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"taxon" Definitions
  1. a scientifically classified group or entity : a taxonomic unit (such as a genus or order) of any rank
  2. the name applied to a taxonomic group in a formal system of nomenclature

1000 Sentences With "taxon"

How to use taxon in a sentence? Find typical usage patterns (collocations)/phrases/context for "taxon" and check conjugation/comparative form for "taxon". Mastering all the usages of "taxon" from sentence examples published by news publications.

The photos are then brought to the experts in that taxon for comments and verification.
The other possible taxon was Homo erectus' younger cousin, Homo antecessor, which inhabited modern-day Spain.
The phrase in science is "Lazarus taxon," the return of a grouping that had seemingly been lost to history.
"This new beetle may not win any Oscars for charisma," Taxon Expeditions' founder and entomologist Dr. Iva Njunjic said.
"Every invertebrate taxon tested had detectable concentrations, based on dry weight, of at least one pharmaceutical in its tissues," the study states.
Although you could argue that DiCaprio rocked the otherworldly bug outfit at Coachella, Taxon Expeditions clarified that the name comes from more than just looks.
"It is always exciting to name a new fossil taxon, but it is equally exciting if that taxon also provides additional insights into the bigger picture of its life, such as its diet or aspects of its behavior, and the environment it lived in," said Jelle Wiersma, lead study author and doctoral student in the department of geosciences at James Cook University in Australia, in a statement.
In November 2015 Syngenta and DSM, a Dutch company, formed a similar partnership, and earlier that year, in April, DuPont bought Taxon Biosciences, a Californian microbes firm.
"The Yeti is many things to many people and attempts to identify it as an unknown taxon of hominid are perhaps the least interesting thing about it," Barnett added.
The pelican spider is both a "living fossil" and a "Lazarus taxon" (an organism that gives the appearance of being resurrected from prehistory because its fossils were found before living versions).
A taxon-range zone is simply the biozone defined by the first (first appearance datum or FAD) and last (last appearance datum or LAD) occurrence of a single taxon. The boundaries are defined by the lowest and highest stratigraphic occurrence of that particular taxon. Taxon-range zones are named after the taxon in it.
In taxonomy, a segregate, or a segregate taxon is created when a taxon is split off from another taxon. This other taxon will be better known, usually bigger, and will continue to exist, even after the segregate taxon has been split off. A segregate will be either new or ephemeral: there is a tendency for taxonomists to disagree on segregates, and later workers often reunite a segregate with the 'mother' taxon. If a segregate is generally accepted as a 'good' taxon it ceases to be a segregate.
Orodrominae is the sister taxon of Thescelosaurinae. Its parent taxon is Thescelosauridae (Brown et al, 2013).
In biostratigraphy, a subdiscipline of geology, a taxon-range zone is the zone between the highest and the lowest stratigraphic occurrence of a taxon. Taxon- range zones are one of the fundamental biozones used in biostratigraphy and are named after the taxon whose range they describe.
A living taxon morphologically and/or physiologically resembling a fossil taxon through a large portion of geologic time (morphological stasis).
The upper surface of the horn was elevated and very rough. The orbital horns showed coarse ridges. Subsequently, "Taxon A" was named Stellasaurus, "Taxon B" became Einiosaurus, while "Taxon C" became Achelousaurus. In 1992, Horner et al.
The International Commission on Stratigraphy defines a Taxon-range zone as follows: "The body of strata representing the known range of stratigraphic and geographic occurrence of specimens of a particular taxon. It is the sum of the documented occurrences in all individual sections and localities from which the particular taxon has been identified." So a taxon-range zone is not only a vertical interval, but expands laterally. Taxon-range zones are limited at the top by the surface that connects all highest known stratigraphic occurrences of the taxon and are limited at the bottom by the surface that connects all lowest known stratigraphic occurrences of the taxon.
In paleontology, an Elvis taxon (plural Elvis taxa) is a taxon that has been misidentified as having re-emerged in the fossil record after a period of presumed extinction, but is not actually a descendant of the original taxon, instead having developed a similar morphology by convergent evolution. This implies that the extinction of the original taxon is real, and one taxon containing specimens from before and after the extinction would be polyphyletic.
An Elvis taxon is a look-alike that has supplanted an extinct taxon through convergent evolution. A zombie taxon is a taxon that contains specimens that have been collected from strata younger than the extinction of the taxon. Later such fossils turn out to be freed from the original seam and refossilized in a younger sediment. For example, a trilobite that gets eroded out of its Cambrian-aged limestone matrix, and reworked into Miocene-aged siltstone.
Names must not convey a meaning for the taxon which would seem to either exclude viruses which are rightfully members of that taxon, exclude members which might one day belong to that taxon, or include viruses which are members of different taxa.
A name has a type, and a taxonomist (having defined the taxon) can determine which existing types fall within the scope of the taxon. He or she can then use the rules in the Code to determine the valid name for the taxon.
Physocephalatidira is a parvorder of plankton in the sub-order Hyperiidea. It is the only taxon within the infraorder Physocephalata, making its parent a monotypic taxon.
The local range of a taxon is the zone between the highest and the lowest stratigraphic occurrence of a taxon in a particular locality or area.
The corresponding crown group for this taxon is Hominidae. Pongidae has seven extant member species. This taxon is rarely used today but is of historical significance.
Therefore, H. fruhstorferi apicalis and H. indica are synonymous and as the taxon H. f. apicalis precedes the taxon H. indica, the correct name is Hylaeothemis apicalis.
The defining morphological feature of this taxon is the presence of septum dividing the gamont or trophozoite into a protomerite and deutomerite. The septum may not always be visible by light microscopy. Species in this taxon also have an epimerite. Species in this taxon infect invertebrates and especially arthropods.
Although the authors claim that the taxon is easily differentiated by the size of the interparietal bone, they then mention that morphological measurements cannot distinguish the taxon, nor do they provide any evidence to back these assertions. Furthermore, no evidence was presented restricting the taxon to the central Cordilleras.
Reconstruction of two individuals of the closely related taxon Hyperodapedon Sues et al. (2020) placed Oryctorhynchus as the sister species to Hyperodapedon and an unnamed hyperodapedontine taxon from Wyoming.
The Terebellidae is a marine family of polychaete worms, of which the type taxon is Terebella, described by Carl Linnaeus in his 1767 12th edition of Systema Naturae.WoRMS taxon register.
It is smaller than in length. It is sometimes referred to Salmo trutta macrostigma, which depending on concept is either a more widespread Mediterranean taxon, or a taxon endemic to Algeria.
Xenodermidae have a basal position in the colubroid radiation. However, their exact position is not yet settled, e.g., that they might be the sister taxon of the rest of Colubroidea, or that their sister taxon is Acrochordidae, and that these two families together form a clade that is the sister taxon for the Colubroidea.
1. Many studies also recognize a clade called Scincogekkonomorpha, which is a stem-based taxon defined to include all lizards more closely related to geckos and skinks than to iguanas. Scleroglossa was first established as a node-based taxon, defined to include Gekkota and Autarchoglossa. Therefore, Scincogekkonomorpha rather than Scleroglossa is the proper sister taxon of Iguania.
The plus symbol ("+") between taxa indicates the given taxa is a node-based clade, defined as comprising all descendants of the last common ancestor of the "added" taxa. The greater-than symbol (">") indicates the given taxon is a stem-based taxon, comprising all organisms sharing a common ancestor that is not also an ancestor of the "lesser" taxon.
Its probable female gametophyte is the form taxon Langiophyton mackiei.
Lineage zones are named for the specific taxon they represent.
Based on this hypothesis, Sifrhippus would be an invalid taxon.
It was found to be the sister taxon of Eolambia.
The valid name for this taxon is, however, Balea sarsii.
The family Semisulcospiridae was introduced as just a name (nomen nudum) by Morrison (1952), without a diagnosis of the taxon. It is a valid taxon however, because its name has been used as valid.
This taxon is restricted to one genus, Kuehneodon, with seven species.
The taxon has not been assessed in the IUCN Red List.
A phylogenetic analysis places Makowskia as the sister taxon to Spinarerpeton.
Heylerosaurids are generally regarded as the sister taxon of the stenotosaurids.
Currie and Evans recovered Saurornitholestes as the sister taxon of Atrociraptor.
There are three genera in this taxon and seventy named species.
They felt justified to name a separate taxon, pending further discoveries.
An abundance zone, or acme zone, is a biozone that is defined by the range in which the abundance of a particular taxon is highest. Because an abundance zone requires a statistically high proportion of a particular taxon, the only way to define them is to trace the abundance of the taxon through time. As local environmental factors influence abundance, this can be an unreliable way of defining a biozone. Abundance zones are named after the taxon that is the most abundant within its range.
Some recent sources apply the phylogenetic taxon Spheniscidae to what here is referred to as Spheniscinae. Furthermore, they restrict the phylogenetic taxon Sphenisciformes to flightless taxa, and establish the phylogenetic taxon Pansphenisciformes as equivalent to the Linnean taxon Sphenisciformes, i.e., including any flying basal "proto-penguins" to be discovered eventually. Given that neither the relationships of the penguin subfamilies to each other nor the placement of the penguins in the avian phylogeny is presently resolved, this is confusing, so the established Linnean system is followed here.
They provide molecular means for distinguishing members of a particular taxon from all other organisms. Figure 1 shows an example of 5aa CSI found in all species belonging to the taxon X. This is a distinctive characteristic of this taxon as it is not found in any other species. This signature was likely introduced in a common ancestor of the species from this taxon. Similarly other group- specific signatures (not shown) could be shared by either A1 and A2 or B1 and B2, etc.
He deliberately declined to name these three taxa. The oldest form was indicated as "Transitional Taxon A", mainly represented by skull MOR 492. Then came "Taxon B" – the many skeletons of the Dinosaur Ridge Quarry and the Canyon Bone Bed. The youngest was "Taxon C", represented by skull MOR 485 found in 1987 and the horned dinosaur fossils of the Blacktail Creek North.
Then came "Taxon B" – the many skeletons of the Dinosaur Ridge Quarry and the Canyon Bone Bed. The youngest was "Taxon C," represented by skull MOR 485 and the horned dinosaur fossils of the Blacktail Creek.
Crystallaria is the sister taxon of the genus Ammocrypta and together these genera are the sister taxon of the clade consisting of the speciose genus Etheostoma and Nothonotus. Some authorities regard Crystallaria as a subgenus of Ammocrypta.
Many older textbooks and websites refer to this suborder as Anaspidea. The original author Paul Henri Fischer described the taxon Anaspidea at unspecified rank above family. In 1925 Johannes Thiele established the taxon Anaspidea as a suborder.
Ammocrypta is the sister taxon of the genus Crystallaria and together these genera are the sister taxon of the clade consisting of the speciose genus Etheostoma and Nothonotus. Some authorities regard Crystallaria as a subgenus of Ammocrypta.
It is much scarcer in Europe than the similar glaucous gull. The American taxon Kumlien's gull is often considered a subspecies, L. g. kumlieni, of Iceland gull. The taxon Thayer's gull is considered a subspecies, L. g.
Others split the taxon into two species: T. viridis and T. quadricolor.
Since 2017, the jaguar is therefore considered to be a monotypic taxon.
Penkalski already in 2001 suggested it represented a taxon different from Euoplocephalus.
In this last case, the term Lazarus taxon is applied in neontology.
The taxon has not yet been assessed for the IUCN Red List.
This taxon was long considered to be a subfamily of the Trochidae.
A sister taxon relationship between D. galeatus and D. tessellatus is supported.
Archelosauria, an alternative clade that places turtles as sister taxon to archosaurs.
Typification of Linnaean names relevant to algal nomenclature. Taxon 58: 237-260, .
Phylogenies showing the terminology used to describe different patterns of ancestral and derived character or trait states. In phylogenetics, an autapomorphy is a distinctive feature, known as a derived trait, that is unique to a given taxon. That is, it is found only in one taxon, but not found in any others or outgroup taxa, not even those most closely related to the focal taxon (which may be a species, family or in general any clade). It can therefore be considered an apomorphy in relation to a single taxon.
This is because it is a "wildcard" taxon with several equally likely positions within Saurischia. These positions may include Nhandumirim as the sister taxon to all other saurischians, as the sister taxon to Eoraptor, or as the sister taxon to all other theropods (which also includes herrerasaurids in this option). Regardless, the authors considered unlikely that Nhandumirim is particularly close to Staurikosaurus or Saturnalia. Nonetheless, the phylogenetic position of Nhandumirim was also tested in the article describing Gnathovorax cabreirai, which recovered it as a saturnaliine sauropodomorph, close-associated with Saturnalia and Chromogisaurus.
African elephants form the genus Loxodonta, a widely accepted taxon. In biology, a taxon (back-formation from taxonomy; plural taxa) is a group of one or more populations of an organism or organisms seen by taxonomists to form a unit. Although neither is required, a taxon is usually known by a particular name and given a particular ranking, especially if and when it is accepted or becomes established. It is very common, however, for taxonomists to remain at odds over what belongs to a taxon and the criteria used for inclusion.
Opisthobranchs () is now an informal name for a large and diverse group of specialized complex gastropods which used to be united in the subclass Opisthobranchia. That taxon is no longer considered to represent a monophyletic grouping. Euopisthobranchia is a taxon containing a revised collection of opisthobranchs, and that taxon is considered monophyletic. Euopisthobranchia does not include some "traditional" opisthobranchs such as the Sacoglossa and the Acochlidiacea.
There are fast algorithms for generating the collection of splits. The weights are determined from the taxon to taxon distances. Split decomposition is effective when the number of taxa is small or when the signal is not too complicated.
The latter species (a taxon) and the type-species of the genus (a name) are considered to correspond to the same biological taxon but have different, although valid, names. Recent re-examination of type-specimens have confirmed this interpretation.
In 1991, the Tasmanian fossil taxon B. kingii was placed in this series.
E. oplina is commensal. Its host taxon is a sea cucumber: Bathyplotes bongraini.
Note: dagger symbols, "†", have been used to indicate a listed taxon is extinct.
The taxon was first published in the Edinburgh Journal of Botany in 2001.
The Anhangueridae was found to be sister taxon to the large crested Tropeognathus.
The genus is often recovered as the sister taxon of this family though.
The first description of the taxon was published in 1865 by Wilhelm Peters.
Jörger et al. (2010) have moved this taxon (named as Anaspidea) to Euopisthobranchia.
E. laetmogonensis is commensal; it's host taxon is the sea cucumber, Laetmogone violacea.
Gibberula jeanae is found in South Africa.WoRMS taxon details Retrieved 2012-02-07.
This taxon is regarded a junior synonym of Buccochromis nototaenia by the IUCN.
Classification of members of this taxon is infrequently based on their antigenic properties.
The Taxonomicon. Taxon: Family Pratylenchidae. Online. November 10-, 2007. Pratylenchinae are plant parasites.
Proa was found in the most derived position as sister taxon to Batyrosaurus.
Part II. Journal of Conchology 8: 273–315 This is a taxon inquirendum.
Taxon 62: 746-770. Its closest relative is the Australian Niemeyera.Swenson, U., S. Nylinder, and J. Munzinger. (2013) Towards a Natural Classification of Sapotaceae Subfamily Chrysophylloideae in Oceania and Southeast Asia Based on Nuclear Sequence Data.” Taxon 62 (4): 746–70.
Nils Hjalmar Odhner established this taxon as a family in 1937, when he created the families Microhedylidae and Acochlidiidae. In 1939, he treated this taxon as an order.Odhner N. H. (1939). "Opisthobranchiate Mollusca from the western and northern coasts of Norway".
To address this problem, the traditional order Artiodactyla and infraorder Cetacea are sometimes subsumed into the more inclusive Cetartiodactyla taxon. An alternative approach is to include both land-dwelling even-toed ungulates and ocean-dwelling cetaceans in a revised Artiodactyla taxon.
In biogeography, a taxon is said to have a cosmopolitan distribution if its range extends across all or most of the world in appropriate habitats. Such a taxon is said to exhibit cosmopolitanism or cosmopolitism. The extreme opposite is endemism.
In this analysis, they found Tethydraco to be the sister taxon of the two species of Pteranodon (P. longiceps and P. sternbergi); all three of them forming the family Pteranodontidae, which is found as the sister taxon of the family Nyctosauridae.
Taxonomicon Taxon: Order Vampyromorpha Grimpe, 1917WoRMS taxon details Stauroteuthidae Grimpe, 1916Cephalopoda Lifedesks Chtenopterygidae Grimpe, 1922 In 1933 Grimpe signed the Vow of allegiance of the Professors of the German Universities and High-Schools to Adolf Hitler and the National Socialistic State.
2005), and here they named the same taxon Galvesaurus herreroi(a difference of one letter). A Camarasaurus-like taxon is represented only by teeth from the El Castellar Formation. These teeth bear a strong resemblance to the teeth of Camarasaurus than the teeth of any other sauropod. However, their younger age (Hauterivian- Barremian) makes them substantially younger than Camarasaurus, and hence likely to belong to a separate taxon.
In biogeography and paleontology, a relict is a population or taxon of organisms that was more widespread or more diverse in the past. A relictual population is a population that currently occurs in a restricted area, but whose original range was far wider during a previous geologic epoch. Similarly, a relictual taxon is a taxon (e.g. species or other lineage) that is the sole surviving representative of a formerly diverse group.
Choaspes xanthopogon,Markku Savela's website on Lepidoptera - page on genus Choaspes.TOL web page on genus Choaspes the similar awlking,The common name Similar Awlking is that of taxon similis (vide Evans (1932)) which is not recognised as a valid species by Savela and by TOLWeb (ref its page on genus Choaspes). Taxon similis is now considered to be a synonym of taxon xanthopogon. is a butterfly belonging to the family Hesperiidae.
Typification of names in Zamia L. and Aulacophyllum Regel (Zamiaceae). Taxon 35(3): 135.
The subtaxa or subtribes are: Aelurodontina, Borophagina, and Cynarctina. Phlaocyonini is a sister taxon.
Retrieved on 2009-08-16.Fauna Europaea : Taxon Details. Retrieved on 2009-08-16.
Given this uncertainty, some authors have suggested that the Saigini taxon should be abandoned.
Of the Annelida this taxon appears to be most closely related to the Clitellata.
Others consider them a sister group of vertebrates in the common taxon of Craniata.
The Pelodryadinae are a subfamily of frogs. The classification of this taxon is disputed.
The Origin of Adaptations by Verne Grant. Taxon. Vol. 14, No. 6. p. 202.
Since 2012 the IUCN has treated this taxon as a subspecies of Crithagra striolata.
Australopoda is a taxon within Anomura. This monophyletic group comprises Lomisoidea, Aegloidea and Chirostyloidea.
By contrast, a Lazarus taxon is one that really is a descendant of the original taxon, and highlights transitional fossil records, which might be found later. A zombie taxon has been considered a Lazarus taxon because it has been collected from younger strata, but it later turns out to be a fossil that was freed from the original seam and was refossilized in a sediment of a younger age. An example is a trilobite that gets eroded out of its Cambrian-aged limestone matrix and reworked into Miocene-aged siltstone.Archer, Michael, Suzanne J. Hand, and Henk Godthelp.
A taxon named the highland darter used to be considered a separate species, Sympetrum nigrescens. It is found in Ireland, Scotland and Norway. It may be the same taxon as the island darter, formally S. nigrifemur, both being a subspecies of S. striolatum.
Technically, in such a case Herrich-Schäffer's younger taxon should be displaced by Stainton's. But since the latter was synonymized with Haworth's taxon before they were all moved to Oegoconia, Herrich-Schäffer's name is not a junior homonym and can be used.
Even so, the reconstructed anatomy leads some researchers to conclude that Taemasosteus is close to the ancestry of Homostiidae. These researchers place Taemasosteus as the sister taxon of Homostiidae (or a select group of the better known homostiid genera) within the taxon Migmatocephala.
In biology, a monotypic taxon is a taxonomic group (taxon) that contains only one immediately subordinate taxon.Mayr E, Ashlock PD. (1991). Principles of Systematic Zoology (2nd ed.). McGraw-Hill. A monotypic species is one that does not include subspecies or smaller, infraspecific taxa.
Parvilucifera is a genus of marine alveolates that parasitise dinoflagellates. Parvilucifera is a parasitic genus described in 1999 by Norén et al. It is classified perkinsozoa in the supraphylum of Alveolates. This taxon serves as a sister taxon to the dinoflagellates and apicomplexans.
There are no rules for how many species should make a genus, a family, or any other higher taxon (that is, a taxon in a category above the species level).Stuessy, T.F. (2009). Plant Taxonomy: The Systematic Evaluation of Comparative Data. 2nd ed.
They placed Pterodactylus outside Euctenochasmatia, as the sister taxon of the more inclusive group Lophocratia.
Southwest Colorado Wildflowers.Tetraneuris acaulis. CalFlora taxon report, University of CaliforniaTetraneuris acaulis. Flora of North America.
Dycheiidae is a wastebasket taxon containing problematic polyplacophora from Upper Cambrian strata in the USA.
Stereomyrmex is probably the sister taxon to Romblonella. Closely related genera are Leptothorax and Cardiocondyla.
"Genus taxon summary for Stenomelania". AnimalBase, last modified 26 May 2013, accessed 13 January 2016.
Gastropods that were placed in this taxon have bifurcate tentacle nerves and two pedal commissures.
It was previously considered a wastebasket taxon, with many other remains assigned to the genus.
The taxon has been assessed as being of least concern for the IUCN Red List.
Taxon, 32(1): 79-87.Smith, J.E. 1819. Dipodium. In Rees's Cyclopædia, Vol. 39 (Add.
The Phacopinae likely have evolved from the Pterygometopidae, and the presumed sister taxon is Podowrinella.
"Chlorogaster dipterocarpi – A new peristomate gasteroid taxon of the Sclerodermataceae". Persoonia 18 (3): 421–28.
Llistrofus is recovered as the sister taxon to Hapsidopareion in phylogenetic analyses, producing the Hapsidopareiidae.
This taxon again comprises a single cone; it has spines and processes along both margins.
This taxon has been considered a subspecies of S. bicolor, the black-and-white mannikin.
In biological classification, a species inquirenda is a species of doubtful identity requiring further investigation. The use of the term in English- language biological literature dates back to at least the early nineteenth century. The term taxon inquirendum is broader in meaning and refers to an incompletely defined taxon of which the taxonomic validity is uncertain or disputed by different experts or is impossible to identify the taxon. Further characterization is required.
Subsequent analyses have consistently recovered Argentoconodon as the sister taxon of Volaticotherium, with Ichthyoconodon as the sister taxon of that clade and thus the basalmost volaticotherin. The North American genus Jugulator may be the sister taxon of Volaticotherini. These were moved to the eutriconodont family Triconodontidae, as part of the alticonodontine assemblage, and the clade was renamed Volaticotherini accordingly. However, other sources consider the clade to be a separate family from Triconodontidae, as Volaticotheridae.
In paleontology, researchers D.H. Erwin and M.L. Droser in a 1993 paper derived from the Elvis impersonators the term Elvis taxon (plural Elvis taxa), which denotes a taxon that has been misidentified as having re-emerged in the fossil record after a period of presumed extinction, but is not actually a descendant of the original taxon, instead having developed a similar morphology through convergent evolution.Erwin, D.H. and Droser, M.L., 1993. Elvis taxa. Palaios, v.
An interval zone is defined as the body of strata between two biohorizons, which are arbitrarily chosen. For example, a highest-occurrence zone is a biozone with the upper boundary being the appearance of one taxon, and the lower boundary the appearance of another taxon.
The status of this taxon is controversial as it is similar in morphology to N. mikei and N. tobaica. It has even been suggested that the taxon might represent a natural hybrid between N. densiflora and N. tobaica.Schlauer, J. Nepenthes angasanensis. Carnivorous Plant Database.
Eocarcinoidea is a taxon of fossil decapod crustaceans. Formerly thought to be the earliest true crabs, they are now thought to be the oldest members of the Anomura. Two species are included, each in its own family-taxon: Eocarcinus praecursor (Eocarcinidae) and Platykotta akaina (Platykottidae).
In the phylogenetic analysis performed by Jiang et al. 2016, Sclerocormus was found to be a basal ichthyosaurform and as a sister taxon to Cartorhynchus. Jiang et al. erected the new clade Nasorostra ('nose beak') for these two taxa, itself a sister taxon to Ichthyopterygia.
There are no known cultivars of this taxon, nor is it known to be in commerce.
Schmid, R. 2009. Reviews and Notices of Publications. Taxon 58(3): 1029–1045.Ellison, A.M. 2010.
In addition, Eotyrannus is recovered as a sister taxon of these genera in the parsimonious phylogeny.
In addition, Eotyrannus is recovered as a sister taxon of these genera in the parsimonious phylogeny.
There are no known cultivars of this taxon, nor is it known to be in commerce.
Aratasaurus was placed in the Coelurosauria in a basal position, as the sister taxon of Zuolong.
Alternatively, with Phileosimias and Amphipithecidae placed outside of an Eosimiidae sensu stricto taxon would restore monophyly.
There are no known cultivars of this taxon, nor is it known to be in commerce.
Phylogenetic analysis suggests that Lactifluus volemus represents several species or subspecies, rather than a single taxon.
Until recently, this taxon used to be considered a tribe (called Aphnaeini) within the subfamily Theclinae.
Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species on 2016-01-11. This is a taxon inquirendum.
"Molecular phylogeny of Planchonella (Sapotaceae) and eight new species from New Caledonia."Taxon (2007): 329-354.
"Molecular phylogeny of Planchonella (Sapotaceae) and eight new species from New Caledonia."Taxon (2007): 329-354.
"Molecular phylogeny of Planchonella (Sapotaceae) and eight new species from New Caledonia."Taxon (2007): 329-354.
"Molecular phylogeny of Planchonella (Sapotaceae) and eight new species from New Caledonia."Taxon (2007): 329-354.
"Molecular phylogeny of Planchonella (Sapotaceae) and eight new species from New Caledonia."Taxon (2007): 329-354.
"Molecular phylogeny of Planchonella (Sapotaceae) and eight new species from New Caledonia."Taxon (2007): 329-354.
"Molecular phylogeny of Planchonella (Sapotaceae) and eight new species from New Caledonia."Taxon (2007): 329-354.
"Molecular phylogeny of Planchonella (Sapotaceae) and eight new species from New Caledonia."Taxon (2007): 329-354.
Paclt, J. (1982). Gleditsia caspia, Not a Distinct Species (Leguminosae). Taxon 31 (2): 336-339 Abstract.
Schefflera polyclada is a plant species found in Papua New Guinea. It is an extant taxon.
The ecology of this taxon is unknown, but it is presumed to be an aquatic species.
Zhao (1995) raised this taxon back up to the level of a full species: T. yunnanensis.
There are no known cultivars of this taxon, nor is it known to be in commerce.
Basal relationships in Polyscias subgenus Tetraplasandra remain obscure because of insufficient taxon sampling in phylogenetic studies.
Each taxon represents a new sample for every character, but, more importantly, it (usually) represents a new combination of character states. These character states can not only determine where that taxon is placed on the tree, they can inform the entire analysis, possibly causing different relationships among the remaining taxa to be favored by changing estimates of the pattern of character changes. The most disturbing weakness of parsimony analysis, that of long-branch attraction (see below) is particularly pronounced with poor taxon sampling, especially in the four-taxon case. This is a well-understood case in which additional character sampling may not improve the quality of the estimate.
A concurrent-range zone uses the overlapping range of two taxa, with the lowest boundary defined by the appearance of one taxon and the highest boundary defined by the disappearance of the other taxon. Concurrent-range zones are named after both of the taxa in it.
However, Zimicz & Goin (2020) claimed that the anatomy of the teeth of Groeberia supports the metatherian affinities of this taxon. The phylogenetic analysis conducted by these authors recovered Groeberia as the sister taxon of Vombatiformes within Diprotodontia, though the authors cautioned that these results are preliminary.
In botany, an infraspecific name is the scientific name for any taxon below the rank of species, i.e. an infraspecific taxon. (A "taxon", plural "taxa", is a group of organisms to be given a particular name.) The scientific names of botanical taxa are regulated by the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN). This specifies a 'three part name' for infraspecific taxa, plus a 'connecting term' to indicate the rank of the name.
In zoological nomenclature, the valid name of a taxon is the sole correct scientific name. The valid name should be used for that taxon, instead of any other name that may currently be being used, or may previously have been used. A name name is valid when, and only when, it is in harmony with all the relevant rules listed in the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN). A valid name is the correct zoological name of a taxon.
Among other things, it demonstrates that at least this taxon had short lifespans lasting around a month.
Botanical Survey of India, Calcutta.Marhold, K. (ed.) (2012). IAPT/IOPB chromosome data 14. Taxon 61: 1336-1345.
A taxon once described as E. pilularis var. pyriformis has been reclassified as the species E. pyrocarpa.
Contributions from the Cushman Foundation for Foraminiferal Research, 24: 42-44 The type taxon is Globigerinelloides algeriana.
Report of the Committee for Spermatophyta: 53. Taxon, Vol. 51, No. 4 (Nov., 2002), pp. 795–799.
A molecular phylogenetic analysis has merged the old genus Cyclodina with Oligosoma, rendering Cyclodina an obsolete taxon.
The Ranales are an obsolete taxon of the Dicotyledons, with rank of order typified by Ranunculus (Ranunculaceae).
Taylor, Peter. (1963). New taxa and combinations in West African Lentibulariaceae and Gentianaceae. Taxon, 12: 293-294.
In geology, range offset is the time difference between the last fossil occurrence of a taxon and the actual disappearance of this taxon. Range offset can be used as a measure of biostratigraphic precision and determines among others how much information about extinctions can be derived from fossil occurrences.
The inflorescences have an airy appearance as in taxon 1. #Henrici taxon. This has large flowers 8 - 18mm in diameter, a major difference with the other two taxa. The bright pink sepals and ovaries get progressively deeper in colour as they age and remain claret-coloured through autumn.
Guanlong (冠龍) is a genus of extinct proceratosaurid tyrannosauroid from the Late Jurassic of China. The taxon was first described in 2006 by Xu Xing et al., who found it to represent a new taxon related to Tyrannosaurus. The name is derived from Chinese, translating as "crown dragon".
The representation of taxonomic information in machine-encodable form raises a number of issues not encountered in other domains, such as variant ways to cite the same species or other taxon name, the same name used for multiple taxa (homonyms), multiple non-current names for the same taxon (synonyms), changes in name and taxon concept definition through time, and more. One forum that has promoted discussion and possible solutions to these and related problems since 1985 is the Taxonomic Database Working Group.
"Clemmys guangxiensis" is a composite taxon described from specimens of Mauremys mutica and the natural hybrid "Mauremys" × iversoni.
Taxon 51(1): 103–114. The APG III and APG IV systems continue to include Tacca in Dioscoreaceae.
Later authors Yen (1943), Liu (1991) and Lu et al (2014) considered this taxon as a separate species.
Recent authors do not recognise this taxon. Paeonia sterniana is sometimes regarded as a subspecies of P. emodi.
"Phylogeny and evolution of grammitid ferns (Grammitidaceae): a case of rampant morphological homoplasy". Taxon 53(2):415-428.
Bironella appears to be the sister taxon to the Anopheles, with Chagasia forming the outgroup in this subfamily.
Octopus sasakii is a species of octopus found only in salt water. This species is a taxon inquirendum.
The fossil taxon Priapulites is the earliest-known crown-group priapulid, and is closely related to the Priapulidae.
Rauschert, Stephan. 1982. Taxon 31(3): 557. Lhotzkyella contains only one known species, Lhotzkyella lhotzkyana , endemic to Brazil.
These viruses may form a new taxon when in the next revision of the taxonomy by the ICTV.
Hohmann, S., Kadereit, J.w., & Kadereit, G. (2006). "Understanding Mediterranean- Californian disjunctions: molecular evidence". Taxon 55 (1): 67–78.
Acontiinae is a subfamily of the moth family Noctuidae. The taxon was erected by Achille Guenée in 1841.
Their result also placed the recently discovered stem-tetrapod Aytonerpeton within Adelospondyli as the sister taxon to Acherontiscus.
The genus is sometimes recovered as the sister taxon to the last common ancestor of both larger groups.
Laferrière, Joseph E. 1995. Proposal to reject the name Chrysodendron tinctorium (Berberidaceae). Taxon 44:634.Terán & Berlandier. 1832.
The synapomorphy of the taxon Ecbathyriontidae – Dirivultidae is the presence of a double segment in the female antennule.
One basic principle of zoological nomenclature is that the earliest correctly published (and thus available) name, the senior synonym, by default takes precedence in naming rights and therefore, unless other restrictions interfere, must be used for the taxon. However, junior synonyms are still important to document, because if the earliest name cannot be used (for example, because the same spelling had previously been used for a name established for another taxon), then the next available junior synonym must be used for the taxon. For other purposes, if a researcher is interested in consulting or compiling all currently known information regarding a taxon, some of this (including species descriptions, distribution, ecology and more) may well have been published under names now regarded as outdated (i.e., synonyms) and so it is again useful to know a list of historic synonyms which may have been used for a given current (valid) taxon name.
In 1970 Robinson and King stressed the need for diagnostic character analysis in his classic article entitled The new synantherology (Taxon 19: 6-11). In 1986 he gave a critical but constructive opinion on cladistics in the article. "A key to the common errors of cladistics". (Taxon. 35: 309-311).
Retrieved 2020-03-21. Concurrent range biozone, Interval biozone, Lineage biozone, Assemblage biozone, and Abundance biozone. The Taxon range biozone represents the known stratigraphic and geographic range of occurrence of a single taxon. Concurrent range biozone includes the concurrent, coincident, or overlapping part of the range of two specified taxa.
Labyrinthus umbrus is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Pleurodontidae. This taxon was described as Labyrinthus umbrus by Fred Gilbert Thompson from Rancho Grande, Aragua in Venezuela in 1957. Alan Solem considered this taxon as a subspecies Labyrinthus leucodon umbrus in 1966.
Saccate is a term used in botany to describe plant parts that are shaped like a pouch or sack. Sometimes, when all members of a taxon share a property of having some part being saccate, this is referred to in the name of the taxon, such as the algae family Phaeosaccionaceae.
Aegyptosuchus (A) compared with Aegisuchus Aegyptosuchus ("Egyptian crocodile") is an extinct genus of aegyptosuchid eusuchian crocodyliform. This taxon was coined by Kuhn (1936) as a monotypic family-level taxon redundant with the Cretaceous genus Aegyptosuchus. Carroll (1988) classified the genus in the family Stomatosuchidae. Only one species is descript, Aegyptosuchus peyeri.
The few overlapping elements with Euromycter suggested that it belongs to a different taxon named Ruthenosaurus russellorum in 2011.
Cyrtonellida is a group of "monoplacophora", representing either a sister taxon to, or a polyphyletic assemblage including, the Trybliida.
All that can be said about this taxon is that it was a modern bird, most likely a neognath.
Vermes ("worms") is an obsolete taxon used by Carl Linnaeus and Jean-Baptiste Lamarck for non-arthropod invertebrate animals.
13: 273. 1988.Bohs, L. 1995. Transfer of Cyphomandra (Solanaceae) and its species to Solanum. Taxon 44: 583-587.
It is one of the 87 species of Pseudophilautus and its sister taxon is thought to be Pseudophilautus hankeni.
The IBA is notable for supporting the sooty babbler (Stachyris herberti) and a taxon of François' langur (Trachypithecus francoisi).
Sub-taxa within any given Taxon are arranged alphabetically as a general rule. Synonyms may be listed where useful.
In the alternative classification system proposed by Cavalier-Smith, this taxon is instead a class in the Sphingobacteria phylum.
The specific name alludes to the Mount Verbljushka, which is the locality where the new taxon was first discovered.
Amanita vernicoccora is a closely related taxon which was previously referred to as the "spring form" of Amamita calyptroderma.
Sub- taxa within any given taxon are arranged alphabetically as a general rule. Synonyms may be listed where useful.
Lysvaella is a fossil taxon that has been interpreted both as a stem-group corallinaceaen and a vascular plant.
Bequaert was formerly commemorated in the taxon Bequaertiodendron magalismontanum (Sond.) Heine & J.H.Hemsl. now known as Englerophytum magalismontanum (Sond.) T.D.Penn.
These fossils were referred under the assumption that but a single tyrannosauroid taxon is present in the Bissekty Formation.
Sub-taxa within any given taxon are arranged alphabetically as a general rule. Synonyms may be listed where useful.
The takahe of New Zealand had not been seen since 1898 when it was 'rediscovered' in 1948. In paleontology, a Lazarus taxon (plural taxa) is a taxon that disappears for one or more periods from the fossil record, only to appear again later. Likewise in conservation biology and ecology, it can refer to species or populations that were thought to be extinct, and are rediscovered. The term Lazarus taxon was coined by Karl W. Flessa & David Jablonski in 1983 and was then expanded by Jablonski in 1986.
The MacrostomidaMeixner, J. 1924. Über das Ovarium von Microstomum lineare (Müll.) und die Abscheidungsfolge des Schalen- und Dottermaterials bei rhabdocoelen Turbellarien. Zool. Anz. 58:195-213. are a taxon of small basal free-living flatworms (Turbellaria, Platyhelminthes), which inhabit freshwater, brackish, and marine environments. The taxon name was coined by Josef Meixner (1924).
Recent Advances in the Origin and Early Radiation of Vertebrates. Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, 2004. The only species in the taxon, Ianthodon schultzei, was found by separating it from a block that also contained the remains of Petrolacosaurus and Haptodus. The evolutionary significance of the taxon wasn't realized until a publication in 2015.
Raoultella planticola (Klebsiella planticola). Uniprot.org. Retrieved on 2011-10-21.Raoultella planticola Taxon Passport. StrainInfo. Retrieved on 2011-10-21.
Jonsell, p. 17.Uggla, Arvid H. 1953. The Preparation of the Species Plantarum. Taxon 2(3): 60-62. p.60.
Slimaki pomrowioksztaltne (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora). Fauna Poloniae 12, Polska Akademia Nauk, Warszawa, 208 pp., page 136."Genus taxon summary for Boettgerilla".
There are no known cultivars of this taxon, nor is it known to be in commerce beyond the United States.
The infraorder Vermileonomorpha is often included within the Tabanomorpha, though the most recent classifications place them as its sister taxon.
Taxon 55(3), 705-731 (pdf here) a position maintained in the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I).
Due to the distinctiveness and isolation of this taxon, it is sometimes considered to be a separate species: Dichanthelium thermale.
Phrynoidis was included in Bufo until 2006. Their sister taxon is the genus Rentapia (formerly part of then polyphyletic Pedostibes).
John Hamel Elgood (1909-1998) was British ornithologist. He was the founder of Nigerian Ornithologists' Society. Taxon authored: Malimbus ibadanensis.
William Harry Evans had considered this taxon as a subspecies of plateni and given its status in India as rare.
This taxon used to be considered a subgenus of Argynnis, but has been reestablished as a separate genus in 2017.
The sister taxon of Paramesotriton is Laotriton. The genus may be divided into two species groups (subgenera), Paramesotriton and Allomesotriton.
These organelles are referred to as glycosomes, and is a characteristic feature also shared with their sister taxon, the kinetoplastids.
This taxon has a double wall, resembling a pair of stacked cones; it may represent a taphomorph of C. vernicosum.
Osteology of the Reptiles. University of Chicago Press:Chicago 1-772. As a tooth taxon, however, such usage has been discouraged.
Salmacina is a genus of marine polychaete worms in the family Sabellidae. The type taxon is Salmacina incrustans Claparède, 1870.
In the analysis, they recovered Gegepterus within the family Ctenochasmatidae, more precisely within the tribe Pterodaustrini, sister taxon to Beipiaopterus.
Therefore it can be concluded that recolonization by conspecifics is an important mechanism, enabling some species to persist on islands. This is particularly true in species that represent early stages in insular taxon cycles and are characterized by species-area curves of shallow slope.Ricklefs RE, Cox GW. 1972. Taxon cycles in the West Indian avifauna.
The English name invented by Frank and Ramus is thus a simple transliteration. In 2004 O'Neill and Mendelson moved this species from Bufo to Incilius, and while doing so split the taxon into two species, a western I. aucoinae and the nominate taxon. Earlier publications use Bufo melanochlorus. In 2006 Darrel Frost et al.
Systema Naturae 2000 Taxon: Subkingdom Eumetazoa — retrieved February 2, 2006 When treated as a formal taxon Eumetazoa is typically ranked as a subkingdom. The name Metazoa has also been used to refer to this group, but more often refers to the Animalia as a whole. Many classification schemes do not include a subkingdom Eumetazoa.
In biological nomenclature, the Principle of Typification is one of the guiding principles. Division I:Principles, and Division II:Chapter II The International Code of Zoological Nomenclature provides that any named taxon in the family group, genus group, or species group have a name-bearing type which allows the name of the taxon to be objectively applied. The type does not define the taxon: that is done by a taxonomist; and an indefinite number of competing definitions can exist side by side. Rather, a type is a point of reference.
The name Prosorrhyncha is a name (proposed by Sorensen et al. 1995) for a suborder of Hemiptera, comprising a grouping of the traditional taxon "Heteroptera" plus its sister taxon, the family Peloridiidae (often classified as a suborder itself). There is no agreement on the status of this taxon, as there are two competing classifications regarding this branch of the Hemiptera; while some hemipterists follow this classification (link below), it has by no means been accepted universally. See the Heteroptera article for the detailed discussion, and a comparison of the two taxoboxes.
The term invertebrates is not always precise among non-biologists since it does not accurately describe a taxon in the same way that Arthropoda, Vertebrata or Manidae do. Each of these terms describes a valid taxon, phylum, subphylum or family. "Invertebrata" is a term of convenience, not a taxon; it has very little circumscriptional significance except within the Chordata. The Vertebrata as a subphylum comprises such a small proportion of the Metazoa that to speak of the kingdom Animalia in terms of "Vertebrata" and "Invertebrata" has limited practicality.
This taxon is a nomen illegitimum and is now considered synonymous with N. northiana.Schlauer, J. N.d. Nepenthes northiana. Carnivorous Plant Database.
The two groups of viruses in the family are not in fact phylogenetically related suggesting that this taxon may need revision.
Philbertia alba is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Raphitomidae. This is a taxon inquirendum.
Philbertia alfredensis is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Raphitomidae. This is a taxon inquirendum.
Raphitoma tomentosa is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Raphitomidae. This is a taxon inquirendum.
Annularia is a form taxon, applied to fossil foliage belonging to extinct plants of the genus Calamites in the order Equisetales.
Three of these subclades occur only in Bilateria (all but Cnidops). However, the bilaterian clades constitute a parphyletic taxon without Cnidops.
Taxon 55(3):705-731. And some of the gymnosperm families have been revised.James E. Eckenwalder. 2009. Conifers of the World.
Electronic Supplement: pages E1-E44. To: Cantino et alii. 2007. "Towards a phylogenetic nomenclature of Tracheophyta". Taxon 56(3):822-846.
Gymnarrhena micrantha is now considered the sister taxon of Cavea tanguensis, who together constitute the tribe Gymnarrheneae and the subfamily Gymnarrhenoideae.
This taxon, S. o. bocourtii, is found in the state of California, from Sonoma County south to Santa Barbara County.Hogan, 2008.
A full name, rather than an abbreviation, may also make it easier to locate the original publication for the taxon name.
The oligo-miocene fossil shark tooth taxon Isurus retroflexus may be the ancestor to or even conspecific with the Longfin Mako.
Some palaeoanthropologists have gone as far as to declare that there is little reason to consider H. gautengensis a valid taxon.
Eopriapulites is an early taxon in the priapulid total group, known from orsten-type material at the Kuanchuanpu Formation of China.
Taxon 62: 1304-1307.Morokawa, R. & al. (2013). Apocynaceae s. str. do Parque Nacional da Serra da Canastra, Minas Gerais, Brasil.
Today most evidence indicates that Scelidosaurus is the sister taxon to the two main clades of Thyreophora, the Stegosauria and Ankylosauria.
Amerila lucida is a nomen nudum moth taxon of the subfamily Arctiinae. It was described from Africa by Muller in 1980.
Amerila myrrha is a nomen nudum moth taxon of the subfamily Arctiinae. It was described from Africa by Muller in 1980.
Benson (2010) found it to be a piatnitzkysaurid megalosauroid and the sister taxon of Piatnitzkysaurus, a finding supported by later studies.
First described by Pierfelice Ravenna in 1971, and formally named by Dudley and Williams in 1984T.R.Dudley & M.Williams, Taxon 33: 271 (1984).
Further dogged defense of paraphyletic taxa. Taxon 52(4), 803-04.Nelson, G., et al. (2003). Brummitt on paraphyly: a response.
The Scolecocampinae are a subfamily of moths in the family Erebidae. The taxon was erected by Augustus Radcliffe Grote in 1883.
Witton et al. (2009) re-examined the type specimen and realized that P. clifti is not an ornithocheirid, referring it to Lonchodectidae based on similarities to humeri assigned to Lonchodectes by Hooley (1914). Averianov (2012, 2014) referred the taxon to Azhdarchoidea indeterminate in his re-assessment of Ornithostoma.Averianov AO. (2012) Ornithostoma sedgwicki--valid taxon of azhdarchoid pterosaurs.
In 2015 de Vivo & Carmignotto reduced this taxon to a subspecies of Hadrosciurus igniventris. The taxon was first described as a species in 1904 by Michael Rogers Oldfield Thomas. In 1914 Joel Asaph Allen designated it as the type species for his new monotypic genus Hadrosciurus. In 1927 Oldfield Thomas subsumed Hadrosciurus to a subgenus of Sciurus.
Pantotheria is an abandoned taxon of Mesozoic mammals. This group is now considered an informal "wastebasket" taxon and has been replaced by Dryolestida as well as other groups. It is sometimes treated as an infraclass and older books refer to it as being related to symmetrodonts. One classification makes it an infraclass with a single order, Eupantotheria.
The thumbless bat belongs to the family Furipteridae (Mammalia: Chiroptera) which is currently composed of only two genera: Amorphochilus and Furipterus. Both genera are monotypic. The first description of the species was proposed by Frédéric Cuvier in 1828, separating the taxon to a new genus Furia. The taxon was reassigned to Furipterus in 1839 by Charles Bonaparte.
The Empidoidea are a large monophyletic superfamily of true flies, the sister taxon to the Muscomorpha (Cyclorrhapha). These two groups are sometimes united in the unranked taxon Eremoneura. There are some 10,000 known species within Empidoidea,Moulton & Wiegmann (2007) which are represented on all continents except Antarctica. They are known to have existed since the Jurassic period.
Crystallins are separated into two classes: taxon- specific and ubiquitous. The former class is also called phylogenetically- restricted crystallins. The latter class constitutes the major proteins of vertebrate eye lens and maintains the transparency and refractive index of the lens. This gene encodes a taxon-specific crystallin protein that binds NADPH and has sequence similarity to bacterial ornithine cyclodeaminases.
Another more inclusive taxon, Elyurosauria ("lizard with coiled tails"), was erected, in order to include all the drepanosaurs with coiled tails, Vallesaurus is thus more derived than Hypuronector (as clearly shown by its morphology). Drepanosaurus and Megalancosaurus are also in a new taxon named Megalancosaurinae. The alternative cladogram presented in Renesto et al. (2010). Renesto et al.
Among the drepanosauromorphs it was defined a more inclusive taxon, Elyurosauria ("lizard with coiled tails"), in order to include all the drepanosaurs with coiled tails, Vallesaurus is thus more derived than Hypuronector (as clearly shown by its morphology). Drepanosaurus and Megalancosaurus are also in a new taxon named Megalancosaurinae. The alternative cladogram as presented in Renesto et al. (2010).
Ichibengops is the sister taxon of the Russian therocephalian Chthonosaurus; together they form one of several known African-Russian sister taxon pairs of eutherocephalians, which indicate that eutherocephalians could freely disperse across most of Pangea during the Late Permian. Like the fellow therocephalian Euchambersia, Ichibengops might have been venomous, as evidenced by grooves above its teeth.
Taxon cycles refer to a biogeographical theory of how species evolve through range expansions and contractions over time associated with adaptive shifts in the ecology and morphology of species. The taxon cycle concept was explicitly formulated by biologist E. O. Wilson in 1961 after he surveyed the distributions, habitats, behavior and morphology of ant species in the Melanesian archipelago.
Seymouriamorphs are small- to medium- sized (0.5 to 1.5 meters), reptiliomorphs. These animals have a generalized early amphibian body plan with a large “u”-shaped head and a sprawling lizard-like posture. The taxon Seymouria sanjuanensis is the only seymouriamorph found in the Organ Rock Formation. Seymouria sanjuanensis is a unique taxon because of its extensive geographic range.
The initial description of a taxon involves five main requirements: # The taxon must be given a name based on the 26 letters of the Latin alphabet (a binomial for new species, or uninomial for other ranks). # The name must be unique (i.e. not a homonym). # The description must be based on at least one name- bearing type specimen.
Upper side of skull A 2002 phylogenetic analysis found that the genera Pseudopalatus, Mystriosuchus, Redondasaurus and Nicrosaurus are all under the clade Pseudopalatinae. Though, the analysis only contained one non-pseudopalatine phytosaur taxon. If Mystriosuchus and Ebrachosuchus neukami were to be sister taxa, the tree length would be 119. Nicrosaurus is considered the most basal taxon of the clade.
Three of these subclades occur only in Bilateria (all but Cnidops). However, the bilaterian clades constitute a parphyletic taxon without the Cnidops.
Malacostracans are sometimes contrasted with entomostracans, a name applied to all crustaceans outside the Malacostraca, and named after the obsolete taxon Entomostraca.
Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology, 1-10. This implies that the time range of this taxon extended for 1200 million years.
Jønsson, K.A. et al. (2014) Evidence of taxon cycles in an Indo-Pacific passerine bird radiation (Aves: Pachycephala). Proc. R. Soc. B.
The specific name, hayet, is from Arabic (حياة). The species was named after the mother of the first author of the taxon.
It is threatened by habitat loss. The species was first discovered in 1905 and rediscovered in 1995, making it a Lazarus taxon.
Architectibranchia was not used in the taxonomy by Bouchet & Rocroi (2005) and this taxon name has been listed as an available name.
The Lithosiini are a tribe of lichen moths in the family Erebidae. The taxon was described by Gustaf Johan Billberg in 1820.
Fukuda, I. 1967. The biosystematics of Achlys. Taxon 16: 308-316Fukuda, I. and H.G. Baker. 1970. Achlys californica (Berberidaceae), a new species.
Bonifacino, Mauricio & Sancho, Gisela. 2004. Taxon 53(3): 675–678, figures 1–3, 4 [map.]Urbatsch, Lowell Edward & Roberts, Roland P. 2004.
"Huerteales sister to Brassicales plus Malvales, and newly circumscribed to include Dipentodon, Gerrardina, Huertea, Perrottetia, and Tapiscia". Taxon 58(2):468-478.
The Candelariales are an order of fungi in the class Lecanoromycetes. It is a monotypic taxon, and contains the single family Candelariaceae.
The Lithosiina are a subtribe of lichen moths in the family Erebidae. The taxon was erected by Gustaf Johan Billberg in 1820.
Austin, D.F. & Z. Huamán. 1996. A synopsis of Ipomoea (Convolvulaceae) in the Americas. Taxon 45(1): 3–38.McDonald, J. A. 1987.
American Fisheries Society Special Publication, 26. American Fisheries Society: Bethesda, MD (USA). . IX, 526 + cd-rom pp. This is a taxon inquirendum.
The phylogenetic analysis in the description recovered Keresdrakon as a tapejaromorph azhdarchoid, as the sister taxon to the rest of the clade.
However, the fragmentary nature of the material and the absence of any additional recovered material has limited the study of this taxon.
The new genus Purpureocillium was created to hold the taxon. The generic name refers to the purple conidia produced by the fungus.
In 2007, Upchurch and colleagues published a comprehensive description of the dentary and the teeth and declared Chinshakiangosaurus as a valid taxon.
This taxon has been lumped with Africallagma elongatum in the past, but is now recognized as a separate species by most authorities.
'Future Tree Selections'. Western, Spring 2009, p.8. Western Nursery & Landscape Association, St Joseph, Missouri. There are no known cultivars of this taxon.
Calflora taxon report, Lilium maritimum Kellogg coast lily It grows in the California coastal prairie habitat, coniferous forests, and bogs amongst Drosera species.
Taxon 34(2): 211–228. It is a highly regarded ornamental and shade tree. In autumn, the leaves turn vivid red and orange.
Glatston also urged researchers to continue examining the species to assure that the pygmy is a distinct species from its mainland sister taxon.
Species in this taxon infect insects. Syzygy is frontal or frontolateral. The gametocysts form an epicyst (ectocyst). The epicyst may rupture or dissolve.
Large black flying squirrel (genus Aeromys) form a taxon of squirrels under the tribe Pteromyini. They are only found in South-east Asia.
Gastrolactarius is a genus of gasteroid fungi in the family Russulaceae . Although currently valid, this taxon is very likely a synonym of Lactarius.
Xiaoheiqingella is a taxon of priapulid known from the Chengjiang biota; synonymous with Yunnanpriapulus, and thought to belong to the priapulid crown group.
Within the genus, three highly supported clades may be discerned, corresponding to S. stellatus, S. iowensis, and the recently described taxon S. ingoldii.
The Nudariina are a subtribe of lichen moths in the family Erebidae. The taxon was described by Carl Julius Bernhard Börner in 1920.
The viruses in this taxon were isolated from faecal samples from insects and vertebrates by metagenomic methods. Little is known about their biology.
Obituary: Arthur Disbrowe Cotton. Transactions of the British Mycological Society 47: 141-142 & photoHubbard, C.E. (1963). Mr A.D. Cotton. Taxon 12Ainsworth, G.C. (1996).
Trichopodus cantoris is a species of gourami native to Asia. This taxon is treated as a synonym of Trichopodus trichopterus by some authorities.
The genus was described by published in Taxon 35 (1): 165 in 1986. The type species is Kubitzkia mezii (Kosterman.) Van der Werff.
Brown et al. (2013) erected a new taxon Orodrominae to differentiate those species that are more closely related to Orodromeus from those more closely related to Thescelosaurus. The validity of this new taxon is supported by the following: (a) the foramen magnum is between 20% and 30% of the width of the occipital condyle; (b) the pubis is articulated with a sacral rib; (c) there is a sharp and pronounced scapular spine; and (d) the fibular shaft is 'D'-shaped in cross-section. The new taxon Orodrominae includes the newly discovered dinosaur Albertadromeus, Zephyrosaurus, Orodromeus and Oryctodromeus.
It is relatively easy to generate three-taxon statements (3is); that is, statements of the form "A and B are more closely related to one another than to C". Once each group of three taxa has been considered, the method constructs a tree that is consistent with as many three-item statements as possible. Computer program that implement three-taxon analysis is LisBeth (for systematic and biogeographic studies). LisBeth have been freely released. A recent simulation-based study found that Three-taxon analysis yields good power and an error rate intermediate between parsimony with ordered states and parsimony with unordered states.
Isozyme banding patterns suggested that the tetraploid had arisen by hybridization between the eastern subspecies of non-serpentine woodlands and the western and serpentine taxon, followed by a duplication of the hybrid genome through polyploidy (allowing the chromosomes to pair and restoring sexual fertility). This allotetraploid was also morphologically intermediate between the two taxa, although it more closely resembled the serpentine taxon (hence its referral to var. aleuticum before Paris's work). Paris formally described the tetraploid as a new species, A. viridimontanum, in 1991, and also separated the western and serpentine taxon from A. pedatum as the species A. aleuticum.
Scincogekkonomorpha is a clade (evolutionary grouping) of lizards that includes scleroglossans and all lizards more closely related to scleroglossans than to iguanians. These "stem" scleroglossans include extinct lizards from the Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous such as Bavarisaurus, Eichstaettisaurus, Liushusaurus, and Scandensia. Scincogekkonomorpha was named in 1961 and is now occasionally used as a stem-based taxon in contrast to the node-based taxon Scleroglossa. According to phylogenies based on morphological characteristics, Scincogekkonomorpha is the sister taxon of Iguania and together they make up crown group Squamata, the smallest clade including all living snakes and lizards.
With Hungarian neuroanatomist, Mihály Lenhossék (1863–1937), the "Henneguy–Lenhossek theory" is named, which states the claim that mitotic centrioles and ciliary basal kinetosomes are fundamentally the same structure. One hundred years of centrioles: Meeting report As a taxonomist he circumscribed the apicomplexan genus Rhytidocystis,WoRMS taxon details Rhytidocystis Henneguy, 1907 and the protozoan genera Thelohania and Fabrea.WoRMS taxon details Thelohania Henneguy, 1892WoRMS taxon details Fabrea Henneguy, 1890 The genus Henneguya Thélohan, 1892 is named after him, as are the species Apherusa henneguyi Chevreux & Fage, 1925 and Ectinosoma henneguyi Labbé, 1926.Petymol Biographical Etymology of Marine Organism Names.
Biozone types. Each rectangle represents bodies of sedimentary rocks and each line a different taxon. The arrows indicate the taxon first or last appearance. In biostratigraphy, biostratigraphic units or biozones are intervals of geological strata that are defined on the basis of their characteristic fossil taxa, as opposed to a lithostratigraphic unit which is defined by the lithological properties of the surrounding rock.
In 1998, for the same taxon, Hausdorf used the name Limacoidea sensu lato. The name of this taxon, the limacoid clade, was written by Bouchet & Rocroi (2005) with quotation marks like this: "limacoid clade". Other typographical variants are used by various other authors, for example capitalizing and restricting the use of the quote marks thus: "Limacoid" clade and "Limacoid clade".
The butterfly subtribe Euptychiina (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) is a diverse group within the tribe Satyrini, occurring throughout Central and South America, in addition to a few species known from North America. Euptychiina is a predominantly lowland group, with the exception of one Asian taxon Palaeonympha opalina Butler, 1871 and the Andean genus Forsterinaria Gray, 1973. The taxon was erected by Lee Denmar Miller.
This species was named by John Hewitt (1880–1961), who was the director of the Albany Museum, South Africa. Hewitt originally described this taxon as a subspecies of Pronolagus crassicaudatus in his 1927 description. Its type locality was Grahamstown. He described this taxon based and skulls from Albany district, collected by Enid Saunders and Frank Bowker; the species is named after Saunders.
Conversely, updated character coding resulted in P. shintoni being recovered as the sister taxon to Eoscopus. Similarly, Fröbisch & Reisz (2008) recovered P. shintoni as being closer to amphibamids proper (Doleserpeton + Amphibamus) between the Carboniferous amphibamiforms Eoscopus from Kansas and Platyrhinops from Ohio. Subsequent analysis with increased taxon sampling using the same matrix by Maddin et al. (2013) recovered the same results.
In 2013, a topology by Andres & Myers placed Uktenadactylus within the family Ornithocheiridae, as the sister taxon of Coloborhynchus clavirostris, though in the analysis, Uktenadactylus was indentified as Coloborhynchus wadleighi. In 2019 however, a different topology by Jacobs et al. also recovered Uktenadactylus within the Ornithocheiridae, but as the sister taxon of several Coloborhynchus species. Topology 1: Andres & Myers (2013).
Candidodontidae is a family of notosuchian crocodyliforms. It was originally used in 2002 as a name for a clade that includes the genera Araripesuchus, Candidodon, and Malawisuchus. Later in 2004 the family was formally defined as a node-based taxon including Candidodon itapecuruense and Mariliasuchus amarali. A 2009 study redefined Candidodontidae as a stem-based taxon which included Candidodon, Malawisuchus, and possibly Mariliasuchus.
This is the first taxon to become "un-extinct", although the clone died a few minutes after birth due to physical defects in lungs.
Ferrodraco was found to have been within the subfamily Ornithocheirinae, as sister taxon to Mythunga. It is also the latest surviving member of Anhangueria.
Its main difference from the domesticated taxon is the more slender body with well- developed wings in males, and the dull greyish-brown colour.
In 2020, a specimen originally assigned to the species was found to represent the separate fuxianhuiid taxon Xiaocaris pending revision of the type specimen.
Common Turkic, or Shaz Turkic, is a taxon in some classifications of the Turkic languages that includes all of them except the Oghuric languages.
Lulu Press. 44 pp. but Mortimer (2010) pointed out that there was no published evidence that Kayentavenator is the same taxon as M. kayentakatae.
Tarimichthys is a subgenus of stone loach genus Triplophysa native to China which contains two species. Some authorities recognise Tarimichthys as a valid taxon.
Its isolation in the phylogeny of the tribe suggests it is a relict taxon, one of many relict plants that grow in the Caucasus.
2 volumes. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole. The infraspecific taxon Nepenthes carunculata var. robusta was described in 1994 by Joachim Nerz and Andreas Wistuba.
The phylogenetic analysis by Funston (2020) places Citipes as the sister taxon to Elmisaurus rarus. This, by definition, places it within the family Caenagnathidae.
According to the authors of the taxon, the specific epithet, stigmosus, Latin for marked, refers to the specific name of the host species, chlorostigma.
A phylogenetic analysis in 2016 recovered Septencoracias as the sister taxon of Primobucco. The most parsimonious tree, based on 21 taxa, is shown below.
Fossarus erythraoensis is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Planaxidae. WoRMS indicates this species as a taxon inquirendum.
Phylogenetic evidence of the common rough-scaled sand lizard was found in 2007, but was not accepted due to incomplete taxon sampling for Ichnotropis.
A complex suspensorium can be found in the taxon. Jaw teeth however, are noticeably absent. Cycloid scales are wholly present throughout the entire body.
Dacentrurus was previously considered to be a basal stegosaurid, but the discovery and observation of Miragaia has suggested that it is a derived taxon.
The specific epithet, chinmeii, derives from the name of Ms. Chin-Mei Hung, who first recognized Camellia chinmeii as a new taxon in 2010.
Molecular studies led to the conclusion that the three members of Carinarion are a single species-level taxon. The name Arion fasciatus has priority.
Rhipaeosaurus's status as a parareptile is still considered relatively stable, either as a basal nycteroleterid or a transitional taxon between other "nycteroleterids" and pareiasaurus.
Leucosyrinx barashi is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pseudomelatomidae, the turrids and allies. This is a taxon inquirendum.
Lophotrochozoa (, "crest/wheel animals") is a clade of protostome animals within the Spiralia. The taxon was established as a monophyletic group based on molecular evidence.
Aphaenogaster bidentatus is a species of ant in the family Formicidae. It is endemic to the United States. This is not a currently recognized taxon.
Tryblidiida is a taxon of monoplacophoran molluscans containing the only extant representatives: 37 species are still alive today, inhabiting the ocean at depths of between .
The taxon Xanthonychoidea was not used in the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005. The family Xanthonychidae was placed within the superfamily Helicoidea.
There are over 40 currently recognised species: The taxon Stumpffia helenae' Vallan, 2000 was transferred to Anilany and therefore does not appear on this list.
Coronodon falls basally within Mysticeti, being closely related to the unnamed taxon ChM PV 5720 and more primitive than "Metasqualodon" symmetricus, Aetiocetidae, Mammalodontidae, and Llanocetus.
Stevenson, W. D. & S. Sabato. 1986. Typification of names in Zamia L. and Aulacophyllum Regel (Zamiaceae). Taxon 35(3): 134–144.Lindstrom, A. J. 2009.
Recent genome analysis has shown that they are descended from, and should be considered as, highly modified rotifers. This unified taxon is known as Syndermata.
Taxon 57(1):179-200.Yadav SR, Janarthanam MK. 1995 Trithuria konkanensis (Hydatellaceae), eine neue Art aus Indien. Aqua Planta 20. (3): 91-97 (1995).
Apharia is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Amphisphaerina is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Acrospermoides is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Calosphaeriopsis is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Bombardiastrum is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Anthostomellina is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Amphisphaerellula is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Acerbiella is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Caleutypa is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Byssotheciella is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Dryosphaera is a genus of fungi in the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Cucurbitopsis is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Cryptovalsa is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Cryptomycina is a genus of fungi in the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Cryptoascus is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Chaetoamphisphaeria is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Caproniella is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Mangrovispora is a genus of fungi within the order Phyllachorales. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Leptosphaerella is a genus of fungi in the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Kurssanovia is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Kravtzevia is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Hypotrachynicola is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Hyaloderma is a genus of fungi in the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Heliastrum is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Frondisphaera is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Esfandiariomyces is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Endoxylina is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Pontogeneia is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Pleosphaeria is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Pleocryptospora is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Phyllocelis is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Phomatospora is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Plectosphaerella is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Pedumispora is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Pareutypella is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Ophiomassaria is a genus of fungi in the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Oceanitis is a genus of fungi in the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Neothyridaria is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Neolamya is a genus of fungi in the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Monosporascus is a genus of fungi in the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Mirannulata is a genus of fungi in the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Microcyclephaeria is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Melomastia is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Ornatispora is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Scharifia is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Sartorya is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Sarcopyrenia is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Saccardoëlla is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Romellina is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Rivulicola is a genus of fungi in the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Rhynchosphaeria is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Rhopographella is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Rimaconus is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Rhizophila is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Rhamphosphaeria is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Rehmiomycella is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Pumilus is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Pulvinaria is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Protocucurbitaria is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Porodiscus is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Trichospermella is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Thyrotheca is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Thyridella is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Thelidiella is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Tamsiniella is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Synsphaeria is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Sungaiicola is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Strickeria is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Stomatogenella is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Stellosetifera is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Stegophorella is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Stearophora is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Sporoctomorpha is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Servaziella is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Scotiosphaeria is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Scoliocarpon is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Zignoina is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Vleugelia is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Trichosphaeropsis is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Ouranopithecus due to its similarities with its probable sister taxon O. macedoniensis. Turkae after the discovery of the holotype fossils in the Republic of Turkey.
Extrusothecium is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Pleostigma is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Plejobolus is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Plagiostromella is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Placostromella is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Phragmosperma is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Thyrospora is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Thalassoascus is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Stuartella is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Semifissispora is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Scolecobonaria is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Rosenscheldia is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Rosellinula is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Rhopographus is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Yoshinagella is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Valsaria is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Brooksia is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Bryorella is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Bryosphaeria is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Bryostroma is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Buelliella is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Calyptra is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Capnodinula is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Catinella is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Ceratocarpia is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Coccochora is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Cyrtidula is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Mytilostoma is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Mycothyridium is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Mycoporopsis is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Mycopepon is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Mycoglaena is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Montagnella is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Microdothella is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Microcyclella is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Didymopleella is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Didymocyrtidium is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Dawsophila is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Dawsomyces is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Dangeardiella is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Hysteropsis is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Hypobryon is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Hyalosphaera is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Hyalocrea is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Homostegia is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Heptameria is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Helicascus is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Globulina is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Globoa is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Gilletiella is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Maireella is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Macroventuria is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Macrovalsaria is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Leptospora is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Lembosiopeltis is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Lanatosphaera is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Kusanobotrys is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Kullhemia is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Koordersiella is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Kirschsteiniothelia is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Karschia is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Philonectria is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Phaeopeltosphaeria is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Passeriniella is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Paropodia is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Neopeckia is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Pteridiospora is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Passerinula is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Pycnocarpon is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Acrogenotheca is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Allosoma is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Amylirosa is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Ascocoronospora is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Bifrontia is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
Brefeldiella is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis).
The Mycoporaceae are a family of fungi with an uncertain taxonomic placement in the class Dothideomycetes. A monotypic taxon, it contains the single genus Mycoporum.
The Moriolaceae are a family of fungi with an uncertain taxonomic placement in the class Dothideomycetes. A monotypic taxon, it contains the single genus Moriola.
The Microtheliopsidaceae are a family of fungi with an uncertain taxonomic placement in the class Dothideomycetes. A monotypic taxon, it contains the single genus Microtheliopsis.
Ledger initially placed this genus in the family Haemogregarinidae, but Wenyon subsequently removed it and placed it in the newly created taxon Hepatozoidae in 1926.
Boopis is a genus of flowering plants in the family Calyceraceae, native to Chile, Argentina and Brazil. The taxon is believed to be highly polyphyletic.
The Rhinophrynidae are the sister taxon of the Pipidae. The clade formed by these two genera is sometimes referred to as Xenoanura or superfamily Pipoidea.
This would eventually turn Machairodus into something of a wastebasket taxon, which would be rectified with the discoveries of more complete skeletons of other machairodonts.
Even when Erpetosuchus granti was solely used to represent Erpetosuchidae, it was recovered as the sister taxon of aetosaurs + Revueltosaurus, at the base of Suchia.
No dental material is know for this taxon as the isolated tooth initially referred to the holotype was revealed to belong to an abelisaurid theropod.
Recently, the taxon has been considered a member of the order Mollisoniida, alongside Mollisonia, Thelxiope, and Corcorania, the group are suggested to be stem-chelicerates.
In 1981 a proposal to conserve the genus Millettia and reject the genus Pongamia was proposed in the journal Taxon and was ratified in 1988.
Paradoxiconus is a taxon of problematic spine with a smooth tip and a striated and ornamented base, known from phosphatic fossils from the middle Meishucunian.
In 1913, Frederick Bailey promoted Brown's B. compar, which had been declared a synonym of B. integrifolia by Bentham in 1870, to variety rank as B. i. var. compar. This would be the first infraspecific taxon of B. integrifolia to achieve widespread acceptance. The variety was promoted to subspecies rank by Kevin Thiele in 1994, and B. i. subsp. compar remains a current taxon to date.
Jurassic ammonite internal mold redeposited (and bored) in a Cretaceous sediment, thus a zombie taxon or remanié; Faringdon Sponge Gravel, England. In paleontology, a zombie taxon. Retrieved on 2008-07-17. (plural zombie taxa) or the zombie effect refers to a fossil, such as a dinosaur tooth, that was washed out of sediments and re-deposited in rocks and/or sediments millions of years younger.
Paeonia emodi was first mentioned in the Numerical List of dried specimens of plants in the East India Company's Museum: collected under the superintendence of Dr. Wallich of the Company's botanic garden at Calcutta of 1831. In 1834, John Forbes Royle validated this name by publishing a proper description of the taxon. Ernst Huth reduced the taxon to P. anomala var. emodi in 1891.1868 Paeonia emodi.
The taxonomy and nomenclature of this species is complex. The most recent work by Dr. Julie Barcelona and colleagues has documented that the taxon named by Blanco in the mid-19th century is indeed the same as the taxon named by her own research group and that of Dr. Domingo Madulid. Thus, the two later names, R. banahawensis and R. banahaw are synonyms of R. philippensis.
However, more recent studies reduce Rhadinosuchidae to a subfamily level as Rhadinosuchinae to be placed within Proterochampsidae and include advanced proterochampsid, e.g. Chanaresuchus and Rhadinosuchus. Below is a cladogram following the phylogenetic analysis of Ezcurra (2016) that recovered Doswelliidae as the sister taxon of Proterochampsidae (within Proterochampsia). Proterochampsia was found to be the sister taxon of Archosauria, whose living representatives consist of birds and crocodilians.
Both NISP and MNI are likely only ordinals scale measurements, which means at best they can only give an ordered series of taxonomic abundance, i.e. "Taxon A is more numerous than Taxon B." NISP should not be used when calculating a sample size for inferential statistics, because it will inflate the statistical significance.Marshall & Pilgram (1993) Thus in these situations MNI should be used instead.
A published scientific name may not fulfil the requirements of the Codes for various reasons. For example, if the taxon was not adequately described, its name is called a nomen nudum. It is possible for a taxon to be "undescribed" for an extensive period of time, even if unofficial descriptions are published. An undescribed species may be referred to with the genus name, followed by "sp".
In Italy, the first appearance of the taxon is during the late Early Pleistocene, around 1.2 Ma, the remains from Coste San Giacomo, suggested to date to around 2 Ma, have an uncertain stratigraphic context. The latest remains of the taxon date to MIS 15, indeterminate remains of hippopotamuses are found from MIS 15 to 9, after which remains attribuable to the living common hippopotamus are known.
Brachyopomorpha is a clade of stereospondyl temnospondyls within the infraorder Trematosauria. It was constructed in 2000 to include Bothriceps australis and the superfamily Brachyopoidea. It is phylogenetically defined as a stem-based taxon including Pelorocephalus and all taxa closer to it than to Rhytidosteus. In contrast, Brachyopoidea is defined as a node-based taxon including Brachyops and Pelorocephalus and all descendants of their most recent common ancestor.
However, Maisch and his co- authors did place both Germanodactylus species in Dsungaripteroidea, like Unwin. Vidovic and Martill not only considered the contents of Germanodactylus to be paraphyletic, but they found the two species to be entirely distinct in their cladistic analysis. G. cristatus was considered the sister taxon of both Dsungaripteroidea and Azhdarchoidea, while "G. rhamphastinus" was sister taxon to a group they called Aurorazhdarchia.
He created the new taxon Ceratosauria to include both the Ceratosauridae and the ostrich-like ornithomimids. The idea of the Ceratosauria was soon contested, however. Later that same decade both Lydekker and Marsh's hated rival Edward Drinker Cope argued that the taxon was invalid. The idea of the Ceratosauria would regain some support more than thirty years later when Gilmore argued in its favor in 1920.
The genus Plesiocystis was first described in 2003 on the basis of two strains of a single species, Plesiocystis pacifica, and remains a monotypic taxon. Originally placed in the suborder Soranginae, reclassification has since assigned this taxon to the suborder Nannocystineae. The genus name is derived from the Greek words plesion (neighbor) and cystis (bladder), noting the genus' relationship to another genus of myxobacteria, Nannocystis.
The process of genome stabilization during hybrid speciation and introgression. Both ecological selection pressures and selection to avoid intrinsic incompatibilities mould hybrid genomes. Depending on the balance between beneficial alleles and incompatibilities hybridisation can result either in an admixed taxon that is reproductively isolated from both parent taxa, or local introgression into a taxon that remains distinct in spite of occasional gene flow. RI abbreviates reproductive isolation.
The members of the Rhizodontida have nearly all had complex taxonomic historiesJeffery, J.E. 2006. The Carboniferous fish genera Strepsodus and Archichthys (Rhizodontida: Sarcopterygii): clarifying 150 years of confusion. Palaeontology 49: 113-132 due to earlier use of the genus Strepsodus as a wastebasket taxon. The taxon was originally assigned to the genus Rhizodus by John William Dawson and later to Strepsodus by Arthur Smith Woodward.
The holotype, now reposited at the Field Museum, was previously described by Godfrey (1997) as an aïstopod, Phlegethontia longissama. Redescription of the specimen led to its identification as a new lysorophian taxon. Infernovenator is represented only by the holotype, a nearly complete skeleton. The genus name is given for the Latin infernum ("hell") to refer to the fossorial habitats of the taxon and venator ("hunter").
Amnirana albolabris includes two very distinct lineages. The western component includes most of the West African populations and is the sister taxon of Amnirana fonensis. The Central African component also includes the Nigerian populations and is the sister taxon of Amnirana asperrima. The type locality of Amnirana albolabris is given as "West Africa", but later researchers have deduced that the correct locality is Gabon.
Cadlinidae is a family of sea slugs, dorid nudibranchs, marine gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Doridoidea. Molecular phylogenetic studies and their taxon-sampling schemes can have a strong influence of the resulting phylogeny. Research by R.F. Johnson in 2011Johnson R. F. (2011) "Breaking family ties: taxon sampling and molecular phylogeny of chromodorid nudibranchs (Mollusca, Gastropoda)". Zoologica Scripta 40(2): 137-157. DOI:10.1111/j.1463-6409.2010.00457.x.
Chirostyloidea is an anomuran taxon with squat lobster-like representatives. It comprises the three families Chirostylidae, Eumunididae and Kiwaidae. Although representatives of Chirostyloidea are superficially similar to galatheoid squat lobsters, they are more closely related to Lomisoidea and Aegloidea together forming the taxon Australopoda. No fossils can be confidently assigned to the Chirostyloidea, although Pristinaspina may belong either in the family Kiwaidae or Chirostylidae.
In biological taxonomy, a monograph is a comprehensive treatment of a taxon. Monographs typically review all known species within a group, add any newly discovered species, and collect and synthesize available information on the ecological associations, geographic distributions, and morphological variations within the group. The first-ever monograph of a plant taxon was Robert Morison's 1672 Plantarum Umbelliferarum Distributio Nova, a treatment of the Apiaceae.
There are two aspects to this: # The first formal scientific name given to a plant or animal taxon shall be the name that is to be used, called the valid name in zoology and correct name in botany. # Once a name has been used, no subsequent publication of that name for another taxon shall be valid (zoology) or validly published (botany). There are formal provisions for making exceptions to this principle. If an archaic or obscure prior name is discovered for an established taxon, the current name can be declared a nomen conservandum (botany) or conserved name (zoology), and so conserved against the prior name.
Proposals for new names, name changes, and the establishment and taxonomic placement of taxa are handled by the Executive Committee of the ICTV in the form of proposals. All relevant ICTV subcommittees and study groups are consulted prior to a decision being taken. The name of a taxon has no official status until it has been approved by ICTV, and names will only be accepted if they are linked to approved hierarchical taxa. If no suitable name is proposed for a taxon, the taxon may be approved and the name be left undecided until the adoption of an acceptable international name, when one is proposed to and accepted by ICTV.
If a formal phylogenetic analysis is conducted that does not include a certain taxon, the authors might choose to label the taxon incertae sedis instead of guessing its placement. This is particularly common when molecular phylogenies are generated, since tissue for many rare organisms is hard to obtain. It is also a common scenario when fossil taxa are included, since many fossils are defined based on partial information. For example, if the phylogeny was constructed using soft tissue and vertebrae as principal characters and the taxon in question is only known from a single tooth, it would be necessary to label it incertae sedis.
Because the definition of a Lazarus taxon is ambiguous, some like R. B. Rickards, do not agree with the existence of a Lazarus taxon. Rickards and Wright questioned the usefulness of the concept of a Lazarus taxon. They wrote in "Lazarus taxa, refugia and relict faunas: evidence from graptolites" that anyone could argue that any gap in the fossil record could potentially be considered a Lazarus effect because the duration required for the Lazarus effect is not defined. They believed accurate plotting of biodiversity changes and species abundance through time, coupled with an appraisal of their palaeobiogeography was more important than using this title to categorize species.
Generally speaking in biology taxonomy is required to reflect phylogeny, in other words the classification of a group must reflect its evolutionary descent, as far as that is known, so the taxon Prosobranchia is no longer considered suitable to be used. One can still encounter this subclass used as if it is still valid in many texts and websites. Although Prosobranchia is no longer generally accepted as a taxon by people who study living Mollusca, still the term prosobranch is legitimately used as an anatomically descriptive adjective or noun, and the taxon Prosobranchia is still sometimes used by paleontologists. Prosobranch means gills in front (of the heart).
Ruf2014 Origin of the nasal capsule is hard to place on a phylogony due to late ossification, therefore it was most likely cartilagenous in this taxon.
Pteroplax means winged plate, in reference to the tabular horns of the isolated skull table that currently represents the only specimen certainly referable to this taxon.
This taxon was placed as the tribe Odontostomini, in the subfamily Bulimulinae, within the family Orthalicidae, according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda (Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005).
This taxon was placed as the tribe Simpulopsini, in the subfamily Bulimulinae, within the family Orthalicidae, according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda (Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005).
Laurence J. Dorr and Kevin C. Nixon. 1985. Typification of the Oak (Quercus) Taxa Described by S. B. Buckley (1809-1884). Taxon 34(2): 211-228.
Another specimen originally assigned to the genus Hongshanornis preserved fossilized seeds in the crop; however, this specimen was subsequently transferred to a distinct taxon Eogranivora edentulata.
This species was first described as Madrepora cophodactyla by Brook in 1892. Its current taxonomic status is uncertain as it is classified as a taxon inquirendum.
The specific name of the taxon comes from pacificus plus Greek oides (like or resembling), from its relationship to the living species Puffinus pacificus.Olson, p. 19.
Sun, B.-Y., M.H. Kim, C.H. Kim, and C.-W. Park. 2001. Mankyua (Ophioglossaceae): a new fern genus from Cheju Island, Korea. Taxon 50: 1019-1024.
Calliostoma galea is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae. Some authors place this taxon in the subgenus Calliostoma (Benthastelena).
Calliostoma gendalli is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae. Some authors place this taxon in the subgenus Calliostoma (Benthastelena).
Calliostoma gibbsorum is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae. Some authors place this taxon in the subgenus Calliostoma (Maurea).
Calliostoma hedleyi is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae. Some authors place this taxon in the subgenus Calliostoma (Fautor).
Calliostoma houarti is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae. Some authors place this taxon in the subgenus Calliostoma (Fautor).
Calliostoma houbricki is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae. Some authors place this taxon in the subgenus Calliostoma (Fautor).
Calliostoma iwamotoi is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae. Some authors place this taxon in the subgenus Calliostoma (Tristichotrochus) .
Calliostoma jackelynae is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae. Some authors place this taxon in the subgenus Calliostoma (Fautor).
Calliostoma katoi is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae. Some authors place this taxon in the subgenus Calliostoma (Tristichotrochus).
Calliostoma katsunakamai is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae. Some authors place this taxon in the subgenus Calliostoma (Kombologion).
Calliostoma cristatum is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae. Some authors place this taxon in the subgenus Calliostoma (Benthastelena).
Calliostoma diadematum is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae. Some authors place this taxon in the subgenus Calliostoma (Benthastelena) .
Calliostoma doncorni is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae. Some authors place this taxon in the subgenus Calliostoma (Tristichotrochus).
Calliostoma filiareginae is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae. Some authors place this taxon in the subgenus Calliostoma (Kombologion).
Calliostoma kurodai is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae. Some authors place this taxon in the subgenus Calliostoma (Fautor).
Calliostoma madagascarense is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae. Some authors place this taxon in the subgenus Calliostoma (Kombologion).
Calliostoma maui is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae. Some authors place this taxon in the subgenus Calliostoma (Maurea) .
Calliostoma mikikoae is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae. Some authors place this taxon in the subgenus Calliostoma (Tristichotrochus).
Calliostoma monikae is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae. Some authors place this taxon in the subgenus Calliostoma (Fautor) .
Calliostoma multiliratum is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae. Some authors place this taxon in the subgenus Calliostoma (Benthastelena).
Calliostoma muriellae is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae. Some authors place this taxon in the subgenus Calliostoma (Otukaia).
Calliostoma nakamigawai is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae. Some authors place this taxon in the subgenus Calliostoma (Tristichotrochus).
Calliostoma opalinum is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae. Some authors place this taxon in the subgenus Calliostoma (Fautor) .
Calliostoma otukai is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae. Some authors place this taxon in the subgenus Calliostoma (Otukaia).
Calliostoma paradigmatum is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae. Some authors place this taxon in the subgenus Calliostoma (Fautor).
Calliostoma peregrinum is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae. Some authors place this taxon in the subgenus Calliostoma (Ampullotrochus).
Calliostoma strobilos is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae. Some authors place this taxon in the subgenus Calliostoma (Fautor).
Calliostoma suduirauti is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae. Some authors place this taxon in the subgenus Calliostoma (Ampullotrochus).
Calliostoma sugitanii is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae. Some authors place this taxon in the subgenus Calliostoma (Tristichotrochus).
Calliostoma syungokannoi is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae. Some authors place this taxon in the subgenus Calliostoma (Kombologion).
Calliostoma takaseanum is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae. Some authors place this taxon in the subgenus Calliostoma (Tristichotrochus).
Calliostoma takujii is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae. Some authors place this taxon in the subgenus Calliostoma (Fautor).
Calliostoma thachi is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Calliostomatidae. Some authors place this taxon in the subgenus Calliostoma (Benthastelena).
Calliostoma tosaense is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae. Some authors place this taxon in the subgenus Calliostoma (Benthastelena).
Calliostoma toshiharui is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae. Some authors place this taxon in the subgenus Calliostoma (Kombologion).
Calliostoma vicdani is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae. Some authors place this taxon in the subgenus Calliostoma (Kombologion).
Calliostoma xylocinnamomum is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae. Some authors place this taxon in the subgenus Calliostoma (Ampullotrochus) .
Calliostoma periglyptum is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae. Some authors place this taxon in the subgenus Calliostoma (Fautor) .
Calliostoma pertinax is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae. Some authors place this taxon in the subgenus Calliostoma (Benthastelena).
Calliostoma quadricolor is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae. Some authors place this taxon in the subgenus Calliostoma (Fautor).
Calliostoma regale is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae. Some authors place this taxon in the subgenus Calliostoma (Maurea).
Calliostoma richeri is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae. Some authors place this taxon in the subgenus Calliostoma (Fautor).
Calliostoma sakashitai is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae. Some authors place this taxon in the subgenus Calliostoma (Tristichotrochus).
Calliostoma scobinatum is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae. Some authors place this taxon in the subgenus Calliostoma (Fautor).
Calliostoma shinagawaense is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae. Some authors place this taxon in the subgenus Calliostoma (Tristichotrochus).
Calliostoma simodense is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae. Some authors place this taxon in the subgenus Calliostoma (Tristichotrochus).
In the late 19th and early 20th century, Lygosoma was used as a "wastebin taxon", to which almost every newly described skink was assigned.Shea & Michels 2008.
Thyrocopa is a genus of moths in the family Xyloryctidae endemic to Hawaii. The taxon has approximately forty species, including some flightless species. BayScience Foundation, Inc.
All three have inflexed stamens which separates them from the eastern species. The species is recognised as hybridising with sister taxon Eucalyptus loxophleba, the York Gum.
The placement of Elginia remains volatile, with the taxon hopping between more apical pareiasaurs such as Therischian and more basal pareiasaurs such as Scutosaurus and pumiliopareiasaurs.
It is listed by Western Australia's Department of Environment and Conservation as a priority two poorly known taxon on the Declared Rare and Priority Flora List.
Some authors have placed the taxon within Taeniolabidoidea. Kielan- Jaworowska and Hurum (2001) expressly don't. The family Cimolomyidae was named by Othniel Charles Marsh in 1889.
Conifers of the World, The Complete Reference. pp 630-631. Timber Press 2009. It is thus described as a living fossil or, alternatively, a Lazarus taxon.
This plant sometimes hybridizes with its relative, Asimina reticulata.Norman, E. M. (2003). Reproductive biology of Deeringothamnus rugelii and D. pulchellus (Annonaceae). Taxon 52:3 547-55.
E. incilis is considered a basal petalichthyid, and is placed in Quasipetalichthyidae as Quasipetalichthys' sister taxon. Quasipetalichthyidae, in turn, is considered the sister group of Macropetalichthyidae.
Helogenes is a genus of whale catfish found in tropical South America. Helogeneinae is the sister taxon of Cetopsinae, the other subfamily in the family Cetopsidae.
Adelophthalmus contains a large amount of species (33' as of 2020, the largest amount of any eurypterid), is geographically widespread, named a long time ago (1854) and the nominate form of a higher taxon (lending its name to the family Adelopthalmidae and the superfamily Adelopthalmoidea), meeting every criterion to be dubbed a "wastebasket taxon", a taxon existing for the sole purpose of classifying organisms that do not fit elsewhere. Additionally, most of the species referred to Adelophthalmus were described by authors who were not eurypterid specialists (since eurypterid researchers mostly concentrated their efforts on the more diverse pre-Carboniferous eurypterids) and most descriptions lack in comparisons with previously described species of the genus. As such, the differences between species are often trivial, perhaps partly resulting from that the first overview paper on the taxon was published only in 1948, at which point 26 species had already been described.
The Hallidaya is a genus of the Trilobozoa taxon, but their further relationships are incertae sedis. These fossils were mainly disk-shaped organisms with tri-radial symmetry.
Pachyta erebia is the species of the Lepturinae subfamily in long-horned beetle family.BioLib Taxon profile — species Pachyta erebia Bates, 1884 This beetle is distributed in Japan.
Pachyta mediofasciata is the species of the Lepturinae subfamily in long- horned beetle family.BioLib Taxon profile — species Pachyta mediofasciata Pic, 1936 This beetle is distributed in China.
Anodonthyla is a genus of microhylid frogs endemic to Madagascar. Molecular data suggest that it is the sister taxon to all other species in the subfamily Cophylinae.
Gattyana cirrhosa has a commensal relationship with chaetopterid, terebellid, and pectinariid polychaete worms, living within the tubes they construct. However, it is also a free-living taxon.
In biostratigraphy, an acme zone, abundance zone, or peak zone is the area of a teilzone where a particular fossil taxon reaches a higher level of abundance.
Calflora taxon report, University of California, Hulsea californica Torrey & A. Gray, San Diego alpinegold, San Diego sunflower The main threat to this species are invasive plant species.
Hercospora is a genus of fungi within the Diaporthales order, class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the order is unknown (incertae sedis).
Cryptonectriella is a genus of fungi within the Diaporthales order, class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the order is unknown (incertae sedis).
Chromendothia is a genus of fungi in the Diaporthales order, class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the order is unknown (incertae sedis).
Caudospora is a genus of fungi within the Diaporthales order, class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the order is unknown (incertae sedis).
Apiosporopsis is a genus of fungi within the Diaporthales order, class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the order is unknown (incertae sedis).
Anisomycopsis is a genus of fungi within the Diaporthales order, class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the order is unknown (incertae sedis).
As explained in the previous section, the superfamilies Arionoidea and Helicoidea do not belong to the limacoid clade. However, they are sometimes mistakenly included in this taxon.
The European Union's Habitats Directive on the conservation of natural habitats and wild fauna placed Margaritifera durrovensis on Annex II and Annex V as a separate taxon.
Wang et al. (2018) erected Jinguofortisidae after finding Chongmingia (previously considered Avebrevicauda incertae sedis by Wang et al. 2016) to be sister to their new taxon Jinguofortis.
Mastigoteuthis is a genus of whip-lash squid containing at least seven valid species. Some teuthologists consider Idioteuthis synonymous with this taxon. The genus contains bioluminescent species.
Echinoteuthis is a genus of whip-lash squid containing approximately three to five species. Some teuthologists consider Idioteuthis synonymous with this taxon. The genus contains bioluminescent species.
Pol and Norell (2004) found Zaraasuchus shepardi to be the sister taxon of Gobiosuchus kielanae, united by 14 synapomorphies, primarily from the skull, forming the family Gobiosuchidae.
Nepenthes wilkiei was described by Matthew Jebb and Martin Cheek in 1998. This taxon was subsequently found to be conspecific with N. philippinensis.Cheek, M.R. & M.H.P. Jebb 1999.
"Toward a resolution of Campanulid phylogeny, with special reference to the placement of Dipsacales". Taxon 57(1):53-65. The inclusion of Pseudobotrys in Cardiopteridaceae remains doubtful.
Monographs in systematic botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden.Venter, H. J. T. & R. L. Verhoeven. 1997. A tribal classification of the Periplocoideae (Apocynaceae). Taxon 46: 705–720.
The form on El Hierro is F. c. ombriosa, and a fourth, hitherto undescribed taxon previously assigned to F. c. canariensis, on Gran Canaria.Suárez et al. (2009).
Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 23:(3, supplement). 73A. but it is now generally accepted that Chrysochampsa is distinct from all other alligatoroids and is its own taxon.
Nuptial spines are clearly visible. This character has been used to define subgenus Vibrissaphora. The sister taxon of Leptobrachium is a clade that includes Scutiger and Oreolalax.
The Dinosauria (2nd edition). Berkeley: University of California Press. Pp. 363-392. Two separate studies have found Animantarx to be the sister taxon of Edmontonia within Nodosauridae.
While paleontologists currently consider Euskelosaurus a basal plateosaurid sauropodomorph, many paleontologists consider Euskelosaurus a “waste-basket” taxon. Its phylogenetic relationships are poorly understood and warrant further study.
Hapsidopareion is the sister taxon to Llistrofus pricei. Collectively, this group forms the Hapsidopareiidae (traditionally called the 'Hapsidopareiontidae') and is recognized by the greatly enlarged temporal emargination.
Hylodidae is a family of frogs. Whether their sister taxon is the Dendrobatoidea or Alsodidae is still under debate. They are native to Brazil and northern Argentina.
Remanella is a genus of karyorelict ciliates, belonging to family Loxodidae. Whereas Remanella inhabits brackish and marine waters, Loxodes – the other loxodid genus – is a freshwater taxon.
"Morphological variation and taxonomic reassessment of the endemic Malagasy blind snake family Xenotyphlopidae (Serpentes, Scolecophidia)". Spixiana 36 (2): 269-282. The Xenotyphlipidae's sister taxon are the Typhlopidae.
The Dinosauria (second edition). University of California Press:Berkeley, 47-70. "Massospondylus" rawesi, another tooth taxon,Lydekker, R. (1890). Note on certain vertebrate remains from the Nagpur District.
Unlike Nesbitt, Ezcurra (2010) conducted a phylogenetic analysis to place his new taxon Chromogisaurus, and found that Herrerasauridae was basal to Eusaurischia. In 2010, Alcocer and Martinez described a new taxon of herrerasaurid, Sanjuansaurus. It could be distinguished from Herrerasaurus based on multiple features. In the phylogenetic analysis, Herrerasaurus, Sanjuansaurus and Staurikosaurus all were in a polytomy, and Herrerasauridae was the most primitive group of saurischian, outside Eusaurischia, Eoraptor and Guaibasaurus.
Baronia brevicornis is of particular importance due to its relict nature and uncertain relationship to other subfamilies such as the Parnassiinae. It is now considered to represent the monotypic subfamily Baroniinae. The butterfly was considered as the most primitive extant papilionid taxon and shares some features with the fossil taxon Praepapilio, however a comprehensive 2018 molecular phylogeny suggests that they are a sister group of the remainder of the Papilionidae.
Haptophytes have an evolutionary history around 1.2 billion years long. The evidence from fossils support this statement. In 2014, The draft genome sequence of Chrysochromulina tobinii has been posted by researchers from University of Washington. C. tobinii belongs to the taxon Prymnesiales. As the first complete genome graph in this taxon, it can provide a broad understanding of haptophytes’ evolutionary history and the diversity of this clade of algae.
Normannognathus is a genus of pterosaur from the Kimmeridgian-age Upper Jurassic Argiles d'Octeville Formation of France. Initially, Normannognathus was classified to the family Germanodactylidae, sister taxon to Germanodactylus, however, many recent analysis have recovered Normannognathus in different phylogenetic positions, and depending on different authors, Normannognathus is either found as a basal member of the Dsungaripteroidea, as an indeterminate monofenestratan, or as the sister taxon of Cycnorhamphus within the family Gallodactylidae.
The New World monkeys and the Old World monkeys are each monophyletic groups, but their combination was not, since it excluded hominoids (apes and humans). Thus the term "monkey" no longer referred to a recognized scientific taxon. The smallest accepted taxon which contains all the monkeys is the infraorder Simiiformes, or simians. However this also contains the hominoids, so that monkeys are, in terms of currently recognized taxa, non-hominoid simians.
Anthropomorpha is a defunct taxon, replaced by Primates. The order was established by Carl Linnaeus in the first edition of his book Systema Naturae (1735) for genera Homo (humans), Simia (monkeys and apes in general) and Bradypus (sloths). The taxon is notable for the history of human taxonomy as the first to combine apes (Linnaeus' Simia) and humans under the same clade.Sven Horstadius, Linnaeus, animals and man, Biol.
Gastrophryne olivacea was once considered a subspecies of the eastern narrowmouth toad, G. carolinensis. There are no valid subspecies of this taxon at this time. This taxon was originally divided into two subspecies but in 2012 the western subspecies was elevated to full species status ("Gastrophryne mazatlanensis" = the Sinaloan Narrow-mouthed Toad).Streicher, J. W., C. L. Cox, J. A. Campbell, E. N. Smith, and R. O. de Sá. 2012.
The taxon was described in 1889 by Lister as a full species, Accipiter natalis. Since then there has been debate as to whether its affinities lie with the brown goshawk or the grey goshawk (A. novaehollandiae). In the 2004 national recovery plan for the taxon it is treated as a subspecies of the brown goshawk, though the possibility has been raised of elevating it to the species level again.Hill (2004).
In biological nomenclature, organisms often receive scientific names that honor a person. A taxon (e.g. species or genus; plural: taxa) named in honor of another entity is an eponymous taxon, and names specifically honoring a person or persons are known as patronyms. Scientific names are generally formally published in peer-reviewed journal articles or larger monographs along with descriptions of the named taxa and ways to distinguish them from other taxa.
The describers in 2005 assigned Falcarius to the Therizinosauroidea sensu of Zhang, in a basal position. Zanno later placed it as the basalmost taxon in the Therizinosauria, just outside of Therizinosauroidea sensu of Sereno. Because of the primitive position and relative completeness of Falcarius, it is a good taxon to use to compare to related groups and descendant taxa. Falcarius resembles dinosaurs belonging to the Therizinosauridae, part of the group Maniraptora.
Skull of Prognathodon solvayi, the type species of the genus.Prognathodon was first described by Louis Dollo in 1889 based on specimens gathered in Belgium. There is some confusion over the correct generic name for the taxon. Dollo first mentioned the taxon as "Prognathodon" in some preliminary notes and provided a provisional diagnosis, but replaced the name Prognathodon with "Prognathosaurus" and used Prognathosaurus in all of his subsequent papers mentioning the genus.
The collections of the Estonian Museum of Natural History contain nearly 300 000 museum specimens. Approximately 90% of the plant, beetle, butterfly and moth, bird and mammal species found in Estonia are represented in the collections. A highly valuable part of the collections is made up by type specimens – the specimens used to provide the first description of a new taxon and serving as a definitive example of that taxon.
Parvipelvia is a node-based taxon defined in 1999 as "the last common ancestor of Hudsonelpidia, Macgowania, Ichthyosaurus and all of its descendants". Maisch and Matzke (2000) also defined Neoichthyosauria which is a node-based taxon originally named by P. Martin Sander in 2000, as "the last common ancestor of Temnodontosaurus trigonodon and Ophthalmosaurus icenicus and all of its descendants". The cladograms below follows Motani (1999) and Maisch and Matzke (2000).
Phylogenetic analyses place Barasaurus within the Owenettidae, the sister taxon of Procolophonidae. Barasaurus forms the sister taxon to the clade containing Saurodektes and the only known owenettid older than Barasaurus, Owenetta rubidgei, while "Owenetta" kitchingorum and Candelaria form another lineage within the family. The addition of Ruhuhuaria to the phylogenetic analysis resulted in less resolved relation within Owenettidae, however Barasaurus and Owenetta rubidgei are recovered as sister taxa.
Formerly the taxon included the Sulu woodpecker (Y. ramsayi), which is now treated as distinct. These two and the Sulawesi woodpecker (Y. temminckii) appear to form a superspecies.
American malacologist George Washington Tryon firstly defined this taxon as Stenothyrinæ in 1866. Tryon's diagnosis reads as follows: Currently the genus Gabbia is classified within the family Bithyniidae.
Leptorhabdium pictum is the species of the Lepturinae subfamily in long-horned beetle family.BioLib Taxon profile — species Leptorhabdium pictum (Haldeman, 1847) This beetle is distributed in United States.
Noctileptura squamosa is the species of the Lepturinae subfamily in long- horned beetle family.BioLib Taxon profile — species Noctileptura squamosa Chemsak & Linsley, 1984 This beetle is distributed in Mexico.
Neanthophylax subvittatus is the species of the Lepturinae subfamily in long- horned beetle family.BioLib Taxon profile — species Neanthophylax subvittatus (Casey, 1891) This beetle is distributed in United States.
Comacmaeops parva is the species of the Lepturinae subfamily in long-horned beetle family.BioLib Taxon profile — species Comacmaeops parva Linsley & Chemsak, 1972 This beetle is distributed in Mexico.
Comacmaeops brunnea is the species of the Lepturinae subfamily in long-horned beetle family.BioLib Taxon profile — species Comacmaeops brunnea (Knull, 1962) This beetle is distributed in United States.
Pachyta armata is the species of the Lepturinae subfamily in long-horned beetle family.BioLib Taxon profile — species Pachyta armata LeConte, 1873 This beetle is distributed in United States.
Brachyta danilevskyii is the species of the Lepturinae subfamily in long- horned beetle family.BioLib Taxon profile — species Brachyta danilevskyii Tshernyshev & Dubatolov, 2005 This beetle is distributed in Japan.
The taxon moebii, by most authorities considered a subspecies of the Long-billed Green Sunbird, has occasionally been considered a separate species, the Comoro green sunbird (Cinnyris moebii).
Palaeoamasiidae or Palaeoamasinae is an extinct taxon of embrithopod mammals that have been found in Romania and Anatolia where they lived on the shores of the Tethys Ocean.
"The wood anatomy of the polyphyletic Icacinaceae s.l. and their relationships within asterids". Taxon 57(2):525-552. These genera are: Calatola, Ottoschulzia, Oecopetalum, Poraqueiba, Emmotum, and Platea.
The identity of this taxon has been confused by the publication, in 1894, of a description of Stanhopea oculata (first described in 1832) under the name Epidendrum cornutum.
Tympanocryptis: 'hidden ear' Houstoni: Presumably named after T.E. Houston, author of Dragon lizards and Goannas of South Australia and the first to recognise the distinctiveness of this taxon.
Differences in morphology and the absence of hybrids between D. stolonifera and D. porrecta suggest the current species level designation is the most appropriate choice for this taxon.
"Classification and Synopsis of Formicidae". Thus all species previously included within the genus Doronomyrmex taxon should be technically considered to belong to Leptothorax until the next taxonomic revision.
A similar taxon from Mount Trusmadi was long considered to be N. edwardsiana.Marabini, J. 1984. A Field Trip to Gunong Trusmadi. Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 13(2): 38–40.
In the taxonomic scheme endorsed by the International Society of Protistologists, which eliminates formal rank designations such as "phylum" and "class", "Ciliophora" is an unranked taxon within Alveolata.
Pittosporum eriocarpum is a plant species of the Indian suncontinent in the Pittosporaceae family, native to Himachal Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh. This taxon is threatened by habitat loss.
For this reason, the fossil history of the genus is unclear, and it has formerly been used as wastebasket taxon for a number of fossils of uncertain affinity.
Graderia is a genus of plants in the family Orobanchaceae, which is native to Africa and Socotra. It belongs to the tribe Buchnereae. It is a hemiparasitic taxon.
Bengt Oxelman, Per Kornhall, Richard G. Olmstead & Birgitta Bremer. 2005. "Further disintegration of the Scrophulariaceaea". Taxon 54(2): 411-425. These genera became part of an expanded Phrymaceae.
"Cardiopteris or Peripterygium?" Taxon 11(1):28-29. In 1843, Justus Hasskarl had published the name Peripterygium quinqueloba for what is now Cardiopteris quinqueloba.Justus Hasskarl. 1843. page 142.
Wurfbainia elegans,Škorničk J, Poulsen AD (2018) Taxon 67(1): 29. synonym Amomum elegans is a species of plants in the Zingiberaceae. It is found in the Philippines.
GEOS publishers. Pp. 235 (in Russian). The nominate taxon (A. b. baerii) accounts for 80% of all Siberian sturgeon and resides in the Ob River and its tributaries.
This included the Dolichosauridae, Pontosaurus, Aphanizocnemus, and Adriosaurus. Acteosaurus was found to be a basal ophidiomorph (similar to Adrisaurus) and sister taxon to the Ophidia, or modern snakes.
Taxon: Genus †Tharsis TaxonomiconThe Genera of Fishes ...: From Linnæus to Cuvier, 1758-1833 By David Starr Jordan, Barton Warren Evermann He also described many species of ectoparasitic birdlice.
Living Snakes of the World in Color. New York: Sterling Publishers. 480 pp. . molecular studies have shown that it is the sister taxon to the pit vipers, Crotalinae.
Pipecolic acid can be associated with some forms of epilepsy. CRYM, a taxon-specific crystallin protein that also binds thyroid hormones, is involved in the pipecolic acid pathway.
Biomphalaria salinarum is a species of air-breathing freshwater snail, an aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Planorbidae, the ram's horn snails. This is a taxon inquirendum.
It is threatened by habitat loss and, possibly, acid precipitation. This taxon was incorrectly listed by Giusti & Manganelli in 1990, as "Falkneri camerani", due to an orthographic error.
Tsingymantis antitra was described in by Glaw, Hoegg and Vences in 2006. Its taxonomic placement within the family Mantellidae remains uncertain, because it is apparently a basal taxon.
On the discrimination of species in hybrid swarms with special reference to Ulmus and the nomenclature of U. minor (Mill.) and U. carpinifolia (Gled.). Taxon 27: 345-351.
L. dorsicatenus was originally placed in the “wastebasket taxon” Sphenomorphus, but was later moved to the genus Lankascincus, which is a genus of skinks endemic to Sri Lanka..
Demonax is a genus of the family of the longhorn beetles (Cerambycidae), containing the following species groups and species:Biolib.cz - Genus Demonax taxon profile. Retrieved on 16 September 2018.
This variety is extremely rare in cultivation in Europe and North America. There are no known cultivars of this taxon, nor is it known to be in commerce.
Antennablennius velifer is a species of combtooth blenny which is found in the western Indian Ocean. Some authorities regard this taxon as a junior synonym of Antennablennius variopunctatus.
Yang et al. performed a phylogenetic analysis and found Taohelong to be the sister taxon to Polacanthus foxii, making it the first polacanthine to be described from Asia.
An isolated radius suggested to belong to the taxon is known from Berrouaghia, which is robust and proportionally short in comparison to other cerivds, and the mid shaft measurement of 40mm is proportionally wider than that of M. giganteus. Croitor suggests that several rock art drawings from the Altas and the Sahara depict the taxon, which show horned animals, some with antler like tines including proportionally long tails. This interpretation, which had previously been suggested by other authors, has been criticised, noting that there are no known remains for the taxon from the Sahara, and that previous interpretions of the rock art representing deer had been based on faulty fossil identification of deer in Mali.
A proposal to conserve Brachycome was rejected in 1993 by the Committee for Spermatophyta.Brummitt, R. K. (1993). Report of the Committee for Spermatophyta: 38. Taxon 42(3), 687-97.
This taxon was elevated to species status (A. taylori ) by Parkinson, Zamudio and Greene (2000) based on mitochondrial DNA sequences. Agkistrodon taylori is a vertebrate in the subfamily Crotalinae.
Artelida caligata is the species of the Lepturinae subfamily in long-horned beetle family.BioLib Taxon profile — species Artelida caligata Fairmaire, 1904 This beetle is distributed on island of Madagascar.
Artelida crinipes is the species of the Lepturinae subfamily in long-horned beetle family.BioLib Taxon profile — species Artelida crinipes Thomson, 1864 This beetle is distributed on island of Madagascar.
Mastododera jansoni is the species of the Lepturinae subfamily in long-horned beetle family.BioLib Taxon profile — species Mastododera jansoni Waterhouse, 1882 This beetle is distributed on island of Madagascar.
Mastododera fallaciosa is the species of the Lepturinae subfamily in long- horned beetle family.BioLib Taxon profile — species Mastododera fallaciosa Villiers, 1982 This beetle is distributed on island of Madagascar.
Brachysomida vittigera is the species of the Lepturinae subfamily in long- horned beetle family.BioLib Taxon profile — species Brachysomida vittigera Linsley & Chemsak, 1972 This beetle is distributed in United States.
Brachysomida rugicollis is the species of the Lepturinae subfamily in long- horned beetle family.BioLib Taxon profile — species Brachysomida rugicollis Linsley & Chemsak, 1972 This beetle is distributed in United States.
Neanthophylax pubicollis is the species of the Lepturinae subfamily in long- horned beetle family.BioLib Taxon profile — species Neanthophylax pubicollis Linsley & Chemsak, 1972 This beetle is distributed in United States.
The tree is very rare in cultivation in the United States and Europe. There are no known cultivars of this taxon, nor is it known to be in commerce.
Nevertheless, a cladistic analysis found it to be basal to Peloneustes and other pliosaurids. An undescribed pliosaurid, NHMUK R2439, was found to be the sister taxon of this genus.
There are now about 34 species.Backlund, M., Bremer, B., & Thulin, M. (2007). Paraphyly of Paederieae, recognition of Putorieae and expansion of Plocama (Rubiaceae-Rubioideae). Taxon, 56(2), 315-328.
LanxangiaNewman MF, Škorničková J (2018) Taxon 67(1): 23. is an Asian genus of plants in the ginger family. Species have been recorded from southern China to Indo-China.
According to this study, which incorporates new rhizarian sequence data, support for the Halvaria grouping might be an artifact of low taxon sampling as well as long branch attraction.
Within Hordeum, there are 2 subgenera and 4 sections with 4 different genotypes. The clade that is the sister taxon to H. murinum is H. bulbosum and H. vulgare.
Typification of some species names in Zamia L. (Zamiaceae), with an assessment of the status of Chigua D. Stev. Taxon 58(1): 265. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Some of the earlier research published on Tarsius spectrum refers to the taxon that was recently reclassified and elevated to a separate species, the Gursky's spectral tarsier (Tarsius spectrumgurskyae).
Parasqualodon is an extinct genus of toothed whale from the Oligocene. It contains a single species, Parasqualodon wilkinsoni. It has been suggested that the taxon constitutes a nomen dubium.
Saurischia — Fossilium catalogus I, Animalia, Pars 87. 's-Gravenhage, W. Junk, 1939, 124 pages. In a 2016 study Michael W. Maisch considered Altispinax dunkeri to be a valid taxon.
Hemigrapsus crenulatus, the hairy-handed crab' or ''''', is a marine crab of the family Varunidae, endemic to the New Zealand coast, although a taxon in Chile may be conspecific.
In 2012, 43 species of bryophytes were inventoried, including Stellar calcareous moss (Mnium stellare), taxon considered as endangered on the Nord-Pas-de- Calais red regional list of bryophytes.
An alternative phylogeny of spermatophytes based on the work by Novíkov & Barabaš-Krasni 2015 with plant taxon authors from Anderson, Anderson & Cleal 2007 showing the relationship of extinct clades.
Palawan Council for Sustainable Development. Nepenthes palawanensis forms natural hybrids with a taxon resembling N. philippinensis.McPherson, S.R. & V.B. Amoroso 2011. Field Guide to the Pitcher Plants of the Philippines.
Amblyomma fimbriatum is a species of tick, a blood feeding parasite. The hosts include the goanna Varanus rosenbergi. A description nominating the taxon as Aponomma fimbriatum is also recognised.
218Ihsan Ali Al-Shehbaz, Suzanne I. Warwick. 2008. Proposal to conserve the name Teesdalia (Cruciferae) In:. Taxon 57(4):1357-1358. Shepherdscress is a common name for these plants.
Novon 12:546-550.Smith, A. R., K. M. Pryer, E. Schuettpelz, P. Korall, H. Schneider & P. Wolff. 2006. A classification for extant ferns. Taxon 55(3): 705–731.
Novon 12:546-550.Smith, A. R., K. M. Pryer, E. Schuettpelz, P. Korall, H. Schneider & P. Wolff. 2006. A classification for extant ferns. Taxon 55(3): 705–731.
Spondylurus is a genus of lizards in the family Scincidae. The genus Spondylurus, vernacularly known as the Antillean four-lined skinks, is a neotropical skink taxon including many species.
These points led Martin Cheek to propose D. longifolia for rejection as a species name in 1998. The proposal was accepted and the taxon listed as rejected in 1999.
Taxon Leuconostoc citrovorum (Hammer) Hucker and Pederson 1931 was rejected in 1971 as nomen dubium by the Judicial Commission of International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes (in Opinion 45).
Diplotaxodon apogon is a species of fish in the family Cichlidae. It is endemic to Lake Malawi. The IUCN regard this taxon as a junior synonym of Diplotaxodon ecclesi.
The taxon was first described as the section Parapolystichum of the genus Polystichum by Keyserling in 1873. It was raised to the rank of genus by Ching in 1940.
The grass belongs to Eragrostis, the most species rich genus within the subfamily Chloridoideae.Van den Borre, A., & Watson, L. (1994). The infrageneric classification of Eragrostis (Poaceae). Taxon, 383-422.
Wilhelm Peters described the spotted python in 1873. A new subspecies, A. m. brentonoloughlini was described by Hoser (2003). but this taxon is not considered valid by other herpetologists.
Pelorosaurus thus came to be a typical wastebasket taxon for any European sauropod of this period. However, in recent years much work has been done to rectify the confusion.
Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Chile. Gayana, Bot. 42: 1–157Biota of North America Program 2014 county distribution mapCalflora taxon report, University of California, Amblyopappus pusillus Hook. & Arn.
Since long branches can't possibly attract one another when only one is in the analysis, consistent taxon placement between treatments would indicate long branch attraction is not a problem.
The taxon is known from only one male and one female. When described, the specimens were claimed to originate from Kala Bula Hills or Kala Bala Hills, north Borneo.
Chromidina elegans was redescribed in 2016 from material in the collections of the Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle in Paris, and a neohapantotype and paraneohapantotypes were assigned to the taxon.
Faber & Faber, London. The true status of this taxon has been enigmatic since its description, as no additional material has been reported. Breure (1974)Breure A. S. H. (1974).
Leptosuchomorpha is a clade of phytosaurs. It is a node-based taxon defined as the last common ancestor of Leptosuchus studeri and Pseudopalatus pristinus and all of its descendants.
Before the discovery of Abyssomedon, all phylogenetic analyses including Säilä (2010) and Tsuji et al. (2012) recovered Nyctiphruretidae, which was represented solely by N. acudens, as the sister taxon of Procolophonia. However, the addition of Abyssomedon by MacDougall and Reisz (2014) to an updated version of the Tsuji et al. (2012) data-set, recovered a monophyletic Nyctiphruretidae, nested within Procolophonia as the sister taxon of Procolophonoidea - a clade formed by owenettids and procolophonids.
As a branch-based clade, Pseudosuchia is the sister taxon of another branch-based clade, the Avemetatarsalia. Avemetatarsalians are bird- line archosaurs, including pterosaurs and dinosaurs (the latter including birds). A different definition was suggested by Benton and Clark, 1988: the node-based taxon including the last common ancestor of Rauisuchidae and aetosaurs and all of its descendants. Benton and Clark also named a group called Crocodylotarsi, which includes most taxa now considered pseudosuchians.
Being a tooth- taxon, the true affinities of Euronychodon are hard to determine. The teeth are similar to the better-known Paronychodon, which may be a senior synonym. Paronychodon was originally described as similar to Zapsalis, another tooth taxon often considered synonymous with Richardoestesia (a possible dromaeosaurid). It later had many different identifications: as a coelurid, an ornithomimosaur, a dromaeosaurid, an archaeopterygid and a troodontid — though it could also be another kind of coelurosaurian theropod.
At present most, if not all, major authorities accept the split (SACC, the Clements check list, the Howard & Moore check list, etc.). It has been suggested that the mainly Central American taxon saturatus, which typically is considered a subspecies of P. striigularis, may deserve species status, in which case it would become the dusky hermit or Boucard's hermit (P. saturatus). The taxon adolphi is considered a junior synonym of saturatus by most authorities.
Arvinachelys bears most of the synapomorphies characteristic of Baenidae. It is described as a sister taxon to Hayemys; given the latter's position as a lazarus taxon basal to the rest of Baenidae, Arvinachelys' discovery extends its branch of the family tree back into the Campanian. However, Arvinachelys' discovery may indicate that a reevaluation of Baenidae as a whole is necessary, as several remains from the region have been reassigned to this genus.
This conflicts with the Columbea and Otidae hypotheses which Mirandornithes are the sister taxon to Columbimorphae and Cypselomorphae the sister taxon to Otidimorphae, respectively, found by Jarvis et al. (2014). Neither hypothesis supports the two subdivisions of Metaves and Coronoaves as previous studies had found. In 2020 Kuhl et al. sequenced 3-prime untranslated region (3’UTR) from 429 species and 379 genera of birds found support of Columbaves in their study.
In biostratigraphy, a local-range zone, topozone or teilzone (German teil = part + Greek zone) is the stratigraphic range of the rock unit between the first and last appearance datum of a particular taxon in a local area. It is a subset of the global biozone for that taxon. For the teilzone data to be meaningful, the local area must be identified. The term was coined in 1914 by German paleontologist and geologist Josef Felix Pompeckj.
Cockerell and his wife traveled to the United Kingdom in 1921. While there, they visited the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh where, according to himself in 1937, Isaac Bayley Balfour proved that the plant Primula ellisiae was a distinct species from P. rusbyi. He had named this taxon in honor of its discoverer, one of his students, Charlotte Cortlandt Ellis. However, at present this taxon is regarded as a synonym of P. rusbyi.
Rücklin (2011), on the other hand, places Pachyosteus as the most basal selenosteid, then groups the American genera (with Selenosteus grouped as the sister taxon of Gymnotrachelus and Stenosteus) as being the sister group of the remaining European/Kellwasserkalk genera, plus Draconichthys. Some experts imply that Selenosteidae is paraphyletic, as the genus Rhinosteus is often depicted in arthrodire cladograms as being the sister taxon to the Dinichthyloidea taxa Dinichthys (ne "Dinichthyidae"), Gorgonichthys, Heintzichthys, and Hadrosteidae.
Phylogenetic analyses show Caelestiventus as the sister taxon to Dimorphodon macronyx in the family Dimorphodontidae, which was defined by Britt and colleagues as the most inclusive clade containing of Caelestiventus hanseni and Dimorphodon macronyx, the only two genera recovered as dimorphodontids in their analyses. They also found that the purported Dimorphodon species 'D.' weintraubi is the sister taxon to Anurognathidae, and thus was outside of Dimorphodontidae as defined by Britt and colleagues.
This has led to a raging controversy about taxon sampling. Empirical, theoretical, and simulation studies have led to a number of dramatic demonstrations of the importance of adequate taxon sampling. Most of these can be summarized by a simple observation: a phylogenetic data matrix has dimensions of characters times taxa. Doubling the number of taxa doubles the amount of information in a matrix just as surely as doubling the number of characters.
The new clade (defined as Rinconsaurus and Muyelensaurus) was placed as the sister taxon of Aeolosaurini, which together grouped with Rapetosaurus as sister to Saltasauridae. In the same year, Calvo et al. published another paper, describing the basal titanosaur Futalognkosaurus. The only difference in the resulting phylogeny, based on the matrix of the Calvo, González-Riga & Porfiri (2007), was the addition of Futalognkosaurus as the sister taxon to Mendozasaurus in a clade Calvo et al.
Besides his academic positions, Schilthuizen works as an independent science communicator via his own company, Studio Schilthuizen. Recently, together with biospeleologist Iva Njunjić, he has begun the organisation Taxon Expeditions (and its nonprofit, Taxon Foundation), which organise field courses for citizen scientists to Borneo, Montenegro, Panama and other wild places, but also to urban centres like Amsterdam, and allows non-biologists to be involved in the discovery and naming of new species.
The more adult Einiosaurus individuals approached the Achelousaurus morphology. The differences between the two taxa would have been caused by heterochrony – differential changes in the speed the various traits developed during the lifetime of an individual. Since Wilson and colleagues found in 2020 that Stellasaurus (Horner's "Taxon A") was intermediate between Styracosaurus and Einiosaurus in morphology and stratigraphy, they could not discount that it was a transitional taxon within an anagenetic lineage.
In this tree, the highly unstable Ignotosaurus shifts to a polytomy with dinosaurs and other silesaurids, while Silesauridae starts with Lewisuchus at the base, followed by Soumyasaurus and Asilisaurus, and finally a clade containing all other silesaurids. This clade was named Sulcimentisauria by the authors of the paper. Removing Ignotosaurus, Soumyasaurus, and Technosaurus led to higher resolution within Silesauridae. Kwanasaurus was found to be the sister taxon to the other North American taxon, Eucoelophysis.
The Titanoecoidea or titanoecoids are a proposed taxon of araneomorph spiders at the superfamily rank. The taxon contains two families of spiders, Phyxelididae and Titanoecidae. Although some phylogenetic studies have shown these two families to form a clade, other studies have not, placing Titanoecidae outside the RTA clade while Phyxelididae is placed inside it. A 2011 classification of spider families leaves both Phyxelididae and Titanoecidae outside the RTA clade as "unplaced non-Orbiculariae families".
Baccharis malibuensis is a rare California species of shrubs in the aster family known by the common name Malibu baccharis.Calflora taxon report, University of California, Baccharis malibuensis Beauchamp & Henrickson Malibu baccharis It is endemic to southern California. It was first recognized as a distinct taxon in the Malibu Creek drainage in the Santa Monica Mountains near Malibu. Other populations have since been located in Ventura, Los Angeles, Orange, and San Diego Counties.
However, this is not to say that a taxon at any other rank may not be sharply defined, or that any species is guaranteed to be sharply defined. It varies from case to case. Ideally, a taxon is intended to represent a clade, that is, the phylogeny of the organisms under discussion, but this is not a requirement. A classification in which all taxa have formal ranks cannot adequately reflect knowledge about phylogeny.
The "Angeac ornthomimosaur" is an informal name given to an unnamed orthithomimosaur taxon known from an Early Cretaceous (previously thought to be Hauterivian-Barremian in age, but now thought to be Berriasian-Valanginian based on palynology) bone bed (part of the stratigraphy of the Aquitaine Basin) near Angeac in France. The taxon is toothless and is known from multiple individuals collectively covering much of the skeleton, some remains were described by Allain et al. (2014).
Aegialodontia is a clade of extinct early mammals, close to the origin of Boreosphenida. The clade includes some of the oldest known tribosphenic taxa, until the discovery of Tribactonodon from the Berriasian Durlston Formation in 2001, Aegialodon from the Valanginian Wadhurst Clay Formation was the oldest taxon with the tooth form. The Aptian to Albian taxon Kielantherium from Mongolia, formerly a synonym of Aegialodon, is also within the group, sister to Aegialodon within Aegialodontidae.
Leptorhabdium nitidum is the species of the Lepturinae subfamily in long- horned beetle family.BioLib Taxon profile — species Leptorhabdium nitidum Holzschuh, 1974 This beetle is distributed in Greece, and North Macedonia.
Noctileptura seriata is the species of the Lepturinae subfamily in long-horned beetle family.BioLib Taxon profile — species Noctileptura seriata Chemsak & Linsley, 1984 This beetle is distributed in Guatemala, and Honduras.
Desmocerus aureipennis is the species of the Lepturinae subfamily in long- horned beetle family.BioLib Taxon profile — species Desmocerus aureipennis Chevrolat, 1855 This species is distributed in United States and Canada.
The fiery squirrel (Sciurus flammifer) is a rodent in the family Sciuridae. The taxon is endemic to the area south of the Orinoco River in the state of Bolívar, Venezuela.
Anthophylax viridis is the species of the Lepturinae subfamily in long-horned beetle family.BioLib Taxon profile — species Anthophylax viridis LeConte, 1850 This beetle is distributed in Canada, and United States.
Anthophylax cyaneus is the species of the Lepturinae subfamily in long-horned beetle family.BioLib Taxon profile — species Anthophylax cyaneus (Haldeman, 1847) This beetle is distributed in Canada, and United States.
Evodinus monticola is the species of the Lepturinae subfamily in long-horned beetle family.BioLib Taxon profile — species Evodinus monticola (Randall, 1838) This beetle is distributed in Canada, and United States.
Brachyta punctata is the species of the Lepturinae subfamily in long-horned beetle family.BioLib Taxon profile — species Brachyta punctata (Faldermann, 1833) This beetle is distributed in China, Mongolia, and Russia.
Pidonia aurata is a species of the Lepturinae subfamily in the long-horned beetle family.BioLib Taxon profile — species Pidonia aurata (Horn, 1860) This beetle is distributed in the United States.
Pidonia densicollis is a species of the Lepturinae subfamily in the long- horned beetle family.BioLib Taxon profile — species Pidonia densicollis (Casey, 1914) This beetle is distributed in the United States.
The genus is currently defined to include Hyalinobatrachium fleischmanni and its closest relatives. Its sister taxon is Celsiella. Some species formerly in this genus are now in Vitreorana or Teratohyla.
Depending on authors, this taxon is either regarded as a subspecies of Fabriciana nerippe or as a distinct species (in which case it is called Fabriciana coreana or Argynnis coreana).
As the only bird taxon endemic to the Territory, the Cocos buff-banded rail has featured frequently on postage stamps issued by the Australian Government for the Cocos (Keeling) Islands.
One fossil taxon is known, Copromorpha fossilis Jarzembowski, 1980 from the "Bembridge Marls" of Isle of Wight, a rock formation of Oligocene age, about 35 million years old (Jarzembowski, 1980).
N.stenophylla, once again. Carnivorous Plant Mailing List, May 31, 1996. He suspects the taxon originally named as N. stenophylla may have later been named again as N. faizaliana.Schlauer, J. N.d.
Below is a cladogram following a topology by Pêgas et al. (2019). In the analyses, they recovered Targaryendraconia as the sister taxon of Anhangueria within the more inclusive group Ornithocheirae.
It was originally described by William Nylander as a species of Parmelia, from a collection made in Sri Lanka. Mason Hale transferred the taxon to the genus Parmotrema in 1974.
Atlas of Living Australia, Senecio glomeratus Desf. ex Poir., Cluster-headed FireweedBiota of North America Program 2014 county distribution mapCalflora taxon report, University of California, Senecio glomeratus Desf. ex Poir.
African striped squirrels (genus Funisciurus), or rope squirrels, form a taxon of squirrels under the subfamily Xerinae and the tribe Protoxerini. They are only found in western and central Africa.
Previously (for example WHO 1995) considered this taxon to be a subspecies of Bithynia siamensis, however, Bithynia funiculata is treated as a separate species in the 2012 IUCN Red List.
Wägele et al. (2014):Wägele H., Klussmann-Kolb A., Verbeek E. & Schrödl M. (2014). "Flashback and foreshadowing—a review of the taxon Opisthobranchia". Organisms Diversity & Evolution 14(1): 133–149.
This taxon, L. platei, is endemic to the Chilean Matorral ecoregion,Hogan & World Wildlife Fund 2013. in Atacama Region (Copiapó Province), Coquimbo Region, and Maule Region (Curicó Province).. www.reptile-database.org.
8: 297-300. (Python curtus brongersmai, new species, pp. 297-298). This taxon has since been elevated and recognised as a full species, Python brongersmai, by Pauwels et al. (2000).
Dorsal view of a Cominella virgata shell. A subspecies, Cominella virgata brookesi Powell, 1952 was formerly recognized, but the taxon was demonstrated to be genetically indistinguishable from C. virgata virgata.
Magnoteuthis is a genus of whip-lash squid containing at least three species. Some teuthologists consider Idioteuthis or Mastigoteuthis synonymous with this taxon, but it is genetically and morphologically distinct.
Retrieved on 2009-08-16.Fauna Europaea : Taxon Details. Retrieved on 2009-08-16. Found primarily in the Palearctic realm, this species was first classified by Henrik Steinmann in 1978.
Calliostoma katherina is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae, the calliostoma top snails. Some authors place this taxon in the subgenus Calliostoma (Benthastelena).
Living specimens of this taxon is conserving at Indian Botanic Garden, Howrah and at the Field Gene Bank of Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Thiruvananthapuram in India.
A second species, Poronidulus bivalvis, found in Bogor, was placed in the genus by Franz Xaver Rudolf von Höhnel in 1914. The actual identity of this taxon, however, is uncertain.
According to the authors of the taxon, the species name is from Greek exotikos, ‘from the outside, alien, foreign’ to mark the strange structure of the vagina of this species.
According to the authors of the taxon, the specific name, exoticoides, is based on the Latin exoticus, the name of a similar species (Pseudorhabdosynochus exoticus), plus the suffix –oides, resembling.
The study concluded that there is indeed a putative sister species of C. carcharias distinct from C. hastalis and proposed the taxon Carcharodon plicatilis for it, resolving the paraphyly issue.
Coeloria elegans is a species of uncertain validity (taxon inquirendum) of stony corals (Scleractinia). It was first described by Hermann Rehberg in 1891, from a specimen found in Rockhampton, Queensland.
Palaeontology 49 (5): 1035-1041. Undescribed fossil species of Argonauta related to this taxon have been temporarily designated Argonauta cf. tokunagai and Argonauta "tokunagai".Yanagisawa, Y. 1990. Bull. Geol. Surv.
Benny Bytebier, Dirk U. Bellstedt, and Hans Peter Linder. 2008. "A New Phylogeny-Based Sectional Classification for the Large African Orchid Genus Disa". Taxon 57(4):1233-1251. 19 pages.
In 2016, Ron Fine, the discoverer of Godzillus, published a study implicating that Godzillus might not be a new taxon and could instead have been a complex preservation of trilobites.
As there is no consensus as to the classification of Orthogonium, and as opinions range from crinoid to jellyfish, there is no way to describe the habits of this taxon.
Taxon 52(2), 295-98. Among the eucalypts, Angophora species were nicknamed "apples" by European settlers, who thought they resembled apple trees. Many are still known commonly as apples today.
Implications for the understanding of the evolution of an intriguing breeding strategy. Taxon 59: 125-133.Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies.
The false ark shells (Cucullaea) are a small genus of marine bivalve molluscs related to the ark clams. The genus is the only member of the family Cucullaeidae.CAAB taxon report.
The species name is derived from Greek anatole (meaning sunrise or east) and refers to the eastern distribution of this taxon, which contrasts with its western sister species Disphragis tricolor.
Calflora taxon report, University of California @ Berkeley: Calochortus leichtlinii (Leichtlin's Mariposa Lily, smokey mariposa)Flora of North America, Calochortus leichtlinii The small underground bulbs were eaten by the Native Americans.
Xylosteus bartoni is the species of the Lepturinae subfamily in long-horned beetle family.BioLib Taxon profile — species Xylosteus bartoni Mařan & Obenberger, 1933 This beetle is distributed in Bulgaria, and North Macedonia.
Mastododera lateralis is the species of the Lepturinae subfamily in long- horned beetle family.BioLib Taxon profile — species Mastododera lateralis (Guérin-Méneville, 1844) This beetle is distributed on the island of Madagascar.
Sub-taxa within any given taxon are arranged alphabetically as a general rule. Details of each species may be available through the relevant internal links. Synonyms may be listed where useful.
The results showed that the mountain nyala is sister taxon to kéwel (T. scriptus), sitatunga (T. spekii) and bongo (T. eurycerus) in the mitochondrial tree (phylogenetic relationships obtained using mitochondrial data).
Taxon 59(2): 538-558.V. Malécot, D. L. Nickrent, P. Baas, L. van den Oever, D. Lobreau-Callen (2004) A morphological cladistic analysis of Olacaceae. Systematic Botany 29: 569-586.
Taxon 63(2): 275–286 The only known species is Mosdenia leptostachys, native to Angola and Limpopo.Germishuizen, G. & Meyer, N.L. (eds.) (2003). Plants of Southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14.
Typical articles include matters of horticultural interest, field reports, literature reviews, and new taxon and cultivar descriptions. They are usually entirely in Japanese, although species descriptions may also be in English.
Hess, W. J. and J. C. Dice. (1995). Nolina cismontana (Nolinaceae), a new species name for an old taxon. Novon 5:2 162-4. The type specimen is from Trabuco Canyon.
Based on the descriptions provided by Warren and Turner, Ossinodus display more primitive features than Whatcheeriidae and Perperdes and thus could possibly be a sister taxon, older than the later two.
Given that it resembles modern worm lizards, the lacertoids most likely appeared and diversified in the Cretaceous. However, Berriasian taxon Purbicella may be a lacertoid, and would be the oldest known.
Myriopteris maxoniana is a species of cheilanthoid fern known only from one collection in Tamaulipas, Mexico. It closely resembles Myriopteris longipila and was not described as a distinct taxon until 2004.
Michael F. Fay and Mark W. Chase. 1996. "Resurrection of Themidaceae for the Brodiaea alliance, and recircumscription of Alliaceae, Amaryllidaceae, and Agapanthoideae". Taxon 45(3):441-451. (see External links below).
Cyathea affinis (M. Martens & Galeotti, 1842) also shares its name with this taxon, but cannot be attributed to any species. Young shoots of C. affinis are eaten in the Marquesas Islands.
"Handroanthus (Bignoniaceae): A critique". Taxon 21(1):113-114. In 1992, Gentry published a full taxonomic treatment of Tabebuia, in which he described 99 species and one hybrid for the genus.
Stapeliopsis is a genus of succulent plants in the family Apocynaceae, native to southern Africa.Bruyns, P. V. & P. I. Forster. 1991. Recircumscription of the Stapelieae (Asclepiadaceae). Taxon 40(3): 381–391.
Calliostoma granti, common name the multibeaded maurea, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae. Some authors place this taxon in the subgenus Calliostoma (Maurea).
Calliostoma legrandi is a species of small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae, the Calliostoma top snails. Some authors place this taxon in the subgenus Calliostoma (Fautor) .
Calliostoma soyoae, common name Soyo's top shell, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae. Some authors place this taxon in the subgenus Calliostoma (Tristichotrochus) .
Sub-taxa within any given taxon are arranged alphabetically as a general rule. Details of each species may be available through the relevant internal links. Synonyms may be listed where useful.
As pointed out by Fangfuk and colleagues, clarification of the proper name for this taxon must await analysis of A. hygrometricus var. koreanus specimens from the type locality in North Korea.
Sub-taxa within any given taxon are arranged alphabetically as a general rule. Details of each species may be available through the relevant internal links. Synonyms may be listed where useful.
Hybrid zones which show no regular transition from one taxon to the other, but rather a patchy distribution of parental forms and subpopulations with hybrid background, are termed mosaic hybrid zones.
The genus Heliamphora contains the most species in the Sarraceniaceae family and is joined by the cobra lily (Darlingtonia californica) and the North American pitcher plants (Sarracenia spp.) in that taxon.
Terminalia calamansanai,GRIN taxon: Terminalia calamansanai (Blanco) RolfeWikispecies: Terminalia calamansanai also spelled Terminalia calamansanay,Unresolved in The Plant List: Terminalia calamansanay Rolfe is a species of plant in the family Combretaceae.
The method performs poorly when used to select an outgroup taxon, to quantify the amount of phylogenetic signal present, or to identify taxa that may be prone to long branch attraction.
They included Quilmesaurus among the furileusaurians. Valieri et al. (2007) were unable to establish a single autapomorphy (distinctive or unique trait) of the taxon, concluding that Quilmesaurus were a nomen vanum.
Clarkina is an extinct genus of conodonts. It is considered to be an offshore, outer shelf or basinal, deep-water taxon. The genus name is a tribute to David Leigh Clark.
In addition, the family Ascaphidae is found in the Pacific Northwest and northern rocky mountains of the United States, and is only represented by two species. The taxon is considered paraphyletic.
Depiction of Coherent Cut Kinetics procedures for identifying a latent "taxon" with a 30% base rate. The "hitmax" interval distinguishing between the two categorical groups is shown with vertical dotted lines.
This taxon is one of two subspecies of the rural skipper, Pyrgus ruralis. The other subspecies, Pyrgus ruralis ruralis, occupies a much larger range stretching from British Columbia to Central California.
Sub-taxa within any given taxon are arranged alphabetically as a general rule. Details of each species may be available through the relevant internal links. Synonyms may be listed where useful.
"A classification for extant ferns." Taxon 55(3):705-731. (See External links below). In 2007, a molecular phylogenetic study of Dryopteridaceae included Pleocnemia and showed that it belongs in Dryopteridaceae.
Rakiura is a genus of Trichoptera (caddisfly). The genus contains only one species, R. vernale, which is endemic to New Zealand. Rakiura vernale represent the most basal taxon within the Helicopsychidae.
In 2014 Sassone also proposed resurrecting an older taxon, Leucocorynae to include six genera, Beauverdia (4 species), Ipheion s.s. (3 species), Leucocoryne s.l. (15 species), Nothoscordum (c. 20 species), Tristagma (c.
Sub-taxa within any given taxon are arranged alphabetically as a general rule. Details of each species may be available through the relevant internal links. Synonyms may be listed where useful.
The banded groundling is one of Africa's most familiar and abundant dragonflies. It has only recently been identified as being two separate species, B. leucosticta and the new taxon B. impartita.
This species' specific epithet venator is a Latin word translating as "hunter" referring to C. venators presumed position as an apex predator at or near the top of the food chain. Before Siverson's description of Cardabiodon, its teeth have been described in the past under two now-synonymous taxa. The original description was made in 1957 by Soviet paleontologist Leonid Glickman, where he described the taxon Pseudoisurus tomosus based on four teeth from the Saratov Oblast. Earlier in 1894, Sir Arthur Smith Woodward described an association of twenty-five teeth from Cretaceous chalk around Maidstone, England under the taxon 'Lamna appendiculata' (Cretalamna appendiculata), which in 1977 paleontologist Jaques Herman found actually pertain to a new species and erected the taxon Cretolamna woodwardi.
They found two equally plausible hypotheses for the least inclusive position of Luperosuchus; one as a sister taxon to both Saurosuchus and Prestosuchus, and another as a sister taxon to Saurosuchus, the former of which is reproduced here: A study on new Chañares vertebrates (including new specimens of Tarjadia) published in 2017 incorporated Luperosuchus and several other suchians into an archosauromorph dataset used by Ezcurra (2016). This study found Luperosuchus as the sister taxon to Decuriasuchus based on a prominent vertical peg on the supraoccipital bone of the braincase. The Luperosuchus + Decuriasuchus clade was found outside of a more restrictive Paracrocodylomorpha, crownward of Ticinosuchus and stemward of Prestosuchus. Nesbitt & Desojo (2017) was one of several phylogenetic analyses combined together during the course of Da-Silva et al.
A monophyletic taxon (in yellow): the group of "reptiles and birds", contains its most recent common ancestor and all descendants of that ancestor. A paraphyletic taxon (in cyan): the group of reptiles, contains its most recent common ancestor, but does not contain all the descendants (namely Aves) of that ancestor. A polyphyletic "group" (in red): the group of all warm- blooded animals (Aves and Mammalia), does not contain the most recent common ancestor of all its members; this group is not seen as a taxonomic unit and is not considered a taxon by modern systematists. In cladistics for a group of organisms, monophyly is the condition of being monophyletic—that is, a group of taxa that share a common ancestry.
In zoological nomenclature, author citation refers to listing the person (or team) who first makes a scientific name of a taxon available. This is done in a scientific publication while fulfilling the formal requirements under the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, hereinafter termed "the Code". According to the Code, "the name of the author does not form part of the name of a taxon and its citation is optional, although customary and often advisable" (Article 51.1), however Recommendation 51A suggests: "The original author and date of a name should be cited at least once in each work dealing with the taxon denoted by that name. This is especially important in distinguishing between homonyms and in identifying species-group names which are not in their original combinations".
Crocodylotarsi was defined as an apomorphy-based taxon based on the presence of a "crocodile-normal" ankle joint (considered to be the defining apomorphy of the clade). Gauthier's Pseudosuchia, by contrast, was a stem-based taxon. Unlike Gauthier's tree, Benton and Clark's places Euparkeria outside Ornithosuchia and outside the crown group Archosauria altogether. The clades Crurotarsi and Ornithodira were first used together in 1990 by paleontologist Paul Sereno and A.B. Arcucci in their phylogenetic study of archosaurs.
The legs of insects and myriapods are uniramous. In crustaceans, the first antennae are uniramous, but the second antennae are biramous, as are the legs in most species. For a time, possession of uniramous limbs was believed to be a shared, derived character, so uniramous arthropods were grouped into a taxon called Uniramia. It is now believed that several groups of arthropods evolved uniramous limbs independently from ancestors with biramous limbs, so this taxon is no longer used.
The C. escheri holotype tooth was first placed by Agassiz (1843) in the taxon Carcharodon escheri. However, on an earlier page and figure in the same publication he named a pathological tooth of the same species Carcharodon subserratus. In 1927, Leriche revised the taxon as a variation Oxyrhina hastalis var. escheri. In 1961, Kruckow deemed the shark as a subspecies rather than a variation of the then Isurus hastalis and renamed it as Isurus hastalis escheri.
National Museum of Canada Bulletin 123:225-255 In 1996, Chinnery and Weishampel conducted a phylogenetic analysis of basal neoceratopsians which showed that the "protoceratopsidae" was a polyphyletic group (i.e. not a valid taxon) and designated Montanoceratops as the most advanced basal neoceratopsian. In 2001, Mackovicky, concluded that Montanoceratops belonged to the taxon Leptoceratopsidae, and defined this group as consisting of Leptoceratops gracilis and all species closer to Leptoceratops than to Triceratops horridus. A study by Ryan et al.
The taxon barroni is found in central and southeastern Thailand and southern Laos. The taxon candidula is found in Myanmar, northern Thailand, and northeastern India (at least eastern Arunachal Pradesh, eastern Assam and Nagaland). Individuals in eastern Bangladesh are similar in their appearance, if not the same. Members of the barroni–candidula subspecies group are chestnut-brown above with the central parts, from the nape to the rump, with many whitish hairs resulting in a grizzled appearance.
Referred premaxilla Vivaron was found to be a member of Rauisuchidae by Lessner et al. 2016 in their phylogenetic analysis, with no changes to the relationships of pseudosuchians found in a previous analysis (Nesbitt, 2011). The analysis recovered Rauisuchidae as monophyletic but completely unresolved, with all six species in a polytomy. Surveys of the interrelationships within Rauisuchidae found P. kirkpatricki as the sister taxon of Polonosuchus, and Rauisuchus as the sister taxon to the rest of Rauisuchidae.
By the time Alex George published his revision of Dryandra in 1996, the rules of botanical nomenclature mandated that any infrageneric taxon that contained the type species of the genus be given an autonym. Thus D. sect. Eudryandra was treated as illegitimate, and when George published essentially the same taxon at subgenus rank, it was instead named D. subg. Dryandra. This was by far the largest of George's three subgenera, containing all but three Dryandra species.
A name had to be found for various Permian and Triassic reptiles no longer included in the anapsids, and "parareptiles" was chosen. However, they did not feel confident enough to erect Parareptilia as a formal taxon. Their cladogram was as follows: Laurin and Reisz 1995 found a different cladogram, in which Reptilia were divided into Parareptilia (now a formal taxon they defined as "Testudines and all amniotes more closely related to them than to diapsids.") and Eureptilia.
As a result of these recent findings in molecular biology, the label mesozoan is now often applied informally, rather than as a formal taxon. Some workers previously classified Mesozoa as the sole phylum of the lonely subkingdom Agnotozoa. Cavalier-Smith argued that at least some of the mesozoans are in fact protistans, not animals. In the 19th century, the Mesozoa were a wastebasket taxon for multicellular organisms which lacked the invaginating gastrula which was thought to define the Metazoa.
Though Carnivora is a taxon for species classification, no such equivalent exists for omnivores, as omnivores are widespread across multiple taxonomic clades. The Carnivora order does not include all carnivorous species, and not all species within the Carnivora taxon are carnivorous. (The members of Carnivora are formally referred as carnivorans.) It is common to find physiological carnivores consuming materials from plants or physiological herbivores consuming material from animals, e.g. felines eating grass and deer eating birds.
1994) stated that although current published mollusk checklists (Turgeon et al. 1988 and Groombridge 1993) treat the Kanab ambersnail at species level rather that as a subspecies, nonetheless, until the criteria are derived (and published) by which the taxon can be known to be a separate species, it should continue to be called by its original name, the one published by Pilsbry (1948): Oxyloma haydeni spp. kanabensis. Despite this, NatureServe does list this taxon as a species.
The taxon was first given a scientific name in 1936 by H. W. Pugsley; he described plants found in Britain and Ireland as Orchis majalis subsp. traunsteinerioides (Orchis majalis being the name used at the time for the species now called Dactylorhiza majalis). In 1940, Pugsley raised it from a subspecies to the full species Orchis traunsteineriodes. The marsh-orchids were later separated as the genus Dactylorhiza, and in 1947 Pieter Vermeulen first transferred the taxon to Dactylorhiza traunsteineriodes.
Hou assigned Confuciusornis to the Confuciusornithidae in 1995. At first he assumed it was a member of the Enantiornithes and the sister taxon of Gobipteryx. Later he understood that Confuciusornis was not an enantiornithean but concluded it was the sister taxon of the Enantiornithes, within a larger Sauriurae. This was heavily criticised by Chiappe who regarded Sauriurae to be paraphyletic as there were insufficient shared traits that indicated that the Confuciusornithidae and the Enantiornithes were closely related.
Furthermore, they reported the discovery of material referable to Saurosphargis from the Lower Muschelkalk of Winterswijk, Netherlands, that is under preparation. Saurosphargis and Sinosaurosphargis were included in a phylogenetic analysis, and were recovered in a monophyletic Saurosphargidae which was found to be the sister taxon of Thalattosauriformes. Sauropterygia was recovered as the sister taxon of their combined group, with a clade formed by Eusaurosphargis and Helveticosaurus in a position basal to it. In 2014, Li et al.
Stomatocyst microfossils are used in the study of lake paleontology. When comparing bristle formation of species Mallomonas muskokana with the Eocene fossil taxon Mallomonas dispar, it was found that the asymmetrical pattern observed was identical to the extant species. The Eocene Epoch is a part of the Paleogene Period, occurring about 56 to 33.9 million years ago. Studies with this fossil taxon would suggest that parts of its morphology have been retained up to the present.
The discovery of the Laotian rock rat means an 11 million-year gap exists in the fossil record where no diatomyids have been found. Dawson et al. described the Diatomyidae as a Lazarus taxon due to this gap. The only other mammal Lazarus taxon with a comparable time gap between it and its most recently known fossil relative is the monito del monte, which is part of a marsupial family (Microbiotheriidae) also most recently known from Miocene deposits.
TMP 2002.76.1, which may be a specimen of Achelousaurus, Pachyrhinosaurus, or a new taxon, in the Royal Tyrrell Museum In addition to fossils that have been unequivocally assigned to Achelousaurus, some other material has been found of which the identity is uncertain. A centrosaurine ceratopsid specimen with bosses from the Dinosaur Park Formation (specimen TMP 2002.76.1) found in 1996 was suggested to belong to a new taxon in 2006, but may instead belong to Achelousaurus or Pachyrhinosaurus.
Under the former system, a name for an asexually reproducing fungus was considered a form taxon. For example, the ubiquitous and industrially important mold, Aspergillus niger, has no known sexual cycle. Thus Aspergillus niger is considered a form taxon. In contrast, isolates of its close relative, Aspergillus nidulans, revealed it to be the anamorphic stage of a teleomorph (the ascocarp or fruiting body of the sexual reproductive stage of a fungus), which was already named Emericella nidulans.
Metriorhynchinae is a stem-based taxon defined in 2009 as the most inclusive clade consisting of Metriorhynchus geoffroyii, but not Geosaurus giganteus. Rhacheosaurini is a stem-based taxon and it was named and defined by Mark T. Young, Mark A. Bell and Stephen L. Brusatte in 2011 as the most inclusive clade including Rhacheosaurus gracilis, but not Metriorhynchus geoffroyii and Gracilineustes leedsi. The cladogram below follows the topology from the analysis by Young, et al. 2020.
2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 5 February 2009. Following the 2006 SACC assessment which listed this species as dubious taxon BirdLife International removed the red-throated wood rail from the list of extinct species in 2009 as it might be either a badly prepared specimen of the grey-cowled wood rail A. cajanea or a subspecies of the brown wood rail A. wolfi.Red-throated Wood-rail Aramides guttularis: this extinct taxon is no longer recognised.
Such a -tree usually model a phylogenetic tree, where the elements of (the taxon set) could represent species, individual organisms, DNA sequences, or other biological objects. Two -trees and are said to be isomorphic when there exists a graph isomorphism between them which preserves the leaf labels. In the case of rooted -trees, the isomorphism must also preserves the root. Given a -tree and a taxon subset , the minimal subtree of that connects all leaves in is denoted by .
Colin Tudge wrote: > Mammals are a clade, and therefore the cladists are happy to acknowledge the > traditional taxon Mammalia; and birds, too, are a clade, universally > ascribed to the formal taxon Aves. Mammalia and Aves are, in fact, subclades > within the grand clade of the Amniota. But the traditional class Reptilia is > not a clade. It is just a section of the clade Amniota: the section that is > left after the Mammalia and Aves have been hived off.
Theloderma moloch is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae. It is found in northeastern India (Arunachal Pradesh and Assam) and adjacent Tibet, China, possibly wider. Taxonomic placement of this taxon has been a source of much debate, possibly because of wrong tissue was used for it in a molecular study—with ramifications for the taxonomy of whole Theloderma and its sister taxon Nyctixalus. Theloderma moloch is an arboreal frog associated with tropical forest and shrubland.
A population once described as subspecies Nyctophilus timoriensis major, placed with Nyctophilus timoriensis, a taxon which was revised and separated when it was found to contain cryptic species. The first description was published by John Edward Gray in 1844. A revision of the genus in 2009 elevated the taxon to species. A treatment describing subspecies separates a population as Nyctophilus major tor, which had been referred to as the "central long-eared bat Nyctophilus sp. 1".
According to Balakrishnan and Rao (1983) this taxon was known only from its type collection. Mimusops andamanensis remained as an exclusive endemic of the Andaman Islands until the taxon has been recognized from Sri Lanka in 2001 indicating its disjunct distribution in far off insular habitats from Andaman Islands in the Bay of Bengal. Mathew et al. reported this species from the Little Andaman Island in 2014 after the type collection in 1892 and collected seeds (Mathew et al.
The spermatophytes, also known as phanerogams (taxon Phanerogamae) or phaenogams (taxon Phaenogamae), comprise those plants that produce seeds, hence the alternative name seed plants. They are a subset of the embryophytes or land plants. The term phanerogams or phanerogamae is derived from the Greek , meaning "visible", in contrast to the cryptogamae from Greek = "hidden" together with the suffix , , "to marry". These terms distinguished those plants with hidden sexual organs (cryptogamae) from those with visible sexual organs (phanerogamae).
Acmaeops brachyptera is the species of the Lepturinae subfamily in long-horned beetle family.BioLib Taxon profile — species Acmaeops brachyptera K. Daniel & J. Daniel, 1899 This beetle is distributed in China, and Kazakhstan.
Pseudogaurotina cressoni is a species of the Lepturinae subfamily in the long- horned beetle family.BioLib Taxon profile — species Pseudogaurotina cressoni (Bland, 1864) This beetle is distributed in Canada, and the United States.
Pidonia quadrata is a species of the Lepturinae subfamily in the long-horned beetle family.BioLib Taxon profile — species Pidonia quadrata (Hopping, 1931) This beetle is distributed in Canada, and the United States.
Gray) Strother, Sida. 11: 377. 1986. Biota of North America Program 2014 county distribution mapCalflora taxon report, Adenophyllum porophylloides (A. Gray) Strother San Felipe dogweed, San felipe dyssodia Turner, B. L. 1996.
In 1997 Joseph Halda thought this taxon not worthy of full species status and reduced it to P. emodi subsp. sterniana. This view however is not supported in the most recent literature.
Previously, the taxon has been included with the Funariales or the Splachnales. However, characteristics of the protonemata and asexual propagation, along with molecular evidence, point to a closer relationship with the Tetraphidaceae.
Iraniella is a fungal genus in the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis). The genus contains the single species Iraniella rechingeri.
Taxon 53: 383–390. though a few authorities still retain the genus within Rhamnus (e.g. the Flora of China). The genus name Frangula, from Latin "to break", refers to the brittle wood.
If populations are discovered, the Planning Branch states that the local habitat needs to be protected from modification and potential collecting, and some kind of monitoring for this taxon should be initiated.
Albach, D. C., Soltis, D. E., Chase, M. W., and Soltis, P. S. (2001). Phylogenetic placement of the enigmatic angiosperm Hydrostachys. Taxon 50, 781-805. Phylogenetic placement of Hydrostachys is particularly problematic.
Belone euxini is a species of needlefish which is endemic to the Black Sea, Sea of Azov and Sea of Marmara. Many authorities treat this taxon as a subspecies of Belone belone.
An additional fourth undescribed taxon, known from Mount Sorik Merapi in Sumatra, may also fall within N. gymnamphora.Clarke, C.M. 2001. Nepenthes of Sumatra and Peninsular Malaysia. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu.
"Species taxon summary. fasciola Draparnaud, 1801 described in Helix". AnimalBase, last change 2008-10-18, accessed 2018-11-11. This error could happen if Draparnaud did not know origin of imported shells.
Calliostoma formosense, common name the Formosa top shell, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae. Some authors place this taxon in the subgenus Calliostoma (Benthastelena).
In 1938, Paul Aellen promoted the variety to subspecies rank. At the same time, the inexplicably published Atriplex paludosa var. typica for this taxon, a name that is invalid, illegal and superfluous.
Calliostoma zietzi, common name the Zietz top shell, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae. Some authors place this taxon in the subgenus Calliostoma (Fautor) .
An intraspecific taxon of A. vitis has been isolated from banana leaves in China. A. vitis may also infect tomato plants, and has been shown to cause leaf panel collapse in tobacco.
The generic name originates from the Greek eos (dawn, east) prefixed to the generic stem Opostega, in reference to the extreme eastern palearctic distribution of this taxon. It is feminine in gender.
Alwyn H. Gentry. 1969. "Tabebuia, the tortuous history of a generic name (Bignoniaceae)". Taxon 18(6):635-642. Among the Indigenous peoples in Brazil, similar names exist for various species of Tabebuia.
Digitonthophagus is a genus of Scarabaeidae or scarab beetles in the superfamily Scarabaeoidea. It was considered a subgenus of Onthophagus by some authorities. A review of the taxon was published in 2017.
Combined analysis of morphological and molecular characters places Efferia pogonias in a clade corresponding to the subfamily Asilinae, usually with Proctacanthus philadelphicus as sister taxon and always resolving this subfamily as monophyletic.
A recombinational hybrid taxon typically also has a substantial proportion of the genome derived from the donor of introgressed material, although variation exists both between taxa and within lineages of hybrid taxa.
The bones have largely been three-dimensionally preserved, with little compression, and represent a subadult individual. Additional material from the same bonebed was assigned to the taxon as paratypes and referred material.
Overall, the similarity in expression of these proteins in the cornea and lens, both in abundance and taxon-specificity, supports the idea of co- evolution of lens and cornea through gene sharing.
Retrieved 9 February 2013.Calflora taxon report, University of Calilfornia @ Berkeley, Calochortus plummerae. Retrieved 9 February 2013. It is a member of the chaparral, grasslands, and lower montane coniferous forest plant communities.
Amphibulima rubescens has been reported by various workers from Guadeloupe, Marie-Galante, Dominica and Martinique. It is assumed now that this taxon is endemic to Martinique and all other reports are misidentifications.
Species in this taxon infect crustaceans. They are spread by the orofaecal route. The trophozoites inhabit the gut lumen. They are cylindrical in shape with folds along the surface of the cell.
Apterotoxitiades is a genus of the Dorcasominae subfamily in long-horned beetle family, containing the single species Apterotoxitiades vivesi.BioLib Taxon profile — species Apterotoxitiades vivesi Adlbauer, 2008 This beetle is distributed in South Africa.
Neanthophylax mirificus is the species of the Lepturinae subfamily in long- horned beetle family.BioLib Taxon profile — species Neanthophylax mirificus (Bland, 1865) This beetle is distributed in United States, and on Costa Rica island.
Pseudogaurotina abdominalis is a species of the Lepturinae subfamily in the long-horned beetle family.[ BioLib] Taxon profile — species Pseudogaurotina abdominalis (Bland, 1862) This beetle is distributed in United States, and the Canada.
In: Wilson, D. E. & D. M. Reeder (Eds). 2005. Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.), Johns Hopkins University Press. Some authors describe many subspecies of this taxon.
Filasterea was found to be the sister-group to the clade composed of Metazoa and Choanoflagellata within the Opisthokonta, a finding that has been further corroborated with additional, more taxon-rich, phylogenetic analyses.
In 1961 Helen K. Sharsmith produced a definitive study of Hesperolinon, with the result that this taxon clearly merited genus standing; moreover, she also returned Marin Dwarf Flax, H. congestum to species status.
It was described as a new species in 2014. The holotype had been collected in 1985 in Kenya. It is a sister taxon to the African yellow bat (S. dinganii) and Scotophilus trujilloi.
Roussoëllopsis is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis). The genus was named after Marietta Hannon Rousseau.
Lopholeptosphaeria is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The familial placement of this taxon is unknown (incertae sedis). The genus was circumscribed by Manuel Emmanuele de Sousa da Câmara in 1932.
This implies that the characteristic broad temporal bar and absent pineal foramen of Thliptosaurus were not simply the result of taphonomic distortion, and are indeed genuine diagnostic characteristics of a distinct kingoriid taxon.
One study of pollen suggested that Hoplestigma might be related to the family Ehretiaceae.Joan W. Nowicke and James S. Miller. 1989. "Pollen morphology and the relationships of Hoplestigmataceae". Taxon 38(1):12-16.
Oromycter is the oldest and most basal caseid known, and is the sister taxon of all other caseids. Below is a cladogram based on the phylogenetic analysis of Maddin et al. in 2008.
It was previously named in honour of French mycologist René Maire by Rolf Singer in 1929, but found to be the same taxon as the earlier 1920 Russula nobilis, which has naming priority.
Iodotropheus declivitas is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Malawi. This species can reach a length of SL. This taxon is regarded as a junior synonym of Iodotropheus sprengerae by some authorities.
"Gerrardinaceae: a new family of African flowering plants unresolved among Brassicales, Huerteales, Malvales, and Sapindales." Taxon 55(4):959-964. Tapisciaceae has two genera, Tapiscia and Huertea.Klaus Kubitzki. 2003. "Tapisciaceae" pages 369-370.
Taxon 59(1):125-133. Many of the species are found in coastal habitats. The species of Volkameria are mostly shrubs, sometimes subshrubs or lianas, rarely small trees. The stems have swollen nodes.
Heterixalus is a genus of frogs in the family Hyperoliidae. The genus is endemic to Madagascar. It is the sister taxon of Tachymenis. Common name Madagascar reed frogs has been coined for them.
2015Deinandra mohavensis. Flora of North America.Calflora taxon report, University of California, Deinandra mohavensis (Keck) B.G. Baldwin, Mojave tarplant It grows in moister areas in chaparral and riparian zone habitat.Hemizonia mohavensis The Nature Conservancy.
Wakinosaurus (meaning "Wakino lizard") is a genus of theropod dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous (Hauterivian-Barremian) Sengoku Formation of Kyushu, Japan. The genus is a tooth taxon, based solely on a single tooth.
They included a phylogenetic analysis which placed Chindesaurus as a basal theropod. It was specifically found to be the sister taxon of Tawa hallae, a theropod known from Ghost Ranch in New Mexico.
"Evolution and biogeography of the austral genus Phyllocladus (Podocarpaceae)". Journal of Biogeography 31(10):1569-1577. two more recent molecular phylogenetic analyses have placed Phyllocladus within Podocarpaceae as a sister taxon to Lepidothamnus.
However, the Amphibian Species of the World follows Pyron and Wiens (2011) in recognizing this taxon as a subfamily. However, AmphibiaWeb includes leiuperinid genera in the Leptodactylidae, without recognizing them as a subfamily.
Sphaenorhynchus has been suggested to be the sister taxon of the clade Scarthyla + Scinax. Faivovich and colleagues (2005) placed it in the tribe Dendropsophini, together with Dendropsophus, Lysapsus, Pseudis, Scarthyla, Scinax, and Xenohyla.
Guynesomia is a genus of Chilean flowering plants in the aster tribe within the sunflower family.Bonifacino, Mauricio & Sancho, Gisela. 2004. Taxon 53(3): 675–678, figures 1–3, 4 [map.]Tropicos, Guynesomia Bonif.
Lobb was born in 1809 at Lane End, Washaway near Bodmin Cornwall and offline Taxon, Vol. 41, No. 3 (Aug., 1992), pp. 471-475. and spent his early life at Egloshayle, near Wadebridge.
Bionta is a defunct taxon created by Lee Barker Walton in 1930, to denominate all the living beings. It was divided up into three subkingdoms; Protistodeae, Metaphytodeae (multicellular plants), and Zoodeae (multicellular animals).
Front view of skull Prenocephale is a member of the Pachycephalosauria, a large clade of herbivorous/omnivorous dinosaurs from the Late Cretaceous. Robert Sullivan considered Foraminacephale, "Prenocephale" edmontonensis, and Sphaerotholus goodwini to form a clade with the Asian taxon P. prenes. He considered Tylocephale the sister taxon to the Prenocephale clade, while sinking Sphaerotholus buchholtzae as a subjective junior synonym of "P." edmontonensis. They all possess a distinct row of nodes on the squamosal and parietal areas of the skull roof.
However, in biological nomenclature, the Latin suffix -ensis is used only to honor localities and the name has since been revised to include the more correct -i suffix, used to honor male individuals. Abrosaurus dongpoi is now the accepted name for this taxon. The holotype, or original specimen, of Abrosaurus is a fossil skull which is nearly complete and very well preserved. A fragmentary skull and a skeleton have also been referred to this taxon but published description is lacking.
Like other Drosera, the leaves of this taxon are reddish and circular, covered in carnivorous glands that allow it to capture and digest various types of arthropods. The reddish leaves grow in whorls around the erect stems of the plant. Unlike some members of the genus, the circular leaves of D. monticola are incapable of folding onto any prey that they catch. The flowering form of this taxon blooms from October to November, producing a glabrous raceme with terminal pink flowers.
Upeneichthys lineatus was first formally described as Mullus surmuletus lineatus by Marcus Elieser Bloch and Johann Gottlob Schneider in 1801. The taxon Upeneichthys porosus was first described in 1829 as Upeneus porosus by Georges Cuvier from the Bay of Plenty in New Zealand and some authorities regard this as a valid species found around New Zealand, the Kermadec Islands and Norfolk Island. Other authorities treat U. porosus as a valid taxon but as a subsepceis of U. lineatus, U.l. porosus.
Amphiaspidida is traditionally regarded as the sister-taxon or daughter-taxon of the cyathaspidid family Ctenaspidae (ne "Ctenaspididae"), though no formal shared traits are identified between the two groups. The ctenaspidid cyathaspid, Boothiaspis, of Lower Devonian Canada, was initially described as an amphiaspid. As mentioned earlier, Amphiaspidida is treated as either a suborder of Cyathaspidiformes, or as an order in its own right, sometimes referred to as "Amphiaspidiformes." Regardless of its own status, Amphiaspidida is divided into three superfamilies, Amphiaspidoidei, Hibernaspidoidei, and Siberiaspidoidei.
Cf. can also be used to express a possible identity, or at least a significant resemblance, such as between a newly observed specimen and a known species or taxon. Such a usage might suggest a specimen's membership of the same genus or possibly of a shared higher taxon. For example, in the note ", cf. '", the author is confident of the order and family (Diptera: Tabanidae) but can only suggest the genus (Tabanus) and has no information favouring a particular species.
He noted that C. arnensis of Europe showed striking similarities to C. priscolatrans, and they could represent what once was a Holarctic population of coyotes. In 1993, the Italian paleontologist Lorenzo Rook identified a new taxon dating from the end of the Villafranchian. It was found at the Mediterranean sites of Venta Micena, Pirro Nord, Le Vallonet, Cueva Victoria, Huescar-1, Colle Curti, Cúllar de Baza-1, L’Escale, Petralona, and the Israeli site of Oubeidiyah. The taxon was named Canis aff.
This taxon was moved to Acacia minuta by R.Mitchel Beauchamp in 1980. Beauchamp also subsumed A. smallii under A. minuta subsp. densiflora, although this wasn't widely followed. Acacia smallii was used in the United States for the 'native' A. farnesiana growing in the drylands west of Louisiana, but at the same time the taxon A. farnesiana was recognised in the United States for purportedly imported non-native plants originally cultivated in the southeastern United States as ornamentals and later thought naturalised there.
Since then, systematists continue to construct accurate classifications encompassing the diversity of life; today, a "good" or "useful" taxon is commonly taken to be one that reflects evolutionary relationships. Many modern systematists, such as advocates of phylogenetic nomenclature, use cladistic methods that require taxa to be monophyletic (all descendants of some ancestor). Their basic unit, therefore, is the clade rather than the taxon. Similarly, among those contemporary taxonomists working with the traditional Linnean (binomial) nomenclature, few propose taxa they know to be paraphyletic.
A phylogenetic tree: both blue and red groups are monophyletic. The green group is paraphyletic because it is missing a monophyletic group (the blue group) that shares a common ancestor—the lowest green vertical stem. A cladogram of the primates, showing a monophyletic taxon: the simians (in yellow); a paraphyletic taxon: the prosimians (in cyan, including the red patch); and a polyphyletic group: the night-active primates, i.e., the lorises and the tarsiers (in red) A cladogram of the vertebrates showing phylogenetic groups.
A phylogenetic analysis placed Asteriornis near the base of Galloanserae, an expansive superorder containing birds such as chickens, ducks, pheasants, and other types of fowl and gamebirds. The precise placement varied based on whether the analysis used parsimony or Bayesian protocol. Parsimony placed it as the sister taxon to Galloanserae, meaning that it was a distant relative of the last common ancestor of chickens and ducks. Bayesian protocol instead placed it within Galloanserae, specifically as the sister taxon to Galliformes.
The genus Macroneuropteris is used in some cases as a leaf organ taxon to refer to just the foliage of these trees. And in other cases, it is used to refer to the entire tree. The genus is associated with the stems and trunks of the wood organ taxon Medullosa noei. Together these fossils describe parts of a medullosalean seed fern tree that was likely about 8–10 meters tall with an upright trunk with large compound frond-like leaves.
In 1965, American paleontologist E.C. Olson described the first and only middle Permian dissorophid from North America, Fayella chickashaensis, on the basis of an isolated braincase and isolated fragments. A large postcranial skeleton from a different locality was referred to this taxon by Olson in 1972. In 1966, American paleontologist Robert E. DeMar named a new taxon, "Longiscitula houghae" from the early Permian of Texas; this is now regarded as a junior synonym of Dissorophus multicinctus by British paleontologist Andrew Milner.
In 2002, orphometric analyses of skulls also indicate that the red wolf is likely not to be a gray wolf–coyote hybrid (Nowak 2002). Therefore, while the red wolf's taxonomic status remains unclear, there is mounting evidence to support C. rufus as a unique canid taxon. Classifying animals commonly referred to as "eastern coyotes" or "northeastern coyotes" has become a problem for taxonomists, as it is unclear what new taxon will be used to refer to this new population of animals.
Unique to the islands, the ancestors of the St Kilda's field mouse are believed to have arrived on the ships of Viking settlers. The taxon was first described in 1899 by Gerald Edwin Hamilton Barrett-Hamilton as the separate species Apodemus hirtensis. A year later in a specific review of mouse species the taxon was reclassified as a subspecies of the wood mouse Apodemus sylvaticus. Studies of the mouse populations on the islands were carried out in 1931, 1939 and 1955.
High levels of morphological variation within the species indicates that it is a composite of a number of distinct forms. The description for this species was published by Oldfield Thomas in 1915. The taxon emerged from the author's reëxamination of the genus Nyctophilus, seen as allied to his description of a new genus Pharotis. The taxon was recognised as a species by Tom Iredale and Troughton, but later authors assigned it as a synonym or subspecies of Nyctophilus bifax or Nyctophilus gouldi.
Type specimen for Marocaster coronatus - Muséum de Toulouse In biology, a type is a particular specimen (or in some cases a group of specimens) of an organism to which the scientific name of that organism is formally attached. In other words, a type is an example that serves to anchor or centralize the defining features of that particular taxon. In older usage (pre-1900 in botany), a type was a taxon rather than a specimen. A taxon is a scientifically named grouping of organisms with other like organisms, a set that includes some organisms and excludes others, based on a detailed published description (for example a species description) and on the provision of type material, which is usually available to scientists for examination in a major museum research collection, or similar institution.
When identifying material, a scientist attempts to apply a taxon name to a specimen or group of specimens based on his or her understanding of the relevant taxa, based on (at least) having read the type description(s), preferably also based on an examination of all the type material of all of the relevant taxa. If there is more than one named type that all appear to be the same taxon, then the oldest name takes precedence, and is considered to be the correct name of the material in hand. If on the other hand the taxon appears never to have been named at all, then the scientist or another qualified expert picks a type specimen and publishes a new name and an official description. This process is crucial to biological taxonomy.
Noble is the taxon author of 20 new species of reptiles."Noble". The Reptile Database. www.reptile-database.org. A species of lizard, Anolis noblei, is named in his honor.Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011).
Anthophylax hoffmani is the species of the Lepturinae subfamily in long-horned beetle family.BioLib Taxon profile — species Anthophylax hoffmani Beutenmüller, 1903 This beetle is distributed in United States. Adult beetle feeds on Fraser fir.
Pseudogaurotina excellens is a species of the Lepturinae subfamily in the long-horned beetle family.BioLib Taxon profile — species Pseudogaurotina excellens (Brancsik, 1874) This beetle is distributed in Europe. Adult beetle feeds on Lonicera nigra.
Geological Publishing House, Beijing 195-203 Martill (2011) considered it potentially related to his new taxon Unwindia,Martill, David M. (2011). "A new pterodactyloid pterosaur from the Santana Formation (Cretaceous) of Brazil". Cretaceous Research.
In 2016, Wiehenvenator was placed in the Megalosauridae as a sister taxon to Torvosaurus. The following is a cladogram based on the phylogenetic analysis conducted by Rauhut et al., showing the relationships of Wiehenvenator.
Apocleinae are a subfamily of assassin flies proposed in 1973. The proposed taxon is, however, polyphyletic and is no longer recognized as a subfamily. Most ‘Apocleinae’ genera are now included in the subfamily Asilinae.
The species was first described as Bossiaea cinerea var. rigida in 1903 by Leonard Rodway. In 2012, Ian Thompson revised the genus, Bossiaea, and raised the taxon to a species, naming it, Bossiaea tasmanica.
The Leptodactylinae are a subfamily of leptodactylid frogs distributed between southern North America (Texas, USA, and Sonora, Mexico) and South America to Brazil. Their sister taxon is the clade comprising the Leiuperinae and Paratelmatobiinae.
Amphiaspis argo is the type species of the cyathaspidid taxon Amphiaspidida, and of the family Amphiaspididae.Novitskaya, Larisse. Les amphiaspides (Heterostraci) du Devonien de la Siberie. Éditions du Centre national de la recherche scientifique, 1971.
In each of the three analyses, Kadimakara was placed as the sister taxon to Prolacerta, with these two genera forming the family Prolacertidae, positioned near Archosauriformes as Dilkes (1998) and other studies claimed previously.
This reservoir then narrows to a tube leading to an opening valve. The secretory lobes differ structurally from one taxon to another; it may be elongated or oval, branched basally or apically, or unbranched.
Byrsomyces is a fungal genus in the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis). A monotypic genus, Byrsomyces contains the single species Byrsomyces olivaceus.
Clypeosphaerulina is a fungal genus in the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis). A monotypic genus, it contains the single species Clypeosphaerulina vincae.
Leptosacca is a fungal genus in the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis). The genus is monotypic, containing the single species Leptosacca lumae.
If conflicting results exist or if there is not a consensus among researchers as to how a taxon relates to other organisms, it may be listed as incertae sedis until the conflict is resolved.
Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 158: 124–154. . spelled this taxon as Acochlidia. Three families (Hedylopsidae, Microhedylidae and Acochlidiidae) are classically recognized. Two controversial classifications (Rankin 1979, Starobogatov 1983) Starobogatov Ya. I. (1983).
This is in contrast to physiology, which deals primarily with function. Morphology is a branch of life science dealing with the study of gross structure of an organism or taxon and its component parts.
The etymology of the name of the species was, according to the authors of the taxon, "vera, Latin for true, because Lethacotyle, a genus differentiated by absence of clamps, was based on true observations".
As argued in a recent study by Richard et al. however, the name Morchella importuna is probably a later synonym of an old European taxon, such as Morchella elata, Morchella vaporaria or Morchella hortensis.
Submyotodon is a genus of vespertilionid bats, published as a new taxon in 2003 to describe a Miocene fossil species. Extant species and subspecies previously included in Myotis were later transferred to this genus.
Elmerinula is a fungus genus in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis). A monotypic genus, it contains the single species Elmerinula capnoides.
Myriostigmella is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis). The genus was named by Gabriel Arnaud in 1952.
Older morphological and molecular studies appeared to show that the Caenogastropoda and Heterobranchia should be considered as sister taxa, comprising the Apogastropoda. This taxon was used in taxonomy of the Gastropoda (Ponder & Lindberg, 1997).
Taxon 58(3):749-756. They now constitute the related family Mazaceae. The monotypic genera Bythophyton and Encopella might properly belong to Plantaginaceae tribe Gratioliae.Dirk C. Albach, Heidi M. Meudt, and Bengt Oxelman. 2005.
The Asiatic linsang (Prionodon) is a genus comprising two species native to Southeast Asia: the banded linsang (Prionodon linsang) and the spotted linsang (Prionodon pardicolor). Prionodon is considered a sister taxon of the Felidae.
Pongidae, or the pongids, is an obsolete primate taxon containing gorillas, chimpanzees and orangutans. They are sometimes called "great apes". Pongidae is now known to be paraphyletic. Pongids split from Hominina around seven mya.
Taxonomic reevaluations in North American Erigeron (Asteraceae: Astereae). Sida 21:19-39. Erigeron klamathensis is native to the Klamath Ranges of southwestern Oregon and northwestern California.Calflora taxon report, University of California, Erigeron klamathensis (G.
Burns also assigned Glyptodontopelta to Nodosauridae — rejecting Ford's Stegopeltinae — and proposed that another armored taxon from New Mexico, Edmontonia australis, is a synonym of Glyptodontopelta mimus, based on analysis of armor size and shape.
"Monophyly and relationships of the enigmatic family Peridiscaceae". Taxon 56(1):65-73. Wurdack and Davis also found that the family Rafflesiaceae and the genera Aneulophus, Centroplacus, and Trichostephanus belong in the order Malpighiales.
Hylophorbus is a genus of microhylid frogs endemic to New Guinea. Common name Mawatta frogs has been coined for them. Molecular data suggest that Hylophorbus is monophyletic and that its sister taxon is Callulops.
The distribution of the genus Spirorbula includes the area from Madeira to Porto Santo in the country of Portugal."Genus taxon summary for Spirorbula". AnimalBase, last modified 09 September 2008, accessed 13 January 2011.
Taxon 49 (1): 101-102. and this was accepted by the International Botanical Congress Committee for Spermatophyta, so G. parviflora remains the correct name.Brummitt, R. K. (2001). Report of the Committee for Spermatophyta: 52.
USDA GRIN rejects the spelling gerardii and provides reasoning for gerardi as being the correct spelling for the specific epithet of this taxon. Andropogon gerardii still makes appearances in various literature, including USDA publications.
Most recent studies suggests that Pelodytidae belongs to a clade containing three other families: Pelobatidae, Scaphiopodidae, and Megophryidae. Its sister taxon is the clade Pelobatidae+Megophryidae, although older studies have suggested also other relationships.
However, other studies claim that some of the variation seen between the two species, such as the orientation of the maxillary tooth row, may not be ontogenic, thus making B. sealeyi a valid taxon.
New combinations in California Arnica and Monolopia (Compositae). Novon 9(4): 460-461 The species is known by the common name mock leopardbane.Calflora taxon report, University of California, Arnica dealbata (A. Gray) B.G. Baldw.
It is morphologically similar to Libythea geoffroyi, but its placement within the genus Libythea is questioned. Currently it is believed that L. collenettei is a sister taxon to the remainder of the genus Libythea.
Pachybatrachus is an extinct genus of prehistoric amphibian. Pachybatrachus fossils have been found in the In Beceten formation located in Tahoua, Niger. Its parent taxon is Pachycentrata.A. M. Báez and J.-C. Rage. 1998.
Oxford: Clarendon Press. The holotype and referred materials are currently reposited in the Carnegie Museum of Natural History. A large number of partial to complete skulls and associated postcrania are known for this taxon.
Editio Quarta. Berolini. 4(1): 474. The species name was then modified to include the multiplication symbol to indicate its suspected hybrid parentage. The other name commonly used for this taxon, Platanus × hispanica auct.
Sorbeoconcha is a taxonomic clade of snails, i.e. gastropods, mainly marine species with gills and opercula, within the clade Caenogastropoda. The taxon Sorbeoconcha was named by Winston Ponder and David R. Lindberg in 1997.
The abdomen is black with large yellow spots. In Australia, it ranges from the Northern Territory to Queensland and central New South Wales. The taxon has not been assessed in the IUCN Red List.
Some sources prefer to treat this taxon as a variety of Allium fimbriatum, A. fimbriatum var. denticulatum, rather than a distinct species. Allium denticulatum Kit is a synonym of a different species, Allium carinatum.
These sponges typically inhabit shady locations, under overhangs and inside caves. In the Mediterranean Sea, 82% of the species in this taxon can be found in caves, and 41% of them are found nowhere else.
It is a sister taxon to the white-eared honeyeater (N. leucotis), which occurs on mainland Australia but not in Tasmania, and they belong to a clade that contains the genera Entomyzon, Melithreptus and Foulehaio.
Three described species. # Armorloricus davidi Kristensen & Gad, 2004 WoRMS taxon details # Armorloricus elegans Kristensen & Gad, 2004 # Armorloricus kristenseni Heiner, 2004 Typical characters: smooth lorica with large midventral and laterodorsal plates, very long mouth tube, etc.
The recognition of this taxon as a new species—under the placeholder name "Nepenthes species 2"—was announced online in September 2012, Wistuba, A. 2012. Nepenthes-Neuigkeiten von Mindanao (Philippinen). G.F.P. Forum, September 2, 2012.
Vol 15(4): 171-254 given a resurgence in the subspecies concept. By this time, an older name "obscurus" for this taxon had been traced (Funambulus palmarum var obscura) from 1886 apparently invalidating Thomas's designation.
Azbukinia is a fungal genus in the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis). This is a monotypic genus, containing the single species Azbukinia ferruginea.
Bactrosphaeria is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis). A monotypic genus, Bactrosphaeria contains the single species Bactrosphaeria asterostoma.
Delpinoëlla is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis). The genus is monotypic, containing the single species Delpinoella insignis.
Dasysphaeria is a genus of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis). The genus is monotypic, containing the single species Dasysphaeria andicola.
Cryptoleptosphaeria is a fungal genus in the order Diaporthales, class Sordariomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the order is unknown (incertae sedis). Cryptoleptosphaeria is monotypic, containing the single species Cryptoleptosphaeria moravica.
1976; 27: 35–66. However, Bell (2013) noted a number of characters distinguishing USNM 20030 from Baptornis, and Bell and Chiappe (2015) recognized it as a distinct taxon of hesperornithiform, which they named Fumicollis hoffmani.
The specific name, sansteynae, is in honor of San Steyn who is the wife of the senior taxon authority.Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011). The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
"Insights into the evolution of the tribe Arctoteae (Compositae: subfamily Cichorioideae s.s.) using trnL-F, ndhF, and ITS". Taxon 53(3):637-655. In one classification, published in 2009, these two formed the tribe Eremothamneae.
A pioneer organism, also called a disaster taxon, is an organism that populates a region after a (short-term) natural disaster, mass extinction, or any other event that kills off most life in that area.
Tree cobras have proportionally larger eyes compared to Naja species, smaller fangs, and smaller bone structures. Members were formerly categorized as Naja, but anatomical analysis of midbody scale rows distinguished them as a separate taxon.
Flavobathelium is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis). A monotypic genus, it contains the single species Flavobathelium epiphyllum.
Dolabra is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis). A monotypic genus, it contains the single species Dolabra nepheliae.
Diplochorina is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis). A monotypic genus, it contains the single species Diplochorina naumovii.
Pleotrichiella is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis). A monotypic genus, it contains the single species Pleotrichiella australiensis.
Phycorella is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis). A monotypic genus, it contains the single species Phycorella scytonematis.
Pleiostomellina is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis). A monotypic genus, it contains the single species Pleiostomellina pernambucensis.
Thryptospora is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis). A monotypic genus, it contains the single species Thryptospora singularis.
Semisphaeria is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis). A monotypic genus, it contains the single species Semisphaeria sigmundii.
Racovitziella is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis). A monotypic genus, it contains the single species Racovitziella endostromatica.
Pyrenostigme is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis). A monotypic genus, it contains the single species Pyrenostigme siparunae.
Pyrenocyclus is a genus of fungi in the class Dothideomycetes. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the class is unknown (incertae sedis). A monotypic genus, it contains the single species Pyrenocyclus ambiguus.

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