Proportionality and privacy What's most obvious here is the emphasis on oversight and proportionality for legitimizing data retention powers.
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To me, their judgment showed a lack of appropriate proportionality.
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But obviously this new policy threatens to undo that proportionality.
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"I would like to stress the importance of proportionality," Thomsen said.
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Congress would need to specify what "proportionality" means when allocating electors.
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A good example of this is how the Common Core teaches proportionality.
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" To justify that, she wrote, employers must follow the principle of "proportionality.
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Proportionality would at least be the approximation of a direct presidential election.
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But the representational proportionality of black nominees applies only to the acting categories.
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Consequently, proportionality is generally considered the Achilles heel of the law of war.
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Before, proportionality occupied about 10 percent of math instruction in grades six and seven.
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There's a total lack of proportionality, a total lack of balance, in this thing.
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And others in which they will in fact look more at necessity and proportionality.
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Necessity and proportionality, which requires weighing human lives against military aims, are even more difficult.
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So the way I interpret DxOMark results is with a measure of skepticism and proportionality.
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"I would also be in favour of more proportionality (in focus on risks)," he added.
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Washington would see that modern politics often lacks proportionality when evaluating the mistakes of leaders.
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Zephyr Teachout's view of zero tolerance for sexual harassment, coupled with due process and proportionality.
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Zero tolerance should go hand in hand with two other things: due process and proportionality.
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In fact, the greatest differences by far in the simple foundation scores are on proportionality.
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In particular, it says that involuntary human shields are fully protected under the proportionality rule.
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The main lesson from the figure is that, yes, proportionality more closely represents the popular vote.
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Under proportionality, without the exaggeration, a virtual tie will return a real tie much more often.
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The prime minister has pledged to act "with firmness and proportionality" to stop any vote happening.
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Ash Carter: Yeah, proportionality is an ancient principle of warfare which the United States abides by.
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"As a proportionality exercise, it's unclear to me what the actual benefits are," Mr. Vaile said.
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Proportionality means that after investigating, Congress should fully consider the best response to the revealed conduct.
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The changes focus largely on a section of the manual that discusses the principle of proportionality.
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BASEL, Switzerland - Participation by ECB supervisory board member Pentti Hakkarainen in a panel discussion on "Risk-based supervision, pillar 2 and proportionality" at the global meeting on proportionality in financial regulation and supervision, which is jointly organised by the FSI and IMF in Basel, Switzerland - 0700 GMT.
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EBA's Enria said "serious thinking" was needed on a "modular approach" to introducing proportionality by revising rules.
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The Mosul investigation will undoubtedly consider two principles of the law of war: civilian distinction and proportionality.
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The organization is increasingly viewed as anti-Semitic and seems to have lost all sense of proportionality.
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Proportionality requires that the level of punishment be scaled relative to the severity of the offending behavior.
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" Justice Wilhelm Schluckebier wrote that the application of the proportionality principle was "constitutionally misguided in several respects.
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And if yes, how would students distinguish between a reasonable level or proportionality and an unreasonable level?
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Senator Lindsey Graham pleaded for proportionality of punishment, pointing out that Judge Kavanaugh was not Bill Cosby.
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When accounting for demographics, Sanders support is actually predicted by low proportionality and low authority/loyalty/sanctity.
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Berlin urged Turkey to show proportionality in its pursuit of those behind the coup, comments that angered Ankara.
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The following figure shows the results in the past five elections using two common formulas for finding proportionality.
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"These measures do not seem to adjust to the fundamental principles of necessity and proportionality," the UN said.
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But with so many blameless people being punished, and severely, worrying about proportionality for this guy seems dumb.
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International law normally requires proportionality in conflict and attempts to draw a distinction between military and civilian targets.
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"The proportionality of the hammer is completely out of scale with the harm being done," Ms. Rose said.
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One of the under-appreciated values that seems rapidly to be disappearing from our political culture is proportionality.
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THURSDAY, MAY 9 ** BASEL, Switzerland - Participation by ECB supervisory board member Pentti Hakkarainen in a panel discussion on "Risk-based supervision, pillar 2 and proportionality" at the global meeting on proportionality in financial regulation and supervision, which is jointly organised by the FSI and IMF in Basel, Switzerland - 0700 GMT.
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International humanitarian law requires abiding by the principles of humanity, precaution, proportionality and distinction between military and civilian infrastructure.
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"Proportionality is the icing on the cake," said Gerhard Hofmann, a board member at Germany's cooperative banks trade body.
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His review did not consider the proportionality or desirability of the bulk powers — leaving that for parliament to judge.
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Perhaps most discouraging in this entire episode is that the Democratic Party leadership has enabled the crisis of proportionality.
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But I feel the sense of the proportionality of what kind of crime that is, I think is wonky.
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Nate Ha. The Republican race would have been so different if they had Democratic rules on proportionality and superdelegates.
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Moving from the current objectively reasonable standard to a proportionality of force standard could be achieved in this manner.
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Perhaps a machine can make a utilitarian calculation on proportionality of force, but can it make an empathetic decision?
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"The legal principles of military necessity, distinction, and proportionality also apply to nuclear plans, operations, and decisions," he said.
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And also, I think the same drama will play out, the same kinds of proportionality issues will play out.
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This is called Hooke's law, and the proportionality constant relating force and compression is called the spring constant, k.
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But the increased proportionality in the Italian system makes it now harder for populists to take over the next government.
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Critics question this, arguing judges will just be rubber-stamping warrants on process, not interrogating the proportionality of the substance.
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For the Republicans in 2016, early states did use some form of proportionality, but later states use winner-take-all.
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Let's give a sense of proportionality here: Facebook made more than $15 billion in the first quarter of this year.
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Though the proportionality rules mean Warren may still come away with some delegates, the result is a big symbolic loss.
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According to Mr. Haidt, fairness is about proportionality; it is the idea that people should get only what they deserve.
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Proportionality, discretion, the idea that some convictions are unjust, the principles behind criminal-justice reform — these concepts do not apply.
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This interference must be justified in terms of its necessity and proportionality, in accordance with Article 8(2) of the ECHR.
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COMMAND AND CONTROL International law normally requires proportionality in conflict and attempts to draw a distinction between military and civilian targets.
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Some of the complaints, Sandling said, center around proportionality and the amount of time spent discussing slavery compared to other topics.
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"...the attacking forces may be failing to abide by the international humanitarian law principles of precautions, distinction, and proportionality," he said.
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Akselsen's defense argued for proportionality: The less risk the drug poses to health and society, the lighter penalty ought to be.
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Ask students to apply the three tests above (shape, proportionality and efficiency gap) to the legislative districts in their home state.
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Proportionality in the Electoral College would begin to counteract the destructive and ever-growing blue versus red partisanship overtaking the country.
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They explained that such moves either risk escalation, reduce U.S. surveillance capabilities or exceed the traditional standard of proportionality in conflict.
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News should not be repressed, but there should be a sense of proportionality in terms of what the human cost is.
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In weekend clashes at the Colombian border, Venezuelan security forces acted with "proportionality and caution," as humanitarian aid was burned, he said.
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The laws of war require a series of judgments about concepts such as proportionality (between civilian harm and military advantage) and necessity.
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"We understand that the actions taken on this occasion have generated significant public opinion on the proportionality of the officer's actions," he said.
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Yet overall, this boost to small states over strict proportionality is much smaller than the complete equality small states get in the Senate.
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For a sense of proportionality here, the Equifax breach affected an estimated 147 million people and the cash settlement pool is $31 million.
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Over the past three weeks, influential liberals have placed the issue of proportionality in political journalism at the center of a national debate.
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"It's important that we don't dilute standards beyond the internationally accepted, but tests of appropriateness, proportionality and international equivalence are key," he said.
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"Border security needs to be guaranteed within the framework of existing laws and strictly in accordance with the principle of proportionality," she added.
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Muscular male nude figures with bulging, ripped abs are the artist's bread and butter, rendered in stunning detail and possessed of perfect proportionality.
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The law also sought to return proportionality to our criminal justice system — a principle that conservatives, in particular, should celebrate rather than decry.
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"An approach to proportionality that relies solely on a size criterion would not be a risk-based approach," Hakkarainen told a conference in Lisbon.
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And measures to redress that electoral bias through greater proportionality in the voting system might also help with the broader issues of political division.
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"Lacking any basis in the facts or in proportionality, these subpoenas cannot be allowed to stand," Exxon said in a request to the court.
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We know reporters, editors and producers are able to make consistent judgements about proportionality, because they do it all the time in other arenas.
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The rules of war, as set out in the Geneva Conventions, require respecting the principles of precaution, proportionality and distinguishing between combatants and civilians.
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Surely there is a time and place for such a threatening tone but, as with any threat, one must remember the idea of proportionality.
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Increase the size of districts (and use ranked-choice voting to improve proportionality) and the predictability of results declines, making gerrymandering far less effective.
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" Writing to the FIFA Council, the players asked FIFA to "temporarily interrupt the ban imposed" on Guerrero "in the interest of fairness and proportionality.
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But questions have still been raised by many in Washington regarding the proportionality of the strike, and whether it was worth the unfolding consequences.
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But I think overall there just has been no strategy, no proportionality, no predictability in the administration's response from one event to the next.
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"Jurisprudence and regulations say there is a question of proportionality between the seriousness of the offense and the importance to public interest," Bourdon said.
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I just think there's a fear to have a candid conversation about proportionality when it comes to things that are labeled as violent crimes.
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But also, in the two cases where the popular vote was not reflected by the Electoral College, proportionality prevents any candidate from winning a majority.
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But it also stipulates "proportionality" — the value of the target must justify the risk of killing or injuring innocent people, and attacks cannot be indiscriminate.
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Then there are those who speculate about a societal "rush to judgment" or "mob rule," and who bemoan a lack of proportionality and due process.
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The ordinariness of "Plant Bowen's" mid-canvas horizon and classical proportionality is undermined by a sooty ground that harmonizes perversely with the raw linen support.
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And proportionality means that while all forms of inappropriate sexual behavior should be addressed, the response should be based on the nature of the transgressions.
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Not only does a proportionality mandate solve the problems of redistricting more elegantly, it solves the problem of judicial meddling with electoral mechanics much better.
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In this context, Rose's reinstatement to baseball and eligibility for the Hall of Fame is the only way to restore a proper sense of proportionality.
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This proportionality argument is flawed because it ignores the fact that Democrats are concentrated in a few urban districts while Republicans are spread out everywhere.
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Today we're already seeing the long knives come out for sister travelers who have called for some due process and proportionality in confronting male harassers.
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Going back to the earlier question of autonomous lethal devices and proportionality assessment, it turns out that such decisions usually have equations associated with them.
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Others, however, may see it as inherently unethical because the shamer has no real control over the proportionality of the response: In many cases of online shaming, the effects seem to be disproportionate to the offense that set them off (when the shaming goes viral and then marks the person, both online and off, potentially forever) — and proportionality is a key part of a just response.
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On Tuesday, academic and activist Zephyr Teachout published a column of her own in the Times, questioning whether Franken has been treated with fairness and proportionality.
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Paddick said that although he supports many of the provisions in the bill, he has yet to be convinced of the necessity and proportionality of ICRs.
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At the same time, I want to make sure we don't lose all proportionality in this because if we do, people end up guilty by accusation.
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Further escalation has only been averted – for now – because Iran limited the proportionality of the strike and avoided U.S. casualties, but the situation remains extremely tenuous.
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That said, in dealing with Catalonia and the grievances of a large minority of its people, Mr Rajoy never found a balance of firmness, understanding and proportionality.
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"The Government should reduce uncertainty about compliance burdens for businesses, proportionality and about cost recovery, by explicitly addressing such issues in the Codes of Practice," it writes.
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The survey results provide a measure of the strength of current support for each of four values: care/empathy; proportionality/just deserts; liberty; and loyalty/authority/sanctity.
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" Belgian Prime Minister Charles Michel called Israel's actions "unacceptable violence" and said "there is a clear lack of proportionality and we are asking for an international investigation.
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A multimember-district system was established after World War II. By giving even small parties a chance of getting elected, it could have encouraged proportionality and representativeness.
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So the proportionality of risk, we think, is very considerable," Ross said, adding that at the end of the day, "India has to make its own decision.
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"In a constitutional state - and this is what worries me and what I am following closely - the principle of proportionality must be ensured by all," she added.
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Consequently, the use of specialist engineer vehicles, including flamethrowers, can counterintuitively be argued to represent a restrained approach that better satisfies the humanitarian-law requirements of proportionality.
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Logging the digital activity of every UK citizen 'just in case' sounds very much like a bulk capability that sorely needs reviewing for proportionality so let's hope so.
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But I'm struck by the inability of techies to consider both the proportionality of this punishment and the chilling effects this case could induce on the media generally.
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" She added: "The court did not address the issue of proportionality of such a far-reaching decision and for that reason we will of course file an appeal.
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Clearly illegal under domestic and international law, the attacks don't follow the international rules for decision-making in situations involving armed conflict: distinction, proportionality and taking necessary precautions.
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Then, return to the question raised earlier: Do students think a simple proportionality test could be used to create a "workable standard" for determining undemocratic, or unconstitutional, gerrymandering?
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What hasn't been as widely discussed is the shaky reasoning behind managing grizzly bears like other wildlife rather than by what might be called hunting's law of proportionality.
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The Democrats' lawsuit in North Carolina uses that theory of proportionality to ask the Democratic-controlled North Carolina state courts to draw new legislative maps to favor Democrats.
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The proportionality requirement says, even if this force is necessary to make an arrest or defend yourself, you still can't use that force if it exceeds a certain amount.
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" But she criticized the move, saying "restricting people's right to choose the information source of their liking does not satisfy the test of proportionality and necessity under international law.
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The group highlights a lack of proportionality in the use of blockades, which "have had widespread and devastating effects on the civilian population," and in direct attacks on civilians.
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But the Democrats' proportionality argument seems only to apply when it benefits Democrats: The second dynamic at work is the gross imbalance in power on the state Supreme Court.
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Using targeted hacking generally has less negative impact for wider society's digital security, and preserves the privacy of those not suspected of a crime, if done proportionality with a warrant.
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This would appear to violate two basic principles of the law of armed conflict -- distinction and proportionality, which Israel, as a party to the Geneva Conventions, is bound to uphold.
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Respect. Self-worth. Hope. Proportionality. These were one-word visions for a reimagined criminal justice system from group of people who have considerable power to make change a reality: prosecutors.
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I say erred because at bottom the proportionality critique isn't ideological or partisan or even necessarily about the relative merits of democracy and authoritarianism—though those may be the stakes.
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These principles would guide us toward a law that is consistent nationwide while providing proportionality and flexibility that would be impossible to achieve with a state-by-state regulatory scheme.
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The tribunal will be passing judgement on the proportionality of BPDs in December — albeit likely too late to derail the legislative train pushing the IP bill towards Royal Assent this year.
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In that report, federal officials claimed that the disparate impact standard "may lead schools to adopt racial quotas or proportionality requirements" in an effort to prove that discrimination does not exist.
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On the proportionality point, Woods said it's notable the IPT has asked the government for more information on how bulk data is being shared with "foreign partners and other government agencies".
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Warwick said the "proportionality" of the offense is taken into account, with consideration given to the likelihood of a conviction and the severity of the punishment that would be handed down.
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I think one of the things that Holder and others have tried to do was to implement more proportionality in our criminal justice, and then try be consistent in that way.
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Thoughtful system design with built-in privacy provisions like data minimization and proportionality, well-controlled processes and robust governance, together with established rule of law, are essential to guard against risks.
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"In a constitutional state - and this is what worries me and what I am following closely - the principle of proportionality must be ensured by all," she told a news conference in Berlin.
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But in the process of trying to look tough in the face of Iranian mockery, Trump actually reversed both his administration's stance on dealing with Iran and his own position on proportionality.
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It is not a historical review," writes Linklaters, adding that: "It includes consideration as to whether the transparency, fair processing, proportionality and information sharing concerns outlined in the Undertakings are being met.
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The Commission also adds that measures "may differ according to the nature of the illegal content", and says its Recommendation "encourages companies to follow the principle of proportionality when removing illegal content".
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A low score on the proportionality questions predicted support for Bush (and, we would guess, for Kasich, although we did not have enough Kasich supporters in our data to test that hypothesis).
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He went so far as to suggest that a rolling sunset clause or yearly renewal requirement be embedded within the legislation to enforce proportionality — and avoid the risks associated with data retention overreach.
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She added that the Commission did look into the impact of its planned rules and that its actions, notably reclassifying certain firearms as prohibited goods, were in line with the principle of proportionality.
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Brian was saying what you just said — that the key was proportionality, and that editors and journalists make decisions all the time about where resources have to go based on what's most newsworthy.
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The results — explained and illustrated in the accompanying chart — show that supporters of Trump and Sanders oppose each other on three out of four of these moral values: care, proportionality, and loyalty/authority.
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Although the tribunal was not considering proportionality, only process at that point; arguing the operation became legal once the intelligence agencies avowed usage of these so-called bulk personal datasets (BPDs) to parliament.
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The cause of black firefighters would not seem nearly so urgent if they were merely one more underrepresented group seeking proportionality, rather than participants in a century-long fight against segregation and discrimination.
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The WP29 group said intelligence services should respect four essential guarantees when dealing with data on EU citizens - clear rules on processing, access based on need and proportionality, independent oversight and effective remedies.
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Details typically buried in seldom-seen PowerPoints and technical PDFs (like proportionality, rounding rules and delegate allocation rules) became crucial to calling an accurate delegate count — and thus the state of the race.
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"We have followed the principle of proportionality, which in practice means that smaller firms which pose less risk to the safety and soundness of the financial system face lower regulatory requirements," he added.
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" That standard of proportionality appeared to have been set aside on Tuesday when Mr. Trump wrote on Twitter: "Any attack by Iran on anything American will be met with great and overwhelming force.
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The conference also underscored the shift emerging in EU rulemaking to "proportionality" or lightening the burdens for smaller banks as policymakers begin to revise rules hastily agreed during the heat of the financial crisis.
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It said at least 36 people, including 30 children, were killed and 71 wounded and there were questions "as to the government's respect of the rules of precaution and proportionality under international humanitarian law".
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"For years now we have questioned the necessity and proportionality of a massive transfer of European passenger data and the legal basis for this," Dutch Member of the European Parliament, Sophie In't Veld, said.
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The big upside to all flavors of proportionality — and the reason places hardly ever backslide from proportional to nonproportional systems — is that it basically solves all the map-drawing problems in one fell swoop.
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Taking all of this into consideration, I found the fundamental principles of moral decision-making - things like autonomy, proportionality, and beneficence - to be confusing and unhelpful as I tried to answer my wife's question.
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Critics of the draft bill have previously slammed the overly broad capabilities offered by bulk warrants, noting for example that it is pretty hard to judge proportionality if you don't know who exactly you're targeting.
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"We therefore call upon the Commission to assess the appropriateness and proportionality of some of these measures and to relax the provisions that are harmful to the real economy," EACT Chair Jean-Marc Servat said.
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But Hyten was also referring to the Law of Armed Conflict, which takes into account specific factors -- military necessity, distinction, proportionality, unnecessary suffering/humanity -- in determining what constitutes fair conduct in targeting decisions during combat.
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BETH HERMELIN, BROOKLYN To the Editor: Zephyr Teachout is absolutely correct that zero tolerance should go hand and hand with due process and proportionality when public officials are accused of sexual assault or sexual harassment.
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The fact that our proportionality items predicted support for these candidates even after taking background and ideology into consideration shows how directly these candidates are appealing to the core moral concerns of the Tea Party.
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One simple approach to answering that question involves proportionality: If 24 percent of a state's voters prefer Republicans to Democrats, then we might expect 213 percent of that state's congressional seats to be filled by Republicans.
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BERLIN (Reuters) - Turkey should show proportionality in its pursuit of those behind a failed military coup, German Chancellor Angela Merkel said on Thursday, adding that she was following developments in the NATO partner country with concern.
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"At the same time I want to make sure we don't lose all sense of nuance and proportionality in this conversation because if we do, then people end up being guilty simply by accusation," he continued.
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"I understand that there can be questions about the possible proportionality of the decisions taken, but the speed of the decision is not questionable," he said, referring to the initial suspension imposed on Benalla by the Elysee.
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Then there is the problem of proportionality, whereby international law does not permit a violent response to cyber operations which, while they are politically and economically damaging, do not rise to the level of an armed attack.
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The right values fairness more than the left when it is presented as proportionality — a focus on merit, which includes a desire to let people fail when they are perceived to have been lazy or otherwise undeserving.
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"The amendment was clearly designed and adopted for the purpose of disadvantaging and discouraging the Nord Stream 2 pipeline," it said in a statement, adding that the new rules breached "EU law principles of equal treatment and proportionality".
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On the judicial component of the double-lock May was asked by the committee whether these judicial powers will be just narrow "process checks" or also allow for judges to also assess the necessity and proportionality of warrants.
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In a much-touted policy speech to both houses of parliament which was strong on broad principles but carried little concrete announcements, the new president confirmed he wanted to add a dose of proportionality to future parliamentary elections.
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However, the Oxford University's Institute for Ethics, Law, and Armed Conflict has found proportionality to be subjective, overly vague, and contradictory because it tries to reconcile two mutually incompatible objectives: the protection of civilians and gaining military advantage.
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The original version of the manual suggested that commanders could exclude entire categories of civilians when analyzing proportionality before firing, like civilians used as human shields or those who accompany an enemy force, like mechanics and food workers.
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Two legal judgements at the highest level in Europe in recent years have reaffirmed that all Member States' data retention regimes must comply with core principles of legality, necessity, and proportionality in order to avoid breaching citizens' fundamental rights.
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Libe committee chair and rapporteur, MEP Claude Moraes, has previously suggested the Facebook Cambridge Analytica scandal could help inform and shape an update to Europe's ePrivacy rules, which remain at the negotiation stage with disagreements over scope and proportionality.
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Here is a better formula of proportionality for all those who care about the future of the Palestinian people and the reconstruction of Gaza — and I include myself among them: Don't attack Israel, and Israel will not attack you.
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"When deciding whether to grant equivalence, consideration should be given to proportionality, to the links between those jurisdictions, how important is the cross border trade, and how important are the risks and possibility of circumvention," he told the conference.
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Comparing the Three Measurements Ask students to compare the three different measurements (shape, proportionality and efficiency gap) and decide which one seems the most effective at reliably determining when a state might commit an unconstitutional level of partisan gerrymandering.
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"The side effects of hormonal treatment, experienced by individual athletes could, with further evidence, demonstrate the practical impossibility of compliance which could, in turn, lead to a different conclusion as to the proportionality of the DSD Regulations," the judges wrote.
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But while there are some limitations on collective punishment in the context of war, nothing we are proposing would violate those rules or general norms of proportionality — the idea that punishment must be calibrated to fit the seriousness of the offense.
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When FiveThirtyEight's Gerrymandering Project drew seven sets of nationwide U.S. House maps, using such neutral criteria as partisan proportionality, compactness, racial and ethnic fairness, and competitiveness, improvements in one criterion inevitably came at the price of declines in the other.
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"The coalition could not have known and the Iraqi forces could not have known in most cases whether civilians were present or not, and this is a big problem because the laws of war require both distinction and proportionality," said Woods.
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"The coalition's targeting of civilians through air strikes, either by bombing residential neighborhoods or by treating the entire cities of Sa'dah and Maran as military targets, is a grave violation of the principles of distinction, proportionality and precaution," the report says.
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Including around issues such as proportionality and the question of consent to legally process people's data — both under GDPR and in light of EU fundamental privacy rights as well as those set out in the European Convention of Human Rights.
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Although this has incensed Weaver partisans ever since (the excellent writers Farrell and Nelson Algren among them), not to mention fans of fairness and proportionality, in retrospect it is clear why Landis made the decision he did, fair or not.
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As we talked about the question of proportionality — the assessment of how many casualties are acceptable given a military goal — the core assumption from the group was this kind of decision should never be in the hands of a machine.
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BASEL, Switzerland - European Central Bank Supervisor Pentti Hakkarainen to participate in a panel discussion on "Risk-based supervision, pillar 2 and proportionality" at a meeting on financial regulation and supervision organised by the Financial Stability Institute and the International Monetary Fund - 0700 GMT.
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BASEL, Switzerland - European Central Bank Supervisor Pentti Hakkarainen to participate in a panel discussion on "Risk-based supervision, pillar 2126 and proportionality" at a meeting on financial regulation and supervision organized by the Financial Stability Institute and the International Monetary Fund - 2127 GMT.
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Assange is being held in the high-security Belmarsh prison "as if he were convicted for a serious criminal offence", the U.N. working group on arbitrary detention said in a statement, adding that this "appears to contravene principles of necessity and proportionality".
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Giving a speech in Brussels yesterday, Vĕra Jourová, the European commissioner for Justice, Consumers and Gender Equality, reiterated that the EU needs guarantees from the U.S. that principles of necessity and proportionality would be applied when authorities request data from private companies.
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Proportionality does mean if you do something, I'm going to do something back to you, but I'm not necessarily going to do something that's out of proportion and that makes it necessary for you then to do more, and more, and more.
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So it will be open to the senior high court judge to look at necessity and proportionality but they will be able, under the judicial review provisions, to have the flexibility to determine the way in which they look at that decision.
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"What is important is that an application for a warrant contains as much information as possible to enable a Secretary of State to make a decision as to whether to issue a warrant," the IPT found, leaving questions of proportionality up to the Secretary.
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"While recognizing the right to protect its borders, we expect Israel to respect the fundamental right to peaceful protests and the principle of proportionality in the use of force when defending its legitimate security interest," the EU members of the Council said in a statement.
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" Mr. Moumtzis of the United Nations called on all parties to "strictly adhere to their obligations under international humanitarian law to take all feasible measures to protect civilians from harm, including the prohibition on launching of indiscriminate attacks and principles of proportionality and precautions.
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In general terms, we wrote this as an update formula, where the change in total cases (𝚫N) per time period (𝚫t)—let's define this as one day now—is proportional to the total (N), and that proportionality factor, a, is the percentage daily infection rate.
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THURSDAY, MAY 253 ** BASEL, Switzerland - European Central Bank Supervisor Pentti Hakkarainen to participate in a panel discussion on "Risk-based supervision, pillar 2 and proportionality" at a meeting on financial regulation and supervision organised by the Financial Stability Institute and the International Monetary Fund - 0700 GMT.
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The oversight court for U.K. intelligence agencies also has yet to rule on the proportionality of the law's so-called bulk measures — it's due to do that next month, when it will also be ruling on the legality of the powers with the wider European Union context.
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He said such sweeping but unproven powers were largely based on fear, and said that their lack of proportionality should be tested in ways similar to those used by a U.S. federal judge when he assessed President Donald Trump's proposed restrictions on migrants from Muslim-majority countries.
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SOSNIK: I thought this was a political exercise with people who had a political objective and were not on the level and that with the proportionality of what he had done and what should happen, that while I was disappointed, I was quite comfortable soldiering ahead on his behalf.
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The ruling called for "proportionality," stipulating that only older models with the highest emissions could be subject to such bans and that other considerations had to be taken into account, but automakers warned that allowing individual cities to set their own rules could result in confusion for drivers.
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And if Trump believes that he would use nuclear weapons against non-nuclear state actors — such as the Islamic State, which he has hinted about — then he would be using them against millions of innocent civilians without either justification or proportionality, turning the United States into a nuclear aggressor.
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Both pro-government forces and non-state armed groups "appear to have failed to respect the principles of distinction and proportionality under international humanitarian law, resulting in a high number of civilian casualties and injuries," said Marta Hurtado, the spokesperson of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, last week.
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"Individuals in the Government of Yemen and the coalition, including Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates, may have conducted airstrikes in violation of the principles of distinction, proportionality and precaution, and may have used starvation as a method of warfare, acts that may amount to war crimes," it said.
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Giving some early thoughts on the AG's opinion, University of East Anglia law lecturer and Internet privacy rights researcher, Paul Bernal, suggested the opinion is taking a very neutral stance — "leaving it to the Member states" to make judgements of proportionality and determine how they are respecting the essence of European fundamental rights.
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And while Burnham writes of ICRs being a "powerful new capability", he does not query the proportionality of the capability, nor the security risks posed by requiring ISPs store such a honeypot of data on a rolling yearly basis — merely calling for ICRs to be more tightly defined and access to them controlled.
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Ilhan OmarIlhan OmarWorld Jewish Congress condemns Tlaib for suggesting boycott of Bill Maher's show A lesson of the Trump, Tlaib, Omar, Netanyahu affair Tlaib suggests boycotting Maher show after he calls anti-Israel boycott movement 'bulls--- purity test' MORE's (D-Minn.) comments about Israel and AIPAC highlights a crisis of proportionality in American politics.
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Land: Specifically, we've tried to translate some core principles of IHL to the playable content in the DLC: Distinction (through the use and consequences of weapons such as mines and cluster bombs), Precaution (by using informational leaflets to warn before air strikes and stressing good intelligence gathering) and Proportionality (when evaluating collateral damage in scenarios).
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If you sit on the Israeli side of the Gaza border, if the kindergartens of your children are targeted by Hamas rockets, if you are living three miles from a terrorist regime sworn to your destruction, your sense of proportionality may be different than that of someone who lives in the idyllic green state of Vermont.
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"In essence, what we have here is an issue of proportionality: In order to possibly — but by no means certainly — gain extra information about the dreadful crime committed by Syed Rizwan Farook and his wife in San Bernardino, we may end up enabling a multitude of other crimes all across the world, including in the United States," he said.
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A crime occurs if there is an intentional attack directed against civilians (principle of distinction) (Article 21625(2900)(b)(i)) or an attack is launched on a military objective in the knowledge that the incidental civilian injuries would be clearly excessive in relation to the anticipated military advantage (principle of proportionality) (Article 220006(2202)(b)(iv).
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The Constitution contains no requirement of precise proportionality between the votes a party's candidates receive and the number seats it holds in a legislature, and Democratic voters' tendency to live in more densely populated areas than Republican voters may contribute to a districting skew in favor of Republicans even in the absence of redistricting that takes partisanship into account.
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"It is the case that my colleague Madame Jourova is looking at the question of the bonus cap from the point of view of proportionality, and whether in future it would make more sense to be applied in a uniform way to all kinds of sized credit institutions, or whether it makes indeed more sense to apply it proportionally," Hill said.
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"All DoD operations in 85033 were conducted in accordance with law of war requirements, including law of war protections for civilians, such as the fundamental principles of distinction and proportionality and the requirement to take feasible precautions in planning and conducting attacks to reduce the risk of harm to civilians and other persons and objects protected from being made the object of an attack," the Pentagon said in its report.
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"All DoD operations in 2018 were conducted in accordance with law of war requirements, including law of war protections for civilians, such as the fundamental principles of distinction and proportionality and the requirement to take feasible precautions in planning and conducting attacks to reduce the risk of harm to civilians and other persons and objects protected from being made the object of an attack," the Pentagon said in its report.
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Among the breaches CNIL has accused Microsoft of are: data proportionality requirements; failing to obtain notice for data transfers; breaking cookie law requirements; having inadequate security protections for personal data; failure to file an authorization request for processing personal data for fraud prevention purposes; and breach of cross-border data transfer restrictions, following the October 2015 invalidating of the Safe Harbor framework (which CNIL said was still referenced in Microsoft's privacy statement).
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The 71-year-old president's pathological inability to let go of slights; his strongman reflex to be the aggressor and bite back like a cornered animal, without regard for societal norms; his lack of self-awareness about the power he commands and the proportionality of his responses; his grotesque hunger for flattery and taste for Tony Soprano tactics; his Pravda partnership with David Pecker, the head honcho at The National Enquirer, which has been giving Trump the Il Duce treatment while sliming his political opponents, the "Morning Joe" anchors and Megyn Kelly — these are all matters that should alarm men and women equally.
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