Funerary monument of Jean-Baptiste Languet de Gergy in Eglise Saint-Sulpice. The monument to Jean-Baptiste Languet de Gergy. Jean-Baptiste Languet de Gergy (1674–1750) was parish priest at Eglise Saint-Sulpice in Paris from 1714 to 1748. He was the initiator of the construction of the Gnomon of Saint- Sulpice.
|
|
William Aspenwall Bradley (editor) (1912): The Correspondence of Philip Sidney and Hubert Languet, p.74-5 at Open Library, Internet Archive, accessed July 2013. but carrying a portrait of Sidney for Languet.William Aspenwall Bradley (editor) (1912): The Correspondence of Philip Sidney and Hubert Languet, p.88 at Open Library, Internet Archive, accessed July 2013. After a brief stay in Vienna, Corbet and Shelly set out with letters of introduction from Languet to friends in Prague, Nuremberg and Augsburg. However, Corbet was soon writing back from Prague to Languet that Shelley was too ill to proceed, which Languet initially put down to Shelley's hypochondria.
|
|
Hubert Languet Hubert Languet (1518 – 30 September 1581 in Antwerp) was a French diplomat and reformer. The leading idea of his diplomacy was that of religious and civil liberty for the protection and expansion of Protestantism. He did everything in his power to advance the union of the Protestant churches.
|
|
The gnomon was built at the initiative of Jean-Baptiste Languet de Gergy, the parish priest at Saint-Sulpice from 1714 to 1748.Rougé, pp.7-12The real history behind the Da Vinci code Sharan Newman p.267 Languet de Gergy initially wished to establish the exact astronomical time in order to ring the bells at the most appropriate time of day.
|
|
In addition to his treatises and religious pamphlets, Languet de Gergy was the author of books on the Divine Office, catechism, and of pastoral letters.
|
|
Languet de Gergy initially wished to establish the exact astrological time in order to ring the bells at the most appropriate time of day. For this, he commissioned the English clockmaker Henry Sully to build the gnomon. A staunch moralist, Languet is famous for denying the sacraments to Marie Louise Élisabeth d'Orléans, Duchess of Berry, eldest daughter of Philippe II, Duke of Orléans.Her countless love affairs and repeated illicit pregnancies had given Berry the reputation of a French Messalina. cf.
|
|
Jean-Joseph Languet de Gergy (; 25 August 1677 – 11 May 1753) was a French ecclesiastic and theologian. He was first bishop of Soissons, then a member of the Académie française, and finally archbishop of Sens.
|
|
In 1549 Languet went to Wittenberg, where he was kindly received by Melanchthon as a guest, frequently accompanying him on his travels and being on intimate terms with his friends. Expelled from France by the persecutions of the Protestants, he settled at Wittenberg, spending the winters there, but making extensive journeys in the summer and autumn. In 1559 Languet, on the recommendation of Melanchthon, entered the service of the elector of Saxony as diplomatic agent, which position he held until 1577. The elector sent him to various courts: to Paris, Vienna, Prague, Frankfurt, Cologne, and the Netherlands.
|
|
Nonetheless, he printed the works of Petrus Ramus and Nicolas Durand de Villegagnon. In 1572, Wechelus escaped the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre thanks to his tenant Hubert Languet, a representative of Augustus, Elector of Saxony. Not long after, Wechelus left Paris for Frankfurt, where he died in 1581.
|
|
Latin and French inscriptions at the base of the obelisk. The mentions of the King and his Ministers were deleted during the French Revolution. After this first attempt, Languet de Gergy resumed the project in 1742, this time with the objective of properly defining the Easter Equinox.Rougé, pp.
|
|
The gall, known as a 'languet',Ellis, Hewett A. (2001). Cecidology. Vol.16, No.1. p. 27. develops and emerges from between the outer scales like a flat, elongated flag with a hard, smooth and slightly shiny surface lacking any hairs. The outer edges are rounded and the tip is broader than the foot of the 'flag'.
|
|
Ill-prepared by her licentious lifestyle, she found her labour harrowing and lengthy. Saint- Simon sarcastically describes this perilous childbirth, which provoked a great scandal and was seen as divine punishment for Berry's very sinful life. It seems that she went into preeclampsia and seemed about to die. The Abbé Languet de Gercy, parish priest of Saint-Sulpice, refused to administer the Holy sacraments.
|
|
The curé of Saint-Sulpice (Paris) church, Jean-Baptiste Languet de Gergy refused to give her the absolution or to let anyone else administer her the sacraments unless she would expel her paramour from the palace. The Regent tried in vain convincing the irate curé to attend his suffering daughter. But the "illustrious sinner" put an end to Languet's vigil by finally giving birth.
|
|
Xenopol, p. 65 While popular with the Polish religious dissenters, the expedition was viewed with skepticism by Western Protestants: Hubert Languet wrote that Heraclid and Łaski were "brothers in foolishness".Xenopol, pp. 65–66 It was also viewed with apprehension by regular Moldavians: the Chronicle of Azarie describes these "men of all tongues" as having the "cruelty of lions", while their leader was a "snake".
|
|
Languet was born in 1518 in Vitteaux, France, located west of Dijon, France. He entered the University of Poitiers in order to study law but he was interested also in theology, history, and science and political science. He visited the universities of Padua and Bologna, and traveled in Italy and Spain. He was greatly influenced by Melanchthon's Loci theologici, which put an end to his doubts.
|
|
390px The French Ambassador's Arrival in Venice or Reception of the French Ambassador in Venice is a 1726-1727 oil on canvas painting by Canaletto, depicting Count Jacques-Vincent Languet de Gergy disembarking onto the quay in front the Doge's Palace and being greeted by officials of the Venetian Republic. It was acquired by Catherine the Great between 1763 and 1796 and now hangs in the Hermitage Museum in St Petersburg.
|
|
Georges Ripley and Charles A. Dana (eds.) The New American Cyclopaedia : A Popular Dictionary of General Knowledge, New York & London, 1858, vol. 3, pp.194-195. At the end of March 1719, the young widow became critically "ill", shut up in a little chamber of her Luxembourg Palace. In fact, she was deep in the pangs of childbirth and as she seemed close to dying, Languet was called upon to administer her the sacraments.
|
|
He impressed Hubert Languet, who gave him an introduction to Sir Philip Sidney. During Walsingham's absence in the Netherlands in the summer of 1578 Beale acted as secretary of state, as also in 1581 and 1583, on occasion of Walsingham's missions to France and Scotland in those years. In the autumn of 1580 he took part in the examination of Richard Stanihurst about the conveying of Gerald Fitzgerald, Lord Offaly, to Spain at the instigation of Thomas Fleming.
|
|
After the death of his daughter, Regent made Meudon available in favor of Saint-Simon one of his principal advisers, a considerable honor. Thus, the famous memorialist could stay close to Saint-Cloud, where the Regent owned his family castle. On the night of June 15–16, 1722, the marriage of the daughter of Saint-Simon, Charlotte of Saint- Simon, with the Prince de Chimay was celebrated at the chateau. The blessing was given by the Abbé Languet de Gercy, parish priest of Saint-Sulpice.
|
|
His principal work was De Regno et Regali Potestate (1600), a strenuous defence of the rights of kings, in which he refutes the doctrines of those he terms monarchomachs: George Buchanan, "Junius Brutus" (Hubert Languet or Philippe de Mornay) and Jean Boucher; he also wrote De potestate papae: an & quatenus in reges & principes seculares jus & imperium habeat (published in 1609, after his death), in opposition to the usurpation of temporal powers by the pope, which called forth the celebrated reply of Cardinal Bellarmine; also commentaries on some of the titles of the Pandects.
|
|
He was also named archbishop of Sens in 1730 and the Conseil d'État (Council of State) in 1747. Languet de Gergy's work on the life of Alacoque was violently attacked by the Jansenites opposed to the catholic devotion of the Sacred Heart. Also defender of the papal bull Unigenitus, he meddled in numerous political-religious controversies, and was equally known for both the content of his pamphlets, and their number. He belonged to the parti des dévots opposed to the philosophies of the Age of Enlightenment and fought fiercely against the candidacies of Montesquieu and Voltaire to l'Académie française.
|
|
The simplicity of the monk's robes and the shaved head adds classical style to the heavily baroque sculpture. He also sculpted the tomb of Marquis Capponi in San Giovanni dei Fiorentini. Other Roman churches showcase his work including San Luigi dei Francesi and Santa Maria della Scala. After his return to France in 1747, Slodtz, in conjunction with his brothers, Antoine-Sebastien and Paul, produced many decorative works in the churches of Paris, and, though many have been destroyed, his most acclaimed achievement is the tomb of Jean-Joseph Languet de Gergy at St. Sulpice, which was commissioned in 1750.
|
|
It was during this time that he Latinised his name to Candidus under the influence of Philip Melanchthon. Having served as secretary to the Humanist Hubert Languet, and also as a schoolmaster, he eventually ordained as a minister and, having served for a while outside the city, became church superintendent in Zweibrücken in 1571. Formerly the church there had been Lutheran, but following the death of Duke Wolfgang it turned to moderate Calvinism, with the support of Pantaleon. As well as theological and historical works, he wrote much poetry, including the fable collection Centum et quinquaginta fabulae (1604).
|
|
Gerardina Tjaberta van Ysselsteyn (1892 – 1975) was a Dutch art historian and textile specialist who wrote several books on the Dutch textile industry.Gerardina Tjaberta van Ysselsteyn in the RKD Van Ysselsteyn was born in Rotterdam as the daughter of the civil engineer , Minister of Agriculture and Economics of the Netherlands from 1918 to 1922, after whom the village of Ysselsteyn has been named.Bio of Hendrik Albert van IJsselsteijn In 1931, van Ysselsteyn conjectured that the Huguenot tract Vindiciae contra tyrannos published in 1579, whose authorship is still unclear, was a collaboration between Hubert Languet and Philippe de Mornay.
|
|
On this occasion Languet advocated the equal recognition of both confessions, but the answer was the St Bartholomew's Day massacre; having narrowly escaped death, he left France in October 1572, and returned there only once more, shortly before his death. From 1573 to 1576 he was at the court of Emperor Maximilian II, whom he accompanied on his various journeys. With the death of Maximilian II in 1576 his connection with the court of Vienna was dissolved. The bitter feelings against him as the friend of Melanchthon and a Calvinist caused him to ask for dismissal from the court.
|
|
Son of the public prosecutor of the parlement of Bourgogne, Languet de Gercy was a protégé of Jacques Bénigne Bossuet, who introduced him to Louis XIV and had him named as the chaplain to the princess. At the same time he was the general vicar of the diocese of Autun, which includes the parish of Paray-le-Monial where the saint Marguerite Marie Alacoque is buried. Ordered to investigate the miracles that were said to have occurred at her hand, he wrote a biography of Alacoque in 1729. Furthermore, he was named bishop of Soissons in 1715, and elected member of l'Académie française in 1721.
|
|
Today, this assumption is generally considered to be without foundationSee C.D. O'Malley Andreas Vesalius' Pilgrimage, Isis 45:2, 1954 and is dismissed by modern biographers. It appears the story was spread by Hubert Languet, a diplomat under Emperor Charles V and then under the Prince of Orange, who claimed in 1565 that Vesalius had performed an autopsy on an aristocrat in Spain while the heart was still beating, leading to the Inquisition's condemning him to death. The story went on to claim that Philip II had the sentence commuted to a pilgrimage. That story re-surfaced several times, until it was more recently revised.
|
|
The gnomon (in the background) and the brass line on the floor In 1727, Jean-Baptiste Languet de Gergy, then priest of Saint-Sulpice, requested the construction of a gnomon in the church as part of its new construction, to help him determine the time of the equinoxes and hence of Easter.Easter Sunday is to be celebrated on the first Sunday following the full moon after the spring equinox. A meridian line of brass was inlaid across the floor and ascending a white marble obelisk, nearly eleven metres high, at the top of which is a sphere surmounted by a cross. The obelisk is dated 1743.
|
|
Since the Council of Nicaea in 325, the Western Church had required that Easter be celebrated on the Sunday on or after the full moon following March 21, which at that time corresponded indeed to the vernal equinox. The Julian calendar being imprecise however, by the 16th century March 21 fell about 10 days after the vernal equinox, a problem that was solved by the introduction of the Gregorian calendar. (The Eastern Christian Church continues to date Easter by the Julian calendar.) Languet de Gergy, however, wished to verify independently the exact date of the vernal equinox through the gnomon in order to ascertain the date of Easter.
|
|
The Monarchomachs included jurists such as the Calvinists François Hotman (1524–1590), Théodore de Bèze (1519–1605), Simon Goulart (1543–1628), Nicolas Barnaud (1538–1604), Hubert Languet (1518–1581), Philippe de Mornay (1549–1623) and George Buchanan (1506–1582), as well as Catholic writers such as Juan de Mariana (1536–1624). Through the means of libels and theoretical tracts, they revived the doctrine of the tyrannicide. It had been opposed during the Middle Ages by the "legists" (jurists who theorized the royal power) who attempted to reserve the title of tyrant to those who tried to overturn the ruling monarch. Legists thus ended up legitimizing, under the name of "tyrannicide", the assassinations of political opponents ordered by the monarch.
|
|
Whether it was Sidney who next challenged Oxford to a duel or the other way around, the matter was not taken further, and the Queen personally took Sidney to task for not recognizing the difference between his status and Oxford's. Christopher Hatton and Sidney's friend Hubert Languet also tried to dissuade Sidney from pursuing the matter, and it was eventually dropped. The specific cause is not known, but in January 1580 Oxford wrote and challenged Sidney; by the end of the month Oxford was confined by the Queen to his chambers, and was not released until early February. Oxford openly quarrelled with the Earl of Leicester at about this time; he was confined to his chamber at Greenwich for some time 'about the libelling between him and my Lord of Leicester'. In the summer of 1580, Gabriel Harvey, apparently motivated by a desire to ingratiate himself with Leicester, satirized Oxford's love for things Italian in verses entitled Speculum Tuscanismi and in Three Proper and Witty Familiar Letters. Although details are unclear, there is evidence that in 1577 Oxford attempted to leave England to see service in the French Wars of Religion on the side of King Henry III.
|
|