831 Sentences With "tallow" | Random Sentence Generator

In the old days, Mr. Walsh said, people used beef tallow.

That tallow was also used in the new £10 notes already printed.

They contain tallow, which is derived from animal fat 😡 #vegan #govegan pic.twitter.

So, replacing tallow in banknotes won't actually save the lives of any cows.

A condiment of fermented tallow, made from lamb intestines, is poured on top.

An online petition to stop the use of tallow garnered more than 135,000 signatures.

Incidentally, beef tallow is precisely what made McDonald's fries taste so good in the 1980s.

Tallow, when you look into it, turns up everywhere: cosmetics, bottles, car parts, credit cards.

They tasted kind of like McDonald's fries back when they were fried in beef tallow.

And a crust made with beef tallow can raise the profile of a humble potpie.

The bank has decided not to withdraw the bills in which the tallow was used.

The addition of the tiny amount of tallow allows the notes to slide into machines easier.

Everyone should take a walk up to the lighthouse at Tallow Beach — the earlier the better.

Five Gulfstream jets on display in Las Vegas are using California-produced fuel from inedible beef tallow.

Beef tallow, for instance, has a higher smoking point than butter, and is perfect for the task.

Some claim that he used only bull meat, and rendered his own tallow to fry it in.

Half were boiled in the spicy "mala" broth with beef tallow and half in the pork bone broth.

However, their introduction has also proved controversial due to the use of tallow, an animal byproduct, in their construction.

The problem with all of this is that tallow appears in quite a lot of products we already use.

When the company disclosed that it had used tallow, Hindu groups in Mumbai attacked one of the chain's restaurants.

Even though McDonald's fries are no longer fried in beef tallow, many fast-food fans still swear by them.

The bills used a tallow, or hard, fatty substance usually made from rendered meat, as part of their base.

Rendering is a process of using animal byproducts for the production of tallow, grease and feed for animals and aquaculture.

This is not the first time that tallow has been discovered in a product for which meat might seem unnecessary.

"The Fat Kitchen: How to Render, Cure & Cook With Lard, Tallow & Poultry Fat" by Andrea Chesman (Storey Publishing, $24.95 paperback).

Take Luke Taylor, who caught vision of these dolphins hanging out at Tallow Beach, near Byron Bay, Australia on Feb. 17.

VERMONT: Worthy Burger's hand-cut fries are cooked in savory beef tallow, making them perfectly crispy yet soft on the inside.

The kitchen table was laid with homemade bread, butter, jam, a tureen of dried lamb tallow, and a haunch of fermented lamb.

Some have recognizable faces, even painted ones; others appear to be deliquescing into formlessness, their arms and torsos stuck together like tallow.

As the Washington Post notes, the Bank of England confirmed on Monday that tiny amounts of animal tallow are used in the new money.

Following the tallow update, several individuals took to Twitter to express their fury, while leading organizations and religious groups also weighed in on the debate.

I bought liquid soap for our bathroom so her friends "will feel more comfortable," despite the large, lovely batches of deer tallow soap we've made.

A few Saturdays ago, Mr. Strein, who interned at Dickson's, a butcher in Chelsea Market, used leftover beef tallow to make candles in the backyard.

The fast food company stopped frying in delicious, delicious beef tallow in 1990 after outcry from vegetarians who were deceived into thinking they were animal-free.

A substance called tallow (often used in soaps and candles) is rendered from animal fat and can be found in the polymer composition of the banknotes.

Burgers, made with grass-fed beef, are adorned with shredded iceberg lettuce, pickles, onions, and American cheese and served with French fries cooked in beef tallow.

"We can confirm that the polymer pellet from which the base substrate is made contains a trace of a substance known as tallow," a Bank spokeswoman said.

The Bank of England confirmed that tallow, which is made from beef or mutton fat, was used in the more durable 5-pound bills it introduced recently.

Vegetarian and vegan communities in the UK are in tumult over the revelation that the new plastic polymer £5 note contains animal fat in the form of tallow.

Ms. Münter, who turned down sponsorship from a company that was making lubrications from beef tallow, said that she looked forward to a day without liquid fuels entirely.

More ræst dishes followed, including a version of the islands' most common fish dish: fermented cod served with puréed potatoes and leeks and topped with fermented lamb tallow.

Tallow, a hard, fatty substance usually made from rendered beef or mutton suet, is much more likely to be found in soap and candles than in a currency.

Both ANZ Terminals and GrainCorp provide port-side bulk liquid storage services to store liquids including edible oils, tallow, non-flammable industrial chemicals and base oils for customers.

All transfer a nice trace of flavor to food: Epic Duck Fat, Pork Lard and Beef Tallow Animal Oils, $8.99 for 12 ounces, three jars for $26.97, epicbar.com.

The bank said it did not know about traces of tallow, which contains animal fats, in the production of the currency when it signed the contract with Innovia.

To the dismay of vegans and vegetarians across Britain, the Bank of England has confirmed that tallow was used in the base of the new notes, worth about $6.25.

The hazy fumes of charring beef tallow, combined with the smoke of the butter Riedy is basting it with, overpowers the exhaust system with its thick, white plumes of smoke.

Photograph by Anne Golaz for The New Yorker When he first dared to serve fermented lamb tallow, in 2012, foreign diners compared its strong taste to that of blue cheese.

This week, the BoE confirmed on Twitter that its new £5 banknote contained a "trace of tallow", a substance which comes from animal fats, including rendered forms of beef or mutton.

In November 2016, a woman sued Buffalo Wild Wings in New York, arguing it had failed to disclose that its French fries and mozzarella sticks had been cooked in beef tallow.

And also yes, the bi-cultural umami bomb tastes just as heavenly as you might expect—especially when melted atop one of Plan Check's thick burgers or smothered over tallow-fried fries.

As the women approached the factories that morning, they pulled their scarves over their faces against the smell, a stomach-turning odor that wafts off tallow-rendering vats and suggests rotting meat.

"(Tallow) doesn't need be used in the notes at all as there are many plant-based alternatives," Ali Ryland, a spokesperson from The Vegan Society, said in a statement emailed to CNBC.

The Bank of England confirmed that tallow, which contains animal fats, is used in the production of the new currency, and said the substance was also commonly used in candles and soap.

The U.K. central bank went on to add that at the time the contract — to print the new notes — was signed with supplier Innovia, the Bank wasn't aware that the banknote contained tallow.

According to the Bank, the amount of tallow used in the banknotes is "extremely small" and that the substance is used in an early stage of the production process of the polymer pellets.

There is the hiss of butter and melted tallow as they slide down the hot platter, past the sliced porterhouse or rib steak and their charred bones, to make a pool at one end.

"We can confirm that the polymer pellet from which the base substrate is made contains a trace of a substance known as tallow," the Bank of England, said in a statement emailed to CNBC.

"Our supplier of polymer substrate, Innovia Security, has confirmed that its polymer substrate used as a base for bank notes contains additives that may be produced from tallow," the message to the CBC reads.

Here, the built-in pots are divided, in modified yin-yang style, allowing you to choose two soup bases including the "special spicy pot," with chiles, Sichuan peppercorns and globs of melting beef tallow.

On Monday, the superstar couple was spotted having lunch at Plan Check Sawtelle in L.A. While mom and dad dug into Plan Check burgers and Beef Tallow Fries, Blue Ivy enjoyed a Jr. Grilled Cheese.

The same transition can be identified at micro-level for services such as lighting, where tallow candles were gradually replaced by stearin candles, kerosene lamps, gas lighting, incandescent electric bulbs and now light-emitting diodes.

"There is a trace of tallow in the polymer pellets used in the base substrate of the polymer £5 notes," the Bank of England said repeatedly in responses to inquiries this week on social media.

She is enlightening, to take one example, when it comes to light, on how domestic candlepower (at a period when wax candles were expensive, and tallow candles nasally offensive) framed the 18th-century reading experience.

Gladwell opens the podcast by telling listeners that "McDonald's betrayed me so many years ago" when it stopped frying potatoes in beef tallow, so his ultimate goal is to help the fries return to their former glory.

Tallow fried peanuts with anchovy and pickled fish peppers made a clever snack, especially when paired with the Estate Grown, a creamy house cocktail of Martinique rhum, pistachio falernum and hierbas dotted with lime-and-herb oil.

None of that is much consolation to vegetarians, however — the notes are printed on polymer, which uses tallow, a hard, fatty substance usually made from rendered meat, rather than on the cotton-based paper that was used before.

"There's no need for tallow, and the Bank of England has failed to balance the books by investing in a non-animal bank note component that would please everyone," Elisa Allen, director of PETA, told CNBC via email.

Generally, the more straight chains, the more likely something will be solid at room temperature, so over the past century companies have used hydrogenated trans fats to make solid fats like margarine or to replace lard and beef tallow.

Park & Orchard is a place where you can drop in for happy hour and eat grilled chicken wings, or a fried oyster sandwich with French fries cooked in — if you're a cardiologist you should look away now — beef tallow.

Perhaps one-third of the butter for sale wasn't really butter but rather all sorts of other things — beef tallow, pork fat, the ground-up stomachs of cows and sheep — transformed into a yellowish substance that looked like butter.

On the other hand, one wishes that there were a four-flavor option, because the restaurant actually offers two "all-red" versions: one vegetarian and one with beef tallow, which tends to monopolize the flavor with its pungent gaminess.

Of those who expressed a preference, 88 percent were against the use of animal-derived additives, while 48 percent were against the use of additives derived from palm oil, which the bank had explored as a possible alternative to the tallow.

After a four-and-a-half month review, the Bank of England decided it would simply cost too much money to switch production of the UK's new plastic five-pound notes from a polymer that contained tallow to one containing palm oil.

These include: lard and beef tallow (11.92 kg of CO2 per kg of food), dry milk products (10.4 kg of CO2 per kg of food), and other added fats and oils such as palm oil (6.30 kg of CO2 per kg of food).

Earlier, the Bank of England confirmed that tallow is used in the production of the new currency, after an online petition against its use in the notes, started by campaigner Doug Maw, was signed by more 100,000 supporters in less than two days.

More than 130,000 people signed an online petition last year calling on the BoE to stop using animal products in banknotes, after it emerged that small amounts of tallow - which comes from cows and sheep - were used in its first plastic five pound note.

But more than 130,000 people signed an online petition calling on the BoE to stop using animal products in the notes after it emerged that they contained small amounts of tallow — which comes from cows and sheep — prompting the central bank to launch a consultation.

More than 13,000 people signed an online petition last year calling on the BoE to stop using animal products in banknotes, after it emerged that small amounts of tallow - which comes from cows and sheep - were used in its first plastic five pound note.

At present, according to Transport for London, which operates London's public transportation system, the city authorities want to ensure that increasing numbers of buses are fueled by a blend of diesel and biofuels made of products such as waste cooking oil and tallow from meat processing companies.

Vegans, vegetarians and some religious groups will likely take issue with the fact that the £10 note is made from the same material as the new £5 note, launched last September, which contains traces of animal fat in the form of tallow, a fatty substance derived from beef or mutton.

Photograph by Eric Helgas for The New Yorker The burgers are soundly satisfying, especially accompanied by a pile of thick, perfectly golden-brown French fries, cooked in beef tallow—just like McDonald's used to make theirs—and a cold Mexican Coke in a glass bottle, or a craft lager on tap.

"While it is unfortunate that the new £10 note will contain tallow, The Vegan Society is pleased that the Bank of England has been transparent in their response to this important issue, and has taken the beliefs of the public into consideration," noted a press release added to the organization's website on Wednesday afternoon.

Ryan Standard of The Jacobsen, an American journal that tracks the trade in animal fats, says that anticipated global demand from Neste and its smaller American rival, Diamond Green Diesel, is likely to account for the equivalent of almost half the tallow, lard, white grease, poultry fat, used cooking oil and other Dickensian-sounding waste products produced in America.

Hatchettite (also mountain tallow, mineral tallow, mineral adipocire, or adipocerite) is a mineral hydrocarbon. It has been claimed to be the same as evenkite.

Tallow once was widely used to make molded candles before more convenient wax varieties became available—and for some time after since they continued to be a cheaper alternative. For those too poor even to avail themselves of homemade, molded tallow candles, the "tallow dip"—a reed that had been dipped in melted tallow or sometimes a strip of burning cloth in a saucer of tallow grease—was an accessible substitute. Such a candle was often simply called a "dip" or, because of its low cost, a "farthing dip" or "penny dip".

In a game of high scoring Tallow won 5–13 : 1–19 and Thomas Ryan contributed 4–1 of the total for Tallow! The point was scored for a sideline cut. In the last of the round games Tallow played Stradbally where Thomas Ryan put up another superb performance scoring 3–5, 1–0 from a penalty he earned himself and 0–3 from frees. This game allowed Tallow to progress to the Quarter Finals. Tallow lost 1–14 to 0–18 to Ballyduff Upper in the quarter final Knockout stages of the Waterford Senior Hurling Championship, Ryan scored 0–1 of his sides 1–14 compared to Ballyduff Upper's 0–19. In 2010 Tallow played Mount Sion with Thomas Ryan scoring 1–3 (1f) Tallows next game was against Dungarvan where Tallow won by a single point.

The Worshipful Company of Tallow Chandlers is one of the ancient livery companies of the City of London. The organisation, which engaged not only in tallow candle making but also in the trade of oils, first received a Royal Charter in 1462. Traditionally tallow chandlers operated separately from wax chandlers: beeswax candles customarily being used in churches and noble houses, while tallow (animal fat) candles were generally used in other homes. As is the case with most other livery companies, the Tallow Chandlers' Company is no longer a trade association of candlemakers, its decline precipitated by the advent of electric lighting.

Stillingia tallow or Chinese vegetable tallow is a fatty substance extracted from the coat of the seeds of Triadica sebifera (Chinese tallow tree) or Triadica cochinchinensis (Mountain tallow tree). It has traditionally been used for making candles. This product must be distiguished from stillingia oil, that is extracted from the seeds of those trees. The name of the substance was given when the two plants were classified in the genus Stillingia, with binomial names "Stillingia sebifera" and "Stillingia discolor".

Tallow is used mainly in producing soap and animal feed.

CHINESE TALLOW TREE. United States Department of Agriculture and Natural Resources Conservation Service. Last accessed April 13, 2008. The Chinese Tallow Tree is listed as an invasive species to the state of South Carolina.

Tallow is located in the Lismore Electoral Area of Waterford City and County Council. Following the 2019 local elections, two county councillors from Tallow were elected; John Pratt (Labour) and James Tobin (Fianna Fáil).

Tallow is however making a coming back in certain nutrition circles.

Tallow GAA Club is a Gaelic Athletic Association club based in Tallow, in west County Waterford, Ireland. The club has won the Waterford Senior Hurling Championship four times, first in 1936 and more recently in 1980, 1984 and 1985. Tallow presently have four players on the Waterford county panel, James Murray, Aidan Kearney, Mark O' Brien and Thomas Ryan. Tallow GAA's ground is called Páirc Eamonn de Paor after the former Waterford hurler & coach, Ned Power who taught in the local school through the 1960s, 1970s & 1980s.

Tallow (; ) is a town in County Waterford, Ireland. Tallow is in the province of Munster near the border between County Cork and County Waterford and situated on a small hill just south of the River Bride.

Suffixes creating a transitive verb: e.g. -, which turns a static or intransitive verb or a noun into a transitive verb: cf. ' "water- tight" and ' "to make water-tight"; and ' "tallow" and ' "to put tallow on". 7\.

Like tallow, this was derived from animals, but had no glycerine content.

This hide-and-tallow trade was mainly carried on by Boston-based ships that traveled for about 200 days in sailing ships about to around Cape Horn to bring finished goods and merchandise to trade with the Californio Ranchos for their hides, tallow and horns. The cattle and horses that provided the hides, tallow and horns essentially grew wild. The Californios' hides, tallow and horns provided the necessary trade articles for a mutually beneficial trade. The first United States, English and Russian trading ships began showing up in California before 1816.

In 2007 Thomas Ryan played corner forward for the Tallow senior team. He helped them defeat Stradbally by contributing 7 points from play. 2 weeks later Tallow played Lismore in the club championship and won by a single point.

Tallow was a constituency represented in the Irish House of Commons until 1800.

General structure Polyethoxylated tallow amine (also polyoxyethyleneamine, POEA) refers to a range of non-ionic surfactants derived from animal fats (tallow). They are used primarily as emulsifiers and wetting agents for agrochemical formulations, such as pesticides and herbicides (e.g. glyphosate).

Since then, the Modesto Tallow Company has ceased operation and has been torn down.

Thomas Ryans' Tallow had already qualified for the knockout stages of the Senior Club championship when they lost to Stradbally, Ryan being Tallow's top scorer and getting 7 points. Tallow drew Ballygunner in the quarter finals and beat them by 2 points, this time Thomas Ryan scored 0–6 (0–5 frees and 0–1 sideline). Tallow lost the semi final to eventual winners and All Ireland runners-up De La Salle, while Thomas Ryan contributed 0–3 of his sides 2–3. In 2009 Tallow played Ballygunner in the round 1 stage of the Senior hurling championship.

The business made tallow from animal fat and bones, which were generally regarded as valueless.

Ryan contributed 0–4(2f). Tallow then played Ballyduff Lower and won by 3 points.

When melted tallow was later found to be unsatisfactory, it was replaced by vegetable oils.

Ballygunner won 2–23 : 2:12 despite Ryan scoring 1–4 of his sides total. Thomas Ryan was unable to play his sides game against Ballyduff Lower due to injury, but nonetheless, Tallow were victorious. For the Round 3 game Tallow drew against Abbeyside with Ryan coming on late as a sub and scoring 2 points. Perhaps Thomas Ryan's' best performance with his club was when Tallow played Passage in the round 4 game.

In October 2003, SembCorp applied to the Environment Agency for permission to burn 110,000 tonnes of cow fat (tallow) from the carcasses of animals slaughtered during the BSE Crisis of 1996. The tallow bought was a large portion of the 200,000 tonne stockpile stored on farms in Merseyside and near London. The tallow was brought to the station by road tanker from Merseyside. At the power station it was stored in a tanker, awaiting burning.

Suet is made into tallow in a process called rendering, which involves melting and extended simmering, followed by straining, cooling and usually by repeating the entire process. Unlike tallow, suet that is not pre-packed requires refrigeration in order to be stored for extended periods.

R627 near the Cork - Waterford border. The R627 is a regional road between Midleton in County Cork and Tallow, County Waterford in Ireland. The route begins in the centre of Midleton and runs northeast for to Tallow. Most of the route is in County Cork.

A local girl who offered him (tallow) candles to eat was nearly lynched for feeding him.

Early in the development of steam-driven piston engines, the hot vapors and liquids washed away most lubricants very quickly. It was soon found that tallow was quite resistant to this washing. Tallow and compounds including tallow were widely used to lubricate locomotive and steamship engines at least until the 1950s. (During World War II, the vast fleets of steam-powered ships exhausted the supply, leading to the large-scale planting of rapeseed because rapeseed oil also resisted the washing effect.) Tallow is still used in the steel rolling industry to provide the required lubrication as the sheet steel is compressed through the steel rollers.

Chapel Street in Tallow Tallow has a number of public houses and restaurants, clustered on the Main Street. There are also a number of convenience stores including a Centra, Spar and Daybreak. The town also has a library, barbers, pharmacy, veterinarian, co-op store and antiques shop.

These include :- Marsden Rocks – to the tune of "Jockey to the Fair" The Tallow Ship – tells the tale of the 600 tons of tallow candles, a must in every household before electricity, were washed ashore at South Shields, and how the population cleared the beach very quickly.

Hawaii newspaper The Daily Bulletin Many items of traditional goods are produced from tallow, which was widely available domestically. Tallow used to be used commonly in high-end shaving soaps, in particular those of elite British firms such as Geo. F Trumper, Truefitt & Hill, and Taylor of Old Bond Street. While these firms have reformulated to a vegetable base, tallow-based shaving soaps have enjoyed a resurgence in recent years with the gaining popularity of traditional wet- shaving.

There is a trend toward replacing tallow-based lubrication with synthetic oils in rolling applications for surface cleanliness reasons. Another industrial use is as a lubricant for certain types of light engineering work, such as cutting threads on electrical conduit. Specialist cutting compounds are available, but tallow is a traditional lubricant that is easily available for cheap and infrequent use. The use of tallow or lard to lubricate rifles was the spark that started the Indian Mutiny of 1857.

Triadica cochinchinensis is a species of tree known as the mountain tallow tree. The seeds (as well as from those of Triadica sebifera) are the sources of stillingia oil, a drying oil used in paints and varnishes. The fatty coat of the seeds is known as stillingia tallow, hence its common name. The two species were formerly classified in the genus Stillingia, as Stillingia discolor and Stillingia sebifera (hence the name of the oil and tallow).

Exotic invasive species have also established themselves in some areas, including Chinese tallow and rattlebox (sesbania punicea).

On 2 April 1761 a force of 50 militia men and 40 soldiers set out for Tallow ...

Roman oil lamp Prior to the candle, people used oil lamps in which a lit wick rested in a container of liquid oil. Liquid oil lamps had a tendency to spill, and the wick had to be advanced by hand. Romans began making true dipped candles from tallow, beginning around 500 BC. European candles of antiquity were made from various forms of natural fat, tallow, and wax. In Ancient Rome, candles were made of tallow due to the prohibitive cost of beeswax.

A significant use of tallow is for the production of shortening. It is also one of the main ingredients of the Native American food pemmican. With a smoke point of 480 F/250 C, tallow is traditionally used in deep frying and was preferred for this use until the rise in popularity of plant oils for frying. Before switching to pure vegetable oil in 1990, McDonald's cooked its French fries in a mixture of 93% beef tallow and 7% cottonseed oil.

Towns and Co then traded wool, tallow, hides and skins between Sweers Island and Batavia in October 1868.

The river runs through the baronies of Barrymore and Imokilly. The river is tidal up to Tallow Bridge.

With thousands of cattle, Sanchez made money selling hides and tallow, the only parts of the animal worth anything. Besides trading in hides, Sanchez began manufacturing soap from the tallow. San Felipe Lake, also called Upper Soap Lake, is a permanent lake on the upper reaches of the Pajaro River.

In this context, tallow is animal fat that conforms to certain technical criteria, including its melting point. Commercial tallow commonly contains fat derived from other animals, such as lard from pigs, or even from plant sources. stearic and oleic acids. The adjacent diagram shows the chemical structure of a typical triglyceride molecule.

The date of Sir Arthur Ingram's birth is not known. He was the second of three sons of Hugh Ingram (died 1614),Will of Hughe Ingram, Tallow Chandler of London (P.C.C. 1614), Lawe quire. a prosperous merchant and citizen Tallow Chandler of London who originated from Thorpe-on-the-Hill in Yorkshire.

Sebacic acid is a naturally occurring dicarboxylic acid with the formula (CH2)8(CO2H)2. It is a white flake or powdered solid. Sebaceus is Latin for tallow candle, sebum is Latin for tallow, and refers to its use in the manufacture of candles. Sebacic acid is a derivative of castor oil.

For this purpose, a mixture of about half tallow and half beeswax is best. The wax and tallow are melted over a low flame, mixed and allowed to cool and solidify. This reduces the risk of screw breakage during initial screw penetration and also eases later screw removal should this be required, by preventing corrosion.

Beast from the East, 2 March 2018. Early records show a Tallow as being an important centre for iron smelting. Indeed, the town name Tulach an Iarainn translates as 'The Hill of the Iron' in English. Tallow became a centre for grain export down the river to Youghal and wool combing in the 18th century.

The leaves are used as herbal medicine to treat boils. The plant sap and leaves are reputed to be toxic, and decaying leaves from the plant are toxic to other species of plants. The species is classified as a noxious invader in the southern U.S. This species and T. cochinchinensis were formerly classified in the genus Stillingia, as Stillingia sebifera and Stillingia discolor (hence the name still used for the oil and tallow). The specific epithet sebifera is derived from Latin sebum (meaning "tallow") and fero (meaning "to bear"), thus "tallow-bearing".

Thomas Ryan helped accomplish this by adding 1–2, getting one point from a free. Tallow eventually made it to the Quarter Finals of the Top Oil County Senior Hurling Championship, where they played Abbeyside, where Ryans contribution of 3 points from play was not enough to secure a win. In 2008 Tallow bet Ballyduff Upper very well, 3–16 to 14 points with Thomas Ryan scoring 0–1. The 5 May Tallow played Fourmilewater where it ended in a draw, with Thomas Ryan scoring the game's only goal(1–1).

Investigations in conjunction with Hayez's family and Google suggest a last possible whereabouts in the vicinity of Cosy Corner, Tallow Beach.

Thomas Sturge the Elder (1749–1825) was a London tallow chandler, oil merchant, spermaceti processor and philanthropist. He was a Quaker.

The Tallow Chandlers Company of London was formed in about 1300 in London, and in 1456 was granted a coat of arms. The Wax Chandlers Company existed prior to 1330 and acquired its charter in 1484. By 1415, tallow candles were used in street lighting. The first candle mould comes from the 15th century in Paris.

The Menéndez Márquez ranches sent cattle to St. Augustine. Hides and tallow from the cattle were exported to Havana. Cattle were sometimes driven to Apalachee Province, as well. A port called San Martin was established in the early 1670s on the Suwannee River, and Tomás shipped hides, dried meat and tallow to Havana from that port.

They are the only hurlers from Waterford to have achieved winning 3 Harty Cup Titles. At club level Kearney plays with Tallow.

Dermestes talpinus, the hide and tallow dermestid, is a species of carpet beetle in the family Dermestidae. It is found in North America.

Stearic acid is far more abundant in animal rather than vegetable sources. Lard and tallow, for example, contain up to 30% stearic acid.

Ryan plays his club hurling with his local club Tallow in Waterford. He has played with Tallow/Cois Bride from underage upwards. Ryan has enjoyed little success with Tallow, however he was part of the 2008 under-21(B) team who won the Western hurling title. He also was part of the Minor(b) team who won the 2007 Western Hurling title. In 2007 Cois Bhride made it to the county under 18 hurling (B) final where it ended in a draw against St Marys, Ryan was said to be one of the most skillful hurlers playing that day contributing 7points.

Tallow, Bat, and Scarly ambush The Hunter at Tallow's apartment. Bat is non-fatally shot, and Tallow chases down and captures The Hunter at a police building that the Assistant Chief had given him access to hide in. Following The Hunter's capture the Assistant Chief is charged with the crime while the banker disappears out of country and the private security CEO kills himself with his wife. Tallow speaks with The Hunter, in prison and taking anti-psychotics for his schizophrenia, and confirms his suspicion that the room of guns was a Native American wampum, a kind of symbolic language made with beads.

To load the new Pattern 1853 Enfield Rifle, the sepoys had to bite the cartridge open. It was believed that the paper cartridges that were standard issue with the rifle were greased with lard (pork fat), which was regarded as unclean by Muslims, or tallow (cow fat), which is incompatible with Hindu dietary laws. Tallow, along with beeswax, was also used in the lubricant for American Civil War ammunition used in the Springfield rifled musket. A combination of mutton tallow, paraffin wax and beeswax is still used as a patch or projectile lubricant in present-day black powder arms.

Desk in the mayordomo's room at Petaluma Adobe The ranch also included a tannery, smithy, and a grist mill powered by Adobe Creek. It had over 12,000 head of cattle with about one quarter slaughtered each year. The cattle provided the ranch's main products - hides and tallow which were sent via river boats on the Petaluma River to the San Francisco Bay. The hides and tallow was the ranch's main income source while much of the meat was wasted. Vallejo made an estimated $18,000 to $24,000 yearly on hides and tallow (equivalent to much more in today's dollars).

Stillingia oil is an oil extracted (by solvents) from the seeds of plants of the Triadica genus such as Triadica sebifera (Chinese tallow tree) and Triadica cochinchinensis (Mountain tallow tree). It is a drying oil used in paints and varnishes, and it is believed to be toxic in China. It must be distinguished from stillingia tallow, a fatty substance that surround the seeds in the fruit and must be removed before extracting the oil. The name of the oil was given when the two plants were classified in the genus Stillingia, with binomial names "Stillingia sebifera" and "Stillingia discolor".

Tyre wear was reduced by supplying jets of water, fed from diameter pipes, to the leading wheels while negotiating curves. This was found to diminish friction significantly. Their cylinders and slide valve faces were lubricated by tallow cups, attached to the sides of the cylinder assemblies. When melted tallow was later found to be unsatisfactory, it was replaced by vegetable oils.

Tallow is used to make a biodegradable motor oil by a Stamford, Connecticut–based company called Green Earth Technologies. Tallow finds a number of uses in woodworking. It can serve as a lubricant and rust inhibitor on tools such as saw blades and cast-iron plane bodies. It can also be helpful with screwing fixings into hardwoods, particularly when brass screws are employed.

The family lived above the family tallow-chandlers business where candles and saddle-soaps were made and sold. At sixteen Benjamin became an apprentice to his father. He joined the Worshipful Company of Tallow Chandlers in 1837 and became a Freeman of the City of London in 1838. On 17 August 1847, he married Agnes Chamberlain, a member of the Worcester China family.

The Ranchos produced the largest cowhide (called California Greenbacks) and tallow business in North America by killing and skinning their cattle and cutting off their fat. The cowhides were staked out to dry and the tallow was put in large cowhide bags. The rest of the animal was left to rot or feed the California grizzly bears then common in California.

Rushlights, by contrast, are strips of plant fiber impregnated with tallow or grease. The wick is not separate from the fuel in a rushlight.

James Murray (born 1979) is an Irish sportsperson. He plays hurling with his local club Tallow and with the Waterford senior inter-county team.

This titer is used in determining whether an animal fat is considered tallow (titer higher than 40 °C) or a grease (titer below 40 °C).

Wax candle. Waxes such as paraffin wax or beeswax, and hard fats such as tallow are used to make candles, used for lighting and decoration.

The Texas Department of Agriculture lists Chinese Tallow as one of the 24 most invasive plants, and includes Chinese Tallow in a list of Noxious and Invasive Plants which are illegal to sell, distribute or import into Texas.PLANTS Database: Invasive and Noxious Weeds. United States Department of Agriculture Natural Resources and Conservation Service, Texas Administrative Code. 2005. Quarantines and noxious plants, Chapter 19 (24 May 2006).

Old Tallow – Woman of great authority in the community. Omakayas understands she is one of the only children Old Tallow respects. When the family and community are suffering through the smallpox epidemic she steps up to help the community survive the rough winter. Also, she has a love for her dogs as much as her community but is able to punish the dogs when they behave poorly.

S. A. Narang and Sadgopal (1958): "Indian stillingia oil and tallow". Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society, volume 35, issue 2, pages 68-71. Hans-Joachim Esser (2002): "A revison of Triadica Lour. (Euphorbiaceae)". Harvard Papers in Botany, volume 7, issue 1, pages 17-21 (5 pages) B. S. J. Jeffrey F. B. Padley (1991): "Chinese vegetable tallow - Characterization and contamination by stillingia oil".

This operation is repeated several times. Subsequently, the interior and exterior of the mould is machined into the shape of the bell, and sheep tallow is applied to release the mould. Afterwards, a countermould is applied and heated to absorb the tallow so the mould and countermould can be removed. The mould and the countermould are burned, leaving a void that will fill with molten melted.

After they came into contact with the Spanish, the Comanche traded for copper pots and iron kettles, which made cooking easier. Women used berries and nuts, as well as honey and tallow, to flavor buffalo meat. They stored the tallow in intestine casings or rawhide pouches called oyóotû¿. They especially liked to make a sweet mush of buffalo marrow mixed with crushed mesquite beans.

The meatworks was one of the largest projects undertaken in the history of St Lawrence. It has been suggested that the meatworks owed its origin to the fact that a boiling down works had been established about four miles from the town near the wharf on Waverley Creek. The purpose of the boiling down process was to recover the fat or tallow from cattle which were usually considered below standard for putting through the butcher shop. The demand for tallow would have been much greater in that period of Australian history, for tallow was very much in demand for use in candles and for preserving harnesses.

This hide-and- tallow trade was mainly carried on by Boston-based ships that traveled to around Cape Horn to bring finished goods and merchandise to trade with the Californio Ranchos for their hides and tallow. The cattle and horses that provided the hides and tallow essentially grew wild. By 1845, the province of Alta California had a non-native population of about 1,500 Spanish and Latin American-born adult men along with about 6,500 women and their native-born children (who became the Californios). These Spanish-speakers lived mostly in the southern half of the state from San Diego north to Santa Barbara.

In 1917, the city of Modesto built a two lane bridge connecting the city on the north bank to the then undeveloped south bank of the Tuolumne River. This was done to create a road link to areas south of the river (particularly Ceres) and for development south of the river. In 1918, the Modesto Tallow Company opened along a then-lonely Crows Landing Road. The tallow company was a rendering plant that processed dead animal carcasses and fleshy leftovers (meats, fats, bones) from area restaurants and butchers to make tallow, an important ingredient in animal feed, tooth paste, soap, and glue, among other household products.

It was carrying some 260 tons of skins, tallow and coarse hose from Ireland to Copenhagen. One crew member died and the cargo was not salvaged.

The port primarily handles cargoes consisting of class 1 explosives, ammonium nitrate, bulk tallow and equipment used in support of military exercises held at Shoalwater Bay.

He coached Tallow teams at every level from juvenile ranks up and was also involved in a similar capacity with Waterford teams at virtually every level.

Currently, herbicides and prescribed fire are the only effective treatments available to contain and control Chinese tallow. The USDA is evaluating the flea beetle (Bikasha collaris) as a natural control agent. In the Houston area, Chinese tallow trees account for a full 23 percent of all trees, more than any other tree species and is the only invasive tree species in the 14 most common species in the area.Tree Population Characteristics .

Kentucky Route 337 is a rural secondary highway in eastern Taylor County and eastern Marion County. The highway begins at KY 70 (Liberty Road) in Mannsville. KY 337 heads north along Bradfordsville Road, which meets the east end of KY 744 (Spurlington Road) and crosses Black Lick Creek and Tallow Creek. North of Tallow Creek, the highway ascends out of stream valleys and crosses a ridge into Marion County.

More militant activities often followed such processions with unlit houses in Lismore attacked, prisoners released in an attack on Tallow jail and similar shows of strength in Youghal.

Stillingia tallow is essentially a mixture of triglycerides (esters of glycerol and fatty acids). The main triglycerides are glicerotriyl tripalmitate (5-30%) and 2-oleate,1,3-dipalmitate (~70%).

A number of factors, including diet, obesity, and exercise, affect the level of deoxycholate in the human colon. When humans were switched from their usual diet to a meat, egg and cheese based diet for five days, deoxycholate in their feces increased by factors of 2 to 10 fold. Rats fed diets with 30% beef tallow (high fat) had almost 2-fold more deoxycholate in their feces than rats fed 5% beef tallow (low fat). In the same study, adding the further dietary elements of curcumin or caffeic acid to the rats' high fat (30% beef tallow) diet reduced the deoxycholate in their feces to levels comparable to levels seen in the rats on a low fat diet.

Herbivores and insects have a conditioned behavioral avoidance to eating the leaves of Chinese tallow tree, and this, rather than plant toxins, may be a reason for the success of the plant as an invasive.Constraints on the utilisation of the invasive Chinese tallow tree Sapium sebiferum by generalist native herbivores in coastal prairies. Richard A. Lankau1, William E. Rogers, and Evan Siemann, Ecological Entomology, Volume 29, p. 66-75. Published February 2004.

Murray has played with his local club, Tallow from a young age. His greatest achievement with the club was in winning the Waterford Minor Hurling Championship in 1997. As well as playing with Tallow, Murray has represented St. Colmans of Fermoy, winning the Dr. Harty Cup and at collegic level, with UCC in the Fitzgibbon Cup winning two titles, and has also won a North American Championship with the Harry Bolands Chicago in 1999.

In retirement from hurling Power maintained a keen interest in coaching. A teacher by profession in Scoil Mhuire in Tallow, his coaching methods with Tallow GAA saw the club win almost every available county title between 1966 and 1980. Ned Power died on 15 November 2007 after a long illness. His son, journalist Conor Power, is currently writing a book on Ned Power's life, which is due to be launched in November 2009.

The raising of cattle and the commerce in tallow and hides came later.Gumprecht, Blake. 1999. The Los Angeles River: It's Life, Death, and Possible Rebirth. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.

In Valparaíso, established a ship chandler's store, trading in tallow, hides, and merchandise.Hynding, p. 115 Around 1835, he met George Henry Bowen, who would become his business partner and lifelong friend.

After surrendering their title in 2010, Ballygunner reached the championship decider again in 2011. O'Sullivan was captain as the club recorded a facile 1-19 to 0-6 defeat of Tallow.

Tallow also has a use in printmaking, where it is combined with bitumen and applied to metal print plates to provide a resistance to acid etching. The use of trace amounts of tallow as an additive to the substrate used in polymer banknotes came to light in November 2016. Notes issued in 24 countries including Canada, Australia, and the United Kingdom were found to be affected, leading to objections from vegans and members of some religious communities.

Tallowbox Mountain is a summit in the U.S. state of Oregon. The elevation is . Tallowbox Mountain was named in the 1880s for the pioneers' custom of preserving venison tallow in a tallowbox.

With axe and shovel you explore this mine, and follow the marrowy store, yellow as beef tallow, or as if you had struck on a vein of gold, deep into the earth.

According to the U.S. Department of Agriculture, tallow trees begin producing viable seed in as soon as three years. They can spread by root sprouts and cuttings and are quick to invade after a disturbance occurs in an area, due to the clearing out of land. A single tallow tree can produce nearly 100,000 viable seeds annually that can remain in the soil for several years before sprouting. A mature stand can produce 4,500 kilograms of seeds per hectare per year.

The solid material remaining after rendering is called cracklings, greaves, or graves.Greaves: a high-protein solid which is left following the extraction of tallow from animal by-products during the rendering process. It has been used mostly for animal food, such as dog food.Nicolas Jean Baptiste Boyard, Manuel du bouvier et zoophile: ou l'art d'élever de soigner les animaux 1844, 327 In the soap industry and among soap-making hobbyists, the name tallowate is used informally to refer to soaps made from tallow.

Tallow can be used for the production of biodiesel in much the same way as oils from plants are currently used.Thamsiriroj (2011). "The impact of the life cycle analysis methodology on whether biodiesel produced from residues can meet the EU sustainability criteria for biofuel facilities constructed after 2017", Renewable Energy, 36, 50-63. Because tallow is derived from animal by-products, which have little to no value to commercial food industries, it avoids some of the food vs fuel debate.

Hardee's finally sold the remaining Roy Rogers locations to McDonald's, Wendy's, and Boston Market between 1994 and 1996. This left 13 Roy Rogers franchisees, with two dozen free-standing locations, in addition to locations owned by HMSHost in travel plazas along highways in the Northeast. Prior to the Hardee's acquisition, Roy Rogers cooked its fries in a blend of beef tallow and vegetable oil. Hardee's, which had already replaced tallow with all vegetable shortening, implemented the same procedure for Roy Rogers.

The famine also hit the town and surrounding area hard, leading to a decline in population. In recent years, Tallow became a commercial and service hub for the surrounding dairy and horse rearing pastures. Many residents also commute to Cork City and Dungarvan for work. Before the Act of Union (Ireland) 1800, Tallow was the centre of a constituency of the same name in the Irish House of Commons from 1613 until the dissolution of the Kingdom of Ireland in 1800.

Historically, animal tallow has been used in salves and ointments against intertrigo and sore skin: pork (Latin Sevum porcinum), beef (S. bovinum), deer (S. cervinum, German Hirschtalg), goat (S. hircinum), and mutton (S. ovillum).

One of the first dedicated LCL traffic runs in Victoria was for tallow (animal fats) which were transported from Wodonga to Melbourne in insulated, steam- heated drums, and other runs included bulk cement deliveries.

Bathroom and kitchen were almost nonexistent. However, its splendid bones were intact. Carpet had concealed and protected tallow wood floors, now polished and oiled. The original fireplaces, doors, windows and ceiling roses were intact.

Knockanore () is a rural village in County Waterford, situated approximately 9 miles (15 km) from neighbouring towns Youghal (County Cork) and Tallow (also in County Waterford).The village is located on a designated scenic routeway.

Up to the 1870s the only forms of lighting for homes and businesses at nights was the candle and oil lamps. A report of the time mentions a popular candle was the 'penny tallow candle'.

Several Local Link bus services terminate in the town, including the service to Tallow via Lismore. Dublin Coach serve the town on its M9 Cork to Dublin route via Waterford, passing through every two hours.

Tallow are currently amalgamated with Knockanore Shamrocks and play under the name of Cois Bhride for the County and Western division Minor and Juvenile Championship. Both clubs run separate teams for each other underage competition.

The tallow tree is a non-native species to many places around the world. Its introduced status in North America along with the harm it causes to ecosystems makes the tree considered an invasive species there. Tallow trees present a danger of expansion that can hurt local ecosystems by out-competing native vegetation and creating a monoculture. The monoculture lowers species diversity and overall resilience of the area. The tree’s tenacious nature, high growth rates, and high reproductive ability contribute to its invasive success.

Soundings may also be taken to establish the ship's position as an aid in navigation, not merely for safety. Soundings of this type were usually taken using leads that had a wad of tallow in a concavity at the bottom of the plummet. The tallow would bring up part of the bottom sediment (sand, pebbles, clay, shells) and allow the ship's officers to better estimate their position by providing information useful for pilotage and anchoring. If the plummet came up clean, it meant the bottom was rock.

The word sapo, Latin for soap, likely was borrowed from an early Germanic language and is cognate with Latin sebum, "tallow". It first appears in Pliny the Elder's account,soaps p . Etymonline.com. Retrieved on 2011-11-20. Historia Naturalis, which discusses the manufacture of soap from tallow and ashes, but the only use he mentions for it is as a pomade for hair; he mentions rather disapprovingly that the men of the Gauls and Germans were more likely to use it than their female counterparts.

They operated in the region as pastoralists, whalers, and shipbuilders, and produced casks of tallow and salted meat. The remoteness of the area and the lack of roads meant transport and communication was generally by sea.

The cattle were mostly killed for fresh meat, as well as hides and tallow (fat) which could be traded or sold for money or goods. As the cattle herds increased there came a time when nearly everything that could be made of leather was—doors, window coverings, stools, chaps, leggings, vests lariats (riatas), saddles, boots etc. Since there was no refrigeration then, often a cow was killed for the day's fresh meat and the hide and tallow salvaged for sale later. After taking the cattle's hide and tallow their carcasses were left to rot or feed the California grizzly bears which roamed wild in California at that time, or to feed the packs of dogs that typically lived at each rancho. A series of four presidios, or "royal forts", each manned by 10 to 100 men, were built by Spain in Alta California.

The company had imported merchandise from Manchester, and sent hides, tallow, bullion and other Argentine products to Britain. James Hodgson resided in Buenos Aires by 26 years and maintained commercial ties in the Argentina until his death.

Cattle ranching for meat, tallow, and leather were also important. Tallow for candles used in churches and residences and leather used in a variety of ways (saddles, other tack, boots, furniture, machinery) were significant items in the larger colonial economy, finding markets well beyond Tehuantepec. Since the Marquesado operated as an integrated enterprise, draft animals were used in other holdings for transport, agriculture, and mining in Oaxaca, Morelos, Toluca, and Mexico City as well as sold. Raised in Tehuantepec, the animals were driven to other Marquesado holdings for use and distribution.

Calf suet Suet is the raw, hard fat of beef or mutton found around the loins and kidneys. Suet has a melting point of between 45 °C and 50 °C (113 °F and 122 °F) and congelation between 37 °C and 40 °C (98.6 °F and 104 °F). Its high smoke point makes it ideal for deep frying and pastry production. Tallow-beef suet after rendering The primary use of suet is to make tallow, although it is also used as an ingredient in cooking, especially in traditional puddings, such as British Christmas pudding.

The Fuel Standard (Biodiesel) Determination 2003 for Australia defines biodiesel as ‘a diesel fuel obtained by esterification of oil derived from plants or animals. Biodiesel is usually made from vegetable oil, animal fats (tallow) or used cooking oil. Production of biodiesel is created through the reaction of these substances with an alcohol such as ethanol or methanol with the presence of a catalyst in processes called transesterification and esterification to produce mono-alkyl esters (biodiesel) and glycerine (by-product). In Australia, the main feedstocks currently in use are tallow, used cooking oil and oilseeds.

According to this account, Somerled agreed to join Olav in an expedition to raid Skye. The night before sailing, however, a ship wright or carpenter known as Maurice Mac Neil (the second name sometimes given as MacNiall or MacArillMacDonald 1973, p. 39.), by some accounts Somerled's nephew, secretly bored holes in the hull of Olav's ship using tallow and butter to temporarily seal them. On entering the open seas the tallow was washed away by the action of the waves and the king's ship began rapidly taking on water.

The grease used on these cartridges was rumoured to include tallow derived from beef, which would be offensive to Hindus,Headrick, Daniel R. "The Tools of Empire: Technology and European Imperialism in the Nineteenth Century". Oxford University Press, 1981, p.88 and pork, which would be offensive to Muslims - and the sepoy soldiers in the employ of the British in were largely Hindu or Muslim. Rumors of the use of lard and tallow in the lubrication of the cartridges they were using were part of the cause of the Rebellion of 1857.

Sometime prior to 1950 the species were reclassified in the genus Sapium, and articles from the 1950s still use the names "Sapium sebiferum" and "Sapium discolor" However, since about 2002 the plants have been reclassified again in the genus Triadica, and the second one had its species name changed to "cochinchinensis". The fruit of T. sebifera has a characteristic trilobed shape and contains three seeds surrounded by a fibrous waxy coating, which contains the vegetable tallow fat. The seeds produce 20-30% w/w of tallow fat and 10-17% w/w of stillingia oil.

Any debris lodging in the seating of the flap could only have reduced its effectiveness. Moreover the tallow – that is, rendered animal fat – was attractive to the rat population. An 1859 source reports rats entering the iron tube overnight to eat the tallow, and "hundreds" being killed each morning when the pump was activated for the first train. Delays became frequent, due to inability to create enough vacuum to move the trains, and stoppages on the steep approach inclines at the flyover were commonplace, and widely reported in the press.

Called "The Oragon Beef & Tallow Company," as McLoughlin told his superiors, it was formed "with the view of opening from the Oragon Country an export trade with England and elsewhere in tallow, beef, hides, horns, &c.;" If the cattle were gathered from Alta California in 1833, McLoughlin projected Fort Vancouver area to have a herd of over 5,000 by 1842. Additionally, he considered pointed out favorable locations to host these numerous bovines. The valleys of the Willamette, Cowlitz and Columbia were all deemed as appropriate to host upwards of half a million livestock.

The "tallow" is reported to be edible, and may have applications in confectionery. However, it is not commonly used for that purpose; and the risk of contamination by the seed oil, which is toxic, is a possible concern.

There is a church in the west of the village and a post office across the road. Rigney Bro's in located a short walk from the school, and there are several roads linking to Midleton, Castlematyr and Tallow.

These were more prominent in older Finnish, e.g. ' is closest to "corpse" or like ' "the beast". There are also other similar non-offensive constructs like ' ("tallow candles of heaven"). There is also an inventory of non-offensive curse words.

Radio Caroline is broadcast in the Republic of Ireland on channel 927 on the UPC Ireland cable service in the main cities of Dublin, Cork, Limerick, Galway, Waterford and Cappoquin, and the County Waterford towns of Lismore and Tallow.

Following consultation and a 10,000 tonne trial burn between March and May 2004, permission for the burning of the tallow was granted in August 2004. Following a £55 million boiler overhaul in 2005, the station began co-firing biomass.

Tariric acid is an acetylenic fatty acid that can be found in the tallow-wood tree, Ximenia americana.Fatope, Majekodunmi O., Oumar A. Adoum & Yoshio Takeda. (2000) C18 Acetylenic Fatty Acids of Ximenia americana with Potential Pesticidal Activity. J. Agric.

The United States Air Force has experimented successfully with the use of beef tallow in aviation biofuels. During five days of flight testing from August 23 to 27, 2010, at Edwards Air Force Base, California, a U.S. Air Force C-17 Globemaster III flew using JP-8 conventional jet fuel in three of its engines and a 50/50 blend of JP-8 and HRJ biofuel made from beef tallow in one engine on August 23, followed by a flight with the same 50/50 blend in all four engines on August 24. On August 27, it flew using a blend of 50% JP-8, 25% HRJ, and 25% coal-based fuel made through the Fischer–Tropsch process, becoming the first United States Department of Defense aircraft to fly on such a blend and the first aircraft to operate from Edwards using a fuel derived from beef tallow.

In the following years, San Antonio de Petrel's income was generated by the production of leather, jerky, soles, tallow, cordovan, and animal breeding. San Antonio de Petrel is located east of Pichilemu. Its current owner is Francisco Javier Errázuriz Talavera.

Methods of heat treatment: atmosphere furnace, molten salt, vacuum furnace, coal (coke) forge, oxy/acetylene torch. Quenching after heat treatment differs according to type of metal and personal preferences. Quenching can be done with oil, animal tallow, water, air, or brine.

Commercially important members include coco amine, oleylamine, tallow amine, and soya amine. Some applications of these compounds are in fabric softeners, froth flotation agents (purification of ores), and corrosion inhibitors. They are the basis for a variety of cosmetic formulations.

Manufacturing industry (mills, tallow-melting, butter-making, soap, leather, and other works) as well as bread, cattle, suet, and the hair trade developed in the town. A railway connected Voronezh with Moscow in 1868 and Rostov-on- Don in 1871.

Rendering of fats is also carried out on a kitchen scale by chefs and home cooks. In the kitchen, rendering is used to transform butter into clarified butter, suet into tallow, pork fat into lard, and chicken fat into schmaltz.

A further three were converted in 1970 and coded QTF, explicitly reserving them for tallow traffic from the pet food factory in Wodonga, and an abattoir in Wangaratta. The wagons were withdrawn by 1978 and converted to HR bogie transport vehicles.

Bikasha collaris is a species of flea beetle in the family Chrysomelidae. It is found in China, Taiwan, and Japan. It has been considered as a biological control for Chinese Tallow (Triadica sebifera) by the USDA due to its specialist feeding.

Triadica sebifera is a tree native to eastern China and Taiwan. It is commonly called Chinese tallow, Chinese tallowtree, Florida aspen, chicken tree, gray popcorn tree, or candleberry tree, The seeds (as well as from those of Triadica cochinchinensis) are the sources of stillingia oil, a drying oil used in paints and varnishes. The fatty coat of the seeds, used for candle and soap making, is known as stillingia tallow; hence its common name. It is relevant to biodiesel production because it is the third most productive vegetable oil producing crop in the world, after algae and oil palm.

While answering a public disturbance call on Pearl Street, NYPD Detective John Tallow's partner of twenty years is killed by a depressed apartment tenant. Tallow kills the tenant but the brief exchange of gunfire opens a hole in the wall of an apartment, the inside coated wall to wall with firearms. The firearms are revealed to have each been murder weapons in hundreds of unsolved killings over the last decade, the trophy room of an extremely prolific serial killer. Tallow, assisted by a pair of forensic analysts Bat and Scarly, are given the nearly impossible task of finding the killer behind the murders.

Japan wax (木蝋 Mokurō), also known as sumac wax, sumach wax, vegetable wax, China green tallow, and Japan tallow, is a pale-yellow, waxy, water-insoluble solid with a gummy feel, obtained from the berries of certain sumacs native to Japan and China, such as Toxicodendron vernicifluum (lacquer tree) and Toxicodendron succedaneum (Japanese wax tree). Claude Leray "Waxes" in Kirk- othmer encyclopedia of chemical technology 2006, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. Japan wax is a byproduct of lacquer manufacture. The fruits of the Toxicodendron trees are harvested, steamed, and pressed for the waxy substance which harden when cool.

He had more success using a sounding line with a bell-shaped lead weight armed with tallow hardened with lime; this would be indented by any shape that it struck to give an exact impression of the bottom; it would also collect any fragments of coral or grains of sand. These soundings were taken personally by FitzRoy, and the tallow from each sounding was cut off and taken on board to be examined by Darwin. The impressions taken on the steep outside slope of the reef were marked with the shapes of living corals, and otherwise were clean down to about 10 fathoms (18 m); then at increasing depths, the tallow showed fewer such impressions and collected more grains of sand until it was evident that there were no living corals below about 20–30 fathoms (36–55 m). Darwin carefully noted the location of the different types of coral around the reef and in the lagoon.

In 2011, they captured their 12th Senior County Title at the expense of Tallow. Ballygunner defeated arch-rivals Mount Sion in the 2014 Waterford Senior Club Hurling Championship final on a scoreline of 2-16 to 0-9 points in Walsh Park.

Together with manganese sulfate, MnO is a component of fertilizers and food additives. Many thousands of tons are consumed annually for this purpose. Other uses include: a catalyst in the manufacture of allyl alcohol, ceramics, paints, colored glass, bleaching tallow and textile printing.

In October 1996, Bonnar announced that he was transferring from Cashel King Cormacs to the Dunhill club in Waterford. He made his first appearance for his new club on 20 July 1997 in a 0-12 to 0-09 defeat by Tallow.

Of the cargo, 125 barrels of tallow were saved in good condition, 25 were half-filled, and 200-250 were mixed with sand. Upward of 3000 deals (sawn coniferous wood) were saved. The copper she was carrying went down with her.Lloyd's List №5973.

Jægergården (No. 150), a complex of low, tallow buildings, was built in the 1750s to design by Lauritz de Thurah. It was for a while used and as stables for the king's hunting dogs and from the 1790s as army barracks. Schæffergården (No.

Schlosser, Eric (2001). Fast Food Nation: The Dark Side of All-American Meal. Houghton Mifflin. According to a 1985 article in the New York Times, tallow was also used for frying at Burger King, Wendy's, Hardee's, Arby's, Dairy Queen, Popeyes, and Bob's Big Boy.

Although alcohols are by far the major substrate for ethoxylation, many nucleophiles are reactive toward ethylene oxide. Primary amines will react to give di-chain materials such as polyethoxylated tallow amine. The reaction of ammonia produces important bulk chemicals such as ethanolamine, diethanolamine, and triethanolamine.

Lard is a semi-solid white fat product obtained by rendering the fatty tissue of the pig."Lard" entry in the online Merriam-Webster Dictionary. Accessed on 2020-07-05. It is distinguished from tallow, a similar product derived from fat of cattle or sheep.

It was lit by a chandelier of 24 large tallow candles. In 1807 the 100-year lease on the lighthouse expired, whereupon ownership and management devolved to Trinity House. In 1810 they replaced the chandelier and candles with 24 Argand lamps and parabolic reflectors.

The rifle's cartridges contained 68 grains of FF blackpowder, and the ball was typically a 530-grain Pritchett or a Burton-Minié ball. Many sepoys believed that the cartridges that were standard issue with the new rifle were greased with lard (pork fat) which was regarded as unclean by Muslims and tallow (cow fat) which angered the Hindus as cows were equal to a goddess to them. The sepoys' British officers dismissed these claims as rumours, and suggested that the sepoys make a batch of fresh cartridges, and greased these with pig and cow fat. This reinforced the belief that the original issue cartridges were indeed greased with lard and tallow.

Lipid may be regarded as organic substances relatively insoluble in water, soluble in organic solvents(alcohol, ether etc.) actually or potentially related to fatty acid and utilized by the living cells. In 1815, Henri Braconnot classified lipids (graisses) in two categories, suifs (solid greases or tallow) and huiles (fluid oils). In 1823, Michel Eugène Chevreul developed a more detailed classification, including oils, greases, tallow, waxes, resins, balsams and volatile oils (or essential oils). The first successful synthesis of a triglyceride molecule was by Théophile-Jules Pelouze in 1844, when he produced tributyrin by reacting butyric acid with glycerin in the presence of concentrated sulfuric acid.

StateLibQld 2 15810 Woolscouring and Boiling Down Works, Longreach, 1898 StateLibQld 2 40883 Armstrong's Boiling Down Works, Charleville, 1898 Boiling down was the term used in Australia for the process of rendering the fat from animal carcasses to produce tallow. It was a common activity on farms and pastoral properties to produce tallow to be made into soap and candles for domestic use. Boiling down was industrialised in the 1840s, providing the rural sector with a valuable export commodity. It was particularly significant as it came during the 1840s economic depression when the pastoral industry was at a standstill and sheep and cattle otherwise had little value in the colonies.

The presence of so much alcohol soon led to the establishment of a Court of Petty Sessions, in January 1850, with William McAdam being appointed Chief Constable. By 1850 Maryborough was well established as a commercial centre and as a port for shipping wool, hides, timber, and tallow. Boiling down unwanted sheep produced tallow, used to manufacture soap in Britain, and James D. Walker and Edmund Blucher Uhr had established boiling down plants downstream from the settlement. There were also sawpits between the inns and the river, which were used to square-off timber, including Hoop Pine (Araucaria cunninghamii) and South Queensland Kauri (Agathis robusta), for ship transport.

The traders who traded for the hides, tallow and sometimes horns hauled them back to the east coast where the hides were used to make a large variety of leather products, most of the tallow was used for making candles and the horns were mostly used for making buttons. A trading trip typically took over two years. The classic book Two Years Before the Mast (originally published 1840) by Richard Henry Dana, Jr. gives a good first-hand account of a two-year sailing ship sea trading voyage to California which he took in 1834–5. Dana mentions that they also took back a large shipment of California longhorn horns.

George Masters had the monopoly of tallow candle making which had been granted to him by the City of Canterbury, with city butchers being obliged to sell animal fat to him for candle production. The parish of St. George being especially malodorous laying between the cattle market on one side and the butcher's slaughterhouse on the other. Apprentice Robert Cushman lived in George Master's house in St. George the Martyr parish making tallow candles at least until 1599 and likely as late as 1602 or 1603.Robert C. Cushman and Michael R. Paulick Robert Cushman, Mayflower Pilgrim in Canterbury, 1596–1607, The Mayflower Quarterly, vol.

The final game of the group stages was against Passage where it ended in a draw, with Ryan contributing 7 points. It all ended disappointingly for Tallow however as they drew De La Salle where they lost by 2–15 with Ryan scoring 0–2 from frees.

On 18 October 2015, Ballygunner won the championship following a 0-16 to 0-12 defeat of Tallow in the final. This was their 14th championship title, their second in succession. Lismore were relegated following a 1-18 to 1-12 defeat by De La Salle.

It extends from the Brunswick River to Lennox Head, and from mean high water out to three nautical miles from the coast or islands. It includes the tidal waters of the Brunswick River, Belongil and Tallow creeks. Migrating whales can typically be seen swimming past the Cape.

Later that year a boiling down works for tallow was established. In 1861 the Rockhampton Port Master recommended the site for a port, and government buildings were soon constructed. These included a Telegraph Office, Police Station and Courthouse. Macartney was the first magistrate at the courthouse.

Tallery Mountain is a summit in West Virginia, in the United States. With an elevation of , Tallery Mountain is the 479th highest summit in the state of West Virginia. Tallery Mountain was so named because it was supposed when wet, the slope is as slick as tallow.

Hans- Joachim Esser (2002): "A revison of Triadica Lour. (Euphorbiaceae)". Harvard Papers in Botany, volume 7, issue 1, pages 17-21 (5 pages) S. A. Narang and Sadgopal (1958): "Indian stillingia oil and tallow". Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society, volume 35, issue 2, pages 68-71.

He ended as an esquire, having been mayor, Justice of the Peace and sheriff of Northumberland. He collected tallow from all over England and sold it across the globe. He imported dyes from the Indies, as well as flax, wine, and grain. He sold tea, sugar, chocolate, and tobacco.

It is of the Aarne-Thompson type 425A, the search for the lost husband. The themes of marriage to the monstrous or mysterious husband, of curiosity inspired by the mother, and even the drops of spilled tallow are very similar to the Hellenistic romance of Cupid and Psyche.

The "EB" clay pipes were made by Eduard Bird (c. 1610–1665) of Amsterdam. There were bridle bits and stirrup irons, tar, tallow, rosin, mercury, olive oil, brandy, wine, vinegar, beer, preserved fruits, butter, flour and meat. The ship also carried shoes, linen, serge, woolen cloth and other cloth.

By 1853 the mission was deserted. The fort at Mission El Descanso Due to its proximity to the Pacific Ocean, El Descanso had been involved in a maritime commerce with ships that traveled along its shores in search of merchandise such as otter fur, salt, tallow, vegetables, and grain.

In November 1824 Globe was wrecked on Nickman's Ground, off Dagerort, Russia with the loss of Brydon, who drowned. She was on a voyage from St. Petersburg, Russia, to London. The vessel parted and her cargo of tallow and part of the wreck drifted towards shore.Lloyd's List №5969.

A Note on the Economic Values of Chinese Tallow Tree by Puran Singh, Indian Forester (1918), Vol. XLIV, No. 9. 53\. Note on the Preparation of Turpentine, Rosin and Gum from Boswellia serrata (Roxb.) gum-oleo-resin by R.S. Pearson and Puran Singh, Indian Forest Rec. (1918) Vol.

Cracklings, also known as scratchings, are the solid material which remains after rendering animal fat and skin to produce lard, tallow, or schmaltz. It is often eaten as a snack food or made into animal feed. It is also used in cooking.Alan Davidson, The Oxford Companion to Food, s.v.

Lambs finish with a minimal amount of fat and have a small bone to fat ratio. Meat is lean and without the tallow taste, as well as naturally low in cholesterol. Flavor and aroma is described as mild. Meat is judged as having good flavor, juiciness, and tenderness.

" From this a few words can be formed which come to bear some resemblance to ayaviri. For example, when the word huayra or wayra, which means "wind," "air," or "odor," is added as a suffix, the compound formed comes to mean "wind of the dead," "wind with a odor of the dead," or "bad wind which originates from the cemeteries. Likewise, when the word huera or wera, which means "tallow," "fat" or "grease" is made the suffix, the word denotes the tallow, fat or grease of a dead body. A connection might exist between these words and the many tombs recorded to have been present around the town by Pedro Cieza de León.

In the Indian rebellion of 1857, both Hindu and Muslims fought the forces allied with the British Empire in different parts of British India. The war's spark arose because the British attacked the "Beastly customs of Indians" by forcing colonial Indian soldiers to handle Enfield P-53 gun cartridges greased with lard taken from slaughtered pigs and tallow taken from slaughtered cows. The cartridges had to bitten open to use the gunpowder, effectively meaning that sepoys would have to bite the lard and tallow. This was a manifestation of the disregard that the British exhibited to Muslim and Hindu religious traditions, such as the rejection of pork consumption in Islam and the rejection of slaughter of cow in Hinduism.

105-112 Howard was a native of Boston, Massachusetts who came to California in 1839 as a cabin boy on a sailing ship. For several years he worked on ships trading hides and tallow along the Pacific coast. In 1845 he formed the San Francisco merchant business of Mellus & Howard.

The land was used for noxious industries such as making tallow from animal carcasses and wool scouring. The construction of the Illawarra railway in 1882 altered the flow of Wolli Creek and caused floodwater to drain into it.[Frith D. 2007. Management opportunities for Wolli Creek riparian zone discussion paper.

Myrica cerifera is a small evergreen tree or large shrub native to North and Central America and the Caribbean. Its common names include southern wax myrtle, southern bayberry, candleberry, bayberry tree, and tallow shrub. It sees uses both in the garden and for candlemaking, as well as a medicinal plant.

Kuluin State School is a government primary (Prep-6) school for boys and girls at Tallow Wood Drive (). In 2017, the school had an enrolment of 622 students with 47 teachers (41 full-time equivalent) and 21 non-teaching staff (16 full-time equivalent). The school includes a special education program.

Redmond Barry (by September 1696 - September 1750) was an Irish Member of Parliament. In 1717 he was elected to sit in the Irish House of Commons for Dungarvan. In the next general election, in 1727, he was elected for both Tallow and Rathcormack, sitting for the latter until his death.

In the 1930s catalytic hydrogenation was commercialized, which allowed the conversion of fatty acid esters, typically tallow, to the alcohols. In the 1940s and 1950s, petrochemicals became an important source of chemicals, and Karl Ziegler had discovered the polymerization of ethylene. These two developments opened the way to synthetic fatty alcohols.

José María Rojo was granted the five square league Rancho Cuyama in 1843. After Rojo died, Rancho Cuyama (No. 1) was sold in 1847 to Cesario Lataillade. Cesario Armand Lataillade (1819-1849) was a French trader involved in the hide and tallow trade who came to Santa Barbara in 1841.

The remainder of Canastotas cargo loaded at Australian ports comprised casks of tallow, hides and some general cargo. The ship's holds were not full and it was planned to load another 50,000 cases of defective 'benzine' at Wellington and a consignment of copra—a material subject to spontaneous combustion—at Suva.

Tallabogue Creek is a stream in the U.S. state of Mississippi. It is a tributary to the Chickasawhay River. Tallabogue is a name derived from the Choctaw language purported to mean "palmetto creek". Variant names are "Taala Bogue Creek", "Talla Bogue Creek", "Talla Creek", "Tallobogue Creek", and "Tallow Bogue Creek".

Early cotton softeners were typically based on a water emulsion of soap and olive oil, corn oil, or tallow oil. Softening compounds differ in affinity to various fabrics. Some work better on cellulose-based fibers (i.e., cotton), others have higher affinity to hydrophobic materials like nylon, polyethylene terephthalate, polyacrylonitrile, etc.

The original lock-gates at the downstream end of the lock chamber have been removed. The off-take regulator has 10 gates. The gates were originally of tallow-wood and were each in 3 leaves. These gates and the lifting gear were constructed at the Government Fitzroy Dock in Sydney.

It is suitable for furniture, and in house construction as panelling, siding, roof shingles, and framing. It is used for fuel and paper pulp. The wood can be vulnerable to termites, powderpost beetles, and other pests. The yellowish or reddish fat from the aromatic seed is called "kombo butter" or "Angola tallow".

He and his brother Arthur established a wool and hide exporting business based in Tauranga immediately after moving there in 1920 exporting "hides, calf skins, sheepskins, wool, tallow, horsehair etc". They were based on Willow St., Tauranga with depots in Te Puke, Whakatane, and Taneatua and acted as agents for Wilson and Canham.

In the past, beef suet was recommended as superior, with vegetable shortening as an alternative. In fact, McDonald's used a mixture of 93% beef tallow and 7% cottonseed oil until 1990, when they switched to vegetable oil with beef flavoring.Schlosser, Eric (2001). Fast Food Nation: The Dark Side of All-American Meal.

Gordon was born in 15 August 1861 in Seaforth, Lancashire, to James Gordon and his second wife Mary Emily Carter. Her father sold hide and tallow. She had six sisters and three brothers. Gordon also had an older stepsister and stepbrother, their mother Anne Barnsley Shaw had died from consumption in 1855.

Jackson was born in the Mytongate area of Kingston upon Hull. His father, John Jackson, was from a line of tallow chandlers and soap boilers. His mother died during his childhood. He attended Hull Grammar School and received private music tuition alongside it, becoming proficient on the flute, French horn, and piano.

Ximenia americana, commonly known as tallow wood, hog plum, yellow plum, sea lemon, or pi'ut (Chamorro),Raulerson, L., & A. Rinehart. Trees and Shrubs of the Mariana Islands. 1992. is a small sprawling tree of woodlands native to the tropics. Leaves are oval shaped, bright green and have a strong smell of almonds.

Farnan was purchased for $550,000 by Phoenix Thoroughbreds/Aquis Farms out of the Vinery Stud draft at the 2019 Magic Millions Gold Coast Yearling Sale. Farnan was bred by Phoenix and is the sixth foal of the talented Tallow, daughter of Street Cry, and winner of a Group III race The Vanity.

Henry Boyle-Walsingham (c. 1729 - 27 March 1756) was an Irish Member of Parliament. He was a younger son of Henry Boyle, 1st Earl of Shannon by his wife Henrietta, daughter of Charles Boyle, 2nd Earl of Burlington. He represented Tallow in the Irish House of Commons from 1751 until his death.

250px Bio-Blend Fuels Inc. is a company producing bio-diesel from various materials including beef tallow and vegetable oil. They are based in Manitowoc, Wisconsin and have an annual capacity of 2.6 million US gallons. The company is notable for producing bio-diesel from pig fat recovered from commercial bacon production facilities.

A type of dripping from Yorkshire, United Kingdom, where it is known as "mucky fat" Dripping, also known usually as beef dripping or, more rarely, as pork dripping, is an animal fat produced from the fatty or otherwise unusable parts of cow or pig carcasses. It is similar to lard, tallow and schmaltz.

During the rest of the 1820s, the agriculture and cattle ranching expanded as did the trade in hides and tallow. The new church was completed, and the political life of the city developed. Los Angeles was separated from Santa Barbara administration. The system of ditches which provided water from the river was rebuilt.

Cesario Lataillade acquired Rancho Corral de Cuati. Cesario Armand Lataillade (1819-1849) was a French trader involved in the hide and tallow trade who came to Santa Barbara in 1841. He married Antonia María de la Guerra (1827-), the fourth and youngest daughter of José de la Guerra y Noriega, in 1845.

There are also areas of sclerophyll forest, sub-alpine woodland, heathland and swampland. In the eucalpyt forests Brush box, Sydney blue gum and Tallow-wood predominate. Heathland is found at Wrights Lookout and in other patches. Previous estimates of the number of different plant species in the park place the figure at 500.

The majority of plant and animal oils are vegetable oils which are triglycerides—suitable for refining. Refinery feedstock includes canola, algae, jatropha, salicornia, palm oil, and tallow. One type of algae, Botryococcus braunii produces a different type of oil, known as a triterpene, which is transformed into alkanes by a different process.

Ned played for and coached countless Tallow teams in both hurling & football. He was widely regarded as one of the finest and most forward-thinking coach in GAA history, with many accolades and titles associated with his name. Ned died after a lengthy illness on 15 November 2007 at the age of 77.

Paper cartridges were often coated in beeswax, lard, or tallow, which served a number of purposes. They provided some degree of water resistance, they lubricated the paper-wrapped bullet as they were pushed down the bore, they melted upon firing to mix with the powder residue and make the resulting fouling easier to remove, and they were not as hazardous to carry and handle (especially in combat) since the gunpowder inside was not as susceptible to being ignited by stray sparks or other ignition sources. The standard procedure for loading a musket or rifled musket involved biting open the cartridge; this caused problems for those with strict dietary restrictions. In 1857, a new cartridge greased with tallow helped start the Indian Rebellion of 1857.

Tallow, Co. Waterford, at St. Patrick's Parish Hall Frank Ryan (1900–1965) was a tenor born in Fermoy, County Cork, Ireland in October 1900. The family moved to Tallow, County Waterford, Ireland when Frank was six years old and where his parents ran a victualling business. His voice developed late and he was in his mid 20s when it was discovered that he was a tenor, which won for him the Tenor Solo award at the Dublin Feis Ceoil in 1931 and the Feis Matthew on four occasions. He joined the Fermoy Choral Society in 1935 and took leading roles in The Gondoliers, Pirates of Penzance, The Geisha, The Yeomen of the Guard, H.M.S. Pinafore, The Mikado and in later years, Lilac Time.

The capsule walls fall away and release three globose seeds, about 12 mm in diameter and weighing about 0.15 g, with a white, tallow-containing covering. Seeds usually hang on the plants for several weeks. In North America, the flowers typically mature from April to June and the fruit ripens from September to October.

These seeds are easily carried to different places by birds and water. Tallow trees can remain productive for 100 years. It is also extremely hard to kill—its poisonous features in its leaves and berries leave it with few to no predators, and its short generation time means even freshly cut trees can quickly regrow.

The engine drives a diameter flywheel running at 68 rpm, with an diameter second motion wheel running at 136 rpm. The flywheel is grooved for 13 cotton ropes which are preserved with a dressing of tallow and graphite. The second motion wheel drives the lineshaft which ran for to the back of the weaving shed.

Knockanore is one of the 'United Parishes,' which collectively span an area wider than the village itself. The other parishes are Glendine, which reach southwards almost to Youghal. To the northern side lies Kilwatermoy, which reaches almost to Tallow. As a result, the parish is served by three churches, one at each of these locations.

Cystidia and cystidioles are absent from the hymenium. The binomial name, which combines the Latin words sebum ("tallow") and aquosus ("watery"), refers to the appearance of fresh fruit bodies. Sebiporia is grouped in the Cinereomyces clade. This clade, which groups phylogenetically outside of the "core polyporoid clade", contains the related genera Gelatoporia, Obba, and Cinereomyces.

The film was shot on location in Plymouth Naval Dockyard and the English Channel. Scenes showing the sailors in the water were shot in the open-air water-tank at Denham Studios. Other work was completed at Ealing studios. The brief scenes showing Petty Officer Tallow coming home on leave were filmed in Stepney, London.

Candle making was developed independently in many places throughout history. Candle moulding machine in Indonesia circa 1920 Candles were made by the Romans beginning about 500 BCE. These were true dipped candles and made from tallow. Evidence for candles made from whale fat in China dates back to the Qin Dynasty (221–206 BCE).

An oil can be extracted from lemonade berry seeds; moreover, this oil achieves a tallow consistency when left to stand. Thereafter the oil can be employed to manufacture candles, which burn brightly, albeit emitting a pungent scent. The wood of mature plants is dense and hard, making it prized for wood-burning fireplace kindling.

O'Brien was born in Brooklyn, New York, the seventh and youngest child of Agnes (née Baldwin) and James O'Brien. His parents were natives of Tallow, County Waterford, Ireland. When he was four years old, O'Brien's father died. He put on magic shows for children in his neighborhood with coaching from a neighbor, Harry Houdini.

For one year, 1830–31, Fitch was captain of the Leonor which transported Mexican convicts. He became a naturalized Mexican citizen in 1833. In Old Town, San Diego, Fitch operated a general store starting in 1833. At his store, he traded tallow, furs, and hides, outfitted hunters, and went on trading voyages on the coast.

Initially it dealt with the refinement of sugar, and the production of potash and tallow candles. It also possessed its own port basin and the number of its sugar refining plants grew from one to five. Soon, already in 1754, the Company was supplying the while monarchy with sugar that became its main traded article.

Livesey was elected a Member of Council of the Institution of Civil Engineers in 1906. Livesey gives his name to the Livesey Hall War Memorial. He married on 13 October 1859 at the church of St. Mary Magdalen, Peckham, to Harriet, the daughter of George Howard, a tallow chandler.London Metropolitan Archives P73/MMG/13, p.

Andy Burnham Reed constructed the first sawmill in Marin County in 1834.Marin County State Historical Landmarks, 2008 The mill cut wood for the San Francisco Presidio. He also raised cattle and horses and had a brickyard and stone quarry. Reed also did brisk businesses in hunting, skins, tallow, and other products until his death in 1843.

Also, the tallow picked up sediments from the bottom which expert sailors could examine to determine exactly where they were. The Carthaginian Hanno the Navigator is known to have sailed through the Strait of Gibraltar c. 500 BC and explored the Atlantic coast of Africa. There is general consensus that the expedition reached at least as far as Senegal.

After retiring from baseball, Righetti went to work for his father's tallow business in San Jose. Righetti had two sons, whom he taught to play baseball. His older son, Steve, played in minor league baseball, while his younger son, Dave, reached Major League Baseball with the Yankees. Righetti died at the age of 72 on February 20, 1998.

He was also one of the ministers of the merchants' lecture at Pinners' Hall. His church, after leaving Silver Street, met at Tallow Chandlers' Hall, Dowgate Hill, and then at Pinners' Hall, where he preached his last sermon 22 August 1697. Cole was buried in the upper ground of Bunhill Fields, but the precise spot is not known.

Thomas Ryan did not play as he was recovering from an injury sustained in the Waterford vs Cork Under 21 game. Tallows senior hurling team have already qualified for the Knockout Stages. The 22 August Tallow played Lismore in the group stages where they lost, 1–16 to 1–9. Thomas Ryan scored 0–1 from a free.

There are two methods of manufacture: one uses scissors, the other uses knives. In the scissor method, several pieces of paper — up to eight — are fastened together. The motif is then cut with sharp, pointed scissors. Knife cuttings are fashioned by putting several layers of paper on a relatively soft foundation consisting of a mixture of tallow and ashes.

The uncooked strips are covered with plastic wrap and left to rest for two hours in a cold place. They are then fried in oil or sometimes lard and the dough expands into shape. Traditionally, Icelanders fried kleinur in sheep tallow, but today oil is typically used. Lemon juice, brännvin or cognac are optional ingredients in klenäter.

Ishlykly is a traditional dish similar to pizza, but covered with dough. It is often prepared for special guests especially in the Turkmenistan, Afghanistan and other places where Turkmens live. The ishlykly consists of a two-layer dough and a meat vegetable mixture inside. Most commonly, sheep meat is used as cow and goat meat gets tallow.

In the low tropical valleys, sugar, coffee, tobacco, peppers and fruit are staple products. Livestock is an important industry and hides, tallow and wool are exported. Fine cabinet and construction woods are also made and exported to a limited extent. Potosí (in Bolivia) was believed to have enough gold to build a bridge between Potosí and Spain.

George John Rath (varyingly referred to as George Rath and John George Rath) was born in 1821 in Breitenau, Württemberg province, Germany. He came to the United States in the late 1840s and eventually settled in Dubuque, Iowa. In Dubuque, Rath began a merchant business, making and selling soap and tallow candles. He also began a pork packing operation.

Indeed, Dent became so interested in the watchmaking craft that, on 13 February 1807, his grandfather agreed to transfer the remaining years of the seven-year apprenticeship as a tallow chandler to Edward Gaudin, Watchmaker.Mercer, Vaudrey (1977). The Life and Letters of Edward John Dent, Chronometer Maker and some account of his Successors, p.15, The Antiquarian Horological Society. .

The mill cut wood for the San Francisco Presidio. He raised cattle and horses and had a brickyard and stone quarry. Reed also did brisk businesses in hunting, skins, tallow, and other products until his death in 1843 at 38 years of age. Richardson sold butter, milk and beef to San Francisco during the Gold Rush.

Silicosis which, at the time, was incurable, ruined miners' lungs quickly. Many other hazards existed. Apart from the lanterns or tallow candles the miners carried, the mines were otherwise completely dark. Miners at the time were also subject to the threat of tunnel collapse, flooding and the lack of oxygen in the deeper areas of the mines.

Brown, p.162. Siege engines were brought from Lincoln, Northampton and Oxfordshire, while carpenters built others on site using timber from Northamptonshire; ropes from London, Cambridge and Southampton; hides from Northampton and tallow from London. Labourers from across Bedfordshire and Northamptonshire were gathered by the relevant sheriffs, and miners from Hereford and the Forest of Dean.Brown, p.163.

South African Railways and Harbours Magazine, September 1943. pp. 657-659. Tyre wear was reduced by supplying jets of water, fed from diameter pipes, to the leading wheels while rounding curves. This was found to diminish friction significantly. The cylinders and slide valve faces were lubricated by tallow cups, attached to the sides of the cylinder assembly.

Benjamin Franklin's father, Josiah Franklin, was a tallow chandler, soaper, and candlemaker. Josiah Franklin was born at Ecton, Northamptonshire, England on December 23, 1657, the son of blacksmith and farmer Thomas Franklin and Jane White. Benjamin's father and all four of his grandparents were born in England. Josiah Franklin had a total of seventeen children with his two wives.

A tallow candle, whose parents are a sheep and a melting pot, becomes more and more disheartened as it cannot find a purpose in life. It meets a tinderbox who lights a flame on the candle, and it finally finds its right place in life and spreads joy and happiness for itself and its fellow creatures.

Cesario Lataillade acquired Rancho La Zaca. Cesario Armand Lataillade (1819-1849) was a French trader involved in the hide and tallow trade who came to Santa Barbara in 1841. He married Antonia María de la Guerra (1827-), the fourth and youngest daughter of José de la Guerra y Noriega, in 1845. Lataillade was granted Rancho Cuyama (No.

Jack Diamond, (April 9, 1909 - March 25, 2001) was a Canadian businessman and philanthropist. Born in Lubience in Galicia, Diamond immigrated to Vancouver in 1927. He bought a butcher shop and later created British Columbia's largest meat packing firm, Pacific Meats. In 1963, Diamond sold Pacific Meats and formed West Coast Reduction, a tallow and feed company.

Vincent, pp. 4–5. Alexander Ryrie who'd renamed his property Michalago, built St Thomas' church in the village of Michelago and life for those in the area was very self-sufficient, with income from wool, cattle for meat, milk and butter, locally grown fruit and vegetables, with soap and tallow candles also being made by hand.Vincent, p. 11.

A tin of dubbin Dubbin is a wax product used to soften, condition and waterproof leather and other materials. It consists of natural wax, oil and tallow. Dubbin has been used since medieval times to waterproof and soften leather boots. It is different from shoe polish, which is used to impart shine and colour to leather.

Several of his children married into other ranching families. As did other ranches, the Menéndez Márquez ranches sent cattle to St. Augustine. Cattle were sometimes driven to Apalachee Province, as well. A port called San Martin was established in the early 1670s on the Suwannee River, and Tomás shipped hides, dried meat and tallow to Havana from that port.

The first commercial lipstick had been invented in 1884, by perfumers in Paris, France. It was covered in silk paper and made from deer tallow, castor oil, and beeswax. Prior to this, lipstick had been created at home. Complete acceptance of the undisguised use of cosmetics in England appears to have arrived for the fashionable Londoner at least by 1921.

Meat can be preserved by salting it, cooking it at or near 100 °C in some kind of fat (such as lard or tallow), and then storing it immersed in the fat. These preparations were popular in Europe before refrigerators became ubiquitous. They are still popular in France, where they are called confit.Bruce Aidells (2012): The Great Meat Cookbook, page 429.

It is possible that they also existed in Ancient Greece, but imprecise terminology makes it difficult to determine. The earliest surviving candles originated in Han China around 200 BC. These early Chinese candles were made from whale fat. During the Middle Ages, tallow candles were most commonly used. By the 13th century, candle making had become a guild craft in England and France.

The threads pass through size to stiffen them and reduce friction. The size is a mixture of flour, soft soap and tallow: specific to the mill. The threads are dried over steam-heated cylinders and wound onto the weavers beam. The weavers beam is placed on a drawing-in frame, where each end is passed through the healds, and then through a reed.

The synthesis of olaflur starts from cattle's tallow. The contained fatty acids, mainly stearic acid (C17H35COOH), are obtained by hydrolysis, and then converted to the corresponding amides, which in turn are reduced catalytically to the primary amines (largely octadecylamine). Addition of acrylonitrile, followed by another reduction, yields N-alkyl-1,3-propanediamines. The two nitrogen atoms react with ethylene oxide to form tertiary amines.

The goals of the missions were, first, to spread the message of Christianity and, second, to establish a Spanish colony. Because of the difficulty of delivering supplies by sea, the missions had to become self-sufficient in relatively short order. Toward that end, neophytes were taught European-style farming, animal husbandry, mechanical arts and domestic crafts like tallow candle making.

These huge ranchos or cattle ranches emerged as the dominant institutions of Mexican California. The ranchos developed under ownership by Californios (Hispanics native of California) who traded cowhides and tallow with Boston merchants. Beef did not become a commodity until the 1849 California Gold Rush. From the 1820s, trappers and settlers from the United States and the future Canada arrived in Northern California.

The locomotive's cylinders were mounted outside the frame and were lubricated by gravitation from two tallow cups, attached to the smokebox sides immediately above the steam chests. The feedwater pumps, attached to the back of the spectacle plate, were operated from the piston crossheads. The locomotive used wooden brake blocks which were driver-operated by a hand brake in the cab.

On 28 November 1912, Friendship left Tweed River bound for Sydney with a cargo of tallow. She had made this voyage numerous times with only one accident, the grounding the previous June. This time, however, she ran aground again at Tweed Heads at the end of South Wall. She sank, taking her cargo down with her, but there were no injuries or fatalities.

Sodium tallowate is a common soap ingredient derived from tallow—the fat of animals such as cattle and sheep. Soaps which include the use of sodium tallowate include Dove, Dial, and Ivory. A popular alternative to this ingredient is sodium palmate, which is derived from palm oil. Soap is a pharmaceutical according to the United States Food and Drug Administration.

After relocating downstream from its original position between 1852 and 1856, Maryborough was proclaimed a Port of Entry in 1859 and a municipality in 1861. Early exports from the port included wool, timber, tallow, sugar, and coal. Maryborough became the port for Gympie after gold was discovered there in 1867. The 1880s were a prosperous time for the colony of Queensland generally.

Francisco Garcia received one and half square leagues, and built an adobe house. James Watson (1800-1863), born in Scotland, arrived by ship from the Sandwich Islands in Santa Barbara in 1824, and went to Monterey . He established a hide and tallow business, and married Mariana Escamilla (1805-1871) in 1830. In 1850, Garcia sold Rancho San Benito to James Watson.

He was invested to the Privy Council of Ireland in 1768 and represented Tallow in the Irish House of Commons from 1757 to 1768. The following year, he stood for Carysfort, a seat he held until his death in 1770. On 24 August 1738, he married Charleton Tilson, second daughter of Thomas Tilson. They had six daughters and four sons.

It was found particularly suitable as a lubricant for fine machinery, such as pocket watches. What remained after the oil was extracted was a waxy substance that could be made into spermaceti candles. These burned longer and brighter than tallow candles and left no smell and, as a result, sold at a higher price.Gordon Jackson, The British whaling trade, London, 1978, p.49.

Tenant farmers used surplus fish, tallow, and butter to pay the landowner his dues. Considerable regional variation in subsistence farming developed according to whether people lived close to the ocean or inland. Also, in the north of the country, the main fishing period coincided with the haymaking period in the autumn. This resulted in underdevelopment of fishing because labor was devoted to haymaking.

The Paraffin wax was processed by distilling residue left after crude petroleum was refined. Paraffin could be used to make inexpensive candles of high quality. It was a bluish-white wax, burned cleanly, and left no unpleasant odor, unlike tallow candles. A drawback to the substance was that early coal- and petroleum- derived paraffin waxes had a very low melting point.

A rendering process yields a fat commodity (yellow grease, choice white grease, bleachable fancy tallow, etc.) and a protein meal (meat and bone meal, poultry byproduct meal, etc.). Rendering plants often also handle other materials, such as slaughterhouse blood, feathers and hair, but do so using processes distinct from true rendering. The occupation of renderer has appeared in "dirtiest jobs" lists.

Cesario Armand Lataillade (1819-1849) was a French trader involved in the hide and tallow trade who came to Santa Barbara in 1841. He married Antonia María de la Guerra (1827-), the fourth and youngest daughter of José de la Guerra y Noriega, in 1845. Lataillade was granted the eleven square league Rancho Cuyama (No. 2). Lataillade acquired Rancho Cuyama (No.

It has also been suggested that 'Stenson' would have been a variant spelling of 'Stinson', the Stinsons being a very prominent family of tradesmen in this district. During the nineteenth and early twentieth century for example, several of this family were proprietors of businesses in the neighbouring village of Whitwick, which included a tallow candle factory, mineral water factory and butcher's shop.

They cultivated quiet Country Life interiors furnished with old things and lit with tallow candles in medieval candlesticks. Exteriors would show the luxuriant informality of Gertrude Jekyll's Roses for English Gardens.See the photo captioned "A Picturesque Corner of Warrawee" in Later Olive was to breed roses to look well in candlelight. Her second daughter was married in a "mediaeval gown".

Later that year a boiling down works for tallow was established. In 1861 the Rockhampton Port Master recommended the site for a port, and government buildings were soon constructed. These included a Telegraph Office, Police Station and Court House. Prior to the establishment of an Anglican church at St Lawrence, quarterly Catholic and Anglican services, were held at the Courthouse.

The preserved meat in casks was bought and used to a great extent by ships, many of which might be out of port for extended periods. The tallow and hides were also marketed. Clem Allcut during his term of ownership also manufactured beef extract. When the low prices of cattle prevailed, stock could sometimes be bought for as low as per head.

Consequently, reasons behind the establishment of the boiling down works at St Lawrence may also have been due to the effects of the depression. By 1865 the Queensland Government was in the process of extending the telegraph line between St Lawrence and Bowen, and to the Gulf of Carpentaria. In 1866, the Government proposed an impost on wool, tallow and hides.

12 (Edinburgh, 1970), p. 324. At the end of the 'lang siege' of Edinburgh Castle, in June 1573, Gardiner dismantled the culverins used as siege cannons against the castle and took them to Holyrood Palace and then to Leith. He was paid for cables and rope, soap, tallow, axles, wedges, and other equipment.Charles Thorpe McInnes, Accounts of the Treasurer: 1566-1574, vol.

One of the three side chains of this fat is described as unsaturated. The terms saturated vs unsaturated are often applied to the fatty acid constituents of fats. The triglycerides (fats) that comprise tallow are derived from the saturated stearic and monounsaturated oleic acids. Many vegetable oils contain fatty acids with one (monounsaturated) or more (polyunsaturated) double bonds in them.

Sturge was born into a farming family at Olveston, Gloucestershire, in 1749.England and Wales, Quaker Birth, Marriage and Death Registers, 1378–1837 (Ancestry.com). He was an apprentice at Poole, Dorset, by 1766, and afterwards began work as an oil-leather dresser. He seems to have been in London by 1782, where he worked as a tallow chandler and oil merchant.

However, glyphosate is no longer under patent, so similar products use it as an active ingredient. The main active ingredient of Roundup is the isopropylamine salt of glyphosate. Another ingredient of Roundup is the surfactant POEA (polyethoxylated tallow amine). Monsanto also produced seeds which grow into plants genetically engineered to be tolerant to glyphosate, which are known as Roundup Ready crops.

The 1928 Waterford Senior Hurling Championship was the 28th staging of the Waterford Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Waterford County Board in 1897. Erin's Own were the defending champions. Erin's Own won the championship after a 5-06 to 2-00 defeat of Tallow in the final. This was their second championship title overall and their second title in succession.

The 1931 Waterford Senior Hurling Championship was the 31st staging of the Waterford Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Waterford County Board in 1897. Erin's Own were the defending champions. Erin's Own won the championship after a 4-07 to 0-03 defeat of Tallow in the final. This was their fifth championship title overall and their fifth title in succession.

The 1932 Waterford Senior Hurling Championship was the 32nd staging of the Waterford Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Waterford County Board in 1897. Erin's Own were the defending champions. Erin's Own won the championship after a 2-02 to 0-02 defeat of Tallow in the final. This was their sixth championship title overall and their sixth title in succession.

The 1934 Waterford Senior Hurling Championship was the 34th staging of the Waterford Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Waterford County Board in 1897. Erin's Own were the defending champions. Erin's Own won the championship after a 6-04 to 0-02 defeat of Tallow in the final. This was their 8th championship title overall and their 8th title in succession.

The 1935 Waterford Senior Hurling Championship was the 35th staging of the Waterford Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Waterford County Board in 1897. Erin's Own were the defending champions. Erin's Own won the championship after a 4-07 to 2-04 defeat of Tallow in the final. This was their 9th championship title overall and their 9th title in succession.

The British Vegan Society will certify a product only if it is free of animal involvement as far as possible and practical, including animal testing, but "recognises that it is not always possible to make a choice that avoids the use of animals", an issue that was highlighted in 2016 when it became known that the UK's newly introduced £5 note contained tallow.

Common feedstock used in biodiesel production include yellow grease (recycled vegetable oil), "virgin" vegetable oil, and tallow. Recycled oil is processed to remove impurities from cooking, storage, and handling, such as dirt, charred food, and water. Virgin oils are refined, but not to a food-grade level. Degumming to remove phospholipids and other plant matter is common, though refinement processes vary.

Similar developments around Baku fed the European market. Kerosene lighting was much more efficient and less expensive than vegetable oils, tallow and whale oil. Although town gas lighting was available in some cities, kerosene produced a brighter light until the invention of the gas mantle. Both were replaced by electricity for street lighting following the 1890s and for households during the 1920s.

Flax was brought in from Ireland and the Baltic; timber came from North America; and tallow arrived from Russia. More locally, limestone and oats were transported from Ulverston and coal from Preston. Its popularity fell out of favour when Fleetwood's port opened in the 1840s."THE RIVER WYRE PORTS, SKIPPOOL CREEK AND WARDLEY'S – POULTON, BLACKPOOL AND THE FYLDE COAST" - JohnEllisBFC.wordpress.

During the fire, tallow and oil from the wharves spilled into the River Thames, destroying four sailing boats and numerous barges. London Bridge station also caught fire in the blaze, but the fire was put out by the station's private fire engines. The fire could be seen from up to away. In total, the damages from the fire were around £2 million.

Floors and internal walls are lined with tongue and groove tallow wood boards. The roof was originally lined with 4-ply asbestos felt (a commonly used building material at this time) with white marble chip protective finish, insulated with aluminium sarking and Insulwool batts and flashed with copper. It has since been replaced by metal decking. Windows are framed in steel.

Glyphosate: Herbicide Information Profile , USDA Forest Service, February 1997 Polyethoxylated tallow amine (POEA) is a surfactant added to Roundup and other herbicides as a wetting agent. POEA is not a single surfactant, but a complex mixture. The composition of each POEA surfactant is a proprietary trade secret. Monsanto's RoundUp, for example, contains a proprietary POEA surfactant called MON 0818 at a 15% concentration.

For instance, contrary to popular belief, Indigenous peoples had complex, structured societies prior to European contact. Vast infrastructure, extensive trade networks, and governing bodies were already in place. The Muskogees even had a ruling structure strikingly similar to the three branches of government that exist today in the U.S. The Anasazi developed a circuit of roads, and the main commercial areas—Chaco Canyon and Cahokia, present-day New Mexico and Missouri, respectively—facilitated the exchange of the three sisters crops of corn, squash, and beans, and tallow, a residue of mutton fat essential to the local pemmican diet. To supporters of this counter narrative, the widespread use of the three sisters crops and tallow across the entire continent demonstrates the efficiency of the Indigenous people's interconnected trade networks, and further challenges the dominant master narrative depicting the Indigenous peoples as uncivilized.

In the Gulf coast states, beekeepers migrate with their honey bees to good tallow locations near the sea.Example: in Youtube video Christmas in May! by Jeff Horchoff Bees The tree is highly ornamental, fast growing, and a good shade tree. It is especially noteworthy if grown in areas that have strong seasonal temperature ranges with the leaves becoming a multitude of colours rivaling maples in the autumn.

Hayes wrote Wild Turkeys and Tallow Candles (1920), an account of life in Granville, and The Sycamore Trail (1929), a historical novel. In 1929, she moved to West Park, New York to teach at Vineyard Shore School for women workers in industry, despite her pain from arthritis. She died on October 27, 1930. Her will left her brain to the Wilder Brain Collection at Cornell University.

The partnership of John and George Harris, general merchants and shipping agents, was established in 1853, with the firm involved in importing goods and exporting wool and tallow. George Harris became a well-known business and society figure in Brisbane. Following Queensland's separation from New South Wales in 1859 he was appointed a member of the first Queensland Legislative Council, serving until August 1878.

Tallow or lard was used as a lubricant to ease the insertion of muzzle loaded bullets.Harrison, p.19 Elongated rifle bullets were designed to be cast with grooves encircling the bullet to provide a reservoir for lubricant. These lubricants softened the black powder fouling for easier removal and reduced the tendency of bullets to leave deposits of lead in the barrel as they were fired.

It had a number of spacious rooms with an ample number of windows. It served many a social gathering with the Avilas hosting these events in the large sala (parlour). Francisco Avila would trade hides and tallow (a main ingredient in candles and soap) to acquire finer imported things from Mexico and beyond to furnish the house. French doors and window frames were ordered from Boston.

Breast milk served as an additional spiritual binder for the infant, binding its spirit to the mother's. Another common practice among granny midwives was the coating of infant's skin in lard, tallow, or Vaseline. This not only protected the infant's skin from the elements, but it also prevented meconium from adhering to the infant's skin. Granny midwives used a range of herbal and other remedies.

C31H64 is a typical component of paraffin wax, from which most modern candles are produced. Unlit candles Candles for Christmas. For most of recorded history candles were made from tallow (rendered from beef or mutton-fat) or beeswax. From the mid 1800s they were also made from spermaceti, a waxy substance derived from the Sperm whale, which in turn spurred demand for the substance.

This was a post Ottawa Agreement committee established by the United Kingdom and Australian governments. In 1939 he was transferred to Melbourne as Trade and Customs liaison officer to the Department of Supply and Development under Professor Jim Brigden, later Munitions under John Jensen, to which he was transferred in 1941. McFadyen chaired the Tallow Advisory Committee, 1942–44, composed of industry and government representatives.

However, the lease and the abundant coal supplies ended in 1680. The pits were shallow as problems of ventilation and flooding defeated attempts to mine coal from the deeper seams. 'William Cotesworth (1668-1726) was a prominent merchant based in Gateshead, where he was a leader in coal and international trade. Cotesworth began as the son of a yeoman and apprentice to a tallow - candler.

The nose was big enough to appear so in spite of > the expanse that surrounded it. The effect which she produced was one of > bulk....Titus Groan, Chapter: "Tallow and Birdseed" Lady Fuchsia Groan: Titus's sister. At times impatient, immature, and self- absorbed, she can also be extremely warm and caring. At first, she resents Titus, but gradually develops a deep bond with him.

At the topmost storey of the tower lead was heated until molten and then poured into a drop tube. During the free fall the lead drops became seamless spheres. By the time they reached the water-filled basin at the bottom of the tower the balls had already solidified. Sodium sulfide and oil or tallow were added to the water preventing the oxidation of the shot balls.

POEA concentrations range from <1% in ready-to-use glyphosate formulations to 21% in concentrates. POEA constitutes 15% of Roundup formulations and the phosphate ester neutralized polyethoxylated tallow amine surfactant constitutes 14.5% of Roundup Pro. Surfactants are added to glyphosate to allow effective uptake of water-soluble glyphosate across plant cuticles, which are hydrophobic, and reduces the amount of glyphosate washed off of plants by rain.

Akah, Nworu, Mbaoji, Nwabunike, & Onyeto 2012 Detarium senegalense trees are propagated by stones which are often distributed by animals who consume the fruits. Germination occurs 6–10 weeks after propagation, though the germination rate is typically low.El-Kamali 2011 Although tallow trees are leguminous, they do not fix significant amounts of nitrogen.National Research Council 2008 The Detarium senegalense tree has two phases of fructification.

John Frederic Ryland was an Irish Anglican priest. Ryland was born in Waterford and educated at Trinity College, Dublin.Alumni Dublinenses: a register of the students, graduates, professors and provosts of Trinity College in the University of Dublin (1593–1860), Burtchaell, George Dames/Sadleir, Thomas Ulick (eds), p725: Dublin, Alex Thom and Co, 1935. After curacies in Elstead and Waithe he was Rector of Tallow, County Waterford.

Atherton got to know Elishu Loring, a shipping agent and secured a position with Loring & Co, a ship chandlery firm. He was made responsible for the operation of vessels plying between Boston - Valparaíso, Chile and Monterey, California. After working in Chile for a year he sailed to Hawaii to investigate business opportunities there. He returned to Valparaíso and engaged with the hide and tallow trade.

Moreover, the sources of fat were diverse from butter, beef tallow, and lard, to vegetable and fish oils. The weight gaining effects on mice when feeding those with high beef fat diet is 1.38 times more remarkable than feeding them with canola oil. Additionally, they both can be found in rodents’ and humans’ diets. Researchers have created the study models of high carbohydrate and high proteins.

Gadirtha inexacta is a moth of the family Nolidae first described by Francis Walker in 1858. It is found in northern India and Myanmar,"A new species of Gadirtha Walker (Nolidae, Eligminae): a proposed biological control agent of Chinese tallow (Triadica sebifera (L.) Small) (Euphorbiaceae) in the United States". as well as on Borneo. It has also been recorded from Queensland and New South Wales in Australia.

Arriving five days later, it stayed until 7 August. The Otago's next voyage, with a cargo of fertilizer, soap and tallow, was to Mauritius, then a British possession east of Madagascar in the southwest Indian Ocean. The ship reached Port Louis on 30 September 1888, setting sail again for Melbourne on 21 November 1888 with a cargo of sugar, arriving on 5 January 1889.

Windows were kept small and to a minimum, and placed high on walls as a protective measure in case of Indian attack. A few of the missions had imported glass window panes, but most made do with oiled skins stretched tightly across the openings.Baer, p. 32 Windows were the only source of interior illumination at the missions, other than the tallow candles made in the outposts' workshops.

WiX 3.0's Heat replaced WiX 2.0's more limited Tallow tool. There is also a third-party tool called Paraffin, available under the Common Public License, which offers several features not present in Heat. In particular, Paraffin can keep the GUIDs assigned to each file the same even when the tool is run multiple times. Paraffin can also exclude files by extension or regular expression.

The "tetrapharmakos" was originally a compound of four drugs (wax, tallow, pitch and resin); the word has been used metaphorically by Roman-era Epicureans.The name cannot be traced further back than Cicero and Philodemos. Pamela Gordon, Epicurus in Lycia: The Second-century World of Diogenes of Oenoanda, University of Michigan Press (1996), p. 61, fn 85, citing A. Angeli, "Compendi, eklogai, tetrapharmakos" (1986), p. 65.

In 1728 Bigland was apprenticed within the Tallow Chandlers' Company to a cheesemaker. He was made free of the company in 1737 and served as its master in 1772. He was based in London but his occupation took him to the Low Countries and Leith in Scotland. The War of the Austrian Succession brought him to Flanders, where he supplied cheese to the allied armies.

The Matoaka sailed from Lyttelton for London on 11 May 1869. She had 44 passengers on board together with a cargo of wool, flour, tallow, flax, skins, and assorted items. She was the last ship of the season to sail and would be taking the clipper route around Cape Horn. Unknown to all on board, except for the officers, was she was carrying £50,000 in gold.

Dr. Bennett assembled a crude operating table from two boards supported by barrels. Dr. Bennett gave his wife laudanum to make her sleepy and had two negro servants support her on the table while Elizabeth's sister, Mrs. Hawkins, held a tallow candle to light the makeshift operating table. Dr. Bennett cut his wife's abdomen with a single sweep of his knife and extracted his infant daughter, Maria.

Only the lower class had tattoos. It was also fashionable at parties for men and women to wear a perfumed cone on top of their heads. The cone was usually made of ox tallow and myrrh and as time passed, it melted and released a pleasant perfume. When the cone melted it was replaced with a new one (see the adjacent image with the musician and dancers).

Crowood Press, 2013, pp. 117–118. The paper was wrapped around the cylindrical section of the bullet and secured with wool string secured in the grooves. The end of the bullet was then covered in melted tallow, before the black powder was filled in behind the bullet and the end wrapped. For the 18 lødig rifles, a load of 96 grains (6.22 g) was used.

The Roman Catholic Parish of Tallow centres on the Church of the Immaculate Conception on Chapel Street, built in 1826. It is the tallest building in the town. St. Catherine's Church of Ireland on Mill Road, was built in 1775 but closed in the 1960s due to falling numbers of parishioners. The nearest Anglican church is St. Mary's, Fountains, 7 km east in the townland of Kilanthony.

In India, wax from boiling cinnamon was used for temple candles. In parts of Europe, the Middle-East and Africa, where lamp oil made from olives was readily available, candle making remained unknown until the early middle-ages. Candles were primarily made from tallow and beeswax in ancient times, but have been made from spermaceti, purified animal fats (stearin) and paraffin wax in recent centuries.

"Wakefield" brand displacement lubricator mounted on a locomotive boiler backplate. Through the right-hand sight glass a drip of oil (travelling upwards through water) can be seen. The pistons and valves on the earliest locomotives were lubricated by the enginemen dropping a lump of tallow down the blast pipe. As speeds and distances increased, mechanisms were developed that injected thick mineral oil into the steam supply.

Carbohydrates, which are usually supplied by grains including corn, wheat, barley, etc. serves as a major energy source in poultry feed. Fats, usually from tallow, lard or vegetable oil are essentially required to provide important fatty acid in poultry feed for membrane integrity and hormone synthesis. Proteins are important to supply the essential amino acids for the development of body tissues like muscles, nerves, cartilage, etc.

Blueberries, cherries, chokeberries, and currants are also used, but in some regions, these fruits are almost exclusively in ceremonial and wedding pemmican. The additional use of sugar was noted in the journals of European fur traders. These ingredients are mixed together with rendered animal fat (tallow). Among the Lakota and Dakota nations, there is also a corn wasná (or pemmican) which does not contain dried meat.

Patches were usually pre-cut and pre- lubricated, with grease, tallow, or something similar, so they were ready when needed. The patch box kept the patches handy for loading. The lubricant allowed relatively easy and rapid ramming of the ball into the muzzle, while still transferring the twist from the rifling to the projectile. The patch would generally fall away within feet of the muzzle after firing.

Between the bridge and the basin, the Halford Branch turned off and headed south. On its east bank were the Ridgacre Oil Works, the Cyclops Iron Works, the Waterloo Iron Works and the Hall End Iron Works. Ridgacre Iron Works was on the west bank. By 1904, the oil works had become the Hall End Chemical Works, and the Cyclops Works was processing soap and tallow.

Indigenous peoples had shaped the environment and utilized its resources, but Europeans even more significantly changed the environment with large-scale resource extraction, especially mining, as well as the transformation of agriculture to cultivation of crops to feed urban populations and the introduction of livestock, used for food, leather, wool, and tallow. Deforestation increased at a rapid pace and water resources were appropriated by Europeans.

The 1981 Waterford Senior Hurling Championship was the 81st staging of the Waterford Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Waterford County Board in 1897. Tallow were the defending champions. On 4 October 1981, Mount Sion won the championship after a 4-13 to 1-14 defeat of Dunhill in the final. This was their 25th championship title overall and their first title since 1975.

The 1986 Waterford Senior Hurling Championship was the 86th staging of the Waterford Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Waterford County Board in 1897. Tallow were the defending champions. On 14 September 1986, Mount Sion won the championship after a 0-16 to 0-10 defeat of Lismore in the final. This was their 27th championship title overall and their first title since 1983.

In Scania, the lingonberry jam is often replaced by finely sliced apples, fried along with the pork. Other blood-based foods include blodkorv (blood sausage) which differs from blodpudding by having raisins, pork tallow and apple sauce in it, blodplättar (blood pancakes, similar to the original Finnish dish veriohukainen above) and blodpalt. There is also a soup made from blood, called svartsoppa (black soup).

Additional company business and endeavors are myriad, and includes the purchasing and selling of various products such as palm oil, tallow and soy grains, electricity generation from biomass, pulp production and distribution, industrial waste management, consulting services, real estate acquisitions, sales and leasing, publishing agribusiness information, and several other activities. Henrique Meirelles, Brazil's former Minister of Finance, was chairman of the company from 2012 to 2016.

The 2011 Waterford Senior Hurling Championship was the 111th staging of the Waterford Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Waterford County Board in 1897. De La Salle were the defending champions. On 16 October 2011, Ballygunner won the championship after a 1-19 to 0-06 defeat of Tallow in the final. This was their 12th championship title overall and their first title since 2009.

The promenade deck housed the library and smoking room for first-class passengers. Kroonland was launched on the afternoon of 20 February 1902 in a small, informal ceremony. Mrs. Rodman Griscom christened the ship, but Kroonland did not budge on the launching way; cold weather had frozen the tallow used to grease the timbers. Hydraulic jacks eventually freed the ship for her plunge into the Delaware River.

The 1943 Waterford Senior Hurling Championship was the 43rd staging of the Waterford Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Waterford County Board in 1897. Erin's Own were the defending champions. On 19 September 1943, Mount Sion won the championship after a 3-08 to 1-05 defeat of Tallow in the final. This was their fourth championship title overall and their first title since 1940.

Before the 1940s, body solder was often used to repair large imperfections prior to painting. In both new cars and vehicle repair shops. Solder repairs were conducted using a flame and wooden paddles covered in tallow or motor oil, which prevented the half-molten lead from sticking. After World War 2, automotive panels became thinner and larger, with a greater susceptibility to warping, making hot solder unsuitable.

In the other direction there are four services to and from Tallow where connections can be made for Fermoy. On Saturdays a local bus company operate a service to Cork. On Sundays Bus Éireann route 366 links Lismore to Dungarvan and Waterford. This route only operates on Sundays and comprises a single journey in one direction (no return service on any day of the week).

Darwin was initially the haunt of gauchos and cattle farmers, but sheep farming came to dominate the area, and Scottish shepherds were brought in. A few years later, the first large tallow works in the islands (though not the first) was set up by the FIC in 1874. It handled 15,891 sheep in 1880. From the 1880s, until 1972, Darwin and Fox Bay had their own separate medical officers.

Longbows will last a long time if protected with a water- resistant coating, traditionally of "wax, resin and fine tallow". The trade of yew wood to England for longbows was such that it depleted the stocks of yew over a huge area. The first documented import of yew bowstaves to England was in 1294. In 1470 compulsory practice was renewed, and hazel, ash, and laburnum were specifically allowed for practice bows.

As a subsistence animal, fatty-tailed sheep provided meat for food, oil for cooking, and tallow for light. The poorest Kimaks herded cattle. They wintered in the steppe between the Emba and Ural rivers, but summered near the Irtysh. The summer home of the Kimak Khakans was in the town of Imak, in the middle Irtysh, the winter capital was Tamim on the southern shore of lake Balkhash.

Kip full grain leather was a Water Buffalo hide impregnated with tallow, oils and waxes; it was made in India. Split Kip was split leather and was often used just on the heel (the quarters). The presence of wax and oil made the leather hard, and necessitated a heated Half Round Bottom Glazer for shaping over the last. Kip lasts up to 40 years, but is no longer imported.

The candle makers (chandlers) went from house to house making candles from the kitchen fats saved for that purpose, or made and sold their own candles from small candle shops. Beeswax, compared to animal-based tallow, burned cleanly, without smoky flame. Beeswax candles were expensive, and relatively few people could afford to burn them in their homes in medieval Europe. However, they were widely used for church ceremonies.

Gun Machine is a hardboiled detective thriller by English author Warren Ellis. The novel, Ellis' second, was released on 1 January 2013 through Mulholland Books, and reached The New York Times Best Seller list. It follows Detective John Tallow as he becomes involved in a mystery surrounding several unsolved homicides. Ellis intended the book to serve as a contrast to police procedurals such as CSI, which he dubbed "bedtime stories".

A very early fairy tale by Andersen, "The Tallow Candle" (), was discovered in a Danish archive in October 2012. The story, written in the 1820s, was about a candle that did not feel appreciated. It was written while Andersen was still in school and dedicated to one of his benefactors. The story remained in that family's possession until it turned up among other family papers in a local archive.

Sodium tallowate, for example, is obtained by reacting tallow with sodium hydroxide (lye, caustic soda) or sodium carbonate (washing soda). It consists chiefly of a variable mixture of sodium salts of fatty acids, such as oleic and palmitic.Ruth Winter (2007): A Consumerýs Dictionary of Household, Yard and Office Chemicals: Complete Information About Harmful and Desirable Chemicals Found in Everyday Home Products, Yard Poisons, and Office Polluters. 364 pages.

Atherton settled permanently in Valparaiso and became a successful merchant dealing in hides and tallow, foodstuffs, and other commodities. He married into a prominent Chilean family in 1843 and soon had a family. Atherton wrote to his friend Larkin in Aug 1843 to say that he had got married the previous month. Atherton’s letter also highlights the trade route in place at the time between Valparaíso - Mazatlán - San Francisco.

Cooking dairy products may reduce a protective effect against colon cancer. Researchers at the University of Toronto suggest that ingesting uncooked or unpasteurized dairy products (see also Raw milk) may reduce the risk of colorectal cancer. Mice and rats fed uncooked sucrose, casein, and beef tallow had one-third to one-fifth the incidence of microadenomas as the mice and rats fed the same ingredients cooked. This claim, however, is contentious.

Gadirtha pulchra is a moth of the family Nolidae first described by Arthur Gardiner Butler in 1886. It is found from the Indian subregion to the Ryukyu Islands in Japan and Thailand, Singapore, New Guinea and Queensland in Australia."A new species of Gadirtha Walker (Nolidae, Eligminae): a proposed biological control agent of Chinese tallow (Triadica sebifera (L.) Small) (Euphorbiaceae) in the United States". The wingspan is about 40 mm.

Bog butter is found buried inside some sort of wooden container, such as buckets, kegs, barrels, dishes and butter churns. It is of animal origin, and is also known as butyrellite. Until 2003 scientists and archaeologists were uncertain of the origin of bog butter. Scientists working at the University of Bristol discovered that some samples of the "butter" were of adipose/tallow origin while others were of dairy origin.

Jose Antonio Fernando Serrano (1804-) was granted Rancho Cañada de Los Alisos in 1842. Serrano married Maria Petra Avila. Serrano and his sons raised crops to sell, however, their principal industry was cattle, from which hides and tallow were sold. With the cession of California to the United States following the Mexican-American War, the 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo provided that the land grants would be honored.

Biodiesel blends, most commonly B5 and B20, are becoming increasingly available at service stations in all Australian states. Up to 5% biodiesel can be included in any diesel sold in Australia without additional labelling. Australia does not produce renewable diesel, which differs from biodiesel. However, exports of tallow to Singapore for the manufacture of renewable diesel have increased significantly in recent years, due to reduced demand from biofuel refineries in Australia.

The oldest known census in Buzău showed, in 1832, a total population of 2567, of which one was Austrian, one was English, 18 were Jewish and the rest Romanian. Around 1837–1840, public lighting was introduced on the main street. The street lamps were using tallow candles. By 1861, the number of public street lamps grew from 38 to 50. In 1841 the streets were realigned "by urban rules".

Historical map of the Chesapeake Bypass The Chesapeake bypass was first proposed in 1953. In 1961, the US 52 expressway opened from Chesapeake westward towards Sheridan. The original eastern terminus of the four-lane divided highway was at the current Chesapeake northbound-only exit ramp east of Tallow Ridge Road. US 52 originally crossed at the present-day Robert C. Byrd Bridge that connects Chesapeake to Huntington, West Virginia.

After Peter took over the complete printing business in 1746, Timothy opened a bookstore next door to the printing office on King Street. She not only carried books, but also stationery and writing supplies such as ink, powder, and quills. She also carried tallow, beer, and flour. In a Gazette ad published in October 1746, she announced the availability of books such as pocket Bibles, spellers, and primers.

Survival of accidents is a close second Older and modern votive paintings have depicted car and cart accidents, falls into hot tallow, electrocutions, animal attacks and many different diseases. Violent events such as attacks by robbers, police drunken husbands, fires, earthquakes, storms and mine collapses also appear. People depicted range from farmers, to miners, to politicians and prostitutes. Surgeries are depicted complete with masked doctors, oxygen tanks and other paraphernalia.

Historically, poisoning was very successful in reducing wolf populations, particularly in the American West and Imperial Japan. Strychnine was the most frequently used compound. The poison would be typically mixed in lard or tallow, and spread on bits of meat, or placed within incisions on the bait. Though effective, the method had the disadvantage of greatly loosening the fur of the dead wolf, causing it to shed easily.

The tall oil rosin finds use as a component of adhesives, rubbers, and inks, and as an emulsifier. The pitch is used as a binder in cement, an adhesive, and an emulsifier for asphalt. TOFA is a low-cost and vegetarian lifestyle-friendly alternative to tallow fatty acids for production of soaps and lubricants. When esterified with pentaerythritol, it is used as a compound of adhesives and oil-based varnishes.

Animals are raised for a wide variety of products, principally meat, wool, milk, and eggs, but also including tallow, isinglass and rennet. Animals are also kept for more specialised purposes, such as to produce vaccines and antiserum (containing antibodies) for medical use. Where fodder or other crops are grown alongside animals, manure can serve as a fertiliser, returning minerals and organic matter to the soil in a semi-closed organic system.

John Knight was born on Christmas Day in 1792 to a large Quaker family of farmers in Hertfordshire, England. He left home at the age of 15, with only the money in his pocket, and set off to try and make his fortune in London. First, he served as an indentured apprentice in a grocer's shop in the Mile End, East London. There, Knight learned the art of tallow candle dipping.

Grafting wax is a composition of rosin, beeswax, tallow, and similar materials, used in gluing and sealing the wounds of newly grafted trees or shrubs to protect them from infection. The current formulation typically used in the northwestern portion of the United States for fruit trees, is based on a mixture created by Albert Sak, a German-from-Russia immigrant. The exact original composition is a closely guarded family secret.

The late professor John Turner wrote: "the modern technology and large scale of the Sydney Soap and Candle Company made it the outstanding industrial establishment of its kind. Upfold had wide experience of colonial conditions and constructed his Port Waratah works on recent British and American lines, in a location which gave unequalled access to tallow and coal." He appears to have taken an additional interest in mining.

It > measures eighty feet each side. The sanctuary has three graceful and lofty > minarets—Praise be to the Creator, as if they were three young coquettish > muezzins—and seven high domes. The wayfarers are lavishly given a loaf of > bread and a tallow candle for each person, and a nosebag of barley for each > horse—free of charge. On either side of the fortress is a caravanserai with > eight shops.

The communications and information company MacDonald, Dettwiler and Associates, which developed the robotic systems deployed to space by the Canadian Space Agency which appear on the $5 banknote, sent some members of the media a promotional package containing a $5 banknote and a letter in January 2014. The letter stated that the release of the banknotes afforded the company "a unique opportunity to highlight Canada's tremendous accomplishments in space" as well as the company's role in a "very cost- effective way". The Bank of Canada commissioned a life-cycle assessment of the 2001 Canadian Journey and 2011 Frontier series banknotes to evaluate the environmental impact of the life cycle of each banknote. After officials at the Bank of England confirmed reports that the polymer £5 note issued in September 2016 contained traces of tallow, a rendered animal fat derived from suet, Bank of Canada officials stated that additives in the polymer pellets used for producing banknotes in the Frontier series contained trace quantities of tallow.

Established before 1330 (when it was recorded as being invited to contribute funds to King Edward III) and possibly before 1199 (from when there is some documentary evidence, relating to a property in Aldersgate Street, of its existence as a body), the company received further Byelaws and Ordinances from Lord Mayor John Stodeye in 1358. New Ordinances were issued in 1371 and the company was granted a Royal Charter in 1484 – one of only three known Royal Charters of King Richard III, the others being for the College of Arms and for the incorporation as a county borough of the city of Gloucester. The Company remains governed under its 1663 Royal Charter of King Charles II and corresponding Ordinances of 1664. Wax chandlers (or merchants in beeswax products) traded separately from Tallow Chandlers; beeswax candles, being expensive, were usually reserved for churches and the households of royalty and nobility, while tallow candles were generally used in ordinary homes.

Dial was the first antibacterial soap introduced in the United States. It was developed by chemists from Armour and Company and introduced in the Chicago market in 1948. Armour had been producing soap since 1888, first as "Armour Family Soap"; soap was made from tallow, a by-product of the meat production process. The name Dial was chosen because the soap advertised "'round-the- clock" protection against the odor caused by perspiration.

By May 1833, his hide and tallow business had gone under and he was looking for a new venture. He entered into partnership with Feliciano and Mariano Soberanes, taking control of Rancho El Alisal in December, 1833. The adobe house he built was said to be the first house in the area to have glass windows. There was also a silver mine on Hartnell's property which was the first mine discovered in California.

New Orleans, the "gateway to the Mississippi", is a porous port city with rich soils. In turn, many aquatic plants are introduced to the region, making Louisiana the state with the second largest list of invasive aquatic species, second to Florida. The "Dirty Dozen" details a list of the United States' most destructive invasive species. Of the twelve, four are identified in the state, including the zebra mussel, tamarisk, hydrilla, and Chinese tallow.

William Davis Merry Howard was a native of Boston and came to California in 1839 as cabin-boy on the ship California. He arrived at Monterey in the early part of 1839. The vessel then went to San Pedro; and Howard became clerk trading hides and tallow for Abel Stearns, who was then a merchant at Los Angeles. In 1840 Howard went home, via Mexico, to see his relatives, and returned to California in 1842.

Petrel gave Rojas y Puebla and to its successive owners a good income, through the manufacture of leather, jerky, soles, tallow and cordovan, as well as the grazing lease to other farmers, the granting of permits to graze their animals and their care. Products from Petrel were exported to Peru, and sold in Santiago and Valparaíso. Petrel was also severely affected by drought periods in 1730, 1740 and 1780. President Aníbal Pinto.

Antique rushlight holders are occasionally found in North America, but most were probably imported from England; "none are known to bear the mark of an American smith." In New England, "rushlights were used little if at all in colonial days." Rushlights should not be confused with rush-candles. A rush-candle is an ordinary candle (a block or cylinder of tallow or wax) that uses a piece of rush as a wick.

The Cape Byron Marine Park is located in Northern NSW and extends from the Brunswick River to Lennox Head. The Marine Park extends out to which dictates the border between state and federal jurisdiction. The marine park covers the area of and includes a variety of marine terrain including beaches, rocky shores, open ocean and the tidal waters of the Brunswick River and its tributaries, the Belongil creek and Tallow Creek.Marine Parks Authority. 2010.

In 1797 the newly created Board of Health Commissioners was given the authority to make ordinances for cleaning the city. Efforts to address standing water and sewage in the streets where the soap and candle makers worked, prompted the soap boilers and tallow chandlers talk of petitioning the Legislature for a removal of the Health Officer. He authored the Quarantine Act of 1799."Early History of Medicine in New York", Part II, Americana, Vol.

In the mid-1850s, James Young succeeded in distilling paraffin wax from coal and oil shales at Bathgate in West Lothian and developed a commercially viable method of production. Paraffin could be used to make inexpensive candles of high quality. It was a bluish-white wax, which burned cleanly and left no unpleasant odor, unlike tallow candles. By the end of the 19th century, candles were made from paraffin wax and stearic acid.

Another side trade was smuggling along the Pacific coast of the Spanish Empire, where foreign trade was prohibited by Spanish law. This trade peaked in the 1810s, then faded in the 1820s. Traders concentrated on Alta California, which produced a surplus of grain, beef, tallow, and hides, but was chronically short of manufactured goods. American ships brought goods to the missions of Alta California in exchange for grain, beef, and Californian sea otter skins.

The grain, beef, and other provisions were taken to Sitka, which was perennially short of foods supplies. After Mexico gained independence in 1821 the American trade with Alta California continued in a slightly modified form. American traders brought mostly clothing, cottons, silks, lace, cutlery, alcohol, and sugar, which were traded for hides and tallow at a profit generally between 200% and 300%. The California Hide Trade became a major industry in its own right.

On 11 July 1896, almost exactly 92 years after the first Landrails capture by Syren, the torpedo gunboat HMS Landrail rammed and sank the clipper merchant ship Siren. The Siren was a large four-masted vessel carrying a cargo of wool and tallow from Sydney to Britain. The accident occurred on a clear night, some thirty miles from Portland Bill. There were no lives lost on either vessel and Landrail herself suffered trifling damage.

Detarium senegalense - MHNT Detarium senegalense is a leguminous tree in the subfamily Detarioideae. Unlike most members of the family, it produces globular fruits.Adenkunle, Afolayan, Okoh, Omotosho, Pendota, & Sowemimo 2011 Its common names include ditax, ditakh, detar, and tallow tree. The tree is of value for several reasons: the fruit is nutritious,National Research Council 2008 is locally prominent in folk medicineAkah, Nworu, Mbaoji, Nwabunike, & Onyeto 2012 is a source of quality timber.

Another mineral found in Brixham is ochre. This gave the old fishing boats their "Red Sails in the Sunset", but the purpose was to protect the canvas from sea water. It was boiled in great caldrons, together with tar, tallow and oak bark. The latter ingredient gave its name to the barking yards which were places where the hot mixture was painted on to the sails, which were then hung up to dry.

Box Head is a coastal locality, not a suburb, of the Central Coast region of New South Wales, Australia, in the local government area. It is within Bouddi National Park in close proximity to several beaches, including Iron Ladder Beach, Lobster Beach and Tallow Beach. The headland itself marks the northern entrance to Broken Bay from the Tasman Sea. Box Head refers to the large headland that viewed from the ocean resembles a box.

As discussed further below, Blake's scheme was in many ways successful. Cochinchina rice was grown in Jamaica and South Carolina; the tallow-tree prospered in Jamaica, Carolina, and in other American colonies; and many of the plants he sent to Britain were also raised in several botanical gardens near London. He also sent to England some specimens of fossils and ores. He fell ill and died in Canton on 16 November 1773, aged 28.

By the 1860s, butter had become so in demand in France that Emperor Napoleon III offered prize money for an inexpensive substitute to supplement France's inadequate butter supplies. A French chemist claimed the prize with the invention of margarine in 1869. The first margarine was beef tallow flavored with milk and worked like butter; vegetable margarine followed after the development of hydrogenated oils around 1900. centrifugal cream separator sped up the butter- making process.

Messaging platform Whatsapp cooperated with NSW Police in the endeavour to recover chat logs from the night. However, the information Whatsapp could provide was limited due to encryption. In July, a grey Puma hat similar to the one Hayez was wearing when he was last seen was found in bushland at Tallow Beach by community search volunteers. Hayez's final phone signal was determined to be in the proximity of Cape Byron on 1 June 2019.

Significant points along this trade route were Gilan and Derbent, as the origins of the maritime and overland trade routes between Russia and Persia respectively, and the commercial centres of Astrakhan and Shamakhi. Shamakhi in particular was the site of much merchant trade from Russia: silks, leather, metal wares, furs, wax and tallow. Persian merchants traded in Russia, additionally, reaching as far as Nizhny Novgorod and Kazan, which developed into trade centres.

Matthews, Owen. Glorious Misadventures: Nikolai Rezanov and the Dream of a Russian America, Bloomsbury Publishing, Kindle Edition, ch. 16. Sick with hunger and scurvy, they arrived under the guns of the Spanish overlooking San Francisco Bay on 27 March, meeting with the comandante of San Francisco, Don José Darío Argüello. During a stay of six weeks, Rezanov was successful in bartering and buying wheat, barley, peas, beans, flour, tallow, salt and other items.

At the age of 14, Dent became apprenticed to his grandfather, John Wright Dent, a tallow chandler. Under the terms of the indenture – dated 20 August 1804 – John Wright Dent was expected to find suitable lodgings for his apprentice. Fortunately, Edward John Dent's cousin, Richard Rippon, was willing to have him. Rippon was an expert watchmaker and Dent became fascinated by watchmaking and less interested in the business of making and selling candles.

The flooring in the main house is 150 mm box and in the skillion 150 mm tallow wood. The only early stairs in the building were a steep racked flight in the original cart house. These have been retained but a second flight has been installed at the ground floor level. The old ladder access to the attic has been replaced by a concealed stairway but the original attic trap door has been retained.

John McElhone (16 June 1833 - 6 May 1898) was an Australian politician. He was born in Sydney to milk vendor Terence McElhone and Catherine Mallon. He attended St Mary's Seminary School and was an apprentice seaman from 1851. In 1859 he was a commercial agent, and from 1867 to 1872 he was a merchant dealing with hide and tallow. On 5 February 1862 he married Mary Jane Browne, with whom he had nine children.

It is often asserted among enthusiasts' groups that one factor in the failure of the leather flap was rats, attracted to the tallow, gnawing at it. Although rats are said to have been drawn into the traction pipe in the early days, there was no reference to this at the crisis meeting described above. Historian Colin Divall believes there to be "no documentary evidence whatsoever" for rats causing such problems on the railway.

In about 1917, Bunting began producing and selling "Dr. Bunting's Sunburn Remedy", marketing the product as an alternative to the greasy, tallow-based medicating creams in use during the period. For the first 3 years, George A. Bunting and Elizabeth Buck mixed, heated and poured the product themselves. The name was changed to Noxzema, supposedly because a satisfied customer who exclaimed, "Sure knocked my eczema!." An early slogan was “The miracle cream of Baltimore”.

Since the early 1800s, Aldermaston has held a candle auction every three years. The open auction starts with a horseshoe nail driven through a tallow candle an inch below the wick and lit in the parish hall. The lot is the lease of Church Acre, a plot of granted to the church in 1815 after the Inclosures Act. The proceedings are overseen by the vicar and churchwardens, who drink rum punch throughout the auction.

Grapeshot was the starting point for the creation of shrapnel. ; Carcass : An incendiary/antipersonnel projectile designed to burn fiercely and produce poisonous fumes. It was constructed of an iron frame bound with sack cloth and filled with various ingredients such as pitch, antimony, sulfur, saltpeter, tallow and venetian turpentine. It was ignited by the cannon's propellant charge, bursting on impact with the target and releasing noxious fumes while setting fire to its surroundings.

A triglyceride molecule, the main constituent of lard Lard consists mainly of fats, which in the language of chemistry are known as triglycerides. These triglycerides are composed of three fatty acids and the distribution of fatty acids varies from oil to oil. In general lard is similar to tallow in its composition. Pigs that have been fed different diets will have lard with a significantly different fatty acid content and iodine value.

"The Tallow Candle" () is a 700-word literary fairytale by Danish writer Hans Christian Andersen (1805-1875). It was written in the 1820s, making it one of his earliest works and his first known work in the fairytale genre, but its existence was apparently unknown to scholars or the public for almost two centuries. A copy of the manuscript was discovered in a filing box in the National Archives of Funen in October 2012.

Wilson found a case of 'benzine' that had just floated ashore. The drums were intact but the case itself was sightly charred. At the same time, he also found small portions of a boat. On 27 July, he found a barrel of tallow with the distinctive markings later reported by Captain Weatherill and, finally, on the evening of 29 July, pieces of charred timber from benzine cases were found on the western beaches.

Others who arrived in the area around the same time were the Imlay brothers, who also began farming there. Their name has since been preserved in the form of Mount Imlay National Park. Live cattle were transported to Sydney for a time, to be supplemented by tallow and hides in the early 1840s. Beef and dairy farming were carried on in the area through the 1840s, and many towns were surveyed in the 1850s.

Lahib was retired from racing to become a breeding stallion at his owner's Derrinstown Stud. He was briefly based at the Scarvagh House Stud before moving to the Old Road Stud in Tallow, County Waterford in 2009. His best offspring have included Vicious Circle (Ebor Handicap), Super Tassa, Last Resort (Challenge Stakes), Late Night Out (Supreme Stakes), Mus-If (National Stakes), Dutch Gold (Chester Vase), La-Faah (Horris Hill Stakes), River Belle (Mrs. Revere Stakes).

Sealing of the piston on a Newcomen engine had been achieved by maintaining a small quantity of water on its upper side. This was no longer possible in Watt's engine due to the presence of the steam. Watt spent considerable effort to find a seal that worked, eventually obtained by using a mixture of tallow and oil. The piston rod also passed through a gland on the top cylinder cover sealed in a similar way.

The real-life story of Spanish serial killer Manuel Blanco Romasanta (1809–1863), also known as the "Tallow Man", who killed several women and children, sold their clothes, and extracted their body fat to make soap, resembles Grenouille's methods in some ways. The name of Jean-Baptiste Grenouille might be inspired by the French perfumer Paul Grenouille, who changed his name into Grenoville when he opened his luxury perfume house in 1879.

Vegan soap made from olive oil; soap is usually made from tallow (animal fat). Vegans replace personal care products and household cleaners containing animal products with products that are vegan, such as vegan dental floss made of bamboo fiber. Animal ingredients are ubiquitous because they are relatively inexpensive. After animals are slaughtered for meat, the leftovers are put through a rendering process and some of that material, particularly the fat, is used in toiletries.

No greater obsequies of greatness and pomp will be > done him than this. On the 22nd, at 7:30 in the morning, Viceroy Don Pedro > Mendinueta left for Spain.... > Bulls, illumination -- lights of paper of silk with little tallow candles -- > fireworks and a masked ball in the coliseum.... Minuets, paspiés, bretañas, > contradances, fandangos, torbellinos, mantas, puntos and jotas were > danced.Baquero, Mario Hernán (1988), El Virrey Don Antonio Amar y Borbón. > Banco de la República, p.

In 1627 King Charles I reduced the Crown's cost of running Castle Cornet by granting additional rights to Guernsey in a charter, in return for which the island became responsible for supplying victuals to the castle, including annual amounts of 100 tuns (1 tun holds 252 gallons) of beer, 600 flitches of bacon, 1,200 pounds of butter, 20 whey (around 4,600 pounds) of cheese, 3,000 stockfish, 300 pounds of tallow, twelve bulls, wood and coal.

Louis J Gardella was the son of Joseph Gardella, who owned a tallow works, and Carlotta Gardella, both Italian immigrants. Louis Gardella was a construction company executive, then head of the machinery construction division of the War Production Board.Gardella appointed construction head. The Los Angeles Times (Los Angeles, California) 15 Sep 1942, Tuesday, Page 201940 United States Federal Census Later Gardella worked as an assistant to Republic Pictures president Herbert J. Yates.

Port Elizabeth exported 41,290 pounds, (18738 kg), in 1828, with a large increase to 86,931 pounds, (39431 kg), goods exported in 1829. Exports included wine, brandy, vinegar, ivory, hides and skins, leather, tallow, butter, soap, wool, ostrich feathers, salted beef, wheat, candles, aloe, barley, and more. Home of South Africa's motor vehicle industry, Port Elizabeth boasts most vehicle assembly plants, General Motors, Ford, Volkswagen, Continental Tyres and many other automotive-related companies.

Some of those became rancheros and traders during the Mexican period, such as Abel Stearns. Cattle hides and tallow, along with marine mammal fur and other goods, provided the necessary trade articles for mutually beneficial trade. The first American, English, and Russian trading ships first appeared in California a few years before 1820. The classic book Two Years Before the Mast by Richard Henry Dana, Jr. provides a good first hand account of this trade.

Music from national and local musicians is also available along with locally produced soaps made from buffalo tallow and natural local herbs, such as cedar, rose, sage, and sweet grass. Five Nations Arts is established in the former Northern Pacific Railway station, on Main Street in Mandan. "Five Nations" refers to the five federally recognized tribes in North Dakota: the Anishinaabe (a.k.a. Chippewa and Métis of Turtle Mountain) Mandan, Hidatsa, and Arikara Nation (a.k.a.

George Vancouver visited Mission San Buenaventura in 1793 and noted the wide variety of crops grown: apples, pears, plums, figs, oranges, grapes, peaches, pomegranates, plantain, banana, coconut, sugar cane, indigo, various herbs, and prickly pear. Livestock was raised for meat, wool, leather, and tallow, and for cultivating the land. In 1832, at the height of their prosperity, the missions collectively owned over 150,000 cattle and over 120,000 sheep. They also raised horses, goats, and pigs.

They soon became one of the major consumers of coal in the UK. Gas lighting affected social and industrial organisation because it allowed factories and stores to remain open longer than with tallow candles or oil. Its introduction allowed nightlife to flourish in cities and towns as interiors and streets could be lighted on a larger scale than before.Charles Hunt, A history of the introduction of gas lighting (W. King, 1907) online.

It would then be towed into shallower water and the procedure repeated until the whole ship could be raised completely.For a detailed account of the raising operations, see Rule (1983), pp. 39–41; Marsden (2003), pp. 20; Peter Marsden, "Salvage, Saving and Surveying the Mary Rose" in Marsden (2009), pp. 12–14. A list of necessary equipment was compiled by 1 August and included, among other things, massive cables, capstans, pulleys, and 40 pounds of tallow for lubrication.

Influences include bands such as Darkthrone, Gorgoroth, Dødheimsgard, and Bethlehem, and genres like thrash metal, doom metal, punk, and folk. The group included current and former members of other San Francisco-based bands, including Impaled, Hammers of Misfortune, Tallow, Missile Command, Ominum, and punk band Hickey. They shared the stage with the death metal band Impaled, the post-hardcore/noise rock outfit Total Shutdown, the instrumental math metal band the Fucking Champs, and the black metal band Krallice.

The original town of San Diego was located at the foot of Presidio Hill, in the area which is now Old Town San Diego State Historic Park. The location was not ideal, being several miles away from navigable water. Imported goods and exports (primarily tallow and hides) had to be carried over the La Playa Trail to the anchorages in Point Loma.Historic La Playa Trail Association website This arrangement was suitable only for a very small town.

Lacie Burning has also engaged in curatorial work. They collaborated with scholar June Scudeler on the exhibition “Unsettling Colonial Gender Boundaries” for the 2017 Queer Arts Festival. This exhibition explores Indigenous experiences of gender and sexuality and brings intersectional Queer-Indigenous experiences and Two-Spirit media art to the forefront. Burning and Scudeler commissioned media works and performances from artists Thirza Cuthand (Cree), Chandra Melting Tallow (Siksika), Raven Davis (Anishinaabek), and Kent Monkman (Swampy Cree) for the exhibition.

A candle in a candle stick A candle is an ignitable wick embedded in wax, or another flammable solid substance such as tallow, that provides light, and in some cases, a fragrance. A candle can also provide heat or a method of keeping time. A person who makes candles is traditionally known as a chandler. Various devices have been invented to hold candles, from simple tabletop candlesticks, also known as candle holders, to elaborate candelabra and chandeliers.

Exposure to long periods of low relative humidities (below 40%) can cause leather to become desiccated, irreversibly changing the fibrous structure of the leather. Chemical damage can also occur from exposure to environmental factors, including ultraviolet light, ozone, acid from sulfurous and nitrous pollutants in the air, or through a chemical action following any treatment with tallow or oil compounds. Both oxidation and chemical damage occur faster at higher temperatures. Various treatments are available such as conditioners.

In the past, traffic consisted of shipments of: resins, scrap materials, lumber, logs, fertilizer, steel, feed grade grains, and tallow. However, in December 2011, EOG Resources opened an online Sand Processing Plant. Sand now represent over 90% of the shipments, with the railroad hauling an estimated 160,000 tons of sand per month. This volume of traffic has required a total rebuilding of much of the trackage as well as construction of new interchange and car staging yards.

Nafija Hadžikarić was born around 1893 in Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, into a Bosniak family of fine craftsmen. She was one of eight children—three sons and five daughters. Her father Avdija Hadžikarić did not hesitate to educate his female children, an unusual act among Muslims in the 19th century. His five daughters were educated in Sarajevo to become teachers, albeit under unfavorable circumstances; doing homework by the light of tallow candles and walking great lengths daily to school.

An open can of dubbin From medieval times, dubbin, a waxy product, was used to soften and waterproof leather; but it did not impart shine. It was made from natural wax, oil, soda ash and tallow. As leather with a high natural veneer became popular in the 18th century, a high glossy finish became important, particularly on shoes and boots. In most cases, homemade polishes were used to provide this finish, often with lanolin or beeswax as a base.

In order to prepare apohtin, the animal is opened in the middle. Its head, intestines and tallow are removed. Then the meat is washed, salted and left (in a state to protect it from threats able to harm its quality, such as insects), to the sun for a period of three to four weeks in order to get dry. After that period, meat is sliced into small pieces, washed again and becomes available for any type of cooking.

Illipe butter is a vegetable fat from the nut (known as the "false illipe nut") of the Shorea stenoptera tree, sometimes used as a butter substitute."Illipe Nuts", Innvista Borneo tallow nut oil is extracted from this species. The word Illipe is derived from the Tamil word for the tree Iluppai (இலுப்பை). The true illipe nut is from the species Madhuca latifolia; it is used for producing biodiesel, and Mowrah Butter is from Madhuca longifolia, Family Sapotaceae.

To acquire luxury items he could not produce, Garcia, like most coastal rancheros, traded hides, tallow, and produce to smugglers. As a result, his rancho was adorned with bronze candlesticks, fine candles, artificial flowers, framed engravings, and elegant furniture. He also enjoyed seemingly unlimited supplies of wine and champagne. Although it is likely Garcia got most of his luxury items from smugglers, he may have obtained some of them from another source – Point Reyes' many shipwrecks.

Until his death in 1855, he published 112 works. In the fat domain, Braconnot described in 1815 that fats are formed of a solid part ("absolute tallow") and an oily compound ("absolute oil"), their consistency resulting from the proportions of the two parts. This conclusion was obtained after pressing fats in the cold between filter papers (Ann Chimie 1815, 93, 225). Furthermore, after saponification and acidification Braconnot separated a solid fraction similar to "adipocire" described by Fourcroy (1806).

The farm was then transferred to Goose Green, south of Darwin and separated by the Boca Wall of peat, which grew to overshadow Darwin. Darwin was initially the haunt of gauchos, and cattle farmers, but sheep farming came to dominate the area, and Scottish shepherds were brought in. A few years later, the first large tallow works in the islands (though not the first) was set up by the FIC in 1874. It handled 15,891 sheep in 1880.

The company was founded by Joseph T. O'Keefe and Thomas A. Drew. The packing plant was east of the city, where Grand Trunk and Pere Marquette railways met. The retail operation was at #53 King Street West, between John Hales' butcher shop and Bright's Opera House; it would later house Percy Parliament's clothing store. The packing plant was later taken over by the Darling Company, which used it to render tallow; Darling closed in the 1970s.

At the end of three years, she asked to visit her parents. There, her mother gave her a candle so that she could see him. At night, she lit it and looked at him, and a drop of tallow fell on his forehead, waking him. He told her that if she had waited another month, he would have been free of an evil witch queen's spell, but now he must go to the witch's realm and become her husband.

Cattle roundup near Great Falls, Montana, circa 1890 Prior to the mid-19th century, most ranchers primarily raised cattle for their own needs and to sell surplus meat and hides locally. There was also a limited market for hides, horns, hooves, and tallow in assorted manufacturing processes.Malone, J., p. 5. While Texas contained vast herds of stray, free-ranging cattle available for free to anyone who could round them up, prior to 1865, there was little demand for beef.

The large herds of cattle owned by Californios in Alta California and the products derived from the animals were popular trade goods. This later helped convince the HBC to establish their own livestock venture on the Pacific Coast. The Alta Californian hide and tallow trade greatly influenced John McLoughlin. In 1832 convinced fellow HBC officers and employees in the Columbia Department to create a new joint stock company to purchase several hundred cattle from Alta California.

The manor was held by the de Cahaignes or Keynes family, and this was incorporated into the village name. Ashton House was built in the 18th century and is Grade II listed. In 1851 in the 35 homes in Gosditch were living a tailor, saddler, tallow chandler, stonemason, many glove makers and a cobbler. The Horse and Jockey (now closed) was a "scrumpy house", selling cider made from the apples from the orchards in the village.

Candle makers (known as chandlers) made candles from fats saved from the kitchen or sold their own candles from within their shops. The trade of the chandler is also recorded by the more picturesque name of "smeremongere", since they oversaw the manufacture of sauces, vinegar, soap and cheese. The popularity of candles is shown by their use in Candlemas and in Saint Lucy festivities. Tallow, fat from cows or sheep, became the standard material used in candles in Europe.

Rendering a beached whale in California Rendering is a process that converts waste animal tissue into stable, usable materials. Rendering can refer to any processing of animal products into more useful materials, or, more narrowly, to the rendering of whole animal fatty tissue into purified fats like lard or tallow. Rendering can be carried out on an industrial, farm, or kitchen scale. It can also be applied to non-animal products that are rendered down to pulp.

Dial was developed by a chemist from Armour and Company, a meat-packing company, and introduced in the Chicago market in 1948. Armour had produced soap since 1888; its laundry soap was made from tallow, a by-product of Armour's meat production processes. Dial was made antibacterial by the addition of hexachlorophene, referred to by the company as AT-7. The product was named Dial and promised "round-the-clock" protection against the odor caused by perspiration.

The River Bride () is a river in counties Cork and Waterford in Ireland. It is a tributary of the Munster Blackwater. Rising in the Nagle Mountains, it flows eastward, passing through the towns of Rathcormac, Castlelyons, Conna and Tallow, before joining the Blackwater at Camphire, approximately north of Youghal. The English poet Edmund Spenser is reputed to have written part of his poem "The Faerie Queene" on the banks of the Bride in the Conna area.

Ball of pemmican Depiction of European fur trader trying pemmican for the first time Pemmican is a mixture of tallow, dried meat and dried berries used as a nutritious food. Historically, it was an important part of indigenous cuisine in certain parts of North America, and is still prepared today. The word comes from the Cree word pimîhkân, which itself is derived from the word pimî, "fat, grease".Sinclair, J.M. (ed) English Dictionary Harper Collins: 2001.

Competition was intense with market shares divided among many companies there where neither imports nor exports played a significant role. By the late 1990s, giants like Henkel, Unilever, and Petrofina sold their oleochemical factories to focus on higher profit activities like retail of consumer goods. Since the Europe outbreak of 'mad cow disease' or (bovine spongiform encephalopathy) in 2000, tallow is replaced for many uses by vegetable oleic fatty acids, such as palm kernel and coconut oils.

The town was named after George A. Suffolk (1876-1952) who dedicated a large parcel of land to the Byron Shire Council for community use on 16 November 1922. Suffolk Park has grown to a point of having its own identity. Situated just south of Cape Byron, Suffolk Park is a ten-minute drive from Byron Bay. Tallow Beach, which stretches 15 km from Cosy Corner at the Cape south to Broken Head lies adjacent to the suburb.

He ordered villages to slay sheep just in order to clear his rifle barrel with the tallow. The villagers had none at their side, so five villages (Stepanci, Prisad, Smilovci, Nikodin, Krstec) secretly conspired to murder Ali-Aga, but no one dared to fulfill the task. Then, Gligor Sokolović, aged 25, from a sixth village, accepted it. Sokolović, with his friend Tale Šejtan, prepared an ambush on the road of Babun, and waited for several days.

Leslie Henson was born in Notting Hill, London, the eldest child and only son of Joseph Lincoln Henson, a tallow chandler, and his wife, Alice Mary (née Squire).1911 Census Returns of England and Wales, Kew, Surrey, England: The National Archives of the UK (TNA), 1911. He was educated at the Emanuel School (Wandsworth), and at Cliftonville College (Margate). Interested in the theatre from an early age, Henson wrote and produced theatrical pieces while at school.

The wards are two story brick buildings with wide verandas on the north eastern elevation. The verandas are supported by circular columns. Other buildings on the eastern part of the Bloomfield site include the former Nurses Home 1 (now Tallow Wood Hostel). This two storey brick building is designed in the Inter War Georgian Style featuring a columned portico on the main elevation and an upper level veranda at the rear of the u-shaped building.

The Spanish (1784–1810) and Mexican (1819–1846) governments made a large number of land grants to private individuals from 1785 to 1846. These ranchos included land taken from the missions following government-imposed secularization in 1833, after which the missions' productivity declined significantly. The ranchos were focused on cattle, and hides and tallow were their main products. There was no market for large quantities of beef (before refrigeration and railroads) until the California Gold Rush.

Bricks were to be laid in old English Bond with damp proof courses and hoop iron reinforcing. Air gratings were to be fixed for the sub floor spaces with slate steps to the outer doors set on brick risers. External cladding and carpentry were to be of hardwood the frame and roof timbers of Oregon or approved local pine. Architraves and mouldings were to be in redwood, floor boards tallow wood and lining boards in Kauri pine.

Denis Diderot, Jean Le Rond d' Alembert, Encyclopédie ou dictionnaire raisonné des sciences ..., Volume 35, Part 1 In 1844, the French writer, Nicolas Boyard, warned against even giving tallow graves (the dregs of the tallow pot) to dogs, though the English favored them (see below), and suggested a meat-flavored soup: In England, care to give dogs particular food dates at least from the late eighteenth century, when The Sportsman's dictionary (1785) described the best diet for a dog's health in its article "Dog": In 1833, The Complete Farrier gave similar but far more extensive advice on feeding dogs: It was not until the mid-1800s that the world saw its first food made specifically for dogs. An American electrician, James Spratt, concocted the first dog treat. Living in London at the time, he witnessed dogs around a shipyard eating scraps of discarded biscuits. Shortly thereafter he introduced his dog food, made up of wheat meals, vegetables and meat. By 1890 production had begun in the United States and became known as "Spratt’s Patent Limited".

The export market for Australian wool suffered a severe price slump in the 1840s. Low demand for cattle and sheep to stock new pastoral runs and the small local market for beef, mutton or lamb meant cattle and sheep had little value in the colonies. Boiling-down works provided a vital source of income to the squatters when sheep were selling for as low as sixpence each. Pastoralist George Russell built a boiling works at Golf Hill Station, in the Western District (Victoria), and expressed his belief that, "melting down the Stock has been the salvation of the colonies."Brown, P. L. (1958) Clyde Company Papers, 1841-45, Vol III, Oxford University Press, p.519 Henry O'Brien of Yass experimented with boiling down sheep in large cauldrons to extract the tallow (fat for soap and candle making). He publicised his experiments in an article that appeared in The Sydney Morning Herald on 19 June 1843. It was reprinted in various other colonial newspapers and is credited with kick-starting the production of tallow as a new export industry in rural Australia.

Even when the wool price recovered, boiling down works helped maintain a minimum price for sheep of around five shillings per head.Overlanders and Boiling Down, citing Nissen J.A., Creating the landscape: A history of settlement and land use in Mt Crosby, Master of Arts Thesis, U of Q, 1999 Langlands and Fulton operated an iron foundry at 131 Flinders St West, Melbourne, Australia, where Fulton developed a technique for boiling-down sheep for tallow around in 1843-44 when squatters slaughtered their otherwise worthless sheep in the thousands due to a rural depression.Cashman, Richard I., 'Langlands, Henry (1794–1863)', Australian Dictionary of Biography, National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, accessed 17 September 2012 In Victoria, Joseph Raleigh is credited with one of the first large scale boiling-down works, when in 1840 he erected a plant near the Stoney Creek Backwash in Yarraville. From a very small quantity of 50 tons of tallow produced in 1843, to 430 in tons in 1844, over 4500 tons, worth £130,000 were produced in 1850 in Victoria alone.

Schmaltz rendered from a chicken or goose was used by northwestern and eastern European Jews who were forbidden by kashrut (Jewish dietary laws) from frying their meats in butter or lard, the common forms of cooking fat in Northern Europe, as butter, being derived from milk, cannot be used with meat under the Jewish prohibition on mixing meat and dairy, and lard is derived from pork, a nonkosher meat. Furthermore, tallow derived from beef or mutton would have been uneconomical, particularly given that virtually all suet (the raw material for tallow) is chelev and its consumption is forbidden. Northwestern and Eastern European Jews also could not obtain the kinds of vegetable-derived cooking oils such as olive oil and sesame oil used in the Middle East and around the Mediterranean (as in Israel, Spain and Italy). Thus Ashkenazi Jews turned to poultry fat as their cooking fat of choice; the overfeeding of geese to produce more fat per bird produced modern Europe's first foie gras as a side effect.

The hacienda became the social and commercial center of this vast rancho. Annual rodeos and cattle round-ups, horse racing, and games often took place here. The Peraltas eventually had over 8,000 head of cattle and 2,000 horses grazing on the rancho, and built a wharf on the bay near the hacienda headquarters in order to trade the rawhide and tallow produced by their cattle. The Peralta family built a total of 16 houses over a fifty-year period on Rancho San Antonio.

The Spanish and later Mexican governments rewarded retired soldados de cuera with large land grants, known as ranchos, for the raising of cattle and sheep. Hides and tallow from the livestock were the primary exports of California until the mid-19th century. The construction, ranching and domestic work on these vast estates was primarily done by Native Americans, who had learned to speak Spanish and ride horses. Unfortunately, a large percentage of the population of Native Californians died from European diseases.

The Thomas Hedley Co. was a British company based in Newcastle upon Tyne manufacturing soap and candles. It was founded in 1837 by two businessmen, Thomas Hedley and John Green, who set up a manufacturing facility on the city's City Road. Tyneside was able to provide a ready source of sheep, which was a source of the main ingredient (tallow) in the production of both products. Thomas Hedley himself died in 1890 and the business was carried on by his son.

Leese built a store in 1837 on Montgomery Street near Sacramento Street which did business mainly with the large ranches in San Francisco Bay area and the ships which came to California seeking hides and tallow. In 1837 Leese married María Rosalia Vallejo, sister of General Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo.Rose Marie Beebe, Robert M. Senkewicz, 2006, Testimonios: Early California through the Eyes of Women, 1815–1848 , Heyday Books, , Rosalia Vallejo, pp. 17 - 30 The partnership with Hinckley and Spear ended in 1838.

John Stow was born in about 1525 in the City of London parish of St Michael, Cornhill, then at the heart of London's metropolis. His father, Thomas Stow, was a tallow chandler. Thomas Stow is recorded as paying rent of 6s 8d per year for the family dwelling, and as a youth Stow would fetch milk every morning from a farm on the land nearby to the east owned by the Minoresses of the Convent of St. Clare.Stow 1927, vol.

1, p. 126.Aldgate, the Minories and Crutched Friars at www.british-history.ac.uk There is no evidence that he ever attended a grammar school: his learning appears to have been largely self- acquired. Stow did not take up his father's trade of tallow chandlery, instead becoming an apprentice, and in 1547 a freeman, of the Merchant Taylors' Company, by which stage he had set up business in premises close to the Aldgate Pump in Aldgate, near to Leadenhall Street and Fenchurch Street.

He was a merchant in Guaymas, Mexico, then moved to Alta California, becoming a shipowner and trader. He divided his residence between San Diego and Santa Barbara, where he was said in 1842 to own the finest residence in town. He established a warehouse at La Playa, the beach near San Diego where ships would anchor for trading. He exported hides and tallow from San Diego, while importing luxury goods for the Californios such as silks, satins and embroidered shawls.

Pemmican is made by grinding dried lean meat into a powder, then mixing a near equal weight of melted fat or tallow and sometimes berries; the pemmican was shaped into bars and kept in pouches until ready to eat. Certain parts of the bison were sometimes eaten raw. Other animals hunted included deer, elk, pronghorn, wild mustang, wild turkey, and bears. During times of scarce game, the Kiowa would eat small animals such as lizards, waterfowl, skunks, snakes, and armadillos.

Apaches stole or killed most of the cattle, and the settlers who didn't return to the interior of Mexico were killed. By about 1840 the only evidence of their former presence were some ruins and a few herds of wild cattle. The California Gold Rush that began in 1849 drew a large number of people through the area, but by this time only the Apache occupied the area. Prior to the Gold Rush, cattle were primarily valued for their hides and tallow.

Warp yarns were strengthened by the addition of size – a substance made from flour and tallow or china clay. High humidity was required to weave sized yarn and to minimise the size dust in the air. This was especially important when cloth companies were forced to use Indian Surat cotton instead of Sea Island cotton from South Carolina in 1862 during the American Civil War. The war occurred at a time of market collapse, and the resulting cotton famine caused speculation and restructuring.

Gull planned to release the fuel to 33 stations, and marketed it as under $2 per litre. On release, the company said it would try to keep the price two cents less than its standard 91-octane fuel. It was reported that British fuel producer Argent Energy would abandon plans to build a plant in Tauranga to produce tallow-based biodiesel. The plant would have cost over $100 million to build, and would have competed with cheaper sugar-based ethanol imports from Brazil.

He died in 1830 and gave his tannery to his son, François Rostaing. François Rostaing succeeded into managing the business even though there was a major crisis following the revolution and the republican insurrection in Paris in 1848. Joannès Rostaing, his son, kept the old tradition by creating leather with tallow. This soft and fat leather was sold to horse's and ox’s tools specialists (harnesses, belts…). In 1920, Leon Rostaing, the great-grand-son, developed vegetal tanning with oak’s bark especially for shoes.

Ya-Chi Chen, A. Zlatkis, B. S. Middleditch, J. Cowles, and W. Scheld (1987): "Lipids of contemporary stillingia oil". Chromatographia, volume 23, pages 240–242. B. S. J. Jeffrey F. B. Padley (1991): "Chinese vegetable tallow - Characterization and contamination by stillingia oil". Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society, Yun Liu, Hong-lingXin, and Yun-junYan (2009): "Physicochemical properties of stillingia oil: Feasibility for biodiesel production by enzyme transesterification". Industrial Crops and Products, volume 30, issue 3, pages 431-436.

Some of the young arboretum trees must be protected from deer and rabbits with wire cages. Control of exotic species (those not occurring naturally in this area) is a major activity on this refuge. Herbicide spraying helps to prevent water hyacinths from covering the lake. Controlling Chinese tallow trees is a matter of educating the public not to plant them as ornamental shade trees (birds disperse the seeds) and physically removing the trees, which are invading the reforested area of the refuge.

Poulton became an important centre for trade in the area. With harbours on either side of the River Wyre, at Skippool and Wardleys, it was able to import goods from as far away as Russia and North America. Flax was imported from Ireland and the Baltic, timber came from across the Atlantic and tallow from Russia. Records from 1806–08 show that Poulton imported limestone from Ulverston, oats from Ulverston, Kirkcudbright, Dumfries, Wigtown, Whitehaven and Liverpool, and coal from Preston.

Cadbury Fry continued in the building until , during World War II they were the official suppliers of chocolate to the armed forces. In 1958 Craig Mostyn and Co moved into the building and also used it as a warehouse, packing and distribution centre. This company began in 1923 exporting leather, harvested wattle bark for the tanning industry and sold tanning machinery in Australia. Through the 1920s & 30s they expanded into other Australian products including eucalyptus oil, wool, rabbit skins and tallow.

Neoshirakia, known as milktree, is a genus of plants in the Euphorbiaceae, native to east Asia. It is part of a group first described in 1954 with the name Shirakia, but this proved to be an illegitimate name, unacceptable under the Code of Nomenclature. The genus was later divided, with its species distributed amongst three genera: Neoshirakia, Shirakiopsis , and Triadica. Neoshirakia contains only one known species, Neoshirakia japonica, known as tallow tree, native to China, Korea, and Japan (including Nansei-shotō).

The traditional sources of fatty alcohols have largely been various vegetable oils and these remain a large- scale feedstock. Animal fats (tallow) were of historic importance, particularly whale oil, however they are no longer used on a large scale. Tallows produce a fairly narrow range of alcohols, predominantly C16–C18, the chain lengths from plant sources are more variable (C6–C24) making them the preferred source. The alcohols are obtained from the triglycerides (fatty acid triesters), which form the bulk of the oil.

Shortly after he was arrested on charges of having used some of the wagons to carry his merchandise, and having brought Indian slaves for sale in New Spain. He was released after paying a fine and paying the cost of shipping the slaves back. While governor, Eulate undertook two expeditions to capture buffalo, whose meat, hides and tallow were superior to the Spanish cattle. The first attempt only obtained calves, who died despite attempts to feed them with goat milk.

Since he lived in Atlanta near The Coca- Cola Company's headquarters, Geffen received many inquiries from rabbis across the United States inquiring whether Coca-Cola was kosher and whether it was kosher for Passover. He asked the company for a list of the beverage's ingredients. Geffen was provided with the Coca-Cola formula, a closely guarded trade secret, on the condition that he not disclose the formula. Geffen discovered that one ingredient was glycerin produced from tallow from non- kosher beef.

Russell had established his family in New South Wales by 1834 and in the early 1840s he developed pastoral interests and settled in Maitland where he became a storekeeper. He was bankrupted in the recession of the late 1840s but restored his fortunes by establishing a boiling-down works near Maitland to produce tallow for export to Britain. By 1855 he was chairman of the Hunter River New Steam Navigation Company. He and his wife had 5 sons and 2 daughters.

When Mexico lost California to the United States, Garcia continued to prosper for a while. Soon after the American takeover, the 1849 Gold Rush brought floods of prospectors. Where his wild cattle had been valued only for hides and tallow, he could now sell them to feed hungry gold-seekers, netting as much as $35 each. Unfortunately for Garcia, these gold-rich years ended quickly: in 1851, the United States passed a law requiring rancheros to prove legal ownership of their land grants.

The Spanish (and later the Mexicans) encouraged settlement with large land grants which were turned into ranchos, where cattle and sheep were raised. Cow hides (at roughly $1 each) and fat (known as tallow, used to make candles as well as soaps) were the primary exports of California until the mid-19th century. The owners of these ranchos styled themselves after the landed gentry in Spain. Their workers included some Native Americans who had learned to speak Spanish and ride horses.

Un-dyed, unscented paraffin candles are odorless and bluish-white. Paraffin wax was first created by Carl Reichenbach in Germany in 1830 and marked a major advancement in candlemaking technology, as it burned more cleanly and reliably than tallow candles and was cheaper to produce. In chemistry, paraffin is used synonymously with alkane, indicating hydrocarbons with the general formula CnH2n+2. The name is derived from Latin parum ("barely") + affinis, meaning "lacking affinity" or "lacking reactivity", referring to paraffin's unreactive nature.

The unpleasant smell of tallow candles is due to the glycerine they contain. The smell of the manufacturing process was so unpleasant that it was banned by ordinance in several European cities. Beeswax was discovered to be an excellent substance for candle production without the unpleasant odour, but remained restricted in usage for the rich and for churches and royal events, due to their great expense. In England and France, candle making had become a guild craft by the 13th century.

At that coffee house, a broker named John Castaing started listing the prices of a few commodities, such as salt, coal, and paper, and exchange rates in 1698. Originally, this was not a daily list and was only published a few days of the week. This list and activity was later moved to Garraway's coffee house. Public auctions during this period were conducted for the duration that a length of tallow candle could burn; these were known as "by inch of candle" auctions.

The grease used on these cartridges was rumoured to include tallow derived from beef, which would be offensive to Hindus,Headrick, Daniel R. "The Tools of Empire: Technology and European Imperialism in the Nineteenth Century". Oxford University Press, 1981, p. 88. and lard derived from pork, which would be offensive to Muslims. At least one Company official pointed out the difficulties this might cause: However, in August 1856, greased cartridge production was initiated at Fort William, Calcutta, following a British design.

The Alaska Pipeline connects the Prudhoe Bay wells with the port of Valdez in south-central Alaska. Because of the oil drilling in Alaska's arid north, however, the traditional way of whaling is coming into conflict with one of the modern world's most pressing demands: finding more oil. The Iñupiat eat a variety of berries and when mixed with tallow, make a traditional dessert. They also mix the berries with rosehips and highbush cranberries and boil them into a syrup.

The key invention for which Murdoch is best known is the application of gas lighting as a replacement for oil and tallow produced light. It was in 1792 that he first began experimenting with the use of gas, derived from the heating of coal and other materials, for lighting. Many believe this experimenting took place in a cave. There is some uncertainty as to when he first demonstrated this process in practice; however, most sources identify this as between 1792 and 1794.

At the invitation of James's brother, John, a tallow chandler, James and Ann moved to Newport. Here, they had five children, including Mary, Elizabeth, and James Jr. Here, too, James and Ann established the colony's first printing press. Starting in 1727, James printed and published eight editions of the Rhode-Island Almanack, sometimes under the pseudonym "Poor Robin". They were printed in James' shop near the town schoolhouse, or at his printing-house on Tillinghast's Wharf, near the Union-Flag Tavern.

Cotton seeds were a waste product of the cotton industry, and beef tallow was a waste product of the meat- processing industry. The N. K. Fairbank Corporation of Chicago seized on this glut and created a product catering to late-19th-century America's growing infatuation with labor-saving packaged foods for the "dainty" (lard-free) diet. It was comparable to and a competitor of Procter & Gamble's Crisco, which was packaged similarly and marketed with accompanying cookbooks. Crisco was composed entirely of cottonseed oil.

There are seasonal sailings to Douglas, Isle of Man that are operated by the Isle of Man Steam Packet company (formally SeaCat). Harland and Wolff shipyard in 1907 The natural inlet of Belfast Lough gives Belfast its own port. As the city developed, this became the major avenue for trade with Britain and later Europe and North America. In the mid-seventeenth century, Belfast exported beef, butter, hides, tallow and corn and it imported coal, cloth, wine, brandy, paper, timber and tobacco.

While he was there, the government sent him several purchase orders. In 1382, after his death, there was a quantity of salt in his basement. During the military operations of the 1380s, Mihail's son Marin (1363–1409) supplied hardtack to the galleys and apparently dealt in oil, cheese and tallow candles (lojanica). In 1394, Marin lived in Venice; his second marriage was to Margarita Nikole Kaboga (1383–1423), daughter of his second cousin (drugi bratić, grandfather of Džore Marinov Kaboga).

Ramsay Crooks led Bradbury and two French-Canadian voyageurs to the Platte River on 2 May ahead of the main expedition. While the four men reach the outskirts of a major Otoe tribe village, the inhabitants were not present, being out on a hunting sojourn. After Crooks and the others rejoined the party at an Omaha village on 11 May. There, active commercial transactions were done, with Omaha merchants offering "jerked buffalo meat, tallow, corn, and marrow" for vermilion, beads and tobacco carrots.

In spite of his love for England, he had become homesick; like many a Frenchman, he could not stand the austerity. In well-to-do houses, according to him, there was no silver on the table; tallow candles were burnt by all but the very rich; the food everywhere was uneatable. The arts of society, the art of pleasing were hardly cultivated and social life very dull compared with that in France. Furthermore, the weather did not suit his "unhappy machine".

Evan Siemann is a professor in the Biosciences Department at Rice University in Houston, Texas. He received his AB from Cornell University in 1990 and his Ph.D. from the University of Minnesota in 1997. The focus of his research has been investigating how local environmental factors (e.g. enemies, resources, disturbance regime and recruitment limitation) interact with post-invasion adaptation to determine the likelihood and severity of Chinese tallow tree (Sapium sebiferum) invasions into East Texas coastal prairie, mesic forests, and floodplain forests.

Murphy plays his club hurling and Gaelic football with the Shamrocks club and has enjoyed some success. He made his senior debut for the club as a sixteen- year-old in 1995, before winning a county minor hurling championship medal in 1997 with a combined Tallow-Shamrocks side. In 1999 Murphy returned from a serious injury as Shamrocks qualified for the intermediate hurling decider. A 1-12 to 0-7 defeat of Dunhill gave Murphy a Waterford Intermediate Hurling Championship medal.

The Phoenicians and their successors, the Carthaginians, were particularly adept sailors and learned to voyage further and further away from the coast in order to reach destinations faster. One tool that helped them was the sounding weight. This tool was bell shaped, made from stone or lead, with tallow inside attached to a very long rope. When out to sea, sailors could lower the sounding weight in order to determine how deep the waters were, and therefore estimate how far they were from land.

Providing fresh food products were one of the most wanted and lucrative trades that developed among the California Argonauts. The small Californio population before the rush were only able to provide some beef—their main "product" before 1850 had been cowhides and tallow. After the California Gold Rush started developing a market for fresh fish, many Azorean-Portuguese turned from gold mining to fishing. Fisherman established several small fishing communities up and down the California coast selling fish in towns and cities from San Diego to Eureka.

Not wishing to burden his traveling companies, Serra departed from his usual practice of avoiding medicines: he asked one of the muleteers, Juan Antonio Coronel, if he could prepare a remedy for his foot and leg wound. When Coronel objected that he knew only how to heal animals' wounds, Serra rejoined: "Well then, son, just imagine that I am an animal. ... Make me the same remedy that you would apply to an animal." Coronel then crushed some tallow between stones and mixed it with green desert herbs.

The conversion of iron or steel into sheet, wire or rods requires hot and cold mechanical transformation stages frequently employing water as a lubricant and coolant. Contaminants include hydraulic oils, tallow and particulate solids. Final treatment of iron and steel products before onward sale into manufacturing includes pickling in strong mineral acid to remove rust and prepare the surface for tin or chromium plating or for other surface treatments such as galvanisation or painting. The two acids commonly used are hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid.

Textile mills, including carpet manufacturers, generate wastewater from a wide variety of processes, including wool cleaning and finishing, yarn manufacturing and fabric finishing (such as bleaching, dyeing, resin treatment, waterproofing and retardant flameproofing). Pollutants generated by textile mills include BOD, SS, oil and grease, sulfide, phenols and chromium. Insecticide residues in fleeces are a particular problem in treating waters generated in wool processing. Animal fats may be present in the wastewater, which if not contaminated, can be recovered for the production of tallow or further rendering.

Stearin is obtained from animal fats created as a byproduct of processing beef. It can also be found in tropical plants such as palm. It can be partially purified by dry fractionation by pressing tallow or other fatty mixtures, leading to separation of the higher melting stearin-rich material from the liquid, which is typically enriched in fats derived from oleic acid. It can be obtained by interesterification, again exploiting its higher melting point which allows the higher melting tristearin to be removed from the equilibrated mixture.

The club, however, lost the game as a Tallow objection, due to one of the Mount Sion players having hurled in Wexford that same year, was upheld. This unsatisfactory conclusion brought the curtain down on Phelan's club career in Waterford. On returning to Kilkenny, Phelan played with Tulalroan, however, he enjoyed little success. When that club disbanded for a short while he threw in his lot with Éire Óg, a highly regarded city team and it was with them he played his only championship decider in 1941.

Early Picture of Hill Packing Company Hill's Pet Nutrition was founded in the spring of 1907 by Burton Hill and started operation as Hill Rendering Works. Hill Rendering Works provided rendering services to Shawnee County, Kansas, and had a contract with Topeka, Kansas, to dispose of dead and lame animals. Hill Rendering Works produced tallow, hides, tankage, meat scraps and farm animal feed including hogs and chicken feed. By the 1930s, the name had changed to Hill Packing Company, which included a milling division, Hill Milling company.

Ecodiesel, a company owned by a group of New Zealand farmers, plans to build a biodiesel plant by the end of 2008. The plant will be built in stages and cheaper than Argent's, and could produce 20 million litres of tallow-based biodiesel per year by April 2009. In the effort to develop an aviation biofuel, Air New Zealand and Boeing are researching the jatropha plant to see if it can provide a renewable alternative to conventional fuel.Air NZ sees biofuel salvation in jatropha .

O'Keeffe lined out in his second Waterford Senior Championship final on 24 October 2010, with Ballygunner hoping to retain the title for the first time in 12 years. He ended on the losing side following a 3-13 to 1-11 defeat by De La Salle. Ballygunner qualified for a third successive Waterford Senior Championship final on 16 October 2011, with O'Keeffe lining out in goal once again. He collected a second winners' medal following a 1-19 to 0-06 defeat of Tallow.

It was decided to honor Faxon Dean Atherton who had been one of the first property owners in the south peninsula and name the town for him. Atherton was incorporated on September 12, 1923. That same year, in 1923, the Menlo Polo Club was founded in Atherton.Menlo Polo ClubAngella Sprauve, Polo in Silicon Valley widens field for newcomers, Haute Living, October 20, 2012 Faxon D. Atherton, a native of Massachusetts, had spent several years in Chile and Hawaii as a trader in tallow, hides and merchandise.

Nomenclature of the era indicated the .45-75 cartridge contained a diameter bullet with of gunpowder. Early Winchester ammunition boxes suggested reloading empty cartridge cases with government musket powder or with American Powder Company Deadshot Fg, Hazard Powder Company Sea Shooting Fg, DuPont Rifle FFg, Oriental Powder Company Western Sporting Fg, Laflin & Rand Orange Rifle Fg, or Austin Powder Company Rifle Powder FFg. Boxes also recommended casting bullets from an alloy of one part tin and sixteen parts lead and lubricating bullets with Japan wax or tallow.

In the 21st century, the sale of meat is the most profitable enterprise in the sheep industry, even though far less sheep meat is consumed than chicken, pork or beef. Sheepskin is likewise used for making clothes, footwear, rugs, and other products. Byproducts from the slaughter of sheep are also of value: sheep tallow can be used in candle and soap making, sheep bone and cartilage has been used to furnish carved items such as dice and buttons as well as rendered glue and gelatin.Simmons & Ekarius, pp.

Mines like this were known as 'naked lamp' mines, i.e. the miners would have to make do with tallow candles set in a lump of clay. Mines were run on a day-to-day basis by the butty, this position can be compared to the modern-day contactor who would agree to sell coal to the mine owner at a fixed price. The butty would also hire and fire the men as required and at a pit like this, between six and 30 men could be employed.

The buildup of the wild horse population was unwelcome. A letter printed in the Bathurst Free Press and Mining Journal described the wild horses as being of "worthless character" and a cause for a drop in the prices of reared horses and a depletion in available grassing land. Options considered for the abundant wild horse population included to be "boiled down and converted into glue, tallow, leather, salt-beef, and other substances of exportable value." Social problems were also linked to the feral horses.

A statue of Sahure was uncovered in Elkab, which may have been the starting point of mining expeditions during his reign. Archeological evidences suggest that Sahure's building activities were mostly concentrated in Abusir and its immediate vicinity, where he constructed his pyramid and where his sun temple is probably located. Also nearby was the palace of Sahure, called Uetjes Neferu Sahure, "Sahure's splendor soars up to heaven". The palace is known from an inscription on beef tallow containers discovered in February 2011 in Neferefre's mortuary temple.

Throughout this period sailors supplied or made their own clothing. Sailors developed traditional clothing suitable for their work: loose-fitting trousers with belts made of rope; tunics that slipped over the head, with arms to above the wrist so that the cloth would not foul in ropes passing through a cleat or pulley. For cold weather, a jumper was knitted from yarn or wool. For wet weather, old sail cloth was made into a coat (with hat or attached hood) that was waterproofed with tallow or fat.

At the time of the beaching, the ship's cargo consisted of 7 bales of wool, 170 bags of potatoes, 200 hides, 40 casks of tallow, 40 pigs and 30 sheep. The livestock was successfully landed and driven into a paddock close to the wreck. All twenty-four passengers (including 14 saloon and ten in steerage) were successfully brought ashore with their luggage in the starboard lifeboat, in three or four trips. The ladies and children were either carried through the breakers or waded ashore themselves.

Nine days before the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo was ratified by the Mexican Congress, James W. Marshall discovered gold at Sutter's Mill on 24 January 1848. The resulting California Gold Rush brought a huge economic windfall to Workman, whose hide-and-tallow trade activities with his cattle ranching paled to the need for fresh beef in the gold regions. The wealth generated allowed Workman to expand his ranching enterprises, enlarge his house, build a cemetery and chapel on his grounds, and acquire real estate.

The sauce is made primarily of dried chili peppers, chili powder, douban paste, Sichuan peppercorns, clove, garlic, star anise, black cardamom, fennel, ginger, cinnamon, salt and sugar. These ingredients are simmered with beef tallow and vegetable oil for many hours, and packed into a jar. Other herbs and spices, such as sand ginger, Angelica dahurica and poppy seeds, can be added to create a unique flavour. Traditionally, a restaurant hired a chef specializing in making this sauce; the recipes were kept secret to the chef himself.

Active commercial transactions were completed there, with Omaha merchants offering "jerked buffalo meat, tallow, corn, and marrow" for vermilion, beads and tobacco carrots. Bradbury detailed that the Omaha village had plots of nicotiana rustica, melons, beans, squashes, and corn under cultivation. While at the Omaha settlement, Hunt received information from several visiting Yankton Sioux that a group of Sioux was gathering further up the river to stop the expedition from traveling further. Proceeding further the Missouri River, the Sioux party was encountered on 31 May.

Model company towns around the mid-nineteenth century, such as Copley (1849), near Halifax, and Saltaire (1853), close to Bradford, were differentiated by improved dwellings for workers which contrasted with working-class housing in other industrial villages and cities.Garner, 1982, p. 87 These model company towns prompted the creation of others, such as Port Sunlight, Bournville and Creswell, within an environment of reform.Garner, 1982 Port Sunlight (1888) in Cheshire was established by William Hesketh Lever (later Lord Leverhulme) of Lever Brothers – a soap and tallow manufacturer.

Pisco is a late 16th-century brandy made from grapes that originated in the Viceroyalty of Peru. It was available in San Francisco since the 1830s when it was first brought from Pisco, Peru via ship by rawhide and tallow traders trading with California towns. During the California Gold Rush of 1849 the brandy was readily available in San Francisco. There are eight approved grape varietals, four considered to be non-aromatic: Quebranta, Negra Criolla, Uvina, and Mollar, while the aromatics are Moscatel, Torontel, Italia and Albilla.

The club suffered two County Intermediate defeats at the hands of Tallow and Ballinameela before finally making the breakthrough in 1988. Senior status was our reward for a hard earned victory over Sliabh gCua at Walsh Park on a score line of 5-06 to 2-04. In 1994 the club reached its first ever senior county final, losing to a strong Nire team. It was another proud day in 1996 when both our seniors and minors contested county finals on the same day.

Ponsonby, eldest son of William Ponsonby, 1st Baron Ponsonby and Louisa Molesworth, and brother of Major- General Sir William Ponsonby, he was born about 1770. He served as a Member of Parliament (MP) in the Irish House of Commons for Tallow between 1793 and 1797. Elected in 1798 for both Banagher and Dungarvan, he elected to sit for the latter from 1798 to the Act of Union in 1800/01. He then represented Galway Borough in the United Kingdom House of Commons until 1802.

Edible rendering processes are basically meat processing operations and produce lard or edible tallow for use in food products. Edible rendering is generally carried out in a continuous process at low temperature (less than the boiling point of water). The process usually consists of finely chopping the edible fat materials (generally fat trimmings from meat cuts), heating them with or without added steam, and then carrying out two or more stages of centrifugal separation. The first stage separates the liquid water and fat mixture from the solids.

Pisco is a late 16th-century brandy made from grapes that are originally from Peru. It was available in San Francisco since the 1830s when it was first brought from Paita, Peru via ship by rawhide and tallow traders trading with California towns. During the California Gold Rush of 1849 the brandy was readily available in San Francisco. There are eight approved grape varietals, four considered to be non-aromatic: Quebranta, Negra Criolla, Uvina, and Mollar, while the aromatics are Moscatel, Torontel, Italia and Albilla.

Daniel Foe (his original name) was probably born in Fore Street in the parish of St Giles Cripplegate, London. Defoe later added the aristocratic-sounding "De" to his name, and on occasion claimed descent from the family of De Beau Faux. His birthdate and birthplace are uncertain, and sources offer dates from 1659 to 1662, with the summer or early autumn of 1660 considered the most likely. His father, James Foe, was a prosperous tallow chandler and a member of the Worshipful Company of Butchers.

A chandelier of tallow candles lighted the house, with a glass plate underneath it to prevent drops from falling on the audience. During its short existence, it hosted various comedies and light operas, such as the December 1766 premiere of Isabelle et Gertrude, an operatic comédie mêlée d'ariettes by the Liégeois composer André-Ernest- Modeste Grétry. No images of this theatre, either inside or outside, have survived to this day. In 1768, a fire – probably arson – burned the Théâtre de Rosimond to the ground.

Detarium microcarpum (), commonly known as sweet detar, sweet dattock or tallow tree, is an underutilized species of tree legume that grows naturally in the drier regions of West and Central Africa. It has a wide range of uses due to its medicinal properties, edible fruit (eaten raw, cooked, or made into flour with many uses of its own) and hardwood, which is used as fuel. This makes it valuable and appreciated by local communities, but further research and effort are needed for its domestication.

Sodium stearate is produced as a major component of soap upon saponification of oils and fats. The percentage of the sodium stearate depends on the ingredient fats. Tallow is especially high in stearic acid content (as the triglyceride), whereas most fats only contain a few percent. The idealized equation for the formation of sodium stearate from stearin (the triglyceride of stearic acid) follows: :(C18H35O2)3C3H5 \+ 3 NaOH → C3H5(OH)3 \+ 3 C18H35O2Na Purified sodium stearate can be made by neutralizing stearic acid with sodium hydroxide.

As ranch production increased, surplus hides, tallow and dried meat became available for export. Some was sent to Spain on the one ship a year that was permitted to sail from St. Augustine to Spain. The rest was shipped to Havana and other cities in the Caribbean. Juan Márquez Cabrera, governor of Florida from 1680 to 1687, ordered that cattle ready for sale were to be slaughtered at a government slaughterhouse in St. Augustine, at a fixed price, and with the payment of a tax.

After bearing three children, Maria de Jesus died in childbirth in 1842. The following year, an additional three square leagues (for a total of eight square leagues) was granted by Governor Micheltorena to Williams. While at the Chino ranch, Williams successfully grazed thousands of cattle for the hide and tallow trade, taking these products to the crude harbor at San Pedro Bay. William Heath Davis, in his autobiography, discusses 1846-1847 trade with Williams and a visit to the ranch in that latter year.

A Chiko Roll in bag The Chiko Roll is an Australian savoury snack invented by Frank McEncroe, inspired by the Chinese spring roll and first sold in 1951 as the "Chicken Roll" despite not actually containing chicken. The snack was designed to be easily eaten on the move without a plate or cutlery. Since 1995 they have been owned by Simplot Australia. A Chiko Roll's filling is primarily cabbage and barley, as well as carrot, green beans, beef, beef tallow, wheat cereal, celery and onion.

On the night of 9 November 1888 the people of Tallow marched to the Castle led by the town band. Thousands of visitors came to Lisfinny day after day, encouraging and cheering Pyne. He addressed the crowd at Lisfinny for the last time on 12 December, but escaped that night, having passed unrecognised through the police cordon after the cattle were driven in earlier to surround the castle. Pyne was arrested in London on 10 February 1888, as he was entering the House of Commons.

The bushland is termed "dry to moist sclerophyll and swamp sclerophyll forest" and contains a broad variety of trees including (using common names) many Eucalyptus and other hardwoods such as swamp mahogany, red and pink bloodwood, spotted gum, scribbly, tallow wood, grey gum, stringy bark, iron bark, red ash, and non-eucalyptus such as rough barked apple, paper barks, forest she-oak, banksia and wattle. These trees provided the early settlers with many options and uses. There are significant rainforest elements re-emerging throughout the property.

Death by boiling is a method of execution in which a person is killed by being immersed in a boiling liquid. While not as common as other methods of execution, boiling to death has been practised in many parts of Europe and Asia. Due to the lengthy process, death by boiling is an extremely painful method of execution. Executions of this type were often carried out using a large vessel such as a cauldron or a sealed kettle filled with a liquid such as water, oil, tar, or tallow, and a hook and pulley system.

To set up the lanyards used with dead-eyes, a suitable grease such as tallow is first applied to the holes. After reeving the lanyard through the deadeyes, the end is hooked to a handy purchase in the rig above, such as the throat halyard. By hauling on the halyard the lanyard in the deadeyes is drawn up taut. A small wooden wedge is knocked into the last hole, to prevent the lanyard sliding back, and the end is unhooked from the purchase and made up on the shroud above the upper deadeye.

Watson's process created a new soap, using glycerin and vegetable oils such as palm oil rather than tallow (animal fats). William Lever and his brother James Darcy Lever invested in Watson's soap invention and its initial success came from offering bars of cut, wrapped, and branded soap in his father's grocery shop. This was an early labour-saving device for the housewife as prior to this, commercially made soap was bought in long bars. Sunlight soap was eventually supplanted by modern products made from synthetically produced detergents rather than naturally derived soaps.

The hide and tallow business continued to prosper, despite greater competition and Governor José María de Echeandía's revoking of his port usage rights. However, in 1826, John Begg & Co. went bankrupt and Hartnell had to pay off his portion of the company's debt as well as the expenses he had incurred while in Alta California, amounting to over $18,000. He was able to do this and save his business thanks to his father-in-law. In 1830 Hartnell became a Mexican citizen and was now able to own land.

" Peters generally sings a careening, animated, androgynous voice, while Gardner uses more of a controlled, breathy purr. Themes of existentialism, architecture, alienation, outer space, and biology crop up frequently, though the lyrics are open-ended enough to warrant multiple interpretations. Peters and Gardner can often be found harmonizing sweetly while atonal squalls of noise and throbbing basslines churn around them, leading to a disorienting, kinetic overall sound. Key examples of songs in this style include "Small White Animal," "Appeal To The Imagination," "Box: Tallow, Felt And Ice" and "Blue Chevy Impala.

Retrieved on 13 November 2016. Kristin Kirkpatrick, RD, calls french fries "...an extremely starchy vegetable dipped in a fryer that then loads on the unhealthy fat, and what you have left is a food that has no nutritional redeeming value in it at all." David Katz, MD states that "French fries are often the super-fatty side dish to a burger—and both are often used as vehicles for things like sugar-laced ketchup and fatty mayo." Frying french fries in beef tallow, lard, or other animal fats adds saturated fat to the diet.

Contained within Economic Sophisms is the satirical parable known as the candlemakers' petition in which candlemakers and tallow producers lobby the Chamber of Deputies of the French July Monarchy (1830–1848) to block out the Sun to prevent its unfair competition with their products. Also included in the Sophisms is a facetious petition to the king asking for a law forbidding the usage of everyone's right hand, based on a presumption by some of his contemporaries that more difficulty means more work and more work means more wealth.

A close-up of Pears soap Pears soap was made using a process entirely different from that for other soaps. A mixture of tallow and other fats was saponified by an alkali. Clearly, this is currently caustic soda (sodium hydroxide), since the ingredients list shows sodium salts of fatty acids, but a chemist reports that in the 1960s, caustic potash (potassium hydroxide) was used. It has not been possible to determine what was used in the early days of the product, as the writings of Francis Pears mention only alkali in industrial methylated spirits.

The Spanish encouraged settlement with large land grants called ranchos, where cattle and sheep were raised. The California missions were secularized following Mexican independence, with the passing of the Mexican secularization act of 1833 and the division of the extensive former mission lands into more ranchos. Cow hides (at roughly $1 each) and fat (known as tallow, used to make candles as well as soaps) were the primary exports of California until the mid-19th century. This California hide trade involved large quantities of hides shipped nationally and internationally.

His father and grandfather worked at the family business, Jacob Stern & Sons, where they were hides and tallow processors. In the 1920s, Stern's father sold his share of the business to retire to the farm in Fox Chase; Stern described this as his father's attempts to be a bit of a gentleman farmer, as well as author, playwright, and painter. After the Wall Street Crash of 1929, Stern's father became an independent real estate agent. Stern's mother was active in organizing Jewish summer camps for Philadelphia-area children.

Later the adobe structure was rented to Nathaniel Greene Patterson who used it as a small hotel, the first place of entertainment in the valley. The rancho's economy was based on cattle, hides, and tallow, as well as agriculture. Livermore planted the first wine grapes in the area and today, the Livermore Valley is one of California's premier wine-growing regions. Livermore studiously avoided involvement in politics, and all evidence indicates he got along well with both the Mexican and Anglo communities, even becoming a Mexican citizen in 1844.

The earliest known documented outbreak of unexplained livestock deaths occurred in early 1606 "...about the city of London and some of the shires adjoining. Whole slaughters of sheep have been made, in some places to number 100, in others less, where nothing is taken from the sheep but their tallow and some inward parts, the whole carcasses, and fleece remaining still behind. Of this sundry conjectures, but most agree that it tendeth towards some fireworks." The outbreak was noted in the official records of the Court of James I of England.

John Sanders (1768-1826) was an architect and the first pupil of Sir John Soane taken on 1 September 1784.Page 58, Sir John Soane Architect, Dorothy Stroud, 1984, Faber & Faber I.S.B.N. 0-571-13050-X Sanders was born on 12 April 1768, the son of Thomas Sanders, a tallow-chandler of the parish of St Dunstan-in-the-East, London. He died at Reigate, Surrey early in 1826. Sanders' principal buildings are the Royal Military Asylum at Chelsea (1801–03) and the Royal Military College Sandhurst (1808–12).

On 15 January 2016, John C. Stennis left Naval Base Kitsap for a scheduled deployment to the Western Pacific. On 20 January 2016, the destroyers , and , along with the cruiser and the fast combat support ship , left port, all running off a 'Great Green Fleet' biofuel blend made from tallow, or rendered beef fat, a Navy spokesman told Navy Times. The biofuel mix was 10% biofuel and 90% petroleum. However, the 50-50 goal is still on track, Navy Secretary Ray Mabus told Navy Times in September 2015.

The house of Joseph E. Plummer is believed to be the first of nearly a dozen homes that had been constructed, using oyster-shell concrete (shellcrete) obtained from Copano Beach. Power was completing a two-story house of his own at the site prior to his death in 1852. A school was built, as was a post office, which was used until 1864. Three wharves were built on the bay front to accommodate traders contributing to the prosperity of the settlement; their primary goods included cotton, hides, and tallow.

Candles, soap, grease, and ointments were all made from tallow (rendered animal fat) in large vats located just outside the west wing. Also situated in this general area were vats for dyeing wool and tanning leather, and primitive looms for weavings. Large bodegas (warehouses) provided long-term storage for preserved foodstuffs and other treated materials. Three long zanjas (aqueducts) ran through the central courtyard and deposited the water they collected into large cisterns in the industrial area, where it was filtered for drinking and cooking, or dispensed for use in cleaning.

A study found that unchewed meat and vegetables were not digested, while tallow, cheese, fish, eggs, and grains did not need to be chewed.. Chewing stimulates saliva production and increases sensory perception of the food being eaten, controlling when the food is swallowed. Avoiding chewing, by choice or due to medical reasons as tooth loss, is known as a soft diet. Such a diet may lead to inadequate nutrition due to a reduction in fruit and vegetable intake. Chewing also stimulates the hippocampus and is necessary to maintain its normal function.

Officially opened on 17 April 1931, it replaced a smaller dock and wharf built at Bromborough Pool in 1895. Located at the mouth of the Pool, the new dock allowed for larger ocean-going vessels to berth. The dock was provided with a link to the Birkenhead Railway as part of the Lever Brothers private railway network, which remained fully operational until 1969. The dock handled a wide variety of cargoes during its lifetime, including: paper, timber, animal and plant oils and fats (resin, tallow, palm oil and copra).

John Robert Dicksee: Portrait of Warren Stormes Hale, 1853 Warren Stormes Hale (1791–1872) was Lord Mayor of London and founder of the City of London School. Born on 2 February 1791 he was orphaned and became an apprentice candlemaker or chandler; he was later twice Master of the Tallow Chandlers' Company. He was elected to the Common Council in 1825, as Alderman in 1856, Sheriff in 1858 and Lord Mayor in 1864. He was responsible for using the surplus from John Carpenter's bequest to establish the City of London School.

John Swire & Sons (Green Investments) Ltd has acquired Scottish biodiesel producer Argent Energy. Argent Energy pioneered large scale commercial biodiesel production in the UK when it started production at its plant near Motherwell in Scotland in 2005. The firm makes its road fuel by recycling wastes and residues from other industries – specifically used cooking oil which is a waste from the food industry, tallow from the meat industry, and sewer grease. The acquisition in 2013 for an undisclosed sum sees the firm remain in private ownership and it will continue to operate independently.

Gadirtha impingens is a moth of the family Nolidae first described by Francis Walker in 1858. It is found from northern India and southern China to Queensland, the Bismarck Archipelago and the Solomon Islands, as well in Japan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Tsushima)."A new species of Gadirtha Walker (Nolidae, Eligminae): a proposed biological control agent of Chinese tallow (Triadica sebifera (L.) Small) (Euphorbiaceae) in the United States". The habitat consists of lowland areas up to 2,600 meters, but it is most frequent at elevations ranging from 1,000 to 2,000 meters.

Jutiapa is a city and a municipality in the Jutiapa department of Guatemala. Located 124 km from the city of Guatemala City, at an altitude of 892 m (2,926 ft),Jutiapa (Guatemala) Encyclopædia Britannica it is the capital of the department of Jutiapa. Its Catedral San Cristóbal is the episcopal see of the Roman Catholic Diocese of San Francisco de Asís de Jutiapa since 2016. Local crafts include candles (both tallow and paraffin type); woven hats and other palm products; leather saddles, belts and riding gear; and traditional ceramics.

English Army Blacking from 1895 In the late 18th and early 19th century many forms of shoe polish became available, yet were rarely referred to as shoe polish or boot polish. Instead, they were often called blacking, especially when mixed with lampblack, or still were referred to as dubbin. Tallow, an animal by-product, was used to manufacture a simple form of shoe polish at this time. Chicago, where 82% of the processed meat consumed in the United States was processed in the stock yards, became a major shoe polish producing area.

The group was formed on 16 December 1940 at RAF Sealand as part of Fighter Command to control the Operational Training Unit. On 19 February 1941 it moved to Tallow Hall in Worcester and then on 22 December 1941 it was based at Avening Court in Gloucestershire. It was disbanded on 15 April 1943 when all controlled units were moved to No. 9 Group. The group was reformed on 1 Jan 1952 at RAF Watnall to control all training units within Fighter Command, on 16 May 1952 it moved to RAF Rudloe Manor.

Steatopygia is the state of having substantial levels of tissue on the buttocks and thighs. This build is not confined to the gluteal regions, but extends to the outside and front of the thighs, and tapers to the knee producing a curvaceous figure. The term is from the Greek (), meaning "tallow", and (), meaning "rump". Steatopygia, a genetic characteristic leading to increased accumulation of adipose tissue in the buttock region, is found in women of Sub-Saharan African origin, most notably (but not solely) among the Khoisan of Southern Africa and Pygmies of Central Africa.

Bovay later wrote, "The actors in that remote little eddy of politics realized at the time that they were making history by that solitary tallow candle in the little white schoolhouse on the prairie." When Abraham Lincoln was elected as US president, Alvan Bovay was a Republican member of the Wisconsin State Assembly and represented the first district of Fond du Lac Founty. In the American Civil War, he served as major of the 19th Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry from 1861 to 1865. After the Civil War, Major Bovay again took up the practice of law.

On 1 May 1928, Ardeshir transferred sole ownership and control of the company to his brother Pirojsha. He then moved to Nasik, 185 km north of Bombay, to try his hand at farming. Although that venture was unsuccessful, Ardeshir did not cease to be the inventor. When his attention was drawn to the fact that all soaps in the world contained tallow and other animal fats (inappropriate to many stringently vegetarian Hindus), he found a method to manufacture soap from vegetable oils, a procedure that everyone told him was impossible.

During the colonial and Republican periods, agriculture was promoted by the government. Many Chilean haciendas (estates) were successful during this time, including the Pichileminian Hacienda San Antonio de Petrel. Part of the land where San Antonio de Petrel was created was given by the Captaincy General of Chile to Bartolomé de Rojas y Puebla in 1611, who later acquired more lands in order to establish it. San Antonio de Petrel produced leather, jerky, soles, tallow, and cordovan, as well as other products which would later be exported to Peru, or sold in Santiago and Valparaíso.

The HBC post had several purposes. It operated as a wholesale store, selling goods exported from Fort Vancouver such as salmon, lumber, and British manufactures in exchange for hides and tallow. The post improved diplomatic relations between the British HBC and the Mexican government of California, making the HBC's fur trapping expeditions into California's Central Valley politically acceptable. Despite the mercantile potential of the HBC store in Yerba Buena, in 1842 it was ordered to be closed by George Simpson as part of Simpson's general reorganization of the HBC's Columbia District.

In 1949, the Guide was amended based on the feedback from teachers, who had been using this as a resource in primary school. The five food groups were kept; the reference to butter, which had been incorporated into the section on Breads and Cereals in 1944, grew to include "or fortified margarine", an engineered spread which was by that date manufactured from vegetable oils due to wartime shortages of tallow and lard. Vitamin D supplements, available from sources such as cod liver oil, were recommended for the first time.

Biodiesel production facilities in Australia use feedstocks of animal fats (tallow), used cooking oil (recycled yellow grease) and a range of vegetable oils. There has been a dramatic decline in biodiesel consumption in Australia since 2015. The Australian production of biodiesel is estimated at only 40ML in 2017 and 2018. Unfavourable conditions of limited mandate support, low international oil prices, high feedstock prices and insufficient tax relief to offset high feedstock prices led to the closure of a majority of the production facilities, resulting in a low production rate for the nation.

Peck ordained Pastor Meachum in 1825, when he founded the First African Baptist Church, the first Protestant congregation established for African-Americans west of the Mississippi River. Shortly after a brick church building was erected, Meachum and Peck opened a day school called the "Candle Tallow School" because classes were conducted in a secret room with no windows to avoid being discovered by the sheriff. Missouri law forbade teaching free or slave blacks to read and write. Even more restrictive laws were enacted by the General Assembly of Missouri in 1847.

In the 1840s, Hayden taught himself to read, although he was owned by a man who whipped him. Hayden approached other men, asking them to buy him and proposing that they hire him out for fees to return their investment, but asking them to allow Hayden to keep some earnings and purchase his freedom. The men were Lewis Baxter, an insurance office clerk, and Thomas Grant, an oil manufacturer and tallow chandler, and they did buy him. The men hired Hayden out to work at Lexington's Phoenix Hotel.

Unfortunately, he did not observe its acid properties which led Chevreul to discover in 1820 stearic acid. As these data were similar to the first data obtained by Chevreul as soon as 1813, the later sent a letter to the journal Annales de Chimie claiming his priority and contesting the originality of Braconnot's work (Ann Chim 1815, 94, 73). As an application of his laboratory work, it occurred to Braconnot that the "absolute tallow" (similar to stearine) from beef or sheep could be used to make candles. He named that substance "céromimène" (wax- like).

Each additional coil adds friction to the knot, which makes the noose harder to pull closed or open. When Grover Cleveland was the sheriff of Erie County, he performed two hangings. Cleveland was advised by a more experienced Sheriff to grease the rope with tallow and run it through the knot a few times to ensure rapid closure with the drop. The number of coils should therefore be adjusted depending on the intended use, the type and thickness of rope, and environmental conditions such as wet or greasy rope.

In 19th century British service, they were made of concentric paper with a thickness about 1/15th of the total diameter and filled with powder, saltpeter, pitch, coal and tallow. They were used to 'suffocate or expel the enemy in casemates, mines or between decks; for concealing operations; and as signals. During the First World War, shrapnel shells and explosive shells inflicted terrible casualties on infantry, accounting for nearly 70% of all war casualties and leading to the adoption of steel helmets on both sides. Shells filled with poison gas were used from 1917 onwards.

Hides and tallow were traded for various manufactured goods, among them whiskey. Despite Wood's efforts, many of them would fall victim to alcoholism, and while a few claim descent from the local Coast Miwoks, no full-blooded members live today. Toms Point, immediately south of Dillon Beach on the eastern shore of the bay, is named for Tom Wood, and Wood resided there with the small village he ingratiated himself into. Irishman George Dillon and wife Mathilda arrived at what is now Dillon Beach from the eastern U.S. in 1868.

Wilhelm Normann patented the hydrogenation of liquid oils in 1902 Normann's hydrogenation process made it possible to stabilize affordable whale oil or fish oil for human consumption, a practice kept secret to avoid consumer distaste. During Napoleon's reign in France in the early 19th century, a type of margarine was invented to feed the troops using tallow and buttermilk. It was not accepted in the United States. In the early 20th century, soybeans began to be imported into the United States as a source of protein; soybean oil was a by-product.

A traditional dessert is rice pudding with raisins, topped with ground cinnamon and sugar called jólagrautur ("Yule pudding"). On December 23 (mass of Saint Thorlak) there is a tradition (originally from the Westfjords) to serve fermented skate with melted tallow and boiled potatoes. Boiling the Christmas hangikjöt the day after serving the skate is said to dispel the strong smell which otherwise tends to linger around the house for days. In the weeks before Christmas many households bake a variety of cookies to keep in store for friends and family throughout the holidays.

That month she was at Maldonado, Uruguay, where Sir Home Riggs Popham, who was leading a British invasion of the Rio Plate hired her to take Mr. Blennerhassett, purser of , to Rio de Janeiro to buy supplies and to convey a message. Kitty was waiting to take hides and tallow to London and her owner agreed to charter her. He asked £1000 for "wear, tear and expenses", but accepted £750. Popham was well pleased because he thought this cheaper than using a naval vessel, had he had one to spare.

He put together makeshift footlights by mounting tallow candles on a strip board nailed to the floor. It was not until after he returned to New York in 1849 that Jefferson began to earn some critical success and more financial rewards. After this experience, partly as actor, partly as manager, he won his first pronounced success in 1858 as Asa Trenchard in Tom Taylor's Our American Cousin at Laura Keene's Theatre in New York. This play was the turning-point of his career, as it would be for the actor E. A. Sothern.

Additives are usually blended with the clay, sand, and natural fiber to improve the workability and strength of a plaster. Sometimes additives are added to the finish coat and other times additives may be added to all coats. Some of the most common additives are wheat flour paste, manure, cactus juice, casein (milk protein) and various natural oils such as linseed oil. Other additives include, salt, stearate, tallow, tannin, leaves and bark of certain trees, xanthan gum, alum, natural glues, gum arabic, kelp, lime, powdered milk, or the blood of livestock.

In the early 19th century, Arzamas had over twenty churches and cathedrals, the foremost being the Resurrection Cathedral. It was built in the Empire style to commemorate the Russian victory over Napoleon in 1812. Alexander Stupin art school was located in Arzamas between 1802 and 1862 and many famous Russian artists studied there, including Vasily Perov. By the early 20th century it was still an important centre of trade, and had tanneries, oil, flour, tallow, dye, soap and iron works; knitting was an important domestic industry, while sheepskins and sail-cloth were articles of trade.

Dagenham Dock is a place in the London Borough of Barking and Dagenham in London, England. It is located to the south of Dagenham and on the River Thames. It was once the site of a large coaling port and continues to be the location of a small terminal licensed to handle coal off-loading. Today the site is used for a number of river-related uses including a TDG (now Norbert Dentressangle) depot with around 200 tanks for storage of petrol, distillates, aviation fuel, biofuels, tallow, ethanol, fertilisers, urea etc.

The status of the Company as a trade association has lessened over the years;City Livery Companies the Company is now, as are most other Livery Companies, a charitable body. Other leather-linked Livery Companies, which enjoy close relations with the Cordwainers include not only the Curriers, but the Leathersellers, Saddlers and Tallow Chandlers Companies too. The Company ranks twenty-seventh in the order of precedence of Livery Companies and is the highest ranked one without its own Livery Hall. The Company's motto is Corio et Arte, Latin for Leather and Art.

While the end of the 1840s saw the close of Mexican control over Alta California, this period also marked the beginning of the rancheros’ greatest prosperity. Cattle had been raised primarily for their hides and tallow, as there was no market for large quantities of beef, especially in the days prior to refrigeration, railroads or ice production. Demand dramatically changed with the onset of the Gold Rush, as thousands of miners and other fortune seekers flooded into northern California. These newcomers needed meat, and cattle prices soared with demand.

On 13 April 1850, Meucci and his wife emigrated to the United States, taking with them approximately 26,000 pesos fuertes in savings (approximately $500,000 in 2010 dollars), and settled in the Clifton area of Staten Island, New York. The Meuccis would live there for the remainder of their lives. On Staten Island he helped several countrymen committed to the Italian unification movement and who had escaped political persecution. Meucci invested the substantial capital he had earned in Cuba into a tallow candle factory (the first of this kind in America) employing several Italian exiles.

He was born on 12 March 1774 at Newcastle-on-Tyne, where his father, John Scott, worked in a brewery. At the age of twelve he was apprenticed to a tallow-chandler; but at the end of his articles went to London, where his fellow-townsman Robert Pollard gave him two years' instruction, at the same time paying him. On leaving Pollard, Scott obtained employment from John Wheble, the proprietor of the Sporting Magazine, and for many years executed the portraits of racehorses published there. He became known among English animal engravers.

Cheasty represented the Munster inter-provincial team on a number of occasions in the latter part of his career, winning one Railway Cup medal in 1966. At club level he won one junior championship medal with Tallow, having begun his career with Dungarvan. Following Waterford's exit from the 1966 championship, Power retired from inter-county hurling. Cited by many of his hurling peers as one of the greatest goalkeepers of his generation, Power subsequently became known as one of the most astute and influential hurling coaches of all-time.

Woodward was the eldest son of a tallow chandler in the borough of Southwark, London, and intended for his father's occupation. He attended Merchant Taylors' school from 1724 to 1728. After his father's failure in business, Woodward joined the troupe of John Rich, whose stage name was "Lun", at Lincoln's Inn Fields, playing in January 1729 in The Beggar's Opera as the Beggar and Ben Budge. During the season the performance was repeated fifteen times, and Woodward, thoroughly stage-struck, remained with Rich, who instructed him in harlequin and other characters.

Dowgate is a small ward in the City of London, the historic and financial centre of London. The ward is bounded to the east by Swan Lane and Laurence Poutney Lane, to the south by the River Thames, to the west by Cousin Lane and College Hill, and to the north by Cannon Street. It is where the Walbrook watercourse emptied into the Thames. A number of City livery companies are quartered in the ward: the Worshipful Company of Dyers, Worshipful Company of Innholders, Worshipful Company of Skinners and Worshipful Company of Tallow Chandlers.

Other commodities once stored in wooden casks include gunpowder, meat, fish, paint, honey, nails and tallow. Early casks were bound with wooden hoops and in the 19th century these were gradually replaced by metal hoops that were stronger, more durable and took up less space. The term barrel can also refer to roughly cylindrical containers or drums made of modern materials like plastic, steel or aluminium. The barrel has also been used as a standard size of measure referring to a set capacity or weight of a given commodity.

Thomas Sturge was born in 1787, one of at least ten children of Thomas Sturge the elder (1749-1825), tallow chandler and oil merchant of Newington Butts, about a mile south of London Bridge. Thomas the younger joined his father's business early in the 19th century, as did at least three of his brothers, Nathan, George and Samuel. Thomas Sturge & Sons, oil merchants and spermaceti processors operated from premises near Elephant and Castle, Newington Butts, until 1840.London Metropolitan Archives, index to the records of the Sun Fire Assurance Office, 1840.

Brennan & Geraghty's Store was built by partners Patrick Brennan and Martin Geraghty in what was then a small commercial centre in Lennox Street, Maryborough. The store was operated by members of the same family until 1972, thus completing a century of trading, and contains original stock and trading records. Maryborough was established at its present site in 1852 as an outlet for the trade of the Wide Bay and Burnett pastoral districts. Wool, tallow, cedar and kauri pine flowed outwards with backloads of essential supplies for the stations providing a thriving trade.

The market area also housed cooling houses and various rendering businesses like tallow melting houses and blood dryers producing blood meal. Knud Gamborg: In a slaughterhouse at Jødbyen As a result of the improved conditions at the new cattle market, all slaughterings at the numerous private open air stockyards around the city were prohibited starting 1 January 1888, and all slaughterings had to take place in the public slaughterhouses. Mandatory meat control was also introduced, requiring all fresh meat coming into the city to be inspected and stamped.

Retrieved 30 August 2019.Smith, Leighton (9 March 2018) Mysterious witness cracks shocking CQ murder cold case open, The Morning Bulletin. Retrieved 30 August 2019. In 2011, the police said those men were still of interest. A truck driver carting tallow was also of interest to police during the investigation. An inquest into McKim-Hill's murder commenced on 6 November 1967 and concluded on 16 January 1968, during which time 26 witnesses gave evidence and a solicitor for the victim's family named a German truck driver as a "suspect".

The best quality was reserved for artists' pigments. In Britain, ochre was mined at Brixham England. It became an important product for the British fishing industry, where it was combined with oil and used to coat sails to protect them from seawater, giving them a reddish colour. The ochre was boiled in great caldrons, together with tar, tallow and oak bark, the last ingredient giving the name of barking yards to the places where the hot mixture was painted on to the sails, which were then hung up to dry.

Darling's Music Hall Building Just outside the western border of Pawtucket, in Mineral Springs, Darling established a slaughterhouse which utilized every part of the animal for meat, oil, tallow, and fertilizer. In 1881, he established a branch office in Chicago, which acquired cattle for his Rhode Island slaughterhouse. By 1884, fertilizer was his main business, under the name of the Darling Fertilizer Company. He also served as director or president of several companies including the Pacific National Bank of Pawtucket, the Pawtucket Gas Company, and the Swan Point Cemetery Company.

A total of 9,600 head were turned into tallow but Vestey's claimed a loss on operations. With its closure, more than three quarters of the population found itself unemployed. As families moved away from Darwin in search of work, the Parap School (which had been opened in 1917) was closed, and as the number of secondary students dropped from 125 to 15 in 1925, the High School ceased to offer secondary education. During the period 1925 to 1939 locals used to surreptitiously used the water tanks as a swimming facility.

The wicket on display at the Berembed Picnic Grounds is the only remaining one of a set of 55 wickets originally operated at Berembed Weir. It is mounted on a concrete plinth. A bronze plaque, commemorating the completion of the upgrading of Berembed Weir was unveiled by Lin Gordon, MLA, Minister for Conservation and for Water Resources on 23 September 1977, and is mounted on the wicket. The wicket measures 901mm (2' 11.5"")wide, and is made of 6 tallow-wood planks 7602mm (3") thick at the top and 152mm (6") at the bottom.

Wilson in 1840 entered his father's business. He took interest in the firm's experimental work, and in 1842 patented, with W. C. Jones, a process by which cheap, malodorous fats could be utilised in the place of tallow for candle-making. The original features of the process were the use of sulphuric acid as a decoloriser and deodoriser of strongly-smelling fats, and their subsequent distillation, when acidified, by the aid of super-heated steam. The invention was profitable, and in the Panic of 1847 the business was sold for £250,000.

Having studied art in his native city of Barcelona, Spain, Munras immigrated to the United States as a young man, ultimately making his home in Monterey. Munras was a dealer in cattle hides and tallow, the products of his Rancho San Vicente. He built Casa Munras, the first home to be constructed outside the walls of the El Presidio Reál de San Carlos de Monterey, where he established a thriving trading house attached to the family home. Munras imported fine household furnishings and necessities to the earliest settlers in Monterey, California's first capital.

When the Birmingham and Gloucester Railway was built, its route avoided Worcester by some distance, and this remained a sore point with the city. The Midland Railway had taken over the B&GR; in 1846. The OW&WR; proposed route crossed the B&GR; line at Abbot's Wood, and by agreement the Midland Railway built a short spur between the two linesAbbot's Wood Junction to Norton Junction. and laid narrow (standard) gauge track on the OW&WR; alignment as far as a temporary station at Tallow Hill, near Shrub Hill in Worcester.

Compared to oilseed meal from crucifers it measures as having lower nutrient values, however, good results are obtained in cattle, perhaps due to the mucilage, which may aid in slowing digestion and thus allowing more time to absorb nutrients. One study found that feeding flax seeds may increase omega-3 content in beef, while another found no differences. It might also act as a substitute to tallow in increasing marbling. In the US, flax-based feed for ruminants is often somewhat more expensive than other feeds on a nutrient basis.

He was the son of Frederick Hiram and Louise (Price) Parks. Parks was orphaned at an early age, and lived with relatives in Brooklyn, New York, Rochelle, Illinois and Danbury, Connecticut, acquiring his early education in various schools. He began his business career in 1888 as a dealer of hides and tallows in Danbury, Connecticut, and two years later, in association with Edward Solomon Parks, his brother, and John Norris, organized the Danbury Fertilizer Co. for the manufacture of fertilizer. Early in 1894 he purchased from his partners the hide and tallow division of this company.

Spray towers have been used to remove these highly soluble compounds. Spray towers are also used for odor removal in bone meal and tallow manufacturing industries by scrubbing the exhaust gases with a solution of KMnO4. Because of their ability to handle large gas volumes in corrosive atmospheres, spray towers are also used in a number of flue-gas desulfurization systems as the first or second stage in the pollutant removal process. In a spray tower, absorption can be increased by decreasing the size of the liquid droplets and/or increasing the liquid-to-gas ratio (L/G).

Not until 1837, does jack-o'-lantern appear as a term for a carved vegetable lantern, and the carved pumpkin lantern association with Halloween is recorded in 1866.Daily News (Kingston, Ontario), November 1, 1866: :The old time custom of keeping up Hallowe'en was not forgotten last night by the youngsters of the city. They had their maskings and their merry-makings, and perambulated the streets after dark in a way [that] was no doubt amusing to themselves. There was a great sacrifice of pumpkins from which to make transparent heads and face, lighted up by the unfailing two inches of tallow candle.

Whetstone Falls, very close to where Brattleboro's Whetstone Brook flows into the Connecticut River, was a handy source of water power for watermills, initially a sawmill and a gristmill. By 1859, when the population had reached 3,816, Brattleboro had a woolen textile mill, a paper mill, a manufacturer of papermaking machinery, a factory making melodeons, two machine shops, a flour mill, a carriage factory, and four printing establishments. Connected by the Vermont & Massachusetts Railroad and the Vermont Valley Railroad, the town prospered as a regional center for trade in commodities including grain, lumber, turpentine, tallow and pork.Hayward's ''New England Gazetteer of 1839''. Newenglandtowns.org.

Glycerol is generally obtained from plant and animal sources where it occurs in triglycerides, esters of glycerol with long-chain carboxylic acids. The hydrolysis, saponification, or transesterification of these triglycerides produces glycerol as well as the fatty acid derivative: Triglycerides can be saponified with sodium hydroxide to give glycerol and fatty sodium salt or soap. Typical plant sources include soybeans or palm. Animal-derived tallow is another source. Approximately 950,000 tons per year are produced in the United States and Europe; 350,000 tons of glycerol were produced per year in the United States alone from 2000 to 2004.

As early as 1956, there were suggestions in the scientific literature that trans fats could be a cause of the large increase in coronary artery disease but after three decades the concerns were still largely unaddressed. Instead, by the 1980s, fats of animal origin had become one of the greatest concerns of dieticians. Activists, such as Phil Sokolof, who took out full page ads in major newspapers, attacked the use of beef tallow in McDonald's french fries and urged fast-food companies to switch to vegetable oils. The result was an almost overnight switch by most fast-food outlets to trans fats.

In the 1840s he was associated with Evan Mackenzie of Kilcoy station in establishing a boiling down and tallow works at Kangaroo Point. Later he was associated with Joseph Fleming, and then with Robert Towns, in partnerships in Redbank interests. A bitter legal dispute between Towns and Campbell in the mid-1860s ruined Campbell financially, but with the help of his children, he turned his interest to sugar cultivation in southern Moreton Bay. His son Frederick Foster Campbell had already taken up land at Redland Bay, on the shores of Moreton Bay directly opposite Macleay Island, under the Cotton Regulations of 1860.

The Pennsylvania Turnpike opened at midnight on October 1, 1940, between Irwin and Carlisle; the day before the opening, motorists lined up at the Irwin and Carlisle interchanges. Homer D. Romberger, a feed and tallow driver from Carlisle, became the first motorist to enter the turnpike at Carlisle, and Carl A. Boe of McKeesport became the first motorist to enter at Irwin. Boe was flagged down by Frank Lorey and Dick Gangle, the first hitchhikers along the turnpike. On October 6 (the first Sunday after the turnpike's opening) traffic was heavy, with congestion at toll plazas, tunnels and service plazas.

The vessel is built upon temporary cribbing that is arranged to give access to the hull's outer bottom and to allow the launchways to be erected under the complete hull. When it is time to prepare for launching, a pair of standing ways is erected under the hull and out onto the barricades. The surface of the ways is greased. (Tallow and whale oil were used as grease in sailing ship days.) A pair of sliding ways is placed on top, under the hull, and a launch cradle with bow and stern poppets is erected on these sliding ways.

The beer garden "Am chinesischen Turm" in the Englischer Garten in Munich Bavarian uniforms designed by Benjamin Thompson, also known in Bavaria as Reichsgraf von Rumford In 1785, he moved to Bavaria where he became an aide-de-camp to the Prince-elector Charles Theodore. He spent eleven years in Bavaria, reorganizing the army and establishing workhouses for the poor. He also invented Rumford's Soup, a soup for the poor, and established the cultivation of the potato in Bavaria. He studied methods of cooking, heating, and lighting, including the relative costs and efficiencies of wax candles, tallow candles, and oil lamps.

It is a unique building housing a tea rooms and riverside tea gardens. The way of life in the village changed little over the centuries as the farming was always the mixed inbyland and open moors system. Village craftsmen such as blacksmiths and joiners provided for the needs of their own farming community and combined their specialist skills with subsistence farming. An 1823 trade directory lists 17 farmers, four shoemakers, three corn millers, two blacksmiths, two butchers, two victuallers (one also a tallow chandler), a tailor, a wheelwright, and a "blue, brown, and shop paper manufacturer" in Lealholm.

His friend and business associate in the hide and tallow trade, Thomas Larkin urged Atherton to move to California. Larkin wrote: Atherton traveled to Alta California after a period of trading in Chile. He first visited San Francisco, California in 1836, when the city was in its infancy. During this period, Atherton penned his California diary and formed friendships with many prominent Californians, including Carlos Antonio Carrillo, José Antonio Carrillo, Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo, Juan Bandini and Thomas O. Larkin, the United States Consul at Monterey (with whom he would later be associated with in many real estate and commercial ventures).

From 1836 to 1838, Atherton worked as a clerk for Captain Alpheus Basil Thompson (1795-1869)From the description of Alpheus B. Thompson papers, 1825-1864., University of California Press / WorldCat record id: 84653505, a seagoing merchant originally from Brunswick, Maine who by the 1830s had become engaged in the hides and tallow trade on the California coast. Thompson had married into the powerful Carrillo family, which would have opened doors for Atherton. He became familiar with important California leaders, Mexican and American, as well as members of California's foremost influential families; including the Vallejos, Bandinis, and De la Guerras.

Columbia finished her sea trials and sailed around Cape Horn to San Francisco, California loaded with 13 locomotives, 200 railroad cars and other railroad supplies. Columbia made a stop in Rio de Janeiro to replenish her coal supply and was exhibited to Emperor Pedro II of Brazil, who had a fascination with electricity. While passing through the Straits of Magellan, the propeller shaft and rudder were checked using light bulbs attached to a tallow covered cable. After arriving in San Francisco without incident, the original carbon paper filament bulbs were replaced by a shipment of newer bamboo filament bulbs, sent by Edison himself.

A 1907 stereoscope postcard depicting the construction of a passenger liner (the RMS Adriatic) at the Harland and Wolff shipyard When the population of Belfast town began to grow in the 17th century, its economy was built on commerce. It provided a market for the surrounding countryside and the natural inlet of Belfast Lough gave the city its own port. The port supplied an avenue for trade with Great Britain and later Europe and North America. In the mid-17th century, Belfast exported beef, butter, hides, tallow and corn and it imported coal, cloth, wine, brandy, paper, timber and tobacco.

Sometime prior to 1950 the species were reclassified in the genus Sapium, and articles from the 1950s still use the names "Sapium sebiferum" and "Sapium discolor" However, since about 2002 the plants have been reclassified again in the genus Triadica, and the second one had its species name changed to "cochinchinensis". Stillingia oil has a typical drying time of 4–6 hours. The seeds produce 20-30% w/w of tallow fat and 10-17% w/w of stillingia oil. It has iodine number 127, a saponification value of 206, and a thiocyanogen value of 100.7.

As for the manufacturing process, the potatoes are first brought to the plant where they are mechanically cut, blanched, partially fried, flash-frozen, then shipped to individual restaurants of the franchise and served. McDonald's fries were originally prepared using a frying oil mixture of 93% beef tallow and 7% vegetable oil known as Formula 47. The use of this oil blend allowed McDonald's to develop their fries' distinctive flavor and crispiness. In 1990, McDonald's was pressured into switching to frying oil that was entirely vegetable oil due to the National Heart Savers Association's campaign against saturated fats.

Throughout the New World the indigenous peoples of the Americas cooked in the earth for millennia. The original use of buried cooking in pits in North America was done by the Native Americans for thousands of years, including by the tribes of California. In the late 18th and early 19th centuries eras, when the territory became Spanish Las Californias and then Mexican Alta California, the Missions and ranchos of California had large cattle herds for hides and tallow use and export. At the end of the culling and leather tanning season large pit barbecues cooked the remaining meat.

The original Bon Ami formula was developed in 1886 by the J. T. Robertson Soap Company as a gentler alternative to quartz-based scouring powders available on store shelves. In those days, scouring powder was made from tallow and finely ground quartz. When quartz was mined, it was entwined with a mineral called feldspar, and the two had to be separated by hand. The feldspar was discarded until Robertson discovered that this soft mineral could be combined with soap to create a less-abrasive product that would clean without scratching, resulting in the Bon Ami product.

A gland is a general type of stuffing box, used to seal a rotating or reciprocating shaft against a fluid. The most common example is in the head of a tap (faucet) where the gland is usually packed with string which has been soaked in tallow or similar grease. The gland nut allows the packing material to be compressed to form a watertight seal and prevent water leaking up the shaft when the tap is turned on. The gland at the rotating shaft of a centrifugal pump may be packed in a similar way and graphite grease used to accommodate continuous operation.

Hogan became a regular member of the starting fifteen during the 2015 Waterford Championship. He won a second championship medal on 18 October after scoring three points from left corner-forward in a 0-16 to 0-12 defeat of Tallow in the final. On 23 October 2016, Hogan lined out in a third successive Waterford Championship final. He scored three points from left corner-forward ad collected a third winners' medal after a 4-20 to 1-12 defeat of Passage in the final. On 22 October 2017, Hogan lined out in a fourth successive final with Ballygunner.

Cape Byron Lighthouse Looking south from the lighthouse along Tallow Beach Wategos Beach with Julian Rocks out to sea Byron Bay with sugar cane burning in the distance Byron Bay is a beachside town located in the far-northeastern corner of the state of New South Wales, Australia It is located north of Sydney and south of Brisbane. Cape Byron, a headland adjacent to the town, is the easternmost point of mainland Australia. At the 2016 census, the town had a permanent population of 9,246. It is the largest town of Byron Shire, though not the shire's administrative centre (which is Mullumbimby).

The Shoshone agreed to barter horses to the group and to provide guides to lead them over the cold and barren Rocky Mountains. The trip was so hard that they were reduced to eating tallow candles to survive. When they descended into the more temperate regions on the other side, Sacagawea helped to find and cook camas roots to help them regain their strength. As the expedition approached the mouth of the Columbia River on the Pacific Coast, Sacagawea gave up her beaded belt to enable the captains to trade for a fur robe they wished to give to President Thomas Jefferson.

Close up of organic materials such as hair, shell, bone, and feathers embedded in windows of timber pillar Close up view of one of the timber pillars with Latin and Aboriginal language engravings Edge of the Trees is a "forest" of 29 massive pillars made of wood, steel and sandstone clustering at the museum forecourt near the entrance. Wooden pillars points to the grove of trees that once occupied the site. The pillars were Ironbark and Tallow wood trees which were collected from around Sydney. The sandstone material is to suggest Sydney's historical building material and the substance on which Sydney is built.

After two or three years at the Arizona Biltmore, in September 1986 Hill took a position as the chef de cuisine (executive chef) at the Westin Cypress Creek Hotel in Fort Lauderdale, Florida (which he helped opened). At the Westin Cypress Creek, Hill oversaw a staff of 100 and the preparation and presentation of modern American cuisine in two restaurants. He was noted for his delicately flavored sauces and finishes and for his exquisite skill as sculpting ice and tallow. Jen Campbell, food and beverage administrator for the entire Westin Hotels chain, praised Hill as gregarious, care-free, and very relaxed.

In 1821, Mexico achieved independence from Spain, although Mexico did not send a governor to California until 1824, and only a portion of payroll was ever reinstated (ibid.). The 21,000 Mission Indians produced hide, tallow, wool, and textiles at this time, and the leather products were exported to Boston, South America, and Asia. This trading system sustained the colonial economy from 1810 until 1830. The missions began to lose control over land in the 1820s, as unpaid military men unofficially encroached, but officially missions maintained authority over native neophytes and control of land holdings until the 1830s.

At the 1215 siege of Rochester Castle, King John ordered that fat from 40 pigs be used to set fire to the mines beneath the keep, which caused it to collapse; a cheap and effective technique in place of the more complicated mixture of sulfur, tallow, gum, pitch and quicksilver he had used in France the previous year.Matarasso, pp. 100–1 Animal fat was not uncommon as an accelerant; in the 13th century French sortie-parties would often be equipped with animal fat, straw and flax to use as fuel when setting fires amongst enemy siege engines.Nicolle (2005), p.

Cattle ranching need far less labor than agriculture, but did need sufficient grazing land for their herds to increase. As more Spaniards settled in the central areas of Mexico where there were already large numbers of indigenous settlements, the number of ranching enterprises declined and ranching was pushed north. Northern Mexico was mainly dry and its indigenous population nomadic or semi-nomadic, allowing Spanish ranching activities to expand largely without competition. As mining areas developed in the north, Spanish haciendas and ranches supplied products from cattle, not just meat, but hides and tallow, for the silver mining areas.

As English-speaking traders and settlers expanded westward, English and Spanish traditions, language and culture merged to some degree. Before the Mexican–American War in 1848, New England merchants who traveled by ship to California encountered both hacendados and vaqueros, trading manufactured goods for the hides and tallow produced from vast cattle ranches. American traders along what later became known as the Santa Fe Trail had similar contacts with vaquero life. Starting with these early encounters, the lifestyle and language of the vaquero began a transformation which merged with English cultural traditions and produced what became known in American culture as the "cowboy".

The proposal was immediately derided and denied by the HBC governing committee. They feared that if the Oragon Beef and Tallow Company were successful then HBC members would quit the fur trade to become pastoralists and agriculturalists. While Simpson was favorable to the idea of growing expansive numbers of livestock and farmlands, he was decidedly against McLoughlin's stance of independent men supplying the provisions for trade in Russian America and the Kingdom of Hawaii. Late in 1834, agreeing to Simpson's idea of the HBC directly overseeing these proposed operations, the committee considered a new central depot for operations on the Pacific Coast.

After the sale of its sixth and last hall in 1921 it moved in with its longstanding trade and livery partner, the Worshipful Company of Cordwainers, with which it maintains a close relationship. Along with many other livery halls, Cordwainers' Hall in Cannon Street was itself destroyed by enemy action in 1941 and since then the Curriers have been without their own hall. However, from 1942 onwards the company has been housed at Tallow Chandlers' Hall, where it holds its Court meetings. Historically several streets in the now London Borough of Camden's environs were named after the currying trade, eg.

It has also been regarded as a "poverty food". Many restaurants in the western nations have eliminated the use of lard in their kitchens because of the health-related dietary restrictions of many of their customers, and religious pork-based dietary restrictions such as Kashrut and Halal mean that some bakers will substitute beef tallow for lard. In the 1990s and early 2000s, however, chefs and bakers rediscovered lard's unique culinary values, leading to a partial rehabilitation of this fat among "foodies". Negative publicity about the transfat content of the partially hydrogenated vegetable oils in vegetable shortening has partially driven this trend.

The factory on Sturt Street, between Russell and Norman streets, was by 1875 turning out 30 tons of soap and 6 tons of candles per week. The process of boiling down fat and tallow produces some particularly foul odours, and Tidmarsh was diligent in reducing this nuisance to a minimum by ventilating the vats through charcoal or quicklime. The lees were transported away from the factory in a large airtight container on wheels, to be dumped at some remote location. The partnership was dissolved in 1877 after Letchford suffered a deterioration in his health, and Tidmarsh ran the business alone.

3700 BC, making them more than 5,700 years old. In Lost-wax casting was widespread in Europe until the 18th century, when a piece-moulding process came to predominate. The steps used in casting small bronze sculptures are fairly standardized, though the process today varies from foundry to foundry. (In modern industrial use, the process is called investment casting.) Variations of the process include: "lost mould", which recognizes that materials other than wax can be used (such as: tallow, resin, tar, and textile); and "waste wax process" (or "waste mould casting"), because the mould is destroyed to remove the cast item.

A 1918 advertisement for shortening Originally shortening was synonymous with lard, but with the invention of margarine from beef tallow by French chemist Hippolyte Mège- Mouriès in 1869, margarine also came to be included in the term. Since the invention of hydrogenated vegetable oil in the early 20th century, "shortening" has come almost exclusively to mean hydrogenated vegetable oil. Modern margarine is made mainly of refined vegetable oil and water, and may also contain milk. Vegetable shortening shares many properties with lard: both are semi-solid fats with a higher smoke point than butter and margarine.

'Colonial'-style tapered candle molds With the growth of the whaling industry in the 18th century, spermaceti, an oil that comes from a cavity in the head of the sperm whale, became a widely used substance for candle making. The spermaceti was obtained by crystallizing the oil from the sperm whale and was the first candle substance to become available in mass quantities. Like beeswax, spermaceti wax did not create a repugnant odor when burned, and produced a significantly brighter light. It was also harder than either tallow or beeswax, so it would not soften or bend in the summer heat.

Riding a Texas Longhorn on Padre Island, Texas As Texas became more densely settled through increased migration after it was annexed by the US, the frontier was developed for crop farms and ranch lands. The leaner beef of the Texas Longhorn was not as attractive in an era where tallow was highly prized. The breed's ability to survive on the poor vegetation of the open range was not as important as the range was enclosed. Other breeds demonstrated traits more highly valued by the modern rancher, such as the ability to gain weight quickly for marketing as beef.

The fat obtained can be used as low-cost raw material in making grease, animal feed, soap, candles, biodiesel, and as a feed-stock for the chemical industry. Tallow, derived from beef waste, is an important raw material in the steel rolling industry, providing lubrication when compressing steel sheets. Meat and bones (in a dry, ground state) are converted to meat and bone meal. Health professionals believe that meat and bone meal in animal feed was the main route for the late-20th century spread of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (mad-cow disease, BSE), which is also fatal to humans.

Otranto, named after the Strait of Otranto between Italy and Albania, was built by Workman, Clark and Company at its Belfast shipyard as yard number 278. She was built for the Orient Steam Navigation Company's England to Australia run. The first attempt to launch the ship failed on 23 March 1909 as the tallow used to lubricate the slipway had frozen and Otranto ground to a halt after sliding only . Attempts to persuade her to resume her progress with hydraulic jacks failed and the slipway had to be partially rebuilt before she was successfully launched four days later.

In 1840, from the port of Alviso, California, beaver pelts, cattle hides and tallow were shipped to San Francisco. In addition, in 1828 fur trapper Michel La Framboise travelled from the Bonaventura River to San Francisco and then the missions of San José, San Francisco Solano and San Rafael Arcángel. La Framboise stated that "the Bay of San Francisco abounds in beaver", and that he "made his best hunt in the vicinity of the missions". Golden beaver were apparently wiped out by trappers in the Bay Area sometime after the end of the California Fur Rush.

The house is set in an extensive and intact 1920s garden that includes a grass tennis court. The garden contains most of the native and exotic trees planted by Swain in the 1920s and many fruit and rainforest trees. The grounds contain a large plantation of hoop and kauri pine trees near the bank of Brisbane River and a number of mature cedar trees. A row of mature kauri trees lines the southern boundary of the land and tallow wood, crows ash, satinay and yellow pine trees are found in a group to the right of the site behind the tennis court.

The book draws attention to the numerical significance of the 2006 global oil production figure: of crude oil per day is equivalent to one thousand barrels per second. He believes the transcendence of this consumption threshold marks the beginning of a historically significant “energy break point” when oil’s dominant position as a primary energy source is no longer tenable. The book examines industrial society's "addiction" to oil in its past, present and future aspects. The history of humankind’s ongoing adoption and abandonment of energy sources – wood, coal, tallow, whale oil, kerosene, etc. – illustrates a “evolutionary energy cycle”.

Gerald matriculated from Queen's College, Oxford in 1605, entered Gray's Inn in 1608 and was called to the Bar in 1616. No doubt because he had relatives on the Irish Bench he was called to the Irish Bar three years later. He was MP for Tallow in the Parliament of Ireland from 1613 to 1615. The Irish Lowthers were supporters of the "Great Earl", Richard Boyle, 1st Earl of Cork, the dominant Irish magnate of his time, and ties were strengthened when in 1621 Gerald married a daughter of Sir Lawrence Parsons, the Earl's legal adviser.

Baker, Gayle, Newport Beach, HarborTown Histories, Santa Barbara, CA, 2004, p. 15-16, (print) 9780987903839 (on-line) They established a successful fishing wharf on the Balboa Peninsula and the townsite of Newport Beach. In the late 1860s, the bay was used as a landing to load hides, tallow, hay and other goods for export. In September 1870, Captain Samuel S. Dunnells’ steamer Vaquero ventured into the bay to offload a cargo of lumber and shingles. Captain Dunnells soon established “Newport Landing” by constructing a small wharf and warehouse near the west end of the present Coast Highway/Newport Bay Bridge.

After a San Francisco ordinance in 1868 banned the slaughter and processing of animals within the city proper, a group of butchers established a "butchers reservation" on of tidal marshland in the Bayview district. Within ten years, 18 slaughterhouses were located in the area along with their associated production facilities for tanning, fertilizer, wool and tallow. The "reservation" (then bounded by present-day Ingalls Street, Third Street, from Islais Creek to Bayshore) and the surrounding houses and businesses became known as Butchertown. The butcher industry declined following the 1906 San Francisco earthquake until 1971 when the final slaughterhouse closed.

These bags of taureaux (lit. 'bulls') when mixed with fat from the udder were known as taureaux fins, when mixed with bone marrow as taureaux grand and when mixed with berries as taureaux à grains. The product of 1,776 buffalo cows on one autumn hunt in 1845, which 55 hunters and their families with 213 carts took part, was 228 bags of pemmican (pimikchigan) each (), 1213 bales of dried meat (viande sèche) each to , 166 sacks of tallow (boskoyas) each and 556 bladders of marrow each . The Hudson's Bay Company depended on the products of the buffalo hunts well into the 1870s.

The original use of buried cooking in barbecue pits in North America was done by the Native Americans for thousands of years, including by the tribes of California. In the late 18th and early 19th centuries eras, when the territory became Spanish Las Californias and then Mexican Alta California, the Missions and ranchos of California had large cattle herds for hides and tallow use and export. At the end of the culling and leather tanning season large pit barbecues cooked the remaining meat. In the early days of California statehood after 1850 the Californios continued the outdoor cooking tradition for fiestas.

In the Russian translation, the curry is replaced with garlic sauce, since curry was largely unknown to Russian-speaking public at the time. That part is briefly referenced in the Soviet Sherlock Holmes TV series, but no other part of the case is. Straker's pockets contained two interesting items: a tallow candle and a milliner's bill for (among other things) a 22-guinea dress, made out to one William Derbyshire. There is the curious incident with the dog, and a problem with the sheep kept at the stable: a shepherd tells Holmes that three of his animals have recently become suddenly lame.

The Caucasian, (newspaper of Shreveport, Louisiana) 6 June 1911...Retrieved 4 October 2018 Twenty-two tons of soap and tallow were spread on the slipway to lubricate the ship's passage into the River Lagan. In keeping with the White Star Line's traditional policy, the ship was not formally named or christened with champagne. The ship was towed to a fitting- out berth where, over the course of the next year, her engines, funnels and superstructure were installed and her interior was fitted out. Although Titanic was virtually identical to the class's lead ship Olympic, a few changes were made to distinguish both ships.

Alfred Robinson sailed to Alta California in 1829 in the employ of Bryant, Sturgis and Company, a Boston-based firm in the California hide and tallow trade. He married Anita de la Guerra de Noriega y Carrillo, of the locally prominent de la Guerra family of Santa Barbara. The marriage party is described by Richard Henry Dana, Jr., in "Two Years Before the Mast". After the Mexican Cession, and California was annexed by the U.S. in 1848 and became a state in 1850, Robinson worked for the Pacific Mail Steamship Company, and as a land manager during the 1850s through the 1880s.

As English-speaking traders and settlers expanded westward, English and Spanish traditions, language and culture merged to some degree. Before the Mexican–American War in 1848, New England merchants who traveled by ship to California encountered both hacendados and vaqueros, trading manufactured goods for the hides and tallow produced from vast cattle ranches. American traders along what later became known as the Santa Fe Trail had similar contacts with vaquero life. Starting with these early encounters, the lifestyle and language of the vaquero began a transformation which merged with English cultural traditions and produced what became known in American culture as the "cowboy".

The internal shell's aperture was then plugged up, and it was immersed in a mixture of 4 parts of melted pitch, 20 of rosin, 1 of oil of turpentine, and as much ground gunpowder as was needed to reduce it to the consistency of a paste. After immersion, the shell was to be covered with tow, and immersed again, until it was the proper size for the mortar. Carcass shells as used by the Royal Navy from the 18th to the 19th centuries were filled with a mixture of saltpeter, sulfur, rosin, sulfide of antimony, tallow and turpentine.

Externally, the practical offices supporting the house are all accessed by a long inclined tunnel from the stable yard away, so that tradesmen, servants and estate staff approached and left the house unseen, with the architect's Neo-classical ideal composition above ground left seemingly undisturbed by day-to-day business. Numerous out-buildings can be found on the estate; those of interest include lodges, "Grand Yard", workshops, stables, and a "Tallow House" (originally used for candle-making, now a gift shop and reception area). The entrance to the service tunnel to the house is adjacent to the Grand Yard.

Items shipped from Maryborough included wool, tallow, and timber and these were later followed by coal and sugar. Maryborough grew quickly as the port for Gympie, where gold was discovered in October 1867, as it provided a route by ship to the Port of Maryborough, then overland south to Gympie, an alternative to the rough road running north from Brisbane. The long-term viability of the Gympie goldfield ensured the continued growth of Maryborough and the need for sawmills, foundries and construction firms. Coal mining on the Burrum River also needed Maryborough's construction industries and shipping.

In August 1403 a French force under Guillaume II du Chastel (died 1404) sailed across the Channel and mounted a bold raid on the Devon coast, in which they plundered and burned the town of Plymouth. By November that year, the West Country had put together a fleet for an expedition of retaliation. Consisting of vessels contributed by the shipowners of Plymouth, Dartmouth and Bristol, Wilford was appointed as admiral in command. Crossing to the port of Brest, they captured six foreign vessels there and the next day took four more, holding cargoes of olive oil, tallow and iron.

Dhupa kernels are approximately 47% of the fruit, with the average kernel weighing 55 grams. The color of the kernel is reddish white or green, and it has a thick brown covering/hull and is hard, brittle, and aromatic. The moisture content in a fresh kernel is about 41-47%; it also contains 19-23% of pale yellow fat/oil having a tallow-like consistency that turns white over time. Kernels are generally dried in sunlight or by steam to enable extraction of the fat/oil, which is generally around 25% of the dried kernel by weight.

St. Mary's of Aransas was founded around 1850, two miles north of the settlement of Black Point, near the port of Copano, by developer Joseph F. Smith. The town soon grew into a major port and became a leading lumber and construction- material center on the Texas coast. Other goods shipped included hides, tallow, cattle, and cotton, which were exchanged via wagon to Refugio, Goliad, Beeville and San Antonio. During the American Civil War, the port was used by blockade runners, and as a result, federal troops attacked and burned down a warehouse and two wharves.

It had to be kept supple with tallow, which is attractive to rats. The flaps were eaten, and vacuum operation lasted less than a year, from 1847 (experimental service began in September; operations from February 1848) to 10 September 1848. Deterioration of the valve due to the reaction of tannin and iron oxide has been cited as the last straw that sank the project, as the continuous valve began to tear from its rivets over most of its length, and the estimated replacement cost of £25,000 was considered prohibitive. The system never managed to prove itself.

The youngest daughter obeys, and finds he is a highly attractive prince, but she spills three drops of the melted tallow on him, waking him. He tells her that if she held out a year, he would have been free, but now he must go to his wicked stepmother, who enchanted him into this shape and lives in a castle east of the Sun and west of the Moon, and marry her hideous daughter, a troll princess. In the morning, the youngest daughter finds that the palace has vanished. She sets out in search of him.

In 1924, Ware joined the newly-established Erin's Own club. Just four years later, he was goalkeeper on the Erin's Own team that won their first Waterford Senior Championship after an 8-02 to 0-05 defeat of reigning champions Dungarvan. It was the first of nine consecutive championship titles for the club, with Ware lining out in goal for all the subsequent victories over Tallow (1928, 1931, 1932, 1934, 1935), Lismore (1929), Dungarvan (1930) and Dunhill (1933). Ware won his 10th championship medal, after a lapse of seven years, on 18 October 1942 after a defeat of Lismore in the final.

In the 17th century during sieges, armies attempted to start fires by launching incendiary shells filled with sulfur, tallow, rosin, turpentine, saltpeter, and/or antimony. Even when fires were not started, the resulting smoke and fumes provided a considerable distraction. Although their primary function was never abandoned, a variety of fills for shells were developed to maximize the effects of the smoke. In 1672, during his siege of the city of Groningen, Christoph Bernhard von Galen, the Bishop of Münster, employed several different explosive and incendiary devices, some of which had a fill that included Deadly Nightshade, intended to produce toxic fumes.

TerraVia had the third party organization Thinkstep conduct life cycle analyses on its products in order to assess their environmental impacts in comparison to other oils. The results show that algae oil production often has significantly lower environmental impacts in comparison to traditional oil sources. A life cycle analysis conducted in 2016 compared the sugarcane-fed algae oil produced at the Solazyme Bunge joint venture facility in Brazil against soybean, tallow, palm kernel, olive, palm, canola, and sunflower oil in terms of its carbon emissions and water consumption. Thinkstep found that the algae oil was on par with sunflower oil in terms of global warming potential per kilogram of oil produced.

New varieties of Ivory soap contain altered ingredients, such as in "Simply Ivory" (or "simplement ivory"): sodium tallowate and/or sodium palmate, water, sodium cocoate or sodium palm kernelate, glycerin, sodium chloride, fragrance, one or more of the following: coconut acid, palm kernel acid, tallow acid or palmitic acid, and tetrasodium EDTA. The additional ingredients primarily are to reduce the harshness of the soap, since additional glycerin and fatty acids are typically used for that purpose. Tetrasodium EDTA is used primarily to reduce soap scum formation. Bars of Ivory now come without the words "soap" or "float" on the packaging, and they are made with the latter formula.

The Sambisa forest is one of the few forests in North Eastern Nigeria where sparse vegetation is the norm. Most of the vegetation is typical of the Sudanian Savanna although, because of human activity, some parts have become more like the Sahel savanna. The forest consists of a mixture of open woodland and sections of very dense vegetation of short trees about two metres high and thorny bushes, with a height of 1/2-1 metre, which are difficult to penetrate. Major trees and bushes in the forest include tallow, rubber, wild black plum, birch, date palm, mesquite, acacia, monkey bread, red bushwillow, baobab, jackalberry, tamarind and terminalia.

A description of the frontier town of Mackay is given, including the various sheep, cattle and sugar industries that were beginning to be established around it. The implementation of the Marsupial Act is depicted where droves of marsupials were entrapped and destroyed to reduce competition for the fodder of the introduced stock. The author writes about the boiling down establishments where thousands of excess sheep and cattle were boiled down to make tallow, which ensured a basement price for all stock at £1 10s a head. Life on the nearby goldfields of Mt Britten and Canoona is described and the difficult life of a bullock driver is mentioned.

A variety of injectants may be used to create artificial marbling. The injectant may be pure fat (such as tallow) heated to a high temperature to melt it while sufficiently cool so as not to cook the meat when injected, fat suspended in an emulsifier, fat blended with vegetable oils, or fatty acids such as conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in powder form. Research into artificial marbling through fat injection was carried out as early as the 1960s. A 1999 Polish study found that fat-injected horse meat tended to retain more flavour than non-injected control samples after two-week and three-month periods of cold storage.

Candles were made of tallow (animal fat) and they were very pungent and smokey. The building was built on reclaimed ground from the River Liffey and due to this, in 1670 and later in 1701 the upper galleries collapsed killing several people inside and injuring many more including the son of the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, Charles Earl of Middlesex. He was pulled from the wreckage of his box with two broken legs There was another partial collapse in March 1734 after which it was abandoned for a short while. The major decision was then taken to demolish and rebuild the theatre in 1735 with increased audience capacity.

The early Maryborough economy was centred around livestock farming, logging of the bunya pine forests, and the boiling down of animal carcasses to make tallow. In the late 1850s the soil along the Mary River was deemed ideal for the cultivation of sugarcane and in 1859 Edgar Thomas Aldridge was able to grow and produce a world-class experimental crop. Seeing the profitable potential, many influential local landholders such as Henry Palmer and John Eaton formed the Maryborough Sugar Company in 1865. Farmers switched to growing cane and the first Mary River sugar refinery, known as the Central Mill, was built in 1867 by Robert Greathead and Frederick Gladwell.

Phelan first enjoyed success at club level with the Mount Sion club in Waterford, winning back-to-back championship medals in the minor grade in 1933 and 1934. After joining the Mount Sion junior team, Phelan won a championship medal in this grade in 1935. Mount Sion, at their first attempt, won their way into the semi-final of the senior championship, where they caused a major shock by beating Decies kingpins, Erin's Own in search of an incredible ten-a-row. Mount Sion later beat Tallow by 2-6 to 1-5 in the 1936 final, with Phelan lining out at centre- forward.

It was established in July 1978, In 2013, NCHTUK announced the formation of the British Board of Hindu Scholars in order to provide an alternative, authoritative, scholarly source for Indology studies. In December, Sharma represented the council during the Ambassadors reception where he presented Prince William a copy of the ancient Indian epic of Valmiki Ramayana on behalf of the council. In May 2016, NCHTUK and HFB were requested by DCLG for improving the crematorium provisions in line with the Hindu traditions for cremating the dead. Later in December, the council protested the issue of £5 notes by Bank of England that contained tallow (a form of animal fat).

Four final appearances in succession proved beyond Ballygunner, however, the club reached a fourth final in five seasons on 13 October 2013. O'Keeffe ended on the losing side for the second time in his career following a 3-16 to 3-13 defeat by first-time champions Passage. O'Keeffe lined out in goal in a fifth Waterford Senior Championship final on 5 October 2014. Ballygunner defeated Mount Sion by 2-16 to 0-09, with O'Keeffe collecting a third winners' medal. On 18 October 2015, O'Keeffe won a fourth Waterford Senior Championship medal following a 0-16 to 0-12 defeat of Tallow in the final.

Spanish explorers led by Juan Bautista de Anza first passed through the Santa Clara Valley area in 1776, and in 1797 Mission San Juan Bautista was established near the Pajaro River. In 1809, Ygnacio Ortega was granted the Spanish land concession Rancho San Ysidro. The village of San Ysidro (not to be confused with the present-day San Diego community) grew nearby, at the foot of Pacheco Pass which linked the El Camino Real and the Santa Clara Valley with the San Joaquin Valley. California's main exports at this time were hides and tallow, of which thousands of barrels were produced and shipped to the rest of New Spain.

Drake Bakeries was one of the few snack cake companies to be produced under kosher guidelines, not using lard or tallow which are prohibited under kosher food laws. In the 1960s, the Drake's brand—which involved familiar products including Ring Dings, Yodels, Devil Dogs, Yankee Doodles, Sunny Doodles, Funny Bones, and its trademark round coffee cake—was purchased by large food manufacturing companies. It was first owned by Borden until 1987 when it was sold to Ralston Purina, and operations were overseen by Ralston Purina's ITT Continental Baking Company. In 1991, it was sold to Culinar, and later Interstate Bakeries Corporation which acquired Hostess Brands and Wonder Bread.

Bradby Blake spent considerable time and energy experimenting with various ways to send seeds and plants overseas. For example, with the tallow tree, Bradby Blake tested growing seeds in various types of soil and with varying amounts of water. He also tested and recorded various treatments to preserve seeds; these included storage in a tortoiseshell box, storage in wax, and drying the seeds before later packaging and shipping them. For live plants, Bradby Blake ultimately utilized a method of transport similar to one designed by John Ellis, in which plants are kept in wired cases that held them stable while also allowing for efficient movement of the specimens.

Clancy's initial partners in the business were Maurice Brennan, Thomas Walsh (who, like Clancy, had been in the Four Courts garrison at Easter 1916, had been sentenced to death, but was later reprieved) and other comrades."Death of Easter Week Veteran: Mr. T. Walsh, Lyrenacarriga, Tallow: Dies in Dublin", Dungarvan Observer, 30 September 1939. By 1920, the initial partnership had been dissolved, Brennan and Walsh had gone out on their own at 5 Upper O'Connell Street (which was also used as a base by the Volunteers, with Walsh acting as intelligence officer of the 1st Battalion)Sean Prendergast, Bureau of Military History Witness Statement, p.

In later, non-Mythos horror stories, Bloch still occasionally made reference to his invented tome. Bloch's "The Sorcerer's Jewel" (1939) briefly mentions "Prinn's chapter on divination" as a potential source for information on "The Star of Sechmet", a mysterious crystal. The book plays a larger role in "Black Bargain" (1942), in which it is described as :something...that told you how you could compound aconite and belladonna and draw circles of phosphorescent fire on the floor when the stars were right. Something that spoke of melting tallow candles and blending them with corpse-fat, whispered of the uses to which animal sacrifices might be put.

Brazilian industry has its earliest origin in workshops dating from the beginning of the 19th century. Most of the country's industrial establishments appeared in the Brazilian southeast (mainly in the provinces of Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais and, later, São Paulo), and, according to the Commerce, Agriculture, Factories and Navigation Joint, 77 establishments registered between 1808 and 1840 were classified as “factories” or “manufacturers”. However, most, about 56 establishments, would be considered workshops by today's standards, directed toward the production of soap and candles of tallow, snuff tobacco, spinning and weaving, foods, melting of iron and metals, wool and silk, amongst others. They used both slaves and free laborers.

Haviland Park covers an area of 10 acres contains plantings and built features which are substantially intact from the time of establishment. There is remnant evidence of the construction apparatus, including rail tracks, building footings, concrete anchors, former aggregate conveyor tunnel, existing terraced road alignments, 19 ton cableway and associated machinery. The tree lined avenue of exotic and indigenous plantings includes; coastal redwood (Sequoia sempervirens), Chinese tallow tree (Sapium sabiferum), brush box (Lophostemon confertus), sweet gum (Liquidambar styraciflua), paperbark (Melaleuca sp.), Jacaranda, camphor laurel (Cinnamomum camphora), plus major species of Monterey pine (Pinus radiata), Eucalypt, and she-oak (Casuarina sp.). The site is surrounded by a dry packed stone retaining wall.

In 1979, the US 52 designation moved to the Nick Joe Rahall II Bridge as tolls on that span were removed that year; the segment east of the Rahall Bridge to the Chesapeake interchange was renumbered to SR 7\. Ten years later, the four-lane expressway was extended eastward to an incomplete trumpet interchange just east of Big Branch Road. A four-lane connector route from the partially complete interchange to the foot of the Robert C. Byrd Bridge at SR 527 was completed. At the same time, the two-lane Chesapeake interchange ramp just east of Tallow Ridge Road was converted to a northbound-only exit ramp.

PETA activist dressed as a chicken confronts the manager of the Times Square McDonald's over the company's animal welfare standards. In the late 1980s, Phil Sokolof, a millionaire businessman who had suffered a heart attack at the age of 43, took out full-page newspaper ads in New York, Chicago, and other large cities accusing McDonald's menu of being a threat to American health, and asking them to stop using beef tallow to cook their french fries. In 1990, activists from a small group known as London Greenpeace (no connection to the international group Greenpeace) distributed leaflets entitled What's wrong with McDonald's?, criticizing its environmental, health, and labor record.

After the Spanish possession now known as Mexico (first known as "América Septentrional" or "Northern America") won its War of Independence from Spain in 1821, Mexico initially retained Spain's missions and settlements along the Pacific coast, and continued Spain's claims to territory as far north as today's border between California and Oregon. In the 1830s, Mexico ended Church control of the missions in California and opened the land to secular development, particularly ranching. By the 1840s, there were small Mexican settlements at San Diego, Los Angeles, San Francisco, and the territorial capital at Monterey. These settlements primarily traded cattle hides and tallow with American and European merchant vessels.

Seventeenth-century ships chandler, Amsterdam 1932 chandler's lighter, now a museum piece A ship chandler is a retail dealer who specializes in providing supplies or equipment for ships.The Maritime Industry Knowledge Centre For traditional sailing ships, items that could be found in a chandlery might include sail-cloth, rosin, turpentine, tar, pitch (resin), linseed oil, whale oil, tallow, lard, varnish, twine, rope and cordage, hemp, and oakum. Tools (hatchet, axe, hammer, chisel, planes, lantern, nails, spike, boat hook, caulking iron, hand pump, and marlinspike) and items needed for cleaning such as brooms and mops might be available. Galley supplies, leather goods, and paper might also appear.

The former Meatworks and Wharf Site was listed on the Queensland Heritage Register on 23 February 2001 having satisfied the following criteria. The place is important in demonstrating the evolution or pattern of Queensland's history. The Former Meatworks & Wharf Site, St Lawrence is thought to be associated with the tallow works established in the area in the 1860s, the earliest establishment of the town of St Lawrence and later with the extension of the site to include meatworks and boiling down works, from to . The site survives as an important illustration of early industrial development of Queensland and of the settlement of the Broadsound area in particular.

Seddon attended Queen Victoria's Diamond Jubilee and received her Jubilee Medal and an appointment in the Privy Council. In 1902 he attended the coronation of King Edward VII and Queen Alexandra and received his Coronation Medal. During the same visit, he received the Freedom of the Borough of his home-town St Helens during a visit there in July 1902, and the Freedom of the City of Edinburgh and an honorary degree LL.D. from the University of Edinburgh during a visit to the city later the same month. He was also presented with the Honorary Freedom of the Worshipful Company of Tallow Chandlers on 8 August 1902.

In 1764 the historian Amyas Griffith wrote that Wexford's chief export was corn (2 million barrels per year), herrings, beer, beef, hides, tallow, butter etc. and they trade to all parts of the globe but in particular to Liverpool, Barbados, Dublin, Norway and Bordeaux. The town continued to experience expansion and economic growth and in 1772 two important bodies were set up - the Quay Corporation with full responsibility for shipping, quays and harbour and the Bridge Corporation to build two bridges across the Slaney at Wexford and Ferrycarrig. By 1788, Wexford, with 44 cargo ships and 200 herring boats was the sixth busiest port in Ireland.

The recipe 'take clarified honey, fresh urine of a he-goat, alum, borax, oliver oil, and salt; mix everything well together and quench therein' might, through the urea content of the urine (H2NCONH2), have helped to produce nitrated, 'case-hardened' iron. Less likely to have been efficacious is: 'take varnish, dragon's blood, horn scrapings, half as much salt, juice made from earthworms, radish juice, tallow, and vervain and quench therein. It is also very advantageous in hardening if a piece that is to be hardened is first thoroughly cleaned and well polished'.Rolf E. Hummel, Understanding Materials Science: History · Properties · Applications (New York: Springer, 1998), p. 7.

The lethal dose of different glyphosate-based formulations varies, especially with respect to the surfactants used. Formulations intended for terrestrial use that include the surfactant polyethoxylated tallow amine (POEA) can be more toxic than other formulations for aquatic species. Due to the variety in available formulations, including five different glyphosate salts and different combinations of inert ingredients, it is difficult to determine how much surfactants contribute to the overall toxicity of each formulation. Independent scientific reviews and regulatory agencies have regularly concluded that glyphosate-based herbicides do not lead to a significant risk for human or environmental health when the product label is properly followed.

Mangalore, Patrick, master, first appears in online resources with her arrival at Port Jackson on 1 November 1811 from Bengal. She left Port Jackson on 28 November with destination Bengal. She brought "Bengal sugar, fine Hyion tea, calicoes, blue bastas, wax and tallow candles, canvas sacks, shirts and trowsers of a superior quality, indigo; bandanna handkerchiefs, taffities of various colours, long cloth and punjum, salt-petre, pepper, spice, mirzapore and patna chintz, a small quantity of striped, and checked dureas, sugar candy, rice, table cloths and towels, fine chinlz Europe patterns. Madeira wine, window glass, which will be sold by the bag, chest, bale, or package".

Eldridge and Sorenson have both said that the truck driver had been driving a two-tone green Leyland Beaver forward-control Prime Mover for Mayne Nickless, towing a trailer of tallow which was being transported to Sydney from the meatworks at Nerimbera. Both Eldridge and Sorenson have been highly critical of the way police handled the original disappearance and murder investigations. In 2018 and 2019, The Morning Bulletin reported that a former long-distance truck driver had come forward following a television appearance by Eldridge in late 2016.Smith, Leighton (31 July 2019) COLD CASE: The crime that rocked our region, The Morning Bulletin.

There are some queen palms planted along the eastern side of Frederick Street, which extends into the park, and a small double row of palms cuts from Frederick Street diagonally to Honour Avenue. Some palms also run down Park Road in front of the Scout hall. Two mango trees stand near the old tennis court terrace, there are cypress trees planted on three sides of the functioning tennis courts, and assorted specimen and memorial trees grow on the east lawn between the memorial pavilion and the Ipswich Road memorial gates. A large tallow wood eucalyptus stands near the entry to the rugby ground carpark.

From this port, beaver pelts, cattle hides and tallow went to San Francisco. The city of Alviso was incorporated on March 4, 1852, as the boating and shipping port of San José and the transportation hub for the Santa Clara Valley to the San Francisco Bay. Steamboats traveled regularly between San Francisco and Alviso. That usage declined with the growth in railroad transportation between San Francisco and San José. In 1864 Alviso was bypassed by the San Francisco and San Jose Railroad, (later part of the Southern Pacific Railroad). However, in the 1880s Alviso was a stop on the Newark line of Southern Pacific Railroad between San José and Oakland.

Manuel Blanco Romasanta (né Manuela; 18 November 1809 – 14 December 1863) was Spain's first recorded serial killer. In 1853, he admitted to thirteen murders, but claimed he was not responsible because he was suffering from a curse that caused him to turn into a wolf. Although this defense was rejected at trial, Queen Isabella II commuted his death sentence to allow doctors to investigate the claim as an example of clinical lycanthropy. Romasanta has become part of Spanish folklore as the Werewolf of Allariz and is also known as The Tallow Man, a nickname he earned for rendering his victims' fat to make high-quality soap.

However as rivalry increased, Venice ordered a prohibition from the Porte forbidding the ships from Ulcinj to transport cereals. In 1718, Venice initiated a protectionist policy against Albanian merchant ships. However the mariners refused to accept this and on may 6, 1720, five armed Ulcinj ships blocked the bay of Durrës and demanded that foreign ships leave the Albanian coast. In 1720, the Ulcinj trading fleet became the protagonist in the trade and mediation between Habsburg and Venice, dealing mostly in salted fish, liquor, cheese, turtles, silk, linseed, dried fruits, wax, soap, tallow, silk, cotton, timber, pitch, tar and, above all, cereals, tobacco and olive oil and raisins.

In about 1834, Richard Henry Dana, Jr. visited San Pedro Harbor as a sailor. His book, Two Years Before the Mast, includes a brief depiction of the pueblo and area, then dependent on the export of cattle hides and tallow. In 1835 it was made a city by the Mexican Congress, and declared the capital, but the last provision was not enforced and was soon recalled. In 1836–1838, it was the headquarters of Carlos Antonio Carrillo, a legally named but never de facto governor of California, whose jurisdiction was never recognized in the north; and, in 1845–1847, it was the actual capital.

The surface of these ways are greased (Tallow and whale oil were used as grease in sailing ship days). A pair of sliding ways is placed on top, under the hull, and a launch cradle with bow and stern poppets is erected on these sliding ways. The weight of the hull is then transferred from the build cribbing onto the launch cradle. Provision is made to hold the vessel in place and then release it at the appropriate moment in the launching ceremony, these are either a weak link designed to be cut at a signal or a mechanical trigger controlled by a switch from the ceremonial platform.

A special-effects- predominant ballroom sequence wasn't in the final version, where Gage Creed and his orchestra "run like tallow," in King's words. Garris' reason was that it slowed down the miniseries' pacing and wasn't as "close[] to the real world" as the other scenes. For the makeup of the woman in Room 217, thin shells of Saran Wrap were first glued on to certain areas of the actress' body via K-Y jelly. Then, "some really milky-looking flesh tones" were added over the wrap and purple tones under it, before thin latex was covered over the entire body with certain areas ripped off.

It is difficult to determine how much surfactants contribute to the overall toxicity of each formulation. Glyphosate formulations containing the surfactant polyethoxylated tallow amine (POEA) are sometimes used terrestrially, but are not approved for aquatic use in the US due to their toxicity to aquatic organisms. There have been multiple lawsuits against Monsanto asserting that exposure to glyphosate herbicides is carcinogenic and that the company did not adequately disclose the risk to consumers. In 2018 a California jury awarded $289 million in damages (later cut to $78 million on appeal) to a groundskeeper who argued that Monsanto failed to adequately warn consumers of cancer risks posed by the herbicides.

The lethal dose of different glyphosate-based formulations varies, especially with respect to the surfactants used. Formulations intended for terrestrial use that include the surfactant polyethoxylated tallow amine (POEA) can be more toxic than other formulations for aquatic species. Due to the variety in available formulations, including five different glyphosate salts and different combinations of inert ingredients, it is difficult to determine how much surfactants contribute to the overall toxicity of each formulation. Independent scientific reviews and regulatory agencies have regularly concluded that glyphosate-based herbicides do not lead to a significant risk for human or environmental health when the product label is properly followed.

Tower Wharf on the evening of Tuesday, 4 September 1666. On Sunday, 2 September 1666 the Great Fire of London broke out at one o'clock in the morning at a house on Pudding Lane in the southern part of the City. Fanned by a southeasterly wind the fire spread quickly among the timber and thatched-roof buildings, which were primed to ignite after an unusually hot and dry summer. The flames spread to the warehouses near the Tower of London within a couple of hours, packed full of flammable materials like tallow, wine, tar, and pitch. A fireball issued forth into the streets, fanned by the intense wind, which burned 300 houses over the next two hours.

William Hartnell was born to a middle-class family in Backbarrow, near Ulverston, England in 1798, and attended the College of Commerce in Bremen, Germany. He went to Chile in 1819 to work in the Santiago branch of John Begg & Co., a firm where his uncle, Edward Petty Hartnell, had helped him secure a job. With the waning of Spanish power in the region, the English trading company gradually expanded its commercial activities from Valparaiso (port of Santiago) to Callao (port of Lima, Peru) and other northern ports on the Pacific coast of South America. While in Lima, he met Hugh McCulloch, a Scottish merchant, who persuaded him to become partners in a rawhide and tallow trade in California.

Recent projects to enhance and restore the habitat at the refuge include control of invasive species like Chinese Tallow, prairie restoration, creation of moist soil areas, and a colonial waterbird rookery. Three other national wildlife refuges on the Texas coast - Brazoria, San Bernard and Big Boggy - form a vital complex of coastal wetlands harboring more than 300 bird species. Anahuac NWR is one of more than 560 refuges that comprise the U.S. National Wildlife Refuge System, a national network of lands and waters set aside for the benefit of wildlife. It has been designated as a site of international importanceAnahuac National Wildlife Refuge, WHSRN to shorebirds by the Western Hemisphere Shorebird Reserve Network (WHSRN).

The Times, 8 July 1799, Official Appointments and Notices Prisoners were not segregated and conditions in the small gaol were described as poor. In 1776 William Smith said it was a place where "riot, drunkenness, blasphemy and debauchery, echo from the walls, sickness and misery are confined within them". Another contemporary account said: > the mixture of scents that arose from mundungus, tobacco, foul feet, dirty > shirts, stinking breaths, and uncleanly carcases, poisoned our nostrils far > worse than a Southwark ditch, a tanner's yard, or a tallow-chandler's > melting-room. The ill-looking vermin, with long, rusty beards, swaddled up > in rags, and their heads—some covered with thrum-caps, and others thrust > into the tops of old stockings.

Arakwal National Park is a national park in New South Wales, Australia, 624 km north of Sydney and 2 km south of Cape Byron, the most easterly point of mainland Australia. The nearest town is Byron Bay. The park protects an area of Wallum country, of coastal clay heaths behind Tallow Beach, providing habitat to numerous bird species and two native frog species, the Wallum Froglet (Crinia tinnula) and Wallum Sedge Frog (Litoria olongburensis), both of which are deemed vulnerable to extinction. Traditionally the land of the Arakwal people, the park was proclaimed in 2001 after the Arakwal Indigenous community and the New South Wales state government reached a land use agreement.

A double-needle telegraph instrument of the type used on the Great Western Railway An experimental line, with a sixth return wire, was run between the Euston terminus and Camden Town station of the London and North Western Railway on 25 July 1837. The actual distance was only one and a half-mile (2.4 km), but spare wire had been inserted in the circuit to increase its length. It was late in the evening before the trial took place. Mr Cooke was in charge at Camden Town, while Mr Robert Stephenson and other gentlemen looked on; and Wheatstone sat at his instrument in a dingy little room, lit by a tallow candle, near the booking- office at Euston.

Among the cargo was tallow, candles, and dried beef, sought after commodities in the port. 19-year-old Black invested his share of the windfall in cargo to be sold in Sydney, and wrote to his father on 7 June 1798 "I have laid in a considerable investment for Port Jackson" (Sydney)", which I hope to turn to good account, and I expect to sail to- morrow night". It would have been easy for Captain Wilkinson of Indispensable to convince Black to invest in a trip to the port of Sydney. Indispensable had previously visited Sydney twice before: in May 1794 departing for Bengal in July 1794, and then in April 1796 when Wilkinson delivered 131 female convicts.

San Francisco in 1849. The first landing place on the north-eastern tip of the San Francisco peninsula was a rocky promontory below Telegraph Hill later known as Clarke's Point that jutted into the San Francisco Bay at the line of what is now Broadway and Battery Streets. Yerba Buena Cove swept inland from the subsequently named Clarke's Point to as far as Montgomery Street to the west, and further south and east to Rincon Point at the south of Market area at the foot of Folsom and Spear streets. The founding padres of Mission Dolores and the other northern California missions found the jetty at Clarke's Point a convenient landing for their commerce in hides and tallow.

Greer and Soto moved to an adobe on Rancho Cañada de Raymundo, which they called Greersburg, and made a business from lumber and tallow. Greer and Soto had three sons and two daughters. With the cession of California to the United States following the Mexican-American War, the 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo provided that the land grants would be honored. As required by the Land Act of 1851, a claim for Rancho Cañada de Raymundo was filed with the Public Land Commission in 1852,United States. District Court (California: Northern District) Land Case 75 ND. and the grant was patented in 1859 to María Luisa Soto Coppinger Greer and Manuela Coppinger.

Allanblackia floribunda, known in English as 'tallow tree', is a species of flowering plant in the family Clusiaceae that has been long used in traditional African medicine to treat hypertension. It is a common understory tree in rain-forests in western central Africa - from Sierra Leone to W Cameroons, and on into the DR Congo and Uganda. The medium-sized tree (up to 30 meters tall) is evergreen and dioecious (male and female flowers on different plants). The wood is said to be resistant to termites but is not particularly durable. It is fairly easy to work and finishes well but it is of little commercial importance though it has appeared on the market in Liberia as ‘lacewood’.

Connected with his father, Captain John Blake, in London (and, through Captain Blake, other merchants and botanists around the world), Bradby Blake was responsible for the introduction of a variety of Chinese plants into North America and the Caribbean. Captain John Blake and John Ellis were essential parts of Bradby Blake's botanical shipping operation. While Bradby Blake himself experimented with the best ways to grow, package, and transport seeds and specimens of tallow, turmeric, camellia and other southeast Asian plants, his London counterparts ensured that his shipments reached the broader world. The Americas were most often the destination, as the British saw the New World colonies as having the ideal climate to support valuable Asian plants.

The Oxnard plain was used for grazing herds of livestock which required thousands of acres. The traditional way of life of the Chumash people became increasingly unstable and unsustainable on the Oxnard Plain with the introduction of these animals. They also experienced further disruptive contacts through the increasing number of Europeans and Americans that visited the California coast looking for pelts from fur-bearing animals such as sea otters, and trade in hides and tallow beginning in the 1790s. The destruction wrought by the livestock and shortages of wild plants that they used for food may have made the missions appear to be the only viable alternative to a disintegrating way of life.

There does not appear to be a record for 1883, but by 1884 the property was improved with a sawn house and stables - likely to refer to Pioneer Cottage. Early in 1882 JK Burnett raised a mortgage of on the property, which may have been associated with the construction of the house. The house was built of local timbers - tallow wood (eucalyptus microcorys) for floor bearers, white beech (Gmelina leichhardtii) for floors, walls, and ceilings and red cedar (Toona australis) for joinery - thought to have been felled on the property or acquired from nearby, and pit-sawn and handcrafted to make boards. Bricks for steps and a fireplace were hand-made, probably from local clay.

Chipped beef, rice, tea, dried beans, dried fruit, saleratus (for raising bread), vinegar, pickles, mustard, and tallow might also be taken. Joseph Ware's 1849 guide recommends that travelers take for each individual a barrel of flour or 180 pounds of ship's biscuit (i.e., hardtack), 150–180 pounds of bacon, 60 pounds of beans or peas, 25 pounds of rice, 25 pounds of coffee, 40 pounds of sugar, a keg of lard, 30 or 40 pounds of dried fruit (peaches or apples), a keg of clear, rendered beef suet (to substitute for butter), as well as some vinegar, salt, and pepper. Many emigrant families also carried a small amount of tea and maple sugar.

Langlands and Fulton established their iron foundry in Flinders Streetwith in 1842 with only a small foot- lathe, but were still able to erect a steam engine for the first flour mill in Melbourne. They produced rack woolpresses for squatters, with Fulton having to cut screw threads by hand because their lathe was too small. Fulton developed a technique for boiling down sheep for tallow around 1843-44 when squatters slaughtered their otherwise worthless sheep in the thousands due to a rural depression. Fulton was located at 131 Flinders St West in about 1844 and entered partnership with George Annand and Robert Smith at 129 Flinders St West, between 1846–55, employing 150 men in 1858.

The word sebaceous, meaning "consisting of sebum", was first termed in 1728 and comes from the Latin for tallow. Sebaceous glands have been documented since at least 1746 by Jean Astruc, who defined them as "...the glands which separate the fat." He describes them in the oral cavity and on the head, eyelids, and ears, as "universally" acknowledged. Astruc describes them being blocked by "small animals" that are "implanted" in the excretory ducts and attributes their presence in the oral cavity to apthous ulcers, noting that "these glands naturally [secrete] a viscous humour, which puts on various colours and consistencies... in its natural state is very mild, balsamic, and intended to wet and lubricate the mouth".

The High Street area of the Upper Town has been developed around a London and North Western Railway interchange siding with a plateway which is an original feature of the site. Shops erected on the site include a chemist (with fittings from Bournemouth), butcher (from Ironbridge), grocer (replica of a building from Oakengates), and printer (with equipment from Kington, Herefordshire). Small crafts include an iron foundry, a shoeing smith, bootmaker, locksmith, decorative plasterer (with equipment from Burton upon Trent), builder, and sawmill. Premises in Quarry Bank include a tallow candle manufactory (from Madeley), a bakery (from Dawley), a physician's surgery (in a Sutherland Estate cottage from Donnington), and a Board School (from Stirchley).

The chemical tanker Ginga Falcon on the Columbia River Saudi chemical tanker of 1986 built Al Farabi, carrying molasses, in Brest. at sea A chemical tanker is a type of tanker ship designed to transport chemicals in bulk. As defined in MARPOL Annex II, chemical tanker means a ship constructed or adapted for carrying in bulk any liquid product listed in chapter 17 of the International Bulk Chemical Code.[MARPOL Annex II, Chapter I, Regulation 1] As well as industrial chemicals and clean petroleum products, such ships also often carry other types of sensitive cargo which require a high standard of tank cleaning, such as palm oil, vegetable oils, tallow, caustic soda, and methanol.

John Hogan was born on October 14, 1800 in Tallow, County Waterford, the third child of John Hogan, a carpenter and builder of Cove Street, Cork and Frances Cos, the great-granddaughter of Sir Richard Cox, Lord Chancellor of Ireland from 1703 to 1707. As the family felt that she had married beneath her station, she was disinherited.Strickland, Walter G., "John Hogan, Sculptor", A Dictionary of Irish Artists, 1913 At the age of fourteen, Hogan was placed as clerk to an attorney, where he spent much of his time carving figures in wood. After two years, he chose to be apprenticed to the architect Sir Thomas Deane, where his talents for drawing and carving were developed.

In Georgia, he created a successful cotton gin factory, in 1830, that quickly became the largest producer of cotton gins in the nation. One of his colleagues was Daniel Pratt, who later moved to Alabama and became an important industrial figure and the founder of Prattville, Alabama. Griswold's village, Griswoldville, was an industrial site/company town with a cotton gin plant, soap and tallow factory, candle factory, saw and grist mill, post office and non-denominational church. At the outbreak of the American Civil War, the Griswold cotton gin factory was leased to the Confederate government and retooled to make pistols and munitions at the behest of Georgia governor Joseph E. Brown.

The Queensland Legislative Council considered the resolution to present the Governor with a Bill to be introduced to the Legislative Council to impose an export duty on one halfpenny per pound on wool, one pound per ton on tallow, three pence each on hides and one halfpenny each of sheepskins. The Council was divided and the motion was not passed. In 1866, Septimus Nash Spong designed a wharf at St Lawrence. Spong received a Queensland Government post in 1861, as clerk of works in the Colonial Architect's Office where he replaced Joseph Sherwin. Spong later moved to Rockhampton where he practiced as an architect, building and land surveyor from 1865 until 1874.

In order to properly comprehend the nature of the current oil break point, the author begins his exposition with a historical study of the dominant energy sources before the oil age. He depicts, for instance, the displacement of one fuel source by another (i.e. tallow—spermaceti—kerosene as an illuminant; wood—coal—oil as a primary fuel) and demonstrates how the story of energy is inextricably linked with economic development and rising living standards. The author furthermore surveys the history of the oil industry itself from its inception, including the rise and breakup of Rockefeller’s Standard Oil, the curious origins of Saudi Aramco, and Winston Churchill’s fateful decision for the British Navy to switch from coal to oil.

They set about improving the land as stipulated in the grant and probably engaging in the hide and tallow trade. Nothing more is found about the Mexican land grant until shortly after 1845 when the two participated in the action that ousted the last non-California born governor for a Californio. Workman, as captain, and Rowland, as lieutenant, were involved February 1845 by leading a contingent of Californios assisting Pio Pico in assuming the governorship by force at a battle against Governor Manuel Micheltorena. If Rowland was trained in surveying it did not show with the presumably estimated measurement identified in the original petition of 1842 as actions in 1845 had the grant extended to .

Montanelli freely acknowledged his actions, recalling how "my non-commissioned officer bought her for me, along with a horse and a rifle, 500 lire in all. [...]. She was like a docile animal...". Montanelli detailed how "I needed a woman at that age... I struggled a lot to overcome her smell, due to the goat tallow with which her hair was soaked". He then went on to complain how he struggled "even more to accomplish a sexual relationship with her because she was infibulated since birth: which, in addition to opposing my desires with an almost insurmountable barrier (it needed the brutal intervention of her mother to demolish it), made her completely insensitive".

For the parliament of October 1553 Bowes was temporarily replaced by Sir Rowland Hill, a former Lord Mayor and a Protestant, making Broke the only Catholic MP from London. Despite this, and the momentous events of the summer, in which Dudley attempted to place Jane Grey on the throne and was defeated by a rebellion in favour of Mary, Edward's Catholic elder sister, the London delegation attended the parliament with an entirely commercial agenda. They toiled away at legislation to regulate London's physicians, chandlers in both wax and tallow, leather tanners and bowling alleys, as well as a measure to deregulate the sale of wine. However, the Crown took initial steps to undo the Edwardian Reformation.

Stratford returned to his Prescott estate in Gloucestershire and began to grow tobacco, raising some capital from Abraham Burrell, but Henry Somerscales as his main partner (Somerscales had learned in the Netherlands how to cultivate tobacco, and took responsibility for the sale of the matured crop). At the same time Stratford was engaged with his half-brother Ralph in soap-boiling in London, and dealt in tallow, potash, soap-ash, and oil. An appeal to the privy council in 1623 prompted their recommendation that his creditors forbear, for one year, later extended, to press for payment. He paid off some debts in sheep, and by growing flax at Winchcombe and Cockbury on 40 acres, employing 800 poor.

Along the second floor was a magnificent concert hall. Generally, the theatre had excellent acoustics. The stage wall was painted by Sequeira, but was later replaced in 1825 by paintings contracted to the Spaniard João Rodrigues, and later, Palucci. Until 1838, the theatre was lit by tallow candles, and later by similar candles lit by oil. On 11 April 1908, the Civil Governor nominated a commission to promote the construction of a new theatre. A competition opened on October 8, presided by engineer Basílio Alberto de Sousa Pinto, Xavier Esteves, Casimiro Jerónimo de Faria, architect José Marques da Silva and the director of public works, Isidro de Campos, whom immediately denounced the conditions of the tender.

During the 1980s, CSPI's campaign "Saturated Fat Attack" advocated the replacement of beef tallow, palm oil and coconut oil in processed foods and restaurant foods with fats containing less saturated fatty acids, CSPI assumed that trans fats were benign. In a 1986 book entitled "The Fast-Food Guide", it praised chains such as KFC that had converted to partially hydrogenated vegetable oils, which are lower in saturated fat but high in trans fat. As a result of this pressure, many restaurants such as McDonald's made the switch. After new scientific research in the early 1990s found that trans fat increased the risk of heart disease, CSPI began leading a successful two-decades-long effort to ban artificial trans fat.

Tooley Street on 23 June 1861 The fire started on 22 June 1861, at Cotton's Wharf on Tooley Street, near to St Olave's Church, Southwark, and was first noticed around 4p.m. Cotton's Wharf was around , and contained around 5,000 tons of rice, 10,000 barrels of tallow, 1,000 tons of hemp, 1,100 tons of jute, 3,000 tons of sugar and 18,000 bales of cotton at the time of the fire. and unsafe jute and hemp storage in Cotton's Wharf and nearby wharves helped spread the fire. The cause of the fire is believed to have been spontaneous combustion, and it has been suggested that someone smoking in the wharves may have started the fire.

In 1852 Francis Bigge commissioned John Petrie to erect a store at Cleveland, and by March 1853 exports were expected to commence next boiling season. In 1853 Bigge built accommodation for his employees – the building at the corner of Paxton and Shore Streets later used as a courthouse and now a restaurant (the heritage-listed Old Cleveland Court House). However, the October 1853 sinking of the Countess of Derby when crossing the South Passage on her way to collect a large quantity of wool and tallow from Messrs Robert Graham & Co was a blow to Cleveland. Then fire in January 1854 destroyed the brig Courier and virtually its entire cargo of 400 bales of wool.

Abbott's still makes Brayan's 1924 sauce base available to restaurants and the public through the Koegel Meat Company and Abbott's Meats. Restaurants then add chopped onions sautéed in beef tallow, along with their own spice mix and other ingredients, to Abbott's sauce base to make their sauce. Popular folklore perpetuates a legend that a Flint coney sauce recipe containing ground beef and ground hot dogs is the "original" Flint Coney sauce recipe. Variations on this story include either that a relative of the storyteller knew or worked with the former owner of Flint's Original and received the recipe from them, or that the wife of the owner of Flint's Original allowed the publication of the recipe in the Flint Journal after his death.

Drescher 1993, p. 349. Like their predecessors, the Wolfstür (Wolf's door) of the Aachen Cathedral and the Marktportal (Market Portal) of the Mainz Cathedral, the Bernward Doors were manufactured using the Lost-wax process, which puts exceptional demands on the workers of the casting workshop, since the mold can only be used once. The individual scenes of the doors were carved from massive wax or tallow tablets by modellers and then combined, supported by an iron frame, which is probably how the slight irregularities in the bands which divide the individual scenes came about. Even the doorknockers in the form of grotesque lion's heads with rings of grace in their mouths were included in the original mold rather than being soldered on later.

Ignacio Peralta was the owner of the Peralta Home in San Leandro, California, which was built on the southerly portion of Rancho San Antonio, the land grant his father received from Governor Pablo Vicente de Solá in 1820. Initially, he and his wife lived in a simple adobe house on the property, constructed in 1842 along San Leandro Creek, across from the home of José Joaquín Estudillo, where he raised cattle, as well as various grains. He supplied visiting ships with rawhide and tallow in return for what he wanted in goods like saddles, fabrics, and wines. Peralta's daughter María Antonia married W.P. Toler, an American soldier who is said to have been the person who raised the American flag at the Battle of Monterey.

Woolf has been the recipient of a large number of innovation / invention awards, including the Honeywell British Innovation Awards, Sunday Times British Invention of the Year, Carlton/NatWest British Enterprise Awards, Brussels Eureka, 50th Anniversary UNESCO Award for Innovation, Medaille du Ministére de l'Intèrieur de France, 4 x Gold INPEX awards (USA), Ordnance Survey/British Cartographic Society Award for Mapping Innovation & Design, 1st World Innovation Olympics, Millennium Product Status Award, Lord Mayor of London's "Best of the Best" Award. He was also awarded the Gold award from the Worshipful Company of Tallow Chandlers. Woolf has recently been working on some new inventions, namely Stackbuster (working title) and Morpher (a folding bicycle helmet). These have both won significant awards in the UK and in Belgium.

The Mission Indians were restricted to the mission grounds where they lived in sexually segregated "barracks" that they built themselves with padre instruction. The population of all California missions plunged steeply as new diseases ravaged the Mission Indian populations—they had almost no immunity to these "new to them" diseases, and death rates over 50% were not uncommon.Mission Indian life accessed 15 Jul 2013 The Livermore-Amador Valley after 1800 to about 1837 was primarily used as grazing land for some of the Mission San Jose's growing herds of mission cattle, sheep and horses. The herds grew wild with no fences and were culled about once a year for cow hides and tallow—essentially the only money-making products produced in California then.

Once the war ended, the United States Congress cut funding for the program; in response, the Office of Naval Research created a grant for the project to continue at SRI, and the USDA staff on the project worked through SRI until Congress reauthorized funding in 1947. SRI's first economic study was for the United States Air Force. In 1947, the Air Force wanted to determine the expansion potential of the U.S. aircraft industry; SRI found that it would take too long to escalate production in an emergency.Gibson, SRI: The Founding Years, p. 108 In 1948, SRI began research and consultation with Chevron Corporation to develop an artificial substitute for tallow and coconut oil in soap production; SRI's investigation confirmed the potential of dodecylbenzene as a suitable replacement.

In 1857, the regiment had been stationed in Meerut for three years, forming part of the Meerut Division under Major General William Hewitt. The East India Company planned to supply its locally recruited "Native" regiments with the Pattern 1853 Enfield rifle during that year, accompanied by a new type of ammunition that came in the form of a greased paper cartridge. The standard drill (or formal procedure) for loading this ammunition required the user to bite the paper cartridge to open it. Rumours began to circulate within the Bengal Presidency that the grease for the cartridges was made from a mix of lard from pigs and tallow from cows, and was therefore offensive to both Hindu and Muslim sepoy alike.

A keeper was paid 20 shillings a year to keep a tallow candle alight in each tower every night for a certain number of hours either side of high tide. To fund the provision and maintenance of these lights the Guild was empowered to levy dues on every ship entering the port (initially 2d per English vessel and 4d per foreign vessel). In 1608 a further ordinance was issued by James I requiring Newcastle's Trinity House to maintain a pair of lighthouses at North Shields. The towers were increased in height at around this time; they are depicted on Ralph Gardner's map of 1655, still with their battlements (they were built with a defensive as well as a navigational purpose in mind).

In St. Louis, Meachum met white Baptist missionary John Mason Peck. With Peck, he started the African Church of St. Louis (later renamed as the First Baptist Church of St. Louis). It was the first black church in the state. Meachum taught religious and secular classes there to both free and enslaved black students. After he was ordained in 1825, Meachum constructed a separate building at the same location for his church and school, which he called "The Candle Tallow School."Tim 0'Neil, "First Black Minister Founds Church, Buys Freedom for Slaves"], St. Louis Post Dispatch, April 26, 2014 The school, which charged a dollar per person in tuition for those who could afford to pay, attracted 300 pupils.

While officers normally wore their own hair short under a powdered wig, the rank and file of the infantry was not afforded such luxury. Instead of wigs, the men grew their hair long and according to the prevailing fashion in a nation's army, hair was either allowed to grow long with simple modeling, as in the French army of the 1740s, or else was elaborately coiffured as in Prussian and British armies. In the case of British soldiers of the 1740s, contemporary artwork suggests that they cut their hair short, which was not the case. Instead, the men used tallow or other fat to grease the hair, which was then fashioned into pigtails and tied back into the scalp hair to give the impression of short hair.

The sepoys were also disillusioned by their low salaries and the racial discrimination practised by British officers in matters of promotion and privileges. The indifference of the British towards leading native Indian rulers such as the Mughals and ex- Peshwas and the annexation of Oudh were political factors triggering dissent amongst Indians. The Marquess of Dalhousie's policy of annexation, the doctrine of lapse (or escheat) applied by the British, and the projected removal of the descendants of the Great Mughal from their ancestral palace at Red Fort to the Qutb Minar (near Delhi) also angered some people. The final spark was provided by the rumoured use of tallow (from cows) and lard (pig fat) in the newly introduced Pattern 1853 Enfield rifle cartridges.

Two Danish philologists have expressed doubts about the authorship of the fairy tale. They argue that the tale is too close in form to the models used in the Latinate schools of the time for it to be likely to be an original composition, and they have also expressed disbelief in the use of the word formfuldendt ("flawless") which does not otherwise appear in texts until much later. Since the manuscript is difficult to read there is a possibility that what is written is in fact another word. Christian Graugaard, a Danish poet and professor of sexology, has analyzed the tale as a covert autoerotic tale, in which the candle symbolizes the phallus and the melting tallow the semen in an ejaculation.

Various biodiesel schemes exist at present, and as with most renewables, interest is growing in the subject. Westray Development Trust operate a biodiesel vehicle fuelled by the residual vegetable oils from the Orkney archipelago fish and chip outlets. On a larger scale Argent Energy's plant in Motherwell recycles tallow and used cooking oil to produce of biodiesel per annum. A major benefit of biodiesel is lower carbon emissions, although the energy balance of liquid biofuels is a matter of controversy.See for example David Pimentel and Tad Patzek (2005) "Ethanol Production Using Corn, Switchgrass, and Wood; Biodiesel Production Using Soybean and Sunflower" Natural Resources Research, Vol. 14, No. 1 and "Root for ethanol now" - American Coalition for Ethanol Science Journal (January 2006).

This greater part of the entire meat industry is primarily focused on producing meat for human consumption, but it also yields a variety of by-products including hides, feathers, dried blood, and, through the process of rendering, fat such as tallow and protein meals such as meat & bone meal. In the United States and some other countries, the facility where the meat packing is done is called a slaughterhouse, packinghouse or a meat packing plant; in New Zealand, where most of the products are exported, it is called a freezing works. An abattoir is a place where animals are slaughtered for food. Pork packing in Cincinnati, 1873 The meat packing industry grew with the construction of the railroads and methods of refrigeration for meat preservation.

For example, she crossed from New York to Liverpool in 13 days, 19½ hours, and she sailed in 24 hours, doing 18 to 18½ knots. In 1854–55, she made the passage from Melbourne to Liverpool in 65 days, completing a circumnavigation of the world in 5 months, 9 days, which included 20 days spent in port. Lightning did a brief stint as a troop ship, taking British soldiers to India to fight the 1857 Indian Mutiny. Lightning on fire At around 01:00 on 30 October 1869, Lightning caught fire at Geelong in Australia, when she was fully loaded and ready to sail with 4,300 bales of wool, 200 tons of copper, 35 casks of wine, and some tallow.

The grease used included tallow supplied by the Indian firm of Gangadarh Banerji & Co. By January, rumours were abroad that the Enfield cartridges were greased with animal fat. Company officers became aware of the rumours through reports of an altercation between a high-caste sepoy and a low-caste labourer at Dum Dum. The labourer had taunted the sepoy that by biting the cartridge, he had himself lost caste, although at this time such cartridges had been issued only at Meerut and not at Dum Dum. There had been rumours that the British sought to destroy the religions of the Indian people, and forcing the native soldiers to break their sacred code would have certainly added to this rumour, as it apparently did.

Even before Mexico gained control of Alta California in 1821, the onerous Spanish rules in effect from 1770 to 1821 against trading with foreigners began to break down as the declining Spanish fleet couldn't enforce their no trading policies. The Californios, with essentially no industries or manufacturing capabilities, were eager to trade for new commodities, glass, hinges, nails, finished goods, luxury goods and other merchandise. The Mexican government abolished the no trade with foreign ships policy and soon regular trading trips were being made. The main products of these California Ranchos were cow hides (called California greenbacks), tallow (rendered fat for making candles and soap) and California/Texas longhorn cattle horns that were traded for other finished goods and merchandise.

Horns were used to make a large number of items in this time period. (The eBook of Two Years Before the Mast is available at Gutenberg project.) A large part of the Californio diet was beef, but since there was no easy way to preserve it most of the time another animal was killed when fresh meat was needed as when visitors showed up—the hides and tallow could be salvaged and very little was lost. The market for beef dramatically changed with the onset of the Gold Rush, as thousands of miners, businessmen and other fortune seekers flooded into northern California. These newcomers needed meat, and cattle prices soared from the $1.00 to $2.00 per hide to $30.00-$50.00 per cow.

For these few rancho owners and families, this was California's Golden Age; for the vast majority it was not golden. Much of the agriculture, vineyards, and orchards established by the Missions were allowed to deteriorate as the rapidly declining Mission Indian population required less food, and the Missionaries and soldiers supporting the Missions disappeared. The new Ranchos and slowly increasing Pueblos mostly only grew enough food to eat and to trade with the occasional trading ship or whaler that put into a California port to trade, get fresh water, replenish their firewood and obtain fresh vegetables. The main products of these ranchos were cattle hides (called California greenbacks) and tallow (rendered fat for making candles and soap) that were traded for other finished goods and merchandise.

The same thing happens the next night, after the youngest daughter pays the troll princess with the gold carding-combs. During the girl's attempts to wake the prince, her weeping and calling to him is overheard by some imprisoned townspeople in the castle, who tell the prince of it. On the third night, in return for the golden spinning wheel, the troll princess brings the drink, but the prince does not drink it, and so is awake for the youngest daughter's visit. The prince tells her how she can save him: He will declare that he will marry anyone who can wash the tallow drops from his shirt since trolls, such as his stepmother and her daughter, the troll princess, cannot do it.

The city is maintained as the commercial centre of Oltenia; it was exporting to Austria and Turkey cereal, skins, wax, animals, tallow and cervices. As a follow-up of the permanent high demands of export, at Craiova was established, in 1846, the first Romanian society on share holds for cereal transport by ship on the Danube, to Brăila. Around 1860 in Craiova there were 4633 buildings, of which 3220 were houses, 26 churches, 11 schools, 60 factories - workshops. There were also approximately 90 establishments with an industrial character, of which: 12 wind mills, 3 beer factories, 2 gas and oil factories, 4 tanneries, 2 printings. Statistics show that there was, at Craiova, a percent of 57,7% of the total number of craftsmen from the Dolj County (1088 craftsmen, 687 journeymen and 485 apprentices).

The improvements in potato freezing technology made by J.R. Simplot of Idaho City in 1953, made the large scale production of French fries possible. Before the potatoes were frozen, however, they had still lost some of their flavor during frying, but new processes such as a further improved Simplot invention avoided this inconvenience by 1967, largely thanks to the use of a mixture of cow tallow and soybean oil. This allowed Simplot and McDonald's founder Ray Kroc to collaborate, resulting in ready-peeled potatoes from Simplot's farms being delivered directly to McDonald's kitchens, where they were fried and served to customers. Initially, however, there were safety concerns raised over some fries and the kitchens in which they were prepared, leading some companies, such as White Castle, to remove them from their menus during the 1950s.

George Wilcox (3 October 1838 – 5 September 1917) was born in St Neots, Huntingdonshire, England, a son of master tailor and draper Joseph Wilcox, sen. He emigrated to South Australia, travelling to Melbourne by steamer SS Great Britain then arriving by coaster Admella in Adelaide in early 1859; his brother Joseph had emigrated in 1856 to join William Barker as a business partner. Soon after arriving, George opened a drapery and general store in Gawler as J. & G. Wilcox 1862–1872 with his father Joseph Wilcox handling the London end of the business. He also dealt in honey, beeswax, gum, bark, tallow and, later, wool. Joseph Wilcox, William Barker and George Wilcox traded in Gawler as Wilcox, Barker and Wilcox 1861–1862 then as J & G Wilcox 1862–1872.

It is not clear what species the trees are, although branch pattern on some suggests Norfolk Island pines, others could be Bunya pines (A.bidwillii). A large specimen of what appears to be the tree bird-of-paradise flower (Strelitizia nicolae) with its white and blue flowers and large banana-like leaves is on one corner of this walk.Stuart Read, interpreting 1913 photos in 'Home & Garden Beautiful, 1913, xii, 147, 151 Trees include Bunya Bunya pine (several) (Araucaria bidwillii), jelly palm (Butia capitata, spotted gum (Corymbia maculata), golden Monterey cypress (Cupressus macrocarpa "Aurea"), tree ferns (Cyathea sp.), fig (Ficus sp.), jacaranda (Jacaranda mimosifolia), Canary Island date palm (Phoenix canariensis), golden willow (Salix vitellina "Aurea"), Chinese tallow tree (Sapium sabiferum) and desert fan palm tree (Washingtonia robusta). Shrubs include bottlebrush (Callistemon sp.

Engelhardt 1922, p. 114 Nine other settlements quickly followed, with six more in 1835; San Buenaventura and Mission San Francisco de Asís were among the last to have their land taken away, in June and December 1836, respectively.Yenne, pp. 83, 93 The ruins of Mission Nuestra Señora de la Soledad circa 1900. In 1838, Mission San Juan Capistrano property was auctioned off under questionable circumstances for $710 worth of tallow and hides, (equivalent to $15,000 in 2004 U.S dollars) to Englishman John (Don Juan) Forster (Governor Pío Pico's brother-in-law, whose family would take up residence in the friars' quarters for the next 20 years) and his partner James McKinley.Engelhardt 1922, p. 157 More families would subsequently take up residence in other portions of the Mission buildings.

The Boundary Survey of 1825–44, associated with Griffith's Valuation and the Ordnance Survey of Ireland, set down the names and denominations of subdivisions of land. Griffith often erected a contiguous block of townparks into a single townland named "Town Parks" or "Town Parks of [name of town]". The 1901 townland index recorded such townlands by the following towns: Ballycastle, Larne, Ballymena, Antrim, Ballymoney, Ballyhaise, Cavan, Cloyne, Midleton, Lifford, Ballyshannon, Newtownards, Skerries (Holmpatrick civil parish), Swords, Ballinasloe, Galway, Portumna, Castledermot, Athy, Birr, Daingean (then Philipstown), Carrick on Shannon, Longford, Newtown Forbes, Ardee, Dundalk, Navan, Athboy, Kells, Borris-in-Ossory, Mountmellick, Roscrea, Carrick-on-Suir, Cahir, Lismore, Delvin, Wexford, Lismore, Tallow, Tuam, Donaghadee, and Killeshandra. There were also "Town Fields" (Borrisokane), "Town Lands" (Clonakilty), "Town Lot" (Tipperary), "Town Lots" (Bantry), and "Townplots" (Kinsale and Killala).

A knacker (), knackerman or knacker man, is a job title used for the centuries-old trade of persons responsible in a certain district for the removal and clearing of animal carcasses (dead, dying, injured) from private farms or public highways and rendering the collected carcasses into by-products such as fats, tallow (yellow grease), glue, gelatin, bone meal, bone char, sal ammoniac, soap, bleach and animal feed. A knacker's yard or a knackery is different from a slaughterhouse or abattoir, where animals are slaughtered for human consumption. Since the Middle Ages, the age-old occupation of "knacker man" was frequently considered a disreputable occupation, and subsidiary to their occupation were often also commissioned by the courts as public executioners. In most countries, knackery premises are government licensed and regulated by law.

In "The Deluge" she is well known for her beauty, enough to make Bogusław Radziwiłł plan to abduct her. > He was confused also because there looked upon him from under a marten-skin > hood eyes such as he had never seen in his life,—black, satinlike, liquid, > full of life and fire,— near which the eyes of Anusia Borzobogata would be > as a tallow candle before a torch. Above those eyes dark velvety brows were > defined in two delicate arches; her blushing face bloomed like the most > beautiful flower, and through her slightly opened lips of raspberry hue were > seen teeth like pearls, and from under her hood flowed out rich dark > tresses.Sienkiewicz, H. & Curtin J., With Fire and Sword , Chapter 3 While escaping from Bohun's pursuit, she was forced to having her braids cut in order to disguise as a man.

One man shows off his yellow haddock with a candle stuck in a bundle of firewood; his neighbour makes his candlestick of a huge turnip, and the tallow gutters over its sides; while the boy shouting 'Eight a penny pears!' has rolled his dip in a thick coat of brown paper, that flares away with the candle. Some stalls are crimson with a fire shining through the holes beneath the baked chestnut stove. Others have handsome octahedral lamps; while a few have a candle shining through a sieve. These, with the sparkling ground-glass of the tea-dealers' shops, and the butchers' gas-lights streaming and fluttering in the wind like flags of flame, pour forth such a flood of light, that at a distance the atmosphere immediately above the spot is as lurid as if the street was on fire.

For redness of the NOSE, ARMS, or other part, and in short for every train and species of EVIL to which the Skin is liable, whether vivid and INFLAMED, or LANGUID and OBDURATE.John Strachan, "For The Ladies" History Today (2004) 54#4 pp 21-26 In the early 19th century, Edinburgh businessman and civic leader Nahum Ward purchased farmlands near Marietta, Ohio on the American frontier and resold them to farmers in Scotland. Advertise heavily using magazine hands and broadsides In small towns, extolling the high productivity, and low-cost of the fresh lands. Throughout the century and into the early 20th century, American, Canadian, Australian and New Zealand railroads and land agents advertised heavily across Britain.David B. Baker, "Nahum Ward to Scottish Farmers: Have I Got a Deal for You," Tallow Light (Winter 2015) 45#3/4, pp 90-92.

An early medieval writer Theophilus Presbyter, believed to be the Benedictine monk and metalworker Roger of Helmarshausen, wrote a treatise in the early-to-mid-12th century that includes original work and copied information from other sources, such as the Mappae clavicula and Eraclius, De dolorous et artibus Romanorum. It provides step-by-step procedures for making various articles, some by lost- wax casting: "The Copper Wind Chest and Its Conductor" (Chapter 84); "Tin Cruets" (Chapter 88), and "Casting Bells" (Chapter 85), which call for using "tallow" instead of wax; and "The Cast Censer". In Chapters 86 and 87 Theophilus details how to divide the wax into differing ratios before moulding and casting to achieve accurately tuned small musical bells. The 16th-century Florentine sculptor Benvenuto Cellini may have used Theophilus' writings when he cast his bronze Perseus with the Head of Medusa.

Bettey, p.111 In the 18th century Blandford was one of several lace-making centres in the county; Daniel Defoe stated that lace made in the town was "the finest bonelace in England... I think I never saw better in Flanders, France or Italy".Bettey, p.76 In the 17th and 18th centuries Blandford was also a malting and brewing centre of some significance.Bettey, p.81 Plan showing the extent of damage of the 1731 fire; the properties shaded black were destroyed, those shaded yellow survived. Almost all of Blandford's buildings were destroyed on 4 June 1731 by the "great fire", which was the last of several serious fires that occurred in the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries. The fire began in a tallow chandler's workshop on a site that is now The King's Arms public house.

It was named after William D. M. Howard, Leading Merchant of Yerba Buena, a native of Boston who came to California in 1839 as a cabin boy on the sailing ship California. For several years he was supercargo on Boston ships trading up and down the Pacific coast, and as such agent in charge of the collection of hides and tallow. In 1845 he and Henry Mellus formed the firm of Mellus & Howard. This firm had the most active commercial business in San Francisco in the years when the settlement was known as Yerba Buena, and in 1846 bought the property of the Hudson’s Bay Company. Howard was one of the town’s most public spirited and prosperous men and was known as the first citizen of San Francisco in the years just before the gold rush.

A Native American woman described the process used by the Cherokee Indians when extracting the dye: > We raised our indigo which we cut in the morning while the dew was still on > it; then we put it in a tub and soaked it overnight, and the next day we > foamed it up by beating it with a gourd. We let it stand overnight again, > and the next day rubbed tallow on our hands to kill the foam. Afterwards, we > poured the water off, and the sediment left in the bottom we would pour into > a pitcher or crock to let it get dry, and then we would put it into a poke > made of cloth (i.e. sack made of coarse cloth) and then when we wanted any > of it to dye [there]with, we would take the dry indigo.

The term may also be used more broadly as a synonym of lipid -- any substance of biological relevance, composed of carbon, hydrogen, or oxygen, that is insoluble in water but soluble in non-polar solvents. In this sense, besides the triglycerides, the term would include several other types of compounds like mono- and diglycerides, phospholipids (such as lecithin), sterols (such as cholesterol), waxes (such as beeswax), and free fatty acids, which are usually present in human diet in smaller amounts. Fats are one of the three main macronutrient groups in human diet, along with carbohydrates and proteins, and the main components of common food products like milk, butter, tallow, lard, bacon, and cooking oils. They are a major and dense source of food energy for many animals and play important structural and metabolic functions, in most living beings, including energy storage, waterproofing, and thermal insulation.

The four monitors would form the starboard column of ships, closest to Fort Morgan, with Chickasaw in the rear, while the wooden ships formed a separate column to port. The eastern side of the channel closest to Fort Morgan was free of obstacles, but "torpedoes", as mines were called at the time, were known to be present west of a prominent black buoy in the channel.Friend, pp. 158, 178 The two Milwaukee-class ships bombarded Fort Morgan for about an hour and a half while the wooden ships passed through the mouth of Mobile Bay. Chickasaw fired 75 rounds at the fort beginning at 07:10; the return fire badly damaged her funnel so that the crew was forced to use tallow and coal tar to generate enough steam to keep the ship in the fight. She engaged the Tennessee two hours later until the ironclad surrendered at 10:40.

The leather valve along the top of the pipe tended to dry out and air could then leak in, but this was mitigated slightly by the passing trains spraying water on the leather. The harsh environment of the line, which runs adjacent to the sea for much of its length and is often soaked with salt spray, presented difficulties in maintaining the leather flaps provided to seal the vacuum pipes, which had to be kept supple by being greased with tallow; even so, air leaked in, reducing the pressure difference. Many trains arrived at Exeter from the Bristol and Exeter Railway very late. Because the South Devon line was only equipped with a telegraph that linked the stations, the engines had to start pumping for when the timetable said that the trains were due to enter their section and then keep pumping until the train eventually passed.

The summer of 1846 was exceptionally hot and dry, and serious difficulties with the traction pipe flap valve started to show themselves. It was essential to make a good seal when the leather flap was closed, and the weather conditions made the leather stiff. As for the tallow and beeswax compound that was supposed to seal the joint after every train, Samuda had originally said "this composition is solid at the temperature of the atmosphere, and becomes fluid when heated a few degrees above it" and the hot weather had that effect. Samuda's original description of his system had included a metal weather valve that closed over the flap, but this had been omitted on the L&CR;, exposing the valve to the weather, and also encouraging the ingestion of debris, including, an observer reported, a handkerchief dropped by a lady on to the track.

The lack of the treasures and natural resources that the Spanish valued (such as gold and silver) for their economy and the constant raids from the local Mapuche made Chile a highly undesirable place. As a result, during the colonial era Chile was a poor and problematic province of the Viceroyalty of Peru, and it took a while before settlers would begin to find the other natural resources of the lands. In order to protect themselves from further attacks and full- scale revolts (such as the Arauco War), and retain official control of the lands, the Viceroyalty of Peru had to finance the defence of Chile by constructing extensive forts such as the Valdivian fort system. In order to prevent other European nations from making colonies in these sparsely- populated areas, the trade of Chile became restricted to directly providing supplies, such as tallow, leather, and wine, to Peru.

The harbor adjoins the main city, with the port currently comprising three terminals. Terminal I contains a total of 1180 meters of quay, with six berthing positions for cargo, passengers, and fishing boats. Terminal II contains 986 meters of quays with six berthing positions, and includes specialized facilities for handling and storing sugar, fish, tallow, and caustic soda. In particular, the Bulk Sugar Terminal (operated by the Mauritius Sugar Terminal Corporation) can handle vessels with up to 11 meters of draft, can load sugar at a rate of 1450 tons per hour, and can store 175,000 tons of cargo. Also present in Terminal II is a dedicated 124-meter cruise ship jetty, with a dredged depth of 10.8 metres. Terminal III has two 280-meter quays with a depth of 14 meters, and is specialized for handling container ships, having three super-post-Panamax and five post-Panamax gantry cranes.

Juan Alvires was alcalde of San Jose from 1812-1813, alcalde of Monterey in 1826, and alcalde of San Jose, again, in 1837. The four square league Rancho Laguna Seca was granted to Juan Alvires in 1834. As a result of financial difficulties, Rancho Laguna Seca was sold to William Fisher in 1845. William Gulnac, grantee of Rancho Campo de los Franceses and Fisher's brother-in-law, acted as Fisher's agent.Fisher Ranch House, Coyote Creek Park William Fisher (1810-1850) was born in England and settled in Massachusetts. In 1830 he left as mate on a vessel bound for the West Coast with a load of hides and tallow. He married Liberata Ceseña (1818 - 1905) in 1834 and continued his trading business in Baja California. In 1846 he decided to return, with his family, to Alta California and establish his home in the Pueblo of San José.

Sepoys throughout India were issued with a new rifle, the Pattern 1853 Enfield rifled musket—a more powerful and accurate weapon than the old but smoothbore Brown Bess they had been using for the previous decades. The rifling inside the musket barrel ensured accuracy at much greater distances than was possible with old muskets. One thing did not change in this new weapon — the loading process, which did not improve significantly until the introduction of breech loaders and metallic, one-piece cartridges a few decades later. To load both the old musket and the new rifle, soldiers had to bite the cartridge open and pour the gunpowder it contained into the rifle's muzzle, then stuff the paper cartridge (overlaid with a thin mixture of beeswax and mutton tallow for waterproofing) into the musket as wadding, the ball being secured to the top of the cartridge and guided into place for ramming down the muzzle.

The first owner of a ranch in Manga was Esteban Artigas (Son of the captain Juan Antonio Artigas), ceded by The Government of Spain. In the Register Aldecoa, from 1772-1773, he's figured as living with his six under-age children in The Manga, then known as "Pago del Arroyo de Sierra" (Zone of the brook of Mountain Range), known by that name because of a neighbour's surname of the zone. The farm "Mangafue"-it was called that way- was passing along years by different owners, one of them, Marcos Drapple, who, in February 1834, was offerin for sale to a Salting House called "Los Dos Hermanos" (The Two Brothers), located 3 ½ miles from Montevideo. The edification consisted of two buildings, one of sixteen rooms, a store, a slaughter, a "barn raised" for storing hides, tallow, wool and grains, and a large warehouse with eaves to desalinate; the other one with a wooden trellis to stack the meat, with four doors of ventilation and a stable.

Home Office Report – Micklefield Colliery Explosion, 1896, p.4 Despite seven fatal accidents in nineteen years, Peckfield was considered by miners to be a safe mine.The Leeds Times, Deadly Damp, Saturday 2 May 1896 Ventilation was drawn through the seams by a Waddle fan at the top of the Upcast shaft, and had removed the eleven instances of small escapes of gas since 1891.Home Office Report – Micklefield Colliery Explosion, 1896, p.10 Men worked with picks by the light of tallow candles, whilst the undermanager and five deputies carried safety lamps.Home Office Report – Micklefield Colliery Explosion, 1896, p.4 The Downcast shaft was used to transport coal, supplies, and men, and only went to the Beeston Bed, a depth of 175 yards from the surface. The Upcast shaft was used to transport men and was sunk to both the Beeston and Black Bed, the latter being at a depth of 240 yards from the surface.Home Office Report – Micklefield Colliery Explosion, 1896, p.

Meanwhile, the book cuts occasionally to the perspective of the former owner of the guns, a man referred to as The Hunter, a high-functioning schizophrenic who perceives New York both in its modern appearance and as it appeared before the arrival of settlers. As Tallow works on the case he begins to understand the 'trophy room' has some greater meaning to The Hunter, discovering that the guns have a connection to the people who they killed, either a reference to the make or use of the gun or even puns. He believes the guns are selected for some higher purpose, that understanding the pattern and the purpose of the construction will help him discover the killer. Eventually he unravels a conspiracy that ties a banker, the Assistant Chief of Police, and the CEO of a private security company to the mysterious killer, using him as a hitman for their own personal gain.

Livermore, after he got his rancho in 1839, was as interested in viticulture and horticulture as he was in cattle and horses, despite the fact that about the only source of income was the sale of cow hides and tallow. In the early 1840s he moved his family to the Livermore valley to his new rancho as the second non-Indian family to settle in the Livermore valley area, and after building a home he was the first in the area in 1846 to direct the planting of vineyards and orchards of pears and olives. Typical of most early rancho dwellings, the first building on his ranch was an adobe on Las Positas Creek near the western end of today's Las Positas Road. After the Americans took control of California in 1847 and gold was discovered in 1848, he started making money by selling California longhorn cattle to the thousands of hungry California Gold Rush miners who soon arrived.

This led to a significant expansion in Ayr's tourist industry due to its attractive, sandy beach and links to Robert Burns. In 1857 a line was built from Dalmellington to export iron from Waterside and a new station was built to replace the old station called "Ayr Townhead Station". In 1877 a line was built between Newton and Mauchline for the export of coal. By 1851 Ayr's population was 21,000 and by 1855 between 60,000 and 70,000 tonnes of coal were being exported to Ireland from Ayr's Harbour each year, with imports of hide and tallow coming into the harbour from South America and beef, butter, barley, yarn and linen being imported into the harbour from Ireland. In 1854, 84,330 tonnes of goods were exported from the town and 36,760 tonnes were imported into the town. Other prominent industries in Ayr at this time included fishing, tanning and shoemaking, with several sawmills, woollen mills and carpet weavers located in the town as well.

The school was founded by a 1557 legacy in the will of Sir John Port of Etwall, leaving funds for a grammar school at Etwall or Repton, conditional on the students praying daily for the souls of his family. The social mix of the early school was very broad. Among the first twenty-two names on the register of Repton there are five gentlemen, four husbandmen, nine yeomen, two websters, or weavers, a carpenter and a tanner. During the 17th century the school educated the sons of the first Earls of Chesterfield and of Ardglass and Thomas Cromwell, John Aungier, a son of the Treasurer of Gray's Inn, who was reputed to be "very learned and wealthy" but also son of the local blacksmith who went on to be Master of Ashby-de-la-Zouche Grammar School, a farmer's son who become Professor of Physics at Gresham College and the son of a poor tallow chandler, Richard Neile, who became Archbishop of York.

Here, and in the shops immediately adjoining, the working-classes generally purchase their Sunday's dinner; and after pay-time on Saturday night, or early on Sunday morning, the New-cut, and the Brill in particular, is almost impassable. Indeed, the scene in these parts has more of the character of a fair than a market. There are hundreds of stalls, and every stall has its one or two lights; either it is illuminated by the intense white light of the new self- generating gas-lamp, or else it is brightened up by the red smoky flame of the old-fashioned grease lamp. One man shows off his yellow haddock with a candle stuck in a bundle of firewood ; his neighbour makes a candlestick of a huge turnip, and the tallow gutters over its sides; whilst the boy shouting "Eight a penny, stunning pears!" has rolled his dip in a thick coat of brown paper, that flares away with the candle.

Since its debut in 1995, Bernd Blossey and Rolf Nötzold's paper, "Evolution of increased competitive ability in invasive nonindigenous plants: a hypothesis" has been met with varying degrees of enthusiasm. The paper has been cited in over 368 articles in scientific journals, including review articles, tests of the hypothesis using different model species, and expansions and reformulations of the hypothesis. Among the model species on which the hypothesis has been evaluated most recently (in its original form) are Solidago gigantea (giant goldenrod),Altered patterns of growth, physiology and reproduction in invasive genotypes of Solidago gigantea (Asteraceae) Sapium sebiferum (Chinese Tallow),Increased competitive ability and herbivory tolerance in the invasive plant Sapium sebiferum and Lepidium draba (whitetop).No difference in competitive ability between invasive North American and native European Lepidium draba populations Of these three model species, the success and behavior of Sapium sebifurum agreed most closely with the postulates of the EICA Hypothesis, according to the researches conducting the study.

In about 1263 he acquired a moiety of the manor of Alcester in Warwickshire which he held from Reynold FitzPeter by the tenure of "doing the foreign service of ½ knight's fee". In about 1274 he confirmed to his free burgesses and tenants their ancient right to hold a weekly market on a Tuesday, and also granted them a weekly market on a Thursday, allowing the sale of animals, flesh, wheat, rye, barley, oats, beans, pease, woollen and linen drapery, bread, iron goods, tallow, grease, fish, leather goods, baskets, hides, wool, linen, geese, hens, cheese, bacon, eggs, salt and spices.VCH Worcestershire, re Alcester In 1291 he received royal licence to cultivate 60 acres of his wood in Alcester within the forest of Feckenham and in 1300 he was granted by the king free warren in his demesne lands of Alcester. In 1292 he obtained a royal grant for an annual fair "on the eve, day and morrow of St. Giles and for five days following".

C.J. Majendie, Royal Artillery, London, 1872 of black powder, and the ball was typically a Boxer modification of the Pritchett or a Burton-Minié, which would be driven out at about 850 to 900 feet (259–274m) per second. The original Pritchett design was modified by Col. Boxer, who reduced the diameter to 0.55 after troops found the original 0.568 too hard to load during the Indian Mutiny, changing the mixed beeswax- tallow lubrication to pure beeswax for the same reason, and added a clay plug to the base to facilitate expansion, as the original Pritchett design, which relied only on the explosion of the charge, was found to cause excessive fouling from too slow an expansion, allowing unburnt powder to escape around the bullet.pg.9-11, Arms and Ammunition of the British Service; Maj. C.J. Majendie, Royal Artillery, London, 1872 The Enfield's adjustable ladder rear sight had steps for the default or “battle sight” range , , and .

The fire was fed not merely by wood, fabrics, and thatch, Hanson points out, but also by the oil, pitch, tar, coal, tallow, fats, sugar, alcohol, turpentine, and gunpowder stored in the riverside district. It melted the imported steel lying along the wharves and the great iron chains and locks on the City gates. Hanson appeals to common sense and "the experience of every other major urban fire down the centuries", emphasising that the speed of the fire through the tenements surely trapped "the old, the very young, the halt and the lame", producing a death toll not of four or eight, but of "several hundred and quite possibly several thousand."Hanson (2001), 326–333. The material destruction has been computed at 13,500 houses, 87 parish churches, 44 Company Halls, the Royal Exchange, the Custom House, St Paul's Cathedral, the Bridewell Palace and other City prisons, the General Letter Office, and the three western city gates—Ludgate, Newgate, and Aldersgate.

Entrepreneur and businessman Robert Towns (after whom Townsville is named) and his business partner John Melton Black founded the settlement at Cleveland Bay to supply their pastoral leases in the hinterland. By the mid-1860s, drought and recession had led to a collapse in the pastoral industry in north Queensland. In order to salvage some profit, squatters turned to the boiling down of sheep and cattle for tallow (for candles and soap). Hoofs and horns were utilised for oil, and hides for leather. In 1864 a number of small-scale boiling down works were established on pastoral properties in the Kennedy and gulf districts, but the boiling down industry became more professional in 1866, when Towns & Co. opened a boiling down plant at Cleveland Bay, and Morehead & Young, partners in the Scottish Australian Pastoral Company, opened a similar operation on the Albert River where the settlement of Burketown had been established in 1865.

Pigs and cows in back yards, noxious trades like boiling tripe, > melting tallow, or preparing cat's meat, and slaughter houses, dustheaps, > and 'lakes of putrefying night soil' added to the filth."Bethnal Green: > Building and Social Conditions from 1837 to 1875", A History of the County > of Middlesex: Volume 11: Stepney, Bethnal Green (1998), pp. 120–26. Accessed > 14 November 2006. In about 1860 in A Visit to the Rookery of St Giles and its Neighbourhood, he mentions the area again and uses the term rookery.A Visit to the Rookery of St Giles and its Neighbourhood The vicar of St. Philip's, the church serving the Nichol, quoted by Frederick Engels, stated that in 1844 "conditions were far worse than in a northern industrial parish, that population density was 8.6 people to a (small) house, and that there were 1,400 houses in an area less than square";Engels, The Condition of the Working Class in England, 35-6.

Use was made of by-products: hides to make leather, tallow to make soap and candles, shins and bones to make portable soup. One characteristic that distinguished Deptford from the Board's other manufacturing facilities (in Portsmouth and Plymouth) was that, in addition to the aforementioned large-scale facilities, Deptford specialised in the production of other foodstuffs on a smaller scale, such as mustard, pepper, oatmeal and chocolate (each prepared in a dedicated milling area). There were also separate storehouses for sugar, tea, rice, raisins, wine and tobacco, all of which were purchased in London and stored in Deptford prior to being distributed for use elsewhere as required. In the late-18th and early-19th centuries, during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, Deptford's main task was to maintain a steady provision of victuals (either by manufacture or purchase) with which to supply the smaller yards on the south coast and overseas where the fleet was principally based.

The German Corpse Factory' or ''''' (literally "Carcass-Utilization Factory"), also sometimes called the "German Corpse-Rendering Works" or "Tallow Factory" was one of the most notorious anti-German atrocity propaganda stories circulated in World War I. According to the story, the ' was a special installation supposedly operated by the Germans in which, because fats were so scarce in Germany due to the British naval blockade, German battlefield corpses were rendered down for fat, which was then used to manufacture nitroglycerine, candles, lubricants, and even boot dubbin. It was supposedly operated behind the front lines by the DAVG — ' ("German Waste Utilization Company"). Historian Piers Brendon has called it "the most appalling atrocity story" of World War I, while journalist Phillip Knightley has called it "the most popular atrocity story of the war." After the war John Charteris, the British former Chief of Army Intelligence, allegedly stated in a speech that he had invented the story for propaganda purposes, with the principal aim of getting the Chinese to join the war against Germany.

Following delivery of the steamer and her acceptance by the USSB, she was allocated to Williams, Dimond & Co. to be used on The Pacific Coast to Europe routes. While in the Bay Area, the freighter loaded approximately 7,000 tons of merchandise consisting mostly of canned and dried fruit and vegetables in addition to 200,000 pounds of jute, 440,000 pounds of tallow and 170,000 gallons of wine and brandy and departed San Francisco on 28 August 1919 via Los Angeles where she took on additional 1,700 tons of canned goods. The freighter had to stay in Panama Canal Zone for about two weeks to undergo repairs and did not depart from Cristóbal until September 23. After unloading her cargo she departed Liverpool at the end of November and proceeded to Norfolk where she arrived on December 12 and was chartered for one trip by the U.S. Navy to transport coal to Pearl Harbor. Cansumset departed Norfolk on December 30 laden with 7,943 tons of coal and reached Hawaii on 29 January 1920.

He says his consent to the marriage depends upon what she wants and tells Count Paris that if he wants to marry Juliet he should wait a while then ask her. Later, however, when Juliet is grieving over Romeo's departure, Capulet thinks her sorrow is due to Tybalt's death, and in a misguided attempt to cheer her up, he wants to surprise her by arranging a marriage between her and Count Paris. The catch is that she has to be "ruled" by her father and to accept the proposal. When she refuses to become Paris' "joyful bride", saying that she can "never be proud of what she hates", Capulet becomes furious; threatens to make her a street urchin; calls her a "hilding" , "unworthy", "young baggage", a "disobedient wretch", a "green-sickness carrion", and "tallow-face"; and says God's giving Juliet to them was a "curse" and he now realizes he and his wife had one child too many when Juliet was born (in the earlier poem The Tragic History of Romeus and Juliet).

Davis explained he would have been more interested had the documentary been about trying to eat as healthy as possible at McDonald's: "You could choose low-fat options, but it would be impossible to get enough vegetables and fiber, and the low-fat meal would be incredibly bland, the product of a system that has worked to optimize food delivery and consistency and, in doing so, has invented foods so devoid of flavor that they require dressings, oils, beef tallow and goopy coatings to make them more than just textured blobs. The industry has worked hard to convince consumers that these odd, sweet flavors are not only good but also unique, recognizable parts of a brand. Spurlock doesn’t attempt to convey this message, presumably because the affects of too few vegetables and too little fiber aren’t as dramatic as speedy weight-and-cholesterol gains." McDonald's UK responded that the author intentionally consumed an average of 5,000 calories per day and did not exercise, and that the results would have been the same regardless of the source of overeating.

Common animal-derived ingredients include: tallow in soap; collagen-derived glycerine, which used as a lubricant and humectant in many haircare products, moisturizers, shaving foams, soaps and toothpastes; lanolin from sheep's wool is often found in lip balm and moisturizers; stearic acid is a common ingredient in face creams, shaving foam and shampoos, (as with glycerine, it can be plant-based, but is usually animal-derived); Lactic acid, an alpha-hydroxy acid derived from animal milk, is used in moisturizers; allantoin— from the comfrey plant or cows' urine —is found in shampoos, moisturizers and toothpaste;Animal Ingredients A to Z, E. G. Smith Collective, 2004, 3rd edition; Lars Thomsen and Reuben Proctor, Veganissimo A to Z, The Experiment, 2013 (first published in Germany, 1996). and carmine from scale insects, such as the female cochineal, is used in food and cosmetics to produce red and pink shades;Raymond Eller Kirk, Donald Frederick Othmer, Kirk- Othmer Chemical Technology of Cosmetics, John Wiley & Sons, 2012, 535. Beauty Without Cruelty, founded as a charity in 1959, was one of the earliest manufacturers and certifiers of animal-free personal care products.Linzey, Andrew.

All the region of the Littoral in fact becomes a territorial dependency of this new institution, specifically oriented to the development of commerce and thus very different from the other (still feudal) provinces. In 1759 the Compagnie privilégiée de Temesvár (called by the Kommerzial-Intendanz in Trieste also Jánosháza company) aimed at the export of Hungarian and Banat agricultural products (salted meat, tobacco, candles, tallow). The Temesvár company operated from 1759 until 1769 before it went bankrupt by 1771. Its greatest success came during the Seven Years' War (reaching its peak in 1763 – 65) when it supplied France through Genoa of the goods she had previously imported from its American possessions. The sugar refinery built in Fiume in 1750 was perhaps the biggest success. The plant obtained the privilege as the only sugar producing plant in the Empire and in 1755 an act prohibited the imports of sugar from other countries. The turn happened when Charles Proli from Antwerp together with the Triestine commercial house Urban Arnold & Cie company provided the plant with Dutch personnel and equipment. At its peak the Company employed more than 1000 workers and employees in a time when Fiume had little more than 5000 inhabitants.

Light Brigade at Gravesend, London In 1863 sold for £7060 to the Black Ball Line of James Baines & Co., Liverpool, principally for the London to Australia and New Zealand run, and renamed Light Brigade. As part of the Black Ball Line, under Captain Henry Evans, she carried immigrants from London to Brisbane, Australia in 1863; British troops and their families to Auckland, New Zealand, in 1864 from both Calcutta and Rangoon in India, and from London, for the New Zealand Wars (two separate voyages); immigrants from London to Sydney, Australia in 1867 and returned to London via Calcutta with cavalry horses for the troops in Calcutta; immigrants from London to Lyttelton, New Zealand, in 1867; and immigrants from London to Brisbane, Australia in 1869 and 1870/71. On this last trip Captain Evans died in Brisbane 10 days before the ship sailed again for London in April 1871 with a cargo of primary production goods being 2630 bales wool, 48 bales sheepskins, 500 casks tallow, 788 cases preserved mutton, 223 cases preserved meat, 11 calfskins, 1500 hides, 6031 horns, 89½ cwts bones and hoofs, 3 cases honey, 3 packages tobacco, 2 cases natural history specimens, 2 boxes silver plate, 69 sundry boxes and packages.The Brisbane Courier (Qld.

The Assyrian king Sennacherib (704–681 BC) cast massive bronzes of up to 30 tonnes, and claims to have been the first to have used clay molds rather than the "lost-wax" method:Stephanie Dalley, The Mystery of the Hanging Garden of Babylon: An Elusive World Wonder Traced, Oxford University Press (2013). . Translation by the author, reproduced by permission of Oxford University Press. > Whereas in former times the kings my forefathers had created bronze statues > imitating real-life forms to put on display inside their temples, but in > their method of work they had exhausted all the craftsmen, for lack of skill > and failure to understand the principles they needed so much oil, wax and > tallow for the work that they caused a shortage in their own countries—I, > Sennacherib, leader of all princes, knowledgeable in all kinds of work, took > much advice and deep thought over doing that work. Great pillars of bronze, > colossal striding lions, such as no previous king had ever constructed > before me, with the technical skill that Ninushki brought to perfection in > me, and at the prompting of my intelligence and the desire of my heart I > invented a technique for bronze and made it skillfully.

Constant was commissioned in May 1801 under Lieutenant James Bremer and stationed in English home ports for the following two years. In April 1803 she sailed to Leith in Scotland for patrols in the North Sea, including to hunt for privateers seeking to attack the British whaling fleet. She returned to Deptford at the conclusion of the whaling season, and in August 1803 her command was transferred to Lieutenant John Stokes who would remain with her for the next ten years. Under Stokes' command Constant was initially stationed in the English Channel and off the Dutch coast. In 1806 she was active in pursuing and seizing Dutch merchant vessels, capturing at least five including a brig and a hoy. The captured vessels were auctioned for prize money at Great Yarmouth in November 1806 and February 1807, alongside their assorted cargoes of tallow, wine and herring. Constant may also have recaptured the British merchant ship Fortune which had been seized by a French privateer in February 1807 during a voyage from Newcastle upon Tyne to Jamaica. In 1808 Constant was assigned to convoy duty in the Baltic, returning to England for repairs and refitting at Northfleet in February and March 1809.