103 Sentences With "annulated" | Random Sentence Generator

New York: Sterling Publishers. 480 pp. . annulated tree boa, northern annulated tree boa.

Surrounding the trunk was the tube, which way very finely annulated (4 annulations per 0.1 millimeters).

The annulated gecko (Gonatodes annularis) is a species of lizard in the Sphaerodactylidae family found in northern South America.

The eyes are small, dorsal, and located in the middle of the head. The barbels are annulated with black rings.

Palpi upturned, short and thickly scaled. Antennae annulated and minutely ciliated. Hind tibia thickened. Forewings with vein 8 and 9 stalked.

Wingspan . Head clothed with long bright ochreous hair. Antennae blackish, annulated with ochreous on basal half. Thorax ochreous mixed with black.

Cyrtodactylus annulatus, also known as the annulated bow-fingered gecko or small bent-toed gecko, is a species of gecko endemic to the Philippines.

Hydrophis cyanocinctus, commonly called the annulated sea snake or the blue- banded sea snake, is a species of venomous sea snake in the family Elapidae.

The body is robust rather than slender as in some other erethistid genera, and is moderately short and flattened. All barbels are annulated with black rings.

External ears are absent. The skull is elongate compared to other Trogonophidae. The body is wormlike: legless, elongate, cylindrical, and annulated. There are sunken lateral lines.

Annuliconchus is a genus of microconchid tubeworms. Their tubes have pseudopunctae penetrating the tube wall. Tubes lumen is annulated. Annuliconchus occurs in the Silurian of Baltica.

Underside varies in colour greatly. Antennae, head, thorax and abdomen in both seasonal forms brown or greyish brown: the antennae annulated with white, ochraceous at apex.

Shells of uranoceratids are gyroconic. Early stages of a few species are annulated. Later stages of all are smooth or faintly striated or cancellated.Sweet, Walter C, 1964.

Palaeoscolecids bear an annulated trunk ornamented with circular patterns of phosphatic tesselating plates; a layered cuticle; and an armoured proboscis. They are long and narrow, and can reach tens of centimetres in length. Their cuticle is annulated, typically in complete rings, but sometimes the rings split or only encircle part of the trunk. Each annulus is essentially identical to its neighbours; the only trunk differentiation is at the anterior and posterior.

DeVries, Philip J. (1992). "Singing Caterpillars, Ants and Symbiosis". Scientific American, 267: 76 Adult individuals often have hairy antenna-like tails complete with black and white annulated (ringed) appearance.

Palpi with second joint thickly scaled and reaching beyond the sharp frontal tuft, third joint prominent. Antennae of male annulated. Hind tibia with two spur pairs. Abdomen with slight dorsal crests.

The type species of Cycloceras, C. annularis, is based in an internal mold of a body chamber on which the position of the siphuncle is indiscernible (Sweet 1964,) Species referred to Cycloceras are annulated, subcylindrical orthocones with no longitudinal ornamentation . Fig 186, p K258 Teichert et al. (1964) shows Cycloceras as narrow, gently expanding, annulated othocone with a narrow subcentral siphuncle. Annuli (circular transverse bands or costae) are thick and close spaced, giving a corrugated appearance.

Nephilengys malabarensis is an araneid spider. Females reach a body length of about . The legs and palp are annulated yellow and black. Male body size less than , with mostly grey-black legs.

Bullia annulata, common name the annulated plough shell or annulate bullia, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Nassariidae, the Nassa mud snails or dog whelks.

Pseudoperipatus is a monospecific genus of annulated ecdysozoan worm known only from its posterior portion, from a single Burgess Shale specimen. Its rear termination ends in a pair of claw-like structures on 'appendages'.

Ypsolopha walsinghamiella is a moth of the family Ypsolophidae. It is known from the United States, including Arizona and California. The wingspan is about 20–25 mm.mothphotographersgroup The antennae are whitish, sharply annulated with black.

Nephilingis cruentata is an araneid spider with a strikingly red sternum. Females reach a length of about 24 mm. The legs can be uniformly dark red or brown, or annulated. Males are about 4 mm long.

The wingspan is 11–12 mm. The head and thorax are bronzy-brown densely sprinkled with white. The antennae are bronzy-brown annulated with white. The abdomen is bronzy-brown, although the segmental divisions are white.

It is found throughout Northern Europe. The body length excluding legs is about . The carapace is dark brown. The abdomen typically has black pattern with gold spots, and the legs are annulated, distinguishing it from similar species.

Mature males have hooks with blunt tips on their posterior ends. Its body is wider on the upper half of its body and has an annulated abdomen. They also contain hooked copulatory spicules that aid in mating.

Porocephalus crotali is cylindrical and annulated (having ring-like segments) with 38–40 body segments, a digestive system, centrally located mouth surrounded by four hooks making it seem like it has five mouths — hence the name “pentastomes” .

Class Xenusia, the Xenusiids, represents the subset of lobopodian worms that fall in the stem-lineage of Onychophora. Their type genus is Xenusion. They have relatively large, annulated, cylindrical bodies. Their lobopod legs have tubercles at their bases.

Match awarded to Steaua 0–3 after it was suspended in the 45+10 minute at the score of 0–2 for incidents with Petrolul supporters, the two goals scored of Bicfalvi and Mihai Costea goals was annulated.

Hyolithellus is a conical tubular fossil from the Cambrian, originally considered a hyolith but since has been reinterpreted (tentatively) as an annelid worm. Its circular, thin (15–150 μm), originally phosphatic tube gets wider along its long, undulating, annulated length.

The trunk is annulated with 0.2 to 0.25 millimeter spacing, and carried rows of setae possibly performing sensory functions. The apparent absence of retractor muscles correlates with Ancalagon's inability to significantly invert its proboscis. The organism was probably a burrowing predator.

Cornulites is a genus of cornulitid tubeworms. Their shells have vesicular wall structure, and are both externally and internally annulated. They usually occur as encrusters on various shelly fossils. Their fossils are known from the Middle Ordovician to the Carboniferous.

Asterivora nivescens is a species of moth in the family Choreutidae. It is endemic to New Zealand. The wingspan is 16–17 mm. The head and palpi are brown densely sprinkled with white and the antennae are blackish annulated with white.

Segments 8 and 9 bear the genitalia; segment 10 is visible as a complete segment in many "lower" insects but always lacks appendages; and the small segment 11 is represented by a dorsal epiproct and pair of ventral paraprocts derived from the sternum. A pair of appendages, the cerci, articulates laterally on segment 11; typically these are annulated and filamentous but have been modified (e.g. the forceps of earwigs) or reduced in different insect orders. An annulated caudal filament, the median appendix dorsalis, arises from the tip of the epiproct in apterygotes, most mayflies (Ephemeroptera), and a few fossil insects.

Ypsolopha maculatella is a moth of the family Ypsolophidae. It is known from the United States, including Arizona and California.Bug Guide The wingspan is about 20–22 mm.mothphotographersgroup The antennae are white, sharply annulated with dark brown except on the basal fourth.

Asterivora tillyardi is a species of moth in the family Choreutidae. It is endemic to New Zealand. The wingspan is about 17.5 mm. The head and thorax are white mixed with pale fuscous and the antennae are black annulated (ringed) with white.

The sternum is yellowish brown with darker margins. The legs are brown and vaguely annulated. The abdomen (Opisthosoma) is bulged on the upper side at the two front corners. Dorsally on a light brown ground it has a dark brown pattern at the back.

3-Benzoxepin is an annulated ring system with an aromatic benzene ring and a non-aromatic, unsaturated, oxygen-containing seven-membered heterocyclic oxepin. The first synthesis was described by Karl Dimroth and coworkers in 1961. It is one of the three isomers of the benzoxepins.

Two set-offs to east gable wall, remains of one C12 lancet and C17 attic window. North elevation with 12th-century string course at first floor, flat central buttress and remains of annulated engaged column to right. Three inserted casements and door. Dentil eaves cornice.

Eggs are 112-139 μm long and 43-45 μm wide. Second-stage juveniles (J2s) have an annulated cuticle 1.7 μm wide in the middle of the body. The lateral field is composed of three longitudinal lines. The lips are dome-shaped with three annules.

Length 5,5—5,8 mm. Male. Eyes hairy, the facets in the upper part slightly larger than below, the dividing line slightly conspicuous. Antennae black, short, shorter than the head: the annulated part short and stubby. Thorax dark metallic green, with blackish brown and longish pubescence.

The scale was developed after patients demonstrated symptoms of phototoxicity after oral ingestion of Methoxsalen followed by PUVA therapy. Chemically, methoxsalen belongs to a class of organic natural molecules known as furanocoumarins. They consist of coumarin annulated with furan. It can also be injected and used topically.

The abdomen is bronzy-fuscous, suffusedly annulated with whitish. The legs are whitish mixed with bronzy-fuscous. The pale bronzy-fuscous mixed with dark fuscous forewings are moderate, the costa hardly arched, the apex pointed, the termen markedly sinuate (wavy) and oblique. The markings are snow-white.

Kutoringates are early rhynchonelliform brachiopods. Their annulated pedicles emerge from the apex of their pedicle valve, but they also have a large opening between the valves (from which the pedicle has, at various times, been alleged to emerge from). The pedicles are much larger than the apical opening.

The most commonly used example are the dithienylethenes, i.e. alkenes with a thiophene ring on either side. Dithienylethene derivatives have shown different types of photochemical side reactions, e.g., oxidation or elimination reactions of the ring-closed isomer and formation of an annulated ring isomer as a byproduct of the photochromic reaction.

Hexahelicene General structure formula of [n]helicene In organic chemistry, helicenes are ortho-condensed polycyclic aromatic compounds in which benzene rings or other aromatics are angularly annulated to give helically-shaped chiral molecules. The chemistry of helicenes has attracted continuing attention because of their unique structural, spectral, and optical features.

Hercocyrtoceras is a middle Silurian oncocerid found in Nova Scotia and Quebec. Shells are depressed, irregularly annulated cyrtocones with V-shaped hyponomic sinuses, ornamented by longitudinal and transverse ridges. Position and structure of the siphuncle were unknown as of 1964. Hercocyrtoceras is related to other acleisoceratid genera such as Acleistoceras, Amphycyrtoceras, and Ectocyrtoceras.

In 2001 she was elected as a deputy of Petrozavodsk City Council. She failed to gain enough votes to be elected the chairwoman. She joined the Yabloko party in 2003. She ran for the Legislative Assembly of the Republic of Karelia in 2006, but the Yabloko slate was annulated by the republican authority.

The males are between 2.5 and 3.5 mm in length and the females 2.5-3.9 mm in length. The apophysis on the ventral surface of the tibia is tripartite. The prosoma is yellow-brown, with a black margin and black radial and median stripes, contrastingly patterned. The legs are yellowish, annulated with black.

2,5-Diketopiperazine, also known as piperazine-2,5-dione and as the cyclodipeptide cyclo(Gly-Gly), is an organic compound and the smallest cyclic dipeptide that consists of a six-membered ring containing two amide linkages where the two nitrogen atoms and the two carbonyls are at opposite positions in the ring. It was first synthesized by Curtius and Gloebel in 1888 and was the first compound containing a peptide bond to be studied by X-ray crystallography in 1938. It occurs in cocoa and bread and has a metallic and bitter taste. 2,5-Diketopiperazines (2,5-DKPs) which include mono- and disubstituted 2,5-diketopiperazines, their annulated, spiro-annulated and bridged derivatives are amongst the most ubiquitous peptide derivatives found in nature.

Rhigognostis annulatella (ringed diamond-back or annulated smudge) is a moth of the family Plutellidae. It is found in most of Europe. Illustration from John Curtis's British Entomology Volume 6 The wingspan is about 18 mm. Adults are on wing from July onwards, and overwinter in this stage, occurring on the wing until April.

The pedipalps are black, and the legs lack any distinct pattern. Females are similar to males, but the female's dorsum coloration may vary from greyish to reddish brown. Their legs are annulated with dark spots on bright regions, and there is a prominent triangular patch on the venter between the epigastric furrow and spinnerets.

Benzothietes are thietes annulated to benzo group. Such species are prepared by flash vacuum pyrolysis of 2-mercaptobenzyl alcohols. They are precursors to other S-heterocycles.Herbert Meier , Axel Mayer, Dieter Gröschl "Benzothietes—versatile Synthons For The Preparation Of Heterocycles" Sulfur Reports, 1994, volume 16, 23-56, Thiete 1,1-dioxides are sulfones, the parent being C3H4SO2.

Oidaematophorus mathewianus is a moth of the family Pterophoridae. It is found in southern Canada and the western part of the United States, eastward in the north to Maine.The moths of North Dakota The wingspan is about . The head is brownish grey and the antennae are dust grey, faintly annulated on the basal third with whitish.

Euproops is an extinct genus of xiphosuran, related to the modern horseshoe crab. It lived in the Carboniferous. The Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology describes Euproopidae as "small forms with wedge-shaped cardiac lobe bordered by distinct axial furrows, abdominal shield with annulated axis bearing a high boss on last segment." The same source describes Euproops as follows.

Antennae, head, thorax and abdomen black, the antennae annulated obscurely with white, the abdomen beneath white. thumb Female is similar, ground colour always paler and duller: markings on the upperside less distinct, the subterminal series of spots on the forewing as a rule farther from the margin than in the male. Wingspan of 70–98 mm.

Spyroceras is a genus of pseudorthocerids from the Devonian of North America and Europe, defined by Hyatt in 1884. Pseudorthocerids are a kind of orthocertaoid, a taxonomic group within the Nautiloidea. Specifically Spyroceras belongs to the pseudorthocerid family, Spyroceratidae. Spyroceras had annulated orthocones with straight transverse sutures, transverse or slightly oblique surface annulations, and faintly cyrtoconic apeces.

Phenazine is an organic compound with the formula (C6H4)2N2. It is a dibenzo annulated pyrazine, and the parent substance of many dyestuffs, such as the toluylene red, indulines, and safranines (and the closely related eurhodines). Phenazine crystallizes in yellow needles, which are only sparingly soluble in alcohol. Sulfuric acid dissolves it, forming a deep-red solution.

The wingspan is about 8 mm for males and 9 mm for females. The head and thorax are dark fuscous irrorated with violet-whitish scales and the antennae are blackish annulated with white. The abdomen is dark fuscous, although the segmental margins are white and there are a few scattered white scales near the extremity. The legs are fuscous.

The cerebellum consists of three parts, a median and two lateral, which are continuous with each other, and are substantially the same in structure. The median portion is constricted, and is called the vermis, from its annulated appearance which it owes to the transverse ridges and furrows upon it; the lateral expanded portions are named the hemispheres.

The Paraphragmitidae was named and defined by Flower (1950) as containing annulated orthocones and cyrtocones included in the Michelinoceratida. Walter Sweet, (in Teichert et al 1964), included them in the Orthocerataceae, one of two superfamilies then of the Orthocerida (=Michelinocerida) . With the recognition of the Pseudorthocerida as a separate order the two superfamilies became obsolete leaving the Paraphragmitidae simply an orthocerid family .

The body length of the male is 2.5-5.5 mm, female body length is 3.5-5.5 mm. Very similar to Phylloneta sisyphia, the prosoma is reddish yellow, with a broad, brown-black margin and a median stripe. The sternum is reddish yellow and has a dark margin. The chelicerae are reddish yellow, and the legs are reddish yellow, annulated with brown.

A depression runs up the bottom on all but the rearmost segments. There is a slightly bulbous tail, and each segment beyond that seems to have a single pair of tapering annulated legs similar to the modern onychophore, but without claws. Nine segments are present. There is a spine on each body bump and faint transverse parallel striations on the annulations on the legs.

Anthoceras is a genus of straight, annulated, proterocamerioceratids (Order Endocerida) from the Lower Ordovician, found in North America, NW Australia, and Siberia. The cross section is circular, the siphuncle moderately large, and marginal. Segments are constricted (producing concave profiles in internal molds); septal necks hemichoantici to subholochoantic (reaching halfway to almost to the previous septum); connecting rings thick. Endocones are long and slightly asymmetric.

Body slender and 25–60 mm long, with 50 chaetae bearing segments. Colour yellowish or pearly grey with bright red gills, and all segments finely multi-annulated. The prostomium is conical, ending in a median progress with a slightly swollen tip and two big dorsolateral nuchal-crevasses. Except first, and two to three last segments, all chaetigers has long cirriform gills, and ventral cirri.

These vesicles are derived from the coxal and trochanteral endites (inner annulated lobes) of the ancestral abdominal appendages. Aquatic larvae and nymphs may have gills laterally on some to most abdominal segments. Of the rest of the abdominal segments consist of the reproductive and anal parts. The anal-genital part of the abdomen, known as the terminalia, consists generally of segments 8 or 9 to the abdominal apex.

A reconstruction of Aysheaia pedunculata Aysheaia has ten body segments, each of which has a pair of spiked, annulated legs. The animal is segmented, and looks somewhat like a bloated caterpillar with a few spines added on — including six finger-like projections around the mouth and two grasping legs on the "head". Each leg has a subterminal row of about six curved claws. No jaw apparatus is evident.

These vesicles are derived from the coxal and trochanteral endites (inner annulated lobes) of the ancestral abdominal appendages. Aquatic larvae and nymphs may have gills laterally on some to most abdominal segments. Of the rest of the abdominal segments consist of the reproductive and anal parts. The anal-genital part of the abdomen, known as the terminalia, consists generally of segments 8 or 9 to the abdominal apex.

Cyrtocycloceras is a genus of orthocerids from the Middle Silurian of Europe included in the Paraphragmitidae. The shell, or conch, of Cyrtocycloceras is a moderately expanding annulated exogastric cyrtocone, with curvature like that of a rocking chair rocker. Annulations, encircling ribs, are close spaced and transverse and the surface is transversely striated. Calocyrtoceras from the Middle Silurian of both Europe and North America is striated both transversely and longitudinally while Gaspocyrtoceras is striated only longitudinally.

Benzocyclobutene is a strained system which, upon heating to approximately 180 °C, causes the cyclobutene to undergo a conrotatory ring-opening reaction, forming o-xylylene. Since this process destroys the aromaticity of the benzene ring, the reverse reaction is highly favored. Thermal generation of o-xylylene from benzocyclobutene o-Xylylenes generated in this way have been used prolifically in cycloaddition reactions, which restore the aromaticity to the benzene ring, while forming a new annulated species.

Laxus is a genus of nematode worms from the subfamily Stilbonematinae of the family Desmodoridae. Like other members of this subfamily, they are covered by a layer of symbiotic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, which in Laxus are coccoid in shape. They are distinguished from other stilbonematine genera by the finely- annulated somatic cuticle, thickened cephalic cuticle, small and coiled amphidial fovea, and lack of male structures. There are at least five species in the genus.

The head is pale ocherous-brown. The antennae are whitish annulated (ringed) with pale brown above. The thorax and abdomen are whitish, the latter usually with a black point on the posterior edge of each segment above, and with a similar series on the sides which may form a patch on the sixth segment. The forewings are creamy-white shaded with pale ocherous-brown and sprinkled with dark brown atoms, some of which form distinct spots.

The Podocopa are a subclass of ostracods. This subclass can be differentiated from the other subclass (Myodocopa) by the morphology of the second antenna: the Podocopa have a relatively long endopod, whereas the Myodocopa have a relatively long exopod. The seventh limb of the Podocopa has a variety of forms or is absent, but is never an annulated worm-like limb (as seen in some Myodocopa). Within the Podocopa there are three orders: Platycopida, Podocopida and Palaeocopida.

Underside the head is a radiodont-like mouthpart forming by multiple layers of plates and teeth-like structures. The trunk is wide and annulated, with a pair of well-developed lobopodous limbs on each body segment. Only 8 segment/limb pairs are countable in the incomplete fossil materials which lacking posterior region, so it may have had more (possibly up to 11 to 13) in nature. It also has pairs of digestive glands similar to those of basal arthropods.

The legs are dark fuscous irrorated (speckled) with whitish and the antennae are blackish annulated (ringed) with grey. The abdomen is dark fuscous, although the margins of the segments are grey. The bronzy-brown forewings are elongate, the costa anteriorly arched, the apex moderately obtuse, the termen slightly rounded and oblique. There is a grey inwardly- oblique area at less than half of the wing, which is distinct on the dorsal side but obscurely reaching the costa.

Ophioceras is a genus of closely coiled tarphycerid nautiloid cephalopods, the sole representatives of the family Ophidioceratidae, characterized by an evolute shell with narrow, subrounded, annulated whorls and a subcentral siphuncle composed of thin connecting rings that show no evidence of layering. The mature body chamber is strongly divergent and is the longest proportionally of any tarphycerid. The aperture has a deep hyponomic sinus and ocular sinuses, and so resembles some lituitids.Furnish, W. M, and Glenister, Brian F. 1964.

Ventrally, a large plate has been interpreted as a hypostome. The head shield overlaps a tapering series of 12–17 trunk tergites, which lead into a set of limb-bearing segments comprising the thorax. The limbs are simple in form, consisting of a smooth oval exopod and a stout, annulated endopod. There is no one-to-one correspondence between the thoracic tergites and the limbs, but, rather, there appear to be two or three limbs per tergite.

Tommy Jarvis was referenced in the script for Freddy vs Jason, the dialogue insinuating that he's running a petition to have the reopening of Camp Crystal Lake annulated and is called a "lunatic" by an executive at the building site at the camp, but this dialogue ultimately never made it into the theatrical film. The producers of the 2009 Friday the 13th reboot considered using the Tommy character, but decided not to because they wanted to create their own mythology.

In var. latimargo the markings are much coarser and the terminal series on both forewings and hindwings more clearly defined. Antennae, head, thorax and abdomen black, the antennas annulated with white; beneath: the palpi, thorax and abdomen white. Female upperside: similar to that of the male but the white area of much less extent on the forewing, of greater extent on the hindwing, the suffusion of lilacine blue absent on both forewings and hindwings; the terminal markings on the hindwing broader and more clearly defined.

Underside similar to that of the male, but on the forewing there is a complete terminal series of inwardly triangular black spots and a complete, outwardly dentate, curved discal black band; while on the hindwing the irroration of black scales is denser. In both sexes the antennae are white annulated (ringed) with black, the club black; head whitish; thorax and abdomen fuscous black; beneath: head and thorax fuscous black, abdomen prominently white.. Wingspan 34–50 mm. Recorded from the Karakoram mountains at an elevation of ; found also in the Pamirs and Tibet.

Antenna, head, thorax and abdomen brown; antennae annulated (ringed) with white, ochraceous at apex. Male sex-mark in form 2. Mycalesis suaveolens Wood-Mason & de Nicéville, 1883 resembles M. mestra, but differs constantly as follows: Upperside ground colour a brighter, more ruddy brown; cilia white tinged with ochraceous; the discal, subterminal and terminal bands on the underside showing through much more faintly than in M. mestra; the number of ocelli very variable. Underside: basal area uniform, with no trace of the pale transverse striae; white discal band narrower, subterminal and terminal bands brownish white.

What all bovins or wild cattle do have in common is both sexes have the presents of smooth horns, instead of annulated horns seen in most other bovids. In bovinans the horns are round, while in bubalinans they are flattened. Like the spiral-horned antelopes there is extreme sexual dimorphism in bovins, though it is emphasis on the body size and the size of the horns. Males are significantly larger than the females, which most of their features are exaggerated with massive humps, large necks, and in some species the presence of a dewlap.

Pedipalp of the male holotype According to the arachnologist Frederick Octavius Pickard-Cambridge, males are approximately 3 mm in body length, while females are approximately 4 mm. The male can be distinguished from other Central American Zygoballus by its large tibial apophysis (or "spur") on the pedipalp. In the male, the first pair of legs and the pedipalps are black while the other legs are yellow. In the female, the legs are annulated with black at the apex of the segments, and the abdomen has a pattern of white spots and bands.

Abdomen black, sparsely clothed with whitish-ochreous hair. Legs fuscous, tarsi annulated with ochreous. Forewings broadly lanceolate, apex less acute in; dark metallic violet; a band of pale lemon-yellow at base; a lemon-yellow band before 1/2, faintly excurved, and dilated slightly on dorsal half; a variable series of lemon-yellow dots on costa between median band and apex, and a similar series on dorsum, usually two in each case but sometimes four or five: cilia greyish-fuscous. Hindwings dark metallic violet, fuscous basally: cilia as in forewings.

Legs ochreous, tarsi annulated with fuscous. Forewings ovate-lanceolate, costa strongly arched basally, thence straight, apex acute, termen very oblique, slightly sinuate; reddish-ochreous; a silvery-white irregular fascia from costa at 1/2, sometimes reaching across wing; a similar fascia at 3/4, expanding into a blotch on costa; two silvery-white spots on costa between 3/4 and apex; five or six interrupted blackish fasciae between 1/2 and apex, forming prominent spots on costa, termen and dorsum: fringes reddish-ochreous. Hindwings fuscous-violet: fringes fuscous, mixed with ochreous round apex.

750px A big improvement came in the mid-1970s from Barry M. Trost's group. It was found that siloxyvinylcyclopropanes as well as the analogous sulfinylvinylcyclopropanes could be used as substrates to build annulated cyclopentene structures. Albeit these reactions still required reaction temperatures above 300 °C they were able to make useful products arising from the annulation of cyclopentene to a present ring system. 750px Paquette demonstrated that vinylcyclopropane rearrangements can also be mediated photochemically. In a particularly intriguing example he was able to show that vinylcyclopropanes embedded within a cyclooctane core can be converted to the corresponding [5-5]-fused ring systems.

The disease has only been identified in adult and subadult specimens, not neonates. Even so, all age groups are considered susceptible, and anecdotal reports of the infection in neonates have been made. A retro-like virus infection was suspected as the causative agent of IBD, but identification of highly divergent arenavirus sequences from boa constrictors with IBDStenglein, M.D., Sanders, C., Kistler, A. L., Ruby, J. G., Franco, J. Y., Reavil, D. R., Dunker, F and DeRisi. J.L. (2012): Identification, characterization, and in vitro culture of highly divergent arenavirus from boa constrictors and annulated tree boas: Candidate etiological agents for snake inclusion body disease.

Heteroatom additions to rings can occur through ring expansions if not they are not done through de-novo ring synthesis. These introductions are primarily ring expansions because they often take place through migration/insertion pathways similar to those mentioned above for carbon. Examples include high impact applications of the Beckmann rearrangement (for introduction of nitrogen into codeine) and the Baeyer-Villiger oxidation (introduction of oxygen to cage-annulated ethers) in synthesis. Both occur with the expulsion of a leaving group as the alkyl group migrates onto the exocyclic heteroatom, which is strikingly similar to the pinacol type rearrangement.

Head of Tabanus atratus showing large compound eyes, short antennae (between and below the eyes) and stout piercing mouthparts Adult tabanids are large flies with prominent compound eyes, short antennae composed of three segments, and wide bodies. In females, the eyes are widely separated but in males they are almost touching; they are often patterned and brightly coloured in life but appear dull in preserved specimens. The terminal segment of the antennae is pointed and is annulated, appearing to be made up of several tapering rings. There are no hairs or arista arising from the antennae.

Collar: Greyish ochreous. Labial palpus: First segment is very short, white, second segment three-quarters of the length of third, pale ochreous with white longitudinal lines laterally and ventrally, third segment white, dark brown lined laterally. Scape: Dark brown with a white anterior line, ventrally white, antenna dark brown with a white line from base to beyond one-half, followed towards apex by an annulated section of four segments, four white, two dark brown, two white, two dark brown, one white, three dark brown, two white, two dark brown and eight white segments at apex. Thorax and tegulae: Greyish ochreous, thorax with a white median line, tegulae lined white inwardly.

Fellutanines A,B,C and D Fellutanine A, B, C and D are bio-active diketopiperazine alkaloids isolated from the cultures of Penicillium fellutanum, that belongs to a class of naturally occurring 2,5-diketopiperazines. Originally they were thought to be based on the "trans" cyclic dipetide cyclo(L-Trp-D-Trp) but were later shown to be based on the "cis" cyclic dipetide cyclo(L-Trp-L-Trp). This was also confirmed when fellutanine A, B and C were isolated from Penicillium simplicissimum. The fellutanines A−C, are non-annulated analogues of cyclo(L-Trp-L-Trp), but unlike their diannulated analogue fellutanine D are not cytotoxic.

The stability of the tropone ring and the position of the methoxy and carbonyl group are crucial for the binding ability of the compound. The 10-methoxy group can be replaced with halogen, alkyl, alkoxy or amino groups without affecting tubulin binding affinity, while bulky substituents reduce the activity. Ring B when expanded showed reduced activity, however the ring and its C-7 side chain is thought to affect the conformation of the colchicine analogues rather than their tubulin binding ability. Substitution at C-5 resulted in loss of activity whereas attachment of annulated heterocyclic ring systems to ring B resulted in highly potent compound.

Abdomen dark greyish-fuscous. Legs ochreous, tarsi annulated with black. Forewings ovate-lanceolate, costa moderately arched, apex acute, termen extremely oblique; pale ochreous; a bright coppery suffusion along dorsum often segregated into one or more spots; base of costa obscurely darker; an interrupted irregular coppery fascia from costa near base to tornus, sometimes including an almost black spot at middle; sometimes one or more coppery spots on costa at 1/2; three coppery (sometimes blackish) spots on costa at apex, from which an irregular coppery fascia runs towards dorsum, connecting with first fascia above tornus; sometimes a blackish dot on termen at middle; cilia pale ochreous.

Forewings and hindwings crossed by the usual sinuous black lines, the postdiscal line outwardly lunular. Forewing: the discocellulars defined by dark lines, the apex with two short white streaks continued as a line of obscure white dots to interspace 1. Hindwing: the space between base of wing and subbasal dark line and between the median two dark lines darker ochraceous than the ground colour; the postdiscal lunular line with a dark shade beyond, traversed by a series of heavy slate-black lunules, and white, black-tipped obscure dots; the terminal reddish-brown band as on the upperside. Antennae black annulated with white; head, thorax and abdomen tawny; beneath paler, the palpi white.

Considering how paleontologists' reconstructions of Opabinia differ, it is not surprising that the animal's classification is still debated. Walcott, the original describer, considered it to be an anostracan crustacean, while Leif Størmer, following earlier work by Percy Raymond, thought that it belonged to the so-called "trilobitoids". After his thorough analysis Whittington concluded that Opabinia was no arthropod, as he found no evidence for arthropodan jointed limbs, and nothing like the flexible, probably fluid-filled proboscis was known in arthropods. Although he left Opabinias classification above the family level open, the annulated but not articulated body and the unusual lateral lobes with gills persuaded him that it may have been a representative of the ancestral stock from which both the annelids and arthropods arose.

Male, female. Forewing length 4.5-4.9 mm. Head: frons shining pale ochreous with greenish and reddish reflections, vertex and neck tufts shining ochreous-brown with reddish reflection, medially and laterally lined white, collar ochreous-brown; labial palpus first segment very short, white, second segment three-quarters of the length of third, greyish brown with white longitudinal lines laterally and ventrally, third segment white, lined dark brown laterally; scape dark brown with a white anterior line, white ventrally; antenna shining dark brown, a white line from base to beyond one-half, followed towards apex by respectively a more or less vaguely annulated part of approx. ten segments, three whitish, three dark brown, two whitish and approximately 20 dark brown segments at apex.

The better-known genera include, for example, Aysheaia, which was discovered in the Canadian Burgess Shale and Hallucigenia, known from both Chenjiang Maotianshan Shale and the Burgess Shale. Aysheaia pedunculata has morphology apparently basic for lobopodians — for example significantly annulated cuticle, terminal mouth opening, specialized frontalmost appendages and stubby lobopods with terminal claws. Hallucigenia sparsa is famous by having a complex history of interpretation — it was originally reconstructed with long, stilt-like legs and mysterious fleshy dorsal protuberances, and was long considered a prime example of the way in which nature experimented with the most diverse and bizarre body designs during the Cambrian. However, further discoveries showed that this reconstruction had placed the animal upside-down: interpreting the "stilts" as dorsal spines made it clear that the fleshy "dorsal" protuberances were actually elongated lobopods.

Male, female. Forewing length 3-3.9 mm. Head: frons shining greyish white with greenish reflection, vertex and neck tufts shining dark olive brown, laterally and medially lined white, collar shining dark olive brown; labial palpus first segment very short, white, second segment three- quarters of the length of third, dark brown, inner side and ventrally greyish white and a white longitudinal line on outside, third segment white, lined dark brown laterally; scape dorsally shining dark brown with a white anterior line, ventrally shining white, antenna shining dark brown with a white line from base to one-half, interrupted from beyond base, followed by an annulated section to two-thirds, followed towards apex by three dark brown segments, two white, ten dark brown and seven white segments at apex. Thorax and tegulae shining dark olive brown, thorax with a white median line, tegulae lined white inwardly.

Male, female. Forewing length 4.5-4.8 mm. Head: frons shining pale ochreous-grey with greenish and reddish reflections, vertex and neck tufts shining bronze brown with reddish gloss, laterally and medially lined white, collar shining bronze brown; labial palpus first segment very short, white, second segment four-fifths of the length of third, dark brown with white longitudinal lines laterally and ventrally, third segment white, lined dark brown laterally; scape dorsally dark brown with white anterior and dorsal lines, ventrally white, antenna shining dark brown, a white line at base, changing into an interrupted line to beyond one-half, followed towards apex by an annulated part of about ten segments, six dark brown, four white, two dark brown, two white, nine dark brown, four white and three dark brown segments at apex. Thorax and tegulae shining yellowish brown with reddish gloss, thorax posteriorly yellowish and with a white median line, tegulae very narrowly lined white inwardly.

Male, female. Forewing length 3.2-3.5 mm. Head: frons shining greyish white with greenish and reddish reflections, vertex and neck tufts shining greyish brown with reddish gloss, laterally and medially lined white, the white median line can be present, partly present or even completely absent; collar shining greyish brown; labial palpus first segment very short, white, second segment three-quarters of the length of third, dark brown with white longitudinal lines laterally and ventrally, third segment white, lined brown laterally, extreme apex white; scape dorsally shining dark brown with a white anterior line, ventrally shining white, antenna shining dark brown with a white line from base to almost one-half, becoming interrupted towards apex, this annulated section somewhat variable in length, followed towards apex by five white segments, one dark brown, one white, one dark brown, one white, ten dark brown and eight white segments at apex. Thorax and tegulae shining greyish brown with reddish gloss, thorax with a white median line.

Female. Forewing length 5.7 mm. Head: frons shining pale ochreous, vertex and neck tufts shining ochreous-brown, medially and laterally lined white, collar ochreous-brown; labial palpus first segment very short, white, second segment ochreous-grey with white longitudinal lines laterally and ventrally, remaining parts missing; scape dark brown, with white anterior and posterior lines, white ventrally, antenna shining dark brown, a white line from base to beyond one-half, followed towards apex by respectively a more or less annulated part of approximately 15 segments, four whitish, two dark brown, two white, nine dark brown and nine white segments at apex. Thorax and tegulae ochreous-brown, thorax with a white median line, tegulae lined white inwardly. Legs: foreleg ochreous-grey with a white line on tibia and tarsal segments one to three and five, segment four white in apical half, femora of midleg and hindleg ochreous-white, remaining parts greyish ochreous, tibiae of midleg and hindleg with oblique basal and medial white lines and white apical rings, tarsal segments one to three of midleg dorsally white in apical half, segment five entirely white, tarsal segments of hindleg as midleg but segment four also dorsally white, spurs white, ventrally greyish ochreous.

Male. Forewing length 4.0 mm. Head: frons shining pale ochreous, shining white towards clypeus, vertex and neck tufts shining pale bronze brown, lined white laterally, collar shining pale bronze brown; labial palpus, first segment very short, white, second segment three-quarters of the length of third, dorsally bronze brown, ventrally white, third segment white, lined dark brown laterally; scape dorsally bronze brown with a white anterior line, ventrally white, antenna shining dark brown with an interrupted white line from base to one-half, followed towards apex by, respectively, a short annulated section of approximately six segments, fourteen dark brown, nine white and sixteen dark brown segments at apex. Thorax shining pale bronze brown with a short indistinct white median line posteriorly, tegulae shining pale bronze brown. Legs: dark brown, femora of foreleg and midleg shining ochreous-white, femur of hindleg shining grey, foreleg with a white line on tibia and tarsal segments one to four, segment five entirely white, tibia of midleg with an indistinct whitish medial spot and a white apical ring, tarsal segments with white apical rings, tibia of hindleg with a white basal streak and white medial and apical rings, tarsal segments missing, spurs ochreous-grey, apically lighter.

Female. Forewing length 3.5 mm. Head: frons shining ochreous-white with purplish reflection, vertex and neck tufts dark brown, medially and laterally lined white, collar dark brown; labial palpus first segment very short, white, second segment three-quarters of the length of third, dark brown with white longitudinal lines laterally and ventrally, third segment white, lined brown laterally; scape dark brown with a white anterior line, white ventrally, antenna shining brown, a white line from base to beyond one-half, followed towards apex by an annulated part of ten segments, two white, ten dark brown and approximately nine white segments at apex. Thorax and tegulae dark brown, thorax with a white median line, tegulae lined white inwardly. Legs: dark brown, femora of midleg and hindleg shining pale ochreous-grey, foreleg with a white line on tibia and tarsal segments, tibia of midleg with white oblique basal and medial lines and a white apical ring, tarsal segments one, two and four with white apical rings, segment five entirely white, tibia of hindleg as midleg, tarsal segment one with white basal and apical rings, segments two to four with white dorsal streaks, segment five entirely white, spurs white, ventrally with a greyish-brown streak.