Others come from peace-time services in AmeriCorps and the Peace Corps.
|
|
Today we see signs of division, perhaps more clearly than for generations in peace time.
|
|
Then I missed PEACE TIME switching to TIME PIECE and I have never forgiven myself.
|
|
We need to change our employees' mindset, as we are not in peace time anymore.
|
|
Australian national Brenton Tarrant has been charged over the attack in Christchurch, New Zealand's worst peace-time shooting.
|
|
" According to the online Etymology Dictionary, it comes "from the Greek eirenikos, from eirene, 'peace, time of peace.
|
|
He saw the camera and immediately recognized how this technology, designed for war, had an unparalleled peace-time benefit.
|
|
That, I mean, but during peace time-- you're always prepared for war and you have to do that through government.
|
|
Secondly, during peace time, our products were advanced and superior, which allowed many mediocre employees to move into managerial positions.
|
|
While they help project power and influence during peace time, such facilities could also be vital in a conflict, they say.
|
|
Russian diplomats say that around 700 Russian citizens living in Syria used to take part in Russian parliamentary elections in peace time.
|
|
An admirable commitment to the principle of free speech in peace time turns into a sucker position against adversarial psy-ops in wartime.
|
|
President Trump says he wants to build dozens of new warships in one of the biggest peace-time expansions of the U.S. Navy.
|
|
" And "Women love their cell phones, but this may conflict with the greater desire to have more peace, time, and space in their lives.
|
|
The lone gunman who killed 51 people in New Zealand's worst peace-time mass shooting on March 15 broadcast the massacre live on Facebook.
|
|
U.S. President Donald Trump says he wants to build dozens of new warships in one of the biggest peace-time expansions of the U.S. Navy.
|
|
Unlike war crimes, crimes against humanity can be committed during peace time, but the idea that victims live in peace is only a callous technicality.
|
|
Cyprus, further east, has bitter experience from seizing Iranian products destined for Syria; munitions it confiscated exploded in 2011, causing the island's worst peace-time disaster.
|
|
Twenty one million new jobs were created, we double revenues to the federal government and have the longest period of peace time economic growth in history.
|
|
The case, the worst peace-time atrocities against women in Cyprus in memory, has triggered outrage and horror on an island where serious crime is relatively rare.
|
|
WASHINGTON (Reuters) - U.S. President Donald Trump says he wants to build dozens of new warships in one of the biggest peace-time expansions of the U.S. Navy.
|
|
Anning has received widespread condemnation following comments he made that saying cause of New Zealand's worst peace time shooting was letting "Muslim fanatics" migrate to the country.
|
|
Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern labeled New Zealand's worst peace time mass shooting an act of terrorism and quickly introduced tough new firearm laws which banned semi-automatic weapons.
|
|
The scale of Russian military casualties in peace time has been a state secret since Putin issued a decree three months before Russia launched its operation in Syria.
|
|
Soldiers remain deployed at checkpoints on roads and in towns and the countryside — often performing duties that they are not legally allowed to assume in peace time, critics say.
|
|
That meant fighting to the last man when Soviet troops invaded during the war, but then working closely with Moscow in peace time, even though Stalin had just ravaged eastern Finland.
|
|
WE'VE GOT INTEREST RATES THAT AGAIN LOOK UNLIKE ANYTHING THAT WE'VE SEEN IN THE STOCK MARKET TOP BEFORE AND WE'VE GOT A 2409% BUDGET DEFICIT DURING PEACE TIME WITH 291% UNEMPLOYMENT.
|
|
A lone gunman armed with semi-automatic weapons attacked Muslims attending Friday prayers in Christchurch on New Zealand's South Island on March 15, in the country's worst peace-time mass shooting.
|
|
It was on Christofias's watch that munitions confiscated from an Iranian tanker destined for Syria exploded while being stored on Cyprus, triggering the island's worst peace-time disaster and killing 13 people.
|
|
Fifty people were killed and dozens wounded in attacks on the Al Noor and Linwood mosques during Friday prayers in Christchurch on March 15, the worst peace-time shooting in New Zealand history.
|
|
A lone gunman armed with semi-automatic weapons attacked Muslims attending Friday prayers in Christchurch on New Zealand's South Island on March 15, killing 51 people in the country's worst peace-time mass shooting.
|
|
Chief executive Max Siegel said the USTAF "understood" the ramification of postponing the Games for the first time ever in peace time, but that moving forward would not be in the best interest of athletes.
|
|
A lone gunman used a semi-automatic gun to kill worshippers gathered for Friday prayers at two mosques in the city of Christchurch on March 15 last year in New Zealand's worst peace-time shooting.
|
|
Historical events involving conflict, like the Great Fire of London, and peace-time events, like George Washington's speeches, take intense work alongside historians, archivists, National Park Service staff for US projects and other experts, Yigiter said.
|
|
England's top-flight soccer league, like the rest of world sport, finds itself in unprecedented peace-time territory as it attempts to react to the coronavirus pandemic which has infected nearly 800 people so far in Britain.
|
|
Reeves was holding a hearing with representatives of EY - formerly known as Ernst & Young - and PwC, who audited Thomas Cook in the years before it collapsed in September, triggering the repatriation of 150,000 British holidaymakers - the biggest in peace time for Britain.
|
|
The case, involving the worst peace-time atrocities against women in Cyprus in memory, has triggered outrage and horror on an island where serious crime is relatively rare, and forced the resignation of the justice minister and sacking of the police chief.
|
|
As a result of the administration's expansive budget policy at this late stage in the economic cycle, it is widely expected that over the next two years, the U.S. budget deficit will rise to a peace-time high of over $85033 trillion.
|
|
Reeves was holding a hearing with representatives of EY - formerly known as Ernst & Young - and PwC, who audited Thomas Cook in the years before it collapsed in September, triggering the repatriation of 150,000 British holidaymakers - the biggest in peace time for Britain.
|
|
As the country experienced political upheaval, economic change, and sporting victories, in war and in peace time, Bachchan has been a constant -- appearing in light-hearted comedies, emotional family dramas, love stories, action-packed entertainment flicks and, recently, more experimental cinema with a powerful message.
|
|
"I think everybody should vote their conscience – I think that during the year when there's this peace time, that we should try to form a plan that you can put into action, so you're working on something," Jackson, who's been married to The Hateful Eight star since 1980, explains.
|
|
Yet we've somehow managed to pass a tax cut and a spending bill, which together will give us a budget deficit of 5% of GDP—unprecedented in peace time outside of recessions … I think the recent tax cuts and spending increases are something we will all look back on and regret.
|
|
WASHINGTON — President Roosevelt's much-discussed bill for converting the United States into an ''arsenal for democracy'' by giving him unlimited peace-time power to ''sell, transfer, exchange, lease, lend or otherwise dispose of'' the promised ''billions of dollars''' worth of warplanes, ships, guns and tanks to Great Britain, China, Greece and the Latin-American republics to fight off Axis aggression, was introduced simultaneously in both houses of Congress today [Jan. 10].
|
|
In his Southampton career, he made 149 appearances in peace-time matches, scoring 30 goals.
|
|
For the next five years, Spencer continued her peace-time mission of ocean station keeping.
|
|
For his bravery, Singh was posthumously awarded the Ashoka Chakra, the highest peace time military decoration in India.
|
|
For his act of bravery and extreme valour he was posthumously awarded India's highest peace time military decoration Ashoka Chakra.
|
|
Shri Baij Nath Singh, AC was an Indian Civilian who was posthumously awarded India's highest peace time gallantry award Ashoka Chakra.
|
|
Badges of Rank - Shoulder Titles (a) Silver in peace time. (b) Silver white thread embroidered on dark blue background for operational area.
|
|
Shri Bhurelal, AC (20 March 1938) was a retired Police personnel who was awarded India's highest peace time gallantry award Ashoka Chakra.
|
|
Peterson received one battle star for World War II service. During peace time she at one time held seven separate Battle Efficiency "E"s.
|
|
Lt Col Rana was given the nation’s highest peace time gallantry award, “Ashok Chakra” (posthumous) for his exceptional bravery , indomitable spirit, leadership and supreme sacrifice.
|
|
R. P. Diengdoh, AC was an Indian police officer with the Meghalaya Police who was posthumously awarded India's highest peace time gallantry award Ashoka Chakra.
|
|
Second Lieutenant Pollur Mutthuswamy Raman was awarded India's highest peace time gallantry award, ” Ashok Chakra” for his rawan courage, leadership and supreme sacrifice for his nation.
|
|
Inspector Lohit Sonowal, KC was an Inspector of Commando Battalion of Assam Police who was posthumously awarded India's second highest peace time gallantry award Kirti Chakra.
|
|
For his raw courage, bravery and self sacrifice for his nation, he was posthumously awarded the Ashoka Chakra, the highest peace time military decoration in India.
|
|
The West Indies three more, and 2 were required for replacement. In total 17 sloops would be required in peace time, and 20 in times of war.
|
|
His themes, though varied, remain steadfast in their revelations about the human condition and complexities, about love and peace. Time is a prominent and recurring theme, referencing history and art history.
|
|
Paratrooper Sanjog Chhetri, AC (26 June 1982 - 22 April 2003) was an Indian paratrooper of the 9 Para (Special Forces) who was posthumously awarded India's peace time military decoration Ashoka Chakra.
|
|
Subedar Surinder Singh, AC was an Indian military Junior Commissioned Officer (JCO) with the 3rd Battalion of the Sikh Regiment. He was posthumously awarded India's highest peace time military decoration Ashoka Chakra.
|
|
When is an auxiliary, it normally follows the participle which it is used with: :.Cicero, 126. :"In the middle of peace-time, he was killed in Rome while returning from dinner." :.Cicero, 12.18.1.
|
|
In the process, he killed three terrorists, but sustained several gunshot wounds and succumbed to injuries. For his bravery, he was posthumously awarded the Ashoka Chakra, the highest peace time military decoration in India.
|
|
Captain Eric James Tucker, AC (21 October 1927 - 2 August 1957) was an Indian Army officer who was Posthumously awarded the highest peace time gallantry award, Ashok Chakra for an act of Gallantry in Nagaland.
|
|
Second Lieutenant Pollur Mutthuswamy Raman, AC (04 December 1934 - 03 June 1956) was an Indian Army officer who was posthumously awarded India's highest peace time military decoration Ashoka Chakra for his gallant act in Nagaland.
|
|
Havildar Joginder Singh, AC (30 November 1922 - 24 April 1956) was an Indian Army Non Commissioned Officer (NCO) who was awarded India's highest peace time military decoration Ashoka Chakra for his gallant act in Nagaland.
|
|
Lieutenant Ram Prakash Roperia, AC (10 June 1959 - 9 June 1984) was an Indian Army officer who was awarded India's highest peace time military decoration Ashoka Chakra for his gallant act in Operation Blue Star.
|
|
In peace time these Luftwaffe detachments were based in Germany, Austria, Bohemia, Moravia, and Slovakia ; but they were moved to advanced bases on the outbreak of hostilities with Poland, the "Fall Weiss" Operation, on September 1, 1939.
|
|
Assistant Commandant Pramod Kumar Satapathy, AC was an Police Officer of the Special Operation Group of Odisha Special Armed Police, which comes under India's Odisha Police who was awarded India's highest peace time gallantry award Ashoka Chakra.
|
|
The plant made headlines again on 6 February 1979 because of a fire. The cause was one of the largest peace-time explosions to date.R. Eckhoff: Dust Explosions in the Process Industries 2nd ed. Butterworth-Heinemann, , pg.
|
|
"A Separate Peace?" Time October 13, 2011 A 2014 Huffington Post slide show article named Alliance as one of ten of "The Most Interesting High Schools in America"."The Most Interesting High Schools in America" Huffington Post n.d.
|
|
The Act meant that the Swedish Army in peace time were to consist of the following units from 1 January 1928. One of the major changes was that the infantry regiments were to only consist of two battalions instead of three.
|
|
Richmond was long at the waterline with an overall length of , her beam was and a mean draft of . Her standard displacement was and at full load. Her crew, during peace time, consisted of 29 officers and 429 enlisted men.
|
|
Robert Augustus Sweeney (February 20, 1853 – December 19, 1890) was a sailor in the United States Navy and is one of only nineteen servicemen, and the only African American, to receive the Medal of Honor twice, both for peace-time actions.
|
|
The various training highlights conducted by peace time subordinate units during 2000 are as follows. The headquarters of the 194th participated in a BCST with the 416th ENCOM. the 1169th Engineer Group and the 926th Engineer Group participated as subordinate units.
|
|
The exact number of personnel and equipment held with Coast Guards remains classified. The Pakistan Coast Guards works under administrative control of Ministry of Interior in peace time whereas it will come under operational control of Pakistan Army in wartime situations.
|
|
Major Rajiv Kumar Joon, AC, SC was a highly decorated Officer in the Indian Army. He was posthumously awarded the Ashoka Chakra, India's highest peace- time military decoration. He was previously decorated with the Shaurya Chakra, the third-highest peacetime military decoration.
|
|
Honorary Captain and Subedar Major Sundar Singh, AC (14 February 1929 - 23 January 2017) was an Indian Army soldier who was awarded India's highest peace time military decoration Ashoka Chakra. Lance Naik Sunder Singh was a great soldier of 4th Battalion, Jammu & Kashmir Rifles Punjab.
|
|
Mannerheim never promoted him to full general. Mannerheim recognized Oesch's abilities, but Oesch never was one of his favorites. Mannerheim trusted most the men he himself had made; and Oesch, who had held very high posts already in peace-time, was not one of them.
|
|
In 1875, Norway was the first country to ratify the metre convention, and it was seen as an important step for Norway to gain independence. The decision to adopt the metric system is said to have been the Norwegian Parliament's fastest decision in peace time.
|
|
Peace time service by full-time salaried ROC Officers counted for half the qualification period for part-time personnel, therefore requiring up to twenty four years service to qualify for a medal or clasp, but with any previous war or part-time service counting in full.
|
|
The Ashok Chakra, India's highest civilian honour during peace time, was conferred posthumously upon two Mumbai Police officers – Hemant Karkare and Ashok Kamte who laid their lives in the service of the nation during the 2008 Mumbai attacks. Junior officer Vijay Salaskar was also posthumously awarded the Ashok Chakra.
|
|
He then served in the military (as Reserveleutnant). Külz married Erna Freymond (1881–1963) in 1901. They had one son, Helmut. Also in 1901, he was awarded a doctorate at the Staatswissenschaftliche Fakultät of the University of Tübingen with a thesis on the peace-time strength of the army.
|
|
The Medal of Military Merit () is a military decoration of Greece. It was originally created in 1916 for wartime meritorious service, but post-World War II became a peace-time medal reserved for officers. After the abolition of the Greek monarchy in 1974, its design was slightly altered.
|
|
The last elements of the Squadron returned to the United States on 15 June 1991 and rapidly resumed peace-time operations to provide Aviation Ground Support (AGS) for the 2nd Marine Aircraft Wing at MCAS Cherry Point and at Marine Corps Auxiliary Landing Field Bogue (MCALF Bogue), North Carolina.
|
|
The Times, Monday, 25 November 1918; pg. 4; Issue 41956 Holt Thomas turned his considerable abilities to keeping his aviation business together and brought in Sefton Brancker,News in Brief The Times, Monday, 6 January 1919; pg. 8; Issue 41990 Francis Festing and Mervyn O'Gorman.Flying in Peace Time. Gen.
|
|
Subedar Sujjan Singh, AC (30 March 1953 – 26 September 1994) was an Indian Army Junior Commissioned Officer (JCO) with the 13th Battalion of the Kumaon Regiment. He was awarded the highest peace time gallantry award Ashoka Chakra posthumously for his action in Operation Rakshak in Kupwara, Jammu and Kashmir.
|
|
The maintenance center is responsible of peace-time training and storing war-time materials according to the instruction of the Kainuu Brigade and the Northern Finland Logistics Regiment. It also support the troops production. The maintenance center has the leading unit, vehicle department, repair department, systems department and office.
|
|
In 1919, the British Cabinet's Secret Service Committee, chaired by Lord Curzon, recommended that a peace-time codebreaking agency should be created, a task given to the then-Director of Naval Intelligence, Hugh Sinclair. Sinclair merged staff from the British Army's MI1b and Royal Navy's Room 40 into the first peace-time codebreaking agency: the Government Code and Cypher School (GC&CS;). The organization initially consisted of around 25–30 officers and a similar number of clerical staff. It was titled the "Government Code and Cypher School", a cover-name chosen by Victor Forbes of the Foreign Office. Alastair Denniston, who had been a leading member of Room 40, was appointed as its operational head.
|
|
Brigade is operationally responsible to be corps reserve for Kharian-based corps during war/ national crisis. Since the brigade is composed of selected talented soldiers therefore, it often wins most of the peace time sports and training events. The brigade is winner of sports events of training year 2014 and 2015.
|
|
North of Greverudsenteret is Greverud church, a brick church built in 1967. Next to Greverudsenteret is a mountain hall, built as a bomb shelter but in peace time containing tennis courts, beach volleyball courts, soccer field and bandy field. In addition, Multisportsenteret ABOX offers space for training strength, aerobic and spinning.
|
|
Her peace-time complement consisted of 158 officers and enlisted men. She had a tripod foremast and a pole mainmast. To improve the antiaircraft field of fire, her tripod foremast was constructed without nautical rigging. The destroyer was fitted with emergency diesel generators, replacing the storage batteries of earlier destroyers.
|
|
In 1902 the Mt Kembla Colliery exploded, killing 96 men and boys. The Mount Kembla Mine disaster was the worst post-settlement peace-time disaster of Australia's history, until the 2009 Black Saturday bushfires in Victoria. It occurred at the colliery adjacent to the village at 2pm on 31 July.
|
|
Also, a driver, medic, military police or mortar man may hold the rank of Jäger. In other troops, special ranks such as tykkimies "Gunner" are equivalent (see Finnish military ranks). The older rank of sotamies "Private" is no longer used in peace time educational units but remains in war time infantry use.
|
|
Between 1945 and his military retirement in 1962, Smith held several positions in Canada and the United Kingdom. His first peace time job was at his alma mater the Royal Military College. He commanded the college till 1947. In the period 1958–1962, Smith was Adjutant-General of the Canadian Army in Ottawa.
|
|
Kanō Tenman-gū was a castle that was built during peace time in the 15th and 16th centuries, but only its ruins, including the base of the donjon and walls,Rekishi no Meguri--Shiroato Meguri . Gifu City Hall. Accessed May 26, 2008. remain in the present-day city of Gifu, Gifu Prefecture, Japan.
|
|
Turku Coastal Regiment () was a Finnish coastal artillery unit operating in the Turku area and Archipelago Sea. It was formed on 10.9.1939 as Turku Sector (Turun Lohko) as part of the neutrality guard and later Winter War coastal sector system from a peace time 1st Independent Coastal Artillery Battalion (1. Erillinen Rannikkotykistöpatteristo).
|
|
Naval ranks and insignia are based on the Royal Navy. Non- Commissioned Officers only retain the ranks as their insignia consists of a system of chevrons. The same ranks are also used by the Namibian Marine Corps. The highest rank in peace time a commissioned officer can attain in the navy is Rear Admiral.
|
|
In the 1950s, he was active in the Scottish National Congress.Archie Lamont, How Scots opposed the peace time call-up, p.23 He began his academic career as assistant lecturer (1936), then lecturer (1944), in geology at the University of Birmingham. He was then appointed Carnegie Research Fellow at the University of Edinburgh (1945–55).
|
|
The ship was decommissioned 18 April 1946. As of 2015, the final fate of the ship has not been determined. There was a huge push to convert the U.S. economy from a war basis to a peace time basis. People were flush with money but could not buy anything and people wanted houses and cars.
|
|
On 7 November 2007, he led an operation to eliminate militants from the Meghalayan jungles. In the process, he killed one militant and helped capture two, but sustained gunshot wounds and later succumbed to his injuries. For his bravery, he was posthumously awarded the Ashoka Chakra, the highest peace time military decoration in India.
|
|
For his raw courage, extraordinary bravery, leadership and in recognition of the initiative and dare devilry displayed in the pursuit of his mission to eliminate militancy from the face of his motherland, Second Lieutenant Puneet Nath Datt was posthumously awarded the Ashoka Chakra, the India's highest peace time gallantry award on 15 August 1997.
|
|
Hector Lennox was born in Houston, Texas. He was a U.S. Army veteran who grew bored during peace-time service. He signed up for the Power Broker's strength augmentation process, and joined the Unlimited Class Wrestling Federation. Later, his army friend John Walker, the Super-Patriot, approached him to form a team of superhumans.
|
|
Her standard displacement was and at full load. Her crew, during peace time, consisted of 29 officers and 429 enlisted men. Memphis was powered by four Parsons steam turbines geared steam turbines, each driving one screw, using steam generated by 12 White-Forster boilers. The engines were designed to produce and reach a top speed of .
|
|
Lala Pasha had already accommodated in this town while he was in war-time. The Old Mosque accepted as holy and having no definite information about how and when it was built. The mosque is decorated with tulip figures. In İkizce, the Roman people, Armenians and the Turkish people lived together in the peace-time until 1920.
|
|
The Lapland Air Command (, abbr. LapLsto; ) is the peace-time Finnish Air Force unit responsible for the protection of the airspace of northern Finland. The headquarters of the air command is located in the present-day province of Lapland, at Rovaniemi Airport. The Lapland Air Command was founded in 1973, when the Tavastia Air Command was moved to Rovaniemi.
|
|
Cases such as Luther v. Borden held the Guarantee Clause to be a political question to be resolved by Congress. Relying on that understanding, the Reconstruction era Congress disestablished ten state governments during peace time and placed them under military rule. The law, known as the First Reconstruction Act, found those states to be unrepublican under the Guarantee Clause.
|
|
Tjerk Hiddes resumed peace time service with the Royal Netherlands Navy after completion of the refit at Dundee. She returned to the Dutch East Indies, and was transferred to newly independent Indonesia in March 1951. She was renamed KRI Gadjah Mada and became the flagship of the Indonesian Navy. She was removed from the active list in 1961.
|
|
Under General John J. Pershing, from 1933 to 1937, he was responsible for the building of nineteen chapels and war monuments in Europe.Ocean Travelers, The New York Times, October 18, 1933.U. S. WILL DEDICATE 13 WAR MEMORIALS; Pershing to Finish His Biggest Peace Time Job in October at Chateau-Thierry, The New York Times, July 4, 1937.
|
|
Her standard displacement was and at full load. Her crew, during peace time, consisted of 29 officers and 429 enlisted men. Trenton was powered by four Parsons steam turbines geared steam turbines, each driving one screw, using steam generated by 12 White-Forster boilers. The engines were designed to produce and reach a top speed of .
|
|
A total of 44 SAF personnel were killed during the encounter. #Fallen44 became a worldwide trend on social media site Twitter as an effort to honor the 44 slain SAF members. The SAF casualties were later dubbed as the Fallen 44. The incident saw one of the highest fatalities of government forces in a single peace time operation.
|
|
Radonjić requested that the Austrian army be sent into Montenegro, which was declined. On Radonjić's re-request, the Austrian Emperor decided to send munition to Montenegro in February 1790, provided that the Montenegrins "come under the wings of the Emperor in war-time, as much as in peace-time, with the Ottoman Empire". Austrian support looked unpromising.
|
|
Additionally there are social rights such as the right to housing, social security, health care, education and employment. These are duties of the government towards its citizens, but these cannot be enforced by a judge. Democratic rights include the passive and active right to vote. The Netherlands has banned capital punishment during peace time and war time.
|
|
Her standard displacement was and at full load. Her crew, during peace time, consisted of 29 officers and 429 enlisted men. Concord was powered by four Parsons steam turbines geared steam turbines, each driving one screw, using steam generated by 12 White-Forster boilers. The engines were designed to produce and reach a top speed of .
|
|
He rose through the ranks of the navy to become a chief petty officer and, in 1939, he was drafted onto the newly commissioned light cruiser HMAS Perth. Its first peace-time mission was a voyage to New York to represent Australia at the World's Fair, after which the vessel saw service in World War II.
|
|
During peace time, reservists are inactive, i.e. they do not receive pay or have a position in the chain of command. Reservists are in duty only when mobilized during a crisis or when attending mandatory or voluntary refresher exercises. Nevertheless, reserve NCO or officer ranks are an entrance requirement to a military or border guard career.
|
|
Schnaufer pursued RAF bombers regularly to the English coast, or least the other side of the frontline. He experienced a lack of British interference beyond German-held territory. He recalled that he could fly around as if it was peace time, since all British jamming and interference stopped immediately once he was in Allied airspace.Aders 1978, pp. 211–212.
|
|
Marblehead was long at the waterline with an overall length of , her beam was and a mean draft of . Her standard displacement was and at full load. Her crew, during peace time, consisted of 29 officers and 429 enlisted men. Marblehead was powered by four Parsons geared steam turbines, each driving one screw, using steam generated by 12 White-Forster boilers.
|
|
The Satakunta Air Command (, abbr. SatLsto; ) is a peace-time Finnish Air Force unit. Its headquarters is not located in the present-day province of Satakunta, but in historical Satakunta and in the present-day province of Pirkanmaa, at the Tampere-Pirkkala Airport in Pirkkala. It is responsible for maintaining the prerequisites for operation in Southern Finland for the Finnish Air Force.
|
|
The route proved to be unprofitable and was terminated in spring 1994. was grounded outside Helsinki in spring 1994 and suffered major damage, which prompted Silja to give up traffic on her. September 1994 saw the largest peace-time maritime disaster on the Baltic Sea, the sinking of . Silja Europa, Silja Symphony and Finnjet all assisted in searching for survivors from the disaster.
|
|
I think that no one would then be around to be saved from flooding. Yes, the accidents are possible at peace time if the metallic structures of the dam are not replaced on time. But this is taken care of for the Kyiv dam. Besides, in the Netherlands, one third of the country spans across the territories gained from the sea.
|
|
Total thrust was thrust for 15 minutes, at a total HTP consumption rate of , boosting rotor power by and increasing vertical climb rate considerably . Total weight of the system was under . Flight trials proved the system to work as advertised but it was rejected due to the logistical problems involved with HTP in peace-time and particularly during military action.
|
|
James Mitchell, The Scottish National Party: Transition to Power, p.14 However, Brown resigned in 1954, disapproving of its submission to the Royal Commission on Scottish Affairs,Archie Lamont, How Scots opposed the peace time call-up, p.23 and it increasingly came to focus on the question of a Scottish constitution. Other activities included a campaign advocating the purchase of Scottish products.
|
|
The two other groups consisted of 500 artillerists each. In peace time, one group would be stationed at the fort for one week, and the other group would be in reserve at the village of Wonck, about away. These two groups would change places every week. Except for some of the officers and NCOs, most of the men were conscripts.
|
|
Command flag of a commanding general (German: Kommandierender General) of an Army corps (1933-1945). As fixed military formation already in peace-time it was used almost in all European armies after Battle of Ulm in 1805. In Prussia it was introduced by Order of His Majesty (de: Allerhöchste Kabinetts-Order) from November 5, 1816, in order to strengthen the readiness to war.
|
|
Captain Arun Singh Jasrotia, AC, SM (16 August 1968 - 15 September 1995) was an Indian military officer with the 9 PARA (Special Forces) unit. He was posthumously awarded the Ashoka Chakra, the highest peace time military decoration in India. He was also recipient of Sena Medal. On 15 September 1995, terrorists attacked Jasrotia's team in Lolab Valley in Jammu and Kashmir.
|
|
Detroit was long at the waterline with an overall length of , her beam was and a mean draft of . Her standard displacement was and at full load. Her crew, during peace time, consisted of 29 officers and 429 enlisted men. Detroit was powered by four Curtis steam turbines geared steam turbines, each driving one screw, using steam generated by 12 Yarrow boilers.
|
|
The rear of the original structure is also brick encased at the corners. The original design, brickwork, entrance and saw-tooth roof are intact beneath the later extensions. The building was modelled on the British RAF "C" type designed for a more peace-time function. The Base's first control tower was located at the front right hand corner of the hangar.
|
|
The Ichirgu-boila or Chargobilya (Old Bulgarian ,Moravcsik, G. Byzantinoturcica II. Leiden 1983, c. 133. ) was a high-ranking official in the First Bulgarian Empire. He was the commander of the garrison of the capital and was the third most important person in the state after the ruler and the Kavkhan. In peace-time the ichirgu-boila had diplomatic functions.
|
|
The end of the British mandate coincided with the post war reduction of the British Army back to peace time levels, and the division's numbers were gradually reduced. By the end of their tenure in Palestine, the division's strength was reduced in real terms, to less than brigade size. In 1948 it was disbanded soon after its withdrawal from Palestine.
|
|
In early May, the intrusion in the Kargil sector was reported. The 1/11 Gorkha Rifles battalion had finished a one-and-a-half year tenure in the Siachen Glacier and was on-the-move to its peace-time location in Pune. The battalion was asked to move to the Batalik sector in Kargil. It was among the first units to be inducted into this sector.
|
|
Permits first cruises were conducted in Philippine waters during 1940-1941. The two-year period of peace time activity gave the submarine's crew valuable training for later war activity. The ship - commanded by Lieutenant Commander Adrian M. Hurst - conducted her first war patrol off the west coast of Luzon from 11–20 December 1941. From 22–27 December, she made a second patrol in the area.
|
|
He mustered out of the volunteer force when it legally dissolved on 30 June 1901, but by then he had received promotion to captain in the Regular Army. His health did not improve even in the less stressful environment of peace-time garrison life. On 6 February 1902 he retired for "Disability in line of duty from wounds received in action." He was only thirty-five.
|
|
During 1932-1933 the USSR, under the leadership of Stalin underwent a widespread famine known as the Soviet Famine. The USSR was occupied with national issues and was rarely present at the conference. In addition, during the interwar period, Stalin led the modernisation and buildup of the USSR's army. This included the size of an army (during peace time) of 1,100,000 and forced combat training.
|
|
Winston Churchill represented Wanstead as MP when Wanstead was part of the Epping Constituency (1924-1945) and also, when it was part of Wanstead and Woodford, from 1945 to 1964. During this period he was Prime Minister during much of the Second World War (1940-1945) and again, in Peace Time from 1951 to 1955. There is a bust of him in Wanstead High Street.
|
|
Among his best-known coinages are (from Housemaster) "What do you mean, funny? Funny-peculiar or funny ha-ha?" and (from The First Hundred Thousand) "War is hell, and all that, but it has a good deal to recommend it. It wipes out all the small nuisances of peace-time." He either invented or popularised the phrase "nothing to write home about", denoting something mediocre or unexceptional.
|
|
Army ranks are based on Commonwealth ranks. The highest rank in peace time a commissioned officer can attain in the army is major general. There may, however, be an exception when an army officer is appointed as Chief of the Defence Force, for which the individual will ascend to the lieutenant general. The highest rank an enlisted member can attain is warrant officer class 1.
|
|
The works and plant had grown to over ten times their prewar size, no peace-time products were being made. The Armistice terminated the war suddenly, contracts were cancelled at very short notice. Major wartime additions to plant included a large steel-foundry, a very large sheet metal pressings shop and a very large and complete hardening and heat-treatment shop.The Austin Motor Company, Limited.
|
|
Their compartment was located just forward of the 'A' shell room on the platform deck. Six torpedoes per tube were to be carried in peace-time, but this would increase to eight in wartime. These Mark I torpedoes had a warhead of of TNT and were powered by oxygen-enriched air. They had two speed settings which governed their range: either at , or at .
|
|
Following the introduction of absolute monarchy in 1660, the King held absolute power over the army. However, in cases of war the King would appoint regional commanders. After the end of the English Wars, it was decided to keep the commands, even during peace time. Originally named the General Command over Zealand, Lolland-Falster, Møn and Bornholm, it was one of five General Commands.
|
|
E. T. Skinner & Co. Ltd. traded from premises at 400 Harrow Road, London W9, then from 1955 at 2 Lochaline Street, Hammersmith, London W6. Gugen used his knowledge of languages and business acumen to expand by importing swimming goggles and swimfins from France, as the Dunlop Rubber company, who had made wartime frogmen's fins, had decided that there would be no market for them in peace time.
|
|
Though he was unable to move, he continued to give orders to his team till they succeeded. He allowed himself to be evacuated only 35 minutes after the operation ended. He was airlifted to the army base hospital but he succumbed to the injuries en route. For his bravery, he was posthumously awarded the Ashoka Chakra, the highest peace time military decoration in India.
|
|
Between the outer and inner cities are several fortresses known as yangmacheng (literally "sheep-and-horse city"). A common feature of Tang dynasty cities, they were used as animal enclosures in peace time to keep humans and livestock apart as a disease-prevention measure, and as military fortresses in wartime. There are no signs that the ones at Suoyang were repaired or used after the Tang dynasty.
|
|
Deliler ( , , Delü, meaning "daring, brave, fearless, audacious, intrepid, valiant", plural: deliler) was an Ottoman Shock troop light cavalry unit. Their main role was to act as shock troops on the front lines by using guerrilla tactics, and to put opposing army in a state of confusion and shock also acting as personal guard of high level Ottoman officials in the Rumeli during peace time.
|
|
A black felt cloak (bourki) was worn in bad weather both in peace-time and on active service. The 200 Kuban and 200 Terek Cossacks of the Imperial Escort (Konvoi) wore a special gala uniform; including a scarlet kaftan edged with yellow braid and a white waistcoat. Officers had silver braiding on their coats and epaulettes. A dark coloured kaftan was issued for ordinary duties together with a red waistcoat.
|
|
The Swedish Army School of Photography (Arméns fotoskola, FotoS), nicknamed the Ökenfortet ("Desert Fort"), was a school within the army that was formed on 1 April 1957. The school annually trained about 20 photo technicians and 40-50 army photographers. The school's conscripts belonged to a peace-time unit that raised a war-time unit which included photo groups or photo sections. On 30 June 1974, the school was disbanded.
|
|
The Mi-8 family of helicopters became the main Soviet and later Russian helicopter, covering a large range of roles in both peace time and war time. Large fleets of Mi-8 and its derivatives are employed by both military and civil operators. Large numbers of Mi-8 family helicopters were used during the Soviet–Afghan War during the 1980s. Its rugged construction allowed easier in-theater operations and maintenance.
|
|
The infantry squad is able to fight through two large roof hatches, though standard procedure would be to dismount through the two side-hinged doors in the rear to fight. Maximum road speed is 65 km/h (restricted for peace time use). The range on roads is about 300 km. The Pbv 302 shares common components with the Ikv 91 tank destroyer and total production was approximately 650 units.
|
|
Elements of the 2nd Amphibian Tractor Battalion participated in assaults on Guadalcanal, Tarawa, Saipan, Tinian and Okinawa. After the surrender of Japan in August 1945, the battalion returned to the United States and deactivated on 29 November 1945. The 2nd Amphibian Tractor Battalion was reactivated on 1 May 1946. The Battalion was stationed at Camp Lejeune, North Carolina, where it participated in peace time training with the 2nd Marine Division.
|
|
The earliest burial at the St. John's Cemetery was in 1820. However, no record exists on the exact year when the cemetery was established. Before Indian Independence, only Europeans were allowed to be buried at the cemetery. In 1884, a War Memorial was raised in the cemetery by the Non Commissioned Officers of the 42nd Company of the Royal Engineers, in memory of their fallen comrades in peace time and war.
|
|
In 1941, he received the second highest salary and compensation package in the U.S., $522,637. During his career, Grace earned a reputation for strident anti-unionism. After the war, Grace led the company to retool for peace time, and they changed focus to building bridges, including the Verrazano-Narrows Bridge, and skyscrapers. Grace was generous with the money he earned, and donated much to Lehigh University and the city of Bethlehem.
|
|
Between July 1972 to February 1973 the squadron returned to combat in Vietnam on board . During seven periods on the famous Yankee Station VF-74 did not lose a single aircraft to enemy action. VF-74 was just as successful in peace time, winning the CNO Safety "S" in 1974 along with the Battle "E". In 1975, they moved to CVW-8 and took part in the maiden cruise of .
|
|
The Würzburg witch trials, which occurred between 1626 and 1631, are one of the largest peace-time mass trials. In Würzburg, under Bishop Philip Adolf an estimated number between 600 and 900 alleged witches were burnt.Wolfgang Behringer, Witchcraft in Bavaria: Popular Magik, Religious Zealotry, and Reason of State in Early Modern Europe, (Cambridge University Press, 1997). In 1631, Swedish King Gustaf Adolf invaded the town and plundered the castle.
|
|
Radonjić requested that the Austrian army be sent into Montenegro, which was declined. On Radonjić's re-request, the Austrian Emperor decided to send munition to Montenegro in February 1790, provided that the Montenegrins "come under the wings of the Emperor in war-time, as much as in peace-time, with the Ottoman Empire". Austrian support looked unpromising. In 1794, the Kuči and Rovčani (tribes outside Montenegro) were devastated by the Ottomans.
|
|
In British airspace, and over territory the Germans did not control, he experienced a lack of radar interference. Schnaufer recalled that he could fly around as if it was peace time, since all British jamming and interference stopped immediately once he was in Allied airspace. On 7/8 March, he claimed three RAF four-engine bombers for victories 119 to 121. These were his last victories of the war.
|
|
The 41st (Reserve) Infantry Division () was a tactical unit of the Polish Army during the early stages of World War II. During peace time the unit existed only on paper, as part of the mobilization scheme accompanying the Plan West. The division's sub-units were to be created by other peace-time regiments in case of general mobilization. Most infantry battalions were created by the NCO School of Ostrów Mazowiecka (114th and 116th Infantry Regiment) and Infantry Reserves Training Facility at Różan (most of 115th Infantry Regiment). Additional infantry and artillery battalions, as well as services were formed by 13th, 33rd and 71st Infantry Regiment, as well as the 9th Light Artillery Regiment. The division was finally created on 24 August 1939 as part of the secret mobilization preceding the outbreak of World War II. It became part of the Commander-in-Chief's strategic reserve as part of the Corps-sized Wyszków Operational Group, along with the elite 1st Legions Infantry Division and reserve 35th Infantry Division.
|
|
According to Roth, "By failing to hold those responsible to account, Israel increases anger and resentment among the Palestinian population and in the wider Arab world and undercuts moderates who wish to pursue peace." Time Mideast correspondent Scott MacLeod wrote in the Los Angeles Times that Israeli policy cannot be shielded from a group like Human Rights Watch. HRW has been accused of bias against Israel and having an anti-Israeli agenda by NGO Monitor.
|
|
The 31st Fighter Squadron is the operational unit of the Karelian Wing. During Peace-time, its main duty is to guard its assigned air space, and if needed, to prevent unpermitted use of it. In order to be able to do so, it is equipped with some twenty F-18 Hornet fighters and 5 liaison aircraft. The wing also operates an F-18 weapons training platform, called WTSAT or "Weapons Tactics and Situational Awareness Trainer".
|
|
In 2007, the two countries signed a defence agreement, covering surveillance and military defense of Icelandic air space and economic zone. It means that Norwegian jet fighters and surveillance aircraft will be patrolling Icelandic air space. It is underlined that the agreement with Norway only covers peace time. In case of a military conflict it is still NATO and the United States Government that will carry the main responsibility for Iceland's defence.
|
|
As a result, "civilian consumption of cotton goods fell by more than 23% from the peace time level by 1943/44". The hardships that were felt by the rural population through a severe "cloth famine" were alleviated when military forces began distributing relief supplies between October 1942 and April 1943. Hawker Hurricane Mark IIBs and IICs of No. 67 Squadron RAF lined up at Chittagong. Construction of airfields displaced the civilian population and increased inflation.
|
|
Param Vishisht Seva Medal (PVSM)() is a military award of India. It was constituted in 1960 and since then till date, it is awarded in recognition to peace-time service of the most exceptional order and may be awarded posthumously. All ranks of the Indian Armed Forces including Territorial Army, Auxiliary and Reserve Forces, Nursing officers and other members of the Nursing services and other lawfully constituted Armed Forces are eligible for the award.
|
|
Similarly the Zhongjing circuit once collected 200,000,000 within 6 months, while Xijing's income remained insignificant. Nanjing (present day Beijing) was the wealthiest region having an annual income of 5,492,906,000 cash coins as reported in 1123 on a tax of 10%. Though it's more likely that these tax incomes were considerably smaller as these numbers were inflated due to the government collecting more tax for its military expenditures as its peace-time income was significantly lower.
|
|
Air Chief Marshal Om Prakash Mehra (19 January 1919 – 8 November 2015) was Chief of the Air Staff of the Indian Air Force from 1973 to 1976. He received Param Vishisht Seva Medal (PVSM), the highest military award for peace-time service, in 1968. He was awarded Padma Vibhushan, India's second highest civilian honour, in 1977. He later became Governor of Maharashtra from 1980 to 1982, and Governor of Rajasthan from 1985 to 1987.
|
|
Lt Rakesh Singh died on 5 December 1992 at the age of 22 from injuries sustained whilst attempting to cut off the escape of eight fleeing Afghan Mujahadeen who had been flushed out during operations. Single-handedly, he managed to kill five of the Mujahadeen, but sustained injuries during the encounter and died of his injuries. In 1993 he was awarded India's highest peace time gallantry award, the Ashoka Chakra for his supreme sacrifice.
|
|
Morris made his maiden speech in November 1945, urging that the Government persuade both the United States and Soviet Union to discard the atomic bomb."Parliament", The Times, 8 November 1945, p. 7. He backed a rebel amendment to the loyal address in reply to the King's Speech in November 1946, opposing the operation of conscription in peace-time.,Philip Norton, "Dissension in the House of Commons 1945-74" (Macmillan, 1975), p. 15.
|
|
By 1853, the French Army included three regiments of zouaves. Each of the three line regiments of zouaves was allocated to a different province of Algeria, where their depots and peace-time garrisons were located. The Crimean War was the first service which the regiments saw outside Algeria. They subsequently served as effective light infantry in the Franco-Austrian War of 1859, the Mexican Intervention (1864–66) and the Franco-Prussian War (1870).
|
|
The stated mission of the Singapore Armed Forces is to deter armed aggression, and to secure a swift and decisive victory should deterrence fail. The Army is also tasked with conducting peace-time operations to further Singapore's national interests and foreign policy. These range from disaster relief to peacekeeping, hostage-rescue and other contingencies. The Army views technology as a force-multiplier and a means to sustain combat power given Singapore's population constraints.
|
|
After World War I the AIF was disbanded and replaced with the Citizens Military forces, presumably in anticipation of long-term world peace. These peace time forces included two cavalry divisions and three Light Horse regiments. The Remount Complex at Enoggera continued to be used for breaking horses and training troops in riding and mounted warfare. At the outbreak of World War II, Enoggera was once again used as a training camp for soldiers bound for overseas service.
|
|
Canby could be a destroyer but appeared to prefer the role of builder. Today, he might be considered a "policy wonk" because he was expert in policy and law. If someone had a question about army regulations or Constitutional law affecting the military, Canby was the man to see. Grant came to appreciate this in peace time, once complaining vigorously when President Andrew Johnson proposed to assign Canby away from the capital where Grant considered him irreplaceable.
|
|
For his service in the war he was awarded, by the Sultan of Egypt, the Order of the Nile third class in November 1919. Having reverted to his peace time rank after the war, in December 1926 he was a colonel and commander of the 2nd Indian Cavalry Brigade at Sialkot in India, when he was invested as a Companion of the Order of the Bath. Harbord retired from the army in 1929 and died 28 September 1958.
|
|
In December 1946 he returned to the UK, going to the Visual Interservice Training and Research Establishment as Chief Ground Instructor. In 1947 he joined CFE as SASO, and in August commanded No. 19 Squadron until March 1950. He then was posted to HQ, Fighter Command, in September 1950. Various peace time posts followed, until following a difference of opinion with a superior, he was moved to command No. 69 (PR) Squadron on Canberras in 1958.
|
|
In addition, other discussions were brought up during the General Commission. These included whether these agreements were still in place during wartime, whether other regulatory bodies should be established to monitor and enforce this and the option of demilitarised zones. These issue's were agreed upon with the ideal that the agreements set about should be war and peace time, that a non-political body would monitor disarmament and that there would be no specific demilitarised zones.
|
|
The Infantry Regiment 6 became the peace-time unit garrisoned in Turku after the general demobilisation following the Continuation War. As the Finnish Army units were given provincial names in 1957, the unit received its present name, Pori Brigade. As the city of Turku grew, the garrison became an impractical location for an infantry-training unit. Thus, the Brigade was moved to a new garrison in Säkylä, with 4,000 hectares of land for exercise and firing range purposes.
|
|
A few seconds later the police tactical unit Delta launched an attack that saved all the hostages and killed Rasid Koca. He was killed instantaneously by a Delta sniper. This is the only time a direct order to shoot to kill has been given in Norway during peace time. Due to the MS Estonia sinking, the incident received little press attention, although a mini TV-series titled Deadline Torp was made for the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation (NRK), in 2005.
|
|
It was the training, evaluation and demonstrations unit (Lehrtruppenteil) within the FSLK200. As such, it supervised and conducted special forces training for other specialised branches within the German Armed Forces. Secondly, in peace time, it was tasked with the field evaluation and demonstration of new tactics and equipment. The clearly offensive role of this unit, regained and attracted further interest again, only shortly after September 11, 2001 and during the emerging Global War on Terrorism (GWOT).
|
|
As this was also the place where people lived, it caused a conflict of interest. According to the peace-time compulsory purchase law, the state was forced to pay due compensation for any land they needed to build public infrastructure. However, the Germans showed no interest in following these laws, took what property they needed, often without even informing the locals. In Lappstorvika, the road became so dilapidated that the locals chose to move away until after the war.
|
|
In 1608 he requested rectification from the War Council, which answered that it would, in case of need, have him and his band in mind. The War Council was known for unpaid salaries. Emperor Rudolf II gave him the rank of colonel, but Temišvarac was not pleased, as this decision only had value in war-time when he wanted to secure a decent living in peace-time. In December 1608 he made a re-request for the case.
|
|
The name of the place is a mixture of two words: Chandan and wadi. Chandan in Sanskrit refers to sandalwood and the suffix "wadi" means a cluster of houses in the Marathi language. In January 2007, Major Manish H Pitambare from Chandanwadi (a paratrooper from the Special Forces) was awarded the Kirti Chakra, India's second-highest Peace-Time Gallantry Award, after he lost his life fighting militants in Bijbehara District of Jammu & Kashmir in November 2006.
|
|
91 October 1910 saw him posted to Derry, where the 2nd Battalion of the Royal Scots Fusiliers were garrisoned. He was reduced from a temporary lieutenant-colonel to major, and made a company commander. He occupied himself during the routine of garrison life with playing polo and he took up hunting. Finding peace-time regimental life dull he sought to expand his area of responsibility by attempting to reorganise his fellow officers' administrative procedures, which they resented.
|
|
Antônio Hamilton Martins Mourão (born 15 August 1953) is a Brazilian politician who sits as the 25th and current Vice President of Brazil under President Jair Bolsonaro since 1 January 2019. Mourão is a retired Brazilian Army General, the highest rank a Brazilian soldier can reach during peace time. He is a member of the Brazilian Labour Renewal Party. Mourão is the first ethnically indigenous person to ever hold the office of vice president of Brazil.
|
|
Hayashi and Lord Lansdowne began their discussions on July 1901, and disputes over Korea and India delayed them until November. At this point, Hirobumi Itō requested a delay in negotiations in order to attempt a reconciliation with Russia. He was mostly unsuccessful, and Britain expressed concerns over duplicity on Japan's part, so Hayashi hurriedly re- entered negotiations in 1902. "Splendid isolation" was ended as for the first time Britain saw the need for a peace-time military alliance.
|
|
The Niger Armed Forces (Forces armées nigériennes) are the military and paramilitary forces of Niger, under the president as supreme commander. They consist of the Niger Army (Armée de Terre), the Niger Air Force (Armée de l'Air) and the auxiliary paramilitary forces, such as the National Gendarmerie (Gendarmerie nationale) and the National Guard (Garde Nationale). Both paramilitary forces are trained in military fashion and have some military responsibilities in wartime. In peace time their duties are mostly policing duties.
|
|
The Party conceptualized this primarily as a matter of authority, education, ideological staunchness,Zinaida Krylova, Fostering ideological staunchness. Moscow: Novosti Press Agency, 1978. exemplary practice, incentives, and penalties. If workers did not cooperate, because they thought it was against their self-interest (for whatever reason), they were forced to do so, in peace-time as well as in war- time.Thomas F. Remington, Building socialism in Bolshevik Russia: ideology and industrial organization 1917-1921. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1984.
|
|
The battalion surgeon carries the United States Army rank of captain (O-3), major (O-4), or Navy rank of lieutenant (O-3) or lieutenant commander (O-4). During peace time, a limited amount of Army battalions actually have a physician or battalion surgeon. The exception is aviation, special operations, and stryker brigade support battalions; which routinely have a battalion surgeon. Additionally, US Army maneuver battalions in South Korea maintain their full complement of battalion surgeons.
|
|
In 1952, Shadduck spoke for Eisenhower's and his "I Like Ike" campaign, sharing a head table with the future president. She spoke in support of his peace time nuclear policy in a nationally televised speech at the Republican National Convention. In 1956 she made a run for United States Congress, against Democrat Gracie Pfost for the First District Congressional seat from Idaho. It was the first time in United States history where both major parties chose female candidates in a congressional race.
|
|
In 1941, Renton Technical College came into existence as a war production school. Throughout the duration of World War II, the College provided customized pre-employment training and job upgrading-retraining. After the war, the College became a state-funded vocational school with the mission of assisting industry in converting from a war-time to a peace-time economy. For the next 20 years, the College conducted a large number of upgrading- retraining classes and a small number of high quality training programs.
|
|
In 1948 the RAAFNS was reformed as a peace-time service. During the Korean War members of the RAAFNS served at the British Commonwealth Mobile Surgical Hospital in Seoul, and the Medical Air Evacuation Unit flew patients to Iwakuni from where they were taken by hospital train to the British Commonwealth General Hospital in Kure. Between 1950 and 1953, 12,762 Commonwealth casualties took this route. RAAFNS members also accompanied 728 patients on flights from Japan to Australia via Guam, Manila, or Port Moresby.
|
|
Robert Ensor, England, 1870–1914 (1936) pp. 7–17 The most important of Caldwell's reforms were the Army Enlistment Act of 1870, Regulation of the Forces Act of 1871, and the localization scheme of 1872. They provided the foundation for the late Victorian Army: short service, a reserve, and a comprehensive regimental system based on the local depot. He made other reforms as well such as the abolition of flogging in peace time, an increase in pay, and some improvement in living conditions.
|
|
Regarding war and peace, Haber once said, "during peace time a scientist belongs to the World, but during war time he belongs to his country." This was an example of the ethical dilemmas facing chemists at that time. Haber was a patriotic German who was proud of his service during World War I, for which he was decorated. He was even given the rank of captain by the Kaiser, which Haber had been denied 25 years earlier during his compulsory military service.
|
|
Gernreich may have chosen his use of the word monokini (mono meaning 'single') through back-formation by interpreting the bi of bikini as the Latin prefix bi- ('two'), denoting a two- piece swimsuit. But in fact the bikini swimsuit design was named by its inventor Louis Réard after the Bikini Atoll in the Pacific, five days after Operation Crossroads, the first peace-time test of nuclear weapons, took place there. Réard hoped his design would have a similarly explosive effect.
|
|
This move occurred during a period marked by severe defence budget cuts and internal reorganization. Although General John de Chastelain, Chief of Defence Staff, publicly disagreed with the minister on this decision, it is likely that the lack of an obvious role in the force structure outlined in the 1994 Defence White Paper, as well as a record of controversy during its peace-time history, allowed much of National Defence Headquarters leadership to tacitly concur with the minister's reaction to the Somalia Affair.
|
|
Her crew, during peace time, consisted of 29 officers and 429 enlisted men. Raleigh was powered by four Curtis steam turbines geared steam turbines, each driving one screw, using steam generated by 12 Yarrow boilers. The engines were designed to produce and reach a top speed of . She was designed to provide a range of at a speed of , but was only capable of at a speed of Raleighs main armament went through many changes while she was being designed.
|
|
De Virot was appointed as a second lieutenant in the régiment de Montmorin on 16 July 1735. Commissioning and promotion by purchase was common practice in the pre-revolutionary Royal Army. He reached the rank of captain on 20 May 1745 and that of lieutenant colonel of the régiment Royal-Corse in 1758. After distinguishing himself in the field and holding various garrison commands in peace-time France, de Virot was appointed governor of the Invalides in Paris on 16 December 1786.
|
|
At the outbreak of war, on 4 August 1914, the British regular army numbered 247,432 serving officers and other ranks. This did not include reservists liable to be recalled to the colours upon general mobilisation or the part-time volunteers of the Territorial Army. About one- third of the peace-time regulars were stationed in India and were not immediately available for service in Europe. For a century, British governmental policy and public opinion was against conscription for foreign wars.
|
|
This was, at the time, the deadliest peace-time disaster in the Navy's history. She left San Francisco on 15 April 1925 for war games held off Hawaii, after which she went on a cruise to Australia, returning to California on 26 September. The ship returned to the east coast in early 1931 for a major modernization at Norfolk Navy Yard that began on 30 March. This overhaul significantly changed the ship's profile by removing the original fore and aft lattice mast.
|
|
President Friedrich Ebert, Chancellor Gustav Bauer, and Defence Minister Gustav Noske were all members of the SPD. According to the constitution, the president was the commander-in-chief of the armed forces, represented in peace time by the Minister of Defence. The most senior officer of the land forces was called Chef der Heeresleitung, a post held in early 1920 by General Walther Reinhardt. Gustav Bauer was obliged to sign the Treaty of Versailles in 1919, even though he disagreed with it.
|
|
He died of natural causes on July 28, 1978. Only a private service was held after his death because of his request for only a simple ceremony where his favorite song, "Onward Christian Soldiers" was played. Indiana State Road 205, which runs from Garrett, through Churubusco and Columbia City, before ending in South Whitley, is called the Ralph F. Gates Memorial Highway. As a governor, Gates was responsible for helping the state to successfully transition from a war to peace time economy.
|
|
Custine began his career at the age of eight, in 1748, at the end of the War of Austrian Succession in Germany under Marshal Saxe, who continued his tutelage during peace time. During the Seven Years' War (1756-63), Custine served in the French army in the German states; in 1758, he was a captain of dragoons in the Schomberg regiment. Adam Philippe Custine, Mémoires sur les guerres de la République. Introduction by Charles Francois Dumouriez. Paris, Ladvocat, 1824. pp.ii-xii.
|
|
He developed as a poet during the years of the Great Patriotic War. His first anthology, Regiment Comrades (1944), sounded the courageous voice of an ordinary participant in great events, one who knows the harsh truth of war. The narrative poem The Remote Garrison(1950) tells of the everyday working life of the Soviet Army in peace time. Gudzenko is the author of the anthologies After theMarch (1947), Transcarpathian Verses (1948), and the cycle of poems Train to Tuva (1949).
|
|
Air Marshal Minoo Merwan Engineer, PVSM, MVC, DFC (1921–1997) was a former Air Officer in the Indian Air Force. He is one of the most decorated officers in the Indian Air Force, with the second-highest civil decoration - the Padma Bhushan, two gallantry awards - the Maha Vir Chakra and the Distinguished Flying Cross, and the highest peace-time distinguished service award - the Param Vishisht Seva Medal. His elder brother, Air Marshal Aspy Engineer served as the 4th Chief of the Air Staff.
|
|
A series of everyday people talk about their contributions to the war effort. A motor mechanic speaks about how he was working happily in 1939, not thinking much of the crisis in Europe; he subsequently began making aircraft and enlisted in the Volunteer Defence Force. The factory manager talks about how Australia has increased its industrial capacity and the high rates of tax necessary to pay for it. In peace time he was an engineer in charge of a cosmetics factory.
|
|
Lieutenant General Prabodh Chandra Bhardwaj, PVSM, AVSM, VrC, SC, VSM is a former General Officer of the Indian Army. He last served as the Vice Chief of Army Staff, having assumed office on 1 October 2009 following the retirement of Lieutenant General Noble Thamburaj. He also served as the General Officer Commanding-in-Chief Northern Command. He is one of the most decorated officers of the Indian Army, with a war-time gallantry award and a peace-time gallantry award to his name.
|
|
During 1940–1941, the peace-time period between the Winter War and the Continuation War, Liinakhamari was Finland's and Sweden's only route past the German and Soviet areas of influence. Ten thousand men were working along the Arctic Sea Road helping thousands of trucks to transport cargo from the northernmost railway station in Rovaniemi to Liinakhamari harbor. The trip was almost north along the narrow gravelled road, in the middle of sparsely inhabited Arctic taiga. During the Continuation War 1941–1944 Liinakhamari was governed by German forces.
|
|
Keir was formally retired from the British Army in July 1918, and wrote and published a book detailing his thoughts for the post-war future of the British Army, entitled A Soldier's-Eye View (1919). In it he called for "a true National army", alongside reforms to create a "National church".Keir, pp. 1-11 His suggested reforms included cutting the size of the peace-time regular forces, alongside significant reductions in cavalry forces, and reorganising the home and colonial forces for better efficiency.
|
|
There were also a number of U-boats stationed in naval bases in Norway, including 10 Mark XXI and 17 Mark XXIII models. Yet although Allied forces had entered Germany, and rumours and speculation were rife about a possible invasion of Norway, the Twentieth Mountain Army almost seemed to be at a peace-time status; Böhme had complained in January that there were some units in the Army that took Sunday off as a holiday, and that he could do little to stop it.
|
|
Following the end of the Second World War, BOAC converted its Sunderlands to a less-austere standard, more suitable for peace-time operations, and known as the "Hythe". The primitive bench seats were removed, with seats fitted for sixteen passengers on one deck in the initial H.1 configuration, with the addition of a promenade deck giving the H.2 configuration, while the H.3 layout had an additional eight seats. of mail could be carried. Engines were standardised as the Bristol Pegasus 38.
|
|
The result was a rout of the brigade after nine hours fighting, with nearly a quarter of the Scottish soldiers killed or wounded. In peace-time the major European armies persisted in training their infantry in close-order tactics that were to ensure very heavy casualties in August 1914. During the Battle of the Frontiers and the Battle of the Sambre the French attacked in shoulder to shoulder masses while at the Battle of Mons the German regiments went forward "as if advancing on a parade ground".
|
|
Further expansion of the network occurred in 1938 and 1940. The 1940 expansion resulted in the combination of lines 2 and 3 into a single line, which changed numbers halfway through the route. The two-designation system was necessitated by the fact that the new 2/3 line spooled back into itself, with the end of the line stop for "line 3" being located along the route of "line 2". Tram operations continued throughout World War II, with passenger numbers greatly exceeding those during peace-time.
|
|
During the Second World War, the War Office used a site near Trawsfynydd for training exercises. Its continued use for training exercises following the war was the subject of protest by Plaid Cymru, which also challenged the UK government's continued military conscription in peace time. Trawsfynydd used to be served by a section of the Great Western Railway branch line, which ran from Bala to Blaenau Ffestiniog. To the north of the station, the army built its own station to serve the large camp nearby.
|
|
It was reactivated 27 August 1955 at Fort Sill, Oklahoma and inactivated 19 February 1962 at Fort Knox, Kentucky, this was the only time that the unit would support a peace time mission. The 64th activated once again on 26 March 1963 at Fort Bragg, North Carolina, to serve during the Vietnam War until it was inactivated 16 June 1971 in Vietnam.(64th TC interview with LTC John M. Horvath) It remained deactivated for 35 years the unit activated 16 October 2008 at Fort Lee, Virginia.
|
|
The army thus issued peace time requirements for a new tank design. Rather than focusing on performance improvements, the Chief-of-Staff Operations made a lighter weight the main requirement in order to lower production costs. The finalised requirements were for a lighter weight tank that was capable of going 35 km/h, and armed with a 57 mm main gun. The Engineering Department believed that it was highly regrettable that their efforts would be devoted solely to weight reduction, so instead, two concurrent projects were built.
|
|
He is considered the founder of the family. John came from a clan bearing the coat of arms, "Jezierza", which has its beginnings among pre-Christian tribal warriors. In the ensuing centuries, scions of the family appear not only as landowners in the Mazovian province, but as holders of numerous civic roles and as magistrates (in Polish, Starosta), representatives to the Polish Sejm (diet or parliament). They were noted and honoured for their peace time contributions to the development of Polish society and culture.
|
|
VF-64 operating F4U-4s was assigned to Carrier Air Group 2 (CVG-2) aboard , off the Korean coast from 28 March to 9 June 1951. VF-21 embarked on its major deployment with the F3H-2 Demon on in mid-1958. In June 1961 VF-21 was reassigned to Miramar. It was here VF-21 transitioned to the F-4 Phantom in 1963 and between November of that year to March 1964 it would be the last peace-time cruise for the next 10 years.
|
|
Life imprisonment in Turkey is a legal form of punishment and the most severe form of punishment. In most cases life imprisonment replaced capital punishment. Law 4771 of 3 August 2002 abolished the death penalty for peace time and replaced capital punishment with life imprisonment for 17 provisions of the Turkish Penal Code.See the full text of Law 4771 on the page of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey; accessed on 12 May 2011 Law 5218 of 14 July 2004 abolished the death penalty completely.
|
|
Army uniforms consist primarily of a field uniform for use in environments where a durable material is required, a work uniform for use in normal service, usually within and around the camp area, and a binder uniform for use when on leave. There are also specially designed uniforms for personnel in special services. The army has used the present field uniform {M-75} since 1975. A camouflage pattern version of the field jacket was introduced for use in the peace-time army in 1988.
|
|
The organization he created, now known officially as the Philippine Scouts, continued to grow and eventually included members from other Philippine ethnic groups. By 1903 with the war over the Scouts consisted of multiple regiments with an aggregate strength of 5,000, 40 percent of the total peace-time U.S. Army garrison in the Philippines. By the eve of World War II the Scouts totaled 11,000 men and were organized as infantry, cavalry, and artillery regiments and were noted for their high standards of professionalism.
|
|
Hindenburg followed Groener on this issue and when Hindenburg resigned, Groener succeeded him. Groener, who expected to be made a scapegoat, began actively cooperating in this process to save the popular von Hindenburg's reputation, something Ebert immediately noticed. OHL was dissolved as a condition of the treaty and Groener temporarily took over command at Kolberg. He started to organise the establishment of the new peace- time (), arguing in favour of a high share of former general staff officers among the new leadership, including in the .
|
|
The Tribal-, or Type 81-class, frigates were developed in the mid-1950s as a General Purpose frigate, capable of use in both anti-submarine and anti- aircraft duties in a full scale war, while serving for Cold War policing duties in peace-time, in particular to replace the old s serving in the Persian Gulf. thumb The Tribals were long overall and beam of . The ship's hull had a draught of , with the propeller increasing overall draught to . Displacement was standard and full load.
|
|
Later, he served in Bavarian army during the War of the Austrian Succession. In 1748 he came to the notice of Prince Henry, and enter Prussian service for the Seven Years' War, where he led an autonomous corps in many raids and skirmishes that wrought havoc on the Austrian forces. His incursion over Prussia's border with Bohemia in 1778 was the opening action of the War of the Bavarian Succession. In peace time, he devoted his efforts to training light infantry, developing an autonomous corps of skirmishers.
|
|
As he reported to Yichang, he went through Weibo Circuit, and the women wore grand clothing as if they were in peace time. Le Congxun, the son of Weibo's military governor Le Yanzhen, was enticed, and stationed several hundred soldiers near Weibo's capital Wei Prefecture (). They ambushed Wang's procession and killed Wang and some 300 of his staff members, seizing Wang's wealth and women. Le Yanzhen submitted a report blaming bandits for Wang's death, and the greatly weakened Tang court could do nothing about it.
|
|
The Guard operates SAR helicopters that are often used in inland SAR, in assistance of a local fire and rescue department or other authorities. The border guard's active duty personnel consists of 3,800 men and women. The Finnish Border Guard has also 500 conscripts who are not used for border control during peace time. Upon mobilisation the Border Guard would be wholly or partly incorporated into the Finnish Defence Forces and its strength increased with reservists who have served their conscription in the border guard.
|
|
Her peace time crew numbered 1,800 officers and enlisted men, but during the war the crew swelled to 99 officers and 2,035 enlisted. The ship was armed with a main battery of nine 16 in /45 caliber Mark 6 guns in a trio of three-gun turrets on the centerline, two of which were placed in a superfiring pair forward, with the third aft. The secondary battery consisted of twenty /38 caliber dual purpose guns mounted in twin turrets clustered amidships, five turrets on either side.
|
|
Naik Rambeer Singh Tomar, AC (15 August 1970 - 3 March 2001) was an Indian Army Non Commissioned Officer (NCO) with the 15th Battalion of the Kumaon Regiment. For his bravery, he was posthumously awarded the Ashoka Chakra, the highest peace time military decoration in India. While being sent on deputation to 26 Rashtriya Rifles in Jammu and Kashmir, Tomar single-handedly searched a house for terrorists. In the process, he killed four of them but sustained severe gunshot wounds and succumbed to his injuries.
|
|
In the mid-15th century, after the Ottoman conquests, the martolos were used as armed police. They usually worked locally as peace-time border patrols, fortress guards, security for mines, strategic road guards (derbend), and they were occasionally used as soldiers during war, or tax collectors. They were somewhat similar to another Ottoman organization, the Voynuks, recruited in South Slavic territories, initially tasked with the defense and security, then later used as auxiliary transportation units. Due to their positions, they were allowed and able to hold timars.
|
|
Although the division was mobilized by other units, it was in peace time grouped together with the military area staff. When the division staff was raised, it came to be co-located with the Eastern Military Area Staff at Stureplan in Stockholm. In 1949, the two staffs were moved to the barracks of the Life Regiment of Horse (Livregementets till häst, K 1) at Lidingövägen 28 in Stockholm. On 14 June 1963, both staff were transferred to a new property complex in Strängnäs Garrison.
|
|
Even if all of > one's antecedents had been convicted of treason, the Constitution forbids > its penalties to be visited upon him. But here is an attempt to make an > otherwise innocent act a crime merely because this prisoner is the son of > parents as to whom he had no choice, and belongs to a race from which there > is no way to resign. If Congress in peace-time legislation should enact such > a criminal law, I should suppose this Court would refuse to enforce it.
|
|
Her peace-time crew numbered 1,800 officers and enlisted men, but the crew swelled to 99 officers and 2,035 enlisted during the war. Illustration of North Carolinas main battery turret and barbette structure The ship was armed with a main battery of nine 16 in /45 caliber Mark 6 guns guns in three triple-gun turrets on the centerline, two of which were placed in a superfiring pair forward, with the third aft. The secondary battery consisted of twenty /38 caliber dual purpose guns mounted in twin turrets clustered amidships, five turrets on either side.
|
|
Dorney Lake, location of Wallingford Regatta Wallingford Regatta is a rowing regatta which takes place on Dorney Lake, Buckinghamshire near Eton next to the River Thames in southern England. It attracts crews from schools, clubs and universities from around the United Kingdom. The regatta was formerly "Wallingford Skiff Regatta" the only organised boating in 1949 on the Wallingford stretch of the Thames above Cleeve Lock. It had taken place every year in peace time since the late 1890sWallingford Rowing Club and there is evidence that it existed as early as 1861.
|
|
With Britain involved in the French revolutionary wars, Governor King was concerned that Bass Strait could harbour enemy raiders, and that in peace time it could provide an important trade route and trading base. The appearance of Baudin's ships served to reinforce the concern that France was interested in the area. King was also looking for an alternative settlement for the increasing number of convicts in Sydney and to reduce the pressure on food resources. Port Phillip, with a favourable climate and rich fishing and sealing resources, seemed an ideal location for another settlement.
|
|
The present day reality is the reverse, with some folk owning > hundreds of thousands of acres and others owning none. There’s talk of > community in war time. We can be ordered to go and fight and die for Queen > and country. In peace time is it too much to ask for just a few square yards > of our green and pleasant land to rear our children on? That’s all we want, > myself and the squatters and travellers and other people in the many > projects I’ve been involved with.
|
|
The death penalty has not been implemented in Turkey since 1984. Turkey abolished the sentence for peace time offences in 2002 and for all offences in 2004. The sentence was replaced by aggravated life imprisonment (ağırlaştırılmış müebbet hapis cezası). According to Article 9 of Law 5275 on the Execution of SentencesAn online edition of Law 5275 (in Turkish on pages of the Turkish Government); accessed on 10 September 2009 these prisoners are held in individual cells in high security prisons and are allowed to exercise in a neighbouring yard one hour per day.
|
|
In 1616, Louis XIII of France gave an existing regiment of Swiss infantry the name of Gardes suisses (Swiss Guards). The new regiment had the primary role of protecting the doors, gates and outer perimeters of the various royal palaces. By the end of the 17th century the Swiss Guards were formally part of the Maison militaire du roi. As such they were brigaded with the Regiment of French Guards (Gardes Françaises), with whom they shared the outer guard, and were in peace-time stationed in barracks on the outskirts of Paris.
|
|
Chris Rice , quoted in Munayer SalimJ, Loden Lisa, Through My Enemy's Eyes: Envisioning Reconciliation in Israel-Palestine, quote: "The Palestinian-Israeli divide may be the most intractable conflict of our time."Virginia Page Fortna, Peace Time: Cease-fire Agreements and the Durability of Peace, p.67, "Britain's contradictory promises to Arabs and Jews during World WarI sowed the seeds of what would become the international community's most intractable conflict later in the century."Avner Falk, Fratricide in the Holy Land: A Psychoanalytic View of the Arab-Israeli Conflict, Chapter1, p.
|
|
Maximov was born in Tsarskoye Selo, an upper class suburb of St. Petersburg, the son of a Russian naval officer and a Swedish aristocrat. During his youth, he studied at the Institute of Technology and the law faculty of St. Petersburg University. In 1869, Maximov joined the Imperial Russian Army as an officer in His Majesty's Cuirassier Life Guard Regiment after passing the officer's exam. The boring and routine-bound life of an officer in peace-time proved to be difficult for Maximov who had a hyper-active personality which led him to crave action.
|
|
Vireo served at Sasebo, Japan, as a unit of MinRon for almost a decade and one-half. Her 14 years and months in the Far East can be divided into two easily discernible periods. The first eight years, from June 1956 to July 1964, were devoted entirely to peace time operations out of Sasebo. These included minesweeping exercises with other ships of the United States Navy and with units of the Japanese Maritime Self Defense Force as well as with navies of the Republic of Korea, Taiwan, and Thailand.
|
|
Peace Revolution runs a forty-two-day online self-development program based on its "Peace In, Peace Out" philosophy, which focuses on meditation, daily self-discipline to deepen meditation experiences, and other activities for self-reflection. Subject matter discussed include incorporating meditation into one's daily life, the relation between body and mind, the training of habits, karma, a culture of peace and conflict resolution. Meditation, referred to as Inner Peace Time on the platform, makes up the central theme of Peace Revolution's activities. The meditation technique used on the platform is Dhammakaya meditation.
|
|
Kelly was posthumously awarded the Distinguished Service Cross For "extraordinary heroism" and "selfless bravery". Kelly had earlier in peace time also been awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross. The United States Junior Chamber of Commerce posthumously gave its 1941 distinguished service award to Kelly on January 22, 1942, in Chicago. The award is given annually to the man under 35 years of age who has rendered the “most significant” service to the nation.United Press, “Capt. Kelly Honored By Junior Chamber,” The San Bernardino Daily Sun, San Bernardino, California, Friday 23 January 1942, Volume 48, page 12.
|
|
On October 5, 1804, in peace time, while sailing to Spain in command of four frigates Bustamante was attacked and captured by a British squadron without any declaration of war between U.K. and Spain. He was eventually released and faced a Spanish court-martial, but emerged untainted. That incident supposed that the 14 of December 1804 Spain formally declared the war to Great Britain and allied itself with France in its plan of invasion of Great Britain (Napoleonic Wars). In 1810 he was appointed Captain General of Guatemala.
|
|
The 8th Fighter Squadron is an active United States Air Force squadron, assigned to the 54th Fighter Group Air Education and Training Command, stationed at Holloman Air Force Base, New Mexico. It currently operates the General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon aircraft, conducting initial training, transition and instructor upgrades training. The squadron have a proud lineage of aircraft and assignments. The origin of the 8th Fighter Squadron can be traced back to 1940, and since then, the squadron has served in several war and peace time assignments across the globe.
|
|
Archie Lamont, How Scots opposed the peace time call-up, p.23 That year, Brown claimed £3000 in damages from the Scottish Daily Mail, after it claimed that he was linked to an unsuccessful effort to blow up a new postbox marked "EIIR", in objection to the regnal number, the new queen being the first Elizabeth to rule in Scotland. He lost the case.Timothy Neat, Hamish Henderson: the making of the poet At the 1959 general election, the SNP selected Brown as their Prospective Parliamentary Candidate for Hamilton.
|
|
The Tribal-, or Type 81-class, frigates were developed in the mid-1950s as a General Purpose frigate, capable of use in both anti-submarine and anti-aircraft duties in a full-scale war, while serving for Cold War policing duties in peace-time, in particular to replace the old s serving in the Persian Gulf. The Tribals were long overall and between perpendiculars, with a beam of . The ship's hull had a draught of , with the propeller increasing overall draught to . Displacement was standard and full load.
|
|
From October 1957 to August 1959, MCB 7 set a record by remaining deployed to three isolated islands in the West Indies, completing the largest construction project ever undertaken by a peace time Atlantic Construction Battalion. This project consisted of two complete Coast Guard LORAN Stations. In 1961 the battalion was ordered to Guantanamo Bay, Cuba in support of the base's ground defense force. In addition to the defense mission, MCB 7, together with her sister battalion MCB 4, constructed more than 20 miles of perimeter roads and other base facilities in record time.
|
|
Orders & Medals Research Society Journal, Vol 50 No 1, pages 33–35, March 2011. In 1950, King George VI granted permission for the issue of a Royal Observer Corps Medal for twelve years continuous service. Each subsequent period of twelve years was recognised by the award of a clasp depicting a winged crown attached to the medal ribbon. Peace time service by full-time officers was calculated at a rate of 50% for qualifying years, thereby requiring up to twenty four years service to qualify for a medal or subsequent clasp.
|
|
Tukaram Omble AC ( 1954 – 27 November 2008) was a Mumbai police officer and army soldier, who served as assistant sub-inspector (ASI) of the Mumbai Police. He was martyred in action while fighting terrorists during the 2008 Mumbai attacks, at Girgaum Chowpatty Mumbai, and was instrumental in apprehending Ajmal Kasab alive. The lone surviving terrorist Kasab was later convicted and hanged. The Indian government posthumously honoured Omble, on 26 January 2009, with the Ashoka Chakra – the country's highest peace-time gallantry award for extraordinary bravery and valour in the line of duty.
|
|
Rashid Ali Malik was President and Chief Executive Officer of a leading security company named Security 2000, headquartered in Karachi, Pakistan. He served in the Pakistan Army for 32 years, participated in two wars and for eminent service received 17 medals for war and peace-time service, 2 Commendations from the Chief of Army Staff and the Army Chief Gold Medal. From 1993 to 1995, he was Chairman of the Regional ICAO Hijacking Council. He died on 1 October 2017 in Karachi after fighting a Brain Tumor for 6 months.
|
|
Frederick 'Fred' Charles was an English footballer who played as an inside forward for Sheffield United in the Football League along with spells at Doncaster Rovers and Castleford Town. During World War I he returned to Sheffield and guested for his old club on a number of occasions, ironically featuring more than he ever had in peace time games. He also made a number of guest appearances for a number of clubs playing against United who had found themselves a player short, including Grimsby Town, Notts County, Birmingham and Hull City.
|
|
His overseas service was during peace time. In his last several assignments, he was a special agent with the Naval Criminal Investigation Service (NCIS). Judge Keegan received his undergraduate education at the United States Military Academy, West Point, New York, and Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona and has a master's degree in planning from the Defense Intelligence Agency graduate program. He completed post- graduate studies in strategic planning at the Naval War College, Newport, Rhode Island, and in public policy at the Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University.
|
|
Peace-time and war-time organisation of national defence is determined by the National Defence Act. The supreme commander of national defence is the President of the Republic. The president is advised by the National Defence Council, which consists of the President of the Parliament, Chairman of the National Defence Committee, Chairman of the Foreign Affairs Committee, the Prime Minister with other ministers and the Commander of the Defence Forces. Planning, development and organisation of national defence is coordinated by the Security Committee of the Government of the Republic.
|
|
The post-war authorities proscribed the party and prosecuted its members as collaborators. Nearly 50,000 were brought to trial, approximately half of whom received prison sentences. The authorities executed Quisling for treason as well as a few other high-profile NS members, and prominent German officials in Norway, for war crimes. The sentences' lawfulness has been questioned, however, as Norway did not have capital punishment in peace-time, and the Norwegian constitution at the time stipulated that capital punishment for war crimes had to be carried out during actual wartime.
|
|
On 23 November 1870, Bismarck had reached an agreement with the representative of the Bavarian Government on their acceptance to the German Empire. Bismarck made major concessions to Bavaria (its own post and telecommunication systems, its own railways and its own army during peace time). He returned from the negotiations that "Now the Bavarian agreement has been finished and signed. German unity has been made and the emperor also".Otto von Bismarck, Werke in Auswahl, Bd. IV, Die Reichsgründung, Zweiter Teil: 1866–1871, Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, Darmstadt 2001, , S. 576, Nr. 327.
|
|
The Strategic Services Unit was an intelligence agency of the United States government that existed in the immediate post–World War II period. It was created from the Secret Intelligence and Counter-Espionage branches of the wartime Office of Strategic Services. Assistant Secretary of War John J. McCloy was instrumental in preserving the two branches of the OSS as a going- concern with a view to forming a permanent peace-time intelligence agency. The unit was established on October 1, 1945 through Executive Order 9621, which simultaneously abolished the OSS.
|
|
They are predominantly used to patrol the coast off Troms, Finnmark and the Barents Sea, including the seas off Svalbard. The Coast Guard's main task is to assert and uphold Norwegian sovereignty over its inland waters, territorial waters and exclusive economic zone (EEZ).Terjesen: 462 Its structure is centred around a peace-time role,Terjesen: 473 and is part of the Royal Norwegian Navy.Terjesen: 463 The helicopters thereby assist in roles relating inspection and assistance of the fishing fleet, removing foreign objects at sea,Jansen: 105 and search and rescue missions.
|
|
However, in 1921 he attracted the attention of his parliamentary colleagues over the matter of the Commonwealth Line. Nationalist Prime Minister Billy Hughes, now a peace-time leader, had declined in popularity within the party due to his left-wing domestic policies. The Commonwealth Line had been created by the Hughes government as a state-owned concern to ship Australian goods during World War I when British and domestic commercial shipping were unavailable. However its post-war existence was extensively criticised by Bruce as inappropriate and inefficient, and many of his economically conservative colleagues agreed.
|
|
The Coast Guard's main task is to assert and uphold Norwegian sovereignty over its inland waters, territorial waters and exclusive economic zone (EEZ). Its structure is centered around a peace-time role, with judicial basis in the Coast Guard Act (Kystvaktloven) of 1997. It states that the authority of the Coast Guard lies with the primary agency responsible for a situation and that the Coast Guard's powers supplement these. However, the Coast Guard also holds a series of independent capabilities in which it can take action without external instruction.
|
|
Dönitz ordered immediate offensive operations off the East Coast of the United States. Codenamed Operation Drumbeat (Unternehmen Paukenschlag), the U-boat fleet inflicted the largest naval defeat on the United States Navy in history. Though few in number at the beginning—just five—the U-boats pressed home attacks close to the shore, from Newfoundland to the Gulf of Mexico. The American failure to initialise a blackout, ship captains' insistence on following peace-time procedures, and lack of effective naval defences contributed to high losses. 397 ships were sunk during Drumbeat.
|
|
17–30 In the immediate post war period the 1st Airborne Division was disbanded leaving the 6th as the only airborne division in the British Army.Ferguson, p. 31 Near the end of 1945, the division was named the Imperial Strategic Reserve and posted to the Middle East and deployed in an internal security role, during unrest in the British mandate of Palestine. By 1948, the British Army numbers had returned to peace time levels and the division was disbanded leaving the independent 2nd Parachute Brigade as the only regular army airborne formation.
|
|
For his bravery in Naga Insurgency in 1968, Jas Ram Singh was awarded India's highest peace time gallantry award Ashoka Chakra. On 30 October 1969, he was granted a permanent commission as a lieutenant in the Special List of the Indian Army with seniority from 29 April 1967 (seniority as second lieutenant from 29 April 1965 and seniority for pay from 13 October 1963). He was promoted to captain on 29 April 1972, and was further promoted to major on 7 February 1980. He retired as an honorary lieutenant-colonel on 28 February 1990.
|
|
Norby was of poor Funen nobility, probably born between the late 1460s and the early 1480s. The first mention of Norby is as a sailor for Swedish regent Svante Nilsson Sture during peace time in 1504. In 1507, he was a captain for Hans I of Denmark and pillaged Åland. Norby commandeered the largest ship of Hans' fleet during the war against Sweden and Lübeck from 1507 to 1512, and served alongside Jens Holgersen Ulfstand. In 1510, Norby received a letter of marque from Hans, allowing him to commit piracy on all enemy vessels.
|
|
Although the division was mobilized by other units, it was in peace time grouped together with the military district staff. When the division staff was raised, it came to be co-located with the Eastern Military District Staff at Stureplan in Stockholm. In 1949, the two staffs were moved to the barracks of the Life Regiment of Horse (Livregementets till häst, K 1) at Lidingövägen 28 in Stockholm. On 14 June 1963, both staff were transferred to a new property complex in Strängnäs Garrison, where it was located in various forms until 2005.
|
|
The cooperation of workers would be secured by the common interest in the ideal of full employment. The book was written in the context of an economy which would have to transfer from wartime direction to peace time. Government direction of labour (under the Essential Works Order) would cease, and workers would have a free choice of occupation. Beveridge argued that pre-war unemployment, that hit great heights during the 1930s depression, was due to ineffective demand for industrial products, imperfect labour mobility and general labour market disorganisation.
|
|
Canadian Pacific had been granted a subsidy agreement with the British government for the construction of three new "Empress" steamers, which would serve as mail ships in peace time and auxiliary cruisers in time of war. The SS Victoria with her hull painted white The Guion Line returned Parthia to John Elder & Co., where the ship underwent a massive refit. Following the refit, she only sported two masts and was renamed Victoria. Guion subsequently sold Victoria to the Northern Pacific Steamship Company, which placed Victoria in service between Hong Kong and Tacoma, Washington.
|
|
Two events shaped the evolution of the RKKA rifle divisions during the initial period of the Second World War: the decision in 1938 to reorganise the Army, in part due to and following the repressions of the officer corps in 1937, and the 1939 campaign in Poland, and later war against Finland. In the course of the Second World War the Soviet Union's Red Army raised over four hundred and fifty numbered rifle divisions (infantry). Usually the rifle divisions were controlled by the higher headquarters of the rifle corps. But scores of these formations were reformed several times; the total number of divisional formations formed may have been as high as 2,000, according to Craig Crofoot. On 22 June 1941 the Red Army had 103 divisions in the western military districts, of which 70 were organised according to peace-time TO&E; 04/100 with 10-thousand bayonet strength (actual number of rifles 7,818), but brought up to the 12-thousand strength (TO&E; 04/400), with another six at the 11-thousand strength. Another 78 rifle divisions in the interior military districts were organised according to peace-time TO&E; 04/120 6-thousand (5,864) bayonet strength (actual number of rifles 3,685).
|
|
"Now, the Cod Peace", Time, June 14, 1976. p. 37 During these disputes, Iceland threatened closure of the U.S. base at Keflavík, and the withdrawal of its NATO membership. Due to Iceland's strategic importance during the Cold War, it was important for the U.S. and NATO to maintain the base on Icelandic soil and to keep Iceland as a member of NATO. While the Icelandic government did follow through on its threat to break off diplomatic relations with the UK during the Third Cod War, it never went through on its threats to close the U.S. base or to withdraw from NATO.
|
|
The son eventually becomes a district administrator in a Moravian town. As a father, the second Baron Trotta (still ignorant of why his war-hero father thwarted his military ambitions) sends his own son to become a cavalry officer; grandfather's legend determines grandson's life. The cavalry officer's career of the third Baron Trotta comprises postings throughout the Austro-Hungarian Empire and a dissipated life of wine, women, song, gambling, and dueling, off-duty pursuits characteristic of the military officer class in peace-time. Following a fatal duel the young Trotta transfers from the socially elite Uhlans to a less prestigious Jäger regiment.
|
|
In time this would lead the Hartwig family to file a $12 million lawsuit against the Navy. Iowa captain Fred Moosally was severely criticized for his handling of the matter, and as a result of the incident the Navy changed the powder- handling procedures for its battleships. The incident remains one of the surface Navy's worst losses of life during peacetime operations.Although the worst loss of life in peace time, the turret explosion aboard Iowa in 1989 is tied with the 1924 explosion in the No. 2 turret aboard the battleship , which also claimed 47 lives.
|
|
The Norwegian Armed Forces (, "The Defence") is the military organisation responsible for the defence of Norway. It consists of four branches, the Norwegian Army, the Royal Norwegian Navy, which includes the Coast Guard, the Royal Norwegian Air Force, and the Home Guard, as well as several joint departments. The military force in peace time is around 23,250 personnel including military and civilian staff, and around 63,250 in total with the current military personnel, conscripts and the Norwegian Home Guard in full mobilization. An organised military was first assembled in Norway in the 9th century and was early focused around naval warfare.
|
|
This peace-time testing of the bomb was far more extensive than could be carried out prior to its wartime deployment. A total of 76 Disneys were dropped on Heligoland, loaded with a variety of explosive charges, composed of shellite, RDX, TNT or Picratol. Thirty-four Disneys were dropped on Valentin, 12 with the rockets inactivated and 22 with the rockets firing. A further four had been previously dropped on a bomb range at Orford Ness to test their accuracy, and to make sure none would land outside the safety exclusion zone that was set up around Valentin during the trials.
|
|
Dönitz put the successes down to the American failure to initialize a blackout along the East Coast of the United States and ship captains' insistence on following peace-time safety procedures. The failure to implement a blackout stemmed from the American government's concern it would affect tourism trade. Dönitz wrote in his memoirs that the lighthouses and buoys "shone forth, though perhaps a little less brightly than usually". By the time improved American air and naval defences had driven German submarines from American shores, 5,000 Allied sailors had been killed for negligible losses in U-Boats.
|
|
Army division areas of the Swedish Army in 1908. The concept of arméfördelning ("army division"), originally only fördelning ("division") began to be used after the beginning of the 19th century, and was introduced in 1889 as a term also in the peace-time organization. Through the 1892 and 1897 changes made in the organization of the army, the artillery was also placed under the commanding officers of the army divisions. An army division then, apart from some exceptions, consisted of four infantry, one cavalry and one artillery regiment, and one service corps, for which at war, engineer troops were added.
|
|
Directed by Lieutenant Colonel C.V. King, the regiment continued to undergo peace-time training but was largely inactive throughout the 1950s. In 1961, the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland initiated a thorough reorganisation of the armed forces, and Southern Rhodesian Armoured Cars was reduced to a single squadron. Unit personnel initially shared a base with the Rhodesian Light Infantry near Bulawayo before being deployed to Ndola under the command of a Major P.F. Miller, where they remained throughout the Congo Crisis. During this period regimental colours in cerise and old gold were adopted, commemorating a longstanding affiliation with the 11th Hussars.
|
|
Korean infantrymen wore a Chinese-style hat and helmet, but no armor. The standard Korean sword was the Hwando, a curved sword commonly used by Joseon soldiers during peace time that is shorter, but lighter than its Japanese counterpart. A uniquely Korean weapon was the flail, a -long hardwood stick, painted red, acting as the handle for a chain attached to a shaft with iron nails. Joseon infantrymen often fought as archers, and a Japanese source from 1592 commented Koreans were superior as soldiers to the Japanese only as archers because their bows had a range of against the of Japanese archers.
|
|
Oldenburg and the rest of the fleet then fell into a pattern of individual ship, squadron, and full fleet exercises over the next two years of peace-time training. The annual summer cruise to Norway began on 14 July 1914, despite the rising international tensions following the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria. During the last peacetime cruise of the Imperial Navy, the fleet conducted drills in the Skagerrak before proceeding to the Norwegian fjords on 25 July. The following day the fleet began to steam back to Germany due to Austria-Hungary's ultimatum to Serbia.
|
|
Huske was appointed lieutenant governor of Hurst Castle in July 1721; Cadogan's death in 1726, and the slow pace of promotion in peace time meant by 1739, he was still a major. When the War of the Austrian Succession began in December 1740, he became colonel of the 32nd Foot; transferred to Flanders, he was badly wounded commanding a brigade at Dettingen in June 1743. Now chiefly remembered as the last time a British monarch led troops in battle, Huske was promoted major general in July, appointed colonel of the 23rd Foot, and made Governor of Sheerness in 1745.
|
|
During the Second World War, the War Office used a site near Bronaber up in the Ranges for training exercises. There is a part of a river named after the training area called 'Llyn Soldiers' which means 'Soldiers Lake' Its continued use for training exercises following the war was the subject of protest by Plaid Cymru, which also challenged the UK government's continued military conscription in peace time. Other locations in Wales used for training exercises included Preseli Hills and Tregaron. The village has a high proportion of Welsh language speakers (96.9%), and is accordingly in the top five Welsh communities in Gwynedd.
|
|
The incident – known as the C23 tragedy and the worst peace-time accident suffered by Maltese services personnel – killed five AFM soldiers and two policemen when illegal fireworks about to be dumped into the sea exploded on the bow of the small patrol boat. The AFM retained P23 as a memorial to those killed in the explosion. P23 was also depicted on a Maltese postage stamp commemorating the island's maritime heritage on 10 August 2011. Swift boats are still active in the Vietnam People's Navy, who obtained a number of vessels from the Republic of Vietnam's naval forces.
|
|
Tryon reported that in the event of war, stores immediately available at Gibraltar might be vitally important to the fleet, and that at such a time it would be virtually impossible to get back storage space relinquished in peace time. He was one of the few at that time to recognise the port's strategic significance for the fleet. Surprise returned to England to pay off at Plymouth Sound in April 1866. On arrival, Tryon found waiting his promotion to post-captain on 11 April 1866, which he had achieved by the comparatively early age of 34.
|
|
As a result, the Brigade must train to meet both Federal and State training requirements. The mission of the 194th Engineer Brigade (Theater Army) is to command assigned and attached engineer units and coordinate the engineer construction activities with the appropriate command. The peace time mission of the 194th Engineer Brigade (TA), and all assigned units, is training to attain and maintain the highest state of readiness possible, and to provide equipment and manpower in emergencies as directed by the Military Department of Tennessee. The unit was activated as an entity of the Tennessee Army National Guard on 1 November 1973.
|
|
In 1937, the staff agency "Chief of the Army" (, CA) was created to lead the army in peace time. The CA would under the King in Council exercise the highest military leadership of the Land Defense (). At his side, the CA had an Army Staff to assist the CA in his duties. Before 1937 the Chief of the General Staff was considered to be the Chief of Army, but he was not usually to the rank of chief, but formally only the king's chief of staff in his capacity as Supreme Commander of the Swedish Armed Forces.
|
|
That 1938–39 season is notable for Davison as he made the purchase of Jimmy Hagan for £2,500 in November 1938, probably his best ever signing. Davison remained in charge at Bramall Lane throughout the war years, with the team winning the Football League North in 1945–46. The return to peace time football saw United relegated from Division One in 1948–49 and then denied an immediate return the following season by city rivals Wednesday on goal average. Two mid table finishes and a failure to get a quick return to Division One saw Davison resign as United manager in August 1952.
|
|
The State Government announced a reward of ₹ 10 lakh (10,00,000rupees) and recommended him for the Presidential Gallantry Award. He was given a State funeral with gun salute and police honours. On 26 January 1992, Srinivas was posthumously awarded the second highest peace time gallantry award the Kirti Chakra, received by his mother from the President of India at the Defence Investiture Ceremony held at Rashtrapathi Bhavan. For Srinivas, the most fitting tribute came from the fact that grief over his death was most palpable at Gopinatham village where he was seen not a mere government functionary but as a social reformer.
|
|
With the Nazi invasion of the Soviet Union, the pro-Soviet activists within the APM again reversed their previous agenda almost overnight, now demanding immediate U.S. entry into the war.Purely for Peace, Time, July 14, 1941 APM changed its name yet again, to the American Peoples' Mobilization.American Peoples Mobilization Collected Records, 1940-1941, Peace Collection, Swarthmore College. While the Communist Party and its various "pro-peace" front organizations completely reversed their position on the war the moment the pact was violated, the non-interventionists of America First continued their opposition until the U.S. was attacked on December 7.
|
|
The army has been involved in four wars with neighbouring Pakistan and one with China. Other major operations undertaken by the army include Operation Vijay, Operation Meghdoot, and Operation Cactus. The army has conducted large peace time exercises such as Operation Brasstacks and Exercise Shoorveer, and it has also been an active participant in numerous United Nations peacekeeping missions, including those in Cyprus, Lebanon, Congo, Angola, Cambodia, Vietnam, Namibia, El Salvador, Liberia, Mozambique, South Sudan, and Somalia. The Indian Army is operationally and geographically divided into seven commands, with the basic field formation being a division.
|
|
General J.F.C. Fuller considered switching the budget for the development of the Medium D to a further production of Medium C's so as to fully equip all peace-time tank battalions with this better tank, but decided against it. Only the 2nd Tank Battalion received the tank. As it was the most modern materiel of the Tank Corps, it was carefully kept from harm: no Medium C's were sent either with the Expedition Forces against the Bolsheviks in Russia or to the Anglo-Irish War. The only tanks participating in the 1919 victory parade were four Medium C's.
|
|
After the outbreak of the Polish Defensive War on 1 September, Rayski was evacuated from Warsaw along with the rest of the Commander in Chief's staff. As the army's peace-time administration ceased to exist, he was given the task of evacuation of the gold reserves of the Bank of Poland. The gold convoyed out from Warsaw later became the crucial part of the treasury of the Polish Government in Exile. However, despite his constant pleas he was not allowed to join the fights and instead, after the Soviet invasion of Poland, on 18 September he crossed the border with Romania.
|
|
Staniša Marković (; 1664–1740), known as Mlatišuma (Млатишума), was a Habsburg Serbian obor-kapetan of Kragujevac. He had joined the Austrians in the Austro- Turkish War of 1716–18, and after the victorious war and occupation of central Serbia (the Kingdom of Serbia) he was given the rank of obor-kapetan, governing Kragujevac, and commanding the Serbian Militia (1718–39) alongside Vuk Isaković. In peace-time, he was sent to what is today Montenegro to incite an anti-Ottoman rebellion; a short-lived uprising broke out in which his personal unit participated. In 1734–35 he founded the Drača Monastery in Kragujevac.
|
|
The kusarigama's role as a battlefield weapon was limited, as it required an open area in which to swing the chain and weight. The ability to use the chain effectively was slim on a crowded battlefield and even tall grass and tree-branches could prevent the chain from being swung properly. The kusarigama found its main usage in peace-time for law-enforcement or duels in less hindering environments. As a practical weapon, the scythe-part of the IR-kusarigama is used to strike, slash or thrust at various parts of an opponent's body, including neck, hands, wrists and solar plexus.
|
|
Bühler played a major part in the 1992 alternate history Fatherland, written by Robert Harris. In the novel, Nazi Germany continued to fight the Soviet Union well into the 1960s and had hopes of building an alliance and ending its Cold War with the United States. Bühler continued to serve in the novel in the General Government until 1951, when he was wounded by Polish resistance and was forced to retire. The discovery of Bühler's corpse in the Havel at the beginning of the novel sparks the investigation by the protagonist, Xavier March, a major in the now peace-time SS police force.
|
|
Promoted to lieutenant general in 1898 Cadorna subsequently held a number of senior staff and divisional/corps command positions. On the eve of Italy's entry into World War (1915) he was close to peace-time retirement age and had a history of differences with his political and military superiors. Cadorna had been offered the post of Chief of Staff for the first time in 1908, which he had rejected over the issue of political control during wartime. He was again offered the position in July 1914, as the Triple Entente and Central Powers girded for war.
|
|
Lyons with the National Defence Council in 1938 Lyons had no previous experience in international relations or diplomacy, but as prime minister took a keen interest in foreign relations and exerted significant influence over the government's foreign policy. His government pursued what has been called a policy of "appeasement and rearmament". Increases in Australia's defence budget in the years before World War II made him "the greatest peace-time rearmer in Australian history", and saw the military rebuilt after severe funding cuts during the Great Depression. Lyons had pacifist leanings and was keen to avoid a repeat of the First World War.
|
|
This in conjunction with the recession of 1949 caused the railroad to shut down in 1955. Most of the buildings and infrastructure owned by the railroad were abandoned, and has subsequently been salvaged or left to erode away. Saxton was chosen to be the home of the Saxton Nuclear Generating Station, the nation's fourth nuclear power plant, which was commissioned in 1961. It was one of the first test facilities for peace-time plutonium use, as well as cooling methods that would be used to relieve meltdown situations such as the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster in 2011.
|
|
As the traditional role of riflemen was that of marksmen and skirmishers who attacked behind the cover of trees, a dark green uniform was adopted as an early form of camouflage, as opposed to the colorful uniforms worn by other soldiers of the period. The vegetable based dyes used during the 18th and early 19th centuries were not fast, frequently fading after exposure to the elements to lighter shades of green or even brown. While this had advantages in terms of reduced visibility on active service, it did not make for a smart appearance on the peace-time parade ground.
|
|
Provide a larger force intelligence capability within the Marine Corps reserves in accordance with the Department of Defense (DoD) initiative to reshape the total force. The ISB provides over 200 new Select Marine Corps Reserve (SMCR) intelligence Marines through three companies of trained intelligence specialists to support Marine Corps Intelligence Activity (MCIA) in DoD Intelligence Production Program (DoDIPP) requirements. During peace time, reservists from the ISB drill at 12 of the 27 Joint Reserve Intelligence Centers (JRICs). During times of contingencies or crises, these Marines can be activated in place, providing reach-back capability, or can be deployed with their active duty counterparts.
|
|
A Finnish speciality was that sotilasmestari was ranked higher in Finnish army than vänrikki (Second Lieutenant) in peace time. That was because sotilasmestari was a professional soldier with decades of experience, but vänrikki (Second Lieutenant) was a young reservist or a fresh graduate of the Cadet School. In wartime, the tables turned and vänrikki (Second Lieutenant) rank was higher than sotilasmestari. In a 1993 reform, the professional NCO school (Maanpuolustusopisto) was "upgraded" such that graduates received the rank of vänrikki (Second Lieutenant) upon graduation, and the intermediate ranks (vääpeli, ylivääpeli, sotilasmestari) were no longer actively awarded.
|
|
Ferguson began his military career in his teens, encouraged by his maternal uncle James Murray. He served briefly in the Holy Roman Empire with the Scots Greys during the Seven Years' War, until a leg ailment – probably tuberculosis in the knee – forced him to return home. After recovering, now in peace-time, he served with his regiment on garrison duty. In 1768, he purchased a command of a company in 70th Regiment of Foot, under the Colonelcy of his cousin Alexander Johnstone, and served with them in the West Indies until his lame leg again began to trouble him.
|
|
Mercy Relief was invited by United Nations in 2008 to speak at the International Disaster and Risk Conference, on "Peace-time strategies that can ease relief operations and the management of risks during and after such calamities". In 2009, Singapore observed its inaugural World Humanitarian Day, where the works and sacrifices of humanitarians, including Mercy Relief's, was commemorated. It then partnered up with Singapore Polytechnic in 2010 to conduct a two-year diploma-plus certificate course in humanitarian affairs. Mercy Relief also hosted Singapore's President, President Tony Tan Keng Yam at a humanitarian assistance project site in Magelang, Indonesia in 2012.
|
|
On 29 June–two months after Carol's arrival–the Romanian parliament adopted the 1866 Constitution of Romania, one of the most modern constitutions of its time. Carol signed it into law two days later. Modeled closely on the Constitution of Belgium, it guaranteed private propriety, freedom of speech, total freedom of the press, it abolished the death penalty during peace time, and established separation of powers. Despite the otherwise liberal nature of the act, the constitution barred non-Christians from becoming citizens, a measure which heavily affected the country's Jewish population This constitution allowed the development and modernization of the Romanian state.
|
|
During peace time the PROFIS system is in place, but rarely used. Since the start of Operation Iraqi Freedom and Operation Enduring Freedom (Afghanistan) the PROFIS system has been used routinely. Doctors are "PROFIS" or pulled out of the MTFs in a type of lottery system that factors in the number of deployments the physician has been on, their specialty, and the length of time of the PROFIS assignment. Since most of the physicians chosen to be PROFIS battalion surgeons have been in primary care fields, the Army has had a hard time retaining or recruiting physicians with those specialties.
|
|
With Selkirk's pre- World War II side depleted due to retirement and those like Sandy Adamson who made the Supreme Sacrifice, the club turned to the town's youth to restart football in peace time. Making a name for himself with local Parkvale Rovers and Army Cadet football was a young Bobby Johnstone. In October 1946, in front of a 1,500 crowd, a Selkirk team including Johnstone defeated Queen of the South which featured future Scottish Internationalist Billy Houliston on the Toll Field. Johnstone also featured in the side which lost out to professional Gala Fairydean in the East of Scotland Cup Final.
|
|
They say that > they will, for they believe that in any honest contest for the vote of the > people, the people will vote them and their allies a majority against the > candidates of the landed and well-to-do minority. But if the Communists are > wrong in their calculations and are outvoted, will they yield to a peaceful > vote? Will they champion civil liberties as ardently as they do now? This is > a question that cannot be answered until we have had the opportunity of > seeing how a transitional coalition regime works in peace time practice.
|
|
Ogle's career as a servant of the crown began prior to his father's death. In 1434, he was a commissioner of the Truce with Scotland, and a year later appears to have been captain of Berwick Castle, which was worth circa £194 in peace time, with another £200 to be paid in time of war.Pollard, A.J., The North-East of England During Wars of the Roses: Lay Society, War and Politics, 1450-1500, (Oxford, 1990), 150. It was in which post he was captured by the Scots, during a border raid, and ransomed for 750 marks.
|
|
Since the 1950s the Ceylon Army had assisted the police to guard the Temple Trees and protect the Prime Minister during national crises, such as Hartal 1953 and 1971 JVP Insurrection. Even in peace time the armoured corps has maintained an armored detachment at Temple Trees. With the creation of the Executive Presidency in 1978 the Prime Minister ceased to be the head of government. This reduced the power of the post, however with the escalation of political associations as a result of the Sri Lankan civil war and the JVP Uprising (1988-1989) the security of the Prime Minister increased.
|
|
West-East and South-North cross-sections of roof penetration by a Project Ruby Disney strike on the Valentin bunker In June 1945 the Air Council wrote to the Lords of the Admiralty expressing "their appreciation" of the work that had been done on the "rocket bomb". The RAF initiated bombing tests of the Disney in June 1945, using the Watten bunker as a target. The actual bombing was carried by the US 8th Air Force on behalf of the RAF. However, Watten proved too small to be a satisfactory target, and the French objected to continued bombing of their territory in peace-time.
|
|
The Karelia Air Command (, abbr. KarLsto; ) is the peace-time Finnish Air Force unit responsible for the protection of the airspace of Eastern and South-Eastern Finland. In spite of its name, the headquarters of the air command is not located in the Finnish historical province of Karelia, but in historical Savonia and the present-day province of Northern Savonia, at Kuopio Airport in Siilinjärvi. The wing consists of some 20 F-18 Hornets, belonging to the No. 31 Sqn and six radar stations. The unit has about 600 personnel, of whom 450 are commissioned officers, NCOs and professional enlisted men and the other 150 are conscripts.
|
|
Soviet forces entered Poland as they were advancing towards Nazi Germany in the course of the Red Army's Operation Bagration in the summer of 1944. Following the Vistula-Oder Offensive in early 1945, all of Poland was liberated from Nazi occupation by Soviet forces. While formal Polish sovereignty was almost immediately restored, the territory of Poland fell under de facto Soviet control as the Soviet military and security forces acted to ensure that Poland would be ruled by the Soviet-installed communist puppet government of Poland. As the war ended, the structure of the Soviet military was reorganized from a war-time to a peace-time mode.
|
|
The 12th Chief Directorate maintains its own secure communication system, independent of others, that links its peace-time and war-time headquarters with all its bases and with other subordinated units. Additional local communication systems of each arsenal base securely link its main command post with its multiple mobile STGs. The main communication system of the 12th GU MO has its own unique coded commands that could be used to instantly transmit orders to elevate readiness and to begin loading, delivering, and issuing nuclear warheads and other nuclear munitions to their end-users. Such commands must be transmitted via at least three different communication channels simultaneously to guarantee their delivery.
|
|
Ver Huell entered the military service of the Dutch Republic as an officer cadet in an infantry regiment but soon switched to the navy, becoming a midshipman in 1779. On board the frigate Argo (40) he participated in the "Affair of Fielding and Bylandt", of 30 December 1779, during which a Dutch convoy, escorted by a squadron under Admiral Bylandt, was attacked in peace time by a British squadron under Commodore Charles Fielding. (1896) The American Revolution, Houghton, Mifflin and company, p. 153. In 1781, he took part as a third lieutenant, still aboard Argo, in the Battle of Dogger Bank (1781), where he distinguished himself.
|
|
In the Swedish Army Medical Corps on 1 January 1915, the following ranks were added; Surgeon-Field General (generalfältläkare) instead of Chief Field Surgeon (överfältläkare), Chief Field Surgeon (överfältläkare) instead of field Surgeon (fältläkare) and field Surgeon (fältläkare) instead of Division surgeon (fördelningsläkare). The Swedish Army Medical Corps consisted in peace time of (except the reserve) 1 Surgeon-Field General (major general), 1 Chief Field Surgeon (colonel, respectively lieutenant colonels), 6 field surgeons (lieutenant colonels), 49 regimental physicians (majors), 55 battalion physicians in military units, hospitals, etc. (captains), 44 battalion physicians in the Field Medical Corps (captains and lieutenants) and 24 field medical grantees (lieutenants).
|
|
The next year Trio Beyond released Saudades, a live recording of a concert commemorating Tony Williams in London in 2004. In 2008 he toured with Bobby McFerrin, Chick Corea, and the Jarrett trio, and the next year won the Grammy Award for Best New Age Album with Peace Time. In 2010 he founded the Jack DeJohnette Group, featuring Rudresh Mahanthappa on alto saxophone, David Fiuczynski on double-neck guitar, George Colligan on keyboards and piano, and long-time associate Jerome Harris on electric and acoustic bass guitars. In 2012, DeJohnette released Sound Travels, which included appearances by McFerrin, Quintero, Bruce Hornsby, Esperanza Spalding, Lionel Loueke, and Jason Moran.
|
|
296–302 Tryon responded in a letter to The Times on 19 September arguing the need for the scheme whatever the size of the navy. The Chairman of P&O;, Sir Thomas Sutherland, wrote arguing that a scheme ought to be considered and prepared in peace time, but no legislation should be passed or anything else done unless an actual war situation arose. When it did, it might turn out that insurance would be available privately or that shipowners might benefit from higher wartime profits. He questioned whether any amount of compensation would convince owners to send ships if they expected them to be lost.
|
|
With the Peace Accord complete, the South African forces withdrew from Angola and went about enacting the democratic hand over of Namibia. Cuba withdrew all its troops and now faced the full brunt of the collapse of the Soviet Union. Having focused so much of its finite resources to the Second Revolution primarily in Africa with the main focus on Angola, Cuba's own economy was in a state of tatters. ;For Cuba With no revenue from the Soviets and no revenue from Angola, Cuba's economy imploded and Cuba entered, what Fidel Castro called the "Special Period in Peace Time" and a 34% drop in their GDP.
|
|
In the period between the end of the Italo-Turkish War in 1912 and Italy's entry into the First World War in 1915, Amalfi is mentioned in several news accounts that offer hints of her peace-time activities. In June 1913, Amalfi escorted King Victor Emmanuel III and his wife, Queen Elena, on the royal yacht Trinacria to the annual regatta at Kiel, Germany. While there, Victor Emmanuel met with Kaiser Wilhelm II, to discuss—it was speculated in a contemporary news report—the ongoing Balkan War. After departing from Kiel, Amalfi escorted the King and Queen on Trinacria to their next stop at Stockholm.
|
|
At the same time, there were great turn of events, Emperor Rudolf II started quarreling with his brother, Matthias, during which Temišvarac, Đorđe Rac and Deli-Marko supported the latter, joining with their people. All mercenary bands commanded by the three Serb leaders participated in the march on Rudolf II. Temišvarac's band had, during their return from the Czech lands, inflicted great damage to the population. The band once again returned to Győr. The evicted Serbs from Transylvania became dissatisfied with the government after the decision that Temišvarac, who had commanded the Serbs during war-time, was prohibited to issue orders during peace-time to judges, councilors and other Serbs.
|
|
The submarine departed San Diego in September 1963 for another WestPac deployment. Near the conclusion of her tour, Volador conducted a special assignment which resulted in her receiving a commendation from the Commander, Submarine Force, United States Pacific Fleet, for "a mission of great value to the government of the United States." After returning to San Diego, she was assigned to local and Pacific coast operations. In late 1964, Volador again distinguished herself by sending the submarine hulk ex- to the bottom after firing one homing torpedo in a weapons system evaluation test, making her the only submarine in the Navy to claim two peace-time "kills".
|
|
In the beginning of the war most turbochargers were manually controlled superchargers that used mechanical energy from the engine to force air into the combustion process through the intake manifold. The exhaust based turbocharger most common today was first created for World War II bomber planes and became stock equipment on B-17, B-24 and B-29 bombers. World War II was a boon for Garrett AiResearch, but the company had already been advertising peace-time products and created a New Products Investigation Group to identify post-war aerospace technology ideas. Nevertheless, the war's end resulted in deep cutbacks and layoffs for Garrett Corporation.
|
|
Kabuki is a term used by American political pundits as a synonym for political posturing. It acquired this derogatory meaning after drawn out peace-time treaty negotiations between the United States and Japan which had extended to 1960, and because Japan, in an effort "to shed its image as a global marauder" sent kabuki theater tours to the U.S. after World War II to sow the seeds of goodwill. It first appeared in print in 1961 in the Los Angeles Times in an article written by Henry J. Taylor. Outside the United States of America, analysts and commentators may refer to a similar phenomenon as political theatre.
|
|
The Fleet Air Arm's new carrier air wings will count up to 36 F-35Bs between them but the s may routinely deploy with only 12 F-35Bs for peace time operations or two squadrons when joined with up to 12 United States Marine Corps aircraft. VMFA-211 has been confirmed as the first Marine Corps Squadron to embark on HMS Queen Elizabeth alongside British aircraft. 48 F-35Bs have been ordered by the Fleet Air Arm and Royal Air Force with 138 planned. The group will consist of at least two Type 45 destroyer, two Type 23 frigates, one attack submarine plus a number of support vessels.
|
|
In the mid 1970s, with an interest and a background in art and photography, Dempwolf enjoyed a first career as an award-winning producer and director of documentaries.Merrell, Eric, "California Light, a Century of Landscapes," Skira Rizzoli, 2011 During this period he filmed a story that touched him, recording the life of Dominic Calicchio, a craftsman who made prized trumpets working out of his Hollywood home. During World War II, when brass was in short supply, he made his own metal alloy, and continued his trade in peace-time. Dempwolf filmed him every weekend for two years and the resulting film took many awards.
|
|
III Army Corps was founded after the Balkan Wars, on 16 August 1913 (O.S.), provisionally based at Ioannina and comprising the 2nd Infantry Division at Missolonghi, the 3rd Infantry Division at Korytsa, and the 9th Infantry Division at Ioannina. Headquarters in Thessaloniki A new royal decree on 23 December 1913 (O.S.) finalized the peace-time structure of the Hellenic Army, and III Corps was moved to its new base at Thessaloniki, comprising the 10th Infantry Division at Veroia, 11th Infantry Division at Thessaloniki, and 12th Infantry Division at Kozani, as well as the necessary corps units (5th Field Artillery Regiment, III Sappers Regiment, III Nursing Regiment and III Transport battalion).
|
|
Turner married the Scottish silent film actress, Laura Cowie, on June 20, 1918. They later settled in Blue Tiles Farm near Fakenham, Norfolk. During World War 1 Turner wrote three plays: Nothing New, Peace Time Prophecies or Stories Gone Wrong and Tails Up. An early published novel of his from 1919, Simple Souls, was made into a movie in 1920 with a scenario by Fred Myton, directed by the American Robert Thornby. In 1926, Turner's play The Scarlet Lady, a comedy, opened at the Criterion Theatre in London, starring Marie Tempest, a friend and the driving force behind the establishment of the actors' union Equity.
|
|
The Operational Diving Division is part of the South African Navy's Maritime Reaction Squadron (MRS) that was formed as the Naval Rapid Deployment Force (NRDF) in 2006. The Division consists of the training wing and the operational wing of four operational diving teams of 17 divers. These teams of combat divers are trained in mine-countermeasures, search and recovery and underwater explosives as a war time role. During peace time they are tasked also with assisting dry docking, underwater welding/cutting/repairs, and their continual role in assisting arms of service from other nations (Lesotho, Tanzania) and in crime fighting in collaboration with the police.
|
|
While moving forward towards the cave Capt Arun got hit by a bullet in the shoulder and was grievously injured. But he refused to move back and in a rare show of courage, shot dead the terrorist who had fired at him. When he reached near the cave, he was hit by two more bullets in the gut and chest and collapsed. Inspired by his bravery and leadership, the troops attacked the militants with double vigour and aggression and eliminated all of them. Capt Arun was martyred and he was awarded the nation’s highest peace time gallantry award “Ashok Chakra” for his outstanding courage, devotion to duty and supreme sacrifice.
|
|
1992 saw reform for Armenia’s Criminal Code of 1961. The democratic government decided to remove two of the peace-time criminal offences, speculation and mass theft, bringing the total amount of criminal offences punishable by death down to 32. In 1995, the revised Armenian Constitution was implemented, however, capital punishment was still implemented within the constitution. Under Chapter 2, Article 17 of the new Constitution, it states “Everyone has the right to life. Until such time as it is abolished, the death penalty may be prescribed by law for particular capital crimes, as an exceptional punishment”. Moreover, Armenia’s current Criminal Code experienced the removal of another capital crime; desertion.
|
|
Campbell in the New York Navy Yard, 1940 George W. Campbell was launched on 3 June 1936 and sailed to her homeport of Stapleton, New York, under the command of Commander E.G. Rose, USCG, assigned to conduct search and rescue and law enforcement patrols. She left New York on 22 October 1936 for her shakedown cruise to Southampton, England, returning to New York on 16 November. Her peace-time armament consisted of two 51 caliber and two signal guns, all mounted forward. Unlike the other Secretary-class cutters, George W. Campbell and did not continue to carry aircraft, though they had originally been equipped to do so.
|
|
During peace time most of the navy personnel served in the merchant fleet, which was of a considerable size in the 18th century. The main problem for Denmark- Norway in case of war was thus often to round up the required number of skilled sailors for the navy. The navy was for a large part funded by Norwegian means as a royal resolution dictated that the income from Norway was to be used towards its construction and upkeep. The majority of the ships of the line in the 17th and 18th centuries were named after the royalty of Denmark-Norway, as well as the lands of the kingdoms.
|
|
Played only shortly after the conclusion of the second World War, the 1945 grand final was the first played in peace time since 1938. The league's normal finals venue, the Melbourne Cricket Ground, remained unavailable as it was still set up for military use, as it had been for the previous four years. As in 1942 and 1943, the league opted to play the finals series, including the Grand Final, at 's home venue, Princes Park, preferring it to the lower capacity St Kilda Cricket Ground which had hosted in 1944. Additional terraces were installed at the ground during August, to increase the official capacity to 62,800.
|
|
Swynnerton became operational in stages, from the middle of 1940. The factory was completed in two years, a task which, in peace-time, would have taken five years. It consisted of over 1,700 small buildings, each surrounded by earth banks to contain accidental blasts; if one building was destroyed the adjacent buildings would be unaffected. Five large boiler-houses were built strategically around the perimeter of the site so that, if one or two were bombed, production could still be maintained. Roadways between buildings were of smooth, grit-free asphalt and were called ‘cleanways’ because they had to be kept clean at all times, to avoid any possibility of sparks.
|
|
Military district in Sweden, was from 1833 to 1892 the highest unit in which the Swedish Army troops were divided into during peace-time. The division, which was made in 1833, replaced the former division of "inspections" and "brigades". The military districts were initially six, but were reduced to five in 1847, after which the 1st Military District included Skåne, Blekinge and Kronoberg counties, the 2nd included Östergötland and the remainder of Småland, the 3rd included Västergötland, Halland, Bohuslän, Dalsland and Värmland, the 4th included Stockholm, Uppland, Södermanland, Västmanland and Närke and 5th included Dalarna and Norrland. The command in a military district was exercised by a Commanding General (general officer).
|
|
The United States has used multiple types of chemical weapons in war and peacetime occasions. Including the use of Agent Orange in large quantities in Vietnam, and the use of White Phosphorus in Fallujah against suspected Iraqi terrorist groups. They also have used chemical weapons in peace time including the testing of how chemical weapons will disperse in different climates Operation LAC. The police will also periodically use Tear Gas against violent protests like the ones in Missouri and Baltimore after the deaths of 2 African American males by police officers. The United States has possessed a stockpile of chemical weapons since World War I. It banned the production or transport of chemical weapons in 1969.
|
|
She also led fundraising efforts to provide food for child victims of the war in neutral Switzerland and was one of the founders of the International Union of the Save the Children Fund. In the interwar period d’Arcis served as a treasurer of the Peace and Disarmament Committee of the Women’s International Organizations. She led the committee’s fundraising efforts and in 1934 launched fundraising campaign urging American manufactures of consumer goods to recognize that peace time production was more profitable than manufacturing for wars. Peace and Disarmament Committee published a “Peace-Roll of Industry” in which such corporations as General Motors, U.S. Steel, and Shell Union Oil declared peace essential to prosperity.
|
|
She carried three Vought OS2U Kingfisher floatplanes for aerial reconnaissance, which were launched by a pair of aircraft catapults on her fantail. Her peace time crew numbered 1,793 officers and enlisted men but during the war the crew swelled to 2,500. South Dakotas forward turrets; note the various radar sets on the tower mast The ship was armed with a main battery of nine 16-inch /45 caliber Mark 6 guns in three triple gun turrets on the centerline, two of which were placed in a superfiring pair forward, with the third aft. The secondary battery consisted of sixteen /38 caliber dual purpose guns mounted in twin turrets clustered amidships, four turrets on either side.
|
|
This Bill also especially established that; "without parliamentary consent the king could not"; suspend or create laws, raise taxes by prerogative, or raise a standing army in peace time. The Oath Act reiterated precedent that "By the Law and Ancient Usage of this Realm" monarchs of England took a solemn coronation oath to maintain the statute laws and customs of the country and of its inhabitants. This established a new coronation oath to be taken by future monarchs. This oath was different from the traditional coronation oath which recognized laws as being the grant of the King, whereas the Act's new oath sought the King to rule according to the law agreed in parliament.
|
|
Torcy in September 1870 The German army comprised that of the North German Confederation led by the Kingdom of Prussia, and the South German states drawn in under the secret clause of the preliminary peace of Nikolsburg, 26 July 1866, and formalised in the Treaty of Prague, 23 August 1866. Recruitment and organisation of the various armies were almost identical, and based on the concept of conscripting annual classes of men who then served in the regular regiments for a fixed term before being moved to the reserves. This process gave a theoretical peace time strength of 382,000 and a wartime strength of about 1,189,000. German tactics emphasised encirclement battles like Cannae and using artillery offensively whenever possible.
|
|
In comparison, the A6 was seen as having superior offensive and defence capabilities over the Type 89 I-Go. Britain's new tank design, along with reports from Manchuria of the Type 89's inability to keep up with other motorized vehicles–given its inadequate 25 km/h top speed–brought about plans for a replacement. Tank designers recommended research on a new tank design, a medium tank capable of going 35 km/h and weighing 15 tons with offensive and defensive abilities greater than the Type 89 I-Go. The Chief-of-Staff Operations was not enthusiastic for the project as it was peace-time and the military had a limited budget.
|
|
With the declaration of war in September 1939, the South African Army numbered only 5,353 regulars, with an additional 14,631 men of the Active Citizen Force (ACF) which gave peace time training to volunteers and in time of war would form the main body of the army. Pre-war plans did not anticipate that the army would fight outside southern Africa and it was trained and equipped only for bush warfare. One of the problems to continuously face South Africa during the war was the shortage of available men. Due to its race policies it would only consider arming men of European descent which limited the available pool of men aged between 20 and 40 to around 320,000.
|
|
His difficult task was to move the German war economy to a peace footing against a backdrop of revolutionary conditions and with responsibilities and power structures still in flux. The economic depression with rising unemployment and the devaluation of the currency caused by the post-war slump presented important obstacles on the way towards an industrial structure geared to the new requirements of peace-time Germany. Although Koeth extensively intervened in the economy, he opposed socialisation of the factors of production as demanded by the left wing of the revolution. There was considerable overlap between Koeth's portfolio and the Ministries of Finance, Economic Affairs and Labour, resulting in conflicts with Eugen Schiffer, Rudolf Wissell and Gustav Bauer.
|
|
As a sloop of war Concord was a three-masted ship of 700 tons and was a smaller vessel compared to frigates and ships of the line, which generally measured 1500 and 2200 tons respectively. The sloop type provoked dissatisfaction, due to the navy board's insistence that they be made to carry 24 guns, despite their dimensions making them better suited to carrying 20 guns. They were criticized for being slow, due in part to their full after body and often being overloaded, a practice typical of vessels in a navy during peace time. Concord as designed was 127 feet long, but had a draft of 16 feet, resulting in an increase in displacement without an increase in length.
|
|
At graduation Pullen learned that the Marine Corps was returning to peace time level and that they would be returned to civilian life. On June 25, Pullen was turned into inactive status with the marine Corps. Pullen would later say in a letter to Puller we would have preferred to stay on. In a 1960 letter from Pullen to Puller: > "If I had been offered a permanent commission in the Marine Corps > immediately after being commissioned, I should probably have taken it and > spent my days in the service... > There is no question that once a Marine Always a Marine" Lewis B. Puller went on the become possibly the most decorated Marine in History.
|
|
Since mid-1915 the Australian Government had been planning a repatriation scheme for the hundreds of thousands of soldiers expected to return from World War I. Newly-formed state war councils, such as the Queensland War Council, were charged with various responsibilities aimed at settling returned soldiers into peace-time occupations. The permanent body responsible for soldier resettlement, the Repatriation Department, was formed in April 1918, and the Queensland Branch moved into Mooneys Building in the following year. The branch administered soldier employment, training for trades, medical and general assistance to soldiers as well as provision of welfare to soldiers and/or families of soldiers killed or incapacitated. The Repatriation Department remained in the building until the 1950s.
|
|
With the declaration of war in September 1939, the South African Army numbered only 5,353 regulars, with an additional 14,631 men of the Active Citizen Force (ACF) which gave peace time training to volunteers and in time of war would form the main body of the army. Pre-war plans did not anticipate that the army would fight outside southern Africa and it was trained and equipped only for bush warfare. One of the problems to continuously face South Africa during the war was the shortage of available men. Due to its racial policies it would only consider arming men of European descent which limited the available pool of men aged between 20 and 40 to around 320,000.
|
|
The Wreck of the Wager, the frontispiece from John Byron's account The Spanish failure at colonizing the Strait of Magellan made Chiloé Archipelago assume the role of protecting the area of western Patagonia from foreign intrusions. Valdivia, restablished in 1645, and Chiloé acted as sentries being hubs where the Spanish collected information and rumours from all-over Patagonia. John Narborough's 1670 expedition to Patagonia and Valdiva, despite being done in peace time, caused much suspicion among Spanish authorities. In response the Spanish organized the Jerónimo Diez de Mendoza, Bartolomé Gallardo and Antonio de Vea expeditions which ran three consecutive summers from 1674 to 1676 seeking to find out any news about English bases in western Patagonia.
|
|
In this capacity, she carried out analytical work on economic restructuring and peace time redeployment of military resources. From 1998 to 2002, she served as the Chief of Technical Cooperation Cluster, Chief of Information and Networking Unit, and Chief Manager of the United Nations Public Administration Network (UNPAN) in the then Division for Public Economics and Public Administration (DPEPA). She was instrumental in the development of UNPAN which started out as a United Nations Development Account Project. In 2003 and 2004, she served as the Chief of the Public Administration Networking Unit and Chief Manager of UNPAN, Division for Public Administration & Development Management (DPADM), United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UNDESA).
|
|
The Arts of Peace Time-lapse video of a northbound trip on the Rock Creek and Potomac Parkway and Beach Drive The Parkway has two points of origination on its southern end, one at the traffic circle around the Lincoln Memorial, and the other at the intersection of Ohio Drive and Independence Avenue. The eastern portion of the Lincoln Memorial traffic circle has been closed for several years, and there is no longer any easy access to the northbound parkway from that point. The Ohio Drive branch is now the main originating branch. Before the Theodore Roosevelt Bridge (I-66) was built, Constitution Avenue ran to the parkway, with Ohio Drive ending at Constitution Avenue.
|
|
Mendis was commissioned as a volunteer officer in the Ceylon Cadet Battalion of the Ceylon Defense Force. Mendis served as the Air Raid Precaution Controller, Galle from 1942 to 1943 and was appointed commanding officer, Cadet Battalion in 1943 with the rank of Lieutenant Colonel and held the appointment till 1948, when he was succeeded by Lieutenant Colonel H.V.C. De Silva. Promoted to Brevet Colonel, Mendis who was seconded to the staff corp of the Ceylon Defense Force, served as the Acting Commandant of the Ceylon Defence Force from 6 April 1946 to 7 August 1949 as it reverted to its peace time formation following the demobilization after World War 2. He was confirmed in the rank of Colonel.
|
|
According to a famous legend, the king had promised the Welsh that he would name "a prince born in Wales, who did not speak a word of English" and then produced his infant son to their surprise; but the story may well be apocryphal, as it can only be traced to the 16th century. In 1284, Caernarfon was defended by a garrison of forty men, more than the thirty-strong garrisons at Conwy and Harlech. Even in peace time, when most castles would have a guard of only a few men, Caernarfon was defended by between twenty and forty people due to its importance. By 1285, Caernarfon's town walls were mostly complete.
|
|
After World War II Empress of Australia worked worldwide as a troop ship, including carrying military personnel to Pusan during the Korean War. In 1946 while anchoring off Liverpool her anchor tangled with that of a cargo liner Debrett; the two ships collided and seven tugs were needed to separate them. In December of that year, she was re-fitted for peace time trooping, offering more comfortable accommodations for the troops; however the Empress was never repainted and remained in the wartime grey colour scheme. Notably, she ferried home the last British soldiers away from Bombay, just after they symbolically passed through the Gateway of India on 28 February 1948 following Indian independence in 1947.
|
|
Statue of Wolfe in Greenwich Park The number of casualties suffered by British forces were comparatively light, compared to the more than a million fatalities that occurred worldwide. France and Spain both considered the treaty that ended the war as being closer to a temporary armistice rather than a genuine final settlement, and William Pitt described it as an "armed truce". Britain had customarily massively reduced the size of its armed forces during peace time, but during the 1760s a large military establishment was maintained—intended as a deterrent against France and Spain. The Bourbon powers both sent agents to examine Britain's defenses believing that a successful invasion of Britain was an essential part of any war of revenge.
|
|
Subsequently, jurisdiction of the Committee on Invalid Pensions included only matters relating to pensions of the Civil War, with the committee reporting general and special bills authorizing payments of pensions and bills for relief of soldiers of that war. In 1939 the jurisdiction of the committee was changed to include, "the pensions of all the wars of the United States and peace-time service, other than the Spanish–American War, Philippine Insurrection, Boxer Rebellion, and World War", while those pensions that fell in the excluded categories were tended to by the Committee on Pensions. The committee was abolished under the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 and its jurisdiction transferred, in large part, to the executive agencies.
|
|
When Franklin Roosevelt formed the National Recovery Administration (NRA) early in the New Deal, Davis was tapped as Deputy Administrator. The NRA was declared unconstitutional and disbanded in 1937, and Davis returned to New York to head the state's Labor Mediation Board. He developed such a good reputation as a mediator between management and labor that Roosevelt brought him back to Washington in 1941 to join (and soon chair) the National Defense Mediation Board (NDMB), which became the War Labor Board (WLB) in early 1942. Davis ran the Board until March 1945, when, seeing the end of the war in sight, Roosevelt named him Director of Economic Stabilization, to manage the return to a peace-time economy.
|
|
Olivia Luchini of PopSugar described Cara as a feminist role model, and called her unique even among the Star Wars franchise's strong female characters due to her physicality and combat skills. Carano called Cara as "a bit of a loner", who is having trouble reintegrating herself into society following her combat experience. The fact that she mistakes the Mandalorian for attempting to collect a bounty on her during their first meeting indicates she has done some unsavory things since leaving the military; Carano said of this: "I feel like she's always in trouble." As a soldier, Cara enjoyed the adrenaline of war, and when that disappeared during peace time, she found herself disillusioned with her new role.
|
|
The Bay Fleet was a summer convoy of trading ships that travelled through the English Channel from and to the important trading areas of the Hanseatic League, Holland and Flanders in the Middle Ages. The fleet's frequent destination was the salt manufacturing lands of the Bay of Bourgneuf, which they duly plundered. In 1449, a fleet organised by Henry VI to keep the Channel free of pirates, turned to piracy themselves under the charge of Robert Winnington, attacking the Bay fleet in an unprovoked peace time assault. Sixty Hanseatic ships and fifty ships from the Low countries were taken by the privateers to the Isle of Wight, released only after diplomatic pressure.
|
|
Since the end of WWII, no industrial nations have fought such a large, decisive war, due to the availability of weapons that are so destructive that their use would offset the advantages of victory. The fighting of a total war where nuclear weapons are used is something that instead of taking years and the full mobilisation of a country's resources such as in WWII, would take tens of minutes. Such weapons are developed and maintained with relatively modest peace time defence budgets. By the end of the 1950s, the ideological stand-off of the Cold War between the Western World and the Soviet Union involved thousands of nuclear weapons being aimed at each side by the other.
|
|
The core of the unit was a peace-time militia company known as the Salem Light Artillery. The battery trained at Camp Chase in Lowell, Massachusetts. It was assigned to the Department of the Gulf under Major General Benjamin F. Butler and departed Boston by steamship on November 20. For the first several months of their service, the battery performed garrison duty at Ship Island off the Mississippi coast, which served as the staging point for Butler's expedition. After proceeding on to Baton Rouge in May 1862, the battery took part in operations in the vicinity of that city, being heavily engaged in the Battle of Baton Rouge on August 5, 1862.
|
|
The war-band functioned as an extension of the ruler's legal person, and was the core of the larger armies that were mobilised from time to time for campaigns of significant size. In peace-time, the war-band's activity was centred on the "Great Hall". Here, in both Germanic and Celtic cultures, the feasting, drinking and other forms of male bonding that kept up the war-band's integrity would take place. In the epic poem Beowulf, the war-band was said to sleep in the Great Hall after the lord had retired to his adjacent bedchamber.L. Alcock, Kings and Warriors, Craftsmen and Priests in Northern Britain AD 550–850 (Edinburgh: Society of Antiquaries of Scotland), , pp. 248–9.
|
|
Jägerpatrouille, painting by Richard Knötel (1910) Best known were the German Jäger units who were distinguished by their peace-time wear of dark green tunics and shakos (in contrast to the dark blue tunics and spiked helmets of most German infantry). Royal Bavarian Jäger Battalion No. 2 Aschaffenburg. Oberjäger, field marching order, around 1910 In the peacetime Prussian Army, the main component of the Imperial German Army, there were one Imperial Guard Jäger battalion, the Garde-Jäger-Bataillon, and twelve Jäger battalions of the line. One Jäger battalion, the Großherzoglich Mecklenburgisches Jäger-Bataillon Nr. 14, was from the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. Another, Westfälisches Jäger-Bataillon Nr. 7, known as the "Bückeburg Jägers", was raised in the Principality of Schaumburg-Lippe, whose capital was Bückeburg.
|
|
The following is the order of battle of the Polish Air Force prior to the outbreak of the Polish Defensive War of 1939. During the mobilization waves of March and August of that year, all peace-time units were deployed to airfields throughout the country and attached to respective commands of Air Force, Naval Air Service and squadrons supporting each of the Polish armies. In the last stages of the air campaign, whole units coordinated all actions in the fight against the invaders. The Polish fighters claimed 134 air victories, including 7 enemy aeroplanes shot down by Polish PZL P.7a fighters, 125 by PZL P.11 fighters of all types (mostly P.11c, several P.11a), and 2 downed by PZL P.11g.
|
|
After the war, some of the ships were returned to their owners, the rest remained on active service and were pressed into the so-called Pinsk Flotilla. In peace-time the Riverine Flotilla of the Polish Navy, as it was officially called, operated on the Pina River (Dnieper–Bug Canal), as well as on the Pripyat and the Strumień rivers. It served as a mobile reserve of the Border Defense Corps and was to support the front in case of a war with the Soviet Union. Prior to the invasion of Poland, a number of ships of the Riverine Flotilla were moved to the Vistula as a detachment and became Oddział Wydzielony Rzeki Wisły, better known as the Vistula Flotilla.
|
|
It lacked tanks, field artillery, sub machine guns and other modern weapons; peace time ammunition stocks were found to be adequate to sustain only one week of offensive operations. The Royal Ceylon Navy, which had suffered the most from the fall out of the attempted coup with recruitment frozen till 1969, had only a single frigate in its fleet. It had to deploy its crew on shore duty and were thereby incapable of preventing the JVP from gaining aid by sea. The Royal Ceylon Air Force had mothballed its jet trainers after plans for introducing jet fighters where scrapped and was limited to a small fleet of light transport aircraft and helicopters, which made up two flying squadrons and a few pilots.
|
|
As a subject of Russian Empire, Zaliznyak was kept under arrest by the Russians, unlike Ivan Gonta, who was turned over to the Poles for trial and then was executed. On July 8, 1768 Zaliznyak and 73 rebels were imprisoned in Kyiv-Pechersk Fortress . At the end of the month the case was ordered to trial by Kyiv Provincial Court. In view of the fact that Zaliznyak operated in the peace time in Russian empire he and his cohorts were spared the death sentence because of the order of Elizabeth I to spare death sentences in peacetime though deaths could be because of too severe whipping (unlike Pugachev, for example, whose troops including former participants of Koliivschina operated during the martial law).
|
|
Raon-l'Étape is positioned at the mouth of the Plaine River at the point where it converges into the Meurthe, itself a tributary of the Moselle. Because it is on departmental frontier with the adjacent Meurthe-et-Moselle département, Raon-l'Étape is sometimes known as the "Gateway to the Vosges" (porte des Vosges). The town is positioned at a point where relatively flat lands transform into a much more mountainous topography: the mountains have for centuries restricted the options for travellers between francophone France and Alsace (formerly the western reaches of the Empire on the other side of the Vosges). The position of Raon has therefore been critical to influencing the movements of merchandise in peace time and of armies in war time for many centuries.
|
|
In Herman Melville's novel Moby-Dick, narrator Ishmael recalls a marble tablet at a whalemen's chapel in New Bedford which pays homage to a whaleman named John Talbot, who lost his life whaling "near the Isle of Desolation, off Patagonia". In Patrick O'Brian's novel Blue at the Mizzen, a British man-of-war is sent on a peace time mission to Chile and the Straits of Magellan. In the Jackie Chan Adventures animated television series in Season 2 Episode 24 - Scouts Honor, Jackie Chan teleport the episode's villain, Vanessa Barone, with the Eye of Aurora to Desolacion Island, saying that it is a little island off the coast of Chile and is "one of the most remote spots on earth".
|
|
He was also granted the rank of air vice marshal when the RAF introduced its own rank structure on 1 August 1919, appointed a Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the British Empire on 26 August 1919 and appointed an officer of the French Legion of Honour on 18 November 1919. The British Air Section at the Paris Peace Conference in 1919 From 1919 to 1922, Sykes was the Controller of Civil Aviation. He was awarded the Japanese Order of the Rising Sun, 2nd Class on 4 January 1921 and in 1922 he published Aviation in War and Peace, a history of aviation in three chapters which covered pre-War flight, aviation during World War I and both military and civil aviation in peace time.
|
|
In 1948, the United States instituted a peace-time draft with the Universal Military Training and Service Act (also called the Selective Service Act), which required all male American citizens to register with a local draft board upon reaching the age of 18. In 1965, Congress amended the Act to prohibit the willful destruction of "draft cards" or registration certificates. These were small white cards bearing the registrant's identifying information, the date and place of registration, and his Selective Service number, which indicated his state of registration, local board, birth year, and his chronological position in the local board's classification record. The Act had already required all eligible men to carry the certificate at all times, and prohibited alterations that would perpetrate a forgery or fraud.
|
|
Anton Olmstead Myrer (November 3, 1922 - January 19, 1996) was a United States Marine Corps veteran and a best-selling author of American war novels that accurately and sensitively depict the lives of United States Army officers while in combat and in peace time. His 1968 novel, Once An Eagle, written at the peak of the Vietnam War, is required reading for all Marines and is frequently used in leadership training at West Point. The novel, considered a classic of military literature and a guide to honorable conduct in the profession of arms, has been compared favorably to Leo Tolstoy's magnum opus War and Peace. Eight years after publication, Once an Eagle was made into a television mini-series starring Sam Elliott.
|
|
Leading Armenian communist figure Anastas Mikoyan stated in 1919 that "Armenian chauvinists relying on the allies of imperialism push forward a criminal idea—the creation of a ‘Great Armenia’ on the borders of Historic Armenia. The absence of Armenians and the presence of an absolute Muslim population there does not concern them... our party cannot support the idea of either a ‘Great’ or ‘Small’ Turkish Armenia." Armenia's first president Levon Ter-Petrosyan (1991-98), in a widely publicized 1997 essay on the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict titled "War or Peace? Time to Get Serious", argued that if Armenia was to officially demand "the return of Armenian lands" from Turkey and cancellation of the Treaty of Kars, it would only play into the hands of Turkey.
|
|
In peace-time, the war-band's activity was centred around the "Great Hall". Here, in both Germanic and Celtic cultures, the feasting, drinking and other forms of male bonding that kept up the war-band's integrity would take place. In the contemporaneous Old English epic poem Beowulf, the war-band was said to sleep in the Great Hall after the lord had retired to his adjacent bedchamber.L. Alcock, Kings and Warriors, Craftsmen and Priests in Northern Britain AD 550–850 (Edinburgh: Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, 2003), , pp. 248–9. It is not likely that any war-band in the period exceeded 120–150 men, as no hall structure having a capacity larger than this has been found by archaeologists in northern Britain.
|
|
When the regiment deployed, it also possessed some 4.5-inch howitzers. Initially based in Malacca and Tranquerah, the regiment later moved to Mersing on the east coast, where the 22nd Brigade took up defensive positions. A period of training followed, including a brigade level exercise, although the effectiveness of this training was limited due to self imposed peace-time restrictions that precluded realistic training. In November 1941, Lieutenant Colonel A.W. Walsh assumed command of the regiment. During the initial fighting in the Malayan Campaign after the Japanese invasion on 8 December, the regiment was not actively engaged. In early January 1942, they were re-equipped with 25-pounders and on 21 January they provided support for Australian troops fighting around the Mersing-Endau Road.
|
|
Armenia’s application of capital punishment in the modern era dated back to their Criminal Code of 1961, of which was implemented while the country was under a republic of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Armenia’s Criminal Code of 1961 enforced the death penalty for 16 war-time crimes and 18 peace-time criminal offences. After their declaration of independence from the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, Armenia suspended the use of capital punishment, yet they continued to use the Criminal Code of 1961, which enabled courts to legally sentence individuals who they believe had violated capital crimes to death. In February 1991, an unknown individual was charged with committing first-degree murder and was executed through a single gun shot to the head.
|
|
George MacDonald Fraser, the author of the Harry Flashman series of novels opined that "the general view throughout the Army was that they weren't fit to select bus conductors, let alone officers." An Army Bureau of Current Affairs (ABCA) course at the American University in Beirut, for officers stationed in the Middle East. A medical officer is shown giving a lecture on plans for a post- war health service. The ABCA, which provided the opportunity for debate on current social and political affairs, was often accused of having a left-wing bias as it concentrated on progressive ideas for peace-time reconstruction. No one was specifically responsible for morale in the Army as a whole until 1941, when it was given to Adam.
|
|
In December 2005 he was appointed Commander of the Army by president Mahinda Rajapaksa and was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant General ;Suicide bomb attack On 25 April 2006, Lt. General Fonseka survived an LTTE suicide bomb attack on his unarmored staff car by a pregnant LTTE operative named Anoja Kugenthirarasah who infiltrated Army Headquarters by attending the regular maternity clinic provided for civilians at the military hospital.Fonseka still critical after suicide bomb attack, Tamil Guardian, Retrieved 29 March 2015If This is Called Peace, Time Magazine, Retrieved on 30 April 2006. Fonseka was gravely wounded in the attack along with his ADC; while nine others, including members of his security detail were killed. The General was rushed to the Colombo General Hospital within minutes.
|
|
Priests celebrated Mass at the altar before the battle, and the trumpeters beside them encouraged the fighters to the fray. Defended by selected troops, paved with the colors of the municipality, it was generally pulled by oxen and carried an altar, a bell (called "martinella"), the heraldic signs of the city and a mast surmounted by a Christian cross. In peace time it was kept in the main church of the city to which it belonged. In battle the Carroccio was surrounded by the bravest warriors in the army as the Carroccio guard, and it served both as a rallying-point and as the palladium of the city's honour; its capture by the enemy was regarded as an irretrievable defeat and humiliation.
|
|
It conducted bombardment and reconnaissance missions against the retreating German troops, flying out from the Paltamo, Pudasjärvi and Kemi airports. On December 4, as the Air Force bengan transferring to its peace- time organization, the squadron was renamed the Bomber Squadron 41. The squadron flew only a few flights, and on January 20 it received orders to moved to its peacetime base at Luonetjärvi, which was accomplished by January 26. Two Blenheims were lost in the Lapland War, both shot down by German air defense. Following the lifting of the flight ban imposed by the Allied Control Commission in the fall of 1944, the squadron continued to operate from the Luonetjärvi base, training Blenheim crews up until August 1, 1945.
|
|
Gillham's school and undergraduate (Agriculture/Botany) results card Gillham attended Ealing County School for Girls, where she earned her Clerical Assistant's Grade I in April 1938, which would qualify her to later work at London City Council office in Westminster. She was also awarded a 2nd Class Award of the Royal Life-Saving Society in 1937. When World War II ended in 1945, as a former member of the Women's Land Army, Gillham was eligible for a grant to go to university; something her family couldn't have afforded in peace-time. She became a post- war student at the University of Wales at Aberystwyth, gaining an undergraduate degree in Agriculture followed by a first-class honours in Botany in 1949.
|
|
The defense also alleged that Safarov was mentally sick when committing the murder, however the forensic medical examination, which was upheld by the judge, showed that "Safarov was sane and aware of the consequences of his act".Panorama 04/03/2013. Hero-murderer Ramil Safarov told about his bodily fear towards Armenians On April 13, 2006, a Hungarian court sentenced Safarov to life imprisonment without right of appeal for 30 years. The judge, Andras Vaskuti, cited the premeditated nature and brutality of the crime and the fact that Safarov showed no remorse for his deeds as the reasons for the sentence. Handing down a life sentence, the judge particularly emphasised that “the murder of a sleeping man in peace time is always a crime and cannot be an act of heroism”.
|
|
The Large Binocular Telescope of the Mount Graham International Observatory on Mount Graham, 2004 Mount Graham is home to the Mount Graham International Observatory area, where multiple organizations have set up large telescopes in a few separate observatories authorized by a rare peace-time Congressional waiver of U.S. environmental laws."100th Congress": "Public law 100-696" Retrieved on 2009-04-16 The United States Congress authorized construction of the observatories on the mountain in 1988, but there has been outcry from the four federally recognized tribes of the Western Apache Nation and Native American groups, who consider the site to be sacred. Environmental groups, including the Sierra Club also oppose the Mount Graham International Observatory because the higher elevations are the last remaining habitat for the Mount Graham Red Squirrel.
|
|
The Swedish Constitution legally protects the freedom of movement for the people, thus preventing a lockdown in peace time. The Swedish public is expected to follow a series of non-voluntary recommendations from the government agency responsible for this area, in this case the Public Health Agency of Sweden (Folkhälsomyndigheten). The Swedish Constitution prohibits ministerial rule – politicians overruling the advice from its agencies is extremely unusual in Sweden – and mandates that the relevant government body, in this case an expert agency – the Public Health Agency – must initiate all actions to prevent the virus in accordance with Swedish law, rendering state epidemiologist Anders Tegnell a central figure in the crisis. Having an expert agency almost completely in control of the country's COVID-19 response without the involvement of politicians set Sweden apart from other countries.
|
|
The terrorists brought the entire town to a standstill by forcibly closing all shops, fuel stations, public transport and tried to destroy the Buddha statue by throwing grenades. When the police and the Army were under orders not to interfere as it was peace time, on the third day Rear Admiral Weerasekera, on his own initiative, took charge of the situation, proceeded to the town with naval troops, guarded the Buddha statue and brought back the town to normal. Within two days, at the demand of the LTTE, the then President Chandrika Bandaranayaka removed him from the Eastern Naval Commander appointment, and brought him to Colombo. However, after few days, a new post was created at NHQ as Deputy Chief of Staff and posted appointed him in it.
|
|
The reliance on Privy Council and Commonwealth case law by the Court has been noted by commentators as "an important precedent for a universalist approach to constitutional interpretation".. However, Parliament disapproved of the Court's use of foreign case law as a guide in ISA cases because the "conditions [in those jurisdictions] are totally different from ours".. This was relied on as a justification for the amendments which returned the law to that enunciated in Lee Mau Seng. Professor Thio Li-ann notes that this represented "an attempt to 'freeze' the common law, whose very nature is to evolve incrementally".. Furthermore, adopting the position of the majority in Liversidge v. Anderson, meant applying a test that had been formulated in World War II Britain in modern peace-time Singapore.Thio, p. 59.
|
|
The 1994 coalition government's programme undertook not to change the policy of military neutrality without a referendum. That government's 1996 white paper on foreign policy stated: :The majority of the Irish people have always cherished Ireland's military neutrality, and recognise the positive values that inspire it, in peace-time as well as time of war. Neutrality has been the policy of the State in the event of armed conflict and has provided the basis for Ireland's wider efforts to promote international peace and security. It recommended joining NATO's Partnership for Peace and participating in humanitarian missions of the Western European Union (WEU), but opposed joining NATO or the WEU as incompatible with military neutrality. In February 2006, the Minister for Defence Willie O'Dea announced that the Irish government would open talks on joining the European Union battle groups.
|
|
The ABCA is often credited with having an impact on the result of the 1945 General Election and played an important part in post-war period during the building of the "new peace". After the war and under the auspices of the Carnegie Trust, Williams transformed the ABCA into the Bureau of Current Affairs, moving their offices to Piccadilly in London and continued their activities in peace-time with the assistance of several ABCA contributors including the artists James Boswell. In 1940, Williams was instrumental in the establishment, by Royal Charter, of the Committee for the Encouragement of Music and the Arts (CEMA), to help promote and maintain British culture. CEMA was government funded and was chaired initially by Lord De La Warr, President of the Board of Education and by John Maynard Keynes from 1941.
|
|
Of the 70 rifle division, 41 were now territorial in their establishment. During the 1930s the RKKA infantry forces were not only expanded, but also substantially reorganised, in part due to substantial input of military theorists into their doctrinal development, such as that of Mikhail Tukhachevsky who's 1934 report to the Defence Committee included 13 types of infantry division divisions. On 31 January 1935 the Committee decreed adoption of a single 13 thousand personnel peace-time establishment for a rifle division which included: :three rifle regiments :one artillery regiment: :one tank battalion (mixed) :separate reconnaissance battalion (light tank company, cavalry squadron and SP artillery battery) :communications battalion :separate anti-aircraft machine-gun company :sapper company :aviation flight :rear services This structure more than double the number of combat personnel in the division from the 1929 establishment of 20.2% to 41.7%.
|
|
A Master-at-Arms (US: MA; UK & some Commonwealth: MAA) may be a naval rating, responsible for law enforcement, regulating duties, security, Anti- Terrorism/Force Protection (AT/FP) for/of a country's Navy; an Army officer responsible for physical training; or a member of the crew of a merchant ship (usually a passenger vessel) responsible for security and law enforcement. In some navies, a "ship's corporal" is a position—not the rank—of a petty officer who assists the master-at-arms in his various duties. Historically, a master- at-arms was responsible for the training of soldiers during peace time, or actively involved in leading the defense of a fortification during war time. In some countries, the term "Navy Police" is used for an institution part of a Navy responsible for law enforcement, such as the Royal Navy Police.
|
|
The freighter was refloated within several hours and was able to continue her trip. Flomar remained on the same trade route through June 1940. For example, she brought in large quantity of steel to Tacoma in 1939 to be used in bridge construction there and loaded a large cargo of lumber at various ports of the pacific Northwest for her return trip. The freighter returned to East Coast on her last peace-time trip on 11 June 1941 and went into dock for maintenance and repairs. At the same time following the Emergency proclamation issued by President Roosevelt on 27 May 1941, the vessel together with many other ships were chartered by the Maritime Commission for Red Sea service, which would allow the vessels under US flag to carry matériel and supplies for British troops fighting in North Africa.
|
|
A series of flashfloods struck the northern regions of Luzon resulted to the deaths of 36 persons when Typhoon Miding went slowly in August 1986, it is the worst before Typhoon Pepeng happened in 2009. It was also during Aquino's term that the MV Doña Paz sank, which is the World's worst peace-time maritime disaster of the 20th century. The disaster occurred in December 1987 which killed more than 1,700 people. A series of air disasters occurred in 1987 when Philippine Airlines PR 206 crashed into a mountain in Benguet with 50 passengers found dead on June 26, another on December 13, PR 443 crashes near Maria Cristina Airport in Iligan with 15 people on board were killed and on July 21, 1989, another plane crashed on a runway of the Ninoy Aquino International Airport, killing eight on ground.
|
|
That is not to say that the need for topographic mapping was not a government and public concern but there were only minor attempts to allocate appropriate public resources.Lines, John D Australia on Paper – The Story of Australian Mapping, Fortune Publications, 1992, After Federation in 1901, the Defence Act 1903 made provision for military survey but nothing was immediately done to address the matter. Most recently a royal commission into the way the British Army had conducted itself in South Africa (Boer War) found that the troops had to fight without adequate topographic information. Indeed, accurate maps of the Boer republics did not exist. The Times' history of the Boer War 1899–1902 included: 'The chief deduction to be made in the matter is that no efforts during a war will compensate for the lack of a proper topographical survey made in peace time.
|
|
A Lieutenant-General of the Royal Artillery served as its Commandant and a Major-General as his Deputy, but otherwise its personnel were uniformed civilians: under a Senior Commissary based at Woolwich were Commissaries, Assistant Commissaries, Clerks of Stores and Conductors of Stores (equivalent to Majors, Captains, subalterns and NCOs respectively). In peace time nothing more than a small cadre of officers was maintained (at the headquarters in Woolwich), but in time of war they were supplemented by recruits from the Ordnance Storekeeper's department to serve in the field; thus the strength of the Department varied dramatically, from 4 or 5 (during the peaceful years 1828-1853) to 346 at its peak in 1813. Each recruit received special training in the handling of munitions. During the Crimean War a number of Sergeants were seconded from the Royal Artillery to serve as Military Conductors in addition to the civilian staff.
|
|
The Red Cross Society of Bosnia and Herzegovina (hereinafter: RCS BiH) is a component of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement (hereinafter: Movement). It was recognized by the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) on 8 May 2001 and admitted as a member to the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) on 7 November 2001. The relevant provisions of the law and the statutes define the RCS BiH as a humanitarian organization of citizens of BiH, recognized and authorized to pursue certain humanitarian goals, tasks and public authority with regard to health education activities, social protection, tracing service and other program activities in peace time and during natural and other disasters, emergency situations, in accordance with the principles of humanity, impartiality, neutrality, independence, voluntary service, unity and universality. RCS BiH is the only Red Cross organization which is operational throughout the entire territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
|
|
Sizes of recorded sites vary as might be expected over time with fluctuations in demographics and blurring boundaries of a mobile population. Settlement sites are spread across the whole island, with some apparent clustering on the western leeward side of the island around the mountain and causeway stream catchments, and early archaic settlements at open stream mouths and adjacent spurs. Davidson notes that a clustering around stream mouths and high number of distinct sites might be suggestive of a rotation garden system.Davidson 1978 Pā sites are present on most of the easily defendable coastal headlands, although the relatively small amount of habitable land enclosed within defensive earthworks compared to area of occupied open settlements leads Davidson to conclude some of the open settlements may have been palisaded without earthwork defences, and that settlement on Motutapu was most likely a “peace-time horticultural based occupation, with periodic episodes of stress leading to fort construction and use”.
|
|
For Gotland Coastal Artillery Corps, the new organization meant that the training of air defense guns was transferred to the newly formed air defense forces within the Swedish Army. On 1 April 1960 in a letters patent, it was decided that Gotland Coastal Artillery Defense and Gotland Coastal Artillery Corps from 1 July 1961 were to have a joint commanding officer and joint staff and administrative bodies during peace time. Prior to the Defence Act of 2000, the Swedish Government proposed that the future basic organization should contain two coastal artillery units where one of the two coastal artillery units would constitute a main unit, where the government considered that Vaxholm Coastal Artillery Regiment and the 1st Coastal Artillery Brigade (KA 1) would constitute the main unit. The reason for the fact that the unit had a very good proximity to the Stockholm archipelago, with practice and training areas with designed terrain types.
|
|
To contribute to dealing with regional conflicts and crises as well as to protect the wider interests of the North Macedonia. Tasks: To alert, move, transport and rapidly deploy the units to places, areas and regions To plan, organize and conduct offensive and defensive operations and urban area operations To control the territory, to seal directions and to secure regions To give combat-service supports to the units in peace time, during crisis and war To conduct command and control To support MIA when dealing with threats, risks and dangers for the security of the North Macedonia To support the state authorities and local government units when dealing with natural disasters, epidemics and technical and technological catastrophes To take part in peace keeping missions and conflicts prevention missions abroad and to protect wider interests of RM To plan and conduct personnel and commands training according to NATO standards and procedures and to fully implement the system for training management, to develop leaders – training instructors.
|
|
To contribute to dealing with regional conflicts and crises as well as to protect the wider interests of North Macedonia. Tasks: To alert, move, transport and rapidly deploy the units to places, areas and regions To plan, organize and conduct offensive and defensive operations and urban area operations To control the territory, to seal directions and to secure regions To give combat-service supports to the units in peace time, during crisis and war To conduct command and control To support MIA when dealing with threats, risks and dangers for the security of the Republic of North Macedonia To support the state authorities and local government units when dealing with natural disasters, epidemics and technical and technological catastrophes To take part in peace keeping missions and conflicts prevention missions abroad and to protect wider interests of RM To plan and conduct personnel and commands training according to NATO standards and procedures and to fully implement the system for training management, to develop leaders – training instructors.
|
|
Chris Rice , quoted in Munayer Salim J, Loden Lisa, Through My Enemy's Eyes: Envisioning Reconciliation in Israel-Palestine, quote: "The Palestinian-Israeli divide may be the most intractable conflict of our time."Virginia Page Fortna , Peace Time: Cease- fire Agreements and the Durability of Peace, page 67, "Britain's contradictory promises to Arabs and Jews during World War I sowed the seeds of what would become the international community's most intractable conflict later in the century."Avner Falk, Fratricide in the Holy Land: A Psychoanalytic View of the Arab–Israeli Conflict, Chapter 1, page 8, "Most experts agree that the Arab–Israeli conflict is the most intractable conflict in our world, yet very few scholars have produced any psychological explanation—let alone a satisfactory one—of this conflict's intractability" Despite a long-term peace process and the general reconciliation of Israel with Egypt and Jordan, Israelis and Palestinians have failed to reach a final peace agreement.
|
|
It was selected for renovation due to its compelling need for assistance, and because it provided an optimal training environment for the troops. Some of the training highlights conducted by these peace time subordinate units during 1999 consisted of a BCST with the brigade's wartrace headquarters, 416th Engineer Command. In preparation for this exercise the brigade staff conducted the military decision making process (MDMP) after receiving the initial OPORDER brief from the higher headquarters. The 230th Engineer Battalion and the 775th Well Drilling Detachment conducted operations at the Western Kentucky training site. The 230th conducted horizontal en ops while the 775th conducted well drilling ops. The 212th Dump Truck Company conducted haul operations at Fort Knox in support of the 155th Engineer Company. The 230th Signal Battalion attended annual training at Camp Shelby, Mississippi in support of the 196th Field Artillery Battalion. The Battalion also supported units of the 80th Troop Command by installing digital secure voice telephones (DSVT).
|
|
With the withdrawal of the battalion serving in Singapore as part of the Far East Strategic Reserve, 1973 finally saw all units of the regiment stationed in Australia for the first time. Thus began a period of peace-time soldiering of a sort not before seen in the regiment. The end of National Service significantly diminished the strength of the Army, and at this time the government directed that the number of battalions in the regiment be reduced to six, which was achieved by linking 2 and 4 RAR, 5 and 7 RAR, and 8 and 9 RAR. The strength of units and resources were also reduced, with a shift in strategic and tactical concepts from forward defence to defence of continental Australia. Regardless, from September 1973 the battalions of the regiment provided a company on three monthly rotations to Rifle Company Butterworth in Malaysia as part of the Five Power Defence Arrangements.
|
|
Ukrainian Air Corps patch The tasks of the Air Force of Ukraine are: winning operational air superiority, delivering air strikes against enemy units and facilities, covering troops against enemy air strikes, providing air support to the Land Force and the Navy, disrupting enemy military and state management, damaging and destroying enemy communication, and providing support by air in the form of reconnaissance, air drops, troops and cargo transportation. The major mission of the Air Force is to protect the air space of Ukraine. In peace-time, this is carried out by flying air-space control missions over the entire territory of Ukraine (603,700 square km), and by preventing air space intrusion along the aerial borders (totaling almost 7,000 km, including 5,600 km of land and 1,400 km of sea). Every single day, more than 2,200 service personnel and civilian employees of the Air Force, employing 400 items of weapons and equipment, are summoned to perform defense duties.
|
|
I Brigade RHA and II Brigade RHA were formed for the division and the battery was assigned to I Brigade at Churn. At the end of October 1914, B Battery, Honourable Artillery Company replaced it in I Brigade and the Warwickshire Battery departed for France, landing at Le Havre on 1 November. It was therefore the first Territorial Force artillery unit to go overseas on active service. The 42nd (East Lancashire) Division had departed for Egypt from 10 September 1914, the 43rd (Wessex) Division for India on 9 October, and the 44th (Home Counties) Division also for India on 30 October, complete with their artillery batteries. However, these divisions were to act as garrison forces and neither Egypt nor India was a theatre of war at this time: on arrival in India, the units reverted to peace-time conditions and pushed on with training to prepare for field service, and Britain did not declare war on Turkey until 5 November 1914.
|
|
To-day every European country is to a great extent laid waste, > robbed of its supplies and its gold and currency ruined. One can be seized > with holy rage when one hears how frivolously even well-educated people talk > of reconstruction after the war. It fills one with horror that cultured > people are simply living from day to day at the expense of a universe which > is collapsing and content themselves with the thought that we have not yet > collapsed, fondly imagining that this can go on. > > The transition to peace-time conditions when millions of soldiers have lost > the habit of work and are looking for homes and jobs and finding only ruins > can only come about if we have as the basis of our action a moral, idealist > conception which will seize men's minds and lift them above the material > difficulties and if we can win the people over to this.
|
|
Memorial to those who died in the 1979 Fastnet Race, Lissarnona, Cape Clear Island, Cork, Ireland The 1979 Fastnet Race was the 28th Royal Ocean Racing Club's Fastnet Race, a yachting race held generally every two years since 1925 on a 605-mile course from Cowes direct to the Fastnet Rock and then to Plymouth via south of the Isles of Scilly. In 1979, it was the climax of the five-race Admiral's Cup competition, as it had been since 1957. A worse-than- expected storm on the third day of the race wreaked havoc on over 303 yachts that started the biennial race,1979 RORC Fastnet Race Inquiry report p7 table 1.2 resulting in 19 fatalities (15 yachtsmen and four spectators). Emergency services, naval forces, and civilian vessels from around the west side of the English Channel were summoned to aid what became the largest ever rescue operation in peace-time.
|
|
Among other things, it: #abolished the practice of imprisonment for seamen who deserted their ship #reduced the penalties for disobedience #regulated a seaman's working hours both at sea and in port #established a minimum quality for ship's food #regulated the payment of seamen's wages #required specific levels of safety, particularly the provision of lifeboats #required a minimum percentage of the seamen aboard a vessel to be qualified Able Seamen #required a minimum of 75 percent of the seamen aboard a vessel to understand the language spoken by the officers Another of ISU's successes was the strike of 1919, which resulted in wages that were "an all-time high for deep sea sailors in peace time." However, ISU had its shortcomings and failures, too. After a round of failed contract negotiations, ISU issued an all-ports strike on May 1, 1921. The strike lasted only two months and failed, with resulting wage cuts of 25 percent.
|
|
In 1911, the Republican Guard was transformed in the National Republican Guard (GNR): this was to be a security force consisting of military personnel organised in a special corps of troops depending, in peace time, on the Ministry of Internal Administration, for the purpose of conscription, administration and execution with regards to its mission, and the Ministry of the National Defense for the purpose of uniformization and normalization of the military doctrine, as well as for its armament and equipment. In case of war or situation of crisis, the forces of National Republican Guard will, in terms of the respective laws and for operational effect, be subordinated to the Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces. In 1993 the National Republican Guard absorbed the independent Fiscal Guard (Guarda Fiscal) that became the Fiscal Brigade of the GNR. In 2006 a new GNR unit was created with the purpose of firefighting and was named GIPS.
|
|
During the presentation of the new strategy to nearly 100 chiefs of navies and coast guards from around the world at the Naval War College on October 17, 2007, Chief of Naval Operations, Admiral Gary Roughead, the Navy's top uniformed officer, said humanitarian and disaster aid is built on, "peace- time relationships to help mitigate human suffering by working together with other agencies and other nations responding to crises."Roughead, Gary, "Presenting the New Maritime Strategy". International Seapower Symposium, October 17, 2007 While presenting the U.S. Coast Guard perspective on the new U.S. maritime strategy at the same symposium, Admiral Thad Allen, Commandant of the U.S. Coast Guard, said the new maritime strategy reinforced the time- honored missions his service carried out in this U.S. since 1790. He said: > It reinforces the Coast Guard maritime strategy of safety, security and > stewardship, and it reflects not only the global reach of our maritime > services but the need to integrate and synchronize and act with our > coalition and international partners to not only win wars... but to prevent > wars.
|
|
By this time it had become abundantly clear that within vocational-technical education three restricted and restrictive program tracks were in force: a general education effort, a vocational education program, and various job training programs. During the 1940s and 1950s, the program of vocational education which had developed in the early 1900s from the need to "train boys and girls for work," envisioned as national defense strategy in the 1920s, focused on unemployment in the 1930s, now encountered both the need to assist with the war effort during the 1940s, and the need to provide a transition to a peace-time economy. During this period and into the 1960s, States experienced first the burgeoning of industry related to the war effort, and later, growth in the junior college system and adult education. Influences on vocational education during the 1950s were characterized by light industries springing from new technology, the emergence of the health occupations careers, and the inclusion of work experience as an appropriate part of public education.
|
|
Extrapolating from World War II, the novel's pastiche parallels the politics and rhetoric at war's end—the changed alliances at the "Cold War's" (1945–91) beginning; the Ministry of Truth derives from the BBC's overseas service, controlled by the Ministry of Information; Room 101 derives from a conference room at BBC Broadcasting House; Meyers (2000), p. 214. the Senate House of the University of London, containing the Ministry of Information is the architectural inspiration for the Minitrue; the post-war decrepitude derives from the socio-political life of the UK and the US, i.e., the impoverished Britain of 1948 losing its Empire despite newspaper-reported imperial triumph; and war ally but peace-time foe, Soviet Russia became Eurasia. The term "English Socialism" has precedents in his wartime writings; in the essay "The Lion and the Unicorn: Socialism and the English Genius" (1941), he said that "the war and the revolution are inseparable... the fact that we are at war has turned Socialism from a textbook word into a realisable policy"—because Britain's superannuated social class system hindered the war effort and only a socialist economy would defeat Adolf Hitler.
|
|
In the 1660s and early 1670s, the Swedish Empire experienced a financial crisis. In hope of subsidies, Charles XI of Sweden had entered the anti-French Triple Alliance with the Dutch Republic and the Kingdom of England, which broke apart when Charles II of England rapproached France in 1670, after the War of Devolution. In April 1672, Sweden and France concluded an alliance, with France promising 400,000 riksdalers of subsidies in peace time, to be raised to 600,000 in war time, for Sweden maintaining a 16,000 men strong army in her German dominions. Also, Sweden maintained good relations to the Dukes of Holstein-Gottorp south of Denmark. By September 1674, Sweden had enlarged her army to 22,000 men after France had increased the subsidies to 900,000 riksdalers, which she threatened to withdraw if Sweden was not using this army, stationed in Swedish Pomerania, for an attack on her adversaries. By December, the Swedish army had grown to 25,000 to 26,000 men, 4,000 to 5,000 of whom stationed in Bremen, 2,000 to 3,000 in Wismar, 6,000 to 7,000 in Pomeranian garrisons, and 13,000 free to operate under Lord High Constable and field marshal Carl Gustaf Wrangel.
|
|
In 1940, Field became executive secretary of the American Peace Mobilization (APM), a position for which he had been recruited by Earl Browder himself. "Some time before the APM was formally organized," wrote Field, "Earl Browder asked me if I would accept the executive secretaryship if it were offered me." At APM, Field emerged as a committed pacifist, demanding that the United States stay out of the war in Europe, at least while the Hitler-Stalin pact lasted."Picketers Picketed," Time, June 2, 1941 His reasoning, as he would explain in his autobiography, was that "the European war in those early stages was one between rival imperialists, the British Empire and the Nazi Reich." By summer of the following year, however, Field came to a complete turnaround: on June 20, 1941, in his capacity as executive secretary, he suddenly called off the organization's "peace picketing" of the White House"White House Pickets Stop At 1,029 Hours," Washington Post, June 22, 1941 reversing himself to demand immediate war on Germany"Purely for Peace," Time, July 14, 1941just two days later, Nazi Germany would launch its surprise invasion of the Soviet Union.
|
|
The Chief of the Hellenic National Defence General Staff () conducts the HNDGS and is the main adviser to the Government Council for Foreign Affairs and Defence (KYSEA) and to the Minister of Defence on military issues. Through the Chiefs of General Staffs, he carries out the operational commanding of the Joint Headquarters and the units that come under them, as well as the rest forces, when it comes to the issues of operation plans implementation and the Crises management System implementation, conduction of operations outside the national territory and participation of the Armed Forces in the confrontation of special situations during peace time. He constructs the National Military Strategy after taking into consideration the suggestions of the General Staffs of the Armed Forces Services and according to the directions of the Ministry of Defence he manages and proposes the priority of the armament programs and suggests the general policy directions and priorities on every operational objective. Traditionally, since 1970, the Chief of the HNDGS holds the rank of full general, admiral or air chief marshal, and is the only serving four-star officer of the Hellenic Armed Forces (as opposed to retired, since three-star ranks are often promoted one rank on retirement).
|
|