He was amnestied in 1936 and later showered with awards.
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Assad said rebels who surrendered within three months would be amnestied.
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It has moved towards the principle that crimes against humanity cannot be amnestied.
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Some critics, including some in the U.S., have claimed not without malice that war crimes will be amnestied.
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"We remind the Salvadoran people that those who were truly responsible for the deeds were tried, convicted and amnestied."
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His successor, Shavkat Mirziyoyev, has overseen the release of some of Karimov's jailed foes and amnestied several less prominent political prisoners.
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Cuixart added his voice to calls from others in the independence movement for the jailed leaders, whom he called political prisoners, to be amnestied.
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"Many of them once were indeed members of banned extremist groups, jailed and later freed after serving prison terms or amnestied," the commission member added.
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And as the number of illegal aliens who might be amnestied keeps expanding, they're beginning to wonder exactly what the open borders lobby is willing to forgive.
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As soon as amnestied illegal immigrants become U.S. citizens, current law allows them to petition for their parents to also obtain lifetime work permits and permanent residency.
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Because of these categories, it is not just the amnestied illegal immigrants who get added to compete permanently and directly with Americans in the legal labor market.
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Duque is vowing to modify the polarizing accord with changes to ensure that drug trafficking is not an amnestied crime and that guerrilla leaders who haven&apost made reparations to victims are barred from political office.
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Among its many flaws, the most outrageous is that amnestied illegal aliens will eventually be able to sponsor their lawbreaking illegal alien parents, and other family members — they just have to wait 15 years to do it.
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In the 10 years in "conditional permanent resident" status, amnestied illegal aliens are considered in full compliance as long as they are not unemployed for more than one year (excluding those simply attending a random college) or not dishonorably discharged from the military.
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"Both programs should be abolished, of course, but enabling already-amnestied illegals to keep their work permits a little longer as a sweetener for Democrats isn't unreasonable, despite the objections of many of my fellow immigration hawks," he wrote in the National Review on Wednesday.
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The burden of argument is on them: in what other peace agreement, I ask, has a guerrilla force agreed that international crimes cannot be amnestied and that it has to be accountable before a tribunal for the crimes committed, to tell the full truth lest it end up in prison, to serve an alternative sentence, and to repair its victims with its own assets?
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The defeated liberals fled or were arrested, subsequently amnestied by the imperial government.
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He was amnestied in September 1946 and emigrated to Buenos Aires the following year.
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The survivors were amnestied by a bill introduced by Gambetta in 1880 and allowed to return.
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Pronin plead guilty to the charges during his trial. Lomonosova was amnestied on 28 April 2015 due to being older than 50. Pronin was sentenced to a suspended sentence of one year and immediately amnestied on 5 May 2015. Temerkhanov denied any involvement and pleaded not guilty.
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Most of the accused were eventually amnestied on orders King Ferdinand.Cioroianu, p.29; Tismăneanu, p.73; Troncotă, p.
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Identified as an "amnestied war criminal", Bernhard Steinberger was released and arrived back in Berlin on 10 October 1955.
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He was freed from detention on 29 July 1964, when political prisoners in Romania were amnestied by Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej.
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Lacheroy was amnestied in 1968. He returned to Paris, where he retired. Charles Lacheroy died on 25 January 2005 in Aix-en-Provence.
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On 18 August, the insurgents signed the Üsküb agreement which provided for the creation of an autonomous Albanian province and they were amnestied the day later.
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He settled in Kobuleti and refused to return to Guria even after the Russian authorities amnestied him in 1822. He kept correspondence with Mamia and died in exile in 1829.
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As the result, Polish citizens were "amnestied" and freed from "special settlement". Deportations of Polish citizens are commemorated by the Monument to the Fallen and Murdered in the East in Warsaw.
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Avner raises a project for amnestied students and Amos is asking him to attach Aya and Nini to the project. Amos is flying to medical treatments in Switzerland, while Aya and Nini think he's dead. Avner forms "The Octette" and recruits eight amnestied students to investigate the ripples. In addition to solving riddles and saving the countries and themselves from hostile forces, the octette is acting like a similar class with loves and friendships: Aya and Adam are in love at first sight.
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She was finally amnestied in 1957. The following years Popescu wrote her memoires;Jean-Noël Cuénod: "Maria Popesco échappe aux geôles perpétuelles: avait-elle commis trois empoisonnements mortels? La belle Roumaine n’a jamais avoué". Grands procès.
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However, convicted persons who are given sentences of less than 10 years are often amnestied, and may not serve time in prison. This practice is commensurate with punishments prescribed for others grave crimes, such as rape. Also, first-time female traffickers are more likely to be amnestied than male traffickers due to Uzbek cultural beliefs. Many trafficking offenders are therefore not adequately punished. In 2007, the police reported 273 trafficking investigations involving 303 suspects, compared with 250 investigations involving 268 suspects reported in 2005, the most recent year available for trafficking data.
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On August 11, 2010, New Orleans sent Posey, along with Darren Collison, to the Pacers in a four-team, five-player trade with the New Jersey Nets and the Houston Rockets. On December 12, 2011, Posey was amnestied by the Pacers.
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However some provisions of the law were stricken out. Basing on this law, former President Ramiz Alia, previously amnestied, was imprisoned again, now on charges for crime against humanity. Some decried this application of the law as an example of double jeopardy.
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Devananda is wanted in India on connection with the Choolaimedu murder, kidnapping and other charges. In 1994 the Madras VI Additional Sessions Court declared him a proclaimed offender. Devananda claims he, along with other militants, was amnestied by the 1987 Indo-Sri Lanka Accord.
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According to Ramzan Kadyrov, himself former separatist, more than 7,000 separatist fighters defected to the federal side ("returned to the peaceful life") by 2005. In 2006 more than 600 militants in Chechnya and adjacent provinces reportedly surrendered their arms in response to a six-month amnesty "for those not involved in any serious crimes".Law enforcers killed 72 militants in Chechnya in 2007 , RIA Novosti, 16/ 01/ 2008 In 2007, the International Helsinki Federation for Human Rights published a report entitled Amnestied People as Targets for Persecution in Chechnya, which documents the fate of several persons who have been amnestied and subsequently abducted, tortured and killed.
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General Ramón Juan Alberto Camps Ramón Juan Alberto Camps (1927-1994) was an Argentine general and the head of the Buenos Aires Provincial Police during the National Reorganization Process (1976–1983). Although he was found guilty of multiple crimes, he was first amnestied and then pardoned.
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At the outset of World War I in 1914 he repatriated, was arrested at the border and again exiled to Siberia. Amnestied in 1915, he returned to Petrograd. Burtsev strenuously opposed the Bolsheviks. In 1917 he accused Lenin and his comrades of being agents of Germany.
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When the conflict conclusively ended in 1240, the bishop's princely authority was intact but his manorial authority was weakened (soon to disappear completely) and the Drenthers were amnestied. The Stedinger Crusade against the peasants of Stedingen, which Gregory authorized in 1232, may have been inspired by the Drenther Crusade.
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For the rest, may all those who are working on punishment make return to their homes. Their faults have been amnestied”. That same day the servant returned to the capital city, rather shocked by the Empress's commands, which had gone far beyond her simple role as Emperor's wife.
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The junior officers and other soldiers who took part in the revolt were amnestied by President Getúlio Vargas shortly after the Revolution of 1930, along with everyone else who had taken part in rebellions in the 1929s. In Perdizes, the revolution of 1924 is still commemorated each year.
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Michael Rywkin, Moscow's Muslim Challenge, 22. Politically and militarily weak, the Muslim government began looking around for protection. To this end, a band of armed robbers led by Irgash Bey were amnestied and recruited to defend Kokand.Richard Lorenz, Economic Bases of the Basmachi Movement in the Ferghana Valley, 290.
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Adler's action was a protest against Stürgkh's government without the legislature. Emperor Franz Joseph appointed Ernest von Koerber as Stürgkh's successor, one of his last official acts, as he died four weeks later. Adler was sentenced to death, pardoned by Emperor Charles I, and finally amnestied after the war.
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Chautemps broke with Pétain's government after arriving in the United States on an official mission and lived there for much of the rest of his life. After World War II, a French court convicted him in absentia for collaborating with the enemy;Encyclopædia Britannica he was amnestied in 1954.
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One of the stages of the Cheka's special operation to liquidate the Kholodnoyarsk Republic was the so-called "amnesty" promised to those insurgents who surrendered voluntarily. The transition took place in the village Zhabotyn on the 4th (in other documents on the 7th) August 1921. Ivan Petrenko, Chairman of the Kholodnoyarsk District Headquarters, Otamans Derkach, Vasylenko, Oleksa Chuchupak, S. Chuchupak, Tovkachenko (Tovkach), Temny, Lytvynenko, Pinchenko, and more than 20 Otamans and 76 security guards, including Ponomarenko and Wislow, were amnestied. After that, the "amnestied" wrote a letter to the otamans Khmara, Zagorodny, Zaliznyak and others calling for an end to the struggle and the transition to the side of the Ukrainian Soviet government.
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Le temps de l'OAS. Editions Complexe, p. 232. . The jailed OAS members were amnestied by De Gaulle under a July 1968 act. Putschist generals still alive in November 1982 were reintegrated into the Army by another amnesty law: Raoul Salan, Edmond Jouhaud, and six other generals benefited from this law.
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These men were commonly sent to the navy, apprenticed around the age of 14, and bound to the navy for fifteen years. João Cândido Felisberto, a leader in the later Revolt of the Lash, was apprenticed at age 13 and joined the navy at 16.Schneider, "Amnestied in Brazil," 119–20.
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The lawsuit was suspended in August 2016 until the resolution of the criminal case. On 7 July 2017, Martynenko and Ledenev were sentenced to 4 and 3.5 years of imprisonment respectively following a guilty plea, and immediately amnestied. The charges against Dunayev, Kruglov and air traffic controller Nadezhda Arkhipova were moved into a separate case.
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He financed the newspaper "Il Progresso." His son, Giulio Francesco Pulszky died on November 19th, 1863, age 14, and is buried at English Cemetery, Florence. His surviving children were Augustus, Charles, Polixena, and Garibaldi.English Cemetery Guidebook, accessed 15 April 2017 Amnestied by the emperor of Austria in 1866, Pulszky returned home and re-entered public life.
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Russian Goal (Russian: Русская Цель) is a militant far-right organization in Russia, at one time led by Semyon Tokmakov. The group achieved international notoriety in 1999 when its members, led by Tokmakov, attacked William Jefferson, a black United States Marine embassy guard. Tokmakov was arrested for the attack, but amnestied after receiving a short jail sentence.
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During the 2012 off-season, the Mavericks lost both Jason Kidd and Jason Terry to free agency. Kidd signed with the New York Knicks, while Terry joined the Boston Celtics. Brendan Haywood was later amnestied before moving to the Charlotte Bobcats. The Mavericks acquired Darren Collison from the Indiana Pacers and signed O. J. Mayo from the Memphis Grizzlies.
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On 15 October, he ordered that a popular referendum be held in December on a new constitution. Rutskoy and Khasbulatov were charged on 15 October with "organizing mass disorders" and imprisoned. On 23 February 1994 the State Duma amnestied all individuals involved in the events of September–October 1993. They were later released in 1994 when Yeltsin's position was sufficiently secure.
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Both players would be removed from the team at the end of the season, with Crittenton being waived and Arenas being traded to the Orlando Magic. Crittenton would never play in the NBA again after that season (eventually being involved with a manslaughter case), while Arenas would be amnestied a year later before finishing his NBA career with the Memphis Grizzlies in 2012.
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Dozens of prominent musicians and artists publicly supported the prisoners of the Bolotnaya square case, among them Yuri Shevchuk, Noize MC, Boris Akunin, Anti-Flag and many others. Most of the people accused in the Bolotnaya square case then were amnestied in December 2013 due to the public pressure both at home and abroad in support of the political prisoners.
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Although he was sentenced to death, Klofáč was amnestied in 1917 along with many other prominent Czech politicians. In 1939 Klofáč escaped a second incarceration, when Bohemia was occupied by the Germans, due to his impending death. From January 1919 to May 1920 Klofáč served as Czechoslovakia’s minister of national defense. An avowed pacifist, Klofáč became the first Minister of Defense of Czechoslovakia.
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Overlooking the trade request the Magic did a sign and trade with the Boston Celtics for Glen Davis and Von Wafer in exchange for Brandon Bass. The Magic also amnestied Gilbert Arenas and signed Larry Hughes, Justin Harper, and DeAndre Liggins. The Magic started the season on Christmas Day in Oklahoma City against the Thunder. They lost the season opener 89–97.
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He was amnestied in 1981 by President François Mitterrand. He worked as a journalist from 1981 to 1992, chief Editor of a Corsican weekly. He was elected to the Corsican Assembly from 1986 to 1992 and was vice-president of the Culture and Sports Commission from 1990 to 1992. He was also Bastia town council member from 1988 to 1992.
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On 16 July, Judges Janusz Jankowski, Andrzej Lewandowski and Ewa Gutowska-Sawczuk acquitted Kościuk and Denkiewicz. The doctors Jasicki and Willman were considered guilty of non-intentional negligence, and remitted. The paramedics were the only ones convicted to 2 years in prison for the "brutal treatment of the patient". But after about a month, they were silently amnestied and released.
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He lost his positions in Vienna as a result of his participation in a London concert in favour of the Hungarian Revolution of 1848. He stayed in London as a music teacher, until 1868 when he was amnestied and returned to Vienna. He resumed his previous duties in 1871. Among his students was Wilma Neruda, later known as Lady Hallé, and Karl Goldmark.
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He became a captain of the guards of the Princess of Condé. He participated in the peace negotiations in Bègles. De Baas was amnestied after the Fronde and maintained his rank as maréchal des camps et armées du roi. During the Franco-Spanish War (1635–59) he took part in the Siege of Arras in 1654, then joined the Army of Italy.
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262 The Romanian authorities amnestied him in 1929, and, upon orders from the Comintern and the GRU, he returned to his native country.Tănase, p.262-3 Becoming involved with the banned Romanian Communist Party (PCdR), he joined its secretariat and was chief of the central committee's technical operations, organizing networks and clandestine links. He also took care of the printing presses and distribution of materials.
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Langoth was arrested by the United States forces and interned at Glasenbach until 1947, although he surprisingly faced no charges under the Denazification process and was amnestied in 1950.Denazification He became an advisor to the founders of the Federation of Independents and was an honorary member of the party.Political activities 1945-1953 His 1951 autobiography Kampf um Österreich was characterised by its continuing support for Nazism.
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Amos Dvir, Avner HaLevy and Roberto, three scientists, investigate cerebral energy called "The Lambda Ripples". They want to have an experiment that will include six amnestied kids. After that development, Avner and Amos decide to delay it for some years. Disappointed, Roberto is co-operating with Lillie Dvir, Amos' wife, and these two operate the experiment on Amos and Lillie's kids, three- year-old Maya and Jonathan.
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Herz, Caplan & Hartig 2006, p. 23. The camp was governed by a mix of workhouse and prison rules; corporal punishment was prohibited but guards were authorized to shoot escapees on sight. All prisoners were residents of Lower Saxony (then Province of Hanover). The first ones appeared in Moringen in April 1933, although many were amnestied on May 1, 1933, and prisoner turnover remained high through the summer.
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Greetings to the Devil () is a 2011 Colombian crime film directed by Juan Felipe Orozco. It was released in France as F.A.R.C. - L'instrument de la vengeance. The plot concerns Angel, an amnestied FARC guerrilla whose daughter is kidnapped by one of his own former victims. The kidnapper's ultimatum is that Angel has 72 hours to eliminate his own former guerrilla unit in order to save his daughter.
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In 1801, his mother Lady Song of Sangsan and his wife Lady Sin of Sangkye was executed for their belief in Catholicism (Neo- Confucianism was the state religion of the Joseon dynasty). Thereafter, he was still not reinstated, because of his close family members' religious beliefs. He was eventually amnestied and rehabilitated on June 17, 1849, by the king Cheoljong of Joseon, who was his half-nephew.
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After the revolution of 1934, nearly 750 revolutionary convicts were imprisoned there. Most of them were amnestied after the electoral win of the left in February 1936. During the early stages of the Civil War (July-September 1936), the military rebels strong in Navarre unleashed a terror campaign against inconvenient, dissenting civilians in the rearguard. The inmate population in the fort rose to more than 2,000.
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In 2006, Rabeh Kebir returned to Algeria upon being amnestied by the state, something which was given widespread coverage in the Algerian press, and was viewed by many as a milestone in the reconciliation efforts to bring the civil war to a definitive end. He remains formally banned from political activities, but has held press conferences declaring his intentions to return to politics despite this.
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Krasnoshchyokov was held in the Lefortovo prison in Moscow, where he contracted pneumonia in November 1924. He was transferred then to the government hospital near the Kremlin. He was released under amnestied in January 1925 and sent to Yalta to recover. He returned to Moscow in autumn 1925 to work for the Ministry of Agriculture and devoted his energies to improving the cotton crop in Central Asia.
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He escaped a death warrant in Syria in 1927, but returned the following year after being amnestied. Al-Bakri served as a representative of Damascus in the Syrian Parliament between 1932 and 1946. He was one of the main coordinators of the 1936 general strike and became Vice President of the National Bloc. He defected to join Abd al-Rahman Shahbandar's party in 1938.
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1859, he and other political prisoners were amnestied by Emperor Napoleon III and in November 1860 he returned to France, weakened by illness. His next venture was the publication of the Réveil, a radical newspaper supporting the new socialist International Workingmen's Association, which was founded in 1864. This journal brought him three condemnations, a fine and imprisonment in a single year, was finally suppressed; and he again fled to Belgium.
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Alan Sheridan trans. New York: W. W. Norton, 1991. p. 329 The four were Raoul Salan, Edmond Jouhaud, Maurice Challe and André Zeller. The last of them to be released was Salan, amnestied on 15 June 1968 in the wake of "The Events" of May 1968. In 1972, the annex of the Army Technical Teaching School (EETAT) was created in Tulle to train electromechanical engineers, accountants and mechanics.
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Bulányi was jailed for life by the Communist régime of Mátyás Rákosi, General Secretary of the Hungarian Communist Party, in 1952, and was amnestied in 1960. However, he was not allowed to work as a priest. He continued to start small base communities illegally, and wrote illegal samizdat articles. They are in some ways similar to Western cell groups (small groups), a notable component of many Pentecostal and some Protestant churches.
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During World War II, he headed an OUN-organized anti-Nazi underground in Dnipropetrovsk from 1942 to 1943, before returning to western Ukraine. After leader Roman Shukhevych's death in 1950, Kuk assumed the role of commander of the UPA and of the OUN in Ukraine. Kuk was captured by Soviet forces in 1954. After six years of imprisonment and interrogation, he was amnestied and allowed to move to Kiev.
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While he was in prison, a second poetry collection was published, True Beginning(1993) as well as a collection of essays, Only a Person is Hope(1997). He was finally freed in 1998 after being amnestied by President Kim Dae-Jung. Withdrawing from his previous role, he helped establish a nonprofit social organization “Nanum Munhwa”(Culture of Sharing) with Koreans concerned with the great challenges confronting global humanity.
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Pejani feared an assassination attempt from Zog's side and had another psychological breakdown. He was sent in a psychiatric hospital in Naples, returning shortly after being recovered. Pejani was one of the main participants of the June Revolution in 1924, fleeing Albania after the Conservative forces overthrew Noli's government. When Ahmet Zogu came to power, he was condemned again to death in absentia by Zogu's regime, which subsequently amnestied him.
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On November 23, while intoxicated, Yudin raped and killed a girl in her own apartment. He then took the victim's fur coat and gave it to his wife. A month later, Yudin was detained for attempted robbery. Six months after that, he was amnestied in connection with the celebration of the 55th anniversary of victory in the Great Patriotic War, and on July 14, 2000, Yudin went free.
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In 1928, Ibrahim Pasha and many of the other pro-revolt leadership of Syria were amnestied by the French and in March Ibrahim Pasha joined the National Bloc. The latter was a political opposition movement that called for Syria's independence. Ibrahim Pasha became one of the leaders of the movement from Aleppo,Khoury, p. 249. and was a member of the National Bloc Council, the movement's 38-member executive body.
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Congress, 15 March 1979. Figueiredo in the meeting room at the Planalto Palace. On the wall, a portrait of Emperor Pedro I. As president, he continued the gradual abertura (democratization) process instituted in 1974. An amnesty law, signed by Figueiredo on August 28, 1979, amnestied those convicted of "political or related" crimes between 1961 and 1978. In the early 1980s, the military regime could no longer effectively maintain the two-party system established in 1966.
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Cheung Po Tsai was a famous pirate during Jiaqing Emperor period in the Qing Dynasty and was active in the eastern part of Guangdong Province. Later, he was amnestied in 1810. According to legend, the natural cave located on the west bay of Cheung Chau is one of the secret places for Cheung Po Tsai to hide to avoid capture. This cave, later known as Cheung Po Tsai Cave, contained no trace of treasures.
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He stayed there until king Nicholas I amnestied him and he returned once more to Montenegro. After the Podgorica Assembly he became a member of the Montenegrin Federalist Party. He was elected to the National Assembly in 1923, 1925, and 1927. With the establishment of an independent Montenegro during World War II under the patronage of Italy, he participated in the St. Peter's Day Parliament which was to announce a new Montenegrin government.
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In 1936 he was amnestied. He was arrested again in 1939 and remained imprisoned until 1945 on the prison island Poulo Condore. During his imprisonment, he is described as one of the leaders of the Communist prisoners. During the First Indochina War, he was one of the active party leaders in the south of the country and although in a formally subordinate position, controlled large sections of the Viet Minh security forces in the south.
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Troncoso, pp.124-129 Following the battle, the people living in the villages of Huiviris, Potam, Bacum, Cócorit were amnestied by the Mexican government, in return for giving up their weapons. In return, the people in the villages were given clothes and food. The bulk of the remaining Yaqui soldiers were now unable to make war directly on Mexican military forces, so hid in the mountains, while being persecuted and systematically decimated.
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After the war, Panzinger was arrested in 1946 and imprisoned by the Soviet Union for being a war criminal. In Moscow on 22 March 1952 he was twice sentenced to 25 years of forced labor. As a so- called Nichtamnestierter ("non-amnestied"), he was released in September 1955 and repatriated to then West Germany. He worked for a time on the staff of the Bundesnachrichtendienst (Federal Intelligence Service; BND) under Reinhard Gehlen.
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The report also noted that the crew had not been sufficiently trained to deal with the situation. On 22 January 2015, the airplane's pilot Zakarzha Zakarzhayev was found guilty in court under article 263.3 of the Criminal Code of Russia (violating safety rules of transportation and air travel, which led by neglect to death of two or more people). He was given a suspended sentence of 3 years and then immediately amnestied.
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Lepeshinskaya claimed that her appeals to Stalin saved the life of her husband. In March 1953, after Stalin death, Leonid Raykhman was freed, rehabilitated and appointed the head of MVD Control Commission. In August 1953 he was arrested again that time for his own fabrications of criminal cases, tortures of prison inmates and other violations of the "Socialist Law". He was sentenced to five years in prison in August 1956 but amnestied in November 1956.
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Alexander Kokorinov was born in Tobolsk in the family of a government clerk. His grandfather was a priest. At the age of 14 Alexander began training with Johann Blank (father of Karl Blank), a self-proclaimed architect exiled from Saint Petersburg for his involvement in the alleged conspiracy of Artemy Volynsky (1740). With the ascension of Elisabeth in 1741 survivors of the Volynsky affair were amnestied and the Blanks returned to Moscow, taking Kokorinov with them.
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This population increase also reflected demographic changes. The arrival of the Red Army meant the departure of 5,100 Magyars and 2,500 Germans, while the 15–20,000 Jews survivors of the Holocaust also decided to move out before the borders were sealed. By 1945, around 30,000 Hungarians and Germans had been interned and sent for labour camps in Eastern Ukraine and Siberia; while amnestied in 1955, around 5,000 did not come back. In January 1946, 2,000 more Germans were deported.
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On December 30 convictions were announced, which coincided with requests of the prosecutor and whose severity was considered related to the murder of Carrero Blanco. The convictions were the following: Marcelino Camacho, 20 years of jail; Nicolás Sartorius, 19; Miguel Ángel Zamora Antón, 12; Pedro Santiesteban, 12; Eduardo Saborido, 20; Francisco García Salve, 19; Luis Fernández, 12; Francisco Acosta, 12; Juan Muñiz Zapico Juanín, 18; and Fernando Soto Martín, 17. They were amnestied on 25 November 1975.
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Garvanov, himself, did not participate in the Ilinden uprising, because of his arrest and exile in Rhodes after the Thessaloniki bombings of 1903. In 1904 he was amnestied by the authorities and settled in Sofia where he worked as a teacher. The failure of the uprising reignited the rivalries between the varying factions of the Macedonian revolutionary movement. The left-wing faction opposed Bulgarian nationalism but the Centralist's faction of the IMARO, drifted more and more towards it.
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In 1971, he was detained in Leipzig on charges of "subversive incitement" for seeking to publish his works in the Federal Republic. He was amnestied without trial, however. In 1973, he officially applied to emigrate and signed a petition charging the East German government with denying its citizens human rights in violation of UN agreements. He was again arrested for "subversive incitement" and sentenced by the District Court of Dresden to four and a half years in prison.
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Pavel Polian, Against Their Will, p. 123 In August 1941, 243,106 Poles living in the Special Settlements were amnestied and released by the Soviets.Pavel Polian, Against Their Will, p. 119 Deported during the War 1941–1945 about 2.3 million persons of Soviet ethnic minorities including: Soviet Germans 1,209,000; Finns 9,000; Karachays 69,000; Kalmyks 92,000; Chechens and Ingush 479,000; Balkars 37,000; Crimean Tatars 191,014; Meskhetian Turks 91,000; Greeks, Bulgarians and Armenians from Crimea 42,000; Ukrainian OUN members 100,000; Poles 30,000.
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Nina Stuzhynskaya, Belarus Rebellious: From History of Armed Anti-Soviet Resistance: 1920s p. 293, 295 A Polish court initially sentenced Kowerda to life imprisonment due to external pressure, but he was successful in petitioning President of the Republic Ignacy Mościcki to commute his sentence to 15 years. Kowerda was later amnestied and released after ten years on June 15, 1937. The incident further damaged Soviet-Polish relations, already soured by the Polish-Soviet War of 1921.
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Tombalbaye's reform efforts ceased abruptly in August 1971. In that month, he claimed to have quashed a coup involving some recently amnestied Chadians who allegedly received support from Libyan leader Muammar al-Gaddafi. Tomabalbaye severed relations with Libya and invited anti-Qaddafi elements to establish bases in Chad. In retaliation, Qaddafi recognized FROLINAT, offered (for the first time formally) an operational base in Tripoli to Siddick, and increased the flow of supplies to the Chadian rebels.
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After the Reaction, Vadier was transported together with Jacques Nicolas Billaud- Varenne and Jean-Marie Collot d'Herbois to French Guiana, but was amnestied by the Directory, and later, in the April 1796, took part in the failed Conspiracy of the Equals. Acquitted by the courts, he nonetheless remained in prison in Cherbourg until 1799. Placed under house arrest in Paris, a deputy during Napoleon's Hundred Days, he was compelled to go into exile in Brussels after the Second Restoration, and died in Brussels.
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Afterwards Meechai served as Senator again and was the Speaker of the Senate from 1992 to 2000. In this position he presided over a constitutional tribunal which ruled as legal an executive decree of the Suchinda administration (reportedly drafted by Meechai himself) that amnestied those responsible for the shooting of protesters. Meechai was critical of the 1997 draft constitution that had been elaborated in a long process under intensive participation of the civil society. He deemed some of the provisions too progressive, e.g.
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See drop-down essay on "Colonialism and the Rise of Egyptian Nationalism" The government accused the Brotherhood of complicity in an alleged 1954 plot to assassinate the president and imprisoned many of the group's leaders. In the 1970s, Anwar Sadat amnestied the leaders and permitted them to resume some of their activities. But by that time, the Brotherhood was divided into at least three factions. The more militant faction was committed to a policy of political opposition to the government.
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Jacques de Bernonville escaped to Quebec, then Brazil. Jacques Ploncard d'Assac became counsellor to the dictator António de Oliveira Salazar in Portugal. In 1993, former Vichy official René Bousquet was assassinated while he awaited prosecution in Paris following a 1991 inculpation for crimes against humanity; he had been prosecuted but partially acquitted and immediately amnestied in 1949.René Bousquet devant la Haute Cour de Justice In 1994 former Vichy official Paul Touvier (1915–1996) was convicted of crimes against humanity.
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In the late 1950s, he was arrested and sent to Aiud prison; it is possible that this was due not to his work during the Ion Antonescu regime but because of his affiliation with the "Burning Pyre" (Rugul Aprins) Romanian Orthodox prayer group. Sterian had made donations to Antim Monastery and held conferences there in 1948-1949. He was amnestied in the early 1960s. His literary work appeared in Contimporanul, Azi, Floarea de foc, Gândirea, Cuvântul, unu and Viața Românească.
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Players claimed after being amnestied have their Bird rights transferred to their new team. Other players claimed off waivers are not eligible for the full Bird exception, but may qualify for the early Bird exception. Prior to an arbitrator ruling in June 2012, all players that were waived and changed teams lost their Bird rights. This means a player can obtain "Bird rights" by playing under three one-year contracts, a single contract of at least three years, or any combination thereof.
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The Russian Bolsheviks planned to eliminate the amnestied otamans from the very beginning, but did not dare to do so until November, when they set out to eliminate not only the otamans but also the entire insurgent, "suspicious" and "sympathetic" element in the Kholodny Yar area. Very soon, repression against the population became the main means of combating the insurgency. Families of insurgents and "kurkul" ("kulak") elements who helped the insurgents were evicted. Property, inventory and food supplies were confiscated from them.
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In March, there was a Communist rising in central Germany, accompanied by violence, murder, and pillage. Max Hölz, the leader of the insurrection was captured and tried before a special court in Berlin, which sentenced him to imprisonment for life and loss of civic rights. The rest of those involved in the insurrection were also tried by special courts and condemned to imprisonment for varying periods. A large proportion of those who took a subordinate part in the insurrection were amnestied.
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His socialist propaganda activity continued in the trenches and due to these actions he was sentenced to seven years in prison, with the obligation to return to the front lines. Here he was injured in 1917 during the Eleventh Battle of the Isonzo. Discharged and amnestied, he returned to Messina; in 1921 he joined the Communist Party of Italy. In August of the same year, he moved to Milan for work, continuing the trade unionist activity he had developed in Sicily.
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177, 339, note 112. and it was quickly overturned. Many of those who entered the party during Pauker's mass recruitment campaign would be purged between 1948 and 1950, and mass arrests would return with a vengeance in 1947 (including members of the National Peasants' Party and the National Liberal Party, as well as the amnestied members of the Iron Guard).Vladimir Tismaneanu, Stalinism for All Seasons: A Political History of Romanian Communism, Berkeley: University of California Press, 2003, pp. 92–93, 127.
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Babeuf was born at St. Nicaise near the town of Saint-Quentin. His father, Claude Babeuf, had deserted the French Royal Army in 1738 for that of Maria Theresa of Austria, reportedly rising to the rank of major. Amnestied in 1755, he returned to France, but soon sank into poverty, and had to work as a casual labourer to support his wife and family. The hardships endured by Babeuf during his early years contributed to the development of his political opinions.
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84 The Aouzou Strip, highlighted in red Though initially wary of the FROLINAT, Gaddafi had come to see by 1970 the organization as useful to his needs. With the support of Soviet bloc nations, particularly East Germany, he trained and armed the insurgents, and provided them with weapons and funding.R. Brian Ferguson, The State, Identity and Violence, p. 267 On 27 August 1971 Chad accused Egypt and Libya of backing a coup against then-president François Tombalbaye by recently amnestied Chadians.
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Afterwards, the Lakers traded for former Pacers' center Roy Hibbert and signed for the reigning Sixth Man of the Year, Lou Williams, and forward Brandon Bass. Former Lakers forward, Metta World Peace, was brought back to the team as well after the Lakers amnestied him in 2013. This was Kobe Bryant's final season with the team and in the NBA after he announced his retirement. Following the season, Byron Scott was fired as head coach and replaced by Luke Walton.
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The election of communist deputies provoked outrage in the right-wing press, with nationalist newspaper Curentul leading a press campaign for their ousting, no matter the means. At the request of the government, a Parliament commission invalidated two of the mandates, including Imre's. As a result, the results of the Bloc were lowered below the electoral threshold, thus invalidating all the seats won. The arguments for Imre's invalidation were his supposed lack of Romanian citizenship, and a previous political conviction, amnestied in 1930.
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Although this decision was not officially explained, some speculated that Tchicaya was believed to have been involved in 1982 bomb attacks in Brazzaville. In August 1986, the Revolutionary Court of Justice sentenced Claude-Ernest Ndalla to death for those bomb attacks; Tchicaya was also tried, along with ten others, and he was given a five-year suspended sentence."Sep 1987 - Internal political developments - Economic situation - Foreign relations", Keesing's Record of World Events, volume 33, September 1987, Congo, page 35,370. He was subsequently amnestied in 1988.
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Hundreds of insurgents were arrested and tried by military tribunals. On January 31, 1894, a military tribunal condemned the anarchist Luigi Molinari to 23 years imprisonment as the instigator of the insurrection. A protest movement was mounted and Molinari was amnestied on September 20, 1895. Molinari, Luigi, Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani – Volume 75 (2011) Later that year in June 1894 an Italian anarchist killed French President Carnot and an anarchist attack on Prime Minister Crispi on June 16, 1894, increased the fear of anarchism.
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Ulfeldt's treason was rewarded by Charles X of Sweden with ennoblement as the Count of Sölvesborg in Blekinge; however a discontented Ulfeldt instead began intriguing against his new master. He was soon discovered, and in May 1659 was sentenced to death. On 7 July the Swedish regents amnestied him, and he returned to Copenhagen to try to make his peace with his lawful sovereign, who promptly imprisoned him and his wife. In the summer of 1660 they were conveyed to Hammershus in Bornholm, as prisoners of state.
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He was confined first to southern Algeria and then in Brazzaville in French Equatorial Africa. Nonetheless, he continued to be active in the Algerian nationalist movement. Once World War II came to an end, he was amnestied and returned to Algeria. However, straining relations between the "Parti du Peuple Algérien" and the "Amis du Manifeste et de la Liberté" (AML), as well as the decision to arrest and deport Messali Hadj, contributed to the outbreak of riots in Sétif and Constantinois on May 8, 1945.
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During the 2001 insurgency, in which ethnic Albanian militants attacked security forces, Xhaferi was at first a senior officer in the ARM, commanding troops in the Tetovo barracks. On April 28, the day of the Vejce massacre, he was on duty as commander at the barracks. Several days later he deserted and joined the National Liberation Army (NLA), the Albanian rebel group, and became its commander of the 116th Brigade with the nickname of "commander Forino", from his birthplace. He was later amnestied, following the Ohrid agreement.
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His wife Christine de Gleiseneuve succeeded in regaining the seigneurie, but could not prevent the 11th century castle from being slighted in 1633. When Louis XIII and his brothers were reconciled in 1634, Louis-Jules was amnestied and returned to his estates. In 1642 he began building a new house in the baroque style in the foundations of the old castle. Before his death in 1671, only one tower and an extension were built, of the planned structure with four towers and three wings.
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Oil painting of Agustín de Iturbide Iturbide had to persuade royalist officers to change sides and support independence as well as the mixed-race old insurgent forces. For some royalist commanders, their forces simply left, some of them amnestied former insurgents. The high military command in Mexico City deposed the viceroy, Juan Ruiz de Apodaca in July, replacing him with interim viceroy, royalist general Francisco Novella. By the time that the new viceroy Juan O'Donojú, practically the whole country supported the Plan of Iguala.
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About 10,000 Communards escaped and went into exile in Belgium, England, Switzerland and the United States. Of the 45,000 prisoners taken after the fall of the Commune, most were released, but 23 were sentenced to death, and about 10,000 were sentenced to prison or deportation to New Caledonia or other prison colonies. All the prisoners and exiles were amnestied in 1879 and 1880 and most returned to France, where some were elected to the National Assembly.Rougerie, Jacques La Commune de 1871, pp. 118–120.
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As the social status of soldiers was not high, mercenaries usually came from the desperate underclass of society such as amnestied bandits or vagabonds. The quality of these troops was highly diverse, depending on their regional origins. Peasant militia were generally regarded as more reliable than full-time soldiers, who were described as useless. Commanders refrained from training or reforming the mercenary armies for fear of provoking riots, and Ming generals started to fight personally on the front lines with handpicked battalions of elite bodyguards rather than attempt to control the hordes of unreliable mercenaries.
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Following the example of Hyde Park in London, he set up a "Speakers' Corner" at the Sanam Luang in Bangkok. Phibun began to democratize Thailand by allowing the formation of new political parties, amnestied political opponents, and planned free elections. Phibun founded and became chairman of his own new political party, the Seri Manangkhasila Party, which was dominated by the most influential in the military and the government. The Employment Act of January 1957 legalized trade unions, limited weekly working hours, regulated holidays and overtime, and instituted health and safety regulations.
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Ludwik Mierosławski Ludwik Mierosławski Ludwik Adam Mierosławski (; January 17, 1814 in Nemours, Seine-et-Marne – November 22, 1878 in Paris) was a Polish general, writer, poet, historian and political activist. Took part in the November Uprising of the 1830s, after its fall he emigrated to France, where he taught Slavic history and military theory. Chosen as a commander for the Greater Poland Uprising of 1846, he was taken prisoner early but amnestied during the Spring of Nations. In 1848 and 1849 he fought for the insurgents in Baden and in the Electorate of the Palatinate.
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Valayden then asked the crowd for a show of hands in support of resolutions calling for the decriminalization and appealed to Prime Minister Navin Ramgoolam for those imprisoned for possession of marijuana to be amnestied. At the time, about 2000 people or 75% of the prison population were imprisoned for soft drugs offenses, with sentences ranging from several months to two years. The event drew approximately 2000 participants and was held in a loving and peaceful atmosphere. Many young people began to smoke marijuana openly and at the time there was no police intervention.
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Born in Braga, Almeida Braga first came to politics whilst a student at the University of Coimbra where he was active in the cause of monarchism.Philip Rees, Biographical Dictionary of the Extreme Right Since 1890, 1990, p. 7 Forced into exile in 1911 following a crackdown on such activity, he feld to Belgium where he continued his studies at Ghent University and the Université Libre de Bruxelles. The journal that he founded, Alma Portuguesa, was an early basis for integralist development and he produced it in exile until he was amnestied in 1916.
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Stanislaw was awarded the French Legion of Honor for the battle of Dresden in August, 1813. The Tsarist authorities confiscated his Lithuanian Estates, but later Stanislaw and his brother Karol were amnestied by Tsar Alexander, and their properties in Lithuania were returned to them. Stanislaw´s estate at Lakhva had been destroyed during the war, and he received the Kėdainiaii estate in Lithuania as part of his maternal inheritance from the Radziwills. He established himself in Swojatycze, near Minsk, and dedicated himself to agricultural activities, hunting, and purchasing and selling properties.
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After a short while he was again imprisoned, in Newgate, where he remained until amnestied by the 1652 Act of Oblivion. Biddle and the MP John Fry, who had tried to aid him, were supported by the 1649 Leveller pamphlet Englands New Chaines Discovered.Hill, Milton, p. 293. Biddle was strongly attacked by John Owen. He was again in trouble with the Parliament of 1654–55, which ordered his book A Two-fold Catechism seized. Motions were made against Biddle as a part of the Commons’ debate on the Instrument of Government’s provisions for religious liberty.
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Later he was also prince-abbot of Luders and Murbach and abbot of Stablo and Malmedy. In 1673, Franz moved into the newly renovated Château des Rohan (Mutzig), which became the residence of the bishops of Strasbourg. On the conclusion of a treaty between the emperor and the elector of Cologne, on 11 May 1674, Franz was deprived of all his preferments in Germany, and was compelled to take refuge in France. He was, however, amnestied with his brother William by a special article of the Treaty of Nijmegen (1679), whereupon he returned to Cologne.
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In 1933, he was amnestied and he went to Voronezh, where his wife was exile. By a decree of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR of June 19, 1935, his conviction was lifted and in 1936 he and his wife were settled in the Nursing House of Scientists in Leningrad. There Ozerov and died during the blockade of Leningrad; He was buried at Piskaryovsky cemetery. In St. Petersburg, in the Department of Manuscripts of the Public Library there are unpublished memories of Ozerov (F.541.Op.1.D..4).
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A Soviet poster showing the 'Prompartiya' unmasked as spies and wreckers led by Western imperialists. On December 7, five defendants were given the death sentence, which was commuted to long prison terms, while other defendants were sentenced to different terms in prison. During his imprisonment, Ramzin was allowed to continue working. He was amnestied in 1932 and eventually showered with Soviet awards (the 1943 Stalin Prize, the Order of Lenin and the Order of the Red Banner of Labour ) for his scientific work, especially the Ramzin straight-flow boiler.
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A second Sejm sitting, dominated by the enemies of Zamoyski, occurred at the end of the same year and proceeded to reverse all the decrees of its predecessor and attack the Chancellor. Thus the Grand- Hetmanship was placed in commission, the party of Maximilian was amnestied, the Zborowski family were rehabilitated, and Zamoyski's counterparts and supporters were removed from the royal court. Furthermore, the chief pillars of the Catholic faith in Lithuania, Cardinal Jerzy Radziwiłł and the new prince-convert Janusz Ostrogski, were appointed Bishop and Castellan of Kraków.
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The popular journalist Félix Pyat became one of the most influential members of the Commune and its Committee for Public Safety. He went into exile during the Bloody Week, was later amnestied and elected to the National Assembly. By April, as MacMahon's forces steadily approached Paris, divisions arose within the Commune about whether to give absolute priority to military defence, or to political and social freedoms and reforms. The majority, including the Blanquists and the more radical revolutionaries, supported by Le Vengeur of Pyat and Le Père Duchesne of Vermersch, supported giving the military priority.
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In March 1928, al-Bakri, his brother Fawzi, and Fares al-Khoury were amnestied by the French authorities and the al-Bakri family's properties, which had been bombed by the French during the revolt, were restored to them.Provence, 2005, p. 139. According to historian Peter A. Shambrook, al-Bakri's inclusion on the amnesty list was surprising for two reasons: he maintained a strong relationship with France's chief rivals in the region, the Hashemites and their British patrons, and he held "unrivaled" influence among the bosses of "the popular quarters of Damascus".Shambrook 1998, p. 13.
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In his final years, Zissu's Zionism merged with explicit anti-communism, clashing directly with the Romanian Communist Party's anti-cosmopolitan agenda. His renewed effort to ensure the mass emigration of Romanian Jews, and his contacts with Israel, made him a target for the communist regime: in 1951, he was arrested, and, in 1954, sentenced to life imprisonment for the crime of high treason. He was amnestied after some two years in prison, where he had been tortured and brutalized. Himself an emigrant, he died shortly after resettling in Israel.
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Proudfoot L. (ed.) Down History and Society (Dublin 1997) chapter by Nancy Curtin at p.289. Defenders had been present at Antrim, but in the march upon the town tensions with the Presbyterian United Irish may have caused some desertions and a delay in McCracken's planned attack. Confident of a being able exploit tensions between Presbyterians and Catholics, the government not only amnestied the rebel rank-and-file it recruited them for the Yeomanry. On 1 July 1798 in Belfast, the birthplace of the United Irishmen movement, it is said that every man was wearing the Yeomanry's red coat.
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Viktor Burenin was born in Moscow, the twelfth child in the family of architect Pyotr Petrovich Burenin. As a student of the Moscow College of Architecture (1852-1859), he became friends with some amnestied Decembrists (Ivan Pushchin, Ivan Yakushkin, Gavriil Batenkov among others) who introduced the young man to the Russian literary circles. A strong influence proved to be petrashevets Sergey Durov who advised him to translate Barbier's Iambes et poemes for the Geneva-based The Word of the Underground magazine. In 1861 Burenin spent several months in Germany, Switzerland and France; since then his visits to the Western Europe became yearly.
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In an interview to Neues Deutschland, the official party newspaper of East Germany, on 30 June 1953, he voiced his opposition to the prosecution of workers who had taken part in the 17 June strike. Consequently, he was denounced as an "enemy of the state and the party", lost his ministerial charge, was expelled from the SED and arrested. After a two-year-long detention without charge in the Stasi headquarters at Hohenschönhausen, he was sentenced to eight years of prison by the Supreme Court. He was however released on 24 June 1956, and two days later amnestied.
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From the 18th century, the Kammergericht gained a reputation as independent authority in notable lawsuits such as Miller Arnold vs. Count of Schmettau (see Historic Mill of Sanssouci) or in the trial of Johann Heinrich Schulz. After the Greater Poland Uprising of 1846, numerous Polish insurgents, among them Ludwik Mierosławski and Karol Libelt, were tried at the Kammergericht, but amnestied by King Frederick William IV during the 1848 revolution. After German unification and the establishment of the uniform term Oberlandesgericht for a state supreme court by the German Empire in 1877, the Kammergericht kept its name.
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It is within this context that Rexhep Mitrovica, along with Bedri Pejani, tried to seek help from the western powers. After the fall of the government of Fan Noli in December 1924, he took part in a failed plot to overthrow Ahmet Zogu, spent a couple of years in exile in Austria and France, but was amnestied with seventy other figures on 21 September 1927. He returned to Albania after the Italian invasion and joined the Balli Kombëtar resistance movement in 1942. He spent much of the Italian period in prison in Porto Romano near Durrës.
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Herling-Grudziński pictured in an NKVD prison mug-shot, 1940 The Yertsevo labor camp was described in a book entitled A World Apart, written by the eminent Polish writer and philosopher Gustaw Herling- Grudziński, camp survivor and, later, political dissident under the communist system. Captured by the NKVD in early 1940 as a Polish army soldier soon after the Soviet invasion of Poland, Herling-Grudziński spent a year and a half in the Yertsevo camp. Sentenced to five years, but eventually amnestied, he was also imprisoned at the Kargopol labor camp facility. Prisoners were sent to the bath-house once every month.
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He allowed the re-opening of monarchist organizations, three monarchist papers, and their members amnestied, including Henrique Paiva de Couceiro (who had led monarchist counter-revolutionary campaigns into northern Portugal). As a result of these actions Pimenta de Castro, Machado dos Santos, António José de Almeida and President Manuel de Arriaga were branded traitors to the Republic. On 24 February 1915, Castro's government directly issued a new electoral law. Furthermore, it used the military to stop Parliament from resuming its sittings on March 4 and did not schedule elections before 7 March 1915, ignoring the law.
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The royal army controlled the major cities and towns, but whole swaths of the countryside were not pacified. From 1816 to 1820, the insurgency was stalemated, but not stamped out. Royalist military officer, Antonio López de Santa Anna led amnestied former insurgents, pursuing insurgent leader Guadalupe Victoria. Insurgents attacked key roads, vital for commerce and imperial control, such that the crown sent a commander from Peru, Brigadier Fernando Miyares y Mancebo, to build a fortified road between the port of Veracruz and Jalapa, the first major stopping point on the way to Mexico City.Archer, "Wars of Independence", p. 1599.
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Dirlewanger received the German Gold Cross on 5 December 1943 in recognition of his earnestness, but by 30 December 1943, the unit consisted of only 259 men. Large numbers of amnestied criminals were sent to rebuild the regiment and by late February 1944, the regiment was back up to full strength. It was decided that Eastern volunteers would no longer be admitted to the unit, as the Russians had proven to be particularly unreliable in combat. Anti-partisan operations continued until June 1944, when the Soviets launched Operation Bagration, which was aimed at the destruction of Army Group Centre.
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Sorin Cîmpeanu was appointed Minister of National Education in Ponta IV cabinet, on 17 December 2014. During his mandate, Cîmpeanu initiated the controversial Emergency Ordinance that amnestied plagiarists, allowing doctors to give up the title, given that then Prime Minister, Victor Ponta, was accused of plagiarizing his doctoral thesis. Subsequently, lawmakers voted against this ordinance. Sorin Cîmpeanu is not part of a political party, he was proposed and supported on the education portfolio in Ponta government by PC leader Daniel Constantin, he is the suspended rector of the University of Agronomy in Bucharest and suspended president of the National Council of Rectors.
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In 1918 he became a commissar of the Western curtail of Moscow district. The same year Sablin participated in the Left SR uprising due to which he was convicted by a revolutionary tribunal to a year in prison and was detained in Saratov on 16 July 1918. He however was soon amnestied by the All-Russian Central Executive Committee and in December 1918 headed the Kupyansk revkom. In 1918-20 Sablin participated in the second Soviet invasion of Ukraine fighting the national government of Ukraine and the troops of Denikin and Wrangel commanding the 16th Cavalry Division and the 41st Rifle Division.
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In 1908–09 he was active in the Macedonian Struggle, as head of the Drama–Kavala area. He participated in the Goudi coup in August 1909, but soon disagreed with the moderate leadership and launched his own abortive coup on 16 October 1909, in which the Light Squadron of destroyers, under his command, confronted the Battleship Squadron and forcefully denied it entry into the Salamis Naval Base. The coup failed, but Typaldos and his supporters were amnestied in January 1910. On 26 March 1910 he was promoted to Lieutenant First Class, and to Lt. Commander on 17 July of the same year.
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In 1922 he was sentenced to three and a half years' imprisonment because of his involvement in organising solidarity support for the Communist led insurrections in central Germany in March of the previous year. After his release he moved to Berlin where he became a full-time party official in the city's Wedding and Moabit quarters. In 1926 he was re-arrested and taken into investigative custody because of "anti-militarism work among members of the national army". However, after a relatively brief period of detention he was amnestied, possibly in response to pressure applied by comrades locally, and released.
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They both survived seven-day march through the snow-covered terrain avoiding any contact (carrying a radio beacon and other illegal material) and before World War II ended they actively organized the resistance movement around Nové Město na Moravě. After the liberation of Czechoslovakia he joined the Czechoslovak Army at the general staff and graduated from the military academy. But shortly after the communistic takeover in 1948 he was arrested and in a political trial sentenced to 20 years in prison. He got to the worst communistic forced labour camps (as Příbram, Jáchymov etc.) and was amnestied as late as 1960.
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José Sanjurjo y Sacanell (; 28 March 1872 – 20 July 1936), was a Spanish general, one of the military leaders who plotted the July 1936 coup d'etat which started the Spanish Civil War. He was endowed the nobiliary title of Marquis of the Rif in 1927. A monarchist opponent of the Second Spanish Republic, he led a coup d'etat known as la Sanjurjada in August 1932, which was easily aborted by the authorities. Initially condemned to death, the sentence was later commuted to life imprisonment and he was eventually amnestied in 1934 by the government of Alejandro Lerroux formed after the 1933 general election.
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DINA was replaced by the CNI (Central Nacional de Informaciones) in 1977 and Contreras was replaced by general Odlanier Mena. By that time, DINA had reached its military goals: assassinate the Movimiento de Izquierda Revolucionaria (MIR) leadership and the main leaders of the Popular Unity, the coalition of the parties that had won the 1970 elections. The dissolution of the CNI occurred in 1990 during the Chilean transition to democracy. After the fall of Pinochet's regime, Contreras was prosecuted in Chile due to crimes against humanity while heading the DINA and sentenced to 12 years in prison for covert kidnappings, a crime that had not been amnestied.
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Monument to Felisberto in Brazil, overlooking Ilha das CobrasHistorians now hold that there was likely no cross-pollination between the Revolt of the Lash and these subsequent revolts. The formerly mutinous Minas Geraes, under the command of João Cândido after the officers abandoned the ship, used a hidden-away gun (as the ship had otherwise been disarmed after the Revolt of the Lash) to fire on the marine infantry and demonstrate their loyalty. Even so, the government and navy, fueled by anger over their lost honor, used this opportunity to round up the remaining amnestied sailors and put them in prison.Morgan, Legacy, 241–45.
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Vadim Rudnev studied medicine at Moscow University, but in 1902 was exiled to Siberia for his revolutionary activities. Amnestied in 1905 with other political prisoners, he became a member of the Socialist-Revolutionary Party. In 1907 he was arrested again; after four years in Siberia he moved to Switzerland to complete his medical education. At the outbreak of World War I, the SRs (like other revolutionary parties) split into 'Defencist' and 'Internationalist' antiwar groups; Rudnev, like his colleagues AA Argunov and ND Avksentiev, took the former position, in opposition to the party's leaders, Victor Chernov and Mark Natanson, and worked as a doctor on a hospital ship.
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Moscovici was picked up as well, and, although he had voted against Comintern membership, was indicted in the subsequent Dealul Spirii Trial. The prosecutor aimed to show that he and Cristescu had conspired "to overthrow the current form of government". Paula Mihailov, "Autoritățile pierd procesul" , in Jurnalul Național, October 13, 2004 Kept separate from his former colleagues,Cruceanu, p.189 Moscovici was among those acquitted, alongside Cruceanu, Popovici, and Elek Köblös (most of the others were eventually amnestied by the king)."Informațiuni", in Biserica și Școala, Nr. 7/1922, p.5 Moscovici's rump PS ultimately joined up with Jumanca and Flueraș's FPSR by August 1922.Petrescu, p.305.
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Few people were free from possible exposure".Gill, L. A Century of Violence in a Red City: Popular Struggle, Counterinsurgency, and Human Rights in Colombia (London, 2016), p. 108-9 It was in this context of former EPL members working with right-wing paramilitary units that FARC unleashed a campaign of repression against them. Human Rights Watch believed Caraballo's EPL faction to be responsible for a comparatively smaller number of deaths: "According to Esperanza, 348 of its members and amnestied EPL guerrillas were murdered between 1991 and the end of 1995. Of that number, they believe sixty-one were killed by the EPL under Caraballo’s command.
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Jean-Charles Marchiani has been involved in a serie of politico-judicial cases since the early 2000s, involving former French president Jacques Chirac. These cases are connected with Marchiani's shadow's operations and most of them are under the Secret Defense, which Jean-Charles Marchiani has asked to be lifted for a fair trial.The New York Times Jean-Charles Marchiani was sentenced in 2007 to three years in jail, but was later amnestied by French president Nicolas Sarkozy. In the meantime, French Defence minister Hervé Morin wrote to the judge in charge of the case to ask him to drop the charges against Jean- Charles Marchiani.
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He and most of the delegates to the Conference were arrested by the Romanian authorities on 26 March and during the following days. Tcacenco was included in the group of communists tried in the Dealul Spirii Trial (January–June 1922), when the National-Liberal government attempted to eliminate the Communist Party by making it responsible for a bomb attack on the Romanian Senate by anarchist Max Goldstein. During the trial, Tcacenco acknowledged he had participated in distributing communist newspapers and manifestos, but denied any connection with the bomb attack. Most of the defendants were ultimately amnestied under public pressure, however Tcacenco received a 2-year jail sentence.
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The first was his involvement in the Greek War of Independence in 1827 when some of the chieftains of Central Greece asked for his intercession with Sultan Mahmud II so that they would be amnestied. Agathangelus, on the Sultan's order, sent a deputation to the Ioannis Kapodistrias, asking that the Greeks submit to the Sultan, an act which tainted his reputation as anti- ethnic. Along with his involvement in the election of the Patriarch of Jerusalem, which was attributed to bribe, economical and administrative instabilities led to his deposition on 5 July 1830. After that, he was exiled to Kayseri and later to Edirne, where he died in 1832.
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In 1900, the Tiflis Committee of the Russian Social- Democratic Labour Party was established upon his initiative. He was in charge of the May-Day demonstrations in Tiflis, but was arrested on 22 March 1901 and spent two years in prison after which he was deported to Yakut Region. On his escape from Yakutsk he participated in the armed resistance of the exiles against the authorities, for which he was sentenced to twelve years' hard labour. After being amnestied, in the 1905-revolution he became the chairman of the Soviet of Workers', Soldiers' and Cossacks' Deputies in Chita, often referred to as the Chita Republic.
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Following the death of Islam Karimov in 2016, the second president, Shavkat Mirziyoyev, started a new course, which was described as a A Quiet Revolution and Revolution from Above. He stated he intended to abolish cotton slavery, systematic use of child labour, and exit visas, and to introduce a tax reform and create four new free economic zones and he has amnestied some political prisoners. Relations with the neighbouring countries of Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Afghanistan drastically improved. However, the Amnesty International report on human rights in the country for 2017/2018 described continued repressive measures, including forced labour in cotton harvesting, and restrictions on the movement of 'freed' prisoners.
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The campaign was regarded as a success, as the number of workers affiliated with the CGSU grew from fifteen thousand to thirty thousand between November 1928 and February 1929. Beginning with April 1928, Imre was also the editor in chief of the short-lived bilingual Romanian-Hungarian newspaper Ferarul (Vasmunkás), the organ of the Unitary trade union of the workers in the chemical, metalworking and petroleum industry. In recognition of his organisational merits, the April 1929 General Congress of the CGSU held in Timișoara elected him secretary. Imre was arrested days after the Congress along several other union leaders, including Grofu, Müller and Vasile Luca, being eventually amnestied in 1930.
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Littlejohn, The Patriotic Traitors, p. 242 In this role he demonstrated a rare instance of non-collaboration in December 1943 when, by then the effective leader of the PPF, he boycotted a German-organised rally for Marcel Déat's attempt at creating an umbrella movement in the National Revolutionary Front.Littlejohn, The Patriotic Traitors, p. 272 Nevertheless, in September 1944 Sicard was one of a number of French collaborators who went into exile in Germany, although unlike supporters of the former Vichy regime housed at Sigmaringen, the PPF was based at Mainau. Following the war he went into exile in Madrid. Sentenced to prison in absentia he was amnestied and returned to France to write under his Saint-Paulien alter ego.
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Love, Revolt, 20–21; Morgan, "Revolt of the Lash," 36–37. The navy, along with other military branches, served as dumping grounds for thousands of young, poverty-stricken, sometimes orphaned black individuals who were stuck in the 'dregs' of Brazil's cities. Many had committed or were suspected of committing crimes—though those not in legal trouble were far from safe, as some recruits were seized off the streets or simply on the losing end of settling a personal score. Such measures served as a "perfect marriage of punishment and reform": people who had or were likely to commit crimes would be removed from society and trained in skills that would benefit the country.Schneider, "Amnestied in Brazil," 117.
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The immediate predecessor of insubordination was the movement of conscientious objectors initiated in the last years of the Francoist regime, a movement seeking legal recognition of the right not to perform the, then, compulsory military service on conscience or moral grounds. Objectors, therefore, refused the army, but were nevertheless prosecuted and tried by it, and in many cases ended up in military prisons. In 1984 the Congreso de los Diputados passed a law on conscientious objection, which recognised the rights of objectors, establishing a civilian service of 18 months, called "Prestación Social Sustitutoria" (Substitutionary Social Service, PSS), as an alternative to 12 months compulsory military service. The previous objectors were then amnestied and freed from military obligations.
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An attempt to have him condemned to death by a court-martial failed, but he was exiled and lived in the United States of America until amnestied in 1821 (the year of Napoleon's death on St. Helena). On his return to France he was reinstated as general, but not as marshal nor as peer of France. For many years thereafter he was equally an object of aversion to the court party, as a member of their own caste who had followed the Revolution and Napoleon, and to his comrades of the Grande Armée as the supposed betrayer of Napoleon. In 1830 Louis Philippe gave him back the marshal's baton and restored him to the Chamber of Peers.
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In December 1955 he was one in a group of detainees handed over by the Soviets to the East German authorities at Frankfurt (Oder) which, following border changes mandated ten years earlier, had become a crossing point between the German Democratic Republic and Poland. However, in view of his official status, which was given as "non-amnestied war criminal", he was not immediately released. Sources comment on the contrast between the "war criminal" official status accorded him by the Soviet authorities in 1955, and the career damage Stempel sustained from his refusal to join the Nazi Party between 1933 and 1945. On 28 April 1956 Stempel was released from the Bautzen penitentiary.
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On the other hand, he was amnestied by the Bulgarian Parliament after the support he gave to the Bulgarian Army during the Balkan wars. The manifesto proclaimed by Yane Sandanski at the beginning of the Young Turk Revolution There was, a long history of friction between the Bulgarian Exarchate and the Organization, since those more closely connected with the Exarchate were moderates rather than revolutionaries. Thus the two bodies had never been able to see eye to eye on a number of important issues touching the population in Thrace and Macedonia. In his regular reports to the Exarch, the Bulgarian bishop in Melnik usually referred to Yane as the wild beast and deliberately spelt his name without capital letters.
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Denounced to the Soviet authorities, arrested, and interrogated for six months by the Soviet NKVD, Kasparek was sentenced to eight years in Soviet Gulag forced labor camps, called łagry by the Poles. His pregnant wife had already been deported to Kazakhstan; their first daughter would die there at age two of pertussis. Kasparek himself barely survived two years' hard labor, emaciation and near-fatal typhus before being "amnestied" with other Poles by the Soviets after Hitler's invasion of the Soviet Union (June 1941). Joining General Władysław Anders' new Polish army, the Second Corps, being formed in the USSR, Kasparek and his wife, reunited after two years, were evacuated to the Middle East.
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Most of the Nazis judged after the war were amnestied in the mid-1950s. On the other hand, Konrad Freiberg, president of the police union, who had seen ten of his officers killed by the RAF, and Bavarian Interior Minister Günther Beckstein were more than reluctant to see her released. However, Gerhart Baum (FDP), Federal Interior Minister from 1978 to 1982, was in favor of Brigitte Mohnhaupt's release, as it showed that she was treated no worse nor better than any other prisoner, being released after having served all 24 years of her mandatory sentence. According to weekly Die Zeit, keeping her in prison would signify that the state was confirming the terrorists' view of themselves as political prisoners.
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The Court of Cassation rejected the intercession in December 2004. The Court of Cassation declared in its judgment that "freedom to inform, which is the basis of freedom of expression" does not lead to "accompany the exposure of facts ... with commentaries justifying acts contrary to human dignity and universally reproved", "nor to glorify its author." Aussaresses had written in his book: "torture became necessary when emergency imposed itself."La condamnation du général Aussaresses pour apologie de la torture est maintenant définitive , LDH, 11 December 2004 (mirroring an Agence France-Presse news cable) However, the Court of Cassation rejected the complaint which had been deposed against him on charges of torture, claiming they were amnestied.
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A photo of Hryhoriy Vasiura from his criminal case, 1985 While at the Soviet filtration camp, Vasiura hid the fact of his service in the auxiliary police and SS. In 1952, the Kiev Military Tribunal sentenced him to 25 years imprisonment but on September 17, 1955, he was amnestied in accordance with a decree issued by the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet. Usually, Vasiura explained his post-war imprisonment by the fact that he had previously been taken prisoner by the Germans, and obtained an official certificate confirming this. Vasiura moved to the village Velyka Dymerka (Brovary District, Kyiv Region) and became the economic director of the Velikodymersky state farm. The farm was quite successful under his leadership.
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Early in 1933 Himmelheber began to work "underground" for the Communist Party, working with Karl Fischer on reorganising the party's regional structure in Kassel to accommodate its now illegal status. On 20 November 1933 she was arrested, and on 29 June 1934 she was sentenced by the district high court in Kassel to two and a half years in prison, after which she was transferred to the Moringen concentration camp which since October 1933 had been designated the sole official concentration camp for women. Heinrich Himmler was a Nazi with an exceptionally wide palette of senior government jobs including many normally associated with an Interior Minister or Home Secretary. Once each year he visited the women's concentration camp and amnestied a few of the inmates.
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However, he was amnestied in 1848 and returned to Posen (Poznań), where he took part in the Greater Poland Uprising (1848) and joined various organisations supporting the independence of Poland (Polish National Committee and Revolutionary Committee). During the Spring of Nations he was elected as one of the members of the Frankfurt Parliament; he also took part in the Slavic Congress in Prague in June 1848. In 1849 he was elected a member of the Prussian parliament and became the director of the liberal Dziennik Polski (Polish Daily). The following year Libelt began to establish various scientific and social organisations in Greater Poland, including the Society of Friends of the Sciences in Posen (Poznań), which became a de facto university.
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He also published several poems, but they were not considered very significant. He was chosen as the leader of Greater Poland Uprising of 1846, but the leaders of the Polish Wielkopolska (Greater Poland) underground, including Mierosławski, were arrested by Prussian authorities. He was sentenced to death in December 1847 but was amnestied by Frederick William IV of Prussia during the Spring of Nations in March 1848. In the next few years, he would act as the commander of the Greater Poland Uprising of 1848, chief of staff of the revolutionary Italian army in Palermo (Sicily) fighting against Bourbons (December 1848 – April 1849) and then commander of German insurgent units in Baden and in the Electorate of the Palatinate during the revolutions of 1848 in the German states.
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" Some mainstream media described Ingraham's views as advocating the white genocide conspiracy theory. In her August 9, 2018 Ingraham Angle monologue, Ingraham stated she was not talking about "race or ethnicity" and went on to say, "There is something slipping away in this country and it's not about race or ethnicity. It's what was once a common understanding by both parties that American citizenship is a privilege, and one that at a minimum requires respect for the rule of law and loyalty to our constitution." In October 2018, Ingraham urged her audience to vote Republican in the upcoming midterm elections, saying that Democrats "want to replace you, the American voters, with newly amnestied citizens and an ever-increasing number of chain migrants.
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This amnesty, as well as proclamation of king Peter II of 12 September 1944, that all armed formations should place under the command of Marshal Tito, led to a great drop in the ranks of the Chetnik and the Croatian Home Guard. According to Tito's order, former Chetniks and Home Guards, who, even after 15 September 1944, would cross over to the partisans would be deployed in the partisan units. Amnesty was again proclaimed on 21 November 1944, and again by the adoption of the Amnesty and Pardoning Act of 6 July 1945. Between 10 and 15 thousand Chetniks were amnestied in this way, which accounted for about a third to a half of Chetniks in Serbia at that time.
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When the First World War broke out in 1914, Gerasimov volunteered to fight against the Germans in the French Foreign Legion. He saw combat at the Marne, Champagne, and the Argonne, and was wounded several times but returned to battle. In the fall of 1915, for participating in anti-war agitation and for insubordination (he joined an uprising of Russian soldiers against harsh treatment by French officers), Gerasimov was deported to Russia. Returning to Samara he was placed under the surveillance of the military authorities and the following spring was arrested and assigned under guard to a reserve military engineering battalion. Amnestied as a result of the February revolution, Gerasimov became a member of the Samara Soviet of Soldiers’ Deputies, and was elected chair.
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Of the 832 prisoners at the gaol 255 men escaped, including half of those due to be shot; many escapees were shot by guards as they ran from the gaol and 182 were recaptured soon afterwards. Resistance prisoners who made good their escapes were later able to expose over sixty Gestapo agents and informers, severely affecting the German counter- intelligence effort. Ordinary prisoners, not recaptured or giving themselves up, were informally amnestied by the French police and left alone. Pickard and Broadley were reported missing and everyone at RAF Hunsdon was told to keep quiet in case they had survived "but it was not long before we heard news that he [Pickard] was dead" (Flight Lieutenant Les Bulmer, 21 Squadron).
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Initial concerns in the international community about the farm were focused on the fact that, since it was run by a former general in the LRA and staffed entirely by former LRA members, the farm did in fact display a hierarchical structure similar to the command structure the members experience while rebels. This led to such groups as the [Victims Rights Working Group] (VRWG) to express concerns over the fact that the “senior amnestied LRA commanders are in charge [at Labora Farms] and exploit the very women and girls whom they abducted, raped and held in captivity”.New Vision, 8 September 2006 The national Ugandan newspapers published a number of attacks against the farm, most with quotes exclusively from NGOs. The local response though was quite different.
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Soon after being sent to prison however Gray was amnestied and in 1947 he launched his own journal, La Rivolta Ideale, which pressed a neo-fascist line. He then edited Il Nazionale, the paper of the Italian Social Movement and became a leading figure on the hard-line tendency, supporting Giorgio Almirante in his struggles with the more moderate Arturo Michelini. In the MSI he became noted for his support for seeking an accommodation with political Catholicism, seeing this as a way to rehabilitate fascism, and to this end held a number of surreptitious meeting with Azione Cattolica leader Dr. Luigi Gedda.Richard A. Webster, The Cross and the Fasces: Christian Democracy and Fascism in Italy, Stanford University Press, 1960, p.
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A member of the PSOE, like his friends Lieutenant Castillo and Captain Faraudo, Cóndes took part in the revolutionary attempt in October 1934, organized by the socialist organizations, whose goal was to try to occupy the Civil Guard Automobile Park with the support of the Castillo's Infantry, without succeeding. Condés was tried, convicted, expelled from the Civil Guard, and sent to a military prison. With the triumph of the Popular Front in the February 1936 elections, he was amnestied, reinstated, and promoted, by ladder, to the rank of captain, although the Civil Guard left him in a situation of forced availability, due to his participation in the events of October 1934. He also joined, along with Del Castillo and Faraudo, the Republican Anti-Fascist Military Union (UMRA).
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The Charter has been criticized by human rights groups who argue that it institutionalises impunity and impedes any legal action against the security services, including the DRS, while proposing penalties for anyone who dares accuse those amnestied of crimes. Furthermore, the families of victims and their organizations continue to demand information on the fate of the missing and to insist that "justice" must precede reconciliation. Many still fear the return of terrorists to their communities. Finally, the largest radical Islamist group still active – the Salafist Group for Preaching and Combat (GSPC), which is estimated to consist of a few hundred members and is allied with Al-Qaeda – has totally rejected the Charter and has called for a continuation of their "jihad" against the regime.
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In the German production adapted from Bernhard Schlink's novel Das Wochenende in 2012, Koch portrays an amnestied RAF terrorist (Jens Kessler), who has a reunion with his old mates. In the same year, Koch began shooting the Greek-Russian drama film God Loves Caviar based upon the true story of Ioannis Varvakis, played by Koch, a former pirate who moved up to being a Greek caviar merchant and eventual benefactor from Psara. The international cast also included Catherine Deneuve as Catherine the Great of Russia and John Cleese as Officer McCormick. Furthermore, Koch played the title role in Suspension of Disbelief, a thriller by Mike Figgis, which was followed by part 5 of the Die Hard movies, with Koch as Bruce Willis' antagonist.
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Polish civilians murdered by German SS troops, during the Warsaw Uprising, August 1944 During the suppression of the 1944 Uprising in Warsaw, German forces committed many atrocities against Polish civilians, following the order by Hitler to level the city. The most notorious occurrence took place in Wola where, at the beginning of August 1944, between 40–50,000 civilians (men, women, and children) were methodically rounded-up and executed by the Einsatzkommando of the Sicherheitspolizei under Heinz Reinefarth's command and the amnestied German criminals from Dirlewanger. Other similar massacres took place in the areas of Śródmieście (City Centre), Stare Miasto (Old Town) and Marymont districts. In Ochota, an orgy of civilian killings, rape and looting was carried out by Russian collaborators of RONA.
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A report by the Japan Wildlife Conservation Society warned that the price of ivory jumped due to price fixing by a small number of manufacturers who controlled the bulk of the ivory – similar to the control of stocks when stockpiles were amnestied in the 1980s."Destination Japan – an investigation into the Japan seizure and laundering of illegal ivory" Japan Wildlife Conservation Society, May 2007 Before the sale took place, in the wings China was seeking approval as an ivory destination country. In 2014, Uganda said that it was investigating the theft of about 3,000 pounds of ivory from the vaults of its state-run wildlife protection agency. Poaching is very much acute in central Africa, and is said to have lost at least 60 percent of its elephants in the past decade.
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Attempting to pander to the military, Primo de Rivera amnestied Berenguer. In 1926, Berenguer became Chief of Staff of the Military House of the King, a post conventionally destined to burn-out generals liked by Alfonso XIII in order to move them away from the spotlights for a time. In January 1930, following the forced resignation of Primo de Rivera, Alfonso XIII tasked Berenguer with the formation of a government seeking to restore the country to its pre-1923 state, as it like nothing had happened in between. During his mandate as prime minister, Berenguer repealed some of the harsher measures introduced by Primo de Rivera, earning his regime the nickname dictablanda (the toothless dictatorship, blanda meaning soft, as opposed to the preceding dictadura, dura being the Spanish word for hard).
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Karlo Lukanov was born in Pleven, a city in north central Bulgaria, to the family of Todor Lukanov, a socialist politician and member of the National Assembly of Bulgaria from Lovech. In 1917, he graduated from the Military School for Reserve Officers and took part in World War I as part of the Bulgarian Army's 26th Artillery Regiment. In the same year, Lukanov joined the Bulgarian Workers' Social Democratic Party (Narrow Socialists), a precursor of the Bulgarian Communist Party. In 1921, Lukanov graduated in law from the Clement of Ohrid University of Sofia to become a lawyer in Pleven. During the White Terror which ensued in the wake of the St Nedelya Church assault of 1925, he was sentenced to four years in prison, but amnestied in 1926.
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He graduated from the Novocherkassk Cavalry Officers Improvement Course (KUKS) in 1929 and the Higher Academic Course at the Frunze Military Academy in 1930. Parkhomenko was arrested in July 1931, dismissed from the army, and put under investigation. He was sentenced to three years in prison by the Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the Soviet Union for "failure to comply with orders of the Revolutionary Military Council and [military] district on the especially careful storage of weapons", but was amnestied in October. Placed at the disposal of the Main Personnel Directorate and seconded to the staff of the Special Red Banner Far Eastern Army, Parkhomenko became commander of the 74th Cavalry Regiment of the 15th Cavalry Division at Dauriya in March 1932, then served as assistant commander and acting commander of the 22nd Cavalry Division at Khada Bulak from July 1936.
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For several decades after the uprising, Chiprovtsi and the region remained desolate. In 1699, the Ottomans attempted to settle 1,238 anti-Habsburg Hungarian rebels in those lands and provided them with 5-year tax exemptions, but this proved unsuccessful as in 1717 the same Hungarians were moved to the Rousse barracks and sent to fight at Niš.Гюзелев, p. 99. Ultimately, the region was repopulated by Orthodox Bulgarians, beginning in the 1720s. In 1737–1738, the sultan amnestied the rebels and permitted the return of the insurgents' property in 1741, though none of the former residents is known to have returned. In the 1720s–1730s, Chiprovtsi had only 12 inhabited houses; by the 1750s, those had reached 150.Сантова, p. 8. The Orthodox Chiprovtsi Monastery had been reestablished in 1703 by a certain Zhivko who took the ecclesiastical name of Zoticus.Сантова, p. 9.
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Despite the general amnesty for jailed anti- government activists issued days before, the HAK held a major rally as scheduled in Freedom Square. The Armenian Police estimated a turnout of about 6,000, though the opposition disputed the figure and said it was much higher. HAK political leaders, including former Prime Minister Aram Sargsyan, former President Levon Ter-Petrosyan, and recently released ex-MP Sasun Mikaelyan, said the government was finally showing a willingness to engage with the opposition and meet its demands, as evidenced by the amnesty, and complimented protesters on their achievement in putting pressure on the government to fulfill the HAK's three preconditions for dialogue. However, Ter-Petrosyan, People's Party of Armenia head Stepan Demirchyan, and amnestied editor Nikol Pashinyan, among others, reiterated the HAK's calls for snap elections, criticizing the current government as the "result of rigged elections".
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Technically still a personal militia, it functioned as an unofficial part of the Chechen Republic's state police without any legal status in either the republican or federal government. In May 2003, the Kadyrovs established effective control over the Chechen OMON, then estimated at 300 men, earlier considered one of the strongholds of the anti-Kadyrov opposition in the power structures led by Musa Gazimagomadov, who died in a road accident under "strange circumstances". The Kadyrovtsy OMON was now run by Ruslan Alkhanov, who had been a rebel commander amnestied just a year before, and later became the Chechnya's Interior Minister.KADYROV TAKES OVER SPECIAL-POLICE UNIT In October 2003, Akhmad Kadyrov became the President of the Chechen Republic; by this time his Security Service (SB) was already the largest security body consisting of the Chechens, numbering 3,000 according to Kadyrov himself.
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Another of his problems was that his luggage with Spanish securities was intercepted in France; an investigative Cortes procedure was set in motion against Oriol, and he was finally amnestied in 1934, Ballestero 2014, pp. 10-11; he was detained in course of the proceedings, see La Libertad 04.10.32, available here Initially he spoke vigorously in favor of a Basque-Navarrese autonomy draftAinhoa Arozamena Ayala, José Luis Oriol Urigüen and called Jose Aguirre a “providential figure”,Ainhoa Arozamena Ayala, José Luis Oriol Urigüen; Martin Blinkhorn, Carlism and Crisis in Spain 1931-1939, Cambridge 1975, , p. 58. “Dios nos ha concedido algo esencial para continuar nuestro camino: un hombre providencial que surgió en la coyuntura y vino a dar a este movimiento, un movimiento de raíz foral, un movimiento de raíz de raza, el movimiento de los ayuntamientos.
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After two months, seeing his support from the army vanish, he resigned and was sent to a military prison, where he completed his sentence on 24 January 2001 and was freed.Un general chileno se declara en rebeldía contra un fallo que le condena a 5 años, El País, 14 June 2007 In May 2002, Contreras was convicted as the mastermind of the 1974 abduction and forced disappearance of Socialist Party leader Victor Olea Alegria. He received 15 years in prison on 15 April 2003 for the disappearance of tailor and MIR member Miguel Ángel Sandoval in 1975, although the sentence was reduced on appeal to 12 years. Also in 2003, he was sentenced to 15 years in prison for the 1974 disappearance of journalist Diana Frida Aron Svigilsky. While he was amnestied in 2005, the Supreme Court overturned that decision and confirmed the judgment against Contreras on 30 May 2006.
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After joining a revolutionary student organization, he was arrested in December 1901 and exiled to Amga in the Yakutsk region of Siberia. He was amnestied in 1903 and was allowed to settle in Nizhny Novgorod, where he lived for a year. In 1904 Chulkov moved to St. Petersburg and became the de facto editor of Novy Put' (New Path), a literary magazine published by Dmitry Merezhkovsky and Zinaida Gippius. When the publication of Novy Put' was suspended in January 1905 during the turmoil of the Russian Revolution of 1905, Chulkov moved to Voprosy Zhizni (Problems of Life), its replacement, where he worked with its editors Nikolai Berdyaev, Sergei Bulgakov and Nikolai Lossky until it folded in December 1905. In 1906, Chulkov edited Fakely (Torches), an anthology of Symbolist writing, which called on Russian writers to: :abandon Symbolism and Decadence and move forward to "new mystical experience".
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Upon his return from his last expedition, he received notice that he was amnestied, and returned to St Petersburg, to handle the processing of materials collected by him during the expeditions from the point of view of geography, geology and paleontology.. In the same year, he presented to the Academy of Sciences a project of an expedition in which he set out to geologically explore all the large Siberian rivers in the territory between the Yenisei, Lena, Anabar, Khatanga and Pyasina. However, the expedition's equipment required large sums of money, and the project of Czekanowski met with serious objections. This provoked an exacerbation of his mental disorder and on October 18 (30), 1876 Czekanowski committed suicide by taking a large dose of poison. His materials were not published until 1896 under the title ' Diary of the expedition on the rivers Nizhny Tunguska, Olenek and Lena in 1873 – 1875 "" (St.
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Peers, pp. 114, 130 but full-time soldiers were usually hired from amnestied bandits or vagabonds, and peasant militia were generally regarded as the more reliable.Peers, pp. 128-130,180,199 From the 2nd century B.C. onward, soldiers along China's frontiers were also encouraged by the state to settle down on their own farm lots in order for the food supply of the military to become self-sufficient, under the Tuntian system (屯田), the Weisuo system (衛所) and the Fubing system (府兵).Peers, pp. 110-112 Under these schemes, multiple dynasties attempted to create a hereditary military caste by exchanging border farmland or other privileges for service. However, in every instance, the policy would fail due to rampant desertion caused by the extremely low regard for violent occupations, and subsequently these armies had to replaced with hired mercenaries or even peasant militia.Peers, pp.
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The sacrifice of minister Persigny of the interior, who was responsible for the elections, the substitution for the ministers without portfolio of a sort of presidency of the council filled by Eugène Rouher, the "Vice-Emperor", and the nomination of Jean Victor Duruy, an anti-clerical, as minister of public instruction, in reply to those attacks of the Church which were to culminate in the Syllabus of 1864, all indicated a distinct rapprochement between the emperor and the Left. But though the opposition represented by Thiers was rather constitutional than dynastic, there was another and irreconcilable opposition, that of the amnestied or voluntarily exiled republicans, of whom Victor Hugo was the eloquent mouthpiece. Thus those who had formerly constituted the governing classes were again showing signs of their ambition to govern. There appeared to be some risk that this movement among the bourgeoisie might spread to the people.
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Boudarel left Vietnam in 1964 for the Soviet Union. He later worked in Czechoslovakia for the World Federation of Trade Unions. After an amnesty law was voted by the Parliament of France in June 1966, notably granting amnesty for crimes committed during the Indochina War,Law 66-409 of June 18, 1966, article 30: "All felonies and misdemeanors committed in relation to the events following the Vietnamese insurrection prior October 1, 1957, are amnestied." he returned to France where he obtained a position as a maître de conférence at Paris Diderot University, and researcher at CNRS. He took part in the Mai 68 movement. On 13 February 1991, during a conference organised at the French Senate by the Centre des hautes études sur l’Afrique et l’Asie modernes, he was recognised by Jean-Jacques Beucler, a former secretary of State for veterans, who had been a prisoner at Camp 113.
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In 1921 during the Rif War, Saro was posted to Morocco, where he stands out in numerous warlike actions with the generals Cabanellas, Sanjurjo and Berenguer among others, resulting in his promotion to the rank of general. General Saro was a member of the conspiracy nucleus known as the Quadrilateral that played an important role in the Coup of Primo de Rivera in September 1923. Not a political man, he returned quickly to Africa to organize the preparations of the Alhucemas landing, where he directed with success one of the columns of attack, by whose action was promoted to General of division and the concession of Count of Playa de Ixdain on behalf of Alfonso XIII. With the arrival of the Second Republic, General Saro leaves the service and is prosecuted by a Tribunal of Political Responsibilities for his actions in the 1923 ruling, for which he was sentenced for the crime of high treason and aid, and entered in prison, to be amnestied in 1934.
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The Minister for Integration and Immigration Rita Verdonk was looking into each of these dossiers to assess their future: either expulsion or permanent residence. On 1 December, the new House of Representatives adopted a motion to suspend all expulsions of asylum seekers from this group until a final decision on a general amnesty was made. Balkenende reacted annoyed as he stated that this ad hoc left-wing coalition (including PvdA and SP) was not a good basis for negotiations for a stable government. On 5 December, the cabinet declared not to execute this motion for three reasons: first, it claimed that a parliament which deals with a care taker cabinet cannot demand that cabinet to implement new policies; second, it argued that a general amnesty would attract more asylum seeker; third, it raised several questions on what specific groups of asylum seekers should be amnestied and what the legal consequences would be for other groups not included in the amnesty.
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On July 26, 1935, the Politburo decided for expungement of kolkhozniks convicted wrongfully on the basis of decree. A year later the Prosecutor General of the USSR Vyshinsky prepared a memo addressed to Stalin, Molotov and Kalinin (July 20, 1936), that the review of cases on the basis of decree was completed. In total, more than 115 thousand cases were checked, and in more than 91 thousand cases (79%) the application of the decree of August 7 was recognized as incorrect, and on this basis 37,425 people were released or amnestied. It has been estimated that more than 200,000 people were charged by the OGPU, and there were 181,827 sentences in 1932-1939 (normally of 5–10 years in Gulag prison), of which less than 1,000 in 1932 and 3,754 in 1933 seem to have been death sentences.Michael Ellman , Stalin and the Soviet Famine of 1932-33 Revisited Europe-Asia Studies, Routledge. Vol.
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Laws were passed which stipulated that only people who could speak and write Polish could serve as county or city officials, and four fifths of Ukrainian judges were removed from their positions or transferred to Central and Western Poland. By 1932, the relentless Polish pressure combined with the perception, based in part on the Holodomor and other Soviet atrocities affecting the Ukrainian population, that the Soviet Union not Poland was Ukraine's principal enemy, induced many of UNDO's leaders to seek some sort of accommodation with the Polish government. In March 1935, UNDO reached a compromise with the Polish government known as "Normalization." In exchange for UNDO agreeing to work with the Polish government, Ukrainians were guaranteed nineteen seats total in both houses of the Polish parliament, as well as the position of vice-marshal (speaker) of the Polish parliament, many Ukrainian political prisoners were amnestied, and credits were given to Ukrainian cooperatives.
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After retirement Guy became active in business and politics, with one of his roles being Minister of Youth Affairs and Sports in the conservative government of Alain Juppé from 1995 to 1997. He has been convicted by French courts (a 15-month suspended prison sentence) at the end of 2005 for accepting fictitious employment as political patronage; as a consequence suspended by the IOC.Olympic.org IOC decision on Mr Guy Drut – retrieved 20130113 In 2006, president Jacques Chirac amnestied Drut, using a rarely used clause in a 2002 amnesty law authorizing the president to grant amnesty for certain categories of crimes to people who had made great contributions to France in certain fields. The move caused great controversy, including within the majority members of Parliament: president of the National Assembly Jean-Louis Debré commented that it gave an unpleasant impression of "self-washing machine" but said it was a "courageous" move that he would not have made; Nicolas Sarkozy, president of the majority party UMP, disapproved such uses of amnesty.
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