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"ABM" Definitions
  1. a machine in or outside a bank, shop, etc., from which you can get money from your bank account using a special plastic card (the abbreviation for ‘automated banking machine’)
"ABM" Synonyms
automatic teller machine ATM automated teller machine autoteller bank machine cash machine cashpoint automated teller cash dispenser money machine automated-teller machine ATM machine automated bank teller automatic teller hole-in-the-wall till antiballistic missile antimissile missile defensive missile

684 Sentences With "ABM"

How to use ABM in a sentence? Find typical usage patterns (collocations)/phrases/context for "ABM" and check conjugation/comparative form for "ABM". Mastering all the usages of "ABM" from sentence examples published by news publications.

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length: All <=10 words 10-20 words 20-30 words 30-50 words

ABM Industries (ABM) has agreed to buy janitorial services rival GCA Services for $1.25 billion.
ABM Industries – ABM struck a deal to buy privately held janitorial services rival GCA Services for $1.25 billion in cash and stock.
ABM Industries stock dropped nearly 7 percent in extended trading.
" — Current Office Administrator See open jobs Work-Life Balance Rating: 4.7 Where Hiring: San Francisco; New York; Chicago What They Do: "Demandbase, the leader in Account-Based Marketing (ABM), offers the only end-to-end ABM platform.
Overall, GCA will add about $1.1 billion to ABM's annual topline, ABM said.
Reuters was unable to reach ABM with the telephone number provided in the filing.
Her father is a building superintendent at ABM, a facility-services company in Manhattan.
J.P. Morgan Securities LLC advised ABM, while Goldman Sachs was financial adviser to GCA Services.
The ABM-1 Galosh was an anti-ballistic missile defense system arranged to protect Moscow.
On the earnings front ABM Inds, Heico and Nordson are all due to report after the bell.
ABM's offer for GCA Services includes $851 million in cash and $399 million in ABM common stock.
Back in the 1980s, the Reagan administration accused Russia of violating the Anti-Ballistic Missile (ABM) Treaty.
New York-based ABM, which is represented by Theodore Boutrous of Gibson Dunn & Crutcher, denied any wrongdoing.
They were born as a response to the unilateral withdrawal of the United States from the ABM treaty.
Castillo, who previously served as the head of the Mexico's banking association ABM, joined the board in April.
He said federal rules prohibited him from discussing the equipment ABM provides to cabin cleaners for security sweeps.
ABM-X-2 is the nomenclature for project Aurora, an apparently unsuccessful attempt to expand the Galosh system.
ABM said it expected to save $20 million to $30 million annually within two years of the deal closing.
Shares of ABM Industries lost more than 9 percent in the extended session, after reporting mixed earnings and revenue.
"If you speak about the arms race, it started when the U.S. withdrew from the ABM Treaty," he said.
A search on the securities regulator's public Edgar database did not show any other previous filings from ABM Capital Ltd.
When it comes to earnings, Hewlett Packard Enterprise, Francesca's, ABM Industries and Verint Systems are set to report on Wednesday.
ABM said it does not expect to do share repurchases in the near future, in light of the pending deal.
Shares of ABM rose as much as 5.4 percent to $203, their biggest intraday percentage gain in more than four months.
Photo: APPutin said that the new weapons were developed in direct response to the US withdrawing from the ABM Treaty in 2002.
"We are skeptical of a deal consummating given legitimacy concerns around ABM Capital," Mizuho Securities analyst Betty Chen wrote in a note.
Tier 2200 due 21 Feb 246, both settle 20010679640 Feb, Nordic ABM listing, 101.0893k denoms (min 2101.089m subscription), ISINs NO29 and NO237.
In 1972, the clock was moved again away from Doomsday with the signing of the ABM Treaty and the first SALT agreement.
We didn&apost want the United States to withdraw from the ABM treaty, but they did despite our request not to do it.
First ... the boxer gives Jones props for the "mean right" that put the ABM employee, who police say instigated the fight, to sleep.
George W. Bush pulled out of the ABM Treaty and began deploying missile defenses near Russia's borders, undermining the cornerstone of strategic stability.
When President George W. Bush pulled America out of the 30-year-old Anti-Ballistic Missile (ABM) treaty in 2002, China was alarmed.
He said Russia had developed new weapons as a response to the U.S.' withdrawal from the Anti-Ballistic Missile (ABM) treaty in 2002.
He also negotiated the US withdrawal from the 1972 ABM Treaty, paving the way for George W. Bush to develop a missile-defense program.
Second, it was only after 9-11 that then President George W. Bush said it was time to get rid of the ABM Treaty.
Was Washington's "commitment" to the ABM Treaty more important than protecting innocent civilians from nuclear attacks by the ayatollahs or North Korea's Kim family dictatorship?
Banking association ABM said in a statement that it would analyze the bill and work with lawmakers and regulators to "strengthen transparency" around financial products.
Thus, ABM supporters thought of the treaty as the "cornerstone of American strategic stability," without which offensive weapons on each side would skyrocket to overcome defenses.
Some would not comment; others, including Walmart, Target, Sears Holdings, Subway, Costco, Aramark and ABM Industries, said they already had the right policies and procedures in place.
We saw the Soviet-US ABM Treaty signed in 1972 as the cornerstone of the international security system….. Together with the Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty, the ABM Treaty not only created an atmosphere of trust but also prevented either party from recklessly using nuclear weapons, which would have endangered humankind, because the limited number of ballistic missile defence systems made the potential aggressor vulnerable to a response strike.
Fitbit said it had not received any communication from ABM Capital or any other firm regarding a reported offer, a spokesperson for the company said in an email.
MEXICO CITY, Jan 10 (Reuters) - Mexican banking association ABM said on Tuesday evening that its members had chosen the chairman of Santander's local unit as its new head.
Keter Group, bought by private equity firm BC Partners and Canadian pension fund manager PSP Investments earlier this year, agreed to acquire ABM Italia, it was announced on Tuesday.
The United States struck the first blow in 2002, when it withdrew from the landmark 2503 Anti-Ballistic Missile (ABM) Treaty prohibiting both sides from deploying nationwide missile defenses.
Sameer Yousef, a lead cabin cleaner for ABM, one of the companies hired by airlines, oversees a team of four that cleans United airplanes at San Francisco International Airport.
LONDON (Reuters) - Israeli furniture maker Keter Group's acquisition of Italian plastic furniture manufacturer ABM Italia will be backed with a €300m ($322 million) leveraged loan, banking sources said on Tuesday.
According to the report, ABM will incur a charge of $70 million in connection with the deal, which is expected to add about $1.1 billion in revenue after a year.
At a minimum, it is using those weapons as a bargaining chip, to reach an agreement that limits if not eliminates those weapons in exchange for a new ABM Treaty.
Cops told us the altercation began when the ABM employee -- Frank Ragin -- made a gesture toward the NFL star as he was walking through the airport with a female companion.
This was particularly the case when the Bush administration signaled it would within the next year junk the 1972 ABM treaty that prohibited ballistic missile defenses for the United States.
Critics of missile defenses were often blinded by one closely held assumption: that support for missile defenses and junking the ABM treaty was due to an animosity to arms control.
A spokeswoman for Ali's union, Service Employees International Union Local 6, said ABM had been responsive to its concerns and has committed to providing janitors with more protective gear and training.
Arms control agreements reached since the 1970s are still honored — with the exception of the 1972 Antiballistic Missile accord, known as the ABM Treaty, which Mr. Bush abandoned 30 years later.
A spokeswoman for Ali's union, Service Employees International Union Local 6, said ABM had been responsive to its concerns and has committed to providing janitors with more protective gear and training.
The incident started when ABM industries employee Frank Ragin made a "gesture" toward Jones as the NFL defensive back was walking through Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport, Atlanta police spokesman Jarius Daugherty said.
By combining the machine-learning and controlled-experiment tests, it enables evaluation and optimization of performance by measuring the impact on customers' experience at account-based engagement (ABM) level across all channels and programs.
Murray purported to be the chief financial officer of ABM Capital LTD, a nonexistent investment group, and filed a request offering to buy Fitbit's remaining shares "with a substantial premium," according to the SEC.
In tech, things move really fast and someone who has been a CMO for 20+ years may not know as much about recent marketing technology tools or marketing practices such as ABM and Inbound Marketing.
Robert Walter Murray, 24, of Chesapeake, was accused of submitting a sham regulatory filing in which the nonexistent, Shanghai-based ABM Capital Ltd offered to buy Fitbit for $12.50 per share, roughly a 46 percent premium.
Murray, 24, was arrested in May and charged with submitting a sham regulatory filing in which the nonexistent, Shanghai-based ABM Capital Ltd offered to buy Fitbit for $12.50 per share, roughly a 46 percent premium.
ABM, which expects to incur about $70 million in one-time costs related to the deal, provides cleaning, parking and other general maintenance and repair services to office buildings, data centers and educational institutions among others.
Murray, 25, was arrested in May 2017 and charged with submitting a sham regulatory filing in which the nonexistent, Shanghai-based ABM Capital Ltd offered to buy Fitbit for $12.50 per share, roughly a 46 percent premium.
An apparent video of the fight posted by TMZ shows an ABM employee identified as Frank Ragin charge at the man believed to be Jones and punch him, opening up a cut on the veteran cornerback's face.
Putting aside the technical complexities of building defenses against hypersonic weapons, the American decision to withdraw from the ABM Treaty and develop missile-defense systems influenced Russia's decision to develop hypersonic weapons capable of penetrating such defenses.
The SEC said Murray concealed his identity by accessing Edgar through an account that appeared to be associated with a company in Napa, California, and having the filing signed by a Kevin Mead, ABM Capital's purported chief financial officer.
The loan backed Keter's acquisition of Italian peer ABM Italia and added to Keter's existing €690m term loan raised in October 2016 to back its buyout by private equity firm BC Partners and Canadian pension fund manager PSP Investments.
By then, the ABM aims to get 30 million more people to use banking services - nearly three-quarters of those estimated to be without an account - and to support domestic demand by boosting lending to small businesses, homebuyers and families.
The PBS show "Frontline" aired a three-part documentary in 2015, "Rape on the Night Shift," after 21 women sued ABM, the nation's largest janitorial services company, for failing to protect them from sexual assault by male co-workers and supervisors.
A federal judge in California on Tuesday gave final approval to facilities management firm ABM Industries Inc's $5.4 million settlement with more than 30,000 janitorial employees who claimed they should have been reimbursed for work-related use of their personal cellphones.
A federal judge in Chicago on Thursday preliminarily approved a $4.8 million settlement to resolve federal wage and hour claims against ABM Industries Inc, which had been accused of not paying janitors overtime owed for time spent preparing before their scheduled shifts.
This may take long time, of course: In the late 85033s, the United States declared the Soviet Union in violation of the 1972 ABM Treaty, but it took the Soviet Union about 10 years to admit to the violation and address it.
By the end of his term, the ABM aims to get 30 million more people to use banking services - nearly three-quarters of those estimated to be without an account - and to support domestic demand by boosting lending to small businesses, homebuyers and families.
A mid-level California state appeals court has certified a statewide class and several subclasses in a trio of wage-and-hour cases against janitorial services firm ABM Industries Inc saying a state judge was wrong to focus on the differences between the workers.
A unanimous three-judge panel of the California Court of Appeal, First Appellate District in San Francisco on Wednesday said class certification was appropriate because the plaintiffs in three consolidated cases against ABM had identified company-wide policies that allegedly violate state labor laws.
"The financial sector has been and will continue to be committed to Mexico's development, which is why he celebrate and go along with the measures ... announced by the Mexican government," Marcos Martinez, head of the Mexican banking association (ABM), said at a recent event with Lopez Obrador.
Ironically, this idea was turned on its head when the United States and Russian in 2202 agreed to the Moscow Treaty, in which nuclear warhead deployments would drop 2628 percent, greater than any other strategic nuclear weapons agreement in history, even as the ABM treaty was being junked.
"What we expect in this banking convention is to be able to reinforce what we must and will be: remaining the best ally of the country and all governments in making Mexico grow," Marcos Martinez, head of the Mexican banking association (ABM), told a news conference at the start of the gathering.
That means he needs a guarantee that the United States won't cancel out the agreement, which is a big concern, considering America's track record of late: backing out of the Anti-Ballistic Missile (ABM) Treaty, the Iran nuclear deal, the Paris climate accords, and the Intermediate-Range and Shorter-Range Missiles (INF) Treaty.
The Nunn-Lugar's Cooperative Threat Reduction (CTR) Program is gone, the Anti-Ballistic Missile (ABM) Treaty has been canceled, the Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe (CFE) has been suspended, the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty is fraying and the New START (Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty) and Open Skies treaty are being questioned.
In addition, nuclear-armed states have withdrawn from existing arms control agreements, such as the U.S. unilaterally withdrawing from the 1972 Anti-Ballistic Missile (ABM) Treaty in 2002, Trump withdrawing from the 2015 Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (Iran Nuclear Agreement) in 2018 and his threatening to withdraw from the 85033 Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty in 2018 and 2019.
The unprecedented summit thrust Russia back as a bona fide player in global gamesmanship as Putin tried to check the George W. Bush administration's intention to withdraw from the 1972 Anti-Ballistic Missile (ABM) Treaty and build a Theater Missile Defense in East Asia, war campaigns in Afghanistan and Iraq, and bolster ties with former Soviet-bloc states by their accession to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization.
In 1971, ABM made its debut on the New York Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol ABM. ABM Engineering was established in the early 1990s and received ISO 9002 certification in 1999. By the end of 1999, ABM employed over 55,000 people and reported annual sales revenue over $1.6 billion.
In June 2017, ABM sold its Government Services business to Valiant Integrated Services for $35 million. ABM also acquired Westway Services Holdings, a technical engineering company for UK customers, in December 2015.[37] In June 2016, it was announced that ABM Industries had joined the Fortune 500 for the first time.[38] In September 2017, ABM Industries purchased GCA Services Group for $1.25 billion, the largest acquisition in the company's history.
ABM-1 Galosh launcher The ABM-1 Galosh was a three-stage solid-fueled design with a range of over 300 kilometers. The ABM-1B was improved with a restartable liquid-fueled third stage. This gave a much improved post-launch and re-targeting capabilities. The Galosh are launched from above-ground launchers.
Intelligence photographs from a declassified UK Ministry of Defence folder of a Galosh ABM in the Red Square May Day Parade 1964. With on-going advancements in the ABM system, radars, missile and warheads, the evolution of the ABM-1 Galosh became the ABM-1B Galosh. The "M" for modernization, was brought on through the advanced developments at 10 different Russian institutes. One primary upgrade was in the Dunay-3U radar systems enhanced with a dedicated sector search functionality.
Engagio offers a suite of products to enable an ABM go-to-market strategy: ABM Foundation, Engage Analytics, Engage ABM Automation, Dash Attribution, and Engagio Scout (an extension for Google’s Chrome web browser). These products help marketers align their entire revenue team around the same set of accounts so they can understand what is happening at those accounts, orchestrate coordinated action to engage those accounts, and measure the impact of those efforts. Engagio’s ABM Foundation combines data from multiple sources, maps leads to accounts (L2A), and enables customers to access account insights anywhere on the web. Engagio’s Engage Analytics tracks engagement, scores and prioritizes accounts, and measures the impact of your ABM programs. Engagio’s Engage ABM Automation enables marketers to scale ABM programs by automating multi-channel actions in response to account engagement or inactivity. Engagio’s Dash Attribution gives revenue-focused marketers insight into the ROI of their marketing programs.
ABM specialises in the development of intelligence and investigative software for managing both Overt and Covert operations across law enforcement, counter terrorism agencies and commercial organisations. The company provides solutions to clients across the globe, including the United Kingdom, Australia, United States and Canada. Approximately 80% of UK Police Forces use ABM intelligence software and ABM provides the national intelligence system across Scotland, the Scottish Intelligence Database.Scottish police forces to share data ABM is a member of the UK Technology Association, Intellect.
Anti-ballistic missile defense countermeasures are tactical or strategic actions taken by an attacker to overwhelm, destroy, or evade anti-ballistic missile defenses. Anti-ballistic missile (ABM) defense countermeasures can be categorized in a variety of ways, such as whether something is attacked or just confounded (i.e., whether the defender is attacked, whether the defender's ABM defense is attacked, or whether the defenders ABM system is confounded). They can be categorized by the type of ABM system they are to operate against.
It contained a high-yield nuclear warhead, comparable to the U.S. Nike Zeus. The ABM-1B (Soviet designation A-350R) was introduced with the advanced A-35M missile system and became operational during 1978. This system was tested at the Sary Shagan Launch Facility with five test flights during 1971, 1976, and 1977, with two more tests during 1993 and 1999. The next generation of missiles, introduced with the A-135 ABM System, were the ABM-3 Gazelle (1970s), and ABM-4 Gorgon (1980s).
In 2015, ERA sued facilities management giant ABM Industries, Inc,Bojorquez v. ABM Industries, et al. on behalf of night-shift janitor Maria Bojorquez, who was sexually assaulted, harassed, and retaliated against at work. Under the settlement, ABM agreed to thorough outside reviews for investigations of rape or attempted rape at their company, benefitting thousands of current and future workers.
Currently, many of the algorithms assume homogeneous and rational behavior among investors. However, there's an approach alternative to financial modeling, and it's called agent-based modelling (ABM). ABM uses different autonomous agents whose behavior evolves endogenously which lead to complicated system dynamics that are sometimes impossible to predict from the properties of individual agents. ABM is starting to be applied to computational finance.
A super-streamlined version called the Nerva Grand Sport (ABM 3) appeared in March 1935 and was offered alongside the Nervasport for a little while. Earlier, there had also been a Nervastella Grand Sport (ZD 4) available. Both models feature integrated headlights and very curvy bodywork. After the Nervasport was discontinued, only the Nerva Grand Sport remained, in ABM 5 and later ABM 7 forms.
A window washer that was working for ABM managed to use his squeegee to open an elevator door saving many people. In 2007, ABM acquired the assets of HealthCare Parking Systems of America, Inc. (HPSA), a provider of healthcare-related parking services based in Tampa, Florida with annual revenues of approximately $26 million. Also in 2007, ABM completed the acquisition of OneSource Services Inc.
Shared Cash Dispensing (SCD): cash withdrawals from any ABM not belonging to a cardholder's financial institution. This Canada-specific service is similar to international systems like Plus or Cirrus. Virtually every ABM in Canada is on the Interac system.
The moves Beans and the ABM decide to make come with severe consequences.
In essence, ABM is a way of modeling and understanding different global patterns.
Other countries were also involved in early ABM research. A more advanced project was at CARDE in Canada, which researched the main problems of ABM systems. A key problem with any radar system is that the signal is in the form of a cone, which spreads with distance from the transmitter. For long-distance interceptions like ABM systems, the inherent inaccuracy of the radar makes an interception difficult.
From this point on, he opposed building a "heavy" ABM system like Nike-X.
Abu Mohammed Habibullah, also known as ABM Habibullah, was a Bangladeshi historian and writer.
2000 - In December ABM Mining (private) was merged into Ivanhoe Mines. At the time Ivanhoe's main assets included 50% of Myanmar's Monywa Copper Project (28,500 tonnes/year); that year production by both companies totalled 13,350 tonnes for copper, 2 million tonnes for iron ore pellets and 48,000 tones for iron ore concentrate. ABM Mining was founded in 1997 and remained a privately held company until the merger. 2002 - Subsidiary ABM Mining purchased all of the outstanding debt associated with the Savage River iron ore project in Tasmania, Australia giving ABM Mining a priority claim on the project's assets.
Work started on a short-range, high-speed counterpart known as Sprint to provide defense for the ABM sites themselves. By the mid-1960s, both systems showed enough promise to start development of base selection for a limited ABM system dubbed Sentinel. In 1967, the US announced that Sentinel itself would be scaled down to the smaller and less expensive Safeguard. Soviet doctrine called for development of its own ABM system and return to strategic parity with the US. This was achieved with the operational deployment of the A-35 ABM system and its successors, which remain operational to this day.
A risk with ABM is that some activities have an implicit value, not necessarily reflected in a financial value added to any product. For instance, a particularly pleasant workplace can help attract and retain the best staff, but may not be identified as adding value in operational ABM. A customer who represents a loss based on committed activities, but who opens up leads in a new market, may be identified as a low value customer by a strategic ABM process. Managers should interpret these values and use ABM as a "common, yet neutral, ground … this provides the basis for negotiation".
Ted purchased an electrical company in that same year and ABM cleaned Navy ships and installed wiring on Water Buffalo amphibious vehicles during World War II. By the end of the war, ABM had grown to 17 offices in the U.S. and Canada.
The purchase of Demandbase marks what may be the launch of what critics term a "collision course" between ABM and the platform for marketing automation. Analysts claim it may be profitable if companies with ABM software introduce more marketing automation-like capabilities.
Air battle managers on the AWACS Air battle manager (ABM) is a rated officer career field in the United States Air Force that provide command and control capability to airborne and ground units. The Air Force Special Code (AFSC) for ABM is 13B.
Late in 2004, the ABM dissolved itself unilaterally to get around a ban imposed by the Hessian Interior Ministry. The activists resumed their activities in other neo-Nazi groups. The ABM was the most active and biggest neo-Nazi group in Hesse.
The ABM-1 Galosh (Soviet designation A-350 GRAU 5V61) was a Soviet, nuclear- tipped surface-to-air anti-ballistic missile.Wonderland.org: ABM-1 The Galosh (NATO reporting name, formerly SH-01) was a component of the A-35 anti- ballistic missile system. Its primary mission was to destroy U.S. Minuteman and Titan intercontinental ballistic missiles targeting Moscow. The ABM-1 was introduced during the 1960s with mechanically steered semi-active radar guidance.
ABM Ghulam Mostafa is a Bangladeshi politician and the former Member of Parliament from Comilla-4.
Though, for ABM to be more accurate, better models for rule-generation need to be developed.
The Senior High School of SSIS Malarayat offers the STEM and the ABM Strands. STEM stands for Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics; while ABM stands for Accountancy, Business and Management. Below is the list of courses offered for each strand. SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING, AND MATHEMATICS STRAND (S.T.E.M.).
High Endoatmospheric Defense Interceptor In 1985, Lockheed Martin was awarded a contract to develop an ABM system - the ERIS - that was compliant with the ABM Treaty. ERIS was to be a high altitude component of SDI that would operate in outer space. It would intercept and destroy an incoming ICBM before the ICBM re-entered the atmosphere. ERIS was to be complemented by another ABM system, High Endoatmospheric Defense Interceptor (HEDI), which destroyed enemy missiles in the atmosphere.
Gagame Feni is a Solomon Islands footballer who plays as a striker for ABM Galaxy in Vanuatu.
Regional Science High School for Region VI only offers the STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) and ABM (Accountancy and Business Management) strands of the Academic Track. Senior High School students are catered in three (3) classes for the STEM strand and a single class for the ABM strand.
ABM Golam Mustafa is a Bangladesh Nationalist Party politician and the former Member of Parliament of Faridpur-1.
ABM Anowarul Haque is a Bangladesh Awami League politician and the former Member of Parliament of Manikganj-1.
ABM Abul Kashem was a Bangladesh Awami League politician and the former Member of Parliament from Chittagong-3.
Ashdown ABM VU Meter Ashdown Engineering is a British manufacturer of instrument amplifiers, particularly for bass and acoustic guitars.
Polaris missile launch from submarine in 1983 Polaris proved to be reliable, and its second-strike capability conferred greater strategic flexibility than any previous British nuclear weapons system; but it had a limited lifespan, and was expected to become obsolete by the 1990s. It was considered vital that an independent British deterrent could penetrate existing and future Soviet anti-ballistic missile (ABM) capabilities. A powerful ABM system, the ABM-1 Galosh, defended Moscow, and NATO believed the USSR would continue to develop its effectiveness.
The 1972 Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty between the U.S. and the Soviet Union permitted each nation to have two ABM sites, each limited to 100 missiles, for a total of 200 ABMs per nation. A 1976 Protocol added to the ABM treaty further limited each nation to a single, 100 missile site.
The U.S. Department of Justice has accused Teodorin of carrying out "corruption schemes" and charging businesses illegal commissions. It has further charged him with extorting France's Isoroy, Spain's ABM, and Italy's Agroforestal. "He threatened timber companies, among them Isoroy and ABM, that refused to meet his payment demands," according to the charge.
The RBIG noted that an ABM system "demands such a high rate of fire from an active defense system, in order to intercept the numerous reentry bodies which arrive nearly simultaneously, that the expense of the required equipment may be prohibitive". They went on to question the "ultimate impossibility" of an ABM system.
In 2009, former Managing Director of the company, ABM Fazle Elahi, was charged with graft by the Anti-Corruption Commission.
Finally, the Hardsite concepts would cost about the same as the thin defense, and provide some protection against a certain class of counterforce attacks. None of these concepts appeared to be worth deploying, but there was considerable pressure from Congressional groups dominated by hawks who continued to force development of the ABM even when McNamara and President Johnson had not asked for it. The debate spilled over into the public and led to comments about an "ABM gap", especially by Republican Governor George W. Romney. The Air Force continued their opposition to the ABM concept, having previously criticized their earlier efforts in the press, but the construction of the A-35 ABM systems around Tallinn and Moscow overrode their opposition.
Abahlali baseMjondolo of the Western Cape Responds to the South African Communist Party Both the TAC and SACP are allied to the ANC while AbM at first rejected all political parties and boycotted elections under the slogan No Land! No House! No Vote!. However, in 2014, AbM announced its electoral support for the Democratic Alliance.
ABM Industries Inc. is a facility management provider in the United States. ABM was founded in 1909 by Morris Rosenberg in San Francisco, California, as a single-person window washing business. As of 2013 the company is one of the largest facility management providers with over 130,000 employees, over 350 offices, and various international locations.
The radar was not compliant with the 1972 ABM treaty as this forbade multifunction radars. The Volga was in breach of this as it was designed to guide anti- ballistic missiles (an 'ABM radar') as well as acting as an early warning radar. As the United States had managed to get the Daryal radar at Yeniseysk demolished for being in breach of the treaty the Soviet Union removed ABM radar abilities from the Volga as it was being built. Work on the radar stopped in 1991 when the Soviet Union collapsed.
Henrik Slipsager became the president and Chief Executive Officer of ABM Industries in November 2000. Divestitures were made including selling Amtech Elevator in 2003 and CommAir Mechanical in 2005. ABM acquired Lakeside Building Maintenance in 2002; Security Services of America in 2004; and four janitorial companies—Colin Service Systems in the Northeast; Initial Cleaning Services' janitorial operations in Maryland; HGO in Philadelphia; and Brandywine Building Services in the Delaware, southeast Pennsylvania and south New Jersey area. 17 ABM employees were killed at the World Trade Center during the September 11 attacks.
Roy is currently the Patron for Radio City 1386AM – The ABM University Health Board's Radio Service based in Singleton Hospital, Swansea.
Wizard ABM efforts ended. Through the early 1950s, the entire ABM concept was largely ignored in favour of work on anti-aircraft systems. By 1954, Nike was beginning deployment and the Army was already beginning to explore advanced versions of the Nike concept that would emerge as the Hercules. Bomarc, meanwhile, was having considerable trouble at all levels.
Both forces were now in a direct fight to deliver an ABM system, even competing for the teams who would handle development.
Accountancy, Business, and Management (ABM) and Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) are the available academic strands for Senior High School students.
Museum Catharijneconvent in Utrecht houses a small panel painting with an Adoration of the Shepherds (ABM s355) that is attributed to the master.
Kissinger conducted extensive backchannel talks with Soviet Ambassador Anatoly Dobrynin over arms control negotiations and potential Soviet assistance in negotiations with North Vietnam. Seeking a bargaining chip in negotiations, Nixon funded development of MIRVs, which were not easily countered by existing anti-ballistic missile (ABM) systems. Arms control negotiations would thus center over ABM systems, MIRVs, and the various components of each respective country's nuclear arsenal. After over a year of negotiations, both sides agreed to the outlines of two treaties; one treaty would focus on ABM systems, while the other would focus on limiting nuclear arsenals.
ABM is an example of the alignment of sales and marketing teams.Kotler, Rackham and Krishnaswamy; Ending the War Between Sales and Marketing (2006) Harvard Business Review In the aligned model, organizations able to unite tactical marketing efforts with defined sales goals and use feedback from sales to identify new potential markets. For ABM to succeed, joint working relationship with sales is essential and marketing needs to be measuring and optimizing based on accounts. ABM is targeted at accounts (or companies as a whole) as opposed to traditional inbound marketing, which is targeted at leads (or people within these companies).
Caribbean Integrated Financial Services Inc. (CarIFS) is a Barbados-based ABM- network provider. Using the name CarIFS (for short), the company's offering allows customers of various financial institutions in Barbados to have 24-hour access to cash from their Bank Accounts via any CarIFS affiliated Automated Banking Machine (ABM) in the country. The Manager of Carifs is currently David Robinson.
Data were extracted independently by two raters. All analyses were conducted on intent- to-treat data. Results revealed that ABM produces a small but significant reduction in SAD symptoms (g = 0.27), reactivity to speech challenge (g = 0.46), and AB (g = 0.30). These effects were moderated by characteristics of the ABM procedure, the design of the study, and trait anxiety at baseline.
The Centre for Post-Graduate Studies (CPGS) is functioning under Orissa University of Agriculture and TechnologyOUAT homepage in Odisha, India. It offers four courses, MBA in Agribusiness Management (ABM),Dept. of ABM homepage Master in Bioinformatics, Master in Computer Application (MCA) and Master of Science in Microbiology. Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology (OUAT) Bhubaneswar, India is a multi faculty technical university.
These decoys would appear as warheads to an ABM, effectively requiring engagement of five times as many targets and rendering defense even less effective.
The exhibition is a direct answer to this challenge, and has received financial support from ABM. The exhibition ran from September 2006 to August 2007.
Reuters via Space.com. U.N. Opposes U.S. Plan for Antimissile Defense . 2 December 1999. On 14 June 2002, the United States withdrew from the ABM Treaty.
ABM Fazle Karim Chowdhury (November 6, 1954) is a Bangladesh Awami League politician and the incumbent Member of Parliament of Raozan upazila in Chittagong District.
Since that time, many hundreds of people around the world have contributed to the continued open source development of the suite of Swarm ABM tools.
Agent-based modeling (ABM) is a system in which a collection of agents independently interact on networks. Each individual agent is responsible for different behaviors that result in collective behaviors. These behaviors as a whole help to define the workings of the network. ABM focuses on human social interactions and how people work together and communicate with one another without having one, single "group mind".
Broad industry marketing is not targeted enough to attract the right segment of the target audience. The account-based marketing (ABM) strategy is managed by the marketing department and has a number of limitations. For example, corporate transactions often involve several decision makers, and presentation materials must be prepared for each of them. Contact provided by ABM strategy does not guarantee the continuation of business negotiations.
Such timing could be easily achieved with commercially available clocks. Congress again rejected the system. As part of the same position statement, Reagan spoke out against an ABM defense of the fields, stating "we do not wish to embark on any course of action that could endanger the current ABM treaty so long as it is observed by the Soviet Union". Sentry was cancelled in February 1983.
P, C. Internet-based attention modification for social anxiety: a randomised controlled comparison of training towards negative and training towards positive cues (SUBMITTED). According to a recent meta-analysis focusing on the clinical impact of Attention bias Modification (ABM) for alleviating Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD), ABM produces a small but significant reduction in SAD symptoms (g = 0.27), reactivity to speech challenge (g = 0.46), and attentional bias for threat (g = 0.30). These effects were moderated by characteristics of the ABM procedure, the design of the study, and trait anxiety at baseline. However, effects on secondary symptoms (g = 0.09) and SAD symptoms at 4-month follow-up (g = 0.09) were not significant.
ABM’s growth continued throughout the post-war years and the company went public in 1962 in the over-the-counter market with Ted serving as Chairman and Sydney as CEO. Ted remained involved with ABM until his death in 2010 serving on the Board of Directors and the late Sydney Rosenberg retired as a director in December 1997. In 1965, ABM went from the over-the-counter stock market to being listed on the American Stock Exchange, now known as NYSE Amex Equities. In the late 1960s, ABM acquired the companies later known as Ampco System Parking, CommAir Mechanical, Amtech Elevator Services and Amtech Lighting Services.
The Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty (ABM Treaty or ABMT) (1972—2002) was an arms control treaty between the United States and the Soviet Union on the limitation of the anti-ballistic missile (ABM) systems used in defending areas against ballistic missile-delivered nuclear weapons. Under the terms of the treaty, each party was limited to two ABM complexes, each of which was to be limited to 100 anti-ballistic missiles. Signed in 1972, it was in force for the next 30 years. In 1997, five years after the dissolution of the Soviet Union, four former Soviet republics agreed with the United States to succeed the USSR's role in the treaty.
In 1958, a plan for a 21-airman underground Air Force base on the Moon by 1968 was developed (Lunex Project). The Safeguard Program was deployed in the mid-1970s and was based on the Sentinel Program. Since the ABM treaty only allowed for construction of a single ABM facility to protect either the nation's capital city or an ICBM field, the Stanley R. Mickelsen Safeguard Complex was constructed near Nekoma, North Dakota to protect the Grand Forks ICBM facility. Though it was only operational as an ABM facility for less than a year, the Perimeter Acquisition Radar (PAR), one of Safeguard's components, was still operational as of 2005.
However, there was a concern in regards to the ABM treaty, involving its use of radars. In order to ensure ABM systems would be suitable for point defense only, the ABM treaty limited the number and placement of radar systems. LoADS had a radar with each missile, but these were very short-range and could not be considered part of a wide-area system, although observers suggested the Soviets would claim otherwise. More importantly, the 1974 amendment to the treaty required those radars to be in the vicinity of Grand Forks, which would not help MPS, which was located well over to the southwest.
One of the arguments in favor of Dense Pack was that it "lends itself to ABM defense a little better". Nevertheless, Reagan went on to state that "we do not wish to embark on any course of action that could endanger the current ABM treaty so long as it is observed by the Soviet Union... we do not wish to build even the minimal ABM system allowed us by the treaty." In February 1983, Sentry was officially cancelled. Work on the radar system continued and was later renamed the Terminal Imaging Radar, with an expanded mission to provide accurate tracks over a wide area.
This forced the Army to turn over its Jupiter systems to the Air Force, and to limit the range of their ABM and advanced anti-aircraft developments.
Actor and poet ABM Sohel Rashid, is the eldest out of 5 children of Father Martyr intellectual ABM Abdur Rahim and mother, craftswoman Mrs. Jharna Rahim. He was born on December 27, 1971 at Azimpur Maternity Hospital in the capital city, Paternal residence is in reputed Mollabari family of Ghatiyara village on the bank of Titas River of Basudev union at Brahmanbaria district. He completed his Hons, Masters in Management.
The Fan Ji (反击, meaning "counter strike") anti-ballistic missile (FJ ABM) was the missile used in the HQ-81 ABM system (ABMS), which was the land-based component of the 640-1 ABMS project. It, in turn, was part of the Chinese 640 ABMS project in the 1960s. Although the project was cancelled in March 1980, the experience gained helped China with its later ABMS development.
Soviet Premier Alexei Kosygin met with Johnson at the Glassboro Summit Conference. During his January 1967 budget speech, Johnson stated that he was willing to "take no action now" on an ABM system if the Soviets were willing to discuss ABM limitations. In March 1967 Johnson wrote to the Soviet leadership proposing formal talks. Premier Alexei Kosygin wrote back and stated that he was willing to meet on the issue.
In this basing mode, a system like Safeguard was of little use. If the Soviets needed to fire 4,500 warheads to ensure the destruction of the MX force, expending another 100 to soak up an ABM system was of little consequence. Through the 1970s a number of alternative concepts to defend the silos had been proposed. Richard Garwin outlined a series of alternatives to large-scale ABM systems like Safeguard.
François Sakama is a Vanuatuan footballer who plays as a midfielder for ABM Galaxy. Since 2017, he is also the assistant coach of the Vanuatu national football team.
ABM Nurul Alam or Abu Barek Mohammad Nurul Alam was a Bangladesh physician who was killed in the Bangladesh Liberation war. He is considered a martyr in Bangladesh.
Statement by MIT scientists about the anti-war protest walkout on March 4, 1969 From its inception in January 1969 SftP opposed the involvement of scientists in the military. SftP also challenged the established notion that organizations such as the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) and the American Physical Society (APS) can stay neutral vis a vis the Vietnam war. Early on, a number of SftP scientists mobilized against US Congress' Anti- Ballistic Missile (ABM) Program, arguing that the ABM was not feasible and the funds would be better spent on basic scientific research. On March 4, 1969 MIT scientists staged a mass walkout in protest of the ABM.
To ensure such an attack would fail, at least to the point where the Mutual Assured Destruction (MAD) would be maintained, a wide variety of basing options were considered that would guarantee the survival of at least dozens of MX's. One way to improve the survival of the ICBM force would be to actively defend it with an ABM system. However, the 1972 ABM treaty greatly limited the number and geographical deployment of any ABM, with the aim of preventing whole-country protection and thus ensuring MAD. LoADS addressed these limitations by being deployed along with the radars and engagement computers needed to make a successful attack at only very short ranges, or less.
In ABM the player defends six east coast cities against an endless onslaught of nuclear ICBMs, using anti-ballistic missiles launched from five silos stations in between the cities.
System A used the Dunay-2 designed by V Sosulnikov at NII-37 (which later became NIIDAR) as well as 3 homing radars and an ABM radar. The three homing radars (called RTN (NATO:Hen Egg)) were situated in an equilateral triangle with a length of . It could track missiles from a distance of about . The V-1000 launch position and the ABM radar (called RSV-PR (NATO: Hen Nest)) were located together.
In April 1969, Scientists and Engineers for Social and Political Action (SESPA), SftP's predecessor, held an orderly march of 250 physicists to the White House to protest the ABM. This type of activism among scientists in the US led to the anti-ABM treaty of 1972 with the Soviet Union. In the 1980s SftP opposed president Reagan's attempt to revive the arms race with the Soviet Union as well as the US involvement in Nicaragua.
ABM Treaty in 1972. By 1966 ABM development in the US had been a high priority project for a decade, and had constantly found itself at the disadvantage compared to improving ICBMs. In spite of tremendous technical advances, Nike-X was no more able to protect the US population than the Zeus had been in the 1950s. In spite of these problems being widely known, there was intense political pressure to deploy a system.
ABM provides facility services in areas such as electrical and lighting, energy, facility engineering, HVAC and mechanical, janitorial services, landscape and grounds, parking and transportation. ABM's services also include energy efficiency and sustainability such as building improvements, electric vehicle charging stations, and renewable energy solutions. Green solutions designed to help building owners attain LEED and Energy Star certifications are also services that ABM focuses on to assist in lowering energy usage and reducing carbon emissions.
Technical, economic and political problems described resulted in the ABM treaty of 1972, which restricted the deployment of strategic (not tactical) anti-ballistic missiles. By the ABM treaty and a 1974 revision, each country was allowed to deploy a mere 100 ABMs to protect a single, small area. The Soviets retained their Moscow defences. The U.S. designated their ICBM sites near Grand Forks Air Force Base, North Dakota, where Safeguard was already under advanced development.
In addition to these roles, Patriot has been given the function of the U.S. Army's anti-ballistic missile (ABM) system, which is now Patriot's primary mission. The system is expected to stay fielded until at least 2040. Patriot uses an advanced aerial interceptor missile and high- performance radar systems. Patriot was developed at Redstone Arsenal in Huntsville, Alabama, which had previously developed the Safeguard ABM system and its component Spartan and hypersonic speed Sprint missiles.
In the last few years, the agent-based modeling (ABM) community has developed several practical agent based modeling toolkits that enable individuals to develop agent-based applications. More and more such toolkits are coming into existence, and each toolkit has a variety of characteristics. Several individuals have made attempts to compare toolkits to each other (see references). Below is a chart intended to capture many of the features that are important to ABM toolkit users.
ABM Shahjahan (-8 May 2018) is a Jatiya Party (Ershad) politician and the former Member of Parliament of Bogra-3. He was the organizer of the Liberation War of Bangladesh.
Retrieved on 4 December 2011. They also said that the SACP's attack was really due to the movement's insistence on organising autonomously from the African National Congress.Abahlali baseMjondolo of the Western Cape Responds to the South African Communist Party . Abahlali.org (18 October 2010). Retrieved on 4 December 2011. After the strike by AbM Western Cape, there were some protests in TR section of Khayelitsha in which vehicles were damaged. AbM WC ascribed these protests to the ANC Youth LeagueThe Protests in TR Section Today Are Organised by the ANC Youth League and Not by AbM Western Cape . Khayelitshastruggles.com (12 November 2010). Retrieved on 4 December 2011. as did Helen Zille and the Youth League itself.Ungovernability in Cape Town . Politicsweb.co.za. Retrieved on 4 December 2011.
' It notes that research is hampered by small, low-quality trials and by risk of publication bias. Likewise, a recent meta-analysis has found that although attention bias modification (ABM) can be used as a treatment for several primary characteristics of social anxiety disorder (SAD), the durability of treatment and inability to treat secondary symptoms has been raised as potential issues. In this meta-analysis, the authors assessed the efficacy of ABM for SAD on symptoms, reactivity to speech challenge, attentional bias (AB) toward threat, and secondary symptoms at posttraining as well as SAD symptoms at 4-month follow-up. A systematic search in bibliographical databases uncovered 15 randomized studies involving 1043 individuals that compared ABM to a control training procedure.
During 2014, Ansar Bait al-Maqdis (ABM) sent emissaries to ISIL in Syria to seek financial support, weapons and tactical advice. On 10 November 2014, many members of ABM took an oath of allegiance to Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, the leader of ISIL. It adopted the name Sinai Province and has since carried out attacks, mostly in North Sinai, but also in other parts of Egypt. Security officials say militants based in Libya have established ties with Sinai Province.
Two Daryal-U type radars were to be built at sites in Balkhash and Mishelevka, Irkutsk, neither were completed. In 1999 the American Clinton administration offered financial assistance in completing the Mishelevka facility in exchange for amending the ABM treaty to allow US deployment of a national missile defense system. Russia rejected this proposal and in 2002 the US unilaterally withdrew from the ABM treaty. The Mishelevka Daryal was started in 1979 and construction ended in 1984.
Agent- based modeling (ABM) is the simulation of agents (humans and social systems) based on a series of specified inputs. It models how humans (agents) and societies respond to inputs and stresses. For example, archaeologists working on social interactions in the Roman world used ABM to understand how social exchange affected the development of Roman expansionism in different regions. Elsewhere, archaeologists working on human subsistence mechanisms modeled how economics affected social complexity in Eastern North America.
Business & Industry, Education, Healthcare, Technology & Manufacturing, and Technical Solutions. The company also centralized key business functional support areas (Finance, HR, Marketing, Legal, etc.) and created a central shared services function to drive greater effectiveness and efficiency. As part of the 2020 Vision strategy, ABM divested assets of the business no longer strategic to the company’s Vision. ABM sold its Security Business to a division of Universal Services of America in October 2015 [36] for $131 million.
India's credible minimum deterrence envisaged a nuclear triad of counter-strike capability which required a long-range missile to provide robust second strike capability. India developed a larger missile, with a heavier payload and longer range in a compact configuration. Driven by the need for retaliation to defeat emerging anti-ballistic missile (ABM) defence and countermeasures, this capability requires a compact missile which can carry ABM payloads and weapons in a configuration similar to a MIRV.
He had little federal experience, and the launch of Sputnik left him little time to ease into the position. Shortly after taking office, McElroy formed a panel to investigate ABM issues. The panel examined the Army and Air Force projects, and found the Zeus program considerably more advanced than Wizard. McElroy told the Air Force to stop work on ABM missiles and use Wizard funding for the development of long-range radars for early warning and raid identification.
There are three available program offerings (also known as "tracks") for senior high school students: Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM), Accountancy, Business and Management (ABM), and Humanities and Social Sciences (HUMMS).
In 1959 the Air Force cancelled Wizard, stating that any ABM system was less cost effective than building more ICBMs. These arguments would also be directed against Zeus, which was cancelled in 1963.
The goal of an ABM is to search for explanatory insight into the collective behavior of agents (which don't necessarily need to be "intelligent") obeying simple rules, typically in natural systems, rather than in solving specific practical or engineering problems. The terminology of ABM tends to be used more often in the science, and MAS in engineering and technology. Applications where multi-agent systems research may deliver an appropriate approach include online trading, disaster response, target surveillance and social structure modelling.
Facing an ABM system, the Soviets would change their targeting priorities to maximize damage, by attacking smaller, undefended cities for instance. Another solution was to drop their warheads just outside the range of the defensive missiles, upwind of the target. Ground bursts would throw enormous amounts of radioactive dust into the air, causing fallout that would be almost as deadly as a direct attack. This would make the ABM system essentially useless unless the cities were also extensively protected from fallout.
Originally, at least seven Daryal facilities were planned, however, only the first two facilities completed, Pechora and Gabala, were ever operational. Two Daryal-U type were to be built at sites in Balkhash and Mishelevka, Irkutsk; neither were completed. The US Clinton administration offered financial assistance in completing the Mishelevka facility in exchange for amending the ABM treaty to allow US deployment of a national missile defense system. Russia rejected this proposal and in 2002 the US unilaterally withdrew from the ABM treaty.
Chavez is a Director of two Fortune 1000 companies, Pilgrim's Pride and ABM Industries. Pilgrim's Pride is the largest poultry producer in the United States, and ABM Industries is the 2nd largest property management company in the United States. Chavez is a past Board member of Greyhound Lines as well as the Foundation for Teaching Economics. Chavez sits on the Boards of several non-profit organizations, including the Campaign to Prevent Teen Pregnancy,The National Campaign To Prevent Teen Pregnancy.
Construction on PAR-1 in North Dakota began in April 1970, and PAR-2 in Montana in May. Extensive testing was carried out over the next year at GE's Syracuse offices, while the Army Corps of Engineers installed the heavy equipment. Work continued until August 1972 when the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT) agreements were signed. As part of SALT, the ABM Treaty limited each country to only two ABM sites, one protecting the nation's capital, and one protecting a missile field.
From about 1950 to the early 1970s, the site was the location of Eastern Rubber Reclaiming, a rubber recycling facility. The property owner, Melvin Wade, turned the site into an illegal industrial waste storage and disposal facility which operated until 1978. ABM Disposal Company paid Wade $1.00 to $1.50 per 55-gallon drum to store industrial waste on his property. ABM Disposal was not regulated by the state and had a long criminal record of dumping abuses in the Philadelphia area.
It was postponed a number of times to protest American military actions in Iraq and Kosovo, as well as to oppose the expansion of NATO in Eastern Europe. As the years passed, the treaty became less relevant and both sides started to lose interest in it. For the Americans, the main issue became the ABM Treaty, which forbade the deployment of a nationwide missile defense system. The United States withdrew from the ABM Treaty in June 2002, a move which Russia fiercely opposed.
ABM agents may experience "learning", adaptation, and reproduction. Most agent-based models are composed of: (1) numerous agents specified at various scales (typically referred to as agent-granularity); (2) decision-making heuristics; (3) learning rules or adaptive processes; (4) an interaction topology; and (5) an environment. ABMs are typically implemented as computer simulations, either as custom software, or via ABM toolkits, and this software can be then used to test how changes in individual behaviors will affect the system's emerging overall behavior.
Earlier anti- ballistic missile (ABM) systems like Nike Zeus had the problem that they cost more than the ICBMs they were designed to shoot down; the United States would have to purchase $20 worth of interceptors for every $1 the Soviets spent on new ICBMs. In such a situation, the Soviets could defeat any possible ABM deployment simply by building more missiles, and this was a major argument against ABM systems in the 1960s and 70s. This led Paul Nitze to propose what became known as the Nitze criteria; to be successful, the marginal cost of adding to the defense had to be less than the cost of adding to the offence. If this is not true, then the simplest response to any new defense system is simply to build more offensive missiles.
Nike-X called for the deployment of a heavy defensive system around major US cities with the intent of seriously blunting the effect of any Soviet strike. A number of operations researchers, notably US Air Force General Glenn Kent, used Prim–Read to conclusively demonstrate that the cost of reducing damage back to a given level was always more than the cost of causing additional damage by building more ICBMs. The outcome of these studies suggested that any US deployment of an ABM system would result in the USSR building a small number of additional missiles to defeat it. Assuming the Soviets would come to the same conclusion, Robert McNamara became highly critical of any large-scale ABM system, and began efforts that would ultimately lead to the ABM treaty in 1972.
The 1990s were especially notable for the expansion of ABM within the social sciences, one notable effort was the large-scale ABM, Sugarscape, developed by Joshua M. Epstein and Robert Axtell to simulate and explore the role of social phenomena such as seasonal migrations, pollution, sexual reproduction, combat, and transmission of disease and even culture. Other notable 1990s developments included Carnegie Mellon University's Kathleen Carley ABM, to explore the co-evolution of social networks and culture. During this 1990s timeframe Nigel Gilbert published the first textbook on Social Simulation: Simulation for the social scientist (1999) and established a journal from the perspective of social sciences: the Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation (JASSS). Other than JASSS, agent- based models of any discipline are within scope of SpringerOpen journal Complex Adaptive Systems Modeling (CASM).
Film Magazine program 'Jhilmil' has been broadcast for five years on BTV which was researched, written and performed by ABM Sohel Rashid. He was also Senior Joint convener, Bangladesh Online Film Activist Association (BOFAA).
Gastil received his BA (social relations, 1953), MA (Middle Eastern Studies, 1956) and PhD (Social Science, 1959) from Harvard University.Why ABM?:Policy issues in the missile defense controversy, Holst and Schneider, eds. (Pergamon, 1969).
ABM (standing for Anti-Ballistic Missile) is a clone of Atari, Inc.'s Missile Command arcade game for the 32K Apple II. It was programmed by Silas Warner and published by Muse Software in 1980.
The building was designed by ABM Architects. When completed the building housed five district courts, nine magistrates courts, a central registry, accommodation for 13 magistrates, six judges, and a watchhouse which contains cells for 68 detainees.
Dhaka Attack () is a Bangladeshi action thriller film produced by Dhaka Police Paribar Kallayan Samity Ltd., Three Wheelers Ltd. and Splash Multimedia. It features Taskeen Rahman, Arifin Shuvo, Mahiya Mahi and ABM Sumon in lead roles.
The Senior High School (SHS) is a new department to cater the Senior High Schools Students under the K-12 Program. Currently there are three tracks/stands offer in the university namely: STEM, ABM, and HUMSS.
After playing in Fiji he returned to Vanuatu to play for ABM Galaxy F.C.. He scored 4 goals in 5 matches in 2019 Port Vila FA Cup, helping Galaxy to be 2019 PVFA Cup runner- up.
Thakin Kyaw Tun was born in AlLaBote village, Htantabin Township, Insein District by U Bo Sa and Daw Ohn in 1915. He studied at Buddhist English-Burmese School Thar Yawaddy, Tharyawaddy ABM and Insein High Schools respectively.
ABM, both in Sinai and in the mainland, had consequently split between members loyal to ISIL and some others linked to al-Qaeda. Ashmawy's mainland operations were gradually taken over by Wilayat Sinai commander Ashraf al-Gharably.
Chowdhry's son, A.B.M. Fazle Karim Chowdhury, is a member of Bangladesh Parliament. His other son, ABM Fazle Rashid Chowdhury Hiru, was a lawyer. His youngest son,A B M Fazle Shahid Chowdhury is a well-renowned businessman.
Pratt played his fretted 5-string and fretless 4-string Status headless basses, the amber Spector NS2, the burgundy mist "Betsy" 1963 Jazz Bass and two Precision Basses (a 2-colour sunburst 1958 and a "single-coil pickup" butterscotch blonde 1951) during the Pulse concerts in 1994. Pratt was seen playing Aria SB series and fretless Steinberger L2/Xl headless basses during his stint in Icehouse. His amps are usually Ashdown ABM heads and Ashdown ABM 810 Cabinets, although when playing with Gilmour they are WEM-badged to match Gilmour's cabinets.
Unveiled in 2006, the ABM project was a surprise to many observers. While DRDO had revealed some details about the project over the years, its progress had been marked by strict secrecy, and the project itself was unlisted, and not visible among DRDO's other programmes. The ABM project has benefited from all the incremental improvements achieved by the DRDO and its associated industrial partners via the long-running and often contentious Akash missile and Trishul missile programmes. However, it is a completely new programme, with much larger scope and with predominantly new subsystems.
Those same fallout shelters would save many lives on their own, to the point that the ABM seemed almost superfluous. While reporting to Congress on the issue in the spring of 1964, McNamara noted: Under any reasonable set of assumptions, even an advanced system like Nike-X offered only marginal protection and did so for huge costs. Around 1965, the ABM became what one historian calls a "technology in search of a mission". In early 1965, the Army launched a series of studies to find a mission concept that would lead to deployment.
The project took place during an extended debate about the nature of the defence, ongoing since 1947. By the late 1950s, the plan was to move the deterrent from the V bomber fleet to the silo-based Blue Streak IRBM. It was believed the Soviets would be able to directly attack these by about 1970, and an ABM would be needed to retain the deterrent. Protecting the silos required a new ABM with improved performance, but the cancellation of the Blue Streak in 1960 ended much of the system's raison d'être.
Further development continued, and the A-35 anti-ballistic missile system, designed to protect Moscow, became operational in 1971. A-35 was designed for exoatmospheric interceptions, and would have been highly susceptible to a well-arranged attack using multiple warheads and radar black-out techniques. A-35 was upgraded during the 1980s to a two-layer system, the A-135. The Gorgon (SH-11/ABM-4) long-range missile was designed to handle intercepts outside the atmosphere, and the Gazelle (SH-08/ABM-3) short-range missile endoatmospheric intercepts that eluded Gorgon.
The development of multiple independently targetable reentry vehicle (MIRV) systems allowed a single ICBM to deliver as many as ten separate warheads at a time. An ABM defense system could be overwhelmed with the sheer number of warheads. Upgrading it to counter the additional warheads would be economically unfeasible: The defenders required one rocket per incoming warhead, whereas the attackers could place 10 warheads on a single missile at a reasonable cost. To further protect against ABM systems, the Soviet MIRV missiles were equipped with decoys; R-36M heavy missiles carried as many as 40.
The ABM treaty limited each country to two ABM sites, while the Interim Agreement froze each country's number of intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs) and submarine-launched ballistic missiles (SLBMs) at current levels for five years. This treaty significantly reduced nuclear-related costs as well as the risk of nuclear war. However, SALT I failed to address how many nuclear warheads could be placed on one missile. A new technology, known as multiple-independently targetable re-entry vehicle (MIRV), allowed single missiles to hold and launch multiple nuclear missiles at targets while in mid- air.
One major problem with the Safeguard Program, and past ABM systems, was that the interceptor missiles, though state-of-the-art, required nuclear warheads to destroy incoming ICBMs. Future ABMs will likely be more accurate and use hit-to-kill or conventional warheads to knock down incoming warheads. The technology involved in such systems was shaky at best, and deployment was limited by the ABM treaty of 1972. In 1983, American president Ronald Reagan proposed the Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI), a space-based system to protect the United States from attack by strategic nuclear missiles.
The PAR and other systems were collectively known as the Stanley R. Mickelsen Safeguard Complex. With the signing of the ABM Treaty in 1972, the U.S. was limited to a single ABM base protecting missile fields, and a second partially completed PAR in Montana was abandoned in-place. In 1975 the House Appropriations Committee voted to close Mickelsen and shut down Safeguard, which occurred in July 1976. After Mickelsen was shut down, the Air Force's Aerospace Defense Command took over the PAR site and re-activated it in 1977 in the early warning role.
These above issues drove the United States and the USSR to sign the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty of 1972. Under the ABM treaty and the 1974 revision of it, each country was allowed to deploy a single ABM system with only 100 interceptors to protect a single target. The Soviets deployed a system named the A-35 "Galosh" missile system, and it was deployed to protect Moscow, its capital city. The U.S. deployed the Safeguard system to defend the ICBM launch sites around the Grand Forks Air Force Base, North Dakota, in 1975.
A single ABM could conceivably destroy all three through neutron flux. Developing warheads that were less sensitive to these attacks was a major area of research in the US and UK during the 1960s. Some sources claim that the neutron flux attack was also the main design goal of the various nuclear-tipped anti-aircraft weapons like the AIM-26 Falcon and CIM-10 Bomarc. One F-102 pilot noted: It has also been suggested that neutron flux's effects on the warhead electronics are another attack vector for ER warheads in the ABM role.
The Jaguar core has support for the following instruction sets and instructions: MMX, SSE, SSE2, SSE3, SSSE3, SSE4a, SSE4.1, SSE4.2, AVX, F16C, CLMUL, AES, BMI1, MOVBE (Move Big-Endian instruction), XSAVE/XSAVEOPT, ABM (POPCNT/LZCNT), and AMD-V.
Likewise, its senior high school offers two tracks with three strands. The academic track includes STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics), ABM (Accounting and Business Management), and ICT (Information and Communications Technology) under the TVL (Technical- vocational) strand.
The Army thus developed LoADS strictly as a technology demonstration program, with the option of rapid construction in case the ABM treaty ended. Costs of a deployed system was estimated to be $8.63 billion in 1980 ( billion in ).
Saint Jude Catholic School offers Senior High School education. They offer academic strands such as ABM (Accountancy and Business Management), STEM specialized in Engineering (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics), STEM specialized in Biology, and HUMSS (Humanities and Social Sciences).
A further write off amounted to another £10 million that same year.Dalgety's small step towards better times. The Times, Tuesday, September 16, 1986; pg. 34; Issue 62564 £30 million was realised from the sale of ABM Chemicals to RTZ.
MK 30-2/ABM MK 30-2/ABM muzzle with a measurement and programming component. The device consists of coils for inductive measurement of the projectile's initial velocity and for programming the electronic fuze. The primary armament is a Rheinmetall 30 mm MK 30-2/ABM (Air Burst Munitions) autocannon, which has a rate of fire of 200 rounds per minute and an effective range of 3,000 m. The smaller 30×173mm cartridge offers major weight saving advantages for example in comparison to the Bofors 40 mm gun mounted on the CV9040 because of a much lower ammunition size and weight. The belt feed system also gives a large number of rounds ready to fire, while the 40mm offers only 24 shots per magazine. This is not a problem in a CV9040, but would force the Puma off the battlefield to reload the unmanned turret.
A successful attack would have to be property timed, and while such a thing was certainly not difficult to arrange, the attack would be stretched out enough that the US would have time to launch a counterattack. Even in that case, Swarmjet itself would be able to handle multiple interceptions given enough time, further complicating the attack. A major downside to the Swarmjet proposal is that by any reasonable reading of the ABM Treaty it was illegal; the treaty states that "Each Party undertakes not to deploy ABM systems for the defense of the territory of its country and not to provide a base for such defense, and not to deploy ABM system for defense of an individual region except as provided for in Article III of this Treaty." Article III, amended in 1974, limited the US to a single defended area, the Minuteman missile fields near Grand Forks, North Dakota.
Like Jaguar, the Puma core has support for the following instruction sets and instructions: MMX, SSE, SSE2, SSE3, SSSE3, SSE4a, SSE4.1, SSE4.2, AVX, F16C, CLMUL, AES, BMI1, MOVBE (Move Big-Endian instruction), XSAVE/XSAVEOPT, ABM (POPCNT/LZCNT), and AMD-V.
John A. Osborne Airport is the only airport on the island. Scheduled service to Antigua is provided by FlyMontserrat Retrieved on 16 May 2019 and ABM Air. Retrieved on 16 May 2019. Charter flights are also available to the surrounding islands.
Vympel NPO is a Russian research and production company based near Moscow, mostly known for their air-to-air missiles. Other projects include SAM and ABM defenses. It was started in the Soviet era as an OKB (experimental design bureau).
Activity-based management (ABM) is a method of identifying and evaluating activities that a business performs, using activity-based costing to carry out a value chain analysis or a re-engineering initiative to improve strategic and operational decisions in an organization.
Kennedy, T., & Bull, R. (2000). The great debate. Management Accounting, p. 78 ABM can give middle managers an understanding of costs to other teams to help them make decisions that benefit the whole organization, not just their activities' bottom line.
The company sells weighing equipment, as well as cold cut slicers and electronic labels. Some of its products are manufactured, while others are resold from other brands including ABM, Cargoscan, Datalogic, Mettler-Toledo, Measurement Systems International, Pricer, Wipotec, and Railweight.
Pirganj has one pourasava with 9 Wards, 10 Unions with 90 Wards, 181 Mauzas/Mahallas, and 165 villages. The Unions are Bhomradaha, Koshhariganj, Khangaon, Saiyedpur, Pirganj, Hazipur, Daolatpur, Sengaon, Jaborhat, Boirchuna. The Upazila Nirbahi Officer is ABM Iftekharul Islam Khadakar.
Eisenhower was highly skeptical, questioning whether an effective ABM system could be developed in the 1960s. Another harsh critic on cost grounds was Edward Teller, who simply stated that the exchange ratio meant the solution was to build more ICBMs.
JS Kongō (DDG-173) firing a Standard Missile 3 anti-ballistic missile to intercept a target missile launched from the Pacific Missile Range Facility on December 17, 2007 After the North Korean Kwangmyŏngsŏng-1 satellite launching in August 1998, which some regarded as a ballistic missile test, the Japanese government decided to participate in the American anti- ballistic missile (ABM) defense program. In August 1999, Japan, Germany and the US governments signed a Memorandum of Understanding of joint research and development on the Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense System. In 2003, the Japanese government decided to deploy three types of ABM system, air defense vehicles, sea-based Aegis and land-based PAC-3 ABM. The four Kongō class Aegis destroyers of the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force were modified to accommodate the ABM operational capability.Japan’s Fleet BMD Upgrades , Defense Industry Daily, November 02, 2010 On December 17, 2007, successfully shot down a mock ballistic missile by its SM-3 Block IA, off the coast of Hawaii.Successful completion of the Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense (BMD) intercept flight test in Hawaii , Ministry of Defense, December 17, 2007 The first PAC-3 (upgraded version of the MIM-104 Patriot) firing test by the Japan Air Self-Defense Force was carried out in New Mexico on September 17, 2008.
Its initial transmit capacity was 50 MW with a target capacity of 350 MW. Originally, at least seven Daryal facilities were planned, however, only the first two facilities completed, Pechora and Gabala, were ever operational. Two Daryal-U type were to be built at sites in Balkhash and Mishelevka, Irkutsk, neither were completed. The US Clinton administration offered financial assistance in completing the Mishelevka facility in exchange for amending the ABM treaty to allow US deployment of a national missile defense system. Russia rejected this proposal and in 2002 the US unilaterally withdrew from the ABM treaty.
The U.S. commitments under the Anti-Ballistic Missile (ABM) Treaty prevented the development and construction of adequate ABM installations around its nuclear missile silos. Therefore, it was decided that new and unconventional strategies for protecting these military assets from a sneak-attack had to be developed. The original concept had been to place the MX missile silos on the reverse side of tall hills or mesas. Enemy warheads approach at an angle of about 25 degrees above horizontal, so if the slope of the hill was greater, the warhead would impact the hill short of the silo.
The pile of loose boulders at the south end of the pluton which contains the ringing rocks is called a tor. The reason the tor developed is that the OPM units are extremely resistant to weathering, and conversely the adjoining AM and ABM units are very weak. As the Dry Creek drainage began to erode the NW corner of the pluton, the softer AM and ABM units were quickly stripped away, leaving vertical thin walls of OPM units standing high above the surrounding landscape. Intense freezing and thawing during the Pleistocene periglacial period slowly shattered the walls, much like breaking tempered glass.
In keeping with the theme of previous Nike projects, Sentinel introduced this new emblem featuring a Roman soldier. On 17 June 1967 the Chinese detonated their first hydrogen bomb as part of Test No. 6. McNamara saw this as a solution to the problem of deploying an ABM; the Nth Country system would provide a credible defense against a Chinese attack well into the 1970s while still being a relatively inexpensive system that would blunt further calls for a larger ABM deployment. On 18 September 1967, while visiting San Francisco, McNamara announced that the US would begin deploying of a "Chinese oriented" system.
From the closing to 1999, the company paid out more than NOK 100 million in dividend to the shareholders and was the company during that period to have the second-highest increase in share value increase on the Oslo Stock Exchange. Negotiations were started with Australian Bulk Minerals (ABM) for a leasing of the mine, the railway and other facilities. An agreement was signed in 1997, with the takeover date set to 31 December 1998. ABM had not secured financing by then, and new negotiations started in 1999, but the deal was laid dead in 2000.
In 1985, he quit the position and returned to private industry. Teller's continual presence in Washington soon came to the attention of his former friend, Hans Bethe. Bethe had worked with Teller on the H-bomb but had since gone on to become a major critic of the bomb industry, and especially ABM systems. He wrote several seminal articles in the 1960s that was highly critical of the US Army's efforts to build an ABM system, demonstrating that any such system was relatively inexpensive to defeat and would simply prompt the Soviets to build more ICBMs.
In 1909, Morris Rosenberg, the company's founder, began cleaning shopkeepers' windows in San Francisco, CA. The company took the name American Building Maintenance in 1913 and acquired Easterday Janitorial Supply Company in 1927. In the 1920s and 1930s, ABM grew its business on the West Coast by offering annual cleaning contracts to businesses. In 1921, ABM became the first janitorial contractor in America to clean a major college campus after contracting to clean Stanford University. When Morris Rosenberg died in 1935, his oldest son Theodore "Ted" Rosenberg became president and his younger son Sydney joined the company in 1937.
McNamara, a private ABM opponent because of cost and feasibility (see cost-exchange ratio), claimed that Sentinel would be directed not against the Soviet Union's missiles (since the USSR had more than enough missiles to overwhelm any American defense), but rather against the potential nuclear threat of the People's Republic of China. In the meantime, a public debate over the merit of ABMs began. Difficulties that had already made an ABM system questionable for defending against an all-out attack. One problem was the Fractional Orbital Bombardment System (FOBS) that would give little warning to the defense.
The US Army had been investigating ABM systems since the 1950s, briefly deploying Safeguard in the 1970s. As part of this research, ARPA had noticed that when used as a defensive system, ABMs had a distinct advantage. As the enemy warhead had to fall quite close to a missile silo to destroy it, and Soviet missiles were relatively inaccurate, an ABM system defending silos did not have to fire at every warhead, only those that could be seen falling close to the silos. This meant a small number of interceptors could be effective against a large number of enemy warheads.
The Americans countered with a proposal to eliminate all ballistic missiles within ten years, but required the right to deploy strategic defences against remaining threats afterwards. Gorbachev then suggested eliminating all nuclear weapons within a decade. Gorbachev, however, citing a desire to strengthen the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty (ABM Treaty), added the condition that any SDI research be confined to laboratories for the ten-year period in question. Reagan argued that his proposed SDI research was allowed by any reasonable interpretation of the ABM treaty, and that he could not forget the pledge he made to Americans to investigate whether SDI was viable.
On 26 September 2009, it was reported that a violent group chanting ethnic, pro-ANC and threatening slogans attacked an Abahlali baseMjondolo Youth Meeting (AbM-YL) in the Kennedy Road informal settlement in Durban, South Africa. The resulting violence left 2 people dead and hundreds or thousands displaced. Threatened with death, leadership of the AbM movement in Kennedy Road went into hiding.Report: Experiences of Abahlali baseMjondolo in Durban, South Africa , by Malavika Vartak, Development Planning Unit of University College LondonThe Work of violence:a timeline of armed attacks at Kennedy Road , Kerry Chance School of Development Studies Research Report, 83, July 2010.
Since Agent-Based Modeling is more of a modeling framework than a particular piece of software or platform, it has often been used in conjunction with other modeling forms. For instance, agent-based models have also been combined with Geographic Information Systems (GIS). This provides a useful combination where the ABM serves as a process model and the GIS system can provide a model of pattern. Similarly, Social Network Analysis (SNA) tools and agent-based models are sometimes integrated, where the ABM is used to simulate the dynamics on the network while the SNA tool models and analyzes the network of interactions.
There is a railway station 1 Km from the Bishrampur Market. The 18241 / 18242 Durg Ambikapur Express, the 11265 / 11266 Ambikapur Jabalpur Superfast Express pass through. Local trains, such as ABM, Ambikapur-Shahdol and Memu connecting with the cities Raipur, Anuppur, Bilaspur and Jabalpur.
Rahaman was elected to Parliament in 5 January 2014 as a Bangladesh Awami League candidate. On 18 February 2016, he criticised Awami League leader and former Mayor of Chittagong City, ABM Mohiuddin Chowdhury in Parliament for making comments critical of M. A. Latif of Chittagong.
After the completion of the ABM Missile Treaty Project, Thad returned to South Carolina to become the District Field Representative for former U.S. Congressman Henry Brown. He was also a Business Development Consultant. He graduated from University of South Carolina School of Law in 2007.
Dunay-3 (NATO: Dog House) radar receiver taken by US KH-7 spy satellite in 1967 The A-35 anti-ballistic missile system was a Soviet military anti- ballistic missile (ABM) system deployed around Moscow to intercept enemy ballistic missiles targeting the city or its surrounding areas. The A-35 was the only Soviet ABM system allowed under the 1972 Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty. In development since the 1960s and in operation from 1971 until the 1990s, it featured the nuclear-tipped A350 exoatmospheric interceptor missile. The A-35 was supported by the two Dunay radars (NATO: Cat House and Dog House) and the Soviet early warning system.
Summary of interactions between CD8+ T cells and Beta cells in Diabetes I Agent-based modeling (ABM) is a type of modelling where the components of the system that are being observed, are treated as discrete agents and represent an individual molecule or cell. The components - agents, called in this system, can interact with other agents and the environment. ABM has the potential to observe events on a multiscale level and is becoming more popular in other disciplines. It has been used for modelling the interactions between CD8+ T cells and Beta cells in Diabetes I and modelling the rolling and activation of leukocytes.
The original US Navy Polaris had not been designed to penetrate ABM defences, but the Royal Navy had to ensure that its small Polaris force operating alone, and often with only one submarine on deterrent patrol, could penetrate the ABM screen around Moscow. The Americans upgraded to Poseidon, which had MIRV warheads. Although it suffered from reliability problems that were not completely resolved until 1974, it represented a clear improvement over Polaris, and became the preferred option of the AWRE and the Admiralty. While it could not be carried by the ten George Washington- and boats, it could be accommodated on the British Resolution class.
To shoot that warhead down, the defender has to wait until it appears on radar, which typically happens only a few hundred miles from the target. This means a single defensive missile cannot be used to counter a single warhead; ABMs have to be deployed in a spread-out fashion so that one can respond no matter where the warhead appears. Even if a single ABM is needed to shoot down that single new missile, that single new ABM would be needed to be added to multiple bases depending on their range. For short-range weapons like the Sprint, dozens are needed for every new Soviet warhead.
156M was removed from normal passenger service in 1932, and replaced by 155M converted to ABM. It had its seating removed and the destination board replaced to show "parcels van", for use as a relief vehicle when any of the Tait CM coaches was unavailable. It spent the rest of its time as a pilot in Jolimont YardSeptember 1989 Newsrail, pg271 performing shunting around the sidings and in the workshops as required, and was fitted with a second pantograph by 1948. It was never recoded to ABM, and although officially struck from the register in 1963 (along with 113M) it continued to operate in service well into the 1980s.
For Box Hill, to Lilydale and Upper Ferntree Gully, 14 sets were operated as M-T-T-M-G-T-M (all Swing Door except the Tait G car), plus two sets of ABM-D for Camberwell to Alamein shuttles, totalling 88 vehicles out of 102.Newsrail April 1986 p.127 - correction Trains from Princes Bridge through Clifton Hill to Hurstbridge and Thomastown were formed by 13 M-T-T-M-BT-T-M sets plus three more with a Tait G substituting for the BT, and a set of M-Tait G-ABM for the Eltham to Hurstbridge shuttles, adding to 111 out of 115 carriages.
Rather than firing and landing in a normal arc, the DF-17's HGV suppresses its trajectory and accelerates to reach Mach 5. Due to its extreme speed and suppressed/lower altitude trajectory, intercepting the glide vehicle with ABM shielding becomes far harder and more complex than that of a conventional re- entry vehicle. This is further complicated, as the gliding makes the DF-ZF far more maneuverable; Ankit Panda (October 07, 2019) Hypersonic Hype: Just How Big of a Deal Is China’s DF-17 Missile? A conventional-weapons-only boost- glide HGV mounted on endo-atmospheric fuselage extending both its range and avoiding potential ABM shielding.
His wife later told the prosecution that she hadn't heard from him since the assassination attempt. Egyptian authorities have linked his name with several militant cells and operations throughout the following year, including the Arab Sharkas case and the 2014 Farafra ambush, which he had personally executed and previously planned while based in Ansar al-Sharia camps in Libya. Ashmawy was assigned the training of ABM recruits in 2014, and commanded the organization's cells in the Egyptian mainland. He fell out with ABM that same year, however, when it declared allegiance to the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) and became Wilayat Sinai.
A Polaris missile is launched by in 1986 The original U.S. Navy Polaris had not been designed to penetrate anti-ballistic missile (ABM) defenses, but the Royal Navy had to ensure that its small Polaris force operating alone, and often with only one submarine on deterrent patrol, could penetrate the ABM screen around Moscow. Britain's submarines featured the Polaris A3T missiles, a modification to the model of the Polaris used by the U.S. from 1968 to 1972. Similar concerns were present in the U.S. as well, resulting in a new American defense program. The program became known as Antelope, and its purpose was to alter the Polaris.
A detailed view of the beam-steering mechanism. The triangular platform at the top is fixed, and the azimuth arm rotates beneath it. To the right is the Gregorian sub-reflector, and to the left is the remains of the line feed tuned to 430 MHz (destroyed by Hurricane Maria). Also to the right is the catwalk and part of the rectangular waveguide that brings the 2.5 MW 430 MHz radar transmitter's signal up to the focal region. The origins of the observatory trace to late 1950s efforts to develop anti-ballistic missile (ABM) defences as part of the newly formed ARPA's ABM umbrella-effort, Project Defender.
START II did not enter into force. On 14 April 2000 the Duma did finally ratify the treaty, in a largely symbolic move since the ratification was made contingent on preserving the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty (ABM Treaty) and thereby preserving the long-standing principle of mutually assured destruction (MAD). To be specific, Russian ratification was made contingent on the U.S. Senate ratifying a September 1997 addendum to START II which included agreed statements on demarcation of strategic versus tactical missile defences. Neither of these occurred because of U.S. Senate opposition, where a faction objected to any action supportive of the existing ABM Treaty.
A variety of scenarios demonstrated that it was almost always the case that the offense had the advantage. The Air Force ignored this inconvenient problem while they were still working on Wizard, but as soon as the Army was handed sole control of the ABM efforts, they immediately submitted it to McElroy. McElroy identified this as an example of interservice fighting, but was concerned that the formula might be correct. For an answer, McElroy turned to the Re-entry Body Identification Group (RBIG), a sub-group of the Gaither Committee led by William E. Bradley, Jr. that had been studying the issue of penetrating a Soviet ABM system.
In the marketing of complex business propositions, account-based marketing plays a key role in expanding business within existing customer accounts (where, for example, wider industry marketing would not be targeted enough to appeal to an existing customer). In scenarios where the initial sale has taken several months, it is reported that account-based marketing delivers an increase in the long-term value of the customer.Account-based marketing: How it can help your company improve demand, awareness and profitability ABM can also be applied to key prospect accounts in support of the first sale. For example, Northrop Grumman employed ABM to aid in the completion of a successful $2 billion deal.
In 2017, a senior high school opened. The school offers three tracks; the Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) track; Accountancy, Business, and Management (ABM) track; and the Humanities and Social Sciences (HUMSS) track. The school is affiliated with the Davao Association of Private Schools and Administrators.
AbM responded by saying that their support for road blockades was not violent and that "We have never called for violence. Violence is harm to human beings. Blockading a road is not violence."Abahlali baseMjondolo of the Western Cape Replies to the Treatment Action Campaign . Abahlali.org.
The cognitive tasks utilized in ABM were originally designed for the assessment of attentional bias and later adapted as training tasks.Kuckertz, J. M., & Amir, N. (2017). Cognitive Bias Modification. In S. G. Hoffmann, & G. S.G. Asmundson (Eds.), The Science of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (pp. 463-491).
ABM Zahidul Haq (died 13 September 2008) was a Bangladesh Nationalist Party politician and a Jatiya Sangsad member representing the Kishoreganj-1 constituency during 1991-1996. He also served as the deputy minister of shipping in the same period. He founded Pakundia Adarsha Mohila College in 1993.
A recent development is the use of data-parallel algorithms on Graphics Processing Units GPUs for ABM simulation. The extreme memory bandwidth combined with the sheer number crunching power of multi-processor GPUs has enabled simulation of millions of agents at tens of frames per second.
The foundation stone for the existing new church structure was laid by The Rev. Louis F. Knoll, ABM on 14 November 1975 during the ministry of The Rev. K. Devadanam, STBC, exactly 100 years after the first structure was built. The church was appropriately named STBC- Centenary Baptist Church.
Masud Rana Dhongsho Pahar is an upcoming Bengali adventure Spy film directed by Asif Akbar. this film is based on Dhangsa Pahar of Qazi Anwar Hussain. The film is scheduled under the banner of Jaaz Multimedia. ABM Sumon was played the lead role of Bangladeshi fictional character Masud Rana.
The provision for CLABE standardization was issued by the Asociación de Bancos de México (ABM) (Mexican Bank Association) in conjunction with the Banco de México (Mexico's Central Bank). It ensures that the inter-bank fund transfers, payroll deposits, or automatic service charges are made to the correct accounts.
At first, new development was slowed. Then, several key projects deemed unnecessary were simply cancelled—the Fanji ABM system, the Xianfeng Anti- Missile Super Gun, the ICBM Early Warning Network 7010 Tracking Radar and the land-based high-power anti-missile laser program. Nevertheless, some development did proceed.
In 1952 he was taught at ABM school from first to fourth grade. He failed the fourth grade exam and had to retake during the two summer holidays. In 1956, he moved to the Ahlone Township. He attended fifth grade at Unit Karen School near Home Road Station.
The Reagan Test Site also serves as a tracking station for manned space flight and NASA research projects. Launch activities at the test site include ballistic missile tests, ABM interception tests, and meteorological sounding rockets. The Kwajalein Atoll used to host a commercial spaceport for SpaceX at Omelek Island.
Dennis R. Jenkins, "Stage-and-a-Half, The Atlas Launch Vehicle", To Reach the High Frontier (University Press of Kentucky, 2002) pp. 74-85 With this change in strategic threat from aircraft to missiles, in 1954 the Army contracted Johns Hopkins University's operational research office (ORO) to prepare a detailed report on an ABM capable of countering ICBMs. In 1955 they followed this with a contract with Bell Labs, who developed Nike and Hercules, to determine whether an ABM system was now within the state of the art. Bell took 18 months to deliver their response, stating that recent developments in radars, and especially transistorized computers, offered the range and performance needed for the mission.
Of additional interest to military planners was the possibility of using this effect as an offensive weapon. In the case of an attack by US forces on the Soviet Union, the southern conjugate locations are generally in the Indian Ocean, where they would not be seen by Soviet early warning radar. A series of explosions would cause a massive radar blackout over Russia, degrading its anti-ballistic missile (ABM) system without warning. Since these effects were expected to endure for up to five minutes, about the amount of time that a line-of-sight radar in Russia would have to see the warheads, careful timing of the attack could render the ABM system useless.
The Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant – Sinai Province (ISIL-SP; , ad- Dawlah al-Islāmiyah fī 'l-ʿIrāq wa-sh-Shām – Wilayah Sīnāʼ) is a militant Islamist group active in the Sinai Peninsula of Egypt. Ansar Bait al-Maqdis (ABM) has been part of the Sinai insurgency and had been especially active in the Sinai since 2011 after the deterioration of security there, focusing its efforts on Israel and the Arab gas pipeline to Jordan. After former Egyptian President Mohamed Morsi was deposed in the 2013 Egyptian coup d'état, Egypt also began conducting a crackdown on jihadist groups in Sinai and elsewhere. ABM and other jihadist groups intensified their campaign of attacks on Egyptian security forces.
In anti-ballistic missile (ABM) defence the cost-exchange ratio is the ratio of the incremental cost to the aggressor of getting one additional warhead through the defence screen, divided by the incremental cost to the defender of offsetting the additional missile. For instance, a single new ICBM might require a single new ABM to counter it, and if they both cost the same, the cost-exchange ratio would be 1:1. Throughout the Cold War, the cost-exchange ratio was almost always strongly in favor of the offense. Some of this has to do with the fact that an ICBM can be aimed at any target, which the defender cannot know in advance.
Building Energy is present in the United States with an office located in Washington, DC. In May 2013, the company signed a collaboration agreement with ABM, a NYSE-listed facility company. Building Energy designed and built a 1.2 MW photovoltaic plant in Baltimore, MD, one of the larger projects in the metropolitan area. The solar farm is connected to the Washington Gas Energy utility and produces 1.5 million KWh per year, serving both the local community, and the health care and assistance centres of the Glen Meadows Retirement Company. Building Energy, in partnership with ABM, designed and built the 2MW photovoltaic farm at the Cornell University, which was connected to the NYSEG utility in September 2014.
Prim–Read theory, or Prim–Read defense, was an important development in game theory that led to radical changes in the United States' views on the value of anti-ballistic missile (ABM) systems. The theory assigns a certain cost to deploying defensive missiles and suggests a way to maximize their value in terms of the amount of damage they could reduce. By comparing the cost of various deployments, one can determine the relative amount of money needed to provide a defense against a certain number of ICBMs. The theory was first introduced in the late 1950s and might have been lost to history had it not been picked up during the debate on the Nike-X ABM.
The PAR design traces its history to the Nike-X ABM program of the early 1960s. Nike-X was at attempt to address problems with the earlier Nike Zeus ABM system, which could only attack three or four missiles at a time due to its use of mechanically steered radars. The Weapons Systems Evaluation Group predicted that the Zeus system could be penetrated with a 90% probability simply by firing four warheads at it, a small cost to destroy a base that would hold as many as a hundred missiles. Bell Labs proposed replacing the Zeus radars with a phased array system in 1960, and were given the go-ahead for development in June 1961.
In order to be sure the MX was hit, the Soviets would have to attack every shelter with two warheads, assuming one would be lost to the LoADS. For a typical 23-site MPS, 46 warheads would be needed, so if LoADS remained within the 100-interceptor limit of the ABM treaty, 4,600 warheads would be needed to attack just one-half of the 200-strong MX fleet, leaving 100 missiles and 1,000 warheads in the US counterattack. An attack against the entire fleet would require them to break the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks limits on the number of offensive warheads. This proposal, for the first time, made a solid argument for ABM deployment as a counterforce weapon.
The Rutland and Melton Constituency Association has received £12,166.66 in donations since 2006. Duncan has received corporate donations from The Biz Club (£6,000, 2006–09), Midland Software Holdings Ltd (£8,000, 2007–09), and ABM Holdings Limited (£1,500, 2009). Duncan has also had tens of thousands of pounds from private individual donors.
BOMARC alerts ended in 1972, and the post-Vietnam war drawdown closed most CONUS NIKE missile sites during the 1974 Project Concise. At the very end of the command's existence, the SAFEGUARD ABM system was being deployed. It became operational on October 1, 1975. CONAD was disestablished on June 30, 1975.
The Air Force noted that the Soviets could do the same to Nike-X; it cost much more to defend against additional Soviet warheads than build the warheads. McNamara feared that deploying any ABM would lead to another arms race, one that would increase the odds of an accidental war.
Another two sets were published by AMD: ABM (Advanced Bit Manipulation, which is also a subset of SSE4a implemented by Intel as part of SSE4.2 and BMI1), and TBM (Trailing Bit Manipulation, an extension introduced with Piledriver-based processors as an extension to BMI1, but dropped again in Zen-based processors).
Tangerine will waive the international ABM access fee and Global ATM Alliance members will waive any terminal convenience or usage fees for any withdrawal transactions performed at Global ATM Alliance machines with a Tangerine client card. "Free access" does not apply to Scotiabank ABMs in Costa Rica, Haiti, Panama or Uruguay.
The teams of data farmers are assigned a specific area of study, such as robotics, homeland security, and disaster relief. Different forms of data farming are experimented with and utilized by each group, such as the Pythagoras ABM, the Logistics Battle Command model, and the agent-based sensor effector model (ABSEM).
Equities and bonds listed and traded from 1881. Oslo Axess was established in May 2007 as an alternative to Oslo Børs for listing and trading in shares. Nordic ABM was established in June 2005 as an alternative bond market. Merkur Market is a multilateral trading facility and was established in January 2016.
The church was established on 14 November 1875 by American Baptist Foreign Mission Society led by The Rev. W. W. Campbell, ABM, a Baptist missionary. The first member of the congregation was Richard B. Clayburn, who was baptized on 5 December 1875. The first native Pastor Bezwada Paul, STBC was appointed in 1895.
Martin is a member of Kaiser Aluminum, Marcus & Millichap, QuadReal Property Group and the not- for-profit Yale Union boards. She was on the board of ABM, HCP, Heller Financial, Jones Lang LaSalle, and on the KeyCorp board from 2004 until 2010 and on the Gables Residential Trust board from 1994 to 2005.
U.S. Withdrawal From the ABM Treaty. From Russia's point of view, the US withdrawal from the agreement, which ensured strategic parity between the parties, destroyed hopes for a new partnership.Vladimir Poutine et son quart d’heure de gloire by André Liebich. Russia opposed the expansion of NATO which happened at the 2002 Prague summit.
The team endured a great battle and friendly rivalry with ABM Racing Adrian Kidd and Barry Pritchard. Adrian Kidd won the championship in 2004, and Barry Pritchard in 2005 The team then ran Adrian Kidd's 16-year-old son Ben Kidd in the inaugural season of SAXMAX in 2006 after sadly Adrian died.
Initial approaches to CA proposed robust calibration approaches based on stochastic, Monte Carlo methods. ABM approaches rely on agents' decision rules (in many cases extracted from qualitative research base methods such as questionnaires). Recent Machine Learning Algorithms calibrate using training sets, for instance in order to understand the qualities of the built environment.
After graduating from Rangoon College in 1913, Ba Maw began working as a teacher at Rangoon Government High School and later at ABM school. In 1917, he got an MA from the University of Calcutta, and became the first English lecturer at Rangoon University where he worked for the next four years.
Subsequently, the project was formally named Project 640 (640工程), because the requirement was formally issued in 1964. However, Project 640 was seriously disrupted by political turmoil in China, namely the Cultural Revolution that erupted in 1966. Further complications arose due to the complexity of the project. In August 1969, the project was reorganized into several major sections, each with its own design function. Project 640 was divided into space-borne systems, which included CK-1 (长空一号 meaning Vast Sky # 1, with CK = Chang Kong), ELINT satellite, and FW-1 (反卫一号, meaning anti-satellite # 1 with FW = Fai Wei) anti-satellite, and land-based systems. The land-based systems were further divided into five different sections, including: Project 640-5 a study on the re-entry of warheads of ballistic missiles, Project 640-4 the early warning radar, Type 640-3 a laser gun research project, Project 640-2, the ABM super gun designated as Vanguard (Xianfeng 先锋),Vanguard ABM super gun and Project 640-1, the ABM missile system along with other supporting infrastructure, the primary portion of Project 640.
Excalibur appeared to offer an enormous leap forward in BMD performance. Previously, missile- based anti-ballistic missile (ABM) systems faced the problem that they attacked the warheads, not the ICBMs that launched them; a single ICBM could carry multiple warheads in a MIRV system, so if the attacker added a single new missile to their fleet, dozens of interceptors would have to be built to counter it. Excalibur would attack the missiles before the warheads separated, and a single Excalibur contained as many as 50 lasers and could potentially shoot down a corresponding number of missiles. A single additional Excalibur would require dozens of ICBMs to counter it, dramatically reversing the cost- exchange ratio that had previously doomed ABM systems.
Previously each ABM required a corresponding warhead to offset it, but with LoADS and MPS, a single ABM required multiple warheads to offset it. The same end could be achieved by simply building more shelters as well, but the size of the proposed MPS network already took up large portions of Nevada and Utah, and adding more would not be easy. Even a high unit price, LoADS would still be less expensive than building double the number of shelters. Additionally, as each set of MPS shelters, or cells, would have only a single LoADS, the problems with nuclear blackout causing problems for follow-up shots was not an issue, a problem that had never been solved in Safeguard-like solutions.
Considering both the need to penetrate a Soviet ABM and a potential US ABM system, York noted that: When this report was received, McElroy then charged ARPA to begin studying long-term solutions to the ICBM defense, looking for systems that would avoid the apparently insurmountable problem presented by the exchange ratio. ARPA responded by forming Project Defender, initially considering a wide variety of far-out concepts like particle beam weapons, lasers and huge fleets of space-borne interceptor missiles, the latter known as Project BAMBI. In May 1958, York also began working with Lincoln Labs, MIT's radar research lab, to begin researching ways to distinguish warheads from decoys by radar or other means. This project emerged as the Pacific Range Electromagnetic Signature Studies, or Project PRESS.
The first successful ABM test were conducted by the USSR in 1961, which later deployed a fully operational system defending Moscow in the 1970s (see Moscow ABM system). The 1972 SALT treaty froze the number of ICBM launchers of both the US and the USSR at existing levels and allowed new submarine-based SLBM launchers only if an equal number of land-based ICBM launchers were dismantled. Subsequent talks, called SALT II, were held from 1972 to 1979 and actually reduced the number of nuclear warheads held by the US and USSR. SALT II was never ratified by the United States Senate, but its terms were nevertheless honored by both sides until 1986, when the Reagan administration "withdrew" after accusing the USSR of violating the pact.
ABM Abdullah (born 1954) is a Bangladeshi physician, academic and the personal physician of Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina. He was a professor in the Department of Internal Medicine and dean of the Faculty of Medicine at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University. He was awarded the Ekushey Padak in 2016 by the Government of Bangladesh.
The Senior High School offers 11th and 12th grade education. The unit was launched following the K-12 curriculum overhaul project of the Department of Education. It offers the Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM); Accountancy and Business Management (ABM); Humanities and Social Sciences (HUMSS); and Information and Communications Technology - 2D Animation (ICT-2DA) strands.
On 13 November 2014, ABM pledged allegiance to Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, the leader of Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL), and adopted the name Sinai Province (Wilayah Sīnāʼ) claiming to be a branch of ISIL. The leader of the group is Abu Osama al-Masri, but not much personal information is available.
The academic track includes STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics), ABM (Accounting and Business Management), and ICT (Information and Communications Technology) under the TVL (Technical-vocational) strand. Legazpi City Science High School is a science high school which is funded by the Philippine government. Students of the science high school are commonly called Citinistas.
Morton Arthur Sweig (February 13, 1915 - January 8, 2011) was an American businessman and industry leader in janitorial and maintenance services. He headed National Cleaning Contractors, which later merged with ABM Industries Incorporated. Sweig's political activism landed him on the master list of Nixon political opponents. Sweig later headed National Kinney Corporation for three years.
Scalable distributed systems demand an ability to express and adapt to diverse policies of numerous distinct administrative domains. The lab introduced technologies for messaging systems with adaptive security policies based on WSEmail, where Internet messaging is implemented as a web service, and Attribute-Based Messaging (ABM), where addressing is based on attributes of recipients.
Alam sought the nomination of Bangladesh Nationalist Party to contest the 9th parliamentary election from Chittagong-8. He did not get the nomination. Alam was elected Mayor of Chittagong in 2010 as a candidate of Chattagram Unnayan Andolon and backed by Bangladesh Nationalist Party. He won after defeating ABM Mohiuddin Chowdhury, backed by Awami League.
Advanced Air Defence (AAD) Endo-atmospheric interceptor missile, being integrated at the Programme Air Defence ABM missile production facilities in Hyderabad. Note the Missile Jet Vanes at the end of the rocket motor. The system provides for very quick pitch over and roll control during launch. Development of the anti-ballistic missile system began in 1999.
At the time of Studying 1985 at HSC in Dhaka College, By a TV ad. actor ABM Sohel Rashid came in public. After that he started acting professionally in the drama of the “Shapner Thikana” series from year 1997. Around the same time, He stepped on the film named 'Kajer Meye', directed by Azadi Hasnat Firoz. .
Michael D. Malatin is an American entrepreneur. He founded his first company, Healthcare Parking Systems of America, in 1997. It was the first hospital- based parking, patient transport, and guest services provider specifically for US hospitals. In 2007, he sold HPSA to ABM industries, and served for 4 years until it had assimilated into the public entity.
AMaRV was guided by a fully autonomous navigation system designed for evading anti-ballistic missile (ABM) interception. The McDonnell Douglas DC-X (also a biconic) was essentially a scaled-up version of AMaRV. AMaRV and the DC-X also served as the basis for an unsuccessful proposal for what eventually became the Lockheed Martin X-33.
The FJ-1 was the most important member of the FJ series ABM. The name FJ-1 was often used to replace HQ-81. The missile was long, weighed around , and was launched at 50-degree angle. Originally adopting two-stage liquid rocket motors, it was later improved to have one solid rocket motor and one liquid motor.
By 1971, all 18 of the Soviet Union's R-36O silos were in service in Kazakhstan. NATO intelligence suggests that a primary target was the US Grand Forks Air Force Base where an ABM system was set to be established in the late 1960s to early 1970s. The R-36O wasn't equipped with a nuclear payload until 1972.
The American Board of Missionaries sent Rev. John Edwards to replace Rev. Wright as Wheelock's superintendent, and John Libby as Edwards' assistant. In 1861, after the Choctaw Nation formally allied itself with the Confederate States of America, becoming a belligerent state in the American Civil War, the ABM ordered Edwards to leave Indian Territory and return to the North.
Consequently, these six AM cars were set for 850 Amperes current load rather than the normal 650, and often the trailing motor car would be cut-out whilst starting a train to avoid excessive jolting. These motor-pairs were also occasionally used for goods trains, and sometimes an ABM would be substituted for the AM car.
Nixon had been stating for some time that the Democrats had been deliberately dragging their feet on the ABM issue, which, during the early campaign, had been non-contentious. But by the time the elections had concluded in November, local opposition groups had grown in size and popularity, and formed in almost all of the cities hosting the bases.
Hawk . MIM-23 Hawk missile is not operational in the U.S. service since 2002, but is used by many other countries. SM-2 Block IV missile used by the U.S. Navy Soon after the Gulf war, the Aegis combat system was expanded to include ABM capabilities. The Standard missile system was also enhanced and tested for ballistic missile interception.
TheGenealogist runs many digitisation projects, which in the past have included the PCC (Prerogative Court Of Canterbury) WillsFoy, K. Family History for Beginners, p. 57, The History Press, 1st edn (2011), ISBN 9 780752 458380. and NonConformistPaton, Tracing Your Family History on the Internet (2005), p. 12.Family Tree Magazine (ABM Publishing), October 2007, p. 45.
The First Babylonian Empire, or Old Babylonian Empire, is dated to c. 1894 BC – c. 1595 BC, and comes after the end of Sumerian power with the destruction of the 3rd dynasty of Ur, and the subsequent Isin-Larsa period. The chronology of the first dynasty of Babylonia is debated as there is a Babylonian King List ABM 33332.
Abahlali baseMjondolo has received strong support from some key church leaders such as Bishop of Natal, Rubin Phillip. In a speech at the AbM UnFreedom Day event on 27 April 2008 Phillip said: The Italian theologian Brother Filippo Mondini has attempted to develop a theology based on the political thought and practices developed in Abahlali baseMjondolo.
It was ratified by the U.S. Senate on 26 January 1996 with a vote of 87–4. Russia ratified START II on 14 April 2000, but on 14 June 2002, withdrew from the treaty in response to U.S. withdrawal from the ABM Treaty. Instead, SORT came into effect, reducing the strategic warheads count per country to 1,700–2,200.
Alam was elected councilor of ward 10 on 30 January 1994 with the support of Bangladesh Awami League. He was re- elected twice with the support of Awami League. After ABM Mohiuddin Chowdhury was imprisoned by the Caretaker Government during the 2007-2008 Bangladeshi political crises, Alam became the acting mayor. During that time Alam's relationship with Mohiuddin deteriorated.
Herbert York led studies of the ABM concept, and would from then on be a vocal opponent of any deployment. McElroy responded to the RBIG report in two ways. First, he turned to the newly created ARPA group to examine the RBIG report. ARPA, directed by Chief Scientist Herbert York, returned another report broadly agreeing with everything they said.
The mission was given the go-ahead by ESA in 1980, and launched on an Ariane 1 rocket (flight V14) on 2 July 1985 from Kourou, French Guiana. The craft was controlled from the European Space Agency ESOC facilities in Darmstadt (then West Germany) initially in Geostationary Transfer Orbit (GTO) then in the Near Earth Phase (NEP) before the longer Cruise Phase through to the encounter. While in GTO a number of slew and spin-up manoeuvres (to 90 RPM) were carried out in preparation for the firing of the Apogee Boost Motor (ABM), although unlike orbit circularisations for geostationary orbit, the ABM for Giotto was fired at perigee. Attitude determination and control used sun pulse and IR Earth sensor data in the telemetry to determine the spacecraft orientation.
Spalding must constantly watch herself against the conniving Assistant Director Altman who is after her position, and the old school CSIS Regional Director Deakins, for whose job she is the leading candidate. For Reardon, it is the Disciples Motorcycle club, led by Dante Ribiso (Fulvio Cecere), whose aim is to control the whole of Vancouver's marijuana trade and ABM money laundering industry.
The main hospital of The Medical City opened as the ABM Sison Hospital in 1967 with a change of hospital management occurring in 1969.The health facility was renamed as "The Medical City" or TMC in 1975. In 1996, the first outpatient clinic was opened in Antipolo, Rizal. The main hospital moved to its current location in Ortigas in 2004.
The Patriot System replaced the Nike Hercules system as the U.S. Army's primary High to Medium Air Defense (HIMAD) platform, and replaced the MIM-23 Hawk system as the U.S. Army's medium tactical air defense platform. In addition to these roles, Patriot has assumed the role as the U.S. Army's anti-ballistic missile (ABM) platform, which today is Patriot's primary mission.
While pursuing minimal travel times, the agents must avoid collisions with other vehicles also seeking to minimize their travel times. Cellular automata and agent-based modeling are complementary modeling strategies. They can be integrated into a common geographic automata system where some agents are fixed while others are mobile. Calibration plays a pivotal role in both CA and ABM simulation and modelling approaches.
However, due to their relatively short ranges, an ABM missile would be needed to counter an ICBM wherever it might be aimed. That implies that dozens of interceptors are needed for every ICBM. This led to intense debates about the "cost-exchange ratio" between interceptors and warheads. Conditions changed dramatically in 1970 with the introduction of multiple independently targetable reentry vehicle (MIRV) warheads.
Amel Baladiet Mérouana (), known as AB Mérouana or simply ABM for short, is an Algerian Football club based in Merouana in Batna Province. The club was founded in 1933 and its colours are yellow and black. Their home stadium, Stade Abderrahmene Bensaci, has a capacity of 10,000 spectators. The club is currently playing in the Ligue Nationale du Football Amateur.
The Marshall MB450 head and combo bass amplifiers have a tube pre-amp on the "Classic" channel which can be overdriven. The Ashdown ABM 500 EVO III 575W Bass amp head has a built-in overdrive effect. Overdrive is also available on many Crate bass amplifiers. The Yamaha BBT500H has three types of built-in drive effects: overdrive, distortion and fuzz.
Abahlali baseMjondolo claimed in 2010 to have around 25,000 active supporters in 64 different shack settlements of which just over 10,000 were paid up card carrying members. It has a youth league and a women's league. AbM also runs formal education courses and issues certificates. The University of Abahlali baseMjondolo teaches through song and discussions, and archives the knowledge production process.
Cognitive bias modification for attention (CBM-A) or attention bias modification (ABM) cognitive tasks are typically designed to draw attention to neutral or positive stimuli, and avoid negative or threatening stimuli.Linetzky, M., Pergamin-Hight, L., Pine, D. S., & Bar- Haim, Y. (2015). Quantitative evaluation of the clinical efficacy of attention bias modification treatment for anxiety disorders. Depression and Anxiety, 32(6), 383-391.
The Marshall MB450 head and combo bass amplifiers have a tube pre-amp on the "Classic" channel that can be overdriven. The Ashdown ABM 500 EVO III 575W Bass amp head has a built-in overdrive effect. Overdrive is also available on many Crate bass amplifiers. The Yamaha BBT500H has three types of built-in drive effects: overdrive, distortion and fuzz.
The TN 60 was a French nuclear missile warhead. The 1 megaton TN 60 missile warhead entered service in early 1977 as an interim warhead for the MSBS M20 SLBM. The TN 60 was the first French warhead "hardened" to penetrate the Russian ABM defenses around Moscow. The TN 60 was replaced with the TN 61 starting in late 1977.
The Minuteman III held three smaller W62 warheads of about 170 kilotons each in place of the single 1.2 megaton W56 used in the earlier versions of this missile. From 1970–1975, the United States would remove approximately 550 earlier versions of the Minuteman ICBM in the Strategic Air Command's (SAC) arsenal and replace them with the new Minuteman IIIs outfitted with a MIRV payload, increasing their overall effectiveness. The smaller power of the warhead was offset by increasing the accuracy of the system, allowing it to attack the same hard targets as the larger, less accurate, W56. The MMIII was introduced specifically to address the Soviet construction of an anti-ballistic missile (ABM) system around Moscow; MIRV allowed the US to overwhelm any conceivable ABM system without increasing the size of their own missile fleet.
The college expanded its undergraduate programs throughout the years, and it eventually established the College of Graduate Studies in the late 1990s. This was also the same time that the high school and elementary departments were opened. At present, Samar College provides programs in the elementary, junior high school, senior high school, undergraduate, and graduate levels. The SHS department the ABM, HUMSS, GAS, and TVL strands available.
Swansea NHS Trust was an NHS Trust covering Swansea, south Wales. It was established on 1 April 1999 and ceased to exist on 1 April 2008 when it merged with Bro Morgannwg NHS Trust to form the Abertawe Bro Morgannwg University NHS Trust (ABM). The trust managed nine hospitals and provides over 1,800 beds. In addition, it provided healthcare from number of community premises.
Shwe U Daung, also known by his birth-name as U Pe Thein, was born on the 24th of October 1889 in the Shwebo District of Myanmar. His father U Ayar, was a British citizen and his mother's name was Daw Shwe. He was the third of five siblings. Shwe attended the Buddhist School in Mandalay and later transferred to the Monastery of Mandalay and ABM school.
Object-100 Utes (Utyos) or Sotka is a Russian Navy anti-ship missile coastal defense division built in Soviet times, using bunker TEL (similar to Nike Hercules SAM ABM) with a pair of SS-N-3 Shaddock P-35B 4K44B (same used operated on Redut complex) SS-N-3b Shaddock 3M44 Progress , can also launch different ones like P-6 P-35B S-35.
President Bush, Mahmoud Abbas, and Ariel Sharon meet at the Red Sea Summit in Aqaba, Jordan, June 4, 2003 Bush signed the Strategic Offensive Reductions Treaty with Russia. He withdrew U.S. support for several international agreements, including the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty (ABM) with Russia.Margot Light, "Russian-American Relations under George W. Bush and Vladimir Putin." Irish Studies in International Affairs (2008): 25-32.
Epistemic communities became institutionalized in the short term because of change into the policy-making process and to persuade others that their approach is the right approach. Long-term effects occur through socialization. There are a myriad of examples of the impact that epistemic communities have had on public policy. Arms control ideas are reflected in the ABM Treaty and agreements following it during Cold War.
At the time, Morton's The Steakhouse was among the tenants in the Fred F. French Building, as was the British Tourist Authority. In 2012, retailer Tommy Bahama opened a three-story flagship store and restaurant in the Fred F. French Building. By the middle of that decade, the building had tenants such as Denihan Hospitality Group, ABM Industries, and law firm Kleinberg, Kaplan, Wolff & Cohen.
As long as the interceptor missile was not significantly more expensive than the ICBM, which was likely given their relative sizes, overwhelming such a system would not be feasible in a weapons system. Taking these factors into consideration, ARPA outlined four potential approaches to a new ABM system. The first was Nike Zeus in its current form. The second was Zeus combined with a new radar system.
Three former presidential advisors on the ABM topic were attendees of the Reading meeting: George Rathjens, Jerome Wiesner, and Richard N. Goodwin. Immediately after the meeting, they wrote to Senator Edward Kennedy, urging him to take up the issue. Kennedy wrote to Nixon's new Secretary of Defense, Melvin Laird, challenging the program. Kennedy's letter sparked off a huge debate on the topic in Congress on 4 February.
Suddenly, each launcher was throwing not one warhead, but several. These would spread out in space, ensuring that a single interceptor would be needed for each warhead. This simply added to the need to have several interceptors for each warhead in order to provide geographical coverage. Now it was clear that an ABM system would always be many times more expensive than the ICBMs they defended against.
The Israeli Arrow missile system was tested initially during 1990, before the first Gulf War. The Arrow was supported by the United States throughout the 1990s. The Patriot was the first deployed tactical ABM system, although it was not designed from the outset for that task and consequently had limitations. It was used during the 1991 Gulf War to attempt to intercept Iraqi Scud missiles.
In November, 1969, Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT) begun. This was primarily due to the economic impact that nuclear testing and production had on both U.S. and Soviet economies. The SALT I Treaty, which was signed in May, 1972, produced an agreement on two significant documents. These were the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty (ABM Treaty) and the Interim Agreement on the Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms.
ABM Galaxy FC, full name Au Bon Marche Galaxy, is a semi-professional association football club based in Port Vila, Vanuatu, and founded in 2014. Since its formation, the club has enjoyed a rapid rise through the ranks of Vanuatuan football, having won the Second Division in 2014–15, the First Division in 2017–18, and the top division at the first attempt in 2018–19.
The simplest countermeasure to an ABM defense is to simply increase the size of the attack. This can be done by adding more ICBMs, by increasing the number of warheads delivered by each ICBM using MIRVs, by using SLBMs (which have a much shorter flight time and are thus difficult to destroy before the terminal phase), or by a heavier reliance on bombers and cruise missiles.
Thuli Ndlovu, the movement chairperson for KwaNdengezi was assassinated in her home after disputes with a local councillor over housing allocation. AbM accused the councillor of having a hand in the assassination. On 27 February 2015, the local councillor, Mduduzi Ngcobo, was arrested on suspicion of being behind the murder. Ngcobo and Velile Lutsheko (another ANC councillor) were sentenced to life imprisonment for the murder.
LAPB is used to manage communication and packet framing between data terminal equipment (DTE) and the data circuit-terminating equipment (DCE) devices in the X.25 protocol stack. LAPB is essentially HDLC in Asynchronous Balanced Mode (ABM). LAPB sessions can be established by either the DTE or DCE. The station initiating the call is determined to be the primary, and the responding station is the secondary.
As this had no radar component, it would bypass provisions in the ABM treaty over the number and placement of radar sites. However, whether any of this was seriously considered at the time is debatable; in 1976 the Army placed a contract with McDonnell Douglas to study a low-altitude concept under the name ST-2, but this was the nuclear-armed LoADS concept.
The entire engagement would last just over two seconds, with the intercept taking place at about altitude. They later added a second stage to HIBEX known as UPSTAGE, demonstrating over 300 g of lateral acceleration, allowing it to counter maneuvering warheads. ARPA released its Hardpoint study in 1965. It presented a way for the Army to offer an effective ABM system at a reasonable cost.
With no warning system in place, a sneak attack could destroy a significant amount of the US bomber fleet on the ground. The US would still have the airborne alert force and its own small ICBM fleet, but the USSR would have its entire bomber fleet and any missiles they did not launch, leaving them with a massive strategic advantage. To ensure this could not happen, the Report called for the installation of active defenses at SAC bases, Hercules in the short term and an ABM for the 1959 period, along with new early warning radars for ballistic missiles to allow alert aircraft to get away before the missiles hit. Even Zeus would come too late to cover this period, and some consideration was given to an adapted Hercules or a land based version of the Navy's RIM-8 Talos as an interim ABM.
After Jim's duties in Nevada, he was shipped to Germany, and then back to the United States to teach chemical, nuclear and biological warfare at Nike ABM bases. Back in Chicago and not able to retire, he continued in the Army Reserves. Jim married and had 8 children and 29 grandchildren. He drove taxi cabs, worked in a steel mill and a post office, and opened his own restaurant.
Declassified UK Ministry of Defence drawing created from Red Square May Day photographs and other intelligence sources. The construction of the ABM-1 system began during 1962 with 16 primary sites including command post, radar installations and firing complexes for 8–16 missile launchers. Some of the existing sites of the old SA-1 Guild were modified. Some known locations are: Naro-Fominsk, Olenegorsk, Skrunda, Angarsk, Nikolaeyev, and Sary Shagan.
One of the Dunay radar (NATO Code : Dog House) phased array radar systems was located at Naro-Fominsk. This system is comparable to the US's PAVE PAWS radars of the Sentinel and Safeguard ABM programs. The construction plan changed a number of times, varying the locations, sectors or quadrants, and number of launchers. The system finalized at 8 sites with total of 64 launchers, with 4 major radar centers completed.
In March 1946 the Air Forces started Project Thumper (also known as MX-795) to consider the problem of defending against ballistic missiles like the V-2, using the "collision intercept" method. General Electric won the contract for Thumper, which is the first known ABM effort. Thumper was followed in April by a similar contract awarded to the Michigan Aeronautical Research Center (MARC) under the name Project Wizard (MX-794).
The project was partially announced to the public in February 1958, with it being announced that "Plato" was a mobile system that would use the Nike Zeus missile; in February 1959, before construction had begun on the prototype SAM-A-19 missiles, the project was canceled; the Nike Hercules surface-to-air missile would be adopted as an interim ABM. , the official histories of Project Plato were still classified.
As commodity prices rise. The Times, Friday, Sep 17, 1976; pg. 21; Issue 59811 Dalgety paid £10 million for Federated Chemical Holdings (without its minority shareholding in Tioxide Group) at the end of 1977 because it would fit well with the procurements as well as with marketing the products of their ABM Chemicals. Federated was a distributor of chemicals and allied raw materials in North America, Europe and the Far East.
She showed that using Attention Bias Modification (ABM) can be used to modify biased attention to develop emotional resilience. The origins of this bias modification are in the variation of serotonin transporter polymorphism. She found that people who worry more are less likely to be able to control their attention. Fox identified that the people who inherit two copies of the long variant of the 5-HTTLPR gene avoid negative imagery.
The FJ-3, the last member of FJ series missile used in HQ-81 ABMS begun development in May 1974. It was a three-stage rocket motor powered ABM launched from a silo, but it was cancelled in 1977. However, subsystems of FJ-3 were developed and used on other Chinese missile programs, such as the S-7 vehicle mounted computer, which was later used on the DF-5 ballistic missile.
Adobe Photoshop and GIMP are taught to students during their third year. During the final year, students are taught Macromedia Flash and GIF animations. In 2000, the U.P. Diliman Student Council chairman was a graduate of Quezon City Academy, Raymond Palatino (batch 1996). In 2016, the school began offering Grade 11 courses in the tracks of STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Math) and ABM (Accountancy, Business and Management).
Hallmark became a brand of Carlton records/communications and continued to sell CDs under that brand including many tribute albums by Steve Deakin-Davies (Neil Diamond, Tina Turner, Diana Ross and Stevie Wonder) plus numerous "Pan Pipe" versions of hits. Following the shake up forced by the amalgamation of Carlton TV and its merger with Granada TV to become ITV plc, the Hallmark back catalogue was sold to ABM music.
The Commerce Commission decided not to act. Rex Ahdar, University of Otago, later opined that competition law in New Zealand is inherently ill-suited to tackling a network industry such as electricity. An agent-based model (ABM) developed at Auckland University was used to analyze the New Zealand wholesale electricity market. The model suggests considerable market abuse and quantified the combined market rents for 2006 and 2008 to be $2.6billion.
The quartz material 'hardens' the RV protecting the nuclear warhead against high-energy neutrons emitted by exo-atmospheric Anti-ballistic missile (ABM) bursts before re-entry.Public Record Office, London. TNA CAB 168/27 3DQP was first used on the British Chevaline improved front end (IFE) for the Royal Navy's UGM-27 Polaris system that was in service from 1982 to 1996, when it was replaced by Trident D5.
In 1921, Peek Frean entered into an amalgamation agreement with rival biscuit firm Huntley & Palmers, resulting in the creation of a holding company, Associated Biscuit Manufacturers Ltd (ABM). However, both biscuit firms retained their own brands and premises. Jacob's joined the conglomerate from 1961. English Biscuit Manufacturers (EBM) was established in Pakistan as a local joint-venture production company from 1965, which still owns the various brand rights in the country.
Construction on the two remaining bases continued until 1974, when an additional agreement limited both countries to a single ABM site. The Montana site was abandoned with the main radar partially completed. The remaining base in North Dakota, the Stanley R. Mickelsen Safeguard Complex, became active on 1 April 1975 and fully operational on 1 October 1975. By that time the House Appropriations Committee had already voted to deactivate it.
When this system was abandoned, Motor cars all became Second class, except for six which were retained for special duties (AM), and the double-ended single units (ABM). On 10 February 1935, 18M and 44M were damaged in a serious collision at Croydon, and the bodies scrapped; the frames and electrical equipment was retained, and they were rebuilt with new bodies of the current Tait design, being renumbered 442M and 443M.
If the force was going to carry out this mission there had to be the expectation that enough missiles could survive a Soviet attack for a successful counterstrike. An ABM might provide that assurance. A fresh look at this concept started at ARPA around 1963–64 under the name Hardpoint. This led to the construction of the Hardpoint Demonstration Array Radar, and an even faster missile concept known as HiBEX.
Named the "Stanley R. Mickelsen Safeguard Complex" ( northwest of the base), the North Dakota ABM site received its complement of nuclear-tipped LIM-49 Spartan and Sprint Missiles during the following spring. The site was declared operational on 1 April 1975. Due to Congressional action, the Army operated the site for less than a year. With the exception of the PAR, the complex was abandoned in February 1976.
However, Than E found a teaching job at ABM Karen School, a school ran by the American Baptist Mission) in Henzada (now Hinthada). She taught English to secondary and high school students. The students were always well behaved unlike the rowdy students at the Cushing School. The next year, she got a teaching job at the Teachers' Training College of the Rangoon University (now Yangon Institute of Education).
A high altitude FJ-3 interceptor was also proposed. Despite the development of missiles, the programme was slowed down due to financial and political reasons. It was finally closed down during 1980 under a new leadership of Deng Xiaoping as it was seemingly deemed unnecessary after the 1972 Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty between the Soviet Union and the United States and the closure of the US Safeguard ABM system.
This was, however, just before the emergence of high-speed computing systems. By the mid-1950s, things had changed considerably, and many forces worldwide were considering ABM systems. The American armed forces began experimenting with anti-missile missiles soon after World War II, as the extent of German research into rocketry became clear. Project Wizard began in 1946, with the aim of creating a missile capable of intercepting the V-2.
Initial TNT experiments showed that genes could be delivered to the skin of mice. Once this was confirmed, a cocktail of gene factors (ABM) used by Vierbuchen and collaborators to reprogram fibroblast into neurons was used. Delivery of these factors demonstrated successful reprogramming in-vivo and signals propagated from the epidermis to the dermis skin layers. This phenomenon is believed to be mediated by extracellular vesicles and potentially other factors [18].
According to president S'bu Zikode the group aspires to an "ethics of living communism," as it campaigns on land and housing issues. A key slogan of the group is 'Don't Talk About Us, Talk To Us'. AbM has received support from church leaders and participates in the Poor People's Alliance, a network of radical grassroots movements in South Africa. It has also made solidarity links with other groups worldwide.
However, effects on secondary symptoms (g = 0.09) and SAD symptoms at 4-month follow-up (g = 0.09) were not significant. Although there was no indication of significant publication bias, the authors identified that quality of the studies was substandard and wedged the effect sizes. From a clinical point of view, these findings imply that ABM is not yet ready for wide-scale dissemination as a treatment for SAD in routine care.
He has led delegations of business leaders to assist entrepreneurs in Poland to develop a free economy. He has also represented major US corporations and negotiated on their behalf privatization agreements in the aviation, transportation, and maritime industries in Poland, then-East Germany, the Netherlands, and Hungary. In the domestic arena, Tsamoutales consults and is registered to represent such firms as ABM Industries, BJ's Wholesale Club, KTA-Tator, Inc., SitelogIQ, Inc.
The Air Force faced significant budget constraints and canceled Thumper in 1949 in order to use its funds to continue its GAPA surface-to-air missile (SAM) efforts. The next year, Wizard's funding was also rolled into GAPA to develop a new long-range SAM design, which would emerge a decade later as the CIM-10 Bomarc. ABM research at the Air Force practically, although not officially, ended.
McNamara, Robert S. (1968), The Essence of Security: Reflections in Office, p. 64 Under pressure to proceed with the ABM program after it became clear that the Soviets had begun a similar project, McNamara finally agreed to a "light" system which he believed could protect against the far smaller number of Chinese missiles. However, he never believed it was wise for the United States to move in that direction because of psychological risks of relying too much on nuclear weaponry and that there would be pressure from many directions to build a larger system than would be militarily effective.McNamara, Robert S. (1968), The Essence of Security: Reflections in Office, p. 164 President Lyndon B. Johnson and McNamara at a cabinet meeting, 1968 He always believed that the best defense strategy for the U.S. was a parity of mutually assured destruction with the Soviet Union. An ABM system would be an ineffective weapon as compared to an increase in deployed nuclear missile capacity.
As a hedge against the possibility of the Soviets "breaking out" of the ABM treaty, the Army was given the go-ahead to continue development of ABM technologies, focusing on the Safeguard-like concept of defending the missile fields. The Army responded with two concepts, updates to the original Safeguard using a new radar and upgraded Sprint II missile, and a new concept for a high-altitude interceptor that would use hit-to-kill instead of a nuclear warhead. Work on the former, known as Site Defence of Minuteman, went as far as building a radar at the Army's testing site on Meck Island in the Kwajalein Atoll, but work on this program ended in 1974 when it was clear the treaty was going to be followed by both countries. Work on MX also continued, and by the mid-1970s the preferred MX basing mode was the Multiple Protective Shelter (MPS) concept.
Simple reflex agent Learning agent A multi-agent system (MAS or "self- organized system") is a computerized system composed of multiple interacting intelligent agents. Multi-agent systems can solve problems that are difficult or impossible for an individual agent or a monolithic system to solve. Intelligence may include methodic, functional, procedural approaches, algorithmic search or reinforcement learning. Despite considerable overlap, a multi-agent system is not always the same as an agent-based model (ABM).
He later also received a master of science degree in 1963 and a doctorate in 1965, both still at Northwestern.Letters To The Editor - Forum After completing his PhD, Wu worked in various space industries. He contributed to the design of reaction jet control system for the Apollo mission and digital auto-pilot for the ABM and other tactical missiles. He later became a professor at Marquette University in the Department of Electrical Engineering.
The CEP is estimated to be at or less. However, the accuracy of the missile is largely speculative and cannot be confidently predicted for wartime situations. These improvements would increase the Shahab-3B's survivability against ABM systems such as Israel's Arrow 2 missile defence system (though its ability to overcome Arrow is very questionable) as well as being used for precision attacks against high-value targets such as command, control, and communications centres.
1908, after passing the entrance exam at the University of Kolkata, he worked as a teacher at the Mandalay Buddhist school and the ABM school. On the 8th of November 1915, his first novel Yan Gyi Aung was published. His second novel Yadanapon, which was written by the request of Thura U Ba Bay, was inspired by Ellen Wood's novel East Lynne. Having published two novels, Shwe U Daung became the editor of Thuriya magazine.
NIAM offers a two-year PGDM (ABM) (AICTE approved) program for students with graduation and post- graduation in agriculture and allied sciences. The postgraduate diploma in Agribusiness Management combines the best of an MBA with unique skills required for a career in agribusiness. It churns out professionals to cater to the needs of various sectors of agribusiness sectors like food retailing, exports, Agri-input, Tractor & Farm machinery, Dairy, commodity trading, microfinance, banking, agribusiness consultancy etc.
This essentially means that it tends to focus on the consequences of interactions between people (the agents) in a population. Researchers are better able to understand this type of modeling by modeling these dynamics on a smaller, more localized level. Essentially, ABM helps to better understand interactions between people (agents) who, in turn, influence one another (in response to these influences). Simple individual rules or actions can result in coherent group behavior.
McNamara noted that protecting 70% of the population could also be achieved by building fallout shelters, and this would cost far less than Nike-X. He refused to deploy unless funds were also provided for shelters. Another major problem for Nike-X was the Soviet's own ABM system. The Soviet system was generally similar to Zeus, so the Air Force responded by adding MIRV warheads to their Minuteman missiles to overwhelm it.
In 2001 George W. Bush notified Russia of plans to withdraw the US from the Anti- Ballistic Missile Treaty. This entailed the development of multiple anti- ballistic missile sites, a restriction of the ABM Treaty. Activated in 2003,Staff Sgt. Zachary Sheely (October 31, 2018) None Shall Pass: 100th Missile Defense Brigade marks 15 years of homeland missile defense the administration deemed the Ground-based Midcourse Defense to be operational on 30 Sep 2004.
Vice President Abdus Sattar immediately succeeded him as the acting president. Presidential Oath Taking Ceremony after 1986 elections, the Chief Justice and Military Secretary (1984-1989) Brigadier ABM Elias is also seen Lieutenant General Ershad expressed loyalty to the new president Abdus Sattar, who led the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) to victory in elections in 1981. Soon after the BNP government continued with Zia's policies and moved on with the business of governing. Lt. Gen.
Ruins of the Dunay-3M The Dunay-3 (; NATO: Dog House) was an upgrade of the Dunay-2 located in Kubinka, Moscow and became operational in 1968. Following an extensive upgrade in 1978 it was renamed Dunay-3M as part of the upgraded A-35M ABM system. It consisted of separate receiver and transmitter buildings separated by . The transmitter covered two sectors (roughly north and south) and its array was long and high.
Limkokwing University of Creative Technology . Limkokwing.net. Retrieved on 27 October 2016. Other tertiary institutions include Ba Isago, ABM University College the largest school of business and management, New Era, Gaborone Institute of Professional Studies, Gaborone University College of Law And Professional Studies etc. Tremendous strides in providing quality education have been made by private education providers such that a large number of the best students in the country are now applying to them as well.
Despite a moratorium on evictions during the COVID-19 pandemic, the eKhenana shanty town in Cato Crest, Durban, was attacked by the local anti-land invasion unit and private security companies. AbM went to court and the evictions were declared illegal, in response the commander of the anti-land invasion team went to the settlement and shot a squatter in the hip. He was charged with attempted murder but not suspended from his post.
Molyneux was born March 1965, in the Welsh town of Caerphilly. She studied law at Cardiff University and qualified as a solicitor in 1991. On 24 April 2012 her firm Newlaw became the 1st Welsh and 4th overall practice to be licensed as an ABM by the Solicitors Regulation Authority. Molyneux's idea originated when she met a gentleman on a train from London, talking about the insurance market as he owned an insurance brokers.
ABS takes into account the microsegments that have been identified by ABM and develops them to generate income. With this strategy, an individual approach is developed that takes into account the interests and pain points of the decision maker. ABS is considered a tool to bridge the gap between marketing and sales departments. Since ABS strategy involves going beyond the initial sales, it is used to scale up companies and increase sales volumes.
The missile sites are also hidden there and cannot to be seen from the outside. According to Jane's Defence Weekly Sdot Micha is also a location for the new Arrow 3 ABM to intercept (nuclear) missiles coming from Iran. This is a joint venture of Israel and the United States and has been deployed there in the beginning of 2017. Satellite photos show the construction of four bunkers capable to withstand nuclear explosions.
ABMaritime’s capital was increased from profits to become $81 millions in 2011. The launching of “Book in Advance” automated service which allows the customers to book their tickets prior to the trip from any ABM offices at Jordan, KSA, Egypt, Syria and Arab states of the Persian Gulf countries. Build a desalination plant in Nuweiba to provide pure water to the fleet. Signing contracts with new agents in Syria, KSA and Persian Gulf countries.
The Medical City hospital in Ortigas opened as the ABM Sison Hospital in 1967 with a change of hospital management occurring in 1969. The health facility was renamed as "The Medical City" or TMC in 1975. The hospital moved to its current location in Ortigas in 2004. The hospital was among several hospitals in Metro Manila which catered to COVID-19 patients during the 2020 coronavirus pandemic in the Philippines with the facility exceeding capacity at one point.
The slogan, "This is the Age of the Train", is credited to the advertising executive Rod Allen, also of ABM. The advertisements continued to be produced until 1984, when they were replaced with a new campaign based on the slogan, "We're getting there". In 2012, during the Jimmy Savile sexual abuse scandal, it was alleged by a former BR lawyer that the decision to drop Savile from the adverts had been made due to suspicions he was a necrophiliac.
The original company was formed in 1992 to deliver overt based software to law enforcement organisations in the UK. The company was then bought by ZEDA Limited in 1997 to combine the overt with covert products, such as Informant Management and Covert operation. The company changed its name to ABM in 1998 and now provides software to law enforcement, security agencies and large commercial organisations that require investigative management to counter fraud, counterfeiting and smuggling operations.
ABM Huq received formal education from Dhaka University and afterward attended Bangladesh Military Academy. After completion of training, he was commissioned in Bengal Cavalry on 18 June 1978. He was adjudged as the best all round cadet of his batch and was awarded Sword of Honor (an award given to the best meritorious cadet in Bangladeshi military forces). In a distinguished career spanning 40 years, Huq has held a variety of command, staff and instructional appointments.
System Architect provides support for the diagrams, matrices, and work products required to be captured for the US Department of Defense Architecture Framework (DoDAF) version 2.02 (as well as features of the never-officially-released 2.03 version), the Unified Architecture Framework (UAF), the NATO Architecture Framework (NAF) version 3, older versions of DoDAF -- DoDAF 1.5 standard and DoDAF 1.5 ABM (supporting the Activity Based Method as specified by MITRE), and the UK Ministry of Defence Architecture Framework (MODAF).
And now that decoys were no longer an issue, the cost- exchange ratio fell back to reasonable levels. The Nike-X developed the same sort of trouble as the Zeus before it. In this case it was ironically due to the Soviet's own ABM system which was very similar to Zeus. To ensure they could defeat it, the US Air Force began equipping their own ICBMs with decoys, which would defeat the Soviet's Zeus-like system.
Finally, four AM motors were paired with regular M motors for use on the E trains to Healesville and Stony Point, though two of those sets included a pair of Tait cars, and Altona had two swing-door Motors coupled to Tait driving trailers. The total roster required 114 of 126 available M cars, 93 of 97 T, 3 of 6 ABM, 4 of 6 AM, 13 of 15 BT but only 19 of 32 D.
He has also written essays, including forty-five in-depth studies on national security issues , and numerous popular articles. He addressed the subjects of foreign relations, defense policy, military readiness and threat analysis, Sino-American relations, the Taiwan issue, terrorism and its effects on civil liberties, the lessons of the Vietnam War, WMD proliferation, National Missile Defense, the National Security Agency, the ABM Treaty, submarines, special operations forces, NATO expansion, and U.S. policy towards Iraq and Iran.
There are 27 different types of top level messages defined in ITU M.1371-5 (out of a possibility of 64) that can be sent by AIS transceivers. AIS messages 6, 8, 25, and 26 provide "Application Specific Messages" (ASM), that allow "competent authorities" to define additional AIS message subtypes. There are both "addressed" (ABM) and "broadcast" (BBM) variants of the message. Addressed messages, while containing a destination MMSI, are not private and may be decoded by any receiver.
On 3 November 1967, the first ten locations were announced, with Boston being the first on the list. In April 1968 the Sentinel production contract was signed, the first production contract for a US ABM system. At the time, the cost for the system was estimated to be $4 to $6 billion ($ to $ billion in ) and as much as $20-$60 billion if the system was to be expanded to deal with any sort of Soviet threat as well.
Reagan claimed this research program into ballistic missile defence would be "consistent with our obligations under the ABM Treaty". However, Andropov was dismissive of this claim, and said that "It is time they [Washington] stopped ... search[ing] for the best ways of unleashing nuclear war. ... Engaging in this is not just irresponsible. It is insane".Pravda, 27 March 1983. In August 1983, Andropov made an announcement that the country was stopping all work on space-based weapons.
He led the U.S. negotiating team during the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT) with the Soviet Union which resulted in the Antiballistic Missile (ABM) Treaty of 1972. Smith was North American Chairman of the Trilateral Commission from 1973 to 1977. In 1973, following completion of the treaty, Smith again resigned from the government. David Rockefeller recruited him to help develop the Trilateral Commission, an organization which encouraged Japanese businessmen to become more active in American and European affairs.
The filming officially began on 29 December 2015 at Pan Pacific Sonargaon. The film was first announced by Three Wheelers Films during early 2015, The film was to be directed by Dipankar Sengupta and Arifin Shuvo and Mahiya Mahi were signed as the lead actors. Riaz Uddin Ahamed Siddique was confirmed to join the cast in September 2015, but later opted out and replaced by ABM Sumon. The movie was shot in Dhaka, Chittagong, Bandarban and Mumbai.
Sofia received her master's degree in Mechanical Engineering from Chalmers University of Technology in 1988. In 1990, she achieved the Licentiate degree at the department of Technology Management and Economics at the same university, titled “Prerequisites for alternative working hours in an FMS”. Seven years later, she received her Doctorate Degree, also at Chalmers University of Technology, with her thesis titled “An Analysis of two Approaches to Improvement in the Engineering Industry. Comments on FMS and ABC/ABM”.
During the late 1990s, SM-2 block IVA missiles were tested in a theater ballistic missile defense function. Standard Missile 3 (SM-3) systems have also been tested for an ABM role. In 2008, an SM-3 missile launched from a Ticonderoga-class cruiser, the USS Lake Erie, successfully intercepted a non-functioning satellite. From 1992 to 2000, a demonstration system for the US Army Terminal High Altitude Area Defense was deployed at White Sands Missile Range.
John Rhinelander, a negotiator of the ABM treaty, predicted that the withdrawal would be a "fatal blow" to the Non- Proliferation Treaty and would lead to a "world without effective legal constraints on nuclear proliferation." The construction of a missile defense system was also feared to enable the US to attack with a nuclear first strike. Former U.S. Secretary of Defense William Perry also criticized the U.S. withdrawal as a very bad decision.New York Review of Books, 14 Jul.
The Treaty limited only ABMs capable of defending against "strategic ballistic missiles", without attempting to define "strategic". It was understood that both ICBMs and SLBMs are obviously "strategic". Neither country intended to stop the development of counter-tactical ABMs. The topic became disputable as soon as most potent counter-tactical ABMs started to be capable of shooting down SLBMs (SLBMs naturally tend to be much slower than ICBMs), nevertheless both sides continued counter-tactical ABM development.
In 1975 Krellmann completed an apprenticeship as a chemical laboratory assistant and subsequently worked in pharmaceutical-chemical research. From 1979 to 1982, she studied economics at the University of Economics and Politics in Hamburg without taking the Abitur. From 1984 she had an ABM position to supervise a trade union unemployment initiative in Hameln; from 1985 she was trade union secretary at IG Metall in Hameln. She became member of the bundestag after the 2009 German federal election.
This programme proved infeasible with the technology from that era. Work then began on the Sentinel Program which used anti-ballistic missiles (ABM) to shoot down incoming ICBMs. In the late 1950s United States Air Force considered detonating an atomic bomb on the Moon to display U.S. superiority to the Soviet Union and the rest of the world (Project A119). In 1959, a feasibility study of a possible military base on the Moon (Project Horizon) was conducted.
Major Huda was bought from Thailand in 1998, through the signing of an extradition treaty between Thailand and Bangladesh. Dhaka district Justice Kazi Golam Rasul, sentenced 15 accused to death on 8 November 1998. Appeals were filled with Bangladesh High Court. On 14 November 1998 the High Court delivered a split verdict with Justice Md Ruhul Amin upholding the death penalty of 10 of the convicts, Justice ABM Khairul Haque upholding the death penalty of all 15.
With 4,600 silos, the attack would require 9,200 warheads, much more than they had or were allowed under the SALT treaty. This idea of "multiplication" was originally developed as part of the similar LoADS ABM. The LoADS, along with its radars and computers, would be installed in a canister that fit inside an MX missile silo. It was possible such a system could not be built that small, and Swarmjet was proposed as a low-cost alternative.
Ruiz received a bachelor's degree in business administration from Universidad Anáhuac México and an M.B.A. from the Kellogg School of Management at Northwestern University in Evanston, Illinois. In 2003, Ruiz founded the financial group, Banco Ve por Más. He was appointed Vice President of the (ABM) in 2007 and was promoted to chairman of the banking association from 2011 until 2013. In 2015, Jaime Ruiz Sacristán became Chairman of the Mexican Stock Exchange (Bolsa Mexicana de Valores).
These were already under development as the BMEWS network. The Army was handed the job of actually shooting down the warheads, and McElroy gave them free hand to develop an ABM system as they saw fit, free of any range limitations. The team designed a much larger missile with a greatly enlarged upper fuselage and three stages, more than doubling the launch weight. This version extended range, with interceptions taking place as far as downrange and over in altitude.
In 2000, the school opened a four-year programs leading to a B.S. in Information Technology and a B.S. in Computer Science. In 2009, the school opened its high school department. In 2015 the school opened K-12 programs for senior high schools which offers STEM, HUMS, ABM and GAS strands. Cebu City Campus: Benedicto College has a new campus in Cebu City starting school year 2018–2019 offering degree programs in Criminology and Tourism Management among others.
Modern equipment for the laboratories were purchased to have a simulated hospital/hotel necessary for the training of their students. The campus offers bachelor's degree in Nursing, Medical Laboratory Science, Pharmacy, Psychology, Accountancy, Accounting Information System, Business Administration, Hospitality and Tourism Management, and Criminology. The campus also welcomes the Senior High School Students with the ABM (Accountancy, Business, and Management), STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics), HUMMs (Humanities and Social Sciences), and GAS (Generic Academic Strand).
In ecological ABM (often referred to as "individual-based models" in ecology), agents may, for example, be trees in forest, and would not be considered intelligent, although they may be "purposeful" in the sense of optimizing access to a resource (such as water). The modeling process is best described as inductive. The modeler makes those assumptions thought most relevant to the situation at hand and then watches phenomena emerge from the agents' interactions. Sometimes that result is an equilibrium.
Modern ICBMs tend to be smaller than their ancestors, due to increased accuracy and smaller and lighter warheads, and use solid fuels, making them less useful as orbital launch vehicles. The Western view of the deployment of these systems was governed by the strategic theory of mutual assured destruction. In the 1950s and 1960s, development began on anti-ballistic missile systems by both the US and USSR; these systems were restricted by the 1972 ABM treaty.
The core is specifically aimed at computing products with TDPs of 10 to 125 watts. AMD claims dramatic performance-per-watt efficiency improvements in high-performance computing (HPC) applications with Bulldozer cores. The Bulldozer cores support most of the instruction sets implemented by Intel processors (Sandy Bridge) available at its introduction (including SSE4.1, SSE4.2, AES, CLMUL, and AVX) as well as new instruction sets proposed by AMD; ABM, XOP, FMA4 and F16C. Only Bulldozer GEN4 (Excavator) supports AVX2 instruction sets.
When he refuses, he is shot multiple times, survives, and joins the underground which consists of the degens who suffer great headaches twice daily. Degens believe that the ABM towers are responsible for that. Maxim participates in an attack on one such tower. Captured, tried and sent to a concentration camp in the South, the same one where he has made his landing, he is finally revealed the truth about the towers by a fellow prisoner high ranking member of the underground.
Bell was given the go-ahead to start development in 1957, under the name Nike Zeus. Almost immediately after the announcement of the new Army ABM program, in 1955 the Air Force started their own anti-ICBM development under the Wizard name. Convair won the prime contractor contest, partnering with RCA for the radar and computer systems. The Air Force soon followed this with similar contracts for a Lockheed- Raytheon group, and also invited Bell Labs-Douglas Aircraft to join.
On December 13, 2001, President Bush announced the withdrawal of the United States from the 1972 Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty, a bedrock of U.S.–Soviet nuclear stability during the Cold War era. Bush stated, "I have concluded the ABM treaty hinders our government's ability to develop ways to protect our people from future terrorist or rogue state missile attacks." According to the announcement, the withdrawal was to become effective six months from that date. The Bush administration pursued a national missile defense.
Frustrated with being broke, Beans (Sigel) decides that the only way to achieve the American Dream is to seize it. The film follows Beans and his crew, the ABM, as they take over the city, creating mayhem as their empire builds. Beans struggles to maintain his family life while bumping heads with opposing gangsters and police. It all comes to a head when he cannot surpass the city's most notorious crew, run by Untouchable J (Jay-Z) and Dame (Dash).
The University of Botswana, Botho University, Limkokwing University of Creative Technology, Ba Isago University ABM University College, Botswana International University of Science and technology, Botswana Open University, Botswana University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Gaborone University College of Law and professional Studies, and Gaborone Institute Of Professional Studies are the institutions that offer university education in the country. The University of Botswana is the national university which was established in 1982 by act of parliament and is headquartered at Gaborone.
The Indian anti-satellite (ASAT) program utilized spin off technologies from Indian ABM systems. India is developing a multi-layered and multi-phased missile defence system to defend against hostile ballistic and cruise missiles. The exo-atmospheric interceptors meant to be used against ICBMs, which have lofted trajectories and fly at high altitudes, can also be used to intercept satellites. In response to threats posed by missile systems from China and Pakistan, India began to work on its BMD program in 1999.
Blockading Public Roads is anarchy and reactionary AbM responded by saying that their support for road blockades roads was not support for violence and that "We have never called for violence. Violence is harm to human beings. Blockading a road is not violence."Abahlali baseMjondolo of the Western Cape Replies to the Treatment Action Campaign They also said that in their view the attack from the SACP was really due to the movement's insistence on organising autonomously from the African National Congress.
By 1967 the debate over ABM systems had become a major public policy issue, with almost continual debate on the topic in newspapers and magazines. It was in the midst of these debates, on 17 June 1967, that the Chinese tested their first H-bomb in Test No. 6. Suddenly the Nth Country concept was no longer simply theoretical. McNamara seized on this event as a way to deflect criticism over the lack of deployment while still keeping costs under control.
The other platforms were "BIM" (Business Information Systems) and "ABM" (Application Building and Maintenance). A full interface was made to "Systemator" to provide full support to newspaper systems generated by this. Norsk Data marketed and sold the system as integrated with their offerings for the medical sector ("Infomedica") and hospital systems;- for local community in Scandinavia and the UK based on Unique(i.e.DIALOGUE-1); - for engineering documentation in Europe: CAD/CAM as Technovision and even to the F-16 Flight Simulator.
DIA drawing of Terra laser Terra-3 (Russian: терра–3) was a Soviet laser testing centre, located on the Sary Shagan anti-ballistic missile (ABM) testing range in the Karaganda Region of Kazakhstan. It was originally built to test missile defense concepts, but these attempts were dropped after the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty was signed. The site later hosted two modest devices used primarily for experiments in space tracking. Several other laser test sites were also active during this period.
On 3 November 1967, the Department of Defense revealed that GFAFB was one of 10 initial locations to host a Sentinel Anti- Ballistic Missile (ABM) site. With president Richard Nixon's announcement of 14 March 1969, constructing a "Safeguard" installation at Grand Forks became a top priority. Construction was stalled throughout mid-1969, as Congress debated the merits of BMD. After the Senate defeated amendments to kill Safeguard deployment, the U.S. Army proceeded under the assumption that appropriations would be forthcoming.
Canada has a nationwide EFTPOS system, called Interac Direct Payment (IDP). Since being introduced in 1994, IDP has become the most popular payment method in the country. Previously, debit cards have been in use for ABM usage since the late 1970s, with credit unions in Saskatchewan and Alberta introducing the first card- based, networked ATMs beginning in June 1977. Debit cards, which could be used anywhere a credit card was accepted, were first introduced in Canada by Saskatchewan Credit Unions in 1982.
GAS had affiliations with some local gangs such as Murder Zone (MZ), Organised Crime (OC), Original Brooklyn Youths / Brooklyn Family Riders, and Roadside G's. The gang was known for its violent conflicts with neighbouring gangs, and had rivalries with ABM (All Bout Money) based in Stockwell, Tulse Hill Gang (also known as TN1, or Trust No-One) based in Tulse Hill, PYG (Peckham Young Guns) and GMG based in Peckham. GAS also had conflict with Croydon-based gang DSN (Don't Say Nuttin).
Zac was alleged to be a member of TN1 (Trust No- One), which had an allegiance with ABM. In November 2011, Azezur 'Ronnie' Khan was shot dead by an unidentified gunman while attending a funeral for a friend, a member of GAS Gang, that had died in a car crash. Police were warned of the possibility of violence at the funeral, but failed to send any officers. The burial for Azezur's friend was being held in Southwark, territory containing rival gangs to GAS.
It also warned that most precautions against the virus assumed that people had access to sanitation and running water, a situation that was not the case for many of its members living in shacks. Ronald Lamola, Minister of Justice and Correctional Services, introduced a moratorium on evictions during lockdown (which began 27 March 2020) yet the eThekwini Metropolitan Municipality carried out evictions in Durban affecting around 900 people. Three of the settlements were Azania, eKhenana and Ekuphumeleleni, all affiliated with AbM.
For a discussion of a key court victory against evictions see the article 'Chetty Champions the Poor' in 'South African Legal Brief', 24 September 2008 Land occupations organised by Abahlali baseMjondolo include Macassar Village (2009), Marikana (Cape Town) (2013) and Marikana (Durban) (2013). AbM activists set up the eKhanana Land Occupation in 2018, in Cato Crest, Durban. The Anti-Land-Invasion Unit demolished and burnt 50 shacks, but the occupation continued. In 2019 the occupiers won the right to remain on the land.
The result was another round of fighting between the two forces. Jupiter had been designed to be a highly accurate weapon able to attack Soviet military bases in Europe, as compared to Thor, which was intended to attack Soviet cities and had accuracy on the order of several miles. Losing Jupiter, the Army was eliminated from any offensive strategic role. In return, the Air Force complained that Zeus was too long-ranged and the ABM effort should center on Wizard.
The A-135 (NATO: ABM-4 Gorgon) is a Russian anti-ballistic missile system deployed around Moscow to intercept incoming warheads targeting the city or its surrounding areas. The system was designed in the Soviet Union and entered service in 1995. It is a successor to the previous A-35, and complies with the 1972 Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty. The system is operated by the 9th Division of Anti-Missile Defence, part of the Air Defence and Missile Defence Command of the Russian Aerospace Defence Forces.
The Moscow Summit of 1972 was a summit meeting between President Richard M. Nixon of the United States and General Secretary Leonid Brezhnev of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. It was held May 22-30, 1972. It featured the signing of the Anti-Ballistic Missile (ABM) Treaty, the first Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty (SALT I), and the U.S.–Soviet Incidents at Sea agreement. The summit is considered one of the hallmarks of the détente at the time between the two Cold War antagonists.
Main building of CCBHS Former principal of CCBHS, Luisito C. Orma 2011-2012 Teachers 2012-2013 Teachers Caloocan City Business High School (CCBHS) is a business and technical-skills oriented public high school in Caloocan City, Metro Manila, Philippines. It offers ABM (Accountancy, Business and Management), HUMSS (Humanities and Social Sciences), STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) and TVL (Technical Vocational Livelihood) for Senior High School Students. Formerly known as Urduja Business High School, it is located at Sikatuna Ext., Urduja Village, Barangay 172, Caloocan City North.
CCBHS' program is open to all Junior High School completers who want to enhance and hone their skills in different areas. The school currently offers Senior High School tracks: Academic Track Strands: Accountancy, Business and Management (ABM), Humanities and Social Sciences (HUMSS), and opened Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) strand on A.Y. 2018–2019. Technical-Vocational-Livelihood (TVL) Track Strands: Information and Communications Technology (ICT), and Cookery. The school currently has three functional buildings (2 four-storey, and 1 three-storey), and one building under construction.
AMOS-2 carries 28 Ku-band transponders; 22 active with six as backups. With a mass of 1370 kg at launch, AMOS-2 incorporated a 400 newton Liquid Apogee Boost Motor (ABM) and fourteen 10 newton Reaction Control Thrusters for raising the satellite's orbit from Geostationary Transfer orbit to its final geostationary orbit as well as for its attitude control. It carried 450 kg of propellant (monomethyl hydrazine and MON-1). AMOS-2 measures 11.5 m in length in its final in-orbit configuration.
The GR-1's ability to deal with US ABM systems and its lengthy fueling process were also questioned by Soviet analysts. There were also significant delays associated with the production of the GR-1's NK-9 engine (of which the Kuznetsov bureau was responsible for). Under the weight of these issues, the GR-1 project finally fell apart in January 1965. Chelomey's UR-200A project lost a great deal of support after Khrushchev, his most important political ally, was ousted in 1964.
Schedule Caste (SC) constitutes 21.03 %, while Schedule Tribe (ST) were 1.15 % of total population in Bhawarna Khas village. Bhawarna also has a government Senior Secondary school, which is one of the oldest in the nearby region. Various private schools in Bhawarna are Dhauladhar Convent School, Neugal Model Public School, ABM Senior Secondary school, Paras Public school, Angel public school, Tiny Tots School and Rainbow public school Bhawarna, viveka foundations. Bhawarna is also known as a market place and is famous around its neighbouring villages.
The Department of Education granted ACT Main and South campuses permits to offer Senior High School program beginning school year 2016-17. Tracks offered included Academic, TVL, and Arts and Design. Offered under the Academic Tracks are the following strands: Accountancy, Business and Management (ABM), Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM), Humanities and Social Sciences (HUMMS), and General Academic Strand (GAS). Offered under the Tech-Voc Track is the Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Strand with majors in Animation, Computer Programming, Technical Drafting and Home Economics.
Far Eastern College – Silang, Inc. (also known as FEU Cavite) is a professional institution offering preschool, grade school, junior high school, senior high school and college in Silang, Cavite, a municipality 43 kilometers south of Manila in the Philippines. Established in 2009, the College offers programs in Tourism Management, Hospitality Management, Psychology, Information Technology, Accountancy, Marketing Management, and Financial Management. FEU Cavite Senior High School with academic tracks: Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM); Accountancy, Business, and Management (ABM); and Humanities and Social Sciences (HUMSS) since 2016.
Violet Friend would have used modified versions of the Bloodhound missile to attack ballistic missiles. Violet Friend was the Ministry of Supply rainbow code for an anti-ballistic missile (ABM) system developed in the United Kingdom. The project began in 1954 with study contracts for an early warning radar system, which was followed by the February 1955 release of Air Staff Target 1135 (AST.1135) calling for a system to counter intermediate range ballistic missiles (IRBMs) being fired at the UK from eastern Europe. AST.
Another international ABM meeting, this time including Canada, was held in London between 18 and 20 January 1956. The UK presented their work to date. A Marconi paper suggested the early warning task was technically possible and went on to consider radar jamming that might make the task considerably more difficult. The general topic of radar jamming became a major concern for the UK, and ultimately led to the RX12874 anti-jamming system that was part of the future Linesman/Mediator radar network of the late 1960s.
Michelle O'Brien interviews Congressmember Don Young in 2020. Midnight Sun attempted to sell itself in 1977, but years of petitions with a citizen group known as Alaskans for Better Media scuppered the sale. In addition, it was not until a 1980 settlement agreement with ABM that the company's broadcast licenses were renewed. In 1980, the group finally began to sell off its holdings piecemeal, beginning with the Anchorage and Fairbanks television stations and concluding with KTKN being sold to Gateway Broadcasting for $350,000 in 1981.
Project 640 had been the PRC's indigenous effort to develop ABM capability. The Academy of Anti-Ballistic Missile & Anti-Satellite was established from 1969 for the purpose of developing Project 640. The project was to involve at least three elements, including the necessary sensors and guidance/command systems, the Fan Ji (FJ) missile interceptor, and the XianFeng missile-intercepting cannon. The FJ-1 had completed two successful flight tests during 1979, while the low-altitude interceptor FJ-2 completed some successful flight tests using scaled prototypes.
The Reagan- era Strategic Defense Initiative (often referred to as "Star Wars"), along with research into various energy-beam weaponry, brought new interest in the area of ABM technologies. SDI was an extremely ambitious program to provide a total shield against a massive Soviet ICBM attack. The initial concept envisioned large sophisticated orbiting laser battle stations, space-based relay mirrors, and nuclear-pumped X-ray laser satellites. Later research indicated that some planned technologies such as X-ray lasers were not feasible with then-current technology.
After completing the Rhodesia Junior Certificate, in 1958 Mafico enrolled to take the Cambridge School Certificate at Hartzell Secondary School near the city of Mutare—in those colonial days the British education system being dominant. He paid his way through school by doing menial work after school. With the mentoring of Rev. John C. Heinrich, who was the superintendent of the American Board Mission (ABM) churches in Rhodesia, Mafico in 1960 embarked on his theological education at Epworth Theological School (now United Theological College) in Harare, Zimbabwe.
From the beginning of the Cold War, The United States, Russia, and other nations have all attempted to develop Anti-ballistic missiles. The United States developed the LIM-49 Nike Zeus in the 1950s in order to destroy incoming ICBMs. Russia has, too, developed ABM missiles in the form of the A-35 anti-ballistic missile system and the later A-135 anti-ballistic missile system. Chinese state media has also announced to have tested anti-ballistic missiles, though specific information is not public.
A person in the SSC must maintain a grade of 85 or higher for major subjects (English, Math, and Science) and a grade of 83 or higher for minor subjects. All incoming students will also take the test again in Grade 7, including those previously in the curriculum in Grade 6. In 2016, TMS opened its senior high school (Grades 11 and 12) program with the following strands: Accountancy, Business and Management (ABM), Humanities and Social Sciences (HUMSS), and Science, Technology, Engineering and Math (STEM).
Musically, "Spring Day" is a midtempo alternative hip hop and pop rock power ballad, with Brit rock and electronic influences. The song is composed in the time signature of time and the key of E major, with a tempo of 108 beats per minute. Constructed in verse–chorus form, the verses have an Eb–Gm–Cm/Cm7–Ab chord progression, whilst the chorus follows an Eb-Gm-Ab-Abm sequence. The song relies on rock instrumentation that consists primarily of keyboards, synthesizer, guitar and bass.
A comparison of the LoAD versus the Sprint. The much smaller size of LoAD belies its shorter operational range and need to fit within an MX shipping container. Sentry, known for most of its lifetime as LoADS for Low Altitude Defense System, was a short-range anti-ballistic missile (ABM) design made by the US Army during the 1970s. It was proposed as a defensive weapon that would be used in concert with the MX missile, a US Air Force ICBM that was under development.
McNamara was opposed to early deployment, while Congressman Daniel J. Flood would be a prime force for immediate deployment. McNamara's argument against deployment rested on two primary issues. One was the apparent ineffectiveness of the system, and especially its benefit-cost ratio compared to other options. For instance, fallout shelters would save more Americans for far less money, and in an excellent demonstration of his approach to almost any defense issue, he noted: The second issue, ironically, came about due to concerns about a Soviet ABM system.
While reporting to the Senate Armed Services Committee in February, McNamara noted that they expected the Soviets to have an initial ABM system deployed in 1966, and then later stated that the Nike-X would not be ready for use until 1970. Noting a "defensive gap", Strom Thurmond began an effort to deploy the existing Zeus as an interim system. Once again the matter spilled over into the press. On 11 April 1963, Thurmond led Congress in an effort to fund deployment of Zeus.
Many ABM frameworks are designed for serial von-Neumann computer architectures, limiting the speed and scalability of implemented models. Since emergent behavior in large-scale ABMs is dependent of population size, scalability restrictions may hinder model validation. Such limitations have mainly been addressed using distributed computing, with frameworks such as Repast HPC specifically dedicated to these type of implementations. While such approaches map well to cluster and supercomputer architectures, issues related to communication and synchronization, as well as deployment complexity, remain potential obstacles for their widespread adoption.
But in 1969 the minister gave BR permission to close the line despite massive local opposition. The line from Firsby Junction to Grimsby was closed after the last passenger train departed on 5 October 1970. The line from Firsby Junction to Louth was quickly lifted, and the infrastructure left to deteriorate. The section from Louth to Grimsby was singled (the down line lifted), and was retained for an additional 10 years for grain traffic three times a week to the ABM building at Louth.
His studies played a role in the Partial Test Ban Treaty signed by President John F. Kennedy. In 1969, Sternglass reached the conclusion that 400,000 infants had died because of medical problems caused by fallout—chiefly lowered resistance to disease and reductions in birth weight. In an article in Esquire, he claimed that the fallout from the nuclear explosions of an Anti- ballistic missile (ABM) system would kill all children in the U.S.Sternglass, Sep 1969, "The Death of All Children", Esquire magazine (This claim was distorted by Dixy Lee Ray in 1989, asserting that Sternglass had said this of all nuclear weapons testing, in an op-ed in which she also dismissed anthropogenic global warming as "the current scare".) Freeman Dyson, taking up the debate over ABM systems in the pages of Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, disagreed with Sternglass, although he admitted :The evidence is not sufficient to prove Sternglass is right [but] the essential point is that Sternglass may be right. The margin of uncertainty in the effects of world- wide fallout is so large that we have no justification for dismissing Sternglass's numbers as fantastic.
There are four tracks that are being offered in iACADEMY. First is the Academic Track, which offers two strands in Accountancy Business and Management (ABM) and Humanities and Social Sciences (HUMSS), second is the Technical Vocational (Tech-Voc) Track, which offers four strands in Computer Programming (Software Development), Animation, Fashion Design, and Graphic Illustration, third is the Arts and Design Track offers two strands in Multimedia Arts and Audio Production, and last is the Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math (STEM) Track, which only offers Robotics as its strand.
Their English has a strong Yiddish influence; there are some similarities to English spoken in New York. Words used mainly in Quebec and especially in Montreal are:Boberg, p. 36. stage for "apprenticeship" or "internship", copybook for a notebook, dépanneur or dep for a convenience store, and guichet for an ABM/ATM. It is also common for Anglophones, particularly of Greek or Italian descent, to use translated French words instead of common English equivalents such as "open" and "close" for "on" and "off" or "Open the lights, please" for "Turn on the lights, please".
Mr. Madabushi Seshachari who was appointed in the ABM school later urged the rich of Allur to start a school so that he can help them by joining the school for the all-round development of school and also to promote educational values in the younger generation of the village. He also took help from Ramakrishna Mission for organising the school and started Ramakirshna Middle School in 1928.South India Teachers's Union, 1934 It was later extended to high school in 1934, to Junior College in 1950 and to Degree College in 1998.
Although there was no indication of significant publication bias, the authors identified that quality of the studies was substandard and wedged the effect sizes. From a clinical point of view, these findings imply that ABM is not yet ready for wide-scale dissemination as a treatment for SAD in routine care. It has been found that attention training works through an improvement in the ability to disengage attention from threatening cues. Moreover, it has also been evidenced that attention bias modification is related to changes in activation of the prefrontal cortex to emotional stimuli.
Throughout its lifetime, HBSS has undergone several major baseline updates as well as minor maintenance releases. The first major release of HBSS was known as Baseline 1.0 and contained the McAfee ePolicy orchestrator engine, HIPS, software compliance profiler (SCP), rogue system detection (RSD), asset baseline manager (ABM), and assets software. As new releases were introduced, these software products have evolved, had new products added, and in some cases, been completely replaced for different products. As of January, 2011, HBSS is currently at Baseline 4.5, Maintenance Release 2.0 (MR2).
The assets baseline module, released in Baseline 1.0 as a government off-the-shelf (GOTS) product, is used to address system baseline configurations and changes in order to respond to information operations condition (INFOCON) (INFOCON) changes necessary during times of heightened security threats to the system. During the initial deployment stages of HBSS, the assets module was juvenile and lacked much of the products intended capabilities. However, the application has fully evolved into a robust and feature packed version capable of handling the original software's design goals. ABM was originally known as Assets 1.0.
Fender Custom Shop 5 String Basses, Fender Heartfield 5 String Bass, Fernandes Tremour Basses, ESP Horizon 5 String Basses, Fender Strings, DR Strings, EMG pick ups, Bill Laurence pick ups, Ampeg 1968 SVT, Ampeg SVT 2pro, Ampeg SVT 4pro, Ampeg BSP pre amp, Mesa/Boogie M-Pulse 600, Ampeg 8x10 classic speaker cabinets, Mesa/Boogie 8x10 speaker cabinets, Tech 21 Sans Amp-Bass Driver DI, Line 6 Bass Pod Pro, DigiTech effects pedals Byron has recently signed a deal with Ashdown Amps for equipment of the ABM range.
The US Army had considered the issue of shooting down theater ballistic missiles of the V-2 missile type as early as the mid-1940s. Early studies suggested their short flight times, on the order of 5 minutes, would make it difficult to detect, track and shoot at these weapons. However, in spite of their much higher performance, intercontinental ballistic missiles' longer flight times and higher trajectories made them, theoretically, much easier to attack. In 1955 the Army gave Bell Labs, who had developed the earlier Nike missiles, a contract to study the ABM issue.
Nixon pressed ahead in spite of objections and complaints about limited performance, and the reasons for his strong support remains a subject of debate among historians and political commentators. Through the Safeguard era, talks between the US and Soviet Union originally started by President Lyndon B. Johnson were continuing. The Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty of 1972 limited the US and Soviet Union to two ABM sites each. Safeguard was scaled back to sites in North Dakota and Montana, abandoning initial work at a site in Missouri, and cancelling all other planned bases.
In spite of all of these problems, which McNamara repeatedly made public in a series of talks, the Johnson administration was under intense pressure to deploy an ABM system. In 1966 Congress voted to provide deployment funding for Nike-X, although McNamara refused to use it. As the 1967 elections approached, it became clear that this was going to be a major election issue. McNamara proposed arms limitations talks with the Soviets to put upper limits on the numbers of ABMs and warheads, but the Glassboro Summit Conference ultimately came to nothing.
By late 1967 it was clear the Soviets were not seriously considering limitations, and were continuing deployment of their own ABM system. In September, the Chinese tested their first H-bomb. McNamara and Johnson seized on this as a solution to the problem; a defense against the tiny Chinese fleet was both technically possible and relatively low-cost. Deploying this system would mute the ongoing debate, even over the long term if the option was open to expand the system to Nike-X coverage levels in the future.
Flight of the Old Dog is the story of a secret highly modified B-52 bomber flying into the Soviet Union on an impromptu strike mission. The book begins with a B-52 crew during a military exercise in Idaho. Not long after, the Americans discover the existence of a Soviet ground-based laser in the Kamchatka Peninsula. Although Moscow insists that the system does not violate existing strategic accords such as the ABM Treaty, their frequent use of the laser in striking vital US assets challenges Washington's patience before the UN. Meanwhile, Gen.
Consideration of cost-exchange ratios was influential in persuading the United States and the Soviet Union to sign the ABM Treaty. The topic was once again a consideration in the era of the Strategic Defense Initiative, SDI or "Star Wars". In this case the defensive weapons attacked the ICBMs before they released their warheads, reducing the exchange ratio to one, although at a very high dollar cost. Some weapons, like the Project Excalibur system, completely reversed the ratio by attacking dozens of missiles at once, a single weapon thereby potentially destroying hundreds of warheads.
The Scottish Intelligence Database was designed by an external supplier, ABM United Kingdom Limited, under the supervision of a team from SPIS, headed by Detective Superintendent Ian McCandlish, seconded from Strathclyde Police. In respect of his involvement with the SID Project, Det Supt McCandlish was a contributor to the Bichard Inquiry (concerning the 2002 murders of Holly Wells and Jessica Chapman by Ian Huntley, in particular the concerns that case raised regarding how a person with Huntley's police record and background could have been approved to work in proximity to children).
Although the noise was never identified, the panel concluded that the system could still be made operational by further improvements in the receivers; although the resulting system would only be marginally useful. Instead the USAF simply gave up and on 30 June 1973 the system was shut down, never having been used operationally. It is estimated to have cost between $100 and $150 million (roughly $1 billion in 2016 money). As part of the ABM Treaty, large long-range radars were limited to operation in the home countries of the operators.
They could all be launched from the same missile launchers, and used the same radars. In the ABM role the launch control would be remote and have ties to other radars as well, but the overall system was otherwise similar. A key aspect of the system was a fast reload time so follow-up salvos could be attacked. For the warhead, several designs were considered, the ~6 kT Indigo Hammer, the smaller Pixie, and the similar- sized Wee Gwen, a UK version of the W54 "Wee Gnat" of the US's Davy Crockett.
Nike Zeus was based on concepts developed for the Nike Ajax and Nike Hercules anti-aircraft missiles. Its separate radars did not have the capability of dealing with more than a few warheads at a time. The US Army began ABM research in 1955, after a Bell Labs report concluded that modern computers, radars, and missile systems had improved to the point where attacks on ICBM reentry vehicles (RVs) were a possibility. The task is not trivial; RVs are travelling at about per second and have a small radar cross section, perhaps only .
Ashmawy regularly visited the al-Anwar al-Muhamadiyya Mosque in Cairo's Matareya district between 2010 and 2012. Meetings between him and "extremist elements" became frequent after he left the military, according to an October 2015 episode about Ashmawy on Death Making, an Al Arabiya program. During that time, he started embracing Islamic militancy as an ideology, particularly the al-Qaeda brand. Ashmawy managed to form a militant cell with four other suspended officers following his 2011 dismissal, and later joined Ansar Bait al-Maqdis (ABM) in 2012 and gradually rose in the group's ranks.
Gliding makes it more maneuverable and extends its range. Although gliding creates more drag, it flies further than it would on a higher trajectory through space, and is too low to be intercepted by exo- atmospheric kill vehicles. The tradeoff is that warheads have less speed and altitude as they near the target, making them vulnerable to lower-tier interceptors, such as the Mach 17 Russian 53T6, ABM-3 Gazelle. Other potential counter-hypersonic interception measures may involve laser or railgun technologies, but such technologies will not be readily available.
Pythagoras is a multi-sided agent-based model (ABM) created to support the growth and refinement of the U.S. Marine Corps Warfighting Laboratory's's Project Albert. Anything with a behavior can be represented as an agent. The interaction of the agents and their behaviors can lead to unexpected or emerging group behaviors, which is the primary strength of this type of modeling approach. As Pythagoras has grown in capability, it has been applied to a wide variety of tactical, operational and campaign-level topics in conventional and irregular warfare.
Testing of the LGM-118A Peacekeeper re-entry vehicles, all eight shot from only one missile. Each line represents the path of a warhead which, were it live, would detonate with the explosive power of twenty-five Hiroshima-style weapons. ABM systems were developed initially to counter single warheads launched from large Intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs). The economics seemed simple enough; since rocket costs increase rapidly with size, the price of the ICBM launching a large warhead should always be greater than the much smaller interceptor missile needed to destroy it.
The US Army began studying the anti-ballistic missile in a serious fashion in 1955. Working with Bell Labs, who had delivered the successful Nike and Nike B surface-to-air missiles (SAM), they began by considering what was essentially a direct update of the Nike concepts to the ABM mission. Bell returned a report suggesting that minor upgrades to the Hercules missile, along with much more powerful radars and computers, would do the trick. This was initially known as Nike II, but renamed Nike Zeus in 1956.
However this has been denied by the ANC and the police who blame a 'forum' associated with Abahlali baseMjondolo for the violence.Ethnic Tensions Boil Over, Niren Tolsi, Mail & Guardian, 3 October 2009 The attacks have garnered national and international condemnation with some people labelling the events a 'coup'. Churches also issued statements of condemnation.South African Council of Churches Appalled by Violent Attacks Against Democracy The KwaZulu-Natal Department of Safety and Security held meetings for stakeholders however these were condemned as unrepresentative by church leaders and AbM representatives.
Any increase in missile fleet by the enemy could be countered by a similar increase in interceptors. With MIRV, a single new enemy missile meant that multiple interceptors would have to be built, meaning that it was much less expensive to increase the attack than the defense. This cost- exchange ratio was so heavily biased towards the attacker that the concept of mutual assured destruction became the leading concept in strategic planning and ABM systems were severely limited in the 1972 Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty in order to avoid a massive arms race.
Also, one should have in mind that a lot of papers have been published since then. Bahmani-Oskooee and Abm (2005) and Egert, Halpern and McDonald (2006) also provide quite interesting surveys of empirical evidence on BS effect. Over time, the testing of the HBS model has evolved quite dramatically. Panel data and time series techniques have crowded out old cross-section tests, demand side and terms of trade variables have emerged as explanatory variables, new econometric methodologies have replaced old ones, and recent improvements with endogenous tradability have provided direction for future researchers.
From the 1950s to the 1980s, the United States and Canada fielded a low-yield nuclear-tipped air-to-air rocket, the AIR-2 Genie. Further developments of this concept, some with much larger warheads, led to the early anti-ballistic missiles. The United States have largely taken nuclear air- defense weapons out of service with the fall of the Soviet Union in the early 1990s. Russia updated its nuclear tipped Soviet era anti-ballistic missile (ABM) system, known as the A-135 anti-ballistic missile system in 1995.
On 26 June, the United States conducted its third ABM test of the month, when a THAAD missile was used to intercept a Threat Representative Ballistic Missile. The TRBM was launched from a C-17 Globemaster III aircraft, flying over the Pacific Ocean, at 02:16 UTC. A THAAD missile was launched from the Kwajalein Missile Range at 02:22, and the missile was successfully intercepted, during the stage at which the mock warhead separated from the missile. The THAAD did not leave the atmosphere, however the target did.
By providing two or more "channels", each with its own gain, equalization and volume knobs, a bassist can preset various settings (e.g., an accompaniment setting for playing a backing part and a solo bass setting for playing a bass solo). In a heavy metal band, a bassist may use a multi-channel amp to have one setting with an aggressive overdrive, while another channel has a "clean" sound for ballads. An unusual feature on Ashdown bass amps is a VU meter with a needle, which indicates input signal levels (pictured is the Ashdown ABM-300).
IIM Lucknow offers Master degree. The Post Graduate Programme in Management (MBA), Post Graduate Programme in Agribusiness Management (MBA-ABM), and Post Graduate Programme in Sustainable Management (MBA-SM) are full-time residential masters courses.These are two-year programs, with the first year stretching from June to March in three ten-week trimesters, after which students undergo a two-month summer internship with a company or organisation. The specialisations offered in the second year are Finance, Marketing, Operations, Human Resources, Systems, Strategy and Economics — while the PGPABM course students specialise in Agribusiness.
Minister of Police to pay damages to Abahlali members for police brutality , Socio-Economic Rights Institute of South Africa On 26 June 2013, local AbM leader Nkululeko Gwala was assassinated in the Cato Crest shack settlement in Durban. He had led protests over the distribution of public housing and was shot 12 times. Hours before the murder, an ANC politician had said he was a trouble-maker.KZN: Anatomy of an assassination , Niki Moore, Daily Maverick, 31 July 2013 Another local activist had been previously shot dead in March.
Abahlali baseMjondolo (AbM, , in English: "the people of the shacks") is a shack dwellers' movement in South Africa which campaigns both against evictions and for public housing. The movement grew out of a road blockade organised from the Kennedy Road shack settlement in the city of Durban in early 2005 and expanded to the cities of Pietermaritzburg and Cape Town. It is the largest shack dwellers' organisation in South Africa, campaigning to improve the living conditions of poor people and to democratise society from below. As of 2010, it had 25,000 members.
The first suborbital launch of 2010 was conducted at 23:00 GMT on 10 January, when a Black Brant IX sounding rocket was launched as a target for the Boeing YAL-1 airborne-laser platform. On 11 January, China conducted an ABM test, involving two missiles. The first orbital launch occurred at 16:12 UTC on 16 January, when a Long March 3C launched the Compass-G1 navigation satellite from the Xichang Satellite Launch Centre. Seventy-four orbital launches were attempted in 2010, with seventy being successful and four ending in failure.
While a large part of the former ABMA went to form MSFC, there were still major U.S. Army activities on Redstone Arsenal, and BECO had work in some of these. In May 1962, most of the activities were consolidated to become the U.S. Army Missile Command (AMC). Although Cummings was mainly involved with increasing BECO's work for MSFC, he recognized the potential of business with AMC and established close relationships with many of the leaders. One of these was Colonel (later Brigadier General) Ivy O. Drewry, Manager of the new Anti-Ballistic Missile (ABM) program.
Implementation of ABM strategy provides for lead generation in offline sales, ABS strategy provides for transformation of leads into sales. ABS strategy implies teamwork of all departments involved in sales of goods or services, primarily sales and marketing departments, as well as corporate coaches and top management. Instead of traditional scenario and template work, ABS departments adapt their activities to specific microsegments of the target audience, focusing on personalized interaction with multiple stakeholders. This is not a quantitative approach, but a qualitative one, which considers each microsegment of the target audience as a market.
Robert McNamara felt that deploying an ABM system would simply prompt the Soviets to built more ICBMs to overwhelm it, leading to a new arms race. He also felt that more missiles meant more chances for an accidental launch, which would actually increase the change of a war and lower overall security. McNamara constantly delaying deployment of Nike-X, but faced increasing criticism for doing so. When the Chinese tested their first H-bomb in 1967, McNamara announced a much smaller deployment known as Sentinel as a "Chinese oriented" system.
This placed the launch sites in distant locations that were less controversial. In the midst of construction of the first two Safeguard sites, the Soviets returned to the negotiations. This led to the 1972 Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty, limiting each side to a total of 100 interceptor missiles located in up to two ABM bases, and amending that to only one base in 1974. The Soviets chose to complete their system around Moscow while the US continued with construction of one of the Safeguard sites outside Grand Forks, North Dakota.
The Army picked up these options, developing two concepts. The first, Project Quick-Shot, was basically identical to the Feld and Tsipis version, although they did consider some sort of low-cost guidance system as well. A second concept launched optical trackers into space in the path of the incoming missiles, and used their data to fine-tune the launch of unguided rockets that would work at longer ranges. As this had no radar component, it would bypass provisions in the ABM treaty over the number and placement of radar sites.
The Soviet Union announced that the new radar was for space surveillance rather than for early warning of missile attack, and hence was compliant with the ABM treaty. The radar was given the designation OS-3 (OS-1 was Mishelevka and OS-2 Balkhash) rather than an RO- designation which would be associated with an early warning site. However the radar appeared to be a Daryal radar which were used for ballistic missile early warning as well as space surveillance. The United States complained and construction was halted in 1987.
High-Level Data Link Control (HDLC) is a bit-oriented code-transparent synchronous data link layer protocol developed by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). The standard for HDLC is ISO/IEC 13239:2002. HDLC provides both connection-oriented and connectionless service. HDLC can be used for point-to-multipoint connections via the original master- slave modes Normal Response Mode (NRM) and Asynchronous Response Mode (ARM), but they are now rarely used; it is now used almost exclusively to connect one device to another, using Asynchronous Balanced Mode (ABM).
An agent-based model (ABM) is a class of computational models for simulating the actions and interactions of autonomous agents (both individual or collective entities such as organizations or groups) with a view to assessing their effects on the system as a whole. It combines elements of game theory, complex systems, emergence, computational sociology, multi-agent systems, and evolutionary programming. Monte Carlo methods are used to introduce randomness. Particularly within ecology, ABMs are also called individual-based models (IBMs), and individuals within IBMs may be simpler than fully autonomous agents within ABMs.
Mohibul Hasan Chowdhury (Nowfel) was born in Chattogram, Bangladesh on 26 July 1983. His father, ABM Mohiuddin Chowdhury, was a Bangladesh Awami League politician who served as the mayor of Chattogram, the second-largest city in Bangladesh. Mohiuddin was a popular Awami League leader with strong tie to working class groups and was known to be a staunch loyalist of the party leader Sheikh Hasina. He was elected as the Mayor of Chattogram for three consecutive terms, winning difficult elections when BNP party was in power and Awami League was being persecuted.
Taguig Science High School opened its main campus at Brgy. San Miguel, Taguig City for the incoming Grade 7 and 10 and Senior High School of Academic Year 2016-2017. It initially housed approximately 300 Grade 10 Students and more than 200 Senior High School students. It offered the Senior High School application, in accordance to the resolution that was ordered by the Department of Education, for incoming students which were separated into 2 tracks -Science and Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) Track and Accountancy and Business Management (ABM) Track Listed on the List of Senior High Schools by the Department of Education.
The ABM project has two missiles—namely the AAD (Advanced Air Defence) and PAD (Prithvi Air Defence) missiles. The former is an endo-atmospheric interceptor of new design, which can intercept targets to a height of . Whereas the latter is a modified Prithvi missile, dubbed the Axo-atmospheric interceptor (AXO) with a dedicated second stage kill vehicle for ballistic missile interception, up to an altitude of . Both these missiles are cued by an active phased array Long Range Tracking Radar, similar to the Elta GreenPine but made with locally developed components, which include DRDO-developed transmit/receive modules.
Jackson was known as a hawkish Democrat. He was often criticized for his support for the Vietnam War and his close ties to the defense industries of his state. His proposal of Fort Lawton as a site for an anti-ballistic missile system was strongly opposed by local residents, and Jackson was forced to modify his position on the location of the site several times, but continued to support ABM development. American Indian rights activists who protested Jackson's plan to give Fort Lawton to Seattle, instead of returning it to local tribes, staged a sit-in.
Between 1944 and 1945, about 3,600 German V-2 rockets were fired at allied targets in Europe. Armed with conventional high-explosive warheads, the V-2 had little serious strategic value, but if armed with nuclear weapons they could be significant weapons used against field targets in Europe. On 20 June 1945, the Army Ground Forces Equipment Review Board, or Cook Board, listed the requirement for "High velocity guided missiles...capable of...destroying missiles of the V-2 type, should be developed at the earliest practicable date." In July 1945 the Signal Corps started basic research into two radar systems for ABM use.
The origin of FJ ABM traces back to December 15, 1963, when Chairman Mao Zedong first initiated the idea. On February 2, 1964, the formal requirement was issued. Also in 1964, the 2nd Academy of the 7th Ministry of Machinery Industry (currently the 2nd Academy of China Aerospace Science & Industry Corporation(CASIC)), also known as the Ministry of Aerospace Industry, began to work on the proposal and to establish programs at the same time. A plan outlining the missile defence weapon development submitted by the Chinese Commission for Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense (COSTIND) was approved in August 1965.
With the full implementation of the K-12 Basic Education Program, XU started offering Senior High School in the school year 2016–2017 with both Academic and Technical-Vocational tracks. Under the Academic Track are Accountancy and Business Management (ABM), General Academic (GA), Humanities and Social Studies (HUMSS), and Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM). The students enrolled in the Academic Track are housed in the Agriculture Building and Commerce Building of the main campus while the students of the Tech-Voc Track are in the Jose Chavez Alvarez Technology Complex in uptown Cagayan de Oro.
This arrangement was originally described as a "cluster warhead" but was replaced with the term Multiple Re-Entry Vehicle (MRV). They were not independently targeted (as a MIRV missile is) but the three warheads were spread about a common target, landing about apart and one second apart so as to not be affected by each other's radiation pulse. They were stated to be equivalent in destructive power to a single one-megaton warhead. It was believed that the MRV arrangement would also make the warhead harder to intercept with an anti- ballistic missile (ABM) similar to that of the American Nike Zeus system.
The Förderverein Wilder Robert ('Society for the Promotion of the 'Wild Robert') was founded in 1994 with the aim of preserving the historic sites and vehicles of the so-called Wilder Robert or 'Wild Robert' line. To begin with the society's sphere of activity was the running of special trips with the existing, operational vehicle fleet using, amongst others, the Saxon IV K steam locomotives, nos. 99 561, 99 574 and 99 584. With the help of ABM and local firms, members of the society gradually began to restore the distinctive buildings along the narrow gauge railway.
The film ran over 100 days in many centres and became a popular film for Chiranjeevi's performance and cult dance movements. The 100 days function of movie was celebrated in Ongole, Andhra Pradesh, where a huge set (which resembles Emperor Fort) was erected on a local government school grounds named ABM grounds and was concluded lavishly with fireworks. Many people attended the function such that it even became a day's headache for police to control the crowd. The Tamil version Tiger was also a box office hit, and one among Chiranjeevi's most well-received Tamil-dubbed films in his career.
In the Philippines, STEM is a two-year program and strand that is used for Senior High School (Grade 11 and 12), as signed by the Department of Education or DepEd. The STEM strand is under the Academic Track, which also include other strands like ABM, HUMMS, and GAS. The purpose of STEM strand is to educate students in the field of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics, in an interdisciplinary and applied approach, and to give students advance knowledge and application in the field. After completing the program, the students will earn a Diploma in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics.
Air Battle Managers (ABM) are non-pilot / non-CSO officer aircrew who operate mission systems in the E-3 Sentry "AWACS" and E-8 J-STARS. Since October 1999, they have been considered "aeronautically rated officers" on par with USAF pilots and Navigators-cum-CSOs. ABMs complete Undergraduate Air Battle Manager Training (UABMT), an academic and simulator- only program under AETC cognizance at Tyndall AFB, Florida. As of May 2010, a new training syllabus at Tyndall AFB allows ABMs to receive their wings at the conclusion of UABMT, finally bringing their undergraduate flight training in line with pilots and CSOs.
The Stanley R. Mickelsen Safeguard Complex Missile Site Radar, one of the prominent features of the only completed complex under the Safeguard Program; radar and underground control building on the right, underground power plant on the left. The Safeguard Program was a U.S. Army anti-ballistic missile (ABM) system designed to protect the U.S. Air Force's Minuteman ICBM silos from attack, thus preserving the US's nuclear deterrent fleet. It was intended primarily to protect against the very small Chinese ICBM fleet, limited Soviet attacks and various other limited-launch scenarios. A full-scale attack by the Soviets would easily overwhelm it.
After the war additional large plants were constructed: the aluminum plant, the metallurgic plant, the plant of base metals and many others. In the late 1970s, the Soviet Union began constructing a phased array radar station at Abalakova, near Krasnoyarsk, which violated the ABM Treaty. Beginning in 1983, the United States demanded its removal, until the Soviet Union admitted the radar station was a violation in 1989. Equipment was slowly removed from the site and by 1992 it was officially declared to be dismantled, though the equipment from the site was likely relocated to a new site near Komsomolsk-na-Amure.
The original designs used semi-active radar guidance, with the targets being continually illuminated by the Type 86 and a receiver in the missile using that signal for guidance. In the ABM role, the missile would have to be launched long before the enemy warhead arrived, so this required a new command guidance system to be used during the launch phase. The combination of this new guidance system and a small nuclear warhead became the Mk. 3. With these exceptions, the Mk. 3 was otherwise similar to the Mk. 2, and the Mk. 1 before it.
Spartan missiles formed the backbone of the Sentinel system. This dual launch from Meck Island in the South Pacific successfully intercepted a reentry vehicle launched from Vandenberg Air Force Base in California. Sentinel was a proposed US Army anti-ballistic missile (ABM) system designed to provide a light layer of protection over the entire United States, able to defend against small ICBM strikes like those expected from China, or accidental launches from the USSR or other states. The system would have seventeen bases, each centered on its Missile Site Radar (MSR) and a computerized command center buried below it.
Similar groups sprang up in other cities selected to host Sentinel. In Seattle, University of Washington graduate student Newell Mack organized a student led citizen's group, and a similar organization formed in Detroit led by physicist Alvin Saperstein. The Federation of American Scientists became an informational hub on the issue, publishing a number of position papers. This coincided with a series of public releases by a number of well respected scientists who outlined the problems with the ABM concept as a whole, and pointed out the destabilizing effects such a system might have on the balance of power.
In 1963, he began working on an arms control proposal for preventing anti-ballistic missile (ABM) systems."Should the Soviet Union Build an Anti-Ballistic Missile System?" (March, 1963); and "Anti-ballistic Missiles and Arms Control" (December 12, 1963), Hudson Institute paper HI-314P In 1964-1966 he was a research associate at the Harvard Center for International Affairs (CFIA) where he wrote two books: Containing the Arms Race: Some Specific Proposals (MIT Press, 1966) and Strategic Persuasion: Arms Control Through Dialogue (Columbia University Press, 1967). He taught mathematics and arms control at Pomona College from 1966-68.
Wilson attempted to address the inter-service rivalries by enforcing a strict limit on the range of Army systems. In his 26 November 1956 memorandum, he limited the Army to weapons with range, and those involved in ground-to-air defense to only . This forced the Army to turn its Jupiter IRBM systems to the Air Force, and to limit the range of their ABM developments. This did not do much to stop the squabbling, nor did it solve the problems that led to the issues in the first place – the fight over Hercules and BOMARC and related anti-missile developments.
This was part of Stage 1 upgrades to the defensive systems, in the later Stage 2, both Bloodhound and the fighters would be replaced by a longer-range missile code named Blue Envoy. When this was ultimately cancelled in 1957, parts of its design were worked into Bloodhound Mk. II, roughly doubling the range of the missile. The Mk. I began to be replaced by the Mk. II starting in 1964. Mk. II performance was such that it was also selected as the interceptor missile in the Violet Friend ABM system, although this was ultimately cancelled.
A Ground-Based Interceptor of the United States' Ground-Based Midcourse Defense system, loaded into a silo at Fort Greely, Alaska, in July 2004 An anti-ballistic missile (ABM) is a surface-to-air missile designed to counter ballistic missiles (missile defense). Ballistic missiles are used to deliver nuclear, chemical, biological, or conventional warheads in a ballistic flight trajectory. The term "anti-ballistic missile" is a generic term conveying a system designed to intercept and destroy any type of ballistic threat; however, it is commonly used for systems specifically designed to counter intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs).
Royal Navy Type 45 destroyers, and French Navy and Italian Navy Horizon and FREMM frigates operate Aster 30 missiles Italy and France have developed a missile family called Aster (Aster 15 and Aster 30). Aster 30 is capable of ballistic missile defense. On 18 October 2010, France announced a successful tactical ABM test of the Aster 30 missile and on 1 December 2011 a successful interception of a Black Sparrow ballistic target missile. Royal Navy Type 45 destroyers and French Navy and Italian Navy Horizon -class frigates, and FREMM -class frigates are armed with PAAMS, using Aster 15 and Aster 30 missiles.
Advanced Air Defence (AAD) interceptor missile India has an active ABM development effort using indigenously developed and integrated radars, and indigenous missiles.Interview: Vijay Kumar Saraswat Chief Controller of Research and Development, India's DRDO In November 2006, India successfully conducted the PADE (Prithvi Air Defence Exercise) in which an anti-ballistic missile, called the Prithvi Air Defence (PAD), an exo- atmospheric (outside the atmosphere) interceptor system, intercepted a Prithvi-II ballistic missile. The PAD missile has the secondary stage of the Prithvi missile and can reach altitude of . During the test, the target missile was intercepted at a altitude.
V-1000 The Soviet military had requested funding for ABM research as early as 1953, but were only given the go-ahead to begin deployment of such a system on 17 August 1956. Their test system, known simply as System A, was based on the V-1000 missile, which was similar to the early US efforts. The first successful test interception was carried out on 24 November 1960, and the first with a live warhead on 4 March 1961. In this test, a dummy warhead was released by a R-12 ballistic missile launched from the Kapustin Yar, Viewed 26 May 2012.
The conclusion from these tests was that the only solution to such an attack profile would be to use multiple radar systems netting them together, and selecting whichever one has the clearest view of the targets. This would greatly increase the expense of an ABM system, as the radars were among the most expensive components of systems like Nike-X. Against longer-ranged missiles like Spartan, these same high-altitude explosions represented a more serious problem. In this case, the missile was expected to be carrying out interceptions at ranges as great as , a distance that took some time to reach.
Instead of launching two missiles in an almost simultaneous salvo, a brief delay (between 3 and 4 seconds) was added in order to allow the second missile launched to discriminate a ballistic missile warhead in the aftermath of the explosion of the first. PAC-2 was first tested in 1987 and reached Army units in 1990, just in time for deployment to the Middle East for the Persian Gulf War. It was there that Patriot was first regarded as a successful ABM system and proof that ballistic missile defense was indeed possible. The complete study on its effectiveness remains classified.
Agaricus subrufescens was first described by the American botanist Charles Horton Peck in 1893. During the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, it was cultivated for the table in the eastern United States. It was discovered again in Brazil during the 1970s, and misidentified as Agaricus blazei Murrill, a species originally described from Florida. It was soon marketed for its purported medicinal properties under various names, including ABM (for Agaricus blazei Murrill), cogumelo do sol (mushroom of the sun), cogumelo de Deus (mushroom of God), cogumelo de vida (mushroom of life), himematsutake, royal sun agaricus, Mandelpilz, and almond mushroom.
The first reports of a club under the name ABM Galaxy existing in the nation's capital date back to March 2015, confirming their participation in the 2014–15 Port Vila Second Division, the lowest level of football in the capital. The side won that season's competition, and earned promotion to the Port Vila First Division. In 2016, the club took part in the 2016 PVFA Cup, a warm-up competition ahead of the new season. The club reached the semi-finals. The club proceeded to finish fourth in the 2016 First Division, and then 6th in the 2017 edition.
ABM Pauls used to have a large malt kiln, which was the first of its kind built in Europe to an American design out of reinforced concrete in 1949. The site had been the location of a maltings since 1870 which was destroyed by German bombs in 1940, and had to be built on the old site to qualify for war compensation. At its height the maltings processed 50,000 tonnes of barley per year, with exports handled through the nearby port of Immingham. The maltings closed in 1998 and the tall structure was left derelict for many years.
Mlungisi Ndlovu, the gunman they had hired, was handed a sentence of 12 years in jail. After a call was made for eThekwini Mayor Zandile Gumede to step down to face charges of racketeering and fraud, the Durban offices of AbM were burgled in May 2019. No money was taken but two computer hard drives were stolen. When Zikode said he was concerned by the timing of the burglary, the mayor's representative replied: "This is an old, repeated, fabricated allegation by Abahlali … they must approach relevant security agencies if they have evidence instead of the media".
Under the Academic track, students may enroll in one of the three offered strands: Accountancy, Business, and Management (ABM), Humanities and Social Sciences (HUMSS), and General Academic Strand (GAS). Meanwhile, after finishing a Technical-Vocational-Livelihood track in Grade 12, a student may obtain a National Certificate Level II (NC II), provided he/she passes the competency-based assessment of the Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA). NC I and NC II improves employability of graduates in fields like agriculture, electronics, and trade. Upon satisfactory compliance with the program's requirements, the students are awarded their diploma during the annual Graduation Ceremony.
Its current squadron was formed in 1978, when the concept of Air Weapons Controller was added to the established concept of Fighter Weapons. The first Air Weapons Controllers graduated in December 1984 to become Fighter Weapons School instructors. Instruction at the 8th Weapons Squadron continues to this very day in the fields of United States Air Force tactical air control system (TACS), Air Battle Management (ABM), Electronic Warfare Support (ES), Electronic attack (EA) and their integration in operations. The course has graduated over 350 instructors who have been key to every conflict and contingency since 1985.
Emerged in the mid-2010s as a further development of account-based marketing (ABM) strategy, hyper-segmented sales are considered one of the youngest strategies. However, according to research and consulting company Gartner, from 2020 ABS will be the basis of sales for most technology vendors, and the volume of this market will exceed $5 billion per year. The ABS concept was developed for use in the B2B industry, where an average of 6.8 people make purchasing decisions. ABS increases sales volumes by involving all key persons in the transaction, offering them targeted presentation content that takes into account only their business interests.
As they were unguided, they suggested that they would not be considered interceptor missiles under the ABM treaty, but also suggested that a renegotiation might be required. The Army quickly picked up these options, developing two concepts. The first, Project Quick-Shot, was basically identical to the Feld and Tsipis version, although they did consider some sort of low-cost guidance system as well. A second concept launched optical trackers into space in the path of the incoming missiles, and used their data to fine-tune the launch of unguided rockets that would work at longer ranges.
The system as a whole was renamed Sentry, with the missile becoming the Baseline Terminal Defense System, or BTDS. Work on MX and Sentry was further accelerated by incoming President Ronald Reagan in 1981. However, after another review of the MX program, Reagan chose a different MX deployment concept and cancelled Sentry, stating that it would violate the ABM treaty. As the questionable security of the MX once again became an issue, Reagan briefly entertained an even shorter-range system known as Swarmjet, before the entire MX program was severely curtailed with the ending of the Cold War.
Through the 1950s and 60s, the US Army had been developing ABM systems as a defense against the ICBM. At first these were tasked with countering a force of dozens or maybe 100 warheads, targeted against US cities and large industrial sites. This was seen as a relatively simple task not unlike the Army's existing anti- aircraft role. However, as the numbers of ICBMs in the Soviet forces rapidly grew, the price of implementing such a system quickly ran out of control, reaching $40 billion ($ billion in ), a significant amount of the total budget of the US Department of Defense.
The President also offered to hold off construction on Sentinel if the Soviets did the same. As the Soviets continued construction of their ABM at Moscow, the President ordered the construction of the first Sentinel site outside Boston. This was met by a firestorm of protest on the part of local citizens who were not happy about a nuclear missile base being built literally in their back yard. The incoming President Nixon was forced to realign the system to something more similar to Hardsite, using the Nike-X systems for the defense of the Minuteman fields in a new system known as Safeguard.
In 1981, Dailey's interest in international affairs and the Cold War led him to pursue a doctorate and a career in international relations. He studied arms control, Russian studies, and diplomatic history at the University of Southern California, receiving his degree in 1987 with a dissertation on the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty.Brian D. Dailey, "Deception and Self-Deception in Arms Control: The ABM and Outer Space Treaties Reconsidered." Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Southern California, August 1987. Dailey’s career in international affairs began in 1984 with an internship as assistant director for chemical warfare negotiations in the Pentagon.
APEC Schools was established in 2013 through a partnership between Ayala Corporation and Pearson’s Affordable Learning Fund. Its first branch started with 130 students. In 2016, with the passing of the K-12 law, APEC Schools started offering the ABM (Accounting and Business Management) academic strand for Senior High School. In 2019, Ayala Corporation and Yuchengco's House of Investments signed and sealed their merger adding APEC Schools to the group of premier universities and colleges such as Mapua University, Malayan Colleges Laguna, Malayan Colleges Mindanao, Malayan High School of Science in Manila, National Teachers College, and University of Nueva Caceres.
Nike Zeus was an anti-ballistic missile (ABM) system developed by the US Army during the late 1950s and early 1960s that was designed to destroy incoming Soviet intercontinental ballistic missile warheads before they could hit their targets. It was designed by Bell Labs' Nike team, and was initially based on the earlier Nike Hercules anti-aircraft missile. The original, Zeus A, was designed to intercept warheads in the upper atmosphere, mounting a 25 kiloton W31 nuclear warhead. During development, the concept changed to protect a much larger area and intercept the warheads at higher altitudes.
The system was the topic of intense inter-service rivalry throughout its lifetime. When the ABM role was given to the Army in 1958, the United States Air Force began a long series of critiques on Zeus, both within defense circles and in the press. The Army returned these attacks in kind, taking out full page advertisements in popular mass market news magazines to promote Zeus, as well as spreading development contracts across many states in order to garner the maximum political support. As deployment neared in the early 1960s, the debate became a major political issue.
The question ultimately became whether or not a system with limited effectiveness would be better than nothing at all. The decision whether to proceed with Zeus eventually fell to President John F. Kennedy, who became fascinated by the arguing about the system. In 1963, the United States Secretary of Defense, Robert McNamara, convinced Kennedy to cancel Zeus. McNamara directed its funding towards studies of new ABM concepts being considered by ARPA, selecting the Nike-X concept which addressed Zeus' various problems by using an extremely high-speed missile, Sprint, along with greatly improved radars and computer systems.
The RBIG had delivered an extensive report on the topic on 2 April 1958 which suggested that defeating a Soviet ABM system would not be difficult. Their primary suggestion was to arm US missiles with more than one warhead, a concept known as Multiple Re-entry Vehicles (MRV). Each warhead would also be modified with radiation hardening, ensuring only a near miss could damage it. This would mean that the Soviets would have to launch at least one interceptor for each US warhead, while the US could launch multiple warheads without building a single new missile.
Despite getting unexpectedly close to the potential elimination of all nuclear weapons, the meeting adjourned with no agreement; however, both sides discovered the extent of the concessions the other side was willing to make. Human rights became a subject of productive discussion for the first time. An agreement by Gorbachev to on- site inspections, a continuing American demand which had not been achieved in the Partial Test Ban Treaty of 1963 or the ABM and SALT I pacts of 1972, constituted a significant step forward.Garthoff, Raymond L. The great transition: American-Soviet relations and the end of the Cold War.
Contemporary Missile Command clones include Missile Defense (1981) for the Apple II, Stratos (1982) for the TRS-80, Repulsar (1983) for the ZX Spectrum, and Barrage (1983) for the TI-99/4A. Silas Warner programmed the 1980 clone ABM for the Apple II several years before writing Castle Wolfenstein. Similarly, John Field programmed the Missile Command-like game ICBM (1981), then went on to create Axis Assassin, one of the first five games published by Electronic Arts. Atomic Command, a clone of Missile Command, is playable on the Pip-Boy interface in the Fallout 4 video game.
The primary reasons to choose a depressed trajectory are to evade anti-ballistic missile systems by reducing the time available to shoot down the attacking vehicle (especially during the vulnerable burn-phase against space-based ABM systems) or a nuclear first- strike scenario.Science & Global Security, 1992, Volume 3, pp.101-159 Depressed Trajectory SLBMs: A Technical Evaluation and Arms Control Possibilities An alternate, non-military, purpose for a depressed trajectory is in conjunction with the space plane concept with use of air-breathing engines, which requires the ballistic missile to remain low enough inside the atmosphere for air-breathing engines to function.
In 2004, there were four marches, declared legal but guarded by great police presence, by neo-Nazis from outside the town, which set off even bigger counterdemonstrations. In the end, the citizens' league, a group created at the instigation of headmaster Siegfried Seyler uniting churches, Jusos, DGBers and ordinary citizens, made an appeal. The centres for this rightwing extremism were Gladenbach, Kirtorf (Vogelsberg) and Marburg. The biggest rightwing extremist group with about 30 rightwing extremists and a large body of sympathizers was the Aktionsbündnis Mittelhessen (Middle Hesse Action League; ABM), a fusion of regional "free comradeships".
Frydenlund was formerly head of the Student Parliament of the University of Oslo (1998) and policy advisor for former rector (vice chancellor) Kaare R. Norum at the University of Oslo (2000-2001). He has been working as an advisor at the Ministry of Education and Research (2004), as book review editor at Historisk Tidsskrift (Norway) (2005-2009), and as board member of the University of Oslo (2010-2012). In 2009 he published the biography of Norway's first prime minister Peder Anker. Frydenlund is currently chairman of ABM-Media AS (the media house for the archive, library and museum's sector in Norway).
The ABM system also makes use of a second radar, known as the Multi-Function Control Radar which assists the LRTR in classifying the target, and can also act as the fire control radar for the AAD missile. The MFCR, like the LRTR, is an active phased array system. The entire system was tested in November 2006, under the Prithvi Air Defence Exercise, when a prototype AXO missile intercepted another Prithvi missile at a height of . This test was preceded by an "electronic test" in which an actual target missile was launched, but the entire interceptor system was tested electronically, albeit no actual interceptor was launched.
It firmed up language that stated that the deployed system would have to be fully compliant with the ABM Treaty, and reduced funding for the space- based portions from $465 million in the 1991 version to $300 million. Further, the wording that the system should be deployed as rapidly as possible was dropped. In November 1992, SDIO was forced to remove Pebbles from the deployment contracts, sending it back to a research program. On 18 December 1992, program management was transferred to the Air Force's Space and Missile Systems Center, and the January 1993 contracts were for "advanced technology demonstration" as opposed to a pre-production system.
By his third term, in the 100th Congress, McCloskey had risen to chair of the Postal Personnel and Modernization subcommittee. From this position, he held hearings to determine if toxic biological agents, such as anthrax, should be banned from the U.S. Mail. After investigating the issue, and discovering such a ban could be damaging to medical research, McCloskey adopted a position of strict enforcement of the existing regulations. McCloskey, from his position on the Armed Services Committee, played a high-profile role in the battle over President Reagan's Strategic Defense Initiative, and argued SDI was a violation of the 1972 U.S.–Soviet ABM Treaty.
The triconic design also reduces the overall size of the warhead from an estimated to . The rocket-nozzle control system allows the missile to change its trajectory several times during re-entry and even terminal phase, effectively preventing interceptor guidance via trajectory prediction by early warning radar—a method nearly all long range ABM systems use. As a high-speed ballistic missile and pre-mission fueling capability, the Shahab-3 has an extremely short launch/impact time ratio. This means that the INS/gyroscope guidance would also remain relatively accurate until impact (important, given the fact that the gyroscopes tend to lose accuracy with longer flights).
It intercepts artillery rockets fired by terrorists onto Israeli cities and towns. As Israel is suffering from constant shelling of its cities, towns, and settlements by artillery rockets from the Gaza Strip (mainly by Hamas, but also by other Palestinian factions) and Lebanon (mainly by Hezbollah), Israel developed several defensive measures against artillery, rockets, and missiles. These include building a bomb shelter in every building and school, but also deploying active protection systems like the Arrow ABM, Iron Dome and David's Sling batteries which intercept the incoming threat in the air. Iron Dome has successfully intercepted hundreds of Qassam rockets and Grad rockets fired by Palestinians from the Gaza Strip.
Nurken Abdirov Street at the corner of Gogol Street. Karaganda suffered the most severe electromagnetic pulse effects ever observed when its electrical power plant was set on fire by currents induced in a long shallow buried power cable by Soviet Test ‘184’ on 22 October 1962. The test was part of the Soviet Project K nuclear tests (ABM System A proof tests), and consisted of a 300-kiloton high-altitude nuclear explosion at an altitude of over Zhezkazgan. Prompt gamma ray-produced EMP induced a current of 2,500 amps measured by spark gaps in a stretch of overhead telephone line to Zharyq, blowing all the protective fuses.
The mentioned project was undertaken by the joint venture of ASRC with the Gobi Coal & Energy Limited (GCE) company. SRC also invested in PT ABM Investama TBK, that operates in the energy resources, energy services, and energy infrastructure sectors in Indonesia up to US$120 million (RM366.68 million) through published share prices listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. During the meeting on 14 February 2012, CEO of SRC reported an estimated profit on the investment amounting to US$4 million. On 15 February 2012, SRC's shareholding by 1MDB was transferred to the Ministry of Finance Incorporation (MOFI) by way of acquisition of shares through interim dividend- in-specie payments.
The Sprint was a two-stage, solid-fuel anti-ballistic missile (ABM), armed with a W66 enhanced-radiation thermonuclear warhead used by the United States Army. It was designed to intercept incoming reentry vehicles (RV) after they had descended below an altitude of about 60 kilometres (37 miles), where the thickening air stripped away any decoys or radar reflectors and exposed the RV to observation by radar. As the RV would be travelling at about per second, Sprint had to have phenomenal performance to achieve an interception in the few seconds before the RV reached its target. Sprint accelerated at 100 g, reaching a speed of Mach 10 in 5 seconds.
The company was broken apart from 1982, after Nabisco bought ABM. In 1985, Nabisco was acquired by the foods division of R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company, resulting in the creation of conglomerate RJR Nabisco. After RJR Nabisco was bought in a leveraged buyout by Kohlberg Kravis Roberts, to pay down the resulting debt, various assets were sold off. This included dividing the former Peek Freans company; the North America division was sold to Kraft Foods, the European mainly-UK division was sold to the European food conglomerate BSN (now known as Groupe Danone), and many of the international subsidiaries were sold off locally to in-country investors, e.g. EBM.
Looking for alternatives, the Sentinel program offered a lightweight cover that would protect against limited attacks. Sentinel began construction in 1968 but ran into a firestorm of protest over its bases being placed in suburban areas. In March 1969, incoming President Richard M. Nixon announced that Sentinel would be cancelled and redirected to protect the missile farms, and that its bases would be placed well away from any civilian areas. The debate about ABM protection of US ICBMs had been going on for over a decade when Safeguard was announced, and the arguments against such a system were well known both in the military and civilian circles.
In military circles, the most basic argument against Safeguard was that adding an ABM requires the Soviets to build another ICBM to counter it, but the same is true if the US builds another ICBM instead. The Air Force was far more interested in building more of their own ICBMs than Army ABMs, and lobbied against the Army continually. In the public sphere, opinion by the late 1960s was anti-military in general, and in an era of ongoing Strategic Arms Limitation Talks the entire concept was derided as sabre rattling. Safeguard had been developed to calm opposition but found itself just as heavily opposed.
On 18 September 1967, McNamara announced the Sentinel program, with 17 bases covering all of the US, along with a total of just under 700 missiles, about the number in a baseline Nike-X. Nixon, having campaigned that the Democrats were deliberately dragging their feet on the ABM, inherited the system with his election win. He also inherited a massive NIMBY backlash that blew up in late 1968 when the Army chose to deploy the missiles in suburban locations to allow future expansion to be easier. City-dwellers could tolerate the idea of an armed rocket attack against bombers going on over their heads.
While Nike-X could be expected to attack these with a reasonable 1 to 1 exchange ratio, compared to Zeus' 20 to 1, it could only do so over a limited area. Most nationwide deployment scenarios contained thousands of Sprint missiles protecting only the largest US cities. Such a system would cost an estimated $40 billion to build ($ billion in , about half the annual military budget). This led to further studies of the system to try to determine whether an ABM would be the proper way to save lives, or if there was some other plan that would do the same for less money.
Although these problems were well known, the Johnson administration was under intense political pressure to deploy an ABM system, especially as the Soviets were known to be building one of their own. McNamara spoke in public several times to explain why Nike-X was not worth deploying, but the pressure continued to build and Congress voted to provide deployment funding over his wishes. When the Chinese detonated their first H-bomb in 1967, McNamara proposed building a limited deployment that would primarily be a system to defend to a limited Chinese attack. This eased the pressure to deploy a larger system, while also keeping costs under control.
Instead, he suggested to the president that they open negotiations with the Soviets on arms limitations. The President asked Dean Rusk to begin negotiations. McNamara then headed off the expected counterattack from George W. Romney by calling a press conference on the topic of Soviet ABMs and stating that the new Minuteman III and Poseidon SLBM would ensure that any possible Soviet system would be overwhelmed, and went on to state that ABMs were generally not very useful given their cost. This did not deflect the continued stream of criticism over the US's lack of an ABM system, especially as the Soviets continued to build their own.
On January 11, 2010 the PRC directed another SC-19 (雙城-19) missile at a moving target and destroyed it. This time the target was a CSS-X-11 medium- range ballistic missile launched from Shuangchengzi Space and Missile Center. While using the same systems as the January 11, 2007 test, it is not clear what the function of the 2010 test was. This test is considered to be a continuation of the PRC's ASAT testing because it employed the SC-19 system, but because the target was a missile and not a satellite the test may have been directed towards re-purposing the SC-19 missile as an ABM.
Australian Baptist Ministries is a member of the Asia Pacific Baptist Federation (formerly Asian Baptist Federation) and the Baptist World Alliance. Ministry arms of ABM include Global Interaction (formerly known as the Australian Baptist Missionary Society), Australian Baptist World Aid, Baptist Care, and a number of Delegated Bodies which represent communities of practice, developing strategies and resources that benefit the Australian Baptist movement. These include: Crossover Australia, and Crossover Remote (formerly Northreach). The national work is divided among one territory and six state unions, which operate independently, with the national body functioning as a governance council to facilitate collaborative ministries and mission initiatives across the Baptist movement in Australia.
Excavation proceeded rapidly, and the foundation holes for the PAR and MSR were in place by mid-May. On 26 May 1972, President Nixon and Soviet general secretary Leonid Brezhnev signed the ABM Treaty, which limited each nation to one site to protect strategic forces and one site to protect the "National Command Authority." With work about 85% complete at Grand Forks, the US chose to finish construction at the North Dakota site. On 21 August 1972, the Army Corps of Engineers turned over the PAR to the Safeguard Systems Command (SAFSCOM) Site Activation Team. The transfer of the MSR occurred on 3 January 1973.
Students enjoying the first convocation of Premier University The ex-mayor of Chittagong City Corporation, ABM Mohiuddin Chowdhury, conceived the idea of establishing a center of excellence for higher education and learning in Chittagong and initiated a needs assessment in 1998. A project proposal for Premier University was submitted to the Ministry of Education of Bangladesh in May 2001. The proposal was approved by the Government of Bangladesh under the Private University Act (1992), and the University Grants Commission (Bangladesh) (UGC) approved the curricula of Premier University. The university came into being on 5 December 2001 and launched its academic programs in January 2002.
Bethe remained an opponent of ABM systems, and when he heard of the Excalibur effort he arranged a trip to LLNL to grill them on the concept. In a two-day series of meetings in February 1983, Hagelstein managed to convince Bethe that the physics were sound. Bethe remained convinced that the idea was unlikely to be able to stop a Soviet attack, especially if they designed their systems with the knowledge that such a system existed. He soon co-authored a report by the Union of Concerned Scientists outlining objections to the concept, the simplest being that the Soviets could simply overwhelm it.
This strand focuses on University and College courses such as Chemical Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Industrial Engineering, Computer Engineering, Safety Engineering, Civil Engineering, Marine Engineering, Information Technology, Computer Programming, Data Encoding, Data Analyzing,Pre-Medical Courses, Doctor of Medicine, Doctor of Dental Medicine, Nursing, Medical Technology, Radiologic Technology, Phlebotomy, Pharmacy, Chemical Science, Biological Science, Physical Science, Organic Chemistry and the like. Specialized Subjects that are included under this strand are Chemistry 1 & 2, Biology 1&2, Practical Research, Pre-Calculus, Calculus, Business Math, Physics 1 & 2\. ACCOUNTANCY, BUSINESS, AND MANAGEMENT STRAND (ABM). This strand focuses on University and College courses such as Accountancy, Entrepreneurship, Business Management, Marketing and the like.
The plans propose the installation of a latest generation ABM system with a radar site in the Czech Republic and the launch site in Poland. The system was announced to be aimed against ICBMs from Iran and North Korea. This caused harsh comments by Russian President Vladimir Putin at the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) security conference during spring 2007 in Munich. Other European ministers commented that any change of strategic weapons should be negotiated on NATO level and not 'unilaterally' [sic, actually bilaterally] between the U.S. and other states (although most strategic arms reduction treaties were between the Soviet Union and U.S., not NATO).
A second shorter-range missile called Sprint with very high acceleration was added to handle warheads that evaded longer-ranged Spartan. Sprint was a very fast missile (some sources claimed it accelerated to 8,000 mph (13 000 km/h) within 4 seconds of flight—an average acceleration of 90 g) and had a smaller W66 enhanced radiation warhead in the 1–3 kiloton range for in-atmosphere interceptions. The experimental success of Nike X persuaded the Lyndon B. Johnson administration to propose a thin ABM defense, that could provide almost complete coverage of the United States. In a September 1967 speech, Defense Secretary Robert McNamara referred to it as "Sentinel".
Doyle then served in the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations (Admiral Elmo Zumwalt) in the Program Planning and Budgeting Office. This was involved in the early considerations of the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT 1) and the Anti- Ballistic Missile Treaty (ABM). In 1971, Doyle was selected for flag rank, and was posted into the joint environment at the request of Admiral Thomas Moorer, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, in the International Negotiations Division, for two years. He was on the US delegation for the Third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea convened in New York in 1973.
On 1 March 2018, Russian president Vladimir Putin, in an address to the Federal Assembly, announced the development of a series of technologically new missile systems and stressed that those were designed as a response to U.S. withdrawal from the ABM Treaty.Exclusive: Putin blames U.S. for arms race, denies 'new Cold War' NBC News, 1 March 2018. His statements were referred to by the Trump administration officials as largely boastful untruths, but also as confirmation that "Russia has been developing destabilizing weapons systems for over a decade, in direct violation of its treaty obligations".Putin claims new 'invincible' missile can pierce US defenses CNN, 1 March 2018.
The exhibit contains pictures, animals and models of species known to engage in homosexuality, showing among other things southern right whales and giraffes engaged in same-sex pairing. The museum says one of its aims is to "help to de-mystify homosexuality among people... we hope to reject the all too well known argument that homosexual behaviour is a crime against nature." Most of the exhibition is based on the works of Bruce Bagemihl and Joan Roughgarden. The exhibition was initiated by the Norwegian Archive, Library and Museum Authority (ABM) as part of their "Break" program, encouraging museums, libraries and archives to do research and exhibitions of controversial and taboo subjects.
The Arrow "Interceptor" (Hebrew: טיל חץ ) ABM is a theater missile defense (TMD) system; it is the first missile developed by Israel and United States that was specifically designed and built to intercept and destroy ballistic missiles on a national level. On July 29, 2004, Israel and the United States carried out a joint test flight in the USA in which the Arrow was launched against a real Scud missile. The test was a success, with the Arrow destroying the Scud with a direct hit. In December 2005 the system was successfully tested again in a firing against a replicated Scud C as Shahab-3 missile.
Much of the town centre is lined with brick buildings from the 17th and 18th centuries. Former ABM Pauls Malt Kiln Louth Museum has a Panorama Gallery, which features two back-lit replicas of William Brown's Panorama of Louth viewed from the top of St James' spire in 1844. The two original paintings that together form the panorama hang side-by- side in the Louth Town Council building - the Sessions House - on Eastgate. The panorama gives a unique and vivid representation of the streets, businesses, homes and people of the town and the landscape as far as the North Sea to the east and northwards to the Humber Estuary and beyond.
In 1967, BECO's Research Laboratories became the support contractor for the emerging Nike-X ABM system. (Starting in the 1970s, the Safeguard Program, descendant of Nike-X, would become one of the company's largest contracted activities.) Another AMC leader was Carl E. Duckett, at that time Director of the Missile Intelligence Directorate. Duckett and Cummings immediately had a mutual respect; both were from relatively modest backgrounds, neither had a college education, both were “people” oriented, and both had highly successful early careers. BECO's Research Laboratories performed highly classified intelligence studies, and Cummings received the first Top Secret security clearance granted to a Huntsville business executive.
As strategic balance and budget issues continued to weight on the decision to deploy an ABM, Sentinel was itself cancelled. On 14 March 1969 President Richard Nixon announced it would be replaced by the Safeguard Program, which would deploy a small number of Sprint-heavy sites around the Air Force's Minuteman missile bases. The idea now was to provide protection to the bases against any attempted sneak attack, ensuring the Minuteman missiles would survive and thus present a credible deterrent force. The decision to deploy the first two of potential twelve sites passed in the Senate in August 1969 by a single vote, that of vice president Spiro Agnew.
This was far from the desired basing for the MX in Wyoming, so if new silos were constructed they could not be defended without amending the treaty. Reagan justified the deployment by claiming that Swarmjet was not an ABM, but a form of "active hardening". Another problem with Swarmjet was that it could be argued that it eliminated the need for MX. Its entire purpose was not to break up a Soviet attack entirely, but simply introduce so much uncertainty into an attack that they could not consider it. Swarmjet would do this for any attack, whether on MX in dense pack, in existing Minuteman silos, or the existing Minuteman fleet.
The Parallel Element Processing Ensemble (PEPE) was one of the very early parallel computing systems. Bell began researching the concept in the mid-1960s as a way to provide high-performance computing support for the needs of anti-ballistic missile (ABM) systems. The goal was to build a computer system that could simultaneously track hundreds of incoming ballistic missile warheads.PEPE - Parallel Element Processing Ensemble Last updated on June 8, 2011.Real-Time Advanced Data Processing Parallel Element Processing Ensemble (PEPE), June 30, 1973, Final Report for Contract DAHC60-72-C-0031, prepared by the System Development Corporation of Huntsville, Alabama for the U.S. Army Advanced Ballistic Missile Defense Agency.
Ionization greater than 50 Gray in silicon chips delivered over seconds to minutes will degrade the function of semiconductors for long periods. However, while such attacks might be useful against guidance systems which used relatively advanced electronics, in the ABM role these components have long ago separated from the warheads by the time they come within range of the interceptors. The electronics in the warheads themselves tend to be very simple, and hardening them was one of the many issues studied in the 1960s. Lithium-6 hydride (Li6H) is cited as being used as a countermeasure to reduce the vulnerability and "harden" nuclear warheads from the effects of externally generated neutrons.
Jeffrey Vinokur was born in 1990 and raised in Montvale, New Jersey, to Russian parents. He developed an interest in science while attending school, first at Fieldstone Middle School and then Pascack Hills High School. While a senior in high school he began watching online videos and DVDs on hip hop dancing, and after six months of practice traveled to New York City, where he learned the subgenre of hip-hop dancing "popping" from dancers such as Jazzy J of The Electric Boogaloos, Dementia of ABM Crew, and Future Ninja of House of Ninja. Afterwards he began posting instructional dance videos on YouTube under the username "TheRussianTiger," and the videos have since garnered millions of views.
A large berm was built on the northern end of the island to support the missile silos, while a Missile Site Radar was built to its south, on the western side. An airstrip, somewhat longer than running north–south at the southeastern end of the island provided STOL service to the base, although the strong prevailing winds from the west made for very tricky landings. Air service was later deemed too dangerous, and replaced by helicopter pads at either end of the runway. After the Army's main ABM programs shut down in the 1970s, Meck has served as the primary launch site for a variety of follow-on programs, including the Homing Overlay Experiment and THAAD, among many others.
On 14 February 2008, it was reported that the United States Navy had been instructed to fire an RIM-161 Standard Missile 3 ABM weapon at it, to act as an anti-satellite weapon.Associated Press – Broken Satellite Will Be Shot Down According to the U.S. government, the primary reason for destroying the satellite was the approximately of toxic hydrazine fuel contained on board, which could pose health risks to persons in the immediate vicinity of the crash site should any significant amount survive the re-entry. On 20 February 2008, it was announced that the launch was carried out successfully and an explosion was observed consistent with the destruction of the hydrazine fuel tank.
Ambassador Thomas Graham Jr. is a former senior U.S. diplomat. Graham was involved in the negotiation of every single international arms control and non-proliferation agreement from 1970 to 1997. This includes the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT Treaties), the Strategic Arms Reduction Treaties (START Treaties), the Anti-ballistic missile (ABM) Treaty, Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty (INF) Treaty, Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons Treaty (NPT), Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe (CFE) Treaty and Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT). In 1993, Ambassador Graham served as Acting Director of the Arms Control and Disarmament Agency (ACDA) from January to November, 1993 and Acting Deputy Director from November, 1993 to July, 1994.
As Russia saw it, the CFE treaty could thus become (after the ABM treaty) the second major Cold War treaty that was suspended. Another likely reason is that NATO members refused to ratify the Adapted CFE Treaty due to the continuing presence of several hundred Russian troops in Moldova—something they considered as a violation of the obligations Russia assumed during the 1999 Istanbul summit. The Treaty terms specified that any party withdrawing from the agreement would have to provide 150 days notice before withdrawal, but it had no provisions for the suspension of obligations. However, there was no legal connection between the Adapted CFE treaty and the Russian withdrawal from Georgia and Moldova.
By 1 April 1946 Robert P. Patterson, the Secretary of War, had signed off on an ABM. In February 1946 the War Department's Joint Committee on New Weapons and Equipment led by General Joseph Stilwell and generally known as the Stilwell Board was formed to consider the Army's post-war development priorities. On 29 May 1946 they published their report on a "Proposed National Program for Guided Missiles", noting that missiles with "intercontinental ranges of over 3,000 miles and payload sufficient to carry atomic explosive are to be expected." They suggested that defensive measures including anti-missiles should be "accorded priority over all other National Defense projects" and that the system be capable of supersonic speeds and range.
The radar was built as part of the S-225 anti-ballistic missile system (codename of the R&D; work: Azov; US name: ABM-X-3), a marginally mobile system designed to defend high status targets against attack by ballistic missiles. Work started on the system in the early 1960s and S-225 was one of three competing systems; A-35 (the one chosen) and "Saturn" were the others. S-225 was designed by A.A. Raspletin, who worked in special design bureau OKB-31, of KB-1 design bureau. The first design was done in 1964 and the first prototype of the system was installed in Sary Shagan in 1971, at site 53 ().
The Soviets detonated four high- altitude tests in 1961 and three in 1962. During the Cuban Missile Crisis in October 1962, both the US and the USSR detonated several high-altitude nuclear explosions as a form of saber rattling. The worst effects of a Soviet high- altitude test occurred on 22 October 1962, in the Soviet Project K nuclear tests (ABM System A proof tests) when a 300 kt missile-warhead detonated near Dzhezkazgan at 290-km altitude. The EMP fused 570 km of overhead telephone line with a measured current of 2,500 A, started a fire that burned down the Karaganda power plant, and shut down 1,000 km of shallow-buried power cables between Tselinograd and Alma-Ata.
The Senior High School covers three areas based on disciplines similar to college courses which are all Academic: Accountancy, Business & Management (ABM), Science Technology Engineering & Mathematics (STEM), and Humanities & Social Sciences (HUMSS). These areas allow students to choose the strand where they can prepare for college while enhancing their skills and knowledge. The first 2 school years of the Senior High School which began in June 2016, was temporarily held in the college campus in Jacinto while the permanent and current site was being constructed in the Bangkal. In June 2018, although the new Bangkal campus was already about 90% complete, formal classes in Senior High School were already held in the location.
When the conversion project was halted, the swingdoor fleet equalled 32 Driving Trailers, 112 regular Trailers, 144 Motors (including the double-ended (ABM) and high-powered (AM) motors). The core of the Tait fleet had also been delivered by 1927. For the majority of the day, the Blocks would have run most services, with the single motor cars running short distances like Ashburton and Hurstbridge, and the Pairs are known to have been reserved for flatter lines like Newport-Altona, if not worked in pairs (M-D+M-D) in place of a regular Block. In peak hours on quieter lines, the standard Block was supplemented with a Pair; on the busiest routes, a Unit would be attached.
President Bush makes remarks in 2006 during a press conference in the Rose Garden about Iran's nuclear ambitions and discusses North Korea's nuclear test The Bush Doctrine refers to multiple interrelated foreign policy principles of the 43rd President of the United States, George W. Bush. These principles include unilateralism and the use of preemptive war. Charles Krauthammer first used the phrase in June 2001 to describe the Bush Administration's "unilaterally withdrawing from the ABM treaty and rejecting the Kyoto protocol." According to Charles Krauthammer, who was the first to use it in June 2001, the phrase has had four distinct meanings, each one succeeding another over the eight years of the George W. Bush presidency: firstly, unilateralism, i.e.
In the case of Zeus, for instance, it was clear that building more fallout shelters would be less expensive and save more lives. A major report on the topic by PSAC in October 1961 made this point, suggesting that Zeus without shelters was useless, and that having Zeus might lead the US to "introduce dangerously misleading assumptions concerning the ability of the US to protect its cities". This led to a series of increasingly sophisticated models to better predict the effectiveness of an ABM system and what the opposition would do to improve their performance against it. A key development was the Prim-Read theory, which provided an entirely mathematical solution to generating the ideal defensive layout.
The Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS) used the Soviet ABM as an argument for deployment, having previously had no strong opinion on the matter. McNamara attempted to short-circuit deployment in early 1966 by stating that the only program that had any reasonable cost-effectiveness was the thin defense against the Chinese, and then noted there was no rush to build such a system as it would be some time before they had an ICBM. Overruling him, Congress provided $167.9 million ($ billion in ) for immediate production of the original Nike-X concept. McNamara and Johnson met on the issue on 3 November 1966, and McNamara once again convinced Johnson that the system could not justify the cost of deployment.
The Sprint missile was the main weapon in the Nike-X system, intercepting enemy ICBM warheads only seconds before they exploded. Nike-X was an anti- ballistic missile (ABM) system designed in the 1960s by the United States Army to protect major cities in the United States from attacks by the Soviet Union's intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) fleet during the Cold War. The X in the name referred to its experimental basis and was supposed to be replaced by a more appropriate name when the system was put into production. This never came to pass; in 1967 the Nike-X program was canceled and replaced by a much lighter defense system known as Sentinel.
In the case of OR.1135, the cost-exchange argument began to swing the decision in favour of a basic system re-using as much existing hardware as possible, as opposed to a dedicated ABM with higher performance. That meant that it could be deployed for less cost, but more importantly, it could cost less to increase the defence if the Soviets responded by building more missiles. On the flip side, if some problem arose, like the addition of high-quality decoys, the program could be cancelled without too much being wasted. There was also considerable debate over whether the program should upgrade the Bloodhound or purchase the Nike Hercules for this role.
The camp was also utilized by the United States Coast Guard, as well for training. In 1992, the army conducted a Lyme Disease Risk Assessment and noted that the disease was present in ticks at the facility, as well as the presence of human Lyme disease cases in the surrounding area. In 1968 the site was selected to host the Boston-area Sentinel ABM, but fierce public opposition led to the project being put on hold, and then canceled in favor of the Safeguard Program, which was located far from urban areas. In 1998, the outdoor firing facility was closed after a stray bullet nearly struck a Lynnfield mother and her toddler.
The short service life of the W-71-Spartan and Safeguard Program in general, is believed to have been partly tied to it largely becoming obsolete with the development of Soviet offensive MIRV (Multiple independent re-entry vehicles) warheads, that unlike MRVs (multiple re-entry vehicles), can create a substantial spacing distance between each warhead once they arrive in space - and therefore would require at least about one Spartan missile launch to intercept each MIRV warhead. Fatally though, as the cost of the Spartan missile interceptor and an enemy ICBM were roughly the same, an adversary could afford to simply overwhelm the ABM system by adding ICBMs with MIRV warheads to its nuclear arsenal.
SORT was one in a long line of treaties and negotiations on mutual nuclear disarmament between Russia (and its predecessor, the Soviet Union) and the United States, which includes SALT I (1969–1972), the ABM Treaty (1972), SALT II (1972–1979), the INF Treaty (1987), START I (1991), START II (1993) and New START (2010). The Moscow Treaty was different from START in that it limited operationally deployed warheads, whereas START I limited warheads through declared attribution to their means of delivery (ICBMs, SLBMs, and Heavy Bombers).START1 treaty hypertext US State Dept. Article II Russian and U.S. delegations met twice a year to discuss the implementation of the Moscow Treaty at the Bilateral Implementation Commission (BIC).
In the Senate, Cooper helped lead the opposition to the development and deployment of anti- ballistic missiles (ABMs), putting him at odds with many in his party, including President Nixon. Cooper had long been an opponent of ABMs, which he believed could intensify a worldwide nuclear arms race. On August 6, 1969, a vote to suspend funding of the development of ABMs failed in the Senate by a vote of 50–51; Vice-President Spiro Agnew cast the tie-breaking vote. After this defeat, Cooper and Michigan Senator Philip Hart co-sponsored the Cooper–Hart Amendment that would have allowed funding for research and development of ABMs, but banned deployment of a U.S. ABM system.
The remains of former Nike site D-57/58 in Newport, Michigan. At the time this picture was taken in 1996, the site was a hazardous waste cleanup site. U.S. Route 70 entry to White Sands Missile Range, New Mexico in 2009. Soviet development of ICBMs and the de-emphasis of their bomber force decreased the value of the Hercules system. Beginning around 1965, the number of Nike batteries was reduced. Thule's air defense was reduced during 1965, and SAC air base defense during 1966, reducing the number of batteries to 112. Budgetary cuts reduced that number to 87 in 1968, and 82 in 1969. Nike Hercules was included in SALT I discussions as an ABM.
They showed that it was possible to reduce this to about a minute, timing things so the motor was burning out just as the missile was reaching the upper atmosphere. If the warheads were quickly separated at that point, the defense would have to shoot at the individual warheads, thus facing the same poor cost-exchange ratios that had made the earlier ABM systems effectively useless. Once the rocket had stopped firing, tracking would be far more difficult. One of the key claims for the Excalibur concept was that a small number of weapons would be enough to counter a large Soviet fleet, whereas the other space-based systems would require huge fleets of satellites.
An Arrow 2 anti-ballistic missile interceptor The Arrow project was begun after the U.S. and Israel agreed to co-fund it on 6 May 1986. The Arrow ABM system was designed and constructed in Israel with financial support by the United States by a multibillion-dollar development program called "Minhelet Homa" (Wall Administration) with the participation of companies like Israel Military Industries, Tadiran and Israel Aerospace Industries. During 1998 the Israeli military conducted a successful test of their Arrow missile. Designed to intercept incoming missiles travelling at up to 2 mile/s (3 km/s), the Arrow is expected to perform much better than the Patriot did in the Gulf War.
Post-war analyses show that the Patriot was much less effective than initially thought because of its radar and control system's inability to discriminate warheads from other objects when the Scud missiles broke up during reentry. Testing ABM technology continued during the 1990s with mixed success. After the Gulf War, improvements were made to several U.S. air defense systems. A new Patriot, PAC-3, was developed and tested—a complete redesign of the PAC-2 deployed during the war, including a totally new missile. The improved guidance, radar and missile performance improves the probability of kill over the earlier PAC-2. During Operation Iraqi Freedom, Patriot PAC-3s had a nearly 7% success rate against Iraqi TBMs fired.
On 13 December 2001, George W. Bush gave Russia notice of the United States' withdrawal from the treaty, in accordance with the clause that required six months' notice before terminating the pact—the first time in recent history that the United States has withdrawn from a major international arms treaty. This led to the eventual creation of the American Missile Defense Agency."Announcement of Withdrawal from the ABM Treaty", White House press release Supporters of the withdrawal argued that it was a necessity in order to test and build a limited National Missile Defense to protect the United States from nuclear blackmail by a rogue state. The withdrawal also had many critics.
Deployment history of land based ICBM 1959–2014 Throughout the late 1950s and into the 1960s, the United States and the Soviet Union had been developing missile systems with the ability to shoot down incoming ICBM warheads. During this period, the US considered the defense of the US as part of reducing the overall damage inflicted in a full nuclear exchange. As part of this defense, Canada and the US established the North American Air Defense Command (now called North American Aerospace Defense Command). By the early 1950s, US research on the Nike Zeus missile system had developed to the point where small improvements would allow it to be used as the basis of an operational ABM system.
They were trying to minimize the number of nuclear missiles in the world. Following the proposal of the Sentinel and Safeguard decisions on American ABM systems, the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks began in November 1969 (SALT I). By 1972 an agreement had been reached to limit strategic defensive systems. Each country was allowed two sites at which it could base a defensive system, one for the capital and one for ICBM silos. The treaty was signed during the 1972 Moscow Summit on 26 May by the President of the United States, Richard Nixon and the General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, Leonid Brezhnev; and ratified by the US Senate on 3 August 1972.
The effect was known from the earliest days of nuclear testing when radar systems were used to track the nuclear mushroom clouds at very long distances. Its extended effects when exploded outside the atmosphere were first noticed in 1958 as part of the Hardtack and Argus nuclear tests, which caused widespread radio interference extending over thousands of kilometers. The effect was so disconcerting that both the Soviets and US broke the informal testing moratorium that had been in place since late 1958 to run series of tests to gather further information on the various high-altitude effects like blackout and electromagnetic pulse (EMP). Blackout is a particular concern for anti- ballistic missile (ABM) systems.
Obverse of Chronicle of Early Kings. The Chronicle of Early Kings, Chronicle 20 in Grayson’s Assyrian and Babylonian Chronicles and Mesopotamian Chronicle 40 in Glassner’s Chroniques mésopotamiennes is preserved on two tablets, tablet ABM 26472 (98-5-14, 290) tablet A. is well preserved whereas tablet BBM 96152 (1902-4-12, 264) tablet B. is broken and the text fragmentary. Episodic in character, it seems to have been composed from linking together the apodoses of omen literature, excerpts of the Weidner Chronicle and year-names. It begins with events from the late third-millennium reign of Sargon of Akkad and ends, where the tablet is broken away, with that of Agum III, c.
In 2020 MERCY Malaysia launched its Covid-19 Pandemic Fund to support medical services and the essential needs of marginalised groups within the country. This dedicated fund is to implement the Covid-19 Strategic Preparedness and Response Plan – a plan for humanitarian assistance to be delivered within a continuous cycle of total disaster risk management that focuses on prevention; preparedness; response; and recovery. All aid assistance and deliverables are coordinated with Ministry of Health (Malaysia) and the National Crisis Preparedness and Response Centre (CPRC), and the National Agency for Disaster Management (NADMA). MERCY Malaysia received RM4 mil from Maybank and another RM10mil from 11 member banks of the Association of Banks in Malaysia (ABM) for its Pandemic Fund.
The early portions of the 1960s was taken up developing a series of increasingly powerful high- acceleration solid rocket propellants, and to test them they designed and built a test vehicle that would later become the Black Brant sounding rocket. Due to this research CARDE was later involved in the design of a US-Canada- Mexico meteorological sounding rocket, the Metroc. The ABM research eventually wound down with no working system in place, however the solid fuels developed during the program were widely used for rocketry in various western military systems. CARDE then looked into using the new propellant as the basis for a new motor for existing 2.75-inch air-to-ground rockets.
For the recording of Audioslave and Out of Exile, Commerford continued to use Ampeg but switched to a 3 amp and cab system: Each amp an SVT2Pro with a clean signal into an 8x10 cab and increasing levels of gain each into the additional 4x10 cabs. For the Out of Exile tour and recording of Revelations, Tim also used other equipment from Ashdown and Mesa/Boogie. The Mesa replacing his clean channel and the Ashdown ABM Evo replacing his most overdriven channel with an SVT2 taking care of the medium gain. Currently, he uses two Ampeg SVT-VR heads (as of May 2008) and his original two Ampeg Cabinets with graffiti from the 2000-era setup.
Swarmjet was an extremely short-range single-shot anti-ballistic missile (ABM) system proposed by the United States as a defensive measure during the development of the MX missile. It consisted of a launcher containing thousands of spin-stabilized unguided rockets that would be fired into the path of an enemy nuclear warhead, enough that it would be highly likely one of the rockets would hit the warhead and destroy it. The concept worked in concert with the Multiple Protective Shelter basing for the MX missile. MPS proposed making about two dozen missile silos for each MX missile, moving the missile between them at random so the Soviets would not know where they were.
Considering the ICBM problem, the study went on to suggest that the system would have to be effective between 95 and 100% of the time in order to be worthwhile. They considered attacks against the RV while the missile was in the midcourse, just as it reached the highest point in its trajectory and was traveling at its slowest speed. Practical limitations eliminated this possibility, as it required the ABM to be launched at about the same time as the ICBM in order to meet in the middle, and they could not imagine a way to arrange this. Working at much shorter ranges, during the terminal phase, seemed the only possible solution.
A single PEPE system was built by Burroughs Corporation in the 1970s, by which time the US Army's ABM efforts were winding down. The design later evolved into the Burroughs Scientific Computer for commercial sales, but a lack of sales prospects led to it being withdrawn from the market. PEPE came about as a result of predictions of the sorts of ICBM forces that would be expected in the event of an all-out Soviet attack during the 1970s. Missile fleets of both the US and USSR were growing through the 1960s, but a bigger issue was the number of warheads as a result of the move to multiple independently targetable reentry vehicles (MIRV).
The College of Nursing applied for and received its Level 1 accreditation from the Philippine Accrediting Association of Schools, Colleges and Universities (PAASCU) in 2003. In 2016, San Juan de Dios College opened its Senior High School (Grades 11 and 12) program with strands Accountancy, Business and Management (ABM), General Academic Strand (GAS), Humanities and Social Sciences (HUMSS), Science, Technology, Engineering and Math (STEM) and Technological and Vocational Livelihood (TVL). In 2019, San Juan de Dios College introduced 2 new business courses, Bachelor of Science in Entrepreneurship and Bachelor of Science in Office Administration. On the same year, the General Academic Strand (GAS) was discontinued permanently due to huge number of classrooms.
As with a blast-frag warhead, the use of this type of warhead does not require a direct body-on-body impact, so greatly reduces tracking and steering accuracy requirements. At a predetermined distance from the incoming re-entry vehicle (RV) the warhead releases, in the case of the ABM warhead by an explosive expulsion charge, an array of mainly rod-like sub-projectiles into the RV's flight path. Unlike a blast-frag warhead, the expulsion charge is only needed to release the sub-projectiles from the main warhead, not to accelerate them to high velocity. The velocity required to penetrate the RV's casing comes from the high terminal velocity of the warhead, similar to the shrapnel shell's principle.
To study the latter, the ATLAS-I (better known as TRESTLE), the largest simulation facility ever built, was completed on the east side of Kirtland AFB during the late 1970s. AFWL also made important contributions throughout the decade to improve the nuclear systems related to such aircraft as the F-4 Phantom II, F-105 Thunderchief, F-111, and the B-58 Hustler. The weapons systems corresponding to these aircraft included the air-to-ground missiles (AGM) AGM-28 Hound Dog, AGM-69 SRAM "Short-Range Attack Missile," as well as the LGM-25C Titan II and LGM-30 Minuteman ICBMs, and the LIM-49 Spartan ABM. On 1 July 1971, Kirtland merged with Sandia Base and Manzano Base, its neighbors to the east.
Irisbus Citelis ABM CB60 body in Australia Irisbus Agora buses in Cluj-Napoca, Romania Irisbus Magelys at the Busworld 2007 exhibition in Kortrijk, Belgium Iveco CityClass 18 m in Seoul, South Korea CAT Irisbus Civis Iveco Bus Urbanway 18 n ° 4466 of the Orlybus at its terminus in Orly- Sud Iveco Bus was formed through the merger of the bus and coach divisions of Fiat Industrial, Iveco and Renault in January 1999, with Ikarus Bus added in late 1999. The Ikarus Bus division was sold off in 2006 to Hungary's Műszertechnika group. From 2003 to 2010, Irisbus was 100%-owned by Fiat Group's Iveco, and the company was named Irisbus Iveco. Now since 2013, Irisbus has been 100% owned by CNH Industrial's Iveco.
Late in 1972 Dalgety made a successful take-over bid for Associated British MaltstersMaltsters Gives In. The Times, Saturday, Oct 21, 1972 then for a tenth of the sum bought the largest stockyards in Europe at Banbury but the stockyard was sold off in 1976. Profits rebounded in 1973, Australia contributed £5.34 million and New Zealand £4.7 million.Dalgety's commodity prices bonanza. The Times, Thursday, Sep 06, 1973; pg. 21; Issue 58880 an ABM malt kiln, Louth, Lincolnshire shortly before demolition The Dalgety rural division in Western Australia was sold to Western Livestock in August 1974.Dalgety sells rural division for £3.8m. The Times, Tuesday, Aug 13, 1974; pg. 18; Issue 59164 ICI bought Tasman Vaccine Laboratories. Dalgety New Zealand was now only 67 per cent owned.
The Vepery Press was renamed as the SPCK Press; Johann Philipp Fabricius being its managerial head, who composed and printed a Tamil book on Catechism (1766) with typefaces cut in Germany (Halle). By the next decade typecases were produced by the SPCK Press itself and they lasted until the 1870s. Books printed included Fabricius's Translation of the New Testament (1772); his Dictionary of Tamil and English, based on Ziegenbalg's Malabar English Dictionary(1779) which came out 100 years after Antão da Proença's Tamil-Portuguese Dictionary of 1679; and Oru Paratecyin Punyacaritram (a translation of Bunyan's Pilgrims Progress (1793). This press was sold to the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions (the American Board Mission or ABM) in Çintadaripet in the mid 19th century.
Black Brant was the result of research at Canadian Armament Research and Development Establishment (CARDE) during the 1950s into the nature of the upper atmosphere as part of ongoing research into anti-ballistic missile systems and very-long-range communication. In 1957 CARDE contracted Bristol to produce a simple rocket fuselage, called the Propulsion Test Vehicle, for studies into high-power solid fuels. The resulting design, by Albert Fia, was quite heavy, as it was designed to be able to accommodate a wide variety of engine burning times, propellant loadings and launch angles in keeping with its role as a test vehicle for ABM systems development. The first test flight took place only two years later from the Churchill Rocket Research Range in September 1959.
Additionally described as a wrenching, string-drenched ballad, the song features "angsty, unvarnished piano rock." Perri stated that she does not know how to read or write music, but knew how to perform certain piano chords, which were used in the song. In the singer's personal blog she released the piano chords of the entire song. The verse of the song is played in the chords Cm Eb Bb Fm; the pre-chorus in Fm Ab Eb Bb Fm Ab Bbsus; the chorus in Eb Bb Cm Ab (Abm) end with: Eb; the bridge in the chords Cm (right hand) Walk down C, B, Bb, A (bass note) Ab G; and the outro finishes the song in the chords Ab B F.
When he realized he was using outdated exchange rates for the Soviet ruble, the exchange ratio for the 30 percent casualty rate jumped to 20-to-1. As the cost of defeating Nike-X by building more ICBMs was less than the cost of building Nike-X to counter them, reviewers concluded that the construction of an ABM system would simply prompt the Soviets to build more ICBMs. This led to serious concerns about a new arms race, which it was believed would increase the chance of an accidental war. When the numbers were presented to McNamara, according to Kent: In spite of its technical capabilities, Nike-X still shared one seemingly intractable problem that had first been noticed with Zeus.
McNamara headed off the expected counterattack from Romney by calling a press conference on the topic of Soviet ABMs and stating that the new Minuteman III and Poseidon SLBM would ensure the Soviet system would be overwhelmed. Another meeting on the issue was called on 6 December 1966, attended by Johnson, McNamara, the deputy Secretary of Defense Cyrus Vance, Walt Rostow of the National Security Agency (NSA) and the Joint Chiefs. Rostow took the side of the JCS and it appeared that development would start. However, McNamara once again outlined the problems and stated that the simplest way to close the ABM gap was to simply build more ICBMs, rendering the Soviet system impotent and a great waste of money.
In February 2015, its high school debating team won the championship among public and private schools in Capiz and Roxas City. Mr. Mark Nel R. Venus was the coach of the Debating team and has been instrumental in the development of debate in the institution. In October 2015, the Department of Education has given the school a government permit to offer senior high school with the following strands: Science, Technology, Engineering Mathematics (STEM), Accountancy, Business and Management (ABM) and General Academic (GA). It has also advanced the preparation of senior high school program by linking to Health Centrum, a state-of-the-art hospital and the Sacred Heart of Jesus Prime Holdings Inc and various industries to enrich its curricular offerings.
Johnson and McNamara stated that an expansion to a heavy system was impossible, thereby offering no reason why the bases were located near cities. The Army's lack of an answer on this issue led to considerable suspicion, which Senator Richard Russell summed up as believing the system was "...the foundation stone of a missile defense system to protect us against missiles of the Soviet Union". Lieutenant General Alfred Dodd Starbird further confused matters by explaining that the $5.5 billion earmarked for Sentinel would only protect against China through the 1970s, and he expected further expansions to be required in the future. Congress adjourned in October for the 1968 presidential elections, and the ABM system became a political issue during the campaign.
He went on to become the Soviet ambassador to the United Kingdom in 1952. As Foreign Minister of the Soviet Union, Gromyko was directly involved in deliberations with the Americans during the Cuban Missile Crisis and helped broker a peace treaty ending the 1965 Indo-Pakistani War. Under the leadership of Leonid Brezhnev, he played a central role in the establishment of detente with the United States through his negotiation of the ABM Treaty, the Nuclear Test Ban Treaty, and the SALT I & II among others. After Brezhnev suffered a stroke in 1975 impairing his ability to govern, Gromyko formed a troika alongside KGB Chairman Yuri Andropov and successive Defense Ministers Andrei Grechko & Dmitriy Ustinov that effectively dictated policy during the final years of Brezhnev's regime.
Since the Philippines has already implemented the K-12 system, students will enter SHS or senior high school, a 2-year course, to be able to prepare college life with their chosen track such as ABM (Accountancy Business Management), STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) and HUMSS (Humanities and Social Sciences) other tracks are included like TECH-VOC (Technical Vocational). Students can make a choice if they will take the college entrance examinations (CEE) for which they enter college or university (3 to 5 years) or find a work after they graduate on senior high school. Other types of schools in the country include private schools, preparatory schools, international schools, laboratory high schools, and science high schools. Of these schools, private Catholic schools are the most famous.
Early in the Zeus effort the US Air Force attempted to derail the project by pointing out that if Zeus cost the same as an ICBM, and the Soviets were building them as quickly as Nikita Khrushchev claimed, then they could simply build a few more to "soak up" any Zeus' the Army deployed. But in fact, it seemed the ICBMs were actually cheaper than Zeus, perhaps significantly, which meant the US would lose the resulting arms race. This basic concept became known as the cost exchange ratio. President Eisenhower's Secretary of Defense Neil McElroy identified the Air Force complaints as an example of sour grapes, having lost funding for their own ABM efforts, Project Wizard, in favor of Zeus.
Members from PYG in Peckham also committed similar incursions into GAS Gang territory, prompting GAS members to do the same in return. One such incident in 2010 involved a PYG member pulling up to a group of GAS Gang members and randomly unloading several rounds into the crowd. In 2011, five prominent members of GAS, Ricardo Giddings (aka Maggy), Helder Demorais (aka Mad H), Jamal Moore (aka JJ, Younger Sneaky, or J-Kid), Shaquille Haughton and Kyle Kinghorn (aka Clickz), were sentenced to a total of 76 years in prison for the murder of rival gang member, fifteen-year-old Zac Olumegbon (also known as Lil Zac) the year prior. This was the start of GAS Gang's conflict with Stockwell-based gang, ABM (All Bout Money).
The BSIE graduates were the first to be called on stage, which is a tradition at the Commencement Exercises. At the start of academic year 2015, Councilor Dale Gonzalo "Along" Malapitan made an ordinance that the tuition fee in the university will be free for all freshmen and transferees who graduated from elementary and high school in Caloocan City, as long as they are children of, or they are themselves, registered voters of Caloocan. The university also offered Senior High School program for Junior High School completers for the School year 2016-2017, in line with the recent implementation for the K-12 program. ABM (Accountancy, Business, and Management), & HUMSS (Humanities and Social Sciences) strands were available in the University for the Senior High School program.
The KGB chairman's wife and daughter are later extracted by CIA operative John Clark from Estonia into the submarine . Meanwhile, the secret ABM facility in Dushanbe finds itself under attack by the Afghan mudjahedin, whose leader was known as "the Archer" due to his expertise in using surface- to-air missiles to bring down Soviet ground support aircraft. Colonel Bondarenko, who was there for a second round of evaluations, manages to repel the attackers, protecting Bright Star's scientific and engineering personnel and eventually killing the Archer. On the last day of the arms negotiation talks, Gerasimov releases Filitov so that they can both proceed to Sheremetyevo Airport, joining Ryan and the American negotiation team in returning to the United States.
Due to the emergent nature of agent-based models (ABMs), it is critical that the population sizes in the simulations match the population sizes of the dynamic systems being modelled. However, the performance of contemporary agent simulation frameworks has been inadequate to handle such large population sizes and parallel computing frameworks designed to run on computing clusters has been limited by available bandwidth. As computing power increases with Moore's law, the size and complexity of simulation frameworks can be expected to increase. The team of R. M. D’Souza, M. Lysenko and K Rahmani from Michigan Technological University used a Sugarscape model to demonstrate the power of Graphics processing units (GPU) in ABM simulations with over 50 updates per second with agent populations exceeding 2 million.
The origins of Bangladesh Fisheries Information Share Home go back to the 2007s when the fisheries scientist ABM Mohsin and his students Shams Galib and Md Mehedi Hasan found themselves struggling for collecting data about the fishes (ornamental, exotic and native species) of Bangladesh. It can be difficult for fisheries, aquaculture and hatchery scientists and managers to get the information they need on the species that concern them, because the relevant facts can be scattered and buried across numerous journal articles, reports, newsletters and other sources. It can be particularly difficult for people in developing countries who need such information. An answer to this situation is to consolidate all the available information, drawn from the global sources, into an easily accessed database.
NCR Personas 75-Series interior, multi-function ATM in the United States Smaller indoor ATMs dispense money inside convenience stores and other busy areas, such as this off-premises Wincor Nixdorf mono-function ATM in Sweden. An automated teller machine (ATM) or cashpoint (British English) is an electronic telecommunications device that enables customers of financial institutions to perform financial transactions, such as cash withdrawals, deposits, funds transfers, or account information inquiries, at any time and without the need for direct interaction with bank staff. ATMs are known by a variety of names, including automatic teller machine (ATM) in the United StatesCambridge Dictionary Automatic Teller Machine (sometimes redundantly as "ATM machine"). In Canada, the term automated banking machine (ABM) is also used,Automatic Bank Machine definition from a Canadian bank, Scotiabank.
This was about the same price as the "Stage 1" anti-aircraft system, which was already approved for deployment. A serious concern was raised at this point; if one assumed that a ballistic missile with a range of would cost about £200,000, and based on the assumption that a salvo of four missiles would be fired at each warhead, this meant the defensive volley cost twice as much as its target. They concluded that "the position of the defence tends to be economically unfavourable even in the best case." This basic idea would become a serious concern in the future, when it would be formalized as the cost-exchange ratio, and was ultimately one of the major arguments against a national-scale ABM system being deployed in the US.
The Minuteman entered service in 1962 as a deterrence weapon that could hit Soviet cities with a second strike and countervalue counterattack if the U.S. was attacked. However, the development of the United States Navy (USN) UGM-27 Polaris, which addressed the same role, allowed the Air Force to modify the Minuteman, boosting its accuracy enough to attack hardened military targets, including Soviet missile silos. The Minuteman-II entered service in 1965 with a host of upgrades to improve its accuracy and survivability in the face of an anti-ballistic missile (ABM) system the Soviets were known to be developing. In 1970, the Minuteman-III became the first deployed ICBM with multiple independently targetable reentry vehicles (MIRV): three smaller warheads that improved the missile's ability to strike targets defended by ABMs.
Linda Lou ChavezStated on Finding Your Roots with Henry Louis Gates, Jr., May 20, 2012, PBS (born June 17, 1947) is an American author, commentator, and radio talk show host. She is also a Fox News analyst, Chairman of the Center for Equal Opportunity, has a syndicated column that appears in newspapers nationwide each week, and sits on the board of directors of two Fortune 500 companies: Pilgrim's Pride and ABM Industries. Chavez was the highest-ranking woman in President Ronald Reagan's White House, and was the first Latina ever nominated to the United States Cabinet, when President George W. Bush nominated her Secretary of Labor. She withdrew from consideration for the position when the media published allegations that she had employed an illegal immigrant a decade earlier.
He also worked with the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) to ensure that spent nuclear fuel was not diverted to weapons. Smith resigned from the government for the last time in 1980. He organized a private consulting firm, the Consultants International Group, which specialized in advising companies on international investments. He also retained an interest in disarmament and was active in educational and lobbying organizations such as the Arms Control Association and the Washington Council on Non-Proliferation. He strongly opposed President Ronald Reagan’s proposed Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI; popularly known as“Star Wars”) which he felt violated the 1972 ABM Treaty, and together with George Kennan, McGeorge Bundy and Robert McNamara co-authored an article in Foreign Affairs calling upon the U.S. to declare a policy of "no first use" of nuclear weapons.
He was the first student to attend seminary with so much as a high school certificate. Following graduation in December 1962, Mafico was appointed pastor of the urban church of the United Church of Christ (formerly ABM), a church deliberately led by non-colonial, non-missionary non-elite persons who had not been educated in Europe but in Africa and who worshipped in the Shona language rather than English. In 1968 he enrolled at the University of London (Rhodesia campus), and in 1970 he graduated as the first Rhodesian pastor to earn a bachelor's degree majoring in religious studies and history. Upon graduation, he taught Religious Knowledge, and was the first black school chaplain at Chikore High School; previously that position was held by white men who were part of the Western missionary apparatus.
The Swarm Development Group (SDG) is an American non-profit organization to advance the development of complex adaptive system-oriented agent-based modeling (ABM) tools initiated at the Santa Fe Institute (SFI) in Santa Fe, New Mexico, US. It was formed in 1999 by a group of multidisciplinary scientists, researchers, and software developers, led by Chris Langton. Langton was also the founder of the emerging field of research called artificial life. The initial, primary, role for the SDG was to house continued development of the Swarm simulation software after the software become independent of the SFI in 1999. The role of the Swarm Development Group, has since expanded to include the co-ordination of a long-running conference SwarmFestSwarmFest during May, June, or July each summer – typically hosted by a different research university each year.
The college provides 4year bachelor's degree in B.Sc. Agriculture. Every year 56 students are admitted to B.Sc. (Agriculture) course on the basis of their performance and ranking in the Common Entrance Test conducted by OUAT and All India Entrance Test conducted by Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi. The undergraduate course includes basic subjects on Agricultural Science like Agronomy, Horticulture, Crop Production, plant improvement subjects like Plant Breeding and Genetics, Plant Biotechnology, physical and chemical subjects like Soil Science, Biochemistry, Soil and Water Conservation Engineering, Farm Power and Machinery, Agricultural Meteorology, plant protection subjects like Entomology, Nematology, Plant Pathology, social science in the form of subjects like Agricultural Economics, Agricultural Extension, Statistics and some allied subjects like Animal Husbandry, Post Harvest Management, Food Processing, Agri-Business Management(ABM) etc.
The turret is fitted with an independent commander's sight with both commander and gunner provided with thermal and daylight channels. Australian Boxer CRVs mount the Rheinmetall LANCE 30 mm two-man turret, fitted with the Rheinmetall Mauser MK30-2/ABM [air-bursting munition] dual-feed stabilised cannon and 7.62 mm coaxial MG. Turret traverse is all electric through a full 360° with weapon elevation from -15° to +45° with the latter useful for urban operations. A Rheinmetall computerised fire- control system is installed, which allows stationary and moving targets to be engaged with a high first-round-hit probability while the host platform is moving. The gunner has a Rheinmetall Stabilised Electro-Optical Sighting System (SEOSS), which typically has day/thermal channels and an eye-safe laser rangefinder.
Hans Bethe's work with PSAC led to a famous 1968 article in Scientific American outlining the major problems facing any ABM defensive system. In the midst of the growing debate over Zeus' abilities, the US conducted its first high yield, high altitude tests – Hardtack Teak on 1 August 1958, and Hardtack Orange on 12 August. These demonstrated a number of previously unknown or underestimated effects, notably that nuclear fireballs grew to very large size and caused all of the air in or immediately below the fireball to become opaque to radar signals, an effect that became known as nuclear blackout. This was extremely worrying for any system like Zeus, which would not be able to track warheads in or behind such a fireball, including those of the Zeus' own warheads.
Springer Complex Adaptive Systems Modeling Journal (CASM) Through the mid-1990s, the social sciences thread of ABM began to focus on such issues as designing effective teams, understanding the communication required for organizational effectiveness, and the behavior of social networks. CMOT—later renamed Computational Analysis of Social and Organizational Systems (CASOS)—incorporated more and more agent-based modeling. Samuelson (2000) is a good brief overview of the early history, and Samuelson (2005) and Samuelson and Macal (2006) trace the more recent developments. In the late 1990s, the merger of TIMS and ORSA to form INFORMS, and the move by INFORMS from two meetings each year to one, helped to spur the CMOT group to form a separate society, the North American Association for Computational Social and Organizational Sciences (NAACSOS).
The era of the Strategic Defense Initiative (proposed in 1983) focused primarily on the development of systems to defend against nuclear warheads, however, some of the technologies developed may be useful also for anti-satellite use. After the Soviet Union collapsed, there were proposals to use this aircraft as a launch platform for lofting commercial and science packages into orbit. Recent political developments (see below) may have seen the reactivation of the Russian Air-Launched ASAT program, although there is no confirmation of this as yet. The Strategic Defense Initiative gave the US and Soviet ASAT programs a major boost; ASAT projects were adapted for ABM use and the reverse was also true. The initial US plan was to use the already-developed MHV as the basis for a space based constellation of about 40 platforms deploying up to 1,500 kinetic interceptors.
During 1937 the Italian Ministry of War issued specifications for a new armoured car (autoblindomitragliatrice), to fulfil the requirements of both colonial police long range patrols and army reconnaissance units for the new armoured formations. In May 1939 the Fiat-SPA and Ansaldo-Fossati consortium unveiled its armoured car proposal, named Abm 1, at the inauguration of the new Fiat Mirafiori plant near Turin; two prototypes had been built, one outfitted for military and one for police use. After trials by the Army, in May 1940 the armoured car was standardised, adopted with the official designation Autoblindo 40, and a first batch of 176 vehicles ordered. At the request of the Army the prototype had undergone numerous changes before it was adopted: redesigned front hull, recessed headlamps under armoured covers, improved ventilation, new cast spoked wheels, and flat, shortened mudguards.
He asked for cooperation on environmental protection, on debt relief for developing countries, on disarmament of nuclear weapons, on preservation of the ABM treaty and on a convention for the elimination of chemical weapons. At the same time, he promised the significant withdrawal of Soviet forces from Eastern Europe and Asia as well as an end to the jamming of Radio Liberty. Gorbachev described a phenomenon that could be described as a global political awakening: In the press, Gorbachev was compared to Woodrow Wilson giving the Fourteen Points, to Franklin D. Roosevelt and Winston Churchill promulgating the Atlantic Charter and to George Marshall and Harry S. Truman building the Western Alliance. While visionary, his speech was to be approached with caution as he was seen as attempting a fundamental redefinition of international relationships, on economic and environmental levels.
The W71 nuclear warhead Warhead being lowered into the borehole The W-71 nuclear warhead was a US thermonuclear warhead developed at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in California and deployed on the LIM-49A Spartan missile, a component of the Safeguard Program, an anti-ballistic missile (ABM) defense system briefly deployed by the US in the 1970s. The W-71 warhead was designed to intercept incoming enemy warheads at long range, as far as from the launch point. The interception took place at such high altitudes, comparable to low earth orbit, where there is practically no air. At these altitudes, x-rays resulting from the nuclear explosion can destroy incoming reentry vehicles at distances on the order of , which made the problem of guiding the missile to the required accuracies much simpler than earlier designs that had lethal ranges of less than .
The major advantage of this attack is that it takes place over long distances, as great as , which covers the majority of the threat tube containing the warhead and the various radar decoys and clutter material that accompanies it. Previously the ABM had to approach within less than of the warhead to damage it through neutron heating, which presented a serious problem attempting to locate the warhead within a threat tube that was typically at least a kilometer across and about ten long. Bell received a contract to begin conversion of the earlier LIM-49 Nike Zeus missile for the extended range role in March 1965. The result was the Zeus EX, or DM-15X2, which used the original Zeus' first stage as the second stage along with a new first stage to offer much greater range.
1946 Project Wizard missile Launch of a US Army Nike Zeus missile, the first ABM system to enter widespread testing. The idea of destroying rockets before they can hit their target dates from the first use of modern missiles in warfare, the German V-1 and V-2 program of World War II. British fighters destroyed some V-1 "buzz bombs" in flight, although concentrated barrages of heavy anti-aircraft artillery had greater success. Under the lend-lease program, 200 US 90 mm AA guns with SCR-584 radars and Western Electric/Bell Labs computers were sent to the UK. These demonstrated a 95% success rate against V-1s that flew into their range.Gregory Canavan, "Missile Defense for the 21st Century" , Heritage Foundation, 2003, p.3 The V-2, the first true ballistic missile, was impossible to destroy in the air.
"Be angry with government, not cops , Lee Rondganger, Lyse Comins and Nosipho Mngoma, The Daily News, 2014 Despite this sentiment, at the AbM "Unfreedom Day" rally held in Kwa-Mashu on 27 April 2014, the movement's President Sbu Zikode announced that they "would abandon their No Land, No House, No Vote campaign and cast a "strategic vote" in the May 7 elections".We will vote, but not ANC: Abahali , Nosipho Mngoma, The Daily News, 29 April 2014 A few days later Zikode signed a pact with the centrist Democratic Alliance (DA), stating that "We encourage our comrades and our membership to vote for the Democratic Alliance so that we can get rid of corruption". Zikode clarified that "Abahlali are not joining DA or any political party. We will remain independent from all kinds of mainstream political parties.
In 1961, faced with the prospect of development in the United States of an anti-ballistic missile (ABM) system to intercept conventional ICBMs, the Soviet Union began development of a fractional orbital bombardment system (FOBS) to defeat these interceptors. Soviet Chief Designer, Sergei Pavlovich Korolev designed the Global Rocket 1 (GR-1). The concept was to construct a missile that could be launched into low earth orbit (150 km), from which a 1500 kg nuclear warhead equipped with a deorbit stage could be dropped to its targets in a non-ballistic manner and without giving away its target until final descent. This concept would allow for very little warning to the U.S. because the rocket would be able to approach the United States from any direction and avoid missile tracking radar by flying below its coverage.
Swarmjet traces its history ultimately to a series of suggestions made by Richard Garwin as alternatives to large-scale ABM systems like Safeguard. Among these ideas were a "bed of nails" consisting of vertical steel spikes surrounding the silo that would destroy the warhead before it hit the ground and triggered, jamming systems to interrupt radar fuses, the dust defense where small nuclear warheads would be set off while the warheads approached and throw huge amounts of dust into the air that would abrade the warheads, and a non-nuclear version of the same concept, the "curtain of steel pellets". The last of these was picked up by Bernard Feld and Kosta Tsipis in a major article in Scientific American in 1979. They proposed replacing the shotgun- like projectiles with swarms of small unguided rockets that would fire at a range of about .
ICBMs, like the American Minuteman missile, allowed nations to deliver nuclear weapons thousands of miles away with relative ease. On 12 December 1982, 30,000 women held hands around the perimeter of the RAF Greenham Common base, in protest against the decision to site American cruise missiles there. After World War II, the balance of power between the Eastern and Western blocs and the fear of global destruction prevented the further military use of atomic bombs. This fear was even a central part of Cold War strategy, referred to as the doctrine of Mutually Assured Destruction. So important was this balance to international political stability that a treaty, the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty (or ABM treaty), was signed by the U.S. and the USSR in 1972 to curtail the development of defenses against nuclear weapons and the ballistic missiles that carry them.
With their change of fortunes after McElroy's 1958 decision, Army General James M. Gavin publicly stated that Zeus would soon replace strategic bombers as the nation's main deterrent. In response to this turn of events, the Air Force stepped up their policy by press release efforts against the Army, as well as agitating behind the scenes within the Defense Department. As part of their Wizard research, the Air Force had developed a formula that compared the cost of an ICBM to the ABM needed to shoot it down. The formula, later known as the cost-exchange ratio, could be expressed as a dollar figure; if the cost of the ICBM was less than that figure, the economic advantage was in favor of the offense - they could build more ICBMs for less money than the ABMs needed to shoot them down.
A review of recent literature on individual- based models, agent-based models, and multiagent systems shows that ABMs are used on non-computing related scientific domains including biology, ecology and social science. Agent-based modeling is related to, but distinct from, the concept of multi-agent systems or multi-agent simulation in that the goal of ABM is to search for explanatory insight into the collective behavior of agents obeying simple rules, typically in natural systems, rather than in designing agents or solving specific practical or engineering problems. Agent- based models are a kind of microscale model that simulate the simultaneous operations and interactions of multiple agents in an attempt to re-create and predict the appearance of complex phenomena. The process is one of emergence, which some express as "the whole is greater than the sum of its parts".
Since it was historically part of the ecclesiastical province of Queensland, the Anglican Board of Mission—Australia (ABM-A; previously Australian Board of Mission) has provided ongoing personnel and material support to the church. Today that support takes the form of funding for theological training, ministry, evangelism and building the church's capacity for community development and enhanced provision of vital social services such as education and health, including HIV/AIDS. St Martin's Church, Boroko, Port Moresby The Anglican mission was not well funded in years past and it did not compare favourably with other Christian denominations in Papua New Guinea in terms of health and education services. Roman Catholic, Lutheran, Congregational and Methodist missions elsewhere in the country established plantations and other commercial enterprises by way of funding mission activities and were able to recruit Polynesian mission staff from elsewhere in the South Pacific.
During the 33rd G8 summit in Germany on June 7–8, 2007, Russian president Vladimir Putin made an offer to deploy elements of an American anti-ballistic missile system in Azerbaijan, instead of Poland (see US missile defense complex in Poland) and the Czech Republic, using the Gabala Radar Station jointly with Russia. This offer came after the debate about the U.S. plan to deploy anti-ballistic missile system components in Eastern Europe to defend against possible ballistic missile attacks from Iran and North Korea. The plan met with sharp criticism by Russia which threatened to target Europe with its own ballistic missiles despite US claims that the system was not designed to defend against a large scale Russian attack. The Gabala radar is used as a sensor for the A-135 ABM system which Russia has operated in Europe, near Moscow, since the 1970s.
Although initially associated with the Democratic Left Alliance, she was also a member, from 1999 to 2001, of Polish Socialist Youth Union and, between October 2001 and October 2004, was a leader in the Alliance's Jelenia Góra youth chapter as well as deputy leader of the city's Stowarzyszenie Młodej Lewicy Demokratycznej [Young Democratic Left Association]. During 2002–04 she worked at the Ministry of Interior and Administration and, concurrently, from March 2002 to December 2003, was an assistant at the political office of cabinet member Krzysztof Janik, the Minister of Interior and Administration. Also, from January to June 2004, she served as the chief advisor in the Ministry's Office of Social Communication. She was an organizer of parliamentary debates on national security issues, including the benefits and risks connected with the installation of elements of the American anti- ballistic missile (ABM) defense system on Polish territory.
Presidential Oath Ceremony after 1986 election, with the Chief Justice and Military Secretary (1984–1989) Brigadier ABM Elias Army Chief of Staff Lieutenant General Hussain Muhammad Ershad assumed power in a bloodless coup on 24 March 1982, citing the "grave political, economic, and societal crisis" that the nation was in. This move was not unanticipated, as Ershad had previously expressed distaste with the ageing Sattar (who was past his 75th birthday) and his handling of national affairs, in addition to his refusal to allow the army more participation in politics. Like his predecessors, Ershad suspended the constitution and—citing pervasive corruption, ineffectual government, and economic mismanagement—declared martial law. Among his first actions were to privatise the largely state-owned economy (up to 70% of industry was in public ownership) and encourage private investment in heavy industries along with light manufacturing, raw materials, and newspapers.
In line with his presidency, Ziad remains chairman of Hawat Trading, Lebanon (exporter of wood products in Lebanon and the Middle East), chairman of Hawat Trading, Middle East, chairman of ABM, Lebanon and chairman of Zinaline Kitchen Factory, Lebanon. In parallel with all the above, Ziad is a member of AIMF (International Association of Francophone Mayors) and a member of the Lebanese Maronite Association. During his presidency, Ziad launched and oversaw the success of many projects, the most notable being: \-- The new municipality building—Reconstruction of the old souk facades—Public Park with a surface area of 12,000 m2 which was awarded the biggest park award in Lebanon—Sports City—Best Touristic City of 2016—Christmas trees (2013 – 2016) which got worldwide recognition In 2016, Ziad Hawat was reelected as President of the Municipality of Byblos for his 2nd term with no opponent to beat.
Another observer states the discussion was more level headed, quoting Kosygin: The Soviets also tell stories about McNamara's behavior at the meeting; Boris Sedov later told Ray Garthoff that McNamara had launched into an hour long talk about strategic theory complete with slides and math, and that when both Johnson and Kosygin wanted to break for lunch, McNamara "put his hands on the shoulders of both Kosygin and the president, almost literally holding them down." In any event, the two apparently failed to convince Kosygin that ABMs were a proliferation problem, and by the summer it was clear that the Soviets were not progressing on the deal. On 8 September 1967, Dean Rusk sent the Soviets a note suggesting they reengage, or the US would begin to deploy an ABM system. When an answer was not received within 8 days, the process was considered to be stalled.
Later in the same year, he engaged in a dialogue with Pope Paul VI, as part of the pontiff's ostpolitik that resulted in greater openness for the Roman Catholic Church in Eastern Europe despite heavy persecution of Christians in the Soviet Union itself. Gromyko also prided himself on the signing of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons on 1 July 1968, the 1972 ABM and SALT I treaties, and the Agreement on the Prevention of Nuclear War in 1973. Gromyko meeting with Jimmy Carter, the President of the United States, in 1978 After joining the Politburo in 1973 under Leonid Brezhnev's leadership, Gromyko steadily consolidated his position in the regime's hierarchy to become the architect of the Soviet Union's foreign policy. Upon reaching the peak of his power and influence, Gromyko's approach to diplomacy began to suffer from the same qualities that underpinned his early career.
In 1995 a plant was opened at Arundel on the Gold Coast."New Custom Coaches Plant" Australian Bus Panorama June 1996 issue 11/9 page 28 Newnham Custom closed in 2001 with production transferred to Adelaide."Newnham to Close" Australian Bus Panorama July 2001 issue 17/1Customs launches supersite Australasian Bus & Coach In 2000 Australian Bus Manufacturing in Adelaide was purchased."Australian Bus Manufacturing" Australian Bus Panorama August 2000 issue 16/1 page 18Custom acquires ABM, UBC set up in Asia Australasian Bus & Coach It had been formed in 1999 when a consortium of CCMC, Jim Bosnjak and John Hewson purchased the PMC Australia business following the collapse of Clifford Corporation."Austral Pacific Group" Fleetline May 1999 page 75"New Owner for Bus Plant" Australian Bus Panorama June 1999 issue 14/6 page 32 Australian Bus Manufacturing was rebranded as Custom Coaches in 2004.
S-300PMU-2 64N6E2 acquisition radar (part of 83M6E2 command post) The S-300PMU-1 (, US DoD designation SA-20A, NATO reporting name SA-20 Gargoyle) was also introduced in 1993 with the new and larger 48N6 missiles for the first time in a land-based system and introduced all the same performance improvements from the S300FM version including the increased speed, range, TVM guidance and ABM capability.S-300 PMU2 SA-20B Gargoyle B Surface-to-Air missile The warhead is slightly smaller than the naval version at . This version also saw the introduction of the new and more capable 30N6E TOMB STONE radar. The S-300PMU-1 was introduced in 1993 and for the first time introduces several different kinds of missiles in a single system. In addition to the 5V55R and 48N6E missiles the S-300PMU-1 can utilise two new missiles, the 9M96E1 and 9M96E2.
The Twin Cities metropolitan area has the fifth highest concentration of major corporate headquarters in the country, with five Fortune 500 corporations headquartered within the city limits of Minneapolis: Target, U.S. Bancorp, Xcel Energy, Ameriprise Financial and Thrivent Financial. As of 2015, the city's largest employers downtown are Target, Wells Fargo, HCMC, Hennepin County, Ameriprise, U.S. Bancorp, Xcel Energy, the city of Minneapolis, RBC Wealth Management, the Star Tribune newspaper, Capella Education Company, Thrivent, CenturyLink, ABM Industries, and the Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. alt=two approximately 30-story towers made of glass windows on a downtown street, other towers visible in background Foreign companies with U.S. offices in Minneapolis include Accenture, Bellisio Foods (now part of Charoen Pokphand Foods), Canadian Pacific, Coloplast, RBC and Voya Financial. In its 2018 survey for expatriate executives, The Economist ranked Minneapolis the third-most expensive city in North America and 26th in the world.
Among these ideas were a "bed of nails" consisting of vertical steel spikes surrounding the silo that would destroy the warhead before it hit the ground and triggered, jamming systems to interrupt radar fuses, the dust defense where small nuclear warheads would be set off while the warheads approached and throw huge amounts of dust into the air that would abrade the warheads, and a non-nuclear version of the same concept, the "curtain of steel pellets". The last of these was picked up by Bernard Feld and Kosta Tsipis in a major article in Scientific American in 1979. They proposed replacing the shotgun-like projectiles with swarms of small unguided rockets that would fire at a range of about . As they were unguided, they suggested that they would not be considered interceptor missiles under the ABM treaty, but also suggested that a renegotiation might be required.
In 1950, their first experimental system was able to detect rocket launches away at Cape Canaveral, and the cloud from a nuclear explosion in Nevada distant. In the early 1970s, a joint American-British project, code named Cobra Mist, used a 10-MW OTH radar at Orfordness (the birthplace of British radar), England, in an attempt to detect aircraft and missile launchings over the Western USSR. Because of US-USSR ABM agreements, this was abandoned within two years.”Cobra Mist”; In the same time period, the Soviets were developing a similar system; this successfully detected a missile launch at . By 1976, this had matured into an operational system named Duga (“Arc” in English), but known to western intelligence as Steel Yard and called Woodpecker by radio amateurs and others who suffered from its interference – the transmitter was estimated to have a power of 10 MW.”Mystery Signals Of The Short Wave”, Wireless World, Feb.
He makes friends among the ordinary people that lead the life of privation and misery, while twice daily everyone is overcome by sudden an unexplained bouts of ecstatic enthusiasm, proclaiming their total allegiance and undying gratitude to the country's hidden rulers, known as the Unknown Fathers (in the censored versions Fire-bearing Creators), who are said to have the best interests of the people at heart, serving as bulwark against threats foreign and domestic, mainly from the so called degens (degenerates), the uncompromising enemies of the people, the terrorists who sometimes blow up the anti-ballistic missile (ABM) towers strewn around the country. All this makes little sense to Maxim, since his own society is free from war, hostility, crime and material shortages. Still confused about the official ideology, Kammerer gets enlisted in the military, to serve and protect the state and its people. He is ordered to execute some captured degens, one of them a woman.
Although a state-owned corporation at the time, British Rail was under pressure to operate on a more commercial basis. In attempt to revive its loss-making business, BR chairman Sir Peter Parker commissioned a series of commercials from Peter Marsh of the advertising agency Allen, Brady and Marsh (ABM). The agency reportedly won the pitch to BR by keeping their visiting executives waiting for a long time in a dirty room surrounded by overflowing ashtrays and coffee-stained furniture; after the executives' patience came to an end and they were about to leave in disgust, Marsh entered the room to greet them, explaining that their treatment had been a ruse to illustrate the customer experience of BR, and that his agency would be able put it right. The reason Savile was selected to front the advertising campaign, was because at the time, he was perceived as being both a popular and family-friendly television personality.
As part of a sweeping review of post-war requirements, on 20 June 1945 the Army Ground Forces Equipment review listed the requirement for "High velocity guided missiles… capable of… destroying missiles of the V-2 type, should be developed at the earliest practicable date." In July of that year, the US Army Signal Corps started basic research into two radar systems for ABM use. In January 1946 the Commanding General of the Army Ground Forces (AGF) established a requirement for a study program on the V-2 problem. In early February, the Joint Committee on New Weapons and Equipment, the "Stillwell Board" run by Joseph Stilwell, restated the antimissile requirement in its report on a Proposed National Program for Guided Missiles. By 1 April Secretary of War Robert P. Patterson had signed off on the program, and at the end of May the Stilwell Board published a requirement for an antimissile with a 100,000 yard range.
Since 1950, he worked in the KB-1 of the Ministry of Defense Industry, then at the Ministry of Radio Industry's CB to create air defense systems, where he took part in the development of the multi-channel anti-aircraft anti- aircraft defense system of Moscow. Since 1968 he worked at the Vympel Special Design Bureau (OKB) on the development of anti-missile defense (ABM) systems, participated in the development of the S-200 multi-channel long-range anti- aircraft missile system. For the development of the complex S-200, received the title of Hero of Socialist Labor. The main scientific works are devoted to improving the efficiency of signal filtering and the resolution of radar systems; the development of multifunctional missile defense information systems based on radar facilities and optoelectronic devices controlled by high-performance ground and on-board computers; the development of complexes of control systems of aircraft, affecting air and space objects.
An anti-ICBM defensive ABM system was first considered by the US Army in 1955 under the name Nike II. This was essentially an upgraded version of their Nike B surface-to-air missile (SAM) along with dramatically improved radars and computers able to detect the incoming reentry vehicles (RVs) and develop tracking information while still leaving enough time for the interceptor missile to climb to its altitude. Zeus had limited traffic handling capabilities, designed to deal with a small number of attacking missiles arriving over a period of as long as an hour. It was calculated that an attack of only four missiles arriving within one minute would allow one of the warheads to pass by while the system was busy attacking others, making it relatively easy to attack the Zeus base. However, in an era when ICBMs cost about the same as a strategic bomber, such an attack would cost an enormous amount.
The article noted as important his de-ideologized stance, willingness to give up use of force, commitment to troop cuts in Eastern Europe (accelerating political change there) and compliance with the ABM treaty. According to the article, the new world order seemed to imply shifting of resources from military to domestic needs; a world community of states based on the rule of law; a dwindling of security alliances like NATO and the Warsaw Pact; and an inevitable move toward European integration. The author of the Time article felt that George H. W. Bush should counter Gorbachev's "common home" rhetoric toward the Europeans with the idea of "common ideals", turning an alliance of necessity into one of shared values. Gorbachev's repudiation of expansionism leaves the United States in a good position, no longer having to support anti-communist dictators and able to pursue better goals such as the environment; nonproliferation of nuclear, chemical and biological weapons; reducing famine and poverty; and resolving regional conflicts.
The School of Environment, Resources, and Development offers master's degrees [MEng, MSc], professional master's degree programs, doctoral degrees [DEng, DTechSc, PhD], and Certificate of Advanced Studies. The School is divided into three departments: (1)Department of Food, Agriculture & Bioresources This includes the following programs: Agribusiness Management (ABM), Agricultural Systems Engineering (ASE),Agricultural Systems and Engineering Aquaculture and Aquatic Resources Management (AARM),Aquaculture and Aquatic Resources Management and Food Engineering and Bioprocess Technology (FEBT).Food Engineering and Bioprocess Technology (2) Department of Energy, Environment & Climate Change This includes the following programs: Energy,Energy Environmental Engineering and Management (EEM),Environmental and Engineering Management Climate Change and Sustainable Development (CCSD), Energy Business and Urban Water Engineering and Management. (3) Department of Development & Sustainability This includes the following programs: Development and Sustainability (DS), Disaster Preparedness, Mitigation and Management (DPMM), Gender and Development Studies (GDS),Gender and Development Studies Natural Resources Management (NRM), Regional and Rural Development Planning (RRDP),Regional and Rural Development Planning Urban Environment Management (UEM).
In April 1970, in response to the Nixon administration's choice to back efforts by the South Vietnamese in Cambodia, senators made moves toward ending funding for American military aid there. Stennis and Michigan Senator Robert P. Griffin described the operation as one limited in scale and with the purpose of destroying sanctuaries of the North Vietnamese and Vietcong in Cambodia on the South Vietnam border. In July, Stennis advocated for the United States adopting an ABM system to safeguard against Soviet SS‐9 intercontinental ballistics missiles and called on fellow senators to recall "the grim fact of rapidly increasing Russian strategic forces which could place this country in jeopardy in the years ahead." In August, as the Senate voted to bar the United States from paying larger allowances to allied troops in Vietnam than it pays to American soldiers, Stennis said he was impressed with the legislation and that he would be in favor if "some adjustment can be made consistent with our honor".
However, in 2001, President George W. Bush set a plan in motion to reduce the country's missile forces from 6,000 to between 1,700 and 2,200. Thus the START II treaty was officially bypassed by the SORT treaty, agreed to by Presidents George W. Bush and Vladimir Putin at their summit meeting in November 2001, and signed at Moscow Summit on 24 May 2002. Both sides agreed to reduce operationally deployed strategic nuclear warheads to 1,700 from 2,200 by 2012. On 13 June 2002, the U.S. withdrew from the ABM Treaty, and on the following day Russia announced that it would no longer consider itself to be bound by START II provisions. Both countries continued to pursue their objectives: Russia to this day retains 54 MIRV-capable RS-20/R-36M (SS-18 Satan) with 10 warheads each, 40 MIRV-capable RS-18/UR-100N (SS-19 Stiletto) with 6 warheads each and 24 MIRV-capable RS-24 Yars with 3 warheads each.
General Electric FABMDS Despite the cancellation of Plato, the requirement for a definitive ABM system remained, and the Army started the Field Army Ballistic Missile Defense System project in September 1959.Parsch 2003b Studies of FABMDS were run through May 1960, and proposals for the project, which was defined as being fully mobile and capable of undertaking four simultaneous intercept with a 95% probability of kill (PK); in September 1961, General Electric's submission was judged the best of the proposals. The proposed FABMDS was a large, solid- fueled missile, capable of intercepting theatre and medium-range ballistic missiles; in length with a diameter of , it was to be equipped with a nuclear warhead and could intercept incoming missiles at altitudes of up to . By October 1962, however, the technology available was officially deemed incapable of producing a cost-effective system; in addition, the requirement had been altered to require capability for defense against aircraft, which was considered compromising to the effectiveness of the system against missile targets,Davis 1986, p.3.
RAF Fylingdales, UK and Clear Air Force Station, Alaska BMEWS stations became SSPARS radar stations when their respective AN/FPS-126 radar (3 faces) and 2001 Raytheon AN/FPS-120 Solid State Phased Array Radar became operational. In 2007, 100 owners/trustees of amateur radio repeaters in the 420 to 450 MHz band near AN/FPS-123 radars were notified to lower their power output to mitigate interference, and AN/FPS-123s were part of the Air Force Space Surveillance System by 2009. The Beale AN/FPS-123 was upgraded to a Raytheon AN/FPS-132 Upgraded Early Warning Radar (UEWR), circa 2012, with capabilities to operate in the Ground-based Midcourse Defense (GMD) ABM system—the Beale UEWR included Avionics, Transmit-Receive modules, Receiver Exciter / Test Target Generator, Beam Steering Generator, Signal Processor, and other changes. After additional UEWR installations for GMD at Thule Site J and the UK (contracted 2003), a 2012 ESD/XRX Request for Information for replacement, and remote operation, of the remaining "PAVE PAWS/BMEWS/PARCS systems" at Cape Cod, Alaska, and North Dakota was issued.
According to eThekwini City Manager Dr. Michael Sutcliffe, the essence of the tensions between Abahlali baseMjondolo and the City lie in the fact that the movement "rejects the authority of the city." When the Durban High Court ruled that his attempts to ban marches by AbM were unlawful he stated that: "We will be asking serious questions of the court because we cannot allow anarchy having anyone marching at any time and any place.", Press Statement by Sutcliffe According to Lennox Mabaso, spokesperson for the Provincial Department of Housing, the movement is "under the sway of an agent provocateur" who is "engaged in clandestine operations" and who has been "assigned to provoke unrest"., Sunday Tribune article by Mabaso City Officials continue to argue that the movement is a Third Force seeking to undermine the ruling African National Congress for nefarious purposes.ANC: ‘Abahlali and opposition a third force’, Mhlabunzima Memela, The Witness, 17 October 2013 In December 2006, Abahlali members and members of the Western Cape Anti-Eviction Campaign,On the SMI, from the Anti-Eviction Campaign . Abahlali.org.
AbM said that they are victims of a 'purge' and that they refused to sit side by side with attackers and have called for an independent investigation into the attacks.Kennedy olive branch a sham Mail & Guardian A number of well known intellectuals, including Noam Chomsky, have expressed concern about the attacksStatement in support of Abahlali baseMjondolo, by Noam Chomsky et al,9 October 2009 and Human Rights Watch, Wilson Johwa, 'Slum dwellers’ body wants Langa to lead attack probe', Business Day, 5 November 2009 the Centre for the Study of Democracy, Call for President to Establish a Commission of Inquiry into Violence Against Shackdwellers The Norwegian Centre for Human Rights Letter to President Jacob Zuma from the Norwegian Centre for Human Rights and Amnesty International Failure to conduct impartial investigation into Kennedy Road violence is leading to further human rights abuses, Amnesty International, 16 December 2009 supported the call for an independent commission of inquiry into the attacks. The government ignored this call. Abahlali baseMjondolo claimed that violence and intimidation of its members in the settlement continued for many months after the initial attacks.
Presidential Oath Ceremony after 1986 election, with the Chief Justice and long term Military Secretary to the President (1984–1989) Brigadier General ABM Elias Ershad imitated his predecessor President Zia in many ways. Initially, he too installed a civilian president, Abul Fazal Muhammed Ahsanuddin Chowdhury (March 1982‐December 1983), and became the President only on 11 December 1983. He also floated a state‐sponsored political party, Jatiya Party (JP), composed of various factions from leftist and rightist political parties to support his regime. Like his predecessor, he allowed political parties to be active. Jatiyo Party nominated Ershad in the Presidential Election of 1986, which was organised by his government. The only significant opposition candidates were Hafezzi Huzur and Syed Faruque Rahman, a retired colonel who had been accused in 15 August Assassination of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman and 3 November jail killing in 1975. Parliamentary elections on 7 May 1986, held under the martial law. Main contenders for the parliamentary seats were the Jatiya (People's) Party, formed on 1 January 1986 when the nationwide ban on political activity was lifted, and comprising the five parties which had together formed the pro- government National Front in July 1985 and the opposition leftist Awami League, led by Sheikh Hasina.
Following the attacks at Kennedy Road, 13 members of Abahlali baseMjondolo were arrested. No members of the mob that attacked the AbM meeting were arrested. The case of one of the defendants was withdrawn while the other 12 defendants had their bail applications postponed for a number of months and the trial postponed for over a year resulting in claims of political interference.Justice on Trial, 1 December 2010 The remaining 5 defendants were refused bail for a total of 10 months until the magistrate condemned the prosecutor and police's recurring delays.The Kennedy 12 Case Postponed Until 29 November – the Five Jailed Comrades to be Released Tomorrow, 12 July 2010 Churches, academics and human rights organisations expressed considerable concerns about the legal process of the Kennedy 12 trialists.Shack dwellers falsely arrested, says bishop, Kamini Padayachee, The Mercury, 19 November 2009Justice delayed and denied for 12 Kennedy Road accused, Jeff Guy, The Mercury, 13 May 2010Mercury: Hands off the shack dwellers, 12 July 2010 The New York-based Centre for Constitutional Rights sent an urgent appeal to the United Nations Special Rapporteur on the Situation of Human Rights Defenders to ask her to investigate the attacks on Abahlali baseMjondolo and the consequent legal process.

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