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"duchy" Definitions
  1. an area of land that is owned and controlled by a duke or duchess
"duchy" Synonyms
barony dukedom estate principality region territory state province nation land empire kingdom realm country palatinate sovereign state domain commonwealth dominion patch
"duchy" Antonyms
ungoverned territory nonecumene non-ecumene

1000 Sentences With "duchy"

How to use duchy in a sentence? Find typical usage patterns (collocations)/phrases/context for "duchy" and check conjugation/comparative form for "duchy". Mastering all the usages of "duchy" from sentence examples published by news publications.

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The duchy said the prince paid rent, at market value, to avoid the duchy taking on costs it shouldn't.
"The Duchy of Cornwall can be whatever it's convenient for it to be," said John Kirkhope, who wrote a doctoral thesis about the duchy in 2013.
For more than five centuries, Barga had been an exclave of, first, the Republic of Florence and later the Grand Duchy of Tuscany, encircled by a hostile Duchy of Lucca.
"I've started to think about how I will inherit the Duchy one day," William told farmers in Prince Charles: Inside The Duchy of Cornwall, which airs on ITV later this month.
Oliver Letwin MP (former Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster)
It was in the Grand Duchy of Baden, not Prussia.
Much of Prince Charles's income derives from the Duchy of Cornwall.
The Duchy paid Charles $28.1 million (£21.6 million), The Journal reported.
He pays rent to the duchy for Highgrove, his country house.
Michael Gove, the chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, endorsed Corbyn's comments.
That's a small percentage of Charles' income from the Duchy of Cornwall.
The duchy sold its share in the company for $325,000 in 2008.
In 2016, the duchy received more than $130,000 in European Union subsidies.
Any profit that came out of Duchy Original was put into the foundation.
The prince receives an annual income from the Duchy of Cornwall's surplus revenues.
Funds from the duchy pour into the Crown's Privy Purse — or private income.
A 2008 planning law exempts the duchy from ever committing a planning offense.
Currently, that's Prince Charles, who receives the annual income of the Duchy of Cornwall.
The Duchy includes about 205 square miles in 23 counties, and is predominately agricultural.
That year, the prince's income from the duchy was boosted to $528,000 a year.
Part of Prince Charles's Duchy of Cornwall revenue also goes to his immediate family.
Back in 2007, the duchy bought $113,500 of shares in Sustainable Forestry Management Ltd.
Buckingham Palace had no comment on the story and referred all calls to the Duchy.
It isn't just that I've sunk so much time and effort into my little duchy.
The investments were made by the Duchy of Lancaster, which handles the queen&aposs finances.
Cameron is particularly scathing about the current Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, Michael Gove.
The company is also taking advantage of an investment from the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
Most of his wealth stems from a medieval estate known as the Duchy of Cornwall.
Gottlieb Eliel Saarinen was born in 1873 in Rantasalmi in the Grand Duchy of Finland.
The Duchy of Cornwall is given to the Prince of Wales as a source of income.
Approached by the Guardian, the duchy said it had no idea about its investment in BrightHouse.
To help fund the organization, Charles launched Duchy Originals , an organic food product line, in 1992.
Nansledan, the duchy says, has been inspired by Prince Charles's philosophy on architecture and the environment.
The remaining 95% comes from the Duchy of Cornwall, the estate of Harry's father Prince Charles.
Harry's father Charles, The Prince of Wales, set up organic food company "Duchy Originals" in 1990.
The Grand Duchy of Luxembourg—one of the smallest countries in Europe—wants to change that.
They have already agreed to the rules of life on a duchy estate, including the requirement that residents wanting to change the color of their house or door must apply for permission from the duchy and conform to tints reminiscent of fishing cottages on the coast.
The order requiring the Grand Duchy to recover the money follows a well-publicised three-year investigation.
If its application is successful, Lloyds will have legal bases in Britain, Berlin, Frankfurt and the Duchy.
The Duchy hopes Nansledan will show that another way is possible, setting "new standards for urban development".
Between 2006 and 2012, £1 million — or $1.2 million — worth of such property went to the duchy.
Once Prince Charles inherits the throne, he will begin drawing his money from the Duchy of Lancaster ...
That's why their duchy is strewn with tiny bones that lodge in the feet of the faithful.
The 680-year-old Duchy of Cornwall is inherited by the eldest son of the reigning monarch.
The Duchy of Cornwall is often portrayed as a collection of picturesque organic farms with rushing streams.
Snapshot: Above, an archipelago off England's southwestern coast that is part of Prince Charles's Duchy of Cornwall.
The royal duchy of Sussex was created by George III for his fifth son Augustus Frederick in 1801.
While not overtly drumming up business, government officials said there was available office space in the Grand Duchy.
The papers reveal that the Duchy of Lancaster, her private estate, invested millions in a Cayman Islands fund.
I have today instructed the Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster to make these preparations his top priority.
And in addition to the £700,000 paid up front, the duchy would charge £33,000 per year ground rent.
According to the report, the duchy brought Prince Charles a £21.6 million — or over $25 million — distributable surplus.
He is proud to say that the grand duchy has not resorted to the tactics deployed in Paris.
Michael Gove, the Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, is expected to represent the government in his place.
Income from the duchy has nearly tripled in two decades, to £21.6 million, about $28.3 million, last year.
That enables the duchy to charge small ground rents to homeowners grandfathered into long leases, like Mr. Davis.
So this toast is to wish a happy birthday to my son, in every respect a duchy original.
Unearned income from the Duchy of Cornwall might see him over the line, depending on how it was classified.
Expenses stemming from his younger sibling's official royal duties are usually covered by the queen's Duchy of Lancaster income.
And the rules that come with living on duchy-owned land are part of the attraction for some residents.
Harry and Meghan draw an annual income from the Duchy of Cornwall, a hereditary estate owned by Prince Charles.
People like Mr. Davis own their homes there, but the duchy owns the ground on which they are built.
In 2010, Duchy Originals went into partnership with Waitrose, a British supermarket chain, offering organic products to the general public.
That means Harry and Meghan, William and Kate, and their children are all covered by the Duchy of Cornwall, too.
Most extraordinarily in critics' eyes, the duchy has the right to be consulted on any legislation that affects its interests.
The remaining 95 percent comes from the Duchy of Cornwall, a hereditary estate owned by Prince Harry's father, Prince Charles.
The small Duchy of Luxembourg became the first country to adopt legal regulations relating to mining in space, including from asteroids.
Currently, that's Prince Charles (Will's father), who receives the annual income of the Duchy of Cornwall, the Royal Household's website states.
Beyond his connection with the Duchy of Cornwall, the Prince of Wales is also connected to a number of philanthropic efforts.
The private fund, called Duchy of Lancaster estate, is worth around $655 million and provides the Queen with $25.2 million a year.
The Grand Duchy says other countries have similar arrangements, and has offered to share details of the tax deals with other states.
The Queen uses her own money, from the Duchy of Lancaster, to fund the offices of working members of the royal family.
But in 2005, Duchy Originals needed help, and Rivers, along with Higdon, suggested Cicio meet with Charles and offer some business advice.
The Grand Duchy, a founder member of the bloc, says it is making itself an attractive financial center using only legitimate means.
Four years later he began work on Poundbury, an extension to the town of Dorchester, built on land belonging to the Duchy.
Owned by the Duchy of Cornwall (an ancient estate headed by the Prince of Wales), the freehold was not really for sale.
The Duchy of Akhalkalaki (, referred as the Duchy of Javakheti) was a duchy (saeristavo) in mediaeval Georgia. Duchy was created by King Leon III of Abkhazia (957–967).
Duchy of Lower Silesia was a direct continuation of the Duchy of Silesia, but without the territories roughly corresponding to Upper Silesia; hence it was composed of the territories roughly corresponding to Lower Silesia. Some sources refer to it as the Duchy of Silesia; some as Duchy of Lower Silesia; others yet as the Duchy of Wrocław (Breslau). Wrocław was the capital of the Duchy of Silesia, yet this early (1172–1248) Duchy of Silesia should not be confused with the smaller Duchy of Wrocław that was created with further fragmentation in 1248. The Duchy went through various border changes in the coming years, sometimes losing and sometimes gaining territory.
The Duchy of Spoleto and the Duchy of Benevento were under Lombard control.
The company Duchy Originals, a wholly owned subsidiary of The Prince of Wales's Charitable Fund, originated the Duchy Originals brand in 1990 as a premium organic food and drink brand. It also created two other brands, Duchy Selections and Duchy Collections. Duchy Selections was a range of premium free-range (but not organic) pork and fish products and mineral waters, and Duchy Collections was a range of high quality non food products. The Duchy Originals company has never sold the goods that carry the brand names, and other than the short-lived Duchy Originals Food company venture it has not manufactured them.
It became a semi-independent duchy. In 1367 Mamai conquered that duchy. In the end of 14th century duchy declined and in the beginning of 15th century Russians conquered it. Naruçat Duchy was a place where Mişär Tatars and Mişär dialect were formed.
The Duchy of Daya Luhur or Duchy of Dayeuhluhur is a small kingdom or the duchy which is located in Dayeuhluhur now covering the western part of Cilacap Regency. The Grand Duchy of Dayeuhluhur was the predecessor to the Cilacap Regency itself.
In 1156, the Privilegium Minus elevated the march to a duchy, independent of the Duchy of Bavaria.
From the 1820s, the grand duchy had a parliament, the Sejm of the Grand Duchy of Posen.
Soon its territory was taken over by another appanage duchy of Polotsk, Duchy of Minsk governed by Gleb Vseslavich. In 1116, the duchy of Drutsk was taken over by the Grand Duchy of Kiev governed by Volodymyr Monomakh, but by 1150s it was returned to Duchy of Minsk. Eventually Drutsk was entirely taken over by the Principality of Minsk in the second half of the 13th century and in early 14th century by another appanage duchy of Polotsk, Principality of Vitebsk. It is believed that Algirdas, Grand Duke of Lithuania, acquired the Duchy by marriage to Maria of Vitebsk.
609-637 Henry also claimed Frederick's ducal title, which was finally acknowledged by Emperor Henry IV in 1101. The Duchy of Limburg, like most of modern Belgium, was originally within the Duchy of Lower Lorraine. For a while, Lower Lorraine had its own single Duke. It is from this Duchy that the Duchy of Limbourg derived its Ducal status (as did the Duchy of Brabant, in a competitive claim to succession).
Bogislaw was engaging in negotiations with both sides in order to preserve his title to the duchy and the integrity of the duchy itself, as well as its financial viability. His chief concern was to ensure that the depredations that were being visited on much of Germany would not be committed in his duchy. When he learned of Gustavus' intention of landing in Germany, in his duchy, he reached out to the king and requested that the king should not make war in his duchy. The king informed Bogislaw that he was going to land in his duchy, and that upon his conduct depended how the duchy was to be treated.
After Marie Louise's death in 1847, the duchy was restored to the Bourbon-Parma line, which had been ruling the tiny duchy of Lucca. As part of the return the Duchy of Guastalla was transferred to the Duchy of Modena. The Bourbons ruled until 1859, when they were driven out by a revolution following the Sardinian victory in their war against Austria. The duchies of Parma, Piacenza and Guastalla and the duchy of Lucca joined with the Grand Duchy of Tuscany and the duchy of Modena to form the United Provinces of Central Italy in December 1859, and were annexed to the Kingdom of Sardinia in March 1860.
The Duchy of Löwenberg () or Duchy of Lwowek () was one of the Duchies of Silesia established in 1281 as a division of the Duchy of Jawor. The duchy of Lwowek was ruled by the Silesian Piast, Bernard the Lightsome, with its capital at Lwowek Slaski () in Lower Silesia, which gained town rights in 1217.
Duchy Originals Ltd is a wholly owned subsidiary of the Foundation. It was set up as a company by the Prince of Wales in 1990, and since then Duchy Originals and Duchy Selections have become well known food brands manufactured and sold by many different companies. The Duchy Originals company is paid royalties by the sellers of Duchy Original and Duchy Selections foods. The turnover of the company, which is the royalty income notified to the company, and which is also the gross profit, came to £4.86 million in 2006/7.
Waitrose Duchy Organic (formerly Duchy Originals from Waitrose and earlier simply Duchy Originals) is a brand of organic food sold mainly in Waitrose stores in the United Kingdom, Ocado and small independent stores. The brand is a partnership between Waitrose and Duchy Originals Limited, a company set up by Charles, Prince of Wales, in 1990 and named after the Duchy of Cornwall estates that are held in trust by the Prince of Wales.
The village is also home to a football team, Stoke Climsland champions of duchy league 2 17/18 Cornwall Duchy league.
Duchy of Zaslawye, or Iziaslavl () was a duchy on the territory of modern Belarus with the centre in the city of Zaslawye.
The Duchy of Guastalla was an Italian state which existed between 1621 and 1748. It was bordered by the Duchy of Modena and Reggio and the Po River to the north, on the opposite bank of the Duchy of Mantua.
The Duchy of LivoniaTrade, Diplomacy and Cultural Exchange: Continuity and Change in the North , p 17 was a territory of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania – and later a joint domain (Condominium) of the Polish Crown and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
The Duchy of Tskhumi () was a duchy (saeristavo) in a mediaeval Georgia. Ruled by a House of Shervashidze, the duchy existed from 8th to 14th century, in the north-western part of Georgia and comprised territories around modern Sukhumi, Abkhazia.
In the 13th century South Jutland became a duchy. The first duke was Canute Lavard (Knud Lavard). In the late 14th century it took the name of the Duchy of Schleswig. The duchy was named after the city of Schleswig (Slesvig).
The extended Savoy lands were finally raised to a duchy in 1416 by the German king Sigismund (see Duchy of Savoy 1416–1718).
The Attorney-General of the Duchy of Lancaster is the law officer of the Crown for matters arising in the Duchy of Lancaster.
In 1561, during the Livonian War, ' ceased to exist. Its northern parts were ceded to the Swedish Empire and formed into the Duchy of Estonia, its southern territories became part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania — and thus eventually of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth as the Duchy of Livonia and Duchy of Courland and Semigallia. The island of Saaremaa became part of Denmark.
The name of this district traces back to the duchy of Mecklenburg-Strelitz. This duchy was established in 1701 after the former duchy of Mecklenburg-Güstrow ceased to exist. The area of the district is roughly identical with the old duchy's main territory, the Stargarder Land. The old duchy included an exclave around Ratzeburg, which is today situated in Schleswig-Holstein.
The Duchy of Nysa (, ) or Duchy of Neisse () was one of the duchies of Silesia with its capital at Nysa in Lower Silesia. Alongside the Duchy of Siewierz, it was the only ecclesiastical duchy in the Silesian region, as it was ruled by a bishop of the Catholic Church. Nowadays its territory is divided between Poland and the Czech Republic.
Duchy of Belz or principality of Belz was a duchy, formed in the late 12th century in Kievan Rus. During its history the duchy was a constituent part of some other political entities such as the Kingdom of Rus, the Kingdom of Hungary, Duchy of Masovia when eventually in the late 14th century was incorporated into Poland becoming later the Bełz Voivodeship.
The end of the Livonian War in August 1583 saw most of the territory of Old Livonia (Duchy of Courland and Semigallia and Duchy of Livonia) under the control of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, with Swedish control established in the Duchy of Estonia.
Duchy of Łęczyca () was one of the duchies of Poland. It was created around 1231 from the Seniorate Province by Konrad I of Masovia. In 1264 the Duchy of Sieradz was split from it. The last duke of this duchy was Władysław Garbaty.
The Duchy of Krnov (, , ) or Duchy of Jägerndorf () was one of the Duchies of Silesia, which in 1377 emerged from the Duchy of Troppau (Opava), itself a fief of the Bohemian Crown. Its capital was at Krnov in the present-day Czech Republic.
When in 1294 the French king confiscated King Edward's Duchy of Aquitaine, John travelled to FrancePrestwich (1997), pp. 378–9. as the lieutenant of the Duchy,"Principal Office Holders in the Duchy" and "King's Lieutenants in the Duchy (1278–1453)", The Gascon Rolls Project (1317–1468). but failed to take Bordeaux. During Easter of 1295 he had to flee the town of Rions.Prestwich (1997), pp. 381–2.
With the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle (1748), Guastalla was joined to the Duchy of Parma, ruled by the Spanish Bourbons. It was annexed to the Cisalpine Republic in 1802 but became an autonomous duchy in 1806. It was returned in 1815 to the Duchy of Parma, and it remained until 1847 under Parma's rule. With the death in 1847 of Marie Louise, Duchess of Parma, the duchy then passed to the Duchy of Modena and later on to the unified Kingdom of Italy.
He sought refuge at the Ottoman Empire or an alliance with the Grand Duchy of Moscow, before turning to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.Howorth (1880), p. 346. Instead of helping its former ally, the Grand Duchy imprisoned Sheikh Ahmed for over 20 years.Kolodziejczyk (2011), p. 27.
The Duchy of Głogów (, ) or Duchy of Glogau () was one of the Duchies of Silesia ruled by the Silesian Piasts. Its capital was Głogów in Lower Silesia.
Instead Duchy branded products have been sold and manufactured by a number of different retail companies, all of whom have paid royalties to the Duchy Originals Company.
Seal of Bernard the LightsomeBernard the Lightsome was the only ruler of the duchy of Lwowek. He was the youngest son of the Silesian prince Boleslaw II Rogatka and Hedwig, daughter of Henry I, Count of Anhalt. He became the ruler 3 years after his father died, in 1281 when Bernards' brother Bolko I the Strict partitioned the Duchy of Jawor and granted him western part of the duchy with its capital in Lwowek Slaski. The Duchy of Jawor and the duchy of Lwowek cooperated as brothers ruled in the two duchies.
The government considers the duchy to be a Crown body and therefore exempt from paying corporation tax. The tax position of the duchy has been challenged by British republicans. In 2012, following a ruling that the duchy was separate from Prince Charles for the purposes of regulation, Republic (the campaign for an elected head of state) asked HM Revenue and Customs to investigate whether the duchy should still be exempt from tax. The tax exemption is based on the assumption that the duchy estate is inseparable from the tax exempt person of Prince Charles.
After the intervention of King Charles I of Hungary he left Polonia Minor, but on his way back he enforced his supremacy over the Upper Silesian Piasts. In February 1327, five principalities were carved out of Polish Upper Silesia and placed under Bohemian suzerenity: Duchy of Niemodlin, Duchy of Cieszyn, Duchy of Racibórz, Duchy of Koźle and Bytom and the Duchy of Oświęcim and Zator. In April the dukes of Opole and Wrocław also became the tributaries of king John. In 1329, Władysław I the Elbow-high started a war with the Teutonic Order.
In 1524, the Dauphin inherited the Duchy of Brittany on his mother's death, becoming Duke Francis III, although the Duchy was actually ruled by officials of the French crown. The Duchy was inherited upon the death of Francis by his brother, Henry; upon his succession to the French throne in 1547, the Duchy and the crown were effectively merged, the Breton estates having already tied the succession of the Duchy to the French crown, rather than to the line of succession of the Dukes of Brittany, by vote in 1532.
In the mid 14th century the region was part of the Duchy of Kyiv, which was a vassal of the Algirdas' Grand Duchy of Lithuania. According to the Russian historian Aleksandr Shennikov, the region around modern Poltava was a Cuman Duchy belonging to Mansur, who was a son of Mamai.Duchy of the Mamai's descendants. Zarusskiy.org. 29 June 2008 Shennikov also claims that the Mansur Duchy joined the Grand Duchy of Lithuania as an associated state rather than a vassal state, and that the city of Poltava already existed at that time.
The Duchy of Cornwall continued to own Lydford Castle into the 20th century. Albert Richardson, the architect to the Duchy estate, proposed converting the property into a private house in 1912, but the duchy turned down the project. In 1932 the Duchy gave the castle to the Office of Works. Repairs were carried out in the 1930s and the 1950s, and archaeological investigations were undertaken in the 1960s.
The Duchy of Bytom () or Duchy of Beuthen () was one of many Silesian duchies. It was established in Upper Silesia about 1281 during the division of the Duchy of Opole and Racibórz among the sons of Duke Władysław Opolski. The duchy's capital was Bytom (Beuthen), formerly part of Lesser Poland until in 1177 the Polish High Duke Casimir II the Just had attached it to the Silesian Duchy of Racibórz.
Additionally the son of Władysław and Cecilia Renata was to obtain the duchy of Opole and Racibórz in Silesia (Duchy of Opole and Racibórz). However, before everything was confirmed and signed Ferdinand II died and Ferdinand III backed from giving the Silesian duchy to the son of Władysław.
Because of ducal title the Principality was elevated to Duchy on January 4, 1627. The new duchy was de facto independent from the rest of Bohemia. Wallenstein had started an ambitious reconstruction of Jičín, capital of the duchy. He planned to set up bishopric, university and a diet.
The creation of that Duchy was chiefly a part of the legacy of King Gustav Vasa. While the Duchy did not last as an administrative unit, the titular grand principality did, for over two centuries and ultimately, after 1809, evolved into an autonomous duchy under the Russian Empire.
The Duchy of Parma and Piacenza joined with the Grand Duchy of Tuscany and the Duchy of Modena to form the United Provinces of Central Italy in December 1859, and merged with the Kingdom of Sardinia into the Kingdom of Italy in March 1860 after holding a referendum.
In the south the Duchy of Saint Sava held on until 1481, when his duchy was definitely incorporated into the newly formed and renamed province, Sanjak of Herzegovina.
It was originally named after and held by the Aleramici. In 1574, Montferrat was raised to a Duchy by Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor (see Duchy of Montferrat).
Coat of Arms of the Grand Duchy of Oldenburg This list contains the locomotives and railbuses of the Grand Duchy of Oldenburg State Railways (Großherzoglich Oldenburgische Eisenbahn orGOE).
In 2009 the Duchy Originals company decided to sell the bakery, with one-off costs from the sale contributing towards Duchy Originals making a loss for 2009-10.
The Duchy of Bavaria was a stem duchy of the Holy Roman Empire, established in the 10th century, derived from an earlier duchy ruled by the Frankish Agilolfings during the 6th to 8th centuries. The Margraviate of Austria was formed an eastern march to the Duchy of Bavaria in 976, and became a duchy in its own right, the Duchy of Austria, in 1156, in the 13th century falling under the dominion of the House of Habsburg. In the 14th and 15th centuries, upper and lower Bavaria were repeatedly subdivided. Four Duchies (or "partial duchies", Teilherzogtümer) existed after the division of 1392: Lower Bavaria-Straubing, lower Bavaria-Landshut, Bavaria-Ingolstadt and Bavaria-Munich.
When the monarch has no male children, the rights and responsibilities of the duchy revert to the Crown and there is no duke. (The Succession to the Crown Act 2013 does not affect the succession to the duchy, so that if the heir apparent is female she cannot succeed to the duchy.) The Duchy Council, called the Prince's Council, meets twice a year and is chaired by the duke. The Prince's Council is a non- executive body which provides advice to the duke with regard to the management of the Duchy. The duchy also exercises certain legal rights and privileges across Cornwall, including some that elsewhere in England belong to the Crown.
The historical fortifications and gate near the entrance to the Old Town With the partition of the Duchy of Wrocław in 1311 the town passed to the Duchy of Brzeg. In 1322 both the town and municipal area (Weichbild) became a pledged possession of the Duchy of Świdnica, whose duke Bolko I. used the strategic position of Niemcza in his fight against Bohemia. In 1331 Niemcza was successfully defended during the Czech invasion of King John of Bohemia. After 1392 the duchy of Świdnica was dissolved, Niemcza came back to the duchy of Brzeg, which in 1419 was reunited with the Duchy of Legnica and remained under the rule of the Piast dynasty until 1675, although under Bohemian suzerainty.
The Grand Duchy of Berg (), also known as the Grand Duchy of Berg and Cleves, was a territorial grand duchy established in 1806 by Emperor Napoleon after his victory at the Battle of Austerlitz (1805) on territories between the French Empire at the Rhine river and the German Kingdom of Westphalia.
The Duchy of Brzeg () or Duchy of Brieg (), () was one of the Duchies of Silesia, created in 1311 during the fragmentation of the Duchy of Wrocław. A Bohemian fief from 1329, it was ruled by the Silesian Piasts until their extinction in 1675. Its capital was Brzeg in Lower Silesia.
In July 1287 Middleton was appointed to the offices of Seneschal of Gascony and Lieutenant of the Duchy of Aquitaine."Principal Office Holders in the Duchy" and "King's Lieutenants in the Duchy (1278–1453)", The Gascon Rolls Project (1317–1468). He died 31 August or 1 September 1288.Fryde, et al.
Dunstanburgh Castle remained part of the Duchy of Lancaster, but the Duchy was annexed to the Crown when Gaunt's son, Henry IV, took the throne of England in 1399.
Leopold IV Frederick, Duke of Anhalt (1 October 1794 – 22 May 1871) was a German prince of the House of Ascania. From 1817 until 1853 he was ruler of the duchy of Anhalt-Dessau and from 1847 until 1853 also ruler of the duchy of Anhalt-Köthen. From 1853 until 1863 he was the ruler of the joined duchy of Anhalt-Dessau-Köthen and from 1863 the first ruler of the united duchy of Anhalt.
The name of Saxony derives from that of the Germanic tribe of the Saxons. Before the late medieval period, there was a single Duchy of Saxony. The term "Lower Saxony" was used after the dissolution of the stem duchy in the late 13th century to disambiguate the parts of the former duchy ruled by the House of Welf from the Electorate of Saxony on one hand, and from the Duchy of Westphalia on the other.
Piast tower in Cieszyn Cieszyn Silesia covers the area of the former Duchy of Teschen, which existed from 1290 to 1918. Before 1290 the area constituted a castellany, which together with Castellany of Racibórz formed the Duchy of Racibórz in 1172. From 1202 it was a part of the united Duchy of Opole and Racibórz. From 1290 to 1653 the Duchy of Teschen was ruled by the local branch of the Piast dynasty.
Saxe-Hildburghausen lost the Districts of Königsberg and Sonnefeld to the new Duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha and the rest of its territories to the Duchy of Saxe-Meiningen. But the last Duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen, Frederick, became the new Duke of Saxe-Altenburg. In 1868, four districts were established in the Duchy of Saxe-Meiningen. One of them was Hildburghausen, with boundaries very similar to those of the former duchy.
The Duchy of Lorraine ( ; ), originally Upper Lorraine, was a duchy now included in the larger present-day region of Lorraine in northeastern France. Its capital was Nancy. It was founded in 959 following the division of Lotharingia into two separate duchies: Upper and Lower Lorraine, the westernmost parts of the Holy Roman Empire. The Lower duchy was quickly dismantled, while Upper Lorraine came to be known as simply the Duchy of Lorraine.
The Duchy was valued at approximately £533 million in 2018.Duchy of Lancaster Annual Report 2018; archived 2009-09-02 on the Internet Archive. The land is organised into the Lancashire Survey, the Yorkshire Survey, the Crewe Survey, the Nedwood Estate and the South Survey. The Sovereign is not entitled to the Duchy's capital, but the net revenues of the Duchy are the property of the Sovereign in right of the Duchy of Lancaster.
The Grand Duchy of Baden contributed six battalions, one squadron, and one foot artillery battery. The small German states were represented by the Grand Duchy of Würzburg, two battalions, Duchy of Berg, two battalions, and Duchy of Nassau, three battalions. The 15,000 Swedish defenders included three Finnish battalions, Pommeranian Landwehr garrison troops, one battalion of the King's Leib Infantry Regiment and one battalion of the Engelbrechten Infantry Regiment. There were 500 cannons in the fortress.
In 1715 the Duchy of Bremen became a fief to the House of Hanover. In 1807 the ephemeral Kingdom of Westphalia annexed the Duchy, before France annexed it in 1810. In 1813 the Duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which - after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 - incorporated the Duchy in a real union and the Ducal territory, including Bederkesa, became part of the new Stade Region, established in 1823.
Original coat of arms of the County and Duchy of Guelders Coat of arms after 1379 This article is about the rulers of the historical county and duchy of Guelders.
In 1003, Bolesław I conquered the Duchy of Bohemia, imprisoned its Přemyslid duke, Boleslaus III,Herbers & Neuhaus (2005), p. 56 and denied Henry II the oath of allegiance for the duchy. Henry II did not accept this,Schwarz (2006), p. 24 and was determined to contest the Polish claims to the Bohemian duchy.
Following the War of the Polish Succession, future Holy Roman Emperor Francis I was forced to exchange his native Duchy of Lorraine for the Grand Duchy of Tuscany. He later passed the grand duchy to a younger son, but the main branch of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine continued to use the title.
Marshal Trivulzio now became aware that the Venetian army, allies of the Duchy of Milan, were crossing into the Duchy from the east in an attempt to aid the Milanese army before it was too late. Accordingly, Marshal Trivulzio marched his army to Pavia, the last fortified town in the Duchy of Milan.
The Grand Duchy of Hesse and by Rhine () was a grand duchy in western Germany that existed from 1806 (the period of German mediatization) to the end of the German Empire in 1918. The grand duchy originally formed on the basis of the Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt in 1806 as the Grand Duchy of Hesse (). After the end of the Napoleonic Wars in 1815, it changed its name in 1816 to distinguish itself from the Electorate of Hesse, which had formed from neighboring Hesse-Kassel. Colloquially, the grand duchy continued to be known by its former name of Hesse-Darmstadt.
Originally a part of Lesser Poland, the area was acquired by the Silesian Piast Duke Władysław of Opole by a 1274 agreement with the Polish Princeps Bolesław V the Chaste. Zator then belonged to the Upper Silesian Duchy of Opole and after Władysław's death in 1281 fell to the Duchy of Cieszyn. It received town privileges in 1292. From 1315 on Zator belonged to the Duchy of Oświęcim split off Cieszyn and in 1445 even became the capital of a Piast duchy in its own right, the Duchy of Zator under Duke Wenceslaus I, a Bohemian vassal.
In 1413 the Union of Horodło introduced the title of voivode to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Before the reform, the area, centered on Vilnius, was known as the Duchy of Lithuania or sometimes as the Duchy of Vilnius. Vilnius Voivodeship became the capital voivodeship of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. After the Union of Lublin in 1569 which formed the Commonwealth, Grand Duchy retained much of its autonomy, and Vilnius Voivodeship remained its capital voivodeship, just as Vilnius remained its capital city, although the capital of the Commonwealth was first in Cracow (Cracow Voivodeship) and later in Warsaw (Masovian Voivodeship).
Plön Castle, former residence of the dukes The Duchy of Schleswig-Holstein- Sonderburg-Plön (), also Schleswig-Holstein-Plön, Holstein-Plön or just Duchy of Plön, was a small sub-duchy (Teilherzogtum) created by the physical division of the Duchy of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg. Today, its remaining significance is primarily the building of Plön Castle. The Duchy of Plön was not a territorial dukedom in its own right, but a sub-division within the state structure of the duchies of Schleswig and Holstein. The scattered territorial dominion lay mostly in the southeast part of present-day German state of Schleswig-Holstein.
Carloman received rule over the Duchy of Bavaria. In 865 the elder Louis was forced to divide his remaining lands among his heirs: Duchy of Saxony (with Duchy of Franconia and Duchy of Thuringia) went to Louis; Alemannia (Duchy of Swabia with Rhaetia) went to Charles. Lotharingia was to be divided between the younger two. When in 875 the Emperor Louis II, who was also King of Italy, died having agreed with Louis the German that Carloman would succeed him in Italy, Charles the Bald of West Francia invaded the peninsula and had himself crowned king and emperor.
Thereby the Duchy of Lower Lotharingia finally lost its territorial authority, while the remnant Imperial fief held by the Dukes of Brabant was later called the Duchy of Lothier (or Lothryk).
Within the German Empire (1871–1918), the northern part of Hohenfelden belonged to the Grand Duchy of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach, while the southern part belonged to the Duchy of Saxe-Meiningen.
The Duchy of Teschen (), also Duchy of Cieszyn () or Duchy of Těšín (, was one of the Duchies of Silesia centered on Cieszyn (Teschen) in Upper Silesia. It was split off the Silesian Duchy of Opole and Racibórz in 1281 during the feudal division of Poland and was ruled by Silesian dukes of the Piast dynasty from 1290 until the line became extinct with the death of Duchess Elizabeth Lucretia in 1653.Panic 2002, 6. The ducal lands initially comprised former Lesser Polish territories east of the Biała River, which in about 1315 again split off as the Polish Duchy of Oświęcim, while the remaining duchy became a fiefdom of the Bohemian kings in 1327 and was incorporated into the Lands of the Bohemian Crown in 1348.
Livonia had been part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania from 1561, since the Livonian Order was secularized by the Union of Vilnius and the Livonian Confederation dissolved during the Livonian Wars. Part of Livonia, formed the Duchy of Courland and Semigallia, while the south-west part of today's Estonia and north-east part of today's Latvia, covering what is now Vidzeme and Latgale, were ceded to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. In 1566, it was declared as the Duchy of Livonia according to the Treaty of Union between the landowners of Livonia and authorities of Lithuania; Jan Hieronimowicz Chodkiewicz became the first Governor of the Duchy (1566–1578) in Sigulda Castle. It was a province of Grand Duchy of Lithuania until 1569.
The Duchy of Gascony or Duchy of Vasconia (; ; ) was a duchy in present southwestern France and northeastern Spain, an area encompassing the modern region of Gascony. The Duchy of Gascony, then known as Wasconia, was originally a Frankish march formed to hold sway over the Basques (Vascones). However, the Duchy went through different periods, from its early years with its distinctively Basque element to the merger in personal union with the Duchy of Aquitaine to the later period as a dependency of the Plantagenet kings of England. In the Hundred Years' War, Charles V of France conquered most of Gascony by 1380, and under Charles VII of France it was incorporated into the kingdom of France in its entirety in 1453.
Map of the Duchy of Reggio in the 18th century The Duchy of Reggio was one of the states that belonged to the Duchy of Modena and Reggio, ruled by the House of Este, in the north of Italy, in a territory now belonging to the Province of Reggio Emilia. The capital was Reggio. The perimeter of the duchy was from the Apennines to the river Po. The ancient borders were with the County of Novellara and Bagnolo (ruled by a branch of the House of Gonzaga), and the County of Guastalla, the Principality of Correggio, the Duchy of Modena and Garfagnana, all ruled by the dukes of Este. Other neighbour states were those of Lucca, Tuscany, the Duchy of Parma and the Marquisate of Mantua.
The duchy was reformed as the département of Taro.
A number of seceded territories even gained imperial immediacy, while others only changed their liege lord on the occasion. The following list includes states that existed in the territory of the former stem duchy in addition to the two legal successors of the stem duchy, the Ascanian Duchy of Saxony formed in 1296 centered around Wittenberg and Lauenburg, as well as the Duchy of Westphalia, held by the Archbishops of Cologne, that already split off in 1180.
The Prussian Lithuanian newspaper Pakajaus Paſlas!: Lietuwos Brolams bei Seſerims Diewo- Ʒodi ir Surinkimus apſakas was published between 1881 and 1939. Literature in the Lithuanian language appeared earlier in the Duchy of Prussia than in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. The first book in Lithuanian was published in Königsberg in 1547 by Martynas Mažvydas, an émigré from Grand Duchy of Lithuania, while the first Lithuanian book in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania was printed in 1596 by Mikalojus Daukša.
When Frederick died in 1539, the Lutheran Henry became heir presumptive to the Duchy under the Act of Settlement of 1499. To prevent a Protestant succession, George tried to override his father's will, disinherit Henry, and bequeath the Duchy to Ferdinand, brother of Charles V. However, George died only two months later, and Henry succeeded to the Duchy aged 66. He made Lutheranism the state religion of the Duchy of Saxony but reigned for only two years.
In 1807 the Kingdom of Westphalia was created although it did not include the Duchy and had its capital in Hesse at Kassel. The Congress of Vienna awarded the Duchy of Westphalia to Prussia in exchange for important lands west of the Rhine, and the Duchy was incorporated into the Province of Westphalia in 1815.
After Louis' death, the duchy was not divided. His testament required dukes Alexander and Kaspar to rule the duchy jointly. However, Alexander declared his older brother mentally ill, locked him up and ruled the duchy alone. Alexander also waged war on the Electoral Palatinate; his troops looted the Palatinate during the Landshut War of Succession.
The Duchy of Lancaster owns approximately including Lancaster Castle and is administered by a Chancellor. The Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster is normally a member of the British Cabinet. The income of the Duchy of Lancaster accrues to the Duke of Lancaster, a title which has been held by the reigning monarch since 1413.
The Duchy of Anhalt () was a historical German duchy. The duchy was located between the Harz Mountains in the west and the river Elbe and beyond to the Fläming Heath in the east. The territory was once ruled by the House of Ascania, and is now part of the federal state of Saxony-Anhalt.
These entities (Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria, Kraków, Duchy of Oświęcim, and Duchy of Zator) were formally separate; they were listed each in the Austrian emperor's titles, each had its distinct coat of arms and flag. For administrative purposes, however, they formed a single province. The Duchy had its own local government, the Governorate Commission ().
Teilherzogtum is a German term denoting a part () of a duchy () after the duchy had been internally partitioned among members of the respective ducal family. Teilherzogtum does not have an English cognate.
For the guberniya (, , , ) as subdivisions of the Kingdom of Poland ("Russian Poland") and the Grand Duchy of Finland; see Administrative division of Congress Poland and Governorates of the Grand Duchy of Finland.
Wedgwood 1439-1509, Reg. p. xlii. Keeper of the King's Wardrobe, and Chief Steward of the Duchy of Lancaster from 1441 to 1447.Somerville, Duchy, i. 428; CPR, 1446-52, p. 123.
After the expansion of the Lithuanian state in the 13th century, when it became known as the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Kingdom of Lithuania (1251–1263), the Duchy of Lithuania became an administrative unit, governed by dukesKnown as kunigaikštis in Lithuanian, a word derived from kunigas, itself derived from the German künig, meaning "king" and inherited through dynastic links. The main administrative center of the Duchy until the late 13th century might have been Kernavė. It is possible that the Duchy of Lithuania, which became known as the Duchy of Vilnius from the 14th century on, was formed out of the eastern part of the original Duchy of Lithuania under the rule of Grand Duke of Lithuania Vytenis at the end of the 13th century; its southwestern part was turned into a separate Duchy of Trakai, under the dominion of Gediminas, who had established himself in the newly built Senieji Trakai Castle. It is known for certain that the Duchy of Trakai existed as the domain of Kęstutis at the beginning of his rule in 1337.
Kettler turned to Sigismund for help. (online) The weakened Livonian Order was dissolved by the second Treaty of Vilnius in 1561. Its lands were secularised as the Duchy of Livonia and Duchy of Courland and Semigallia and assigned to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Kettler became the first Duke of Courland, in doing so converting to Lutheranism.
Between 1809 and 1917 Finland was an autonomous part of the Russian Empire as the Grand Duchy of Finland. Between 1881 and 1901 the Grand Duchy had its own army. Before that several other military units had also been formed. The Grand Duchy inherited its allotment system (Finnish: ruotujakolaitos, Swedish: indelningsverket) from the Swedish military organization.
Sardinia annexed Lombardy from Austria; it later occupied and annexed the United Provinces of Central Italy, consisting of the Grand Duchy of Tuscany, the Duchy of Parma, the Duchy of Modena and Reggio and the Papal Legations on 22 March 1860. Sardinia handed Savoy and Nice over to France at the Treaty of Turin on 24 March 1860.
The Duchy of Głubczyce was split off for Nicholas III, with Přemek and Wenceslaus sharing the reduced Duchy of Opava. Wenceslaus died in 1381, and Přemek then ruled Opava alone. Before Nicholas III died in 1394, he had pledged Głubczyce, Zlaté Hory, Hlučín and Krzanowice to the Duchy of Oels. Přemek was later able to redeem Głubczyce.
The Duchy of Inowrocław () was one of the territories created during the period of the fragmentation of Poland. It was originally part of the Duchy of Kuyavia, but was separated by Ziemomysł and Władysław I the Elbow-high, upon the death of Duke Casimir I in 1267. The Inowrocław Voivodeship was established on the territory of duchy in 1364.
They also had a mill and brewery. In 1359 the town passed to the Duchy of Wolgast, in 1368 to the Duchy of Słupsk, and in 1459 back to the united Duchy of Pomerania. In 1567, Pomeranian Duke Barnim XI issued the town the right to hold two annual fairs. In 1598, a church was constructed.
Jacques was the last Duke of Bouillon, and following the Napoleonic Wars the duchy was absorbed into the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. The Princes of Guéméné today claim the Duchy of Bouillon as their own due to the marriage of Marie Louise (his aunt) and Jules de Rohan, Prince of Guéméné. He has no known descendants.
Sejm of the Duchy of Warsaw () was the parliament of the Duchy of Warsaw. It was created in 1807 by Napoleon, who granted a new constitution to the recently created Duchy. It had limited competences, including having no legislative initiative. It met three times: for regular sessions in 1809 and 1811, and for an extraordinary session in 1812.
In retaliation, the King of Poland launches an attack against the Duchy of Oleśnica. In 1355 Konrad I took control over the Duchy of Koźle (Kosel). On 8 December 1357, the Duchy of Bytom (Beuthen) was divided between him and Duke Casimir I of Cieszyn. The following year, he bought Milicz to the Bishopric of Wrocław.
The Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster is a ministerial officeHouse of Commons Disqualification Act 1975 c. 24, Schedule 2 in the Government of the United Kingdom that includes as part of its duties the administration of the estates and rents of the Duchy of Lancaster.Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster - Glossary page - UK Parliament . Parliament.uk (21 April 2010).
Duchy of Courland and Semigallia Couronian settlements in Africa Couronian settlements in Americas (New Courland on Tobago) Couronian colonisation refers to the colonisation efforts of the Duchy of Courland and Semigallia, a vassal of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Small, but wealthy, the Duchy took a modest part in the European colonization and settlement of West Africa and the Caribbean.
From 1742, the official flag of the Duchy of Teschen was the Austrian Silesia flag, which included the Duchy of TeschenA. Znamierowski, Pieczęcie i herby Śląska Cieszyńskiego, Górki Wielkie - Cieszyn 2011, , s. 30..
Bernard died unmarried and childless in 1286 and because of a lack of heirs the duchy of Lwowek was annexed and ruled by the Duchy of Jawor again by Bernard's brother Bolko I.
The most important person in the duchy was, in fact, the French ambassador, based in the duchy's capital, Warsaw. Significantly, the duchy lacked its own diplomatic representation abroad.Roberts, Andrew (2014). Napoleon: A Life.
The principality was annexed by the Grand Duchy of Moscow.
The monarch retains the income from the Duchy of Lancaster.
The voivodeship was based on the Sandomerz ziemia, which earlier was the Duchy of Sandomierz. The Duchy of Sandomierz was created in 1138 by King Bolesław III Wrymouth, who in his testament divided Poland into five principalities. One of them, with the capital at Sandomierz, was assigned to Krzywousty's son, Henry of Sandomierz. Later on, with southern part of the Seniorate Province (which emerged into the Duchy of Krakow), the Duchy of Sandomierz created Lesser Poland, divided into Kraków and Sandomierz Voivodeships.
1809, when the authorities of the Duchy of Warsaw to which Chrzanów belonged to then, annulled all municipal coats-of-arms. Following the fall of the Duchy of Warsaw (1815) the arms of the Duchy was adopted as the arms of Chrzanów. It is unclear why the ancient and traditional arms were not restored. The arms of the Duchy of Warsaw, adopted after 1815 as the arms of Chrzanów, were a shield divided in half and placed under a royal crown.
At the synod, Henry II obtained permission for the foundation of the Diocese. It was also decided that Eberhard, Henry II's Imperial Chancellor, would be ordained by Willigis, the Archbishop of Mainz and Primate of Germany, to head the new Diocese. Henry II made many wide-ranging gifts to the new Diocese to ensure its solid foundation. Henry II assigned many counties in the Duchy of Franconia, the Duchy of Saxony, the Duchy of Carinthia, and the Duchy of Swabia.
The Duchy of Cornwall Act 1844 (7 & 8 Vict c 65) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Nothing in the Duchy of Cornwall Management Act 1863 contained takes away, alters or prejudices, further or otherwise than as the same are thereby expressly rescinded or altered, any powers or provisions contained in the Duchy of Cornwall Act 1844.The Duchy of Cornwall Management Act 1863, section 40 See also sections 6 and 14 of the Assessionable Manors Award Act 1848.
They turned to the Aragonese King of Sicily, Frederick II, who appointed his son Manfred as Duke of Athens. In practice, the Duchy was governed by a succession of vicars-general appointed by the Aragonese Crown, often cadet members of the Aragonese royal family. The most successful vicar-general, Alfonso Fadrique, expanded the Duchy into Thessaly, establishing the Duchy of Neopatras in 1319. The Catalans consolidated their rule and survived a Briennist attempt to recover the Duchy in 1331–1332.
The Duke and Duchess of Scania in 1905 A duchy is a medieval country, territory, fief, or domain ruled by a duke or duchess, a high-ranking nobleman hierarchically second to the king or queen in European tradition. The term is used almost exclusively in Europe, where in the present day there is no sovereign duchy (i.e. with the status of a nation state) left. The term "duke" (like the corresponding "duchy") should not be confused with the title Grand Duke (or Grand Duchy, such as the present-day Grand Duchy of Luxembourg), as there exists a significant difference of rank between the two.
This was evidenced in 2002 when Kerrier District Council objected to duchy plans to commence development on one of its properties. Income from the Duchy of Cornwall goes to the Duke of Cornwall, or, when there is no duke, to the Sovereign (but the money is then paid to the heir to the throne under the Sovereign Grant Act 2011). The duchy is now considered to be a private estate and conveys to the Prince of Wales the greater part of his income. The only other Duchy in the United Kingdom is the Duchy of Lancaster, which is also an estate rather than a peerage dignity.
Politically the village belonged initially to the Duchy of Cieszyn and Castellany of Oświęcim, which was in 1315 formed in the process of feudal fragmentation of Poland into the Duchy of Oświęcim, ruled by a local branch of Silesian Piast dynasty. In 1327 the duchy became a fee of the Kingdom of Bohemia. In 1457 Jan IV of Oświęcim agreed to sell the duchy to the Polish Crown, and in the accompanying document issued on 21 February the village was mentioned as Lipnik. The territory of the Duchy of Oświęcim was eventually incorporated into Poland in 1564 and formed Silesian County of Kraków Voivodeship.
Politically both villages belonged to the Duchy of Opole and Racibórz and the Castellany of Oświęcim, which was in 1315 formed in the process of feudal fragmentation of Poland into the Duchy of Oświęcim, ruled by a local branch of Silesian Piast dynasty. In 1327 the duchy became a fee of the Kingdom of Bohemia. In 1457 Jan IV of Oświęcim agreed to sell the duchy to the Polish Crown, and in the accompanying document issued on 21 February the village was mentioned as Stara Wyesz. The territory of the Duchy of Oświęcim was eventually incorporated into Poland in 1564 and formed Silesian County of Kraków Voivodeship.
The Duchy Tenants Association was formed on the Isles of Scilly in 1996 when a number of farm and residential tenants of the Duchy of Cornwall on the Islands banded together to challenge their landlord over the introduction of a ‘Bed Tax’ policy. As a result, the Duchy was obliged to negotiate an agreement rather than impose unilaterally its own scheme. Over the years, membership has more than tripled, and the association has taken up a range of issues on Scilly and kept members alert to Duchy plans for the Islands. It represents business, farm and residential tenants of the Duchy of Cornwall in Britain’s most south-westerly community.
The third Article of the Statute establishes that all lands of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania will be eternally in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and never enter as a part of other states. It allowed the right to own land within the Grand Duchy of Lithuania to only its own families. Anyone from outside the Duchy gaining rights to a property would actually own it only after swearing allegiance to the Grand Duke of Lithuania. These articles were aimed to defend the rights of the nobility of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania nobility against Polish, Prussian and other aristocracy of Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
With the collapse of the exarchate and the capture of Ravenna by the Lombards in 751,. the duchy of Perugia was left under de facto Papal authority by 752.. In a passage of the Ludovicianum that can date no earlier than 774, the cities of the Roman duchy are listed from north to south, with the cities of the duchy of Perugia added to those of Roman Tuscany, indicating that by the time of conquest of the Lombard kingdom by the Franks, Perugia had been incorporated into the Papally-ruled duchy of Rome.. In fact, the duchy of Perugia as a distinct political unit cannot be charted later than the 740s..
According to the 1528 census of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, the family had to provide the most troops in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.A. Bumblauskas. Senosios Lietuvos istorija, 1009-1795. Vilnius, 2005. p.
The Duchy of Massa was the duchy that controlled the towns of Massa and Carrara; the area is now part of unified Italy, but retains its local identity as the province of Massa-Carrara.
A separate entity called Nitra Frontier Duchy, existed at this time within the Kingdom of Hungary. This duchy was abolished in 1107. The territory inhabited by the Slovaks in present-day Hungary was gradually reduced.
The Duchy of Salzburg () was a Cisleithanian crown land of the Austrian Empire and Austria-Hungary from 1849–1918. Its capital was Salzburg, while other towns in the duchy included Zell am See and Gastein.
The Vilnius Voivodeship (, , , ) was one of the voivodeships in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, created in 1413, from the Duchy of Lithuania and neighbouring lands and later incorporated into the newly established Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
As part of the Russian Empire Finland came to constitute a separate grand duchy. In 1812 Russia made the territories of the Vyborg Governorate part of the new Grand Duchy of Finland as Viipuri Province.
The Duchy became part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania where it existed as an autonomous principality until an administrative reform in 1565–1566, when it was included into the Orsha county of Vitebsk Voivodeship.
The local dynasty, descended from Docibilis, would never recover its duchy.
After her death, the duchy was to revert to the Bourbons.
Amsterdam, A.M. Hakkert. For this he was granted duchy of Hereti.
It is now ruined, and owned by the Duchy of Cornwall.
Construction of Ludwigsburg Palace cost the Duchy of Württemberg 3,000,000 florins.
Mansfeld was part of the Duchy of Saxony annexed by Prussia.
The Lombard Duchy of Benevento in the 8th century. The Duchy of Benevento (after 774, Principality of Benevento) was the southernmost Lombard duchy in the Italian Peninsula that was centred on Benevento, a city in Southern Italy. Lombard dukes ruled Benevento from 571 to 1077, when it was conquered by the Normans for four years before it was given to the Pope. Being cut off from the rest of the Lombard possessions by the papal Duchy of Rome, Benevento was practically independent from the start.
Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach () was created as a duchy in 1809 by the merger of the Ernestine duchies of Saxe-Weimar and Saxe-Eisenach, which had been in personal union since 1741. It was raised to a grand duchy in 1815 by resolution of the Vienna Congress. In 1903, it officially changed its name to the Grand Duchy of Saxony (), but this name was rarely used. The Grand Duchy came to an end in the German Revolution of 1918–19 with the other monarchies of the German Empire.
Coat- of-arms of the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg Henry the Lion's grandson Otto the Child became duke of a part of Saxony in 1235, the new Duchy of Brunswick- Lüneburg, and died there in 1252. The duchy was divided several times during the High Middle Ages amongst various lines of the House of Welf. The subordinate states had the legal status of principalities within the duchy, which remained as an undivided imperial fief. Each state was generally named after the ruler's residence, e.g.
Duchy of Bohemia within Central Europe in 919-1125 In 1002 Duke Vladivoj was enfeoffed with the Duchy of Bohemia from the hands of King Henry II of Germany. With this act, what had been a fully sovereign duchy became part of the Holy Roman Empire. After Vladivoj died the next year, the Polish duke Bolesław I the Brave invaded Bohemia and Moravia. In 1004, after the Poles were expelled from Bohemia with help from Henry II, Duke Jaromír received the duchy in fief from the king.
In 1269, Nicholas, bastard son of King Ottokar II who was legitimized by pope Alexander IV in 1260, became Duke of Opava. In 1337, his son Nicholas II inherited the Duchy of Ratibor. His four sons divided the Duchy of Opava (the Duchy of Ratibor was inherited only by the eldest, John). Thus started the partition of a once-unified land between the descendants of Nicholas II. In 1443, William, Duke of Opava gained the Duchy of Münsterberg, which was held by Přemyslids until 1456.
Westphalia within Saxony circa 1000 CE Along with Eastphalia, Angria and Nordalbingia, Westphalia (Westfalahi) was originally a district of the Duchy of Saxony. At the time, large portions of its territory in the north lay in what today is Lower Saxony. Following the deposition of the Saxon duke Henry the Lion in 1180 and the subsequent belittlement of the duchy, Westphalia was elevated to a duchy in its own right by Emperor Barbarossa. The Duchy of Westphalia comprised only a small area south of the Lippe River.
In 1807 the ephemeric Kingdom of Westphalia annexed the Duchy, before France annexed it in 1810. In 1813 the Duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which - after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 - incorporated the Duchy in a real union and the Ducal territory, including Rhade, became part of the new Stade Region, established in 1823.
In 1807 the ephemeric Kingdom of Westphalia annexed the duchy, before France annexed it in 1810. In 1813 the Duchy of Bremen was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which – after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 – incorporated the duchy in a real union and the ducal territory, including Agathenburg, became part of the Stade Region, established in 1823.
In 1807 the ephemeric Kingdom of Westphalia annexed the Duchy, before France annexed it in 1810. In 1813 the Duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which – after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 – incorporated the Duchy in a real union and the Ducal territory, including Krummendeich, became part of the Stade Region, established in 1823.
In 1807 the ephemeric Kingdom of Westphalia annexed the Duchy, before France annexed it in 1810. In 1813 the Duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which - after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 - incorporated the Duchy in a real union and the Ducal territory, including Appeln, became part of the new Stade Region, established in 1823.
In 1807 the ephemeric Kingdom of Westphalia annexed the Duchy, before France annexed it in 1810. In 1813 the Duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which - after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 - incorporated the Duchy in a real union and the Ducal territory, including Wulsbüttel, became part of the new Stade Region, established in 1823.
In 1807 the ephemeric Kingdom of Westphalia annexed the Duchy, before France annexed it in 1810. In 1813 the Duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which - after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 - incorporated the Duchy in a real union and the Ducal territory, including Hollen, became part of the new Stade Region, established in 1823.
In 1807 the ephemeric Kingdom of Westphalia annexed the duchy, before France annexed it in 1810. In 1813 the duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which - after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 - incorporated the duchy in a real union and the ducal territory, including Ihlienworth, became part of the new Stade Region, established in 1823.
In 1807, the ephemeric Kingdom of Westphalia annexed the Duchy before France annexed it in 1810. In 1813, the Duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which - after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 - incorporated the Duchy in a real union and the Ducal territory, including Köhlen, became part of the new Stade Region, established in 1823.
In 1807 the ephemeric Kingdom of Westphalia annexed the Duchy, before France annexed it in 1810. In 1813 the Duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which - after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 - incorporated the Duchy in a real union and the Ducal territory, including Frelsdorf, became part of the new Stade Region, established in 1823.
In 1807 the ephemeric Kingdom of Westphalia annexed the duchy, before France annexed it in 1810. In 1813 the duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which – after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 – incorporated the duchy in a real union and the ducal territory, including Belum, became part of the Stade Region, established in 1823.
In 1807 the ephemeric Kingdom of Westphalia annexed the Duchy, before France annexed it in 1810. In 1813 the Duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which - after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 - incorporated the Duchy in a real union and the Ducal territory, including Drangstedt, became part of the new Stade Region, established in 1823.
In 1807 the ephemeric Kingdom of Westphalia annexed the Duchy, before France annexed it in 1810. In 1813 the Duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which - after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 - incorporated the Duchy in a real union and the Ducal territory, including Driftsethe, became part of the new Stade Region, established in 1823.
A kinsman, Frederick I (1557–1608) succeeded to the duchy. This energetic prince disregarded the limits placed on his authority by the rudimentary constitution. By paying a large sum of money, he induced the emperor Rudolph II in 1599 to free the duchy from the suzerainty of Austria. Austria still controlled large areas around the duchy, known as "Further Austria".
The victory brought the city of Kiev and a large part of present-day Ukraine, including sparsely populated Podolia and Dykra, under the control of the expanding Grand Duchy of Lithuania. The duchy also gained access to the Black Sea. Algirdas left his son Vladimir in Kiev. After taking Kiev, Lithuania became a direct neighbor and rival of the Grand Duchy of Moscow.
The duchy of Dentelinus was primarily meant as a military and strategical deterrent against Frisian and Saxon invasions. It was a cornerstone in the military defense of the Merovingian Empire. In 600 Chlothar II (584–628) was forced to temporarily cede the duchy of Dentelinus to Austrasia, but after restoration of Austrasian dual-monarchy in 622/623 the duchy was returned.
Alexander Karl died at Hoym on 19 August 1863 at age 58. Because the marriage produced no issue, the Duchy of Anhalt-Bernburg was inherited by his kinsman Leopold IV, Duke of Anhalt-Dessau-Köthen who merged the duchy with his own to form a united Duchy of Anhalt. The Dowager Duchess Friederike died on 10 July 1902 at Alexisbad, Ballenstedt.
During its history, Alsdorf changed its affiliation a few times. Along with the duchy of Brabant and the duchy of Limburg, it also belonged to the duchy of Burgundy (1430) and fell to the Habsburgs in 1482. Then in 1555, it became part of the Spanish Netherlands under the Spanish Habsburgs. In 1714, it belonged again to Austrian Habsburgs until the French invasion.
Pomerania in the 12th and 13th centuries After the 1147 Wendish crusade and the 1164 Battle of Verchen, the duchy (at least the western parts) had joined Henry the Lion's Duchy of Saxony. Following internal struggles, Henry fell against Holy Roman Emperor Frederick Barbarossa in 1181. Bogislaw I took his duchy as a fief directly from Barbarossa in the same year.Buchholz (1999), p.
34 At that time, the duchy was also referred to as Slavinia () (yet this was a term applied to several Wendish areas such as Mecklenburg and the Principality of Rügen). The duchy remained in the Empire, although Denmark managed to take control of the southern Baltic including the Duchy of Pomerania from the 1180s until the 1227 Battle of Bornhöved.
Emperor Ferdinand III, in his capacity as King of Bohemia, inherited the Duchy. After lengthy negotiations, Silvius Nimrod was invested on 15 December 1648 in Vienna with the Duchy of Oels, in exchange for and the Moravian Lordship of Jevišovice. Silvius Nimrod then began rebuilding the Duchy, which had suffered during the Thirty Years' War. He focused on education and the Church.
In 1807 the ephemeric Kingdom of Westphalia annexed the Duchy, before France annexed it in 1810. In 1813 the Duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which - after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 - incorporated the Duchy in a real union and the Ducal territory, including Oyten, became part of the new Stade Region, established in 1823.
In 1807 the ephemeric Kingdom of Westphalia annexed the Duchy, before France annexed it in 1810. In 1813 the Duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which, after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814, incorporated the Duchy in a real union and the Ducal territory, including Schiffdorf, became part of the new Stade Region, established in 1823.
In 1807 the ephemeric Kingdom of Westphalia annexed the duchy, before France annexed it in 1810. In 1813 the duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which – after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 – incorporated the duchy in a real union and the ducal territory, including Neuhaus, became part of the Hanoveran Stade Region, established in 1823.
Destruction of Longwy France 1914 Longwy initially belonged to Lotharingia. After the division of that kingdom, the town became part of Upper Lorraine and ultimately the Duchy of Bar. Longwy was ceded to Wenceslaus I of Luxembourg in 1368, but was returned to Bar in 1378. The Duchy of Bar was then annexed into the Duchy of Lorraine in 1480.
The biscione remained associated with the Duchy of Milan even after the Visconti line died out in the 15th century. Page 257 The House of Sforza incorporated the symbol into their armorial after taking the duchy.
Within the Holy Roman Empire (962-1806), Rodach was part of the Duchy of Saxe- Coburg-Saalfeld (1699–1825). Within the German Empire (1871-1918), Rodach was part of the Duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.
Johann Christian Thomae (5 April 1668, Heldburg, Duchy of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg – 19 March 1724, Neustadt bei Coburg, Duchy of Saxe-Coburg) was a German historian and biographer and a Lutheran rector of Neustadt bei Coburg.
The Duchy of Münsterberg reverted as a ceased fief to the Bohemian Crown upon the death of Joachim's nephew Duke Charles Christopher in 1569. The Oels branch of the Podiebrad family ruled their duchy until 1647.
In exchange, William also gained control over the Duchy of Luxembourg, which was elevated to a grand duchy and placed in personal and political union with the Netherlands, though it remained part of the German Confederation.
Duchy of Jawor (, ) was one of the Duchies of Silesia established in 1274 as a subdivision of the Duchy of Legnica. It was ruled by the Silesian Piasts, with its capital at Jawor in Lower Silesia.
The Dukedom of Lancaster merged in the Crown when Henry of Monmouth, Duke of Lancaster became King Henry V. Nonetheless, the Duchy of Lancaster still continues to exist, theoretically run by the Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, which is normally a sinecure position with no actual duties related to the Duchy, used to appoint a Minister without Portfolio. The Duchy of Lancaster is the inherited property that belongs personally to the monarch, rather than to the Crown. Thus, while income from the Crown Estate is turned over to the Exchequer in return for a civil list payment, the income from the Duchy forms a part of the Privy Purse, the personal funds of the Sovereign.
The part of the village on the left bank of the Biała river continued to be a part of the Duchy of Teschen, which like the Duchy of Oświęcim in 1327 also became a fee of the Kingdom of Bohemia. However, when the Duchy of Oświęcim became a part of Poland in the 1450s, the Duchy of Teschen continued to be a part of the Kingdom of Bohemia, which itself became a part of the Habsburg Monarchy in 1526. Biała River constituted then a state border. In 1572 Mikuszowice Śląskie were sold together with Bielsko and dozen surrounding villages by dukes of Teschen and formed Bielsko state country (since 1754 a duchy).
The multi-century history of Savoy included the period before the County of Savoy, then the County of Savoy, the Duchy of Savoy, the period from Savoy to Sicily and Sardinia before Italian unification, and thereafter. From the Middle Ages, the state comprised the Duchy of Savoy, the Principality of Piedmont, the Duchy of Aosta and the County of Nice. From 1708, it included the Duchy of Montferrat, then the Kingdom of Sicily from 1713 until 1720, the Kingdom of Sardinia from 1720, and the Duchy of Genoa from 1815. These territories formed a composite state under the House of Savoy until the promulgation of a single constitution, the Statuto Albertino, was established in 1848.
The County of Brunswick was a county in the medieval Duchy of Saxony. It existed from about the 9th century until 1235, when it was raised to a duchy, the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg. The County developed out of the possessions of the Brunonen dynasty centered on the town of Brunswick and was enlarged by the inheritances of Henry the Fat of Northeim around Northeim and Göttingen and a part of the Billung inheritance around Lüneburg, which fell to the House of Welf in 1106. When the Duchy of Saxony was reorganized in 1180, the County became de facto independent from the Duchy, since the new Ascanian dukes could not establish control over it.
The junction of the duchy with Lesser Poland was concluded when in 1790 the Great Sejm formally incorporated the Duchy as a Land of the Polish Crown into the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. In the course of the Third Partition of Poland in 1795, the duchy and its adjacent regions were annexed by Prussia and incorporated into the new province of New Silesia. In 1800 the Kraków bishops moved their residence away from Siewierz. Territory of the former duchy within Congress Poland Temporarily recreated in 1807 by Napoleon as a gift for his ally Jean Lannes within the Duchy of Warsaw, after the 1815 Congress of Vienna the lands became part of Congress Poland under Imperial Russian rule.
The death of his brother Konrad II on 11 October 1304 further facilitated Henry III's situation, because he could annex his Duchy of Żagań without inconvenience and also reunified the whole Duchy of Głogów under his rule.
The marriage had been strongly desired by Odoardo's father, Ranuccio, who saw it as a means of strengthening the alliance between the Duchy of Parma and the Grand Duchy of Tuscany, then ruled by the Medici family.
Short biography (with select bibliography) In Harm Klueting (ed.): The Duchy of Westphalia. Vol.1:. Cologne The Duchy of Westphalia the beginnings of Cologne rule in southern Westphalia until the secularisation of 1803 Münster, 2009 S.922f.
Government of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg (19 November 2009). "Travail frontalier" .
Several cities and municipalities belonged to the Duchy of Jülich: - JülichDürenMünstereifelEuskirchenNideggenBergheimKasterGrevenbroichMönchengladbachDahlenDülkenLinnichRanderathBrüggenSüchtelnAldenhovenHeimbachMonschau WassenbergHeinsbergGangeltGeilenkirchenWaldfeuchtSittardSusterenSinzigTegelenRemagen.
It remains a property of the Duchy of Lancaster to this day.
Thus the Grand Duchy of Oldenburg gained access to the Baltic Sea.
His sons fought over the duchy in 602 and Theudelapius was victorious.
In 1648 the Prince-Archbishopric was transformed into the Duchy of Bremen, which was first ruled in personal union by the Swedish and from 1715 on by the Hanoverian Crown. In 1807 the Kingdom of Westphalia annexed the duchy, before France annexed it in 1810. In 1813 the duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which – after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 – incorporated the Duchy in a real union and the ducal territory, including Bliedersdorf, became part of the Stade Region, established in 1823.
In 1648 the prince-archbishopric was transformed into the Duchy of Bremen, which was first ruled in personal union by the Swedish and from 1715 on by the Hanoverian Crown. In 1807 the short-lived Kingdom of Westphalia annexed the duchy, before France annexed it in 1810. In 1813 the Duchy of Bremen was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which - after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 - incorporated the duchy in a real union and the ducal territory, including Freiburg, became part of the Stade Region, established in 1823.
Flag of the Duchy of Teschen The flag of the Duchy of Teschen was established in 2016 through the initiative of regional history enthusiasts in cooperation with the prominent Polish heraldic and vexillologist Alfred Znamierowski. The flag refers to the coat of arms and the historic banners of the Duchy of Teschen. The modern flag is an expression of respect for the history and tradition of the Duchy of Teschen, and also part of the different identities of the present inhabitants of the Cieszyn Silesia towards Lower and Upper Silesia.
Mamai was not a Genghisid (descendant of Genghis Khan), and as such his grip on power was tenuous, as there were true Genghisids with claims to mastery. Therefore, he had to constantly fight for supreme power and at the same time struggle against separatism. While there was a civil war in the falling Golden Horde, the new political powers were appearing, such as the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, the Grand Duchy of Moscow, and the Grand Duchy of Ryazan. Meanwhile, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania continued its expansion.
The Duchy of Jülich (; ; ) comprised a state within the Holy Roman Empire from the 11th to the 18th centuries. The duchy lay left of the Rhine river between the Electorate of Cologne in the east and the Duchy of Limburg in the west. It had territories on both sides of the river Rur, around its capital Jülich – the former Roman Iuliacum – in the lower Rhineland. The duchy amalgamated with the County of Berg beyond the Rhine in 1423, and from then on also became known as Jülich-Berg.
Illustration from Cassell's History of England, 1902. The Duchy of Aquitaine came into personal union with the Kingdom of England upon the accession of Henry II, who had married Eleanor, Duchess of Aquitaine. The Kingdom of England and the Duchy of Normandy remained in personal union until John Lackland, Henry II's son and fifth- generation descendant of William I, lost the continental possessions of the Duchy to Philip II of France in 1204. A few remnants of Normandy, including the Channel Islands, remained in John's possession, together with most of the Duchy of Aquitaine.
On 7 February 2005, the Duchy of Cornwall's finances came under public scrutiny by the House of Commons Public Accounts Committee. Under the Land Registration Act 2002, the Duchy was required by October 2013 to have filed with the Land Registry mineral rights given to the Duchy in 1337. Some land owners of Talskiddy were surprised that these rights would be expressly inserted into their registers of title upon being informed of the filing in February 2012. In January 2012, the Duchy purchased a warehouse at Milton Keynes from Waitrose.
502 (Internet Archive). Guy the younger, who was not of English birth, was in Gascony with Edward I in 1286-89 while the king was reorganizing the administration of his Duchy of Aquitaine. Edward granted him the remainder of Gestingthorpe, Essex, held by Gilbert Pecche, in 1289,Calendar of Patent Rolls, Edward I: 1281-1292, p. 325 (Hathi Trust). and in 1298-99 he served as royal Lieutenant of the Duchy,'The Gascon Rolls Project (1317-1468), Research Tools, "Principal Office Holders in the Duchy: King's Lieutenants in the Duchy (1278-1453)" (gasconrolls.org).
The first documented Duke of Vasconia was Genial, who would hold that position until 627. The Duchy of Vasconia then became a frontier territory with varying levels of autonomy granted by the Merovingian monarchs. The suppression of the Duchy of Vasconia as well as the Duchy of Aquitaine by the Carolingians would lead to a rebellion, led by Lupo II of Gascony. Pepin the Short launched a punitive War in Aquitaine (760–768) that put down the uprising and resulted in the division of the Duchy into several counties, ruled from Toulouse.
The Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg (), or more properly the Duchy of Brunswick and Lüneburg, was a historical duchy that existed from the late Middle Ages to the Early Modern era within the Holy Roman Empire. The duchy was located in what is now northwestern Germany. Its name came from the two largest cities in the territory: Brunswick and Lüneburg. The dukedom emerged in 1235 from the allodial lands of the House of Welf in Saxony and was granted as an imperial fief to Otto the Child, a grandson of Henry the Lion.
The Gonzaga family, at the maximum extent of the Guastalla duchy, also took control of the principality of Bozzolo and the annexed territories (Rivarolo Mantovano, San Martino dall'Argine, Pomponesco, Commessaggio, Ostiano, Isola Dovarese), and the Duchy of Sabbioneta.
The Hungarian Illuminated Chronicle: (ch. 60.88), p. 113. Clifford Rogers argues that possession of the Duchy owes its roots to the tradition of senioratus. The dukes regarded the control of the duchy as a pathway to the throne.
The Duchy of Cornwall Act 1860 (23 & 24 Vict c 53), sometimes referred to as the Duchy of Cornwall (Limitation of Actions, etc.) Act 1860,Current Law Statutes 1997. Sweet & Maxwell. London. W Green. Edinburgh. 1998. Volume 3.
Poland provided military aid in the wars after the union of the two entities, which was crucial for the survival of the Grand Duchy. Poland and the Grand Duchy were to have separate military but common defense policies.
However, his father's rivals for the duchy, the Pentheiveres, continued to plot against him. Furthermore, John had to secure the peace of the duchy during an unstable period culminating in King Henry V of England's invasion of France.
The Attorney General of the Duchy of Cornwall is the chief legal adviser to the Prince of Wales, and there is a separate Attorney General for the Duchy of Lancaster, an appointment that is held by the Crown.
The Duchy of Saxe-Merseburg was a duchy of the Holy Roman Empire, with Merseburg as its capital. It existed from 1656/57 to 1738 and was owned by an Albertine secundogeniture of the Saxon House of Wettin.
Unusually ("striking", says Helen Castor) he was not a retainer of the crown or the Duchy of Lancaster, in Staffordshire, but rather of Humphrey Stafford, 1st Duke of Buckingham,Castor, H., The King, the Crown and the Duchy of Lancaster (Oxford, 2004), 210. for whom Humphrey represented the interests of the main Stafford family.Castor, H., The King, the Crown and the Duchy of Lancaster (Oxford, 2004), 213.
Blora was under the administration of the Duchy of Jipang in the 16th century, which was itself still ruled by the Demak Sultanate at the time. The duke of the duchy was Arya Penangsang, better known as Aria Jipang. The area under control of the duchy include Pati, Lasem, Blora, and Jipang. But, after Jaka Tingkir (Hadiwijaya) inherited the throne, the capital was moved into Pajang.
Mazyr in 1918 Mazyr is one of the oldest cities of historical Ruthenia. First mentioned in the mid-12th century as part of Duchy of Vladimir, and then the Duchy of Kiev. In the 13th century it was conquered by the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Initially a small settlement, in the 15th century it was donated to Duke Michael Glinski, who converted it into a town.
Kościuszko concluded that Napoleon had created the Duchy of Warsaw in 1807 only as an expedient, not because he supported Polish sovereignty.Davies, 2005, p. 208. Consequently, Kościuszko did not move to the Duchy of Warsaw or join the new Army of the Duchy, allied with Napoleon. After the fall of Napoleon, he met with Russia's Tsar Alexander I, in Paris and then in Braunau, Switzerland.
The Duchy of Westphalia () was a historic territory in the Holy Roman Empire, which existed from 1180. It was located in the greater region of Westphalia, originally one of the three main regions in the German stem duchy of Saxony and today part of the state of North Rhine-Westphalia. The duchy was held by the Archbishops and Electors of Cologne until its secularization in 1803.
The Union of Krewo in 1386, bringing two major changes in the history of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania: conversion to Catholicism and establishment of a dynastic union between the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland marked both the greatest territorial expansion of the Grand Duchy and the defeat of the Teutonic Knights in the Battle of Grunwald in 1410.
He had a claim to inherit the Duchy of Courland after the house of Ketteler died out in 1737. Frederick Charles claimed to be entitled to the Duchy via his grandmother Louise Elisabeth of Courland. However, Empress Anna of Russia granted the Duchy to her favourite Ernst Johann von Biron. In 1747, the senior line of Hesse-Darmstadt tried to regain possession of Homburg.
John Awdeley, also written as Audley (died c. 1594), was an English politician. In 1593 he was elected to two parliamentary constituencies, Lancaster and Stockbridge. Both seats were controlled by the Duchy of Lancaster, and Awdeley probably owed his return for Stockbridge to Sir Thomas Heneage, the Chancellor of the Duchy, and the return for Lancaster to Sir Gilbert Gerard, the Vice-Chancellor of the Duchy.
The Duchy Home Farm is an organic farm operated by the Duchy of Cornwall. The farm is part of the gardens of Highgrove House, the country home of Charles, Prince of Wales. The produce is used as ingredients in Duchy Originals products, sold in vegetable boxes, and wholesaled to supermarkets and restaurants. Prince Charles is credited with using "pioneering agriculture techniques" to produce this organic food.
With the abdication Harald Sandner, Coburg im 20. Jahrhundert [Coburg in the 20th Century], p. 67 of the reigning duke, Charles Edward, on 14 November 1918, the Duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha ended in the wake of the November Revolution. It split into two Free States – , from the Duchy of Saxe- Gotha in the north, and Coburg, from the Duchy of Saxe-Coburg in the south.
In 1569 Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania were united. It was generally a time of prosperity and relative safety for the Jews of both countries (with the exception of the Chmielnicki Uprising in the 17th century). However, a few events, such as the expulsion of the Jews from the Grand Duchy of Lithuania between 1495 and 1503 occurred just within the Grand Duchy.
During the period of the Duchy of St. Sava, Vrsinje changed hands several times from the Duchy to the Ottomans, and from the Ottomans back to the Duchy. Vrsinje was held by the Ottomans already in September 1465. Ottoman subaşi are present in Vrsinje on 17 April and 20 August 1466, while Vlachs shepherd community of Zupci, as jurisdictio Turcorum, are present there on 7 October 1466.
He started large scale reforms of the duchy's economy, improved its agriculture, opened many manufactures and started a shipbuilding industry. During his reign, the Duchy became de facto independent of the Polish crown, because all contracts with foreign powers were signed as between independent states. After 1646, all customs administration of the Duchy also was in the Duke's power. The Duchy was involved in colonisation.
Map of the Duchy The Duchy of Bouillon was a sovereign duchy until 1795. In 1789, it had a population of 2,500. The largest town was Bouillon, situated on the Semois. It also consisted of the surrounding villages: Sugny, Corbion, Alle, Rochehaut, Ucimont, Botassart, Sensenruth, Noirefontaine, Gros-Fays, Fays-les-Veneurs, Bertrix, Carlsbourg, Paliseul, Jehonville, Opont, Anloy, Porcheresse, Gembes, Gedinne, Sart- Custinne, and Tellin.
Duchy Originals' only venture into manufacturing has been the Duchy Originals Food company. This was a wholly owned subsidiary of the Duchy Originals company and it opened a factory in Launceston, Cornwall in 2006. The factory was a bakery making both sweet and savoury pastry products. The venture suffered financial problems, with the factory making a loss of £447,158 in the financial year 2006/7.
The coterie around the poet met up with famous personalities like Johann Wolfgang von Goethe and Christoph Martin Wieland in Eisenach. From 1809 to 1918, Eisenach was part of the Duchy (after 1815 Grand Duchy) of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach.
In the mid-tenth century, the duchy was divided into Lower Lorraine and Upper Lorraine, the first evolving into the historical Low Countries, the second became known as the Duchy of Lorraine and existed well into the modern era.
Already in 1733 he proclaimed primogeniture in the duchy, which, however, was confirmed by the Emperor only in 1747. From 1750 to 1755, he was regent of the duchy of Saxe-Weimar on behalf of Ernest Augustus II Konstantin.
Between 1793 and 1921, the territory formerly contained in Poznań Voivodeship was part of the following territories: South Prussia, the Poznań Department of the Duchy of Warsaw, the Grand Duchy of Posen, and the Province of Posen in Prussia.
He also sits on the Finance & Audit Committee of the Duchy of Cornwall.
During his captivity, Henry IX held the regency over the Duchy of Brzeg.
When Prussia received the Duchy of Cleves, Lottum became President of this territory.
Christopher was appointed Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, requiring a by-election.
Sasha Bezuhanova is the Honorary Consul of Grand Duchy of Luxembourg for Bulgaria.
Childers was appointed Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, causing a by-election.
For later rulers, see Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg. The list may be incomplete.
Dąbrowa is a Polish coat of arms originated from the Duchy of Masovia.
Refresh UK also brews ale for the Prince of Wales' Duchy Originals company.
She also acquired several noble collections in the duchy to avoid their dispersal.
The Kingdom of Lotharingia was short-lived, however, becoming the stem duchy of Lorraine in Eastern Francia after the Treaty of Ribemont in 880. Alsace was united with the other Alemanni east of the Rhine into the stem duchy of Swabia.
Vincenzo Ι Gonzaga (21 September 1562 – 9 February 1612) was ruler of the Duchy of Mantua and the Duchy of Montferrat from 1587 to 1612. Vincent Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua by Frans Pourbus the Younger (1602–1612) private collection in Rome.
Elector Frederick William was born in Berlin to George William, Elector of Brandenburg, and Elisabeth Charlotte of the Palatinate. His inheritance consisted of the Margraviate of Brandenburg, the Duchy of Cleves, the County of Mark, and the Duchy of Prussia.
"County" is a reasonable British English translation of Län. Before län were adopted, the historical provinces were defined as either "hertigdöme" (duchy) or "grevskap" (county), which adds further confusion. Later all historical provinces have been given "hertigdöme" (duchy) as honorary title.
A map of the railway The Grand Duchy of Oldenburg Railway (Großherzoglich Oldenburgische Eisenbahn or GOE) was the railway company that was run as a state railway for the Grand Duchy of Oldenburg (Großherzogtum Oldenburg), part of the German Empire.
The conflict led to the Second War of Schleswig in 1864. Prussia, joined by Austria, easily defeated Denmark and occupied Jutland. The Danes were forced to cede both the Duchy of Schleswig and the Duchy of Holstein to Austria and Prussia.
The Duchy of Pomerania was organized by the Roman Catholic Church in the Bishopric of Cammin in 1140. Pomeranian areas not belonging to the duchy at this time were attached to the dioceses of Włocławek (East), Roskilde (Rügen) and Schwerin (West).
Duchy of Trakai was a subdivision of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania during the 14th and early 15th centuries. The Duke of Trakai was an important position held either by the Grand Duke of Lithuania himself or his second-in-command.
Schleicher was born in Meiningen, in the Duchy of Saxe-Meiningen, southwest of Weimar in the Thuringian Forest. He died from tuberculosis at the age of 47 in Jena, in the Duchy of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach, in present-day Thuringia.
The Duchy of Philippopolis was a short-lived duchy of the Latin Empire founded after the collapse and partition of the Byzantine Empire by the Fourth Crusade in 1204. It included the city of Philippopolis (modern Plovdiv) and the surrounding region.
Jacob Kettler's thaler, 1645. Jacob Kettler () (28 October 1610 – 1 January 1682) was a Baltic German Duke of the Duchy of Courland and Semigallia (1642–1682). Under his rule, the duchy reached its peak in wealth and engaged in colonization.
During the rule of the Visconti and Sforza, the duchy had to defend its territory against the Swiss, the French and the Venetians, until the Betrayal of Novara in 1500 when the duchy passed to the French-claim of Louis XII.
Racibórz castle After the death of Mieszko's grandson Duke Władysław Opolski in 1281, his sons again divided the Duchy of Opole and Racibórz and in 1290 the Duchy of Racibórz was recreated again, assigned to Władysław's youngest son Przemysław. Racibórz at that time comprised the lands of Wodzisław, Żory, Rybnik, Mikołów and Pszczyna, while some of the territory of was used for the creation of the duchies of Cieszyn and Bytom under Przemysław's brothers. In 1327 Przemysław's son Duke Leszek paid homage to King John of Bohemia, whereafter his duchy became a Bohemian fief. After Leszek died without issue in 1336, King John seized the duchy and granted it to the Přemyslid Duke Nicolas II of Opava (Troppau), forming the united Duchy of Opava and Racibórz.
The monarchs of Prussia were members of the House of Hohenzollern who were the hereditary rulers of the former German state of Prussia from its founding in 1525 as the Duchy of Prussia. The Duchy had evolved out of the Teutonic Order, a Roman Catholic crusader state and theocracy located along the eastern coast of the Baltic Sea. The Teutonic Knights were under the leadership of a Grand Master, the last of whom, Albert, converted to Protestantism and secularized the lands, which then became the Duchy of Prussia. The Duchy was initially a vassal of the Kingdom of Poland, as a result of the terms of the Prussian Homage whereby Albert was granted the Duchy as part of the terms of peace following the Prussian War.
However it was created as a satellite state (and was only a duchy, rather than a kingdom). Prince Józef Poniatowski, Commander in Chief of the Army of the Duchy of Warsaw, by Josef Grassi The newly recreated state was formally an independent duchy, allied to France, and in a personal union with the Kingdom of Saxony. King Frederick Augustus I of Saxony was compelled by Napoleon to make his new realm a constitutional monarchy, with a parliament (the Sejm of the Duchy of Warsaw). However, the Varsovian duchy was never allowed to develop as a truly independent state; Frederick Augustus' rule was subordinated to the requirements of the French raison d'état, who largely treated the state as a source of resources.
The Duchy of Lancaster is not subject to tax, although the Sovereign has voluntarily paid both income and capital gains tax since 1993. As such, the income received by the Privy Purse, of which income from the Duchy forms a significant part, is taxed once official expenditures have been deducted. The Duchy is administered on behalf of the sovereign by the chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, a government minister appointed by the sovereign on the advice of the prime minister, and by the clerk of the Council. Day-to-day management of the estate's properties and investments is delegated to officers of the Duchy Council, while the Chancellor is answerable to Parliament for the effective running of the estate.
The Duchy of Kldekari (), sometimes also referred as County of Trialeti was a duchy (saeristavo) within the kingdom of Georgia from 876-1184. Ruled by a powerful dynasty of Liparitids-Baghuashi, the duchy existed in the south- western parts of modern Kvemo Kartli province, and, despite its small size, created problems for the Bagrationi kings as they sought to bring all Georgian vassals and principalities into a unified state.
In 1807 occupied by the Napoleon, his ephemeric client-state the Kingdom of Westphalia annexed the Duchy in 1810, before France annexed it year after. In 1813 the Duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which - after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 - incorporated the Duchy in a real union and the Ducal territory, including Flögeln, became part of the new Stade Region, established in 1823.
The Welf possessions were elevated to the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg (also Brunswick and Lunenburg) in 1235. This duchy continued to use the old Saxon coat-of-arms showing the Saxon Steed in argent on gules, while the Ascanians adopted for the younger Duchy of Saxony their family colours, a barry of ten, in sable and or, covered by a crancelin of rhombs bendwise in vert, symbolising the Saxon dukedom.
In 1358, Schwerin became a part of the Duchy of Mecklenburg, making it the seat of the duchy from then on. About 1500, the construction of the Schwerin Palace began, as a residence for the dukes. After the division of Mecklenburg (1621), Schwerin became the capital of the Duchy of Mecklenburg- Schwerin. Between 1765 and 1837, the town of Ludwigslust served as the capital, until Schwerin was reinstated.
The town fell to the newly established Duchy of Saxe-Coburg in 1572 and upon the extinction of the line in 1638 passed to the Duchy of Saxe-Altenburg. In 1680 it became the residence of the Ernestine dukes of Saxe-Hildburghausen until its dissolution in 1826, after which it passed to the Duchy of Saxe-Meiningen. The town became part of the new state of Thuringia in 1920.
Joan of Arc was born in the village of Domrémy, then in the French part of the duchy of Bar, or Barrois mouvant, located west of the Meuse. The part of the duchy lying east of the Meuse was part of the Holy Roman Empire. The duchy of Bar later became part of the province of Lorraine. The village of Domrémy was renamed Domrémy-la-Pucelle in honour of Joan.
By the Treaty of Campo Formio in 1797, Duke Ercole III was granted the Duchy of Breisgau, a Habsburg territory in southwest Germany. When Ercole III died in 1803, Ferdinand succeeded as Duke of Breisgau, as well as titular Duke of Modena and Reggio. By the Treaty of Pressburg in 1805, Ferdinand ceded the Duchy of Breisgau to the Grand Duchy of Baden. Ferdinand died the following year in Vienna.
Another chapter in the history of the Heldburger Land under the rule of the Wettin dynasty lasted since 1374 came to an end. Since the Thirty Years' War, the Amt Heldburg had 40 years to the Duchy of Saxe-Gotha belongs (1640-1680), 146 years to the Duchy of Saxe-Hildburghausen (1680-1826) and further 92 years to the area of the duchy of Saxe -Meiningen (1826-1918).
It was instituted after the death of Elizabeth Lucretia in 1653, which ended the Cieszyn Piast's rule in the duchy. The duchy lapsed directly to the Bohemian monarchs, at that time the Habsburgs. As opposed to the local Piast dukes they lived away from the duchy and this necessitated the deployment of administrators presided over by a regent. Kaspar Tłuk became the first regent in September 1653.J. Spyra, 2012, p.
William and Ernest received shares of Opava; the Duchy of Głubczyce was split off for Wenceslas.According to :cs:Václav II. Opavský, the split was made around 1420, hence before their father's death The youngest brother, Przemko II, was destined for an ecclesiastical career and did not receive a share of the duchy. The duchy was now so fragmented that the revenue did not cover the Duke's cost of living.
112 Bolesław established the duchy of Legnica, Konrad I Glogow, Henry III kept Wroclaw together with Ladislaus, who would become archbishop of Salzburg. Soon the next generation divided the territory again. Jawor and Lwówek Śląski split off from Legnica, Duchy of Żagań and Ścinawa from Głogów. In the next generation Brzeg was detached from Wrocław, Świdnica and Duchy of Ziębice from Lwówek Śląski-Jawor and Oleśnica from Głogów.
Principal sites on the Peloponnese in the Middle Ages Nerio's troops captured the Acropolis on 2 May 1388, putting an end to the Catalans' rule in the Duchy of Athens. Nerio hired Italian and Greek officials to administer the duchy and made Greek the language of state administration. He also allowed the Greek Orthodox archbishop of Athens to settle in the lower town. The Catalans still preserved the Duchy of Neopatras.
By the terms of the convention, Prussia was permitted to annex Hanover, but had to cede Ansbach, the Duchy of Cleves and the Principality of Neuchâtel. Ansbach went to Bavaria, which was forced to give up the Duchy of Berg to France. Berg was then joined with Cleves to form the Grand Duchy of Berg and Cleves for General Joachim Murat. Neuchâtel was given by Napoleon to Marshal Louis-Alexandre Berthier.
From 1416 to 1847, the Duchy of Savoy (, ) was a country in Western Europe. It was created when Sigismund, King of the Romans, raised the County of Savoy into a duchy for Amadeus VIII. The duchy was an Imperial fief, Olaf Asbach, Peter Schröder, The Ashgate Research Companion to the Thirty Years' War, Routledge, 2016, p. 140Geoffrey Treasure, Mazarin: The Crisis of Absolutism in France, Psychology Press, 1997, p. 37.
First chronicled in 1078, Lahoysk was the centre of a small 12th-century principality, later absorbed into the Principality of Polotsk. In the 18th and 19th centuries, it was a seat of the Tyszkiewicz family.Tyshkevich castle, picture by left In the 12th century it became the centre of its own duchy, the Duchy of Logozhsk. Since the 13th century it was part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
Her husband lived in Navarre prior to the revolution and succeeded his father in 1792. During the collapse of the ancien régime, the duchy of Bouillon was taken from him in 1794 and absorbed into France in October 1795. However, in 1800, he recovered the duchy but was obliged to pay off debts of 3 million livres. The duchy was incorporated in the new Kingdom of the Netherlands in 1815.
Map of the territorial changes due to the Treaty of Vienna. The Treaty of Vienna (; ) was a peace treaty signed on 30 October 1864 in Vienna between the Austrian Empire, the Kingdom of Prussia, and the Kingdom of Denmark. The treaty ended the Second War of Schleswig. Denmark ceded the Duchy of Schleswig (except for the island of Ærø, which remained Danish) the Duchy of Holstein and the Duchy of Lauenburg.
In 1815, the Grand Duchy of Berg was awarded to the Kingdom of Prussia. Prussia, however, exchanged the Mairie of Lahr for some places around Wetzlar with the Duchy of Nassau. With boundary adjustments in the Duchy of Nassau, the Amt of Ellar was merged with the Amt of Hadamar. After the Duchy's annexation in 1866, the places within the Amt found themselves in the Kingdom of Prussia.
The following lists events that happened during 1947 in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
The following lists events that happened during 1946 in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
The following lists events that happened during 1949 in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
The following lists events that happened during 1948 in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
In 1327, King Charles (le Bel) elevated Bourbonnais to the status of a duchy.
The Duchy of Racibórz itself had been transferred from Poland to Bohemia in 1327.
The Kingdom of Illyria was succeeded by the reconstituted Duchy of Carniola in 1849.
In the secularisation of 1803 the Duchy of Westphalia became part of Hesse-Darmstadt.
The county was incorporated with the duchy of Hesse-Darmstadt in the 19th century.
The following lists events that happened during 1969 in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
The following lists events that happened during 1968 in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
The following lists events that happened during 1966 in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
The following lists events that happened during 1965 in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
The following lists events that happened during 1964 in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
Since 13th age to 1795 Gmina Janów was part of Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
In 1815, all the former duchy was reorganized in the Prussian province of Pomerania.
The following lists events that happened during 2004 in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
The following lists events that happened during 1963 in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
The following lists events that happened during 1962 in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
The following lists events that happened during 2005 in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
The following lists events that happened during 2006 in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
The following lists events that happened during 1961 in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
The following lists events that happened during 1960 in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
The following lists events that happened during 1958 in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
The following lists events that happened during 1959 in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
The following lists events that happened during 1956 in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
The following lists events that happened during 1957 in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
The following lists events that happened during 1955 in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
The following lists events that happened during 1951 in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
The following lists events that happened during 1952 in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
The following lists events that happened during 1950 in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
The following lists events that happened during 2008 in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
The duchy was seized by Rudolph and Philip died a year later in 1279.
The following lists events that happened during 2013 in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
Philippe died young, leaving his sister, Françoise de Lorraine-Mercœur the duchy of Penthièvre.
The following lists events that happened during 1979 in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
The following lists events that happened during 1978 in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
The following lists events that happened during 1977 in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
The following lists events that happened during 1976 in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
The following lists events that happened during 1975 in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
The following lists events that happened during 1974 in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
The following lists events that happened during 1973 in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
The following lists events that happened during 1972 in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
The following lists events that happened during 1970 in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
The following lists events that happened during 1954 in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
The following lists events that happened during 1953 in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
The Duchy of Bavaria therefore grew to become the most powerful domain in Germany.
The following lists events that happened during 1999 in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
The following lists events that happened during 1998 in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
The following lists events that happened during 1997 in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
The following lists events that happened during 1995 in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
The following lists events that happened during 1994 in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
The following lists events that happened during 1993 in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
The following lists events that happened during 1992 in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
The following lists events that happened during 1991 in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
The following lists events that happened during 1990 in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
The following lists events that happened during 2007 in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
The following lists events that happened during 2015 in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
The following lists events that happened during 2001 in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
The following lists events that happened during 2003 in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
The following lists events that happened during 2002 in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
The landlady happened to be the most riggish female in the Duchy of Milan.
Following its defeat in the Battle of Grunwald in 1410, the Teutonic Order and the State of the Teutonic Order fell into decline, but the Livonian Order managed to maintain its independent existence. In 1561, during the Livonian War, Terra Mariana ceased to exist. Its northern parts were ceded to the Sweden and formed into the Duchy of Estonia, its southern territories became part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania — and thus eventually of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth — as the Duchy of Livonia and the Duchy of Courland and Semigallia. The island of Saaremaa became part of Denmark.
In 1648 the prince- archbishopric was transformed into the Duchy of Bremen, which was first ruled in personal union by the Swedish – interrupted by a Danish occupation (1712–1715) – and from 1715 on by the Hanoverian Crown. In 1807 the ephemeric Kingdom of Westphalia annexed the duchy, before France annexed it in 1810. In 1813 the duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which – after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 – incorporated the duchy in a real union and the ducal territory, including Neuenkirchen, became part of the Stade Region, established in 1823.
In 1648, the prince-archbishopric was transformed into the Duchy of Bremen, which was first ruled in personal union by the Swedish crown, interrupted by a Danish occupation (1712–1715), and from 1715 on by the House of Hanover. In 1807 the ephemeral Kingdom of Westphalia annexed the duchy, before France annexed it in 1810. In 1813, the duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which, after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814, incorporated the duchy in a real union and the ducal territory, including Cappel, became part of the Stade Region, established in 1823.
The complicated political history of the Holy Roman Empire during Middle Ages led to the division or disestablishemt of most early medieval duchies. Frederick Barbarossa in 1180 abolished the system of stem duchies in favour of more numerous territorial duchies. The duchy of Bavaria is the only stem duchy that made the transition to territorial duchy, eventually emerging as the Free State of Bavaria within modern Germany. Some of the other stem duchies emerged as divisions of the Holy Roman Empire; thus, the Electorate of Saxony, while not directly continuing the duchy of Saxony, gives rise to the modern state of Saxony.
After a long-term dispute in 1172 the Duchy of Opole was formed with Jarosław becoming the first duke. In turn he was obliged to an ecclesiastical career and became Bishop of Wrocław in 1198. When Duke Jarosław died in 1201, the Opole lands reverted to his still living father Bolesław and were briefly incorporated into the Duchy of Wrocław. Bolesław himself however died shortly afterwards and in 1202 Opole was taken by his brother Duke Mieszko I Tanglefoot of Racibórz, who merged it with his duchy, creating the united Upper Silesian Duchy of Opole and Racibórz.
The Residenzschloss (city palace) of the Grand Dukes in Darmstadt The neighboring Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel had backed Prussia against Napoleon and was absorbed into the Kingdom of Westphalia. At the Congress of Vienna, Hesse-Kassel was reestablished as the Electorate of Hesse. To distinguish the two Hessian states, the grand duchy changed its name to the Grand Duchy of Hesse and by Rhine () in 1816. In 1867, the northern half of the Grand Duchy (Upper Hesse) became a part of the North German Confederation, while the half of the Grand Duchy south of the Main (Starkenburg and Rhenish Hesse) remained outside.
1315, an independent Duchy of Oświęcim was established. In 1327, John I, Duke of Oświęcim joined his Duchy with the Duchy of Zator and, soon afterwards, his state became a vassal of the Kingdom of Bohemia, where it remained for over a century. In 1445, the Duchy was divided into three separate entities – the Duchies of Oświęcim, Zator and Toszek. In 1457 Polish King Casimir IV Jagiellon bought the rights to Oświęcim. On 25 February 1564, King Sigismund II Augustus issued a bill integrating the former Duchies of Oświęcim and Zator into the Kingdom of Poland.
In 1983 Waitrose became the first major supermarket chain to sell organic food, and by 2008 it had an 18% share of the organic food market. In September 2009, Duchy Originals, the struggling organic food business started by Prince Charles was rescued by Waitrose, which agreed to an exclusive deal to stock the range, and to pay a small fee to his charity. In return, Prince Charles visited Waitrose shops and dined with senior Waitrose executives and their spouses. In August 2010, the Duchy range was relaunched with many new lines under the Duchy Originals from Waitrose (later Waitrose Duchy Organic) brand.
The Duchy of Holstein (, ) was the northernmost state of the Holy Roman Empire, located in the present German state of Schleswig-Holstein. It originated when King Christian I of Denmark had his County of Holstein- Rendsburg elevated to a duchy by Emperor Frederick III in 1474. Members of the Danish House of Oldenburg ruled Holstein – jointly with the Duchy of Schleswig – for its entire existence. From 1490 to 1523 and again from 1544 to 1773 the Duchy was partitioned between various Oldenburg branches, most notably the dukes of Holstein-Glückstadt (identical with the Kings of Denmark) and Holstein-Gottorp.
A junior line ruled over the Grand Duchy of Tuscany between 1765 and 1801, and again from 1814 to 1859. While exiled from Tuscany, this line ruled at Salzburg from 1803 to 1805, and in Grand Duchy of Würzburg from 1805 to 1814. Another line ruled the Duchy of Modena from 1814 to 1859, while Empress Marie Louise, Napoleon's second wife and the daughter of Austrian Emperor Francis, ruled over the Duchy of Parma between 1814 and 1847. Also, the Second Mexican Empire, from 1863 to 1867, was headed by Maximilian I of Mexico, the brother of Emperor Franz Josef of Austria.
Henry II's policy towards the nobles was focused on overcoming these family structures within the duchies in order to restore imperial dominance and control. Henry II, as well as the other Ottonians, relied upon his connection with the Church to justify his power and higher status over the dukes. However, unlike under Emperor Otto I and Otto II, the various German dukes were no longer bound to the Emperor by close family ties. While the Duchy of Franconia and the Duchy of Saxony formed the core imperial support, the Duchy of Swabia and the Duchy of Bavaria had grown increasingly rebellious.
This family, wanting to improve their standing in France and against the Carolingian kings, attempted to subject the duchy to the suzerainty of their own duchy. They failed; eventually, when they appeared close to success, they were forced to scrap the scheme and instead maintain Burgundy as a separate duchy. Two brothers of Hugh Capet, the first Capetian King of France, took up the rule of Burgundy as duke. First Otto and then Henry the Venerable maintained the duchy's independence, but the death of the latter without children proved a defining moment in the history of the duchy.
The Duchy Originals company was set up in 1992 to use produce from farms on the ducal estate, with some proceeds going to his charities. Duchy Originals was licensed out to Waitrose in 2009 after losses in 2008. In 2006, Llwynywermod was purchased by the Duchy as a residence for the Duke in Wales. In 1995, the duchy granted a 99-year lease of the uninhabited islets of the Isles of Scilly, plus the untenanted land on the five inhabited islands, to the Isles of Scilly Wildlife Trust for an annual payment of a single daffodil.
The historic county palatine boundaries are also still recognised and unmoved with Lancaster still being recognised as the county town. Traditional borders are still followed by organisations such as the Lancashire FA. The High Sheriffs of Lancashire, Greater Manchester and Merseyside are still appointed by the Queen in right of the duchy. The duchy also benefits from the legal concept of bona vacantia within county palatine, whereby it has the right to property for which the legal owner cannot be found. The proceeds are divided between two registered charities, the Duchy of Lancaster Benevolent Fund and the Duchy of Lancaster Jubilee Trust.
The collectively administered Land of Hadeln, the Duchy of Bremen and the Duchy of Verden were therefore colloquially referred to as the Duchies of Bremen-Verden or simply Bremen-Verden. The latter two emerged in 1648 by the transformation of the Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen, then Duchy of Bremen, and the Prince- Bishopric of Verden, then Duchy of Verden. Sketch map of the Electorate of Brunswick and Lunenburg (alias Electorate of Hanover), c.1720, and its neighbouring territories such as the Principality of Brunswick and Lunenburg- Wolfenbüttel (alias Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel), and the Prince-Bishopric of Osnabrück.
The Duchy of Lancaster is one of two royal duchies: the other is the Duchy of Cornwall, which provides income to the Duke of Cornwall, which is traditionally held by the Prince of Wales. In the financial year ending 31 March 2018, the estate was valued at about £534 million. The net income of the Duchy is paid to the reigning sovereign as Duke of Lancaster: it amounts to about £20 million per year. As the Duchy is an inalienable asset of the Crown held in trust for future sovereigns, the sovereign is not entitled to the portfolio's capital or capital profits.
The Duchy of Carinthia (orange) was created by Otto II from confiscated territory of the Duchy of Bavaria (purple) With Henry II deposed, in July 976 Otto II issued far-reaching edicts on the reorganization of the southern German duchies. Otto II reduced the Duchy of Bavaria in territorial size by almost a third. From the confiscated Bavarian territory, Otto II established the Duchy of Carinthia in southern Germany. By depriving Bavaria of the March of Verona, Otto II considerably reduced the influence of the Bavarian Dukes in northern Italy and in general Imperial policy regarding Italy.
The duchy roughly comprised the territory of the present-day districts of Olpe and Hochsauerland, as well as the adjacent areas of the Soest district and Märkischer Kreis (Menden and Balve), from 1507 also the exclave of Volkmarsen (a former property of the Imperial Abbey of Corvey). The town of Soest was lost to the Duchy of Cleves-Mark after the Soest Feud in 1449. The duchy bordered on the territory of the Prince-Bishops of Münster beyond the Lippe river in the north and on the Prince-Bishopric of Paderborn in the northeast; both ecclesiastical principalities also had emerged from the former Duchy of Saxony, while the Landgraviate of Hesse, the counties of Nassau and Waldeck in the southeast were part of the former stem duchy of Franconia. The Rhenish Duchy of Berg and the Westphalian County of Mark in the west remained an obstacle to a land connection with the Cologne territory on the Lower Rhine river.
Citino, p. 6. The elector's confidant Johann von Norprath recruited forces in the Duchy of Cleves and organized an army of 3,000 Dutch and German soldiers in the Rhineland by 1646. Garrisons were also slowly augmented in Brandenburg and the Duchy of Prussia.
After that Teschen became an autonomous fiefdom of the Bohemian kings and the Crown of Bohemia.Panic 2002, 7. Local Piast rulers often possessed other lands outside the duchy itself, as the Duchy of Siewierz, half of Głogów and some parts of Bytom.
The flag of Schleswig-Holstein is a horizontal tricolour of blue, white, and red. Schleswig-Holstein is one of the 16 states of Germany, comprising most of the historical duchy of Holstein and the southern part of the former Duchy of Schleswig.
The Duchy of Styria (; ; ) was a duchy located in modern-day southern Austria and northern Slovenia. It was a part of the Holy Roman Empire until its dissolution in 1806 and a Cisleithanian crown land of Austria–Hungary until its dissolution in 1918.
He then gave up his claim to the duchy of Bohemia and was replaced by Jaromír, who, backed by Henry II, entered through the Prague gates and in 1004 received the Bohemian duchy as a fief from the hands of the German king.
239 In 730 Charles Martell invaded the duchy with an army once again. Lantfrid's death is recorded for the same year. Whether this occurred as a result of the fighting is not clear. His brother Theudebald succeeded to the duchy as sole ruler.
One could delineate the boundaries of the Duchy of Trakai by referring to the donative writ of Grand Duke Jogaila: from the Livonian border (Upytл) to Kobrynin (Masuria), and eastward from Podlesie to Pinsk. Navahradak was still part of the Duchy of Trakai.
The Duchies of Lancaster and Cornwall (Accounts) Act 1838 (1 & 2 Vict c 101) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It requires the Duchy of Cornwall and the Duchy of Lancaster to present their annual accounts to Parliament.
It engages in both dialogue and dispute with the Duchy. The DTA produces and circulates four newsletters each year. They highlight a range of issues on the Islands on which the Duchy and its tenants may not always see eye to eye.
Location of Diocese of Verdun Verdun Cathedral The Bishopric of Verdun was a state of the Holy Roman Empire. It was located at the western edge of the Empire and was bordered by France, the Duchy of Luxembourg, and the Duchy of Bar.
About 1269 the Duchy of Opava was established on adjacent Moravian territory, ruled by the Přemyslid duke Nicholas I, whose descendants inherited the Duchy of Racibórz in 1336. As they ruled both duchies in personal union, Opava grew into the Upper Silesian territory.
The duchy remained in Austrian hands until it was overrun by the French army of Napoleon Bonaparte in 1796. The duchy was ceded by Austria in the Treaty of Campo Formio in 1797, and formed the central part of the new Cisalpine Republic.
Barrois is a (a French territorial division roughly equivalent to a county) in eastern France. In the Middle Ages it was part of the Duchy of Bar, then bordering the Duchy of Lorraine. Today is a of the present-day region of Lorraine.
Coat of arms of the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg This list contains an overview of Mecklenburg locomotives built from 1848 to 1922, and is based on the classification scheme of the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg Friedrich-Franz Railway (Großherzoglich Mecklenburg Friedrich-Franz-Eisenbahn).
In 1823 the Duchy was abolished and its territory became part of the Stade Region.
In 1823 the Duchy was abolished and its territory became part of the Stade Region.
In 1473 he helped the Burgundian Duke Charles the Bold conquer the Duchy of Guelders.
He was succeeded by his son Godfrey III in both the counties and the duchy.
At the time, Finland was an autonomous grand duchy (1809-1917) within the Russian Empire.
Much of the farmland around the town still belongs to his Duchy of Cornwall estate.
In 1823 the Duchy was abolished and its territory became part of the Stade Region.
Within the German Empire (1871–1918), Mehna was part of the Duchy of Saxe-Altenburg.
Within the German Empire (1871–1918), Monstab was part of the Duchy of Saxe-Altenburg.
Within the German Empire (1871–1918), Treben was part of the Duchy of Saxe-Altenburg.
Within the German Empire (1871–1918), Windischleuba was part of the Duchy of Saxe-Altenburg.
Within the German Empire (1871–1918), Starkenberg was part of the Duchy of Saxe-Altenburg.
Within the German Empire (1871–1918), Posterstein was part of the Duchy of Saxe-Altenburg.
Wołodkowicz is the name of a noble family originating from the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
Bukovina was part of the Kingdom from 1775 to 1849 (after 1849: Duchy of Bukovina).
In the Middle Ages, Aquitaine was a kingdom and a duchy, whose boundaries fluctuated considerably.
This article lists queens, countesses, and duchesses consort of the Kingdom, County, Duchy of Burgundy.
Rellingen was formerly part of the Duchy of Holstein, a subject of the Danish Crown.
Within the German Empire (1871–1918), Wildenbörten was part of the Duchy of Saxe-Altenburg.
Within the German Empire (1871–1918), Nöbdenitz was part of the Duchy of Saxe- Altenburg.
The County of Verdun was a sovereign medieval county in the Duchy of Lower Lorraine.
Servais remained in the (diminished) grand duchy, being called to the bar in August 1839.
In 1823 the Duchy was abolished and its territory became part of the Stade Region.
Thanks to this, he could reunificated the whole Duchy of Bytom after almost 104 years.
Ethnically Frankish, prior to this election he had ruled the Duchy of Franconia from 906.
The Duchy of Nassau was annexed by Prussia in 1866 following the Austro-Prussian War.
The Order of the Oak Crown (, , ) is an order of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
In 1823 the Duchy was abolished and its territory became part of the Stade Region.
In 1044, Gothelo I, duke of both Lorraines, died and his eldest son, Godfrey, succeeded in only the upper duchy while the Emperor Henry III first threatened to give the other duchy to his younger (incompetent) brother, Gothelo II. Because of the rebellion of Godfrey, Henry III appointed Frederick, a relative of the reigning duke of Upper Lorraine, Adalbert. With the aid of Adalbero III, Bishop of Metz, his brother, Frederick imposed his authority in the duchy and made war on the continuing rebel Godfrey. He was loyal to the emperor, but unsuccessful in the field and Henry began parcelling out portions of the duchy to more capable warriors. He died in war with Anno II, Archbishop of Cologne, after which King Henry IV gave the duchy to Godfrey.
The territories acquired by Austrian Empire (later the Austro-Hungarian Empire) during the First Partition included the Polish Duchy of Zator and Duchy of Oświęcim, as well as part of Little Poland with the counties of Kraków, Sandomierz and Galicia, less the city of Kraków. In the Third Partition, the annexed lands included Western Galicia and Southern Masovia. Major historical events of the Austrian Partition included: the formation of the Napoleonic Duchy of Warsaw in 1807, which was followed by the 1809 Polish–Austrian War aided by the French, and the victorious Battle of Raszyn resulting in Austrian temporary defeat (1809) marked by the recapture of Kraków and Lwów by the Duchy. However, the fall of Napoleon, leading to abolition of the Duchy at the Congress of Vienna (1815) allowed Austria to regain control.
Pemberton Leigh's judgments, more particularly in prize cases, of which he took especial charge, are remarkable not only for legal precision and accuracy, but for their form and expression. Between 1854 and 1858 he acted as the law officer representing the Duchy of Cornwall in the Cornish Foreshore Case - a case of arbitration between the Crown and the Duchy of Cornwall. Officers of the Duchy successfully argued that the Duchy enjoyed many of the rights and prerogatives of a County Palatine and that although the Duke of Cornwall was not granted Royal Jurisdiction, was considered to be quasi-sovereign within his Duchy of Cornwall. The arbitration, as instructed by the Crown, was based on legal argument and documentation which led to the Cornwall Submarine Mines Act of 1858.
The Duchy of Aquitaine (, ; , ) was a historical fiefdom in western, central and southern areas of present-day France to the south of the Loire River, although its extent, as well as its name, fluctuated greatly over the centuries, at times comprising much of what is now southwestern France (Gascony) and central France. It originated in the 7th century as a duchy of Francia, ultimately a recreation of the Roman provinces of . As a duchy, it broke up after the conquest of the independent Aquitanian duchy of Waiofar, going on to become a sub-kingdom within the Carolingian Empire, eventually subsumed in West Francia after the 843 partition of Verdun. It reappeared as a duchy, and in the High Middle Ages, an enlarged Aquitaine pledged loyalty to the Angevin kings of England.
The village was first mentioned in 1454. It belonged then to the Duchy of Oświęcim, a fee of the Kingdom of Bohemia. In 1457 Jan IV of Oświęcim agreed to sell the duchy to the Polish Crown, and in the accompanying document issued on 21 February the village was mentioned as Skedzey. The territory of the Duchy of Oświęcim was eventually incorporated into Poland in 1564 and formed Silesian County of Kraków Voivodeship.
The village was first mentioned in 1456. It belonged then to the Duchy of Oświęcim, a fee of the Kingdom of Bohemia. In 1457 Jan IV of Oświęcim agreed to sell the duchy to the Polish Crown, and in the accompanying document issued on 21 February the village was mentioned as Nowa Wyesz. The territory of the Duchy of Oświęcim was eventually incorporated into Poland in 1564 and formed Silesian County of Kraków Voivodeship.
The village was mentioned in 1427. It belonged then to the Duchy of Oświęcim, a fee of the Kingdom of Bohemia. In 1457 Jan IV of Oświęcim agreed to sell the duchy to the Polish Crown, and in the accompanying document issued on 21 February the village was mentioned as Sbroszkowicze. The territory of the Duchy of Oświęcim was eventually incorporated into Poland in 1564 and formed Silesian County of Kraków Voivodeship.
From 1311-1675 Brzeg was the capital of a Lower Silesian duchy (Duchy of Brzeg) ruled by the Piast dynasty, a branch of the dukes of Lower Silesia, one of whom built a castle in 1341. The Duchy became part of the Kingdom of Bohemia in 1329. The town was burned by the Hussites in 1428 and soon afterwards rebuilt. In 1595 Brieg was again fortified by Joachim Frederick of Brieg and Liegnitz.
Archbishop Friedrich III, laid to rest in Cologne Cathedral. In 1047, Emperor Heinrich III of the Holy Roman Empire established the Duchy of Lorraine from the former Duchy of Upper Lorraine. During the troubles that agitated the duchy, some lords rebelled and became more or less, independent of the Duke. Saarwerden branched from the Bishopric of Metz, when lord Friedrich, son of Godfrey I of Blieskastel separated and formed the County of Saarwerden.
The administrative division of the region in the times of regional division was complicated. Initially, between 1313/1317 and 1445, Wadowice belonged to the Silesian Duchy of Oświęcim and after 1445 to the Duchy of Zator. In 1482 Władysław I of Zator inherited only half of his father's lands and created a separate Duchy of Wadowice, which lasted until his death in 1493. The following year his brother and successor, Jan V of Zator abdicated.
During the Hundred Years' War, King John II of France gave the duchy to his youngest son, Philip the Bold. The duchy soon became a major rival to the crown. The court in Dijon outshone the French court both economically and culturally. In 1477, at the battle of Nancy during the Burgundian Wars, the last duke Charles the Bold was killed in battle, and the Duchy itself was annexed by France and became a province.
In 1336, Jan was forced to accept the annexation of the Duchy of Racibórz to the Přemyslid Duchy of Opawa. In 1355 Jan participated in the Congress of Prague, where a dispute was resolved between the Dukes of Cieszyn and Oleśnica for the division of the Duchy of Bytom. The dispute was only resolved after Jan's mediation in 1369. Jan died in 1372 (before 29 September) and was buried in the Dominican monastery in Oświęcim.
The Grand Duchy of Tuscany (which existed 1569–1801 and 1814–1859) styled itself in Latin as Magnus Ducatus Etruriae (Grand Duchy of Etruria). The name Etruria was also applied to the Kingdom of Etruria, an ephemeral client state of Napoleon I of France which replaced the Grand Duchy between 1801 and 1807. A particularly noteworthy work dealing with Etruscan locations is D. H. Lawrence's Sketches of Etruscan Places and other Italian essays.
In 1807 the ephemeric Kingdom of Westphalia annexed the Duchy, before France annexed it in 1810. In 1813 the Duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which - after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 - incorporated the Duchy in a real union and the ducal territory, including the villages now comprising Grasberg, became part of the Stade Region, established in 1823. In 1831 the village named Grasberg developed at the church.
Nalšia or Nalšėnai (sometimes Nalsen, Nalse) was an ancient land (regional duchy, a subject of Polatsk) in the early stages of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. It is mentioned in written sources from 1229 to 1298. The references to it cease as it was fully incorporated into the Grand Duchy. While it is known that it was on the north-eastern border of Lithuania proper, the exact location is unknown and is debated among historians.
The Duchy of Mecklenburg-Strelitz was a duchy in northern Germany, consisting of the eastern fifth of the historic Mecklenburg region, roughly corresponding with the present-day Mecklenburg-Strelitz district (the former Lordship of Stargard), and the western exclave of the former bishopric of Ratzeburg in modern Schleswig-Holstein. At the time of its establishment, the duchy bordered on the territory of Swedish Pomerania in the north and of Brandenburg in the south.
Vale (Guernésiais: Lé Vale; French: Le Valle) is one of the ten parishes of Guernsey in the Bailiwick of Guernsey, Channel Islands. In 933 the islands, formerly under the control of William I, then Duchy of Brittany were annexed by the Duchy of Normandy. The island of Guernsey and the other Channel Islands represent the last remnants of the medieval Duchy of Normandy.Marr, J., The History of Guernsey – the Bailiwick's story, Guernsey Press (2001).
The grand duke of Luxembourg (, , ) is the monarchical head of state of Luxembourg. Luxembourg has been a grand duchy since 15 March 1815, when it was created from territory of the former Duchy of Luxembourg. It was in personal union with the United Kingdom of the Netherlands until 1890 under the House of Orange-Nassau. Luxembourg is the world's only sovereign grand duchy and since 1815, there have been nine monarchs, including the incumbent, Henri.
However, King Charles V made the mistake of attempting to completely adjoin the duchy of Brittany to France. Bertrand de Guesclin was sent to make the duchy submit to the French king by force of arms in 1378. The Breton barons revolted against the takeover and invited Duke John IV back from exile in 1379. He landed in Dinard and took control of the duchy once more with the support of local barons.
Neither marriage produced a son, so the succession of the Duchy became a problem. William then concluded in 1496 the Klever Union with John II, Duke of Cleves, in which the union of the Duchy of Jülich-Berg and the Duchy of Cleves-Mark was planned. William had only one five-year-old daughter, Maria, who was promised in marriage to John II's six- year-old son John III. They married in 1510.
Grzegorz Podruczny Niezrealizowane projekty twierdzy w Stargardzie, "Stargardia X" (2015), p. 282 (in Polish) In 1363 the city joined the Hanseatic League. As a result of the ongoing fragmentation of Pomerania, in 1368 Stargard became part of the Duchy of Słupsk (Pomerania-Stolp) and in 1377 it became the capital of a separate eponymous duchy, which in 1403 fell back to Duchy of Słupsk, a vassal state of the Kingdom of Poland.
The Duchy of Rome () was a state within the Byzantine Exarchate of Ravenna. Like other Byzantine states in Italy, it was ruled by an imperial functionary with the title dux. The duchy often came into conflict with the Papacy over supremacy within Rome. The duchy was founded by the conquest of Emperor Justinian I in 533 AD. After the founding of the Papal States in 751, the title of Duke of Rome fell into disuse.
In 1813 the Duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which – after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 – incorporated the Duchy in a real union and the Ducal territory, including Alfstedt, became part of the new Stade Region, established in 1823.
In 1813 the Duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which - after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 - incorporated the Duchy in a real union and the Ducal territory, including Anderlingen, became part of the new Stade Region, established in 1823.
In 1813 the Duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which - after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 - incorporated the Duchy in a real union and the Ducal territory, including Breddorf, became part of the new Stade Region, established in 1823.
In 1813 the Duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which - after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 - incorporated the Duchy in a real union and the Ducal territory, including Bülstedt, became part of the new Stade Region, established in 1823.
In 1813 the Duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which - after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 - incorporated the Duchy in a real union and the Ducal territory, including Deinstedt, became part of the new Stade Region, established in 1823.
In 1813 the Duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which - after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 - incorporated the Duchy in a real union and the Ducal territory, including Ebersdorf, became part of the new Stade Region, established in 1823.
In 1648 the Prince- Archbishopric was transformed into the Duchy of Bremen, which was first ruled in personal union by the Swedish and from 1715 on by the Hanoverian Crown. In 1823 the Duchy was abolished and its territory became part of the Stade Region.
In 1813 the Duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which - after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 - incorporated the Duchy in a real union and the Ducal territory, including Farven, became part of the new Stade Region, established in 1823.
In 1813 the Duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which - after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 - incorporated the Duchy in a real union and the Ducal territory, including Hamersen, became part of the new Stade Region, established in 1823.
In 1813 the Duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which - after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 - incorporated the Duchy in a real union and the Ducal territory, including Kalbe, became part of the new Stade Region, established in 1823.
In 1813 the Duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which - after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 - incorporated the Duchy in a real union and the Ducal territory, including Kirchtimke, became part of the new Stade Region, established in 1823.
In 1813 the Duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which - after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 - incorporated the Duchy in a real union and the Ducal territory, including Lengenbostel, became part of the new Stade Region, established in 1823.
In 1813 the Duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which - after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 - incorporated the Duchy in a real union and the Ducal territory, including Hepstedt, became part of the new Stade Region, established in 1823.
In 1813 the Duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which - after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 - incorporated the Duchy in a real union and the Ducal territory, including Hipstedt, became part of the new Stade Region, established in 1823.
In 1813 the Duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which - after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 - incorporated the Duchy in a real union and the Ducal territory, including Tiste, became part of the new Stade Region, established in 1823.
In 1813 the Duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which - after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 - incorporated the Duchy in a real union and the Ducal territory, including Vierden, became part of the new Stade Region, established in 1823.
In 1813 the Duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which - after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 - incorporated the Duchy in a real union and the Ducal territory, including Vorwerk, became part of the new Stade Region, established in 1823.
In 1813 the Duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which - after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 - incorporated the Duchy in a real union and the Ducal territory, including Westertimke, became part of the new Stade Region, established in 1823.
In 1813 the Duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which – after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 – incorporated the Duchy in a real union and the Ducal territory, including Wilstedt, became part of the new Stade Region, established in 1823.
In 1813 the Duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which - after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 - incorporated the Duchy in a real union and the Ducal territory, including Wohnste, became part of the new Stade Region, established in 1823.
In 1813 the Duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which - after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 - incorporated the Duchy in a real union and the Ducal territory, including Oerel, became part of the new Stade Region, established in 1823.
In 1813 the Duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which - after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 - incorporated the Duchy in a real union and the Ducal territory, including Ostereistedt, became part of the new Stade Region, established in 1823.
In 1813 the Duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which - after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 - incorporated the Duchy in a real union and the Ducal territory, including Heinbockel, became part of the new Stade Region, established in 1823.
In 1813 the Duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which - after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 - incorporated the Duchy in a real union and the Ducal territory, including Stinstedt, became part of the new Stade Region, established in 1823.
In 1813 the Duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which - after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 - incorporated the Duchy in a real union and the Ducal territory, including Wingst, became part of the new Stade Region, established in 1823.
In 1813 the Duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which - after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 - incorporated the Duchy in a real union and the Ducal territory, including Hollnseth, became part of the new Stade Region, established in 1823.
In 1813 the Duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which - after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 - incorporated the Duchy in a real union and the Ducal territory, including Flögeln, became part of the new Stade Region, established in 1823.
Following the breakup of Charlemagne's empire, the region entered a period of instability, culminating in the emergence of feudalism. From 925 on, the Sundgau belonged to the Duchy of Swabia; it remained a part of Swabia until the Duchy disintegrated in the 13th century.
According to the Hungarian historian, György Györffy, Michael received a ducatus or duchy from his brother, Grand Prince Géza. Slovak historians specify that he administered the "Duchy of Nitra" between around 971 and 997. However, neither of these theories have universally been accepted by historians.
After the First Silesian War and the incorporation of Silesia into Prussia in 1742, the Auerspergs retained their possessions. The duchy however was converted into a State country. In 1791, Prince Charles Joseph Anton of Auersperg sold the duchy to Prussian King Frederick William II.
South of Rome and the Papal States were the duchies of Salerno, Amalfi, Duchy of Naples and Duchy of Gaeta. Other independent cities were Bari and Trani, which in 1130 were united in the newly created Norman Kingdom of Sicily.Franco Cardini & Marina Montesano. Storia Medievale.
Map of the Oldenburg State, c. 1780. The 1769 Census was the first census covering the Oldenburg State: the Kingdom of Denmark, the Kingdom of Norway (including the Faroese Islands and Iceland), the Duchy of Schleswig, the Duchy of Holstein, and the Countship of Oldenburg.
According to this treaty the new duchy (without the cities of Maastricht and Venlo), was joined to the German Confederation. After the collapse of this confederation in 1866, Limburg as a duchy ceased to exist and became a province of the Kingdom of the Netherlands.
After John's death in 1622 the Duchy of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg was divided among his six male heirs and new sub-duchies were formed; one of which was the Duchy of Schleswig-Holstein-Plön.Chronology of the Glücksborg dynasty at www.jmarcussen.dk. Accessed on 31 Aug 2010.
On his deathbed, however, he named a regency council with his wife Maria Amalia as its head, clearly still opposing the terms of the Treaty of Aranjuez regarding his duchy. The regency lasted only for days and the Duchy of Parma was annexed to France.
Administrative division of the Duchy of Warsaw, 1810–1815. Bydgoszcz Department is purple in the north-west. Bydgoszcz Department (Polish: Departament bydgoski) was a unit of administrative division and local government in Polish Duchy of Warsaw in years 1806–1815. Its capital city was Bydgoszcz.
In 1813 the duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which – after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 – incorporated the duchy in a real union and the ducal territory, including Hagen, became part of the new Stade Region, established in 1823.
Baden as it stood from 1806 to 1945 This list contains an overview of the locomotives of the Grand Duchy of Baden State Railway (Großherzogliche Baden Staatsbahn), the national railway of the Grand Duchy of Baden, a sovereign state within the German Empire until 1920.
Within the German Empire (1871–1918), Langenleuba-Niederhain was part of the Duchy of Saxe-Altenburg.
Ancestors include also baron Theodor Bruun, Minister Secretary of State of the Grand Duchy of Finland.
In 1745, Mantua was formally unified with the Duchy of Milan, until its dissolution in 1796.
In the course of the German Mediatisation of 1802, Ellwangen fell to the Duchy of Württemberg.
After presenting the Duchy Today programme with Ted Gundry, Righton became a producer of Radio Cornwall.
The Dutch occupied the duchy of Mark and the rest of Cleves, while also reinforcing Jülich.
Parliamentary elections were held in the Grand Duchy of Finland on 1 and 2 February 1910.
Parliamentary elections were held in the Grand Duchy of Finland on 1 and 2 July 1908.
Parliamentary elections were held in the Grand Duchy of Finland on 1 and 3 May 1909.
Parliamentary elections were held in the Grand Duchy of Finland on 2 and 3 January 1911.
Parliamentary elections were held in the Grand Duchy of Finland on 1 and 3 July 1916.
Magnus, in addition to his Livonian possessions, bought the succession in the Bishopric of Reval and established the Kingdom of Livonia under Ivan IV's patronage. After the Polish-Swedish victory in the Battle of Wenden (1578), Russian forces were subsequently expelled from Livonia, and the Livonian War ended with the treaties of Jam Zapolski and Narva-Plyussa. Only then, Sigismund's successor Stephen Báthory (Batory) was able to re-assume control over the Duchy of Livonia. Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth superimposed on modern borders, Duchy of Livonia shown in dark grey, Duchy of Courland and Semigallia in light grey, Grand Duchy of Lithuania in purple, Swedish Estonia and Danish Øsel in green.
Nottensdorf belonged to the Prince- Archbishopric of Bremen, established in 1180. In 1648 the Prince-Archbishopric was transformed into the Duchy of Bremen, which was first ruled in personal union by the Swedish Crown - interrupted by a Danish occupation (1712–1715) - and from 1715 on by the Hanoverian Crown. In 1807 the ephemeric Kingdom of Westphalia annexed the Duchy, before France annexed it in 1810. In 1813 the Duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which - after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 - incorporated the Duchy in a real union and the Ducal territory, including Nottensdorf, became part of the new Stade Region, established in 1823.
Dollern belonged to the Prince- Archbishopric of Bremen, established in 1180. In 1648 the Prince-Archbishopric was transformed into the Duchy of Bremen, which was first ruled in personal union by the Swedish Crown - interrupted by a Danish occupation (1712–1715) - and from 1715 on by the Hanoverian Crown. In 1807 the ephemeric Kingdom of Westphalia annexed the Duchy, before France annexed it in 1810. In 1813 the Duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which - after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 - incorporated the Duchy in a real union and the Ducal territory, including Dollern, became part of the new Stade Region, established in 1823.
Hammah belonged to the Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen, established in 1180. In 1648 the Prince-Archbishopric was transformed into the Duchy of Bremen, which was first ruled in personal union by the Swedish Crown - interrupted by a Danish occupation (1712-1715) - and from 1715 on by the Hanoverian Crown. In 1807 the ephemeric Kingdom of Westphalia annexed the Duchy, before France annexed it in 1810. In 1813 the Duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which - after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 - incorporated the Duchy in a real union and the Ducal territory, including Hammah, became part of the new Stade Region, established in 1823.
Armstorf belonged to the Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen, established in 1180. In 1648 the Prince-Archbishopric was transformed into the Duchy of Bremen, which was first ruled in personal union by the Swedish Crown - interrupted by a Danish occupation (1712–1715) - and from 1715 on by the Hanoverian Crown. In 1807 the ephemeric Kingdom of Westphalia annexed the Duchy, before France annexed it in 1810. In 1813 the Duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which - after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 - incorporated the Duchy in a real union and the Ducal territory, including Armstorf, became part of the new Stade Region, established in 1823.
Bützfleth belonged to the Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen, established in 1180. In 1648 the Prince-Archbishopric was transformed into the Duchy of Bremen, which was first ruled in personal union by the Swedish Crown - interrupted by a Danish occupation (1712-1715) - and from 1715 on by the Hanoverian Crown. In 1807 the ephemeric Kingdom of Westphalia annexed the Duchy, before France annexed it in 1810. In 1813 the Duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which - after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 - incorporated the Duchy in a real union and the Ducal territory, including Bützfleth, became part of the new Stade Region, established in 1823.
Lintig belonged to the Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen, established in 1180. In 1648 the Prince-Archbishopric was transformed into the Duchy of Bremen, which was first ruled in personal union by the Swedish Crown - interrupted by a Danish occupation (1712–1715) - and from 1715 on by the Hanoverian Crown. In 1807 the ephemeric Kingdom of Westphalia annexed the Duchy, before France annexed it in 1810. In 1813 the Duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which - after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 - incorporated the Duchy in a real union and the Ducal territory, including Lintig, became part of the new Stade Region, established in 1823.
Lunestedt belonged to the Prince- Archbishopric of Bremen, established in 1180. In 1648 the Prince-Archbishopric was transformed into the Duchy of Bremen, which was first ruled in personal union by the Swedish Crown - interrupted by a Danish occupation (1712–1715) - and from 1715 on by the Hanoverian Crown. In 1807 the ephemeric Kingdom of Westphalia annexed the Duchy, before France annexed it in 1810. In 1813 the Duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which - after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 - incorporated the Duchy in a real union and the Ducal territory, including Lunestedt, became part of the new Stade Region, established in 1823.
In 1648 the prince-archbishopric was transformed into the Duchy of Bremen, which was first ruled in personal union by the Swedish Crown – interrupted by a Danish occupation (1712–1715) – and from 1715 on by the House of Hanover. In 1807 the ephemeric Kingdom of Westphalia annexed the duchy, before France annexed it in 1810. In 1813 the Duchy of Bremen was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which – after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 – incorporated the duchy in a real union and the ducal territory, including Bülkau, became part of the Stade Region, established in 1823. Street in Bülkau.
Duchy of Savoy ca 1700; Counties of Nice and Savoy now in modern France Northern Italy provided access to the southern borders of France and Austria, making the Duchy of Milan and Duchy of Savoy essential to their security. In 1631, France annexed Pinerolo in Piedmont and occupied Casale Monferrato while much of the Duchy of Savoy was in modern France, including the County of Nice and County of Savoy. Savoy was considered a minor power, seen by many as a French satellite. During the 1688-89 Nine Years' War between France and an anti-French coalition that included the Grand Alliance, Savoy was important for two reasons.
The duchy was re-united with the Duchy of Legnica in 1419, then fragmented again, and united once more with Legnica under Duke Christian in 1664. When the Kingdom of Bohemia was inherited by the Habsburg dynasty of Austria in 1526, the duchy fell under their overlordship as Bohemian kings, although it was still ruled as a lien by the Silesian Piasts. In 1537 Duke Frederick II concluded a treaty with Elector Joachim II Hector of Brandenburg, whereby the Hohenzollern dynasty would inherit the duchy upon the extinction of the Silesian Piasts. This agreement however was rejected by the Bohemian king Ferdinand I of Habsburg and did not come into effect.
The Regent showed special assistance to the main cities of the Duchy: Głogów, Krosno Odrzańskie and Szprotawa. After his older brother Jan I attained his majority in 1401, he assumed the guardianship of his younger brothers and assumed the full government of the Duchy. In 1403 the brothers received the lands of their uncle Henry VI the Older after the resignation of his widow Hedwig of Legnica, who ruled them as her dower since 1393. In 1412 was made the formal division of the Duchy: Henry IX, together with his brothers Henry X Rumpold and Wenceslaus obtained the Duchy of Głogów (who included half of Głogów, Świebodzin, Krosno Odrzańskie and Szprotawa).
He was born in Gotha, the eldest son of Frederick II, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg and Magdalene Augusta of Anhalt-Zerbst. After the death of his father, in 1732, Frederick III assumed the duchy of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg. In 1734 he began a flourishing soldier trade with the Emperor, to the Prince of Waldeck and to the King of Prussia, which put him into the position to create a tax in his own duchy. The duchy had to suffer for Frederick with difficulty in the Seven Years' War and he forced the duchy into a war with his neighbour, duke Anton Ulrich of Saxe- Meiningen (The "Wasunger War").
Carniolan march within the Duchy of Carinthia, circa 1000 CE In 976, Emperor Otto II deposed the rebellious Bavarian duke Henry the Wrangler and ceded the duchy to his nephew Otto of Swabia. In turn, he separated the southeastern marches from the Bavarian duchy and elevated Carinthia to a duchy in its own right. Henry the Younger, a member of the Bavarian Luitpolding dynasty, was appointed first duke and acted as a sort of "chief of the border police," controlling the Carniolan march, the March of Styria, the Mark an der Drau and Mark an der Sann, as well as the vast March of Verona with Friuli and Istria.Semple, 43.
Not long after it had been sacked by Totila and its walls razed (545), Benevento became the seat of a powerful Lombard duchy. The circumstances of the creation of duchy of Benevento are disputed. Lombards were present in southern Italy well before the complete conquest of the Po Valley: the duchy would have been founded in 576 by some soldiers led by Zotto, autonomously from the Lombard king. The Principality of Benevento as it appeared in 1000 AD. Zotto's successor was Arechis I (died in 640), from the Duchy of Friuli, who captured Capua and Crotone, sacked the Byzantine Amalfi but was unable to capture Naples.
Wenceslaus I sold the Duchy of Siewierz to the Archbishop of Kraków, Zbigniew Cardinal Oleśnicki, for 6,000 silver groats in 1443. After that point it was considered to be associated with the Lesser Poland ProvinceZygmunt Gloger Geografia historyczna ziem dawnej Polski "Właściwą Małopolskę stanowiły województwa: Krakowskie, Sandomierskie i Lubelskie, oraz kupione (w wieku XV) przez Zbigniewa Oleśnickiego, biskupa krakowskiego, u książąt śląskich księstwo Siewierskie" and was the only ecclesiastical duchy in Lesser Poland. The junction of the duchy with the Lesser Poland Province was concluded in 1790 when the Great Sejm formally incorporated the Duchy, as part of the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland, into the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
Henry III accepted immediately the intervention of the Bohemian King, because he was busy in his own duchy with his disputes with the Bishop of Wroclaw Jan Romka. The conflict was caused by the Duchy of Żagań, which, previously belonging to his younger brother Konrad II the Hunchback, was taken by Henry III in March 1299 when Konrad II was chosen as Patriarch of Aquileia. But when Konrad II returned to Żagań, Henryk III didn't want to return the Duchy to him, which was under his rule during his absence. Even after the intervention of the vassals and the Church, Henry III refused to give Konrad II his Duchy.
The Duchy of Siewierz was a Silesian duchy with its capital in Siewierz. The area was part of the original Duchy of Silesia established after the death of Duke Bolesław III Wrymouth in 1138 during the times of the fragmentation of Poland. Siewierz Castle Siewierz in Upper Silesia was ruled by the Silesian Piasts as part of the Duchy of Bytom under Duke Casimir. In 1312 he granted the town to his youngest son Mieszko, who renounced it in favour of his brother Władysław. In 1337 it was acquired by Casimir I, Duke of Cieszyn, whose scion Wenceslaus I sold it to the Archbishop of Kraków in 1443.
Tarmstedt belonged to the Prince- Archbishopric of Bremen, established in 1180. In 1648 the Prince-Archbishopric was transformed into the Duchy of Bremen, which was first ruled in personal union by the Swedish Crown — interrupted by a Danish occupation (1712–1715) — and from 1715 on by the Hanoverian Crown. In 1807 the ephemeral Kingdom of Westphalia annexed the Duchy, before France annexed it in 1810. In 1813 the Duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which — after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 — incorporated the Duchy in a real union and the Ducal territory, including Tarmstedt, became part of the new Stade Region, established in 1823.
This resulted quickly in his own expulsion from Milan by imperial forces, but he managed to remain in control of various other cities in the duchy, and was again restored to Milan itself by the peace concluded at Cambrai in 1529. In 1535, Francesco died without heirs, the question of succession again arose, with both the emperor and the King of France claiming the duchy, leading to more wars. The Duchy of Parma was created in 1545 from a part of the Duchy of Milan south of the Po River, as a fief for Pope Paul III's illegitimate son, Pier Luigi Farnese, centered on the city of Parma.
Map showing territorial changes of Lithuania from the 13th century to the present day Area of the Lithuanian language in the 16th century Lithuania on a 1570 map Lithuania proper (, literally: "Genuine Lithuania"; ; , Lite) refers to a region which existed within the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, and where the Lithuanian language was spoken.Stone. Polish-Lithuanian state, 1386-1795. p.4 The primary meaning is identical to the Duchy of Lithuania, a land around which the Grand Duchy of Lithuania evolved. The territory can be traced by Catholic Christian parishes established in pagan Baltic lands of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania subsequent to the Christianization of Lithuania in 1387.
The Duchy of Lancaster Act 1808 (48 Geo 3 c 73) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. The Duchy of Lancaster Act 1808 was repealed, excepting so far as any powers, provisions, matters or things related to or affected the Duchy of Lancaster or any of the hereditaments, possessions or property within the ordering and survey of the Duchy of Lancaster, by section 1 of the Crown Lands Act 1829 (10 Geo 4 c 50).The Statutes of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, 10 George IV. 1829. Printed by His Majesty's Statute and Law Printers. London. 1829.
The Duchy of Lancaster Act 1817 (57 Geo 3 c 97) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. The Duchy of Lancaster Act 1817 was repealed, excepting so far as any powers, provisions, matters or things related to or affected the Duchy of Lancaster or any of the hereditaments, possessions or property within the ordering and survey of the Duchy of Lancaster, by section 1 of the Crown Lands Act 1829 (10 Geo 4 c 50).The Statutes of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, 10 George IV. 1829. Printed by His Majesty's Statute and Law Printers. London. 1829. Pages 253 and 254.
Nordholz belonged to the Prince- Archbishopric of Bremen, established in 1180. In 1648 the Prince-Archbishopric was transformed into the Duchy of Bremen, which was first ruled in personal union by the Swedish Crown - interrupted by a Danish occupation (1712–1715) - and from 1715 on by the Hanoverian Crown. In 1807 the ephemeric Kingdom of Westphalia annexed the Duchy, before France annexed it in 1810. In 1813 the Duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which - after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 - incorporated the Duchy in a real union and the Ducal territory, including Nordholz, became part of the new Stade Region, established in 1823.
The Duchy Originals brand was originally conceived in 1990 as an outlet for the organic food grown on the Prince of Wales Highgrove House estate and the first product was oaten biscuits. Products were initially sold through high-end stores such as Harrods and Fortnum & Mason. During the 1990s Duchy Originals products began being stocked in farm shops and independent delicatessens and expansion during the 2000s saw a selected range of Duchy Originals products becoming widely available in most major UK supermarkets, with Waitrose as the brand's largest customer. By 2008 sales of Duchy Originals had raised over £7 million cumulatively for The Prince of Wales's Charitable Foundation.
Hemmoor belonged to the Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen, established in 1180. In 1648 the Prince- Archbishopric was transformed into the Duchy of Bremen, which was first ruled in personal union by the Swedish Crown—interrupted by a Danish occupation (1712–1715)—and from 1715 on by the Hanoverian Crown. In 1807 the ephemeric Kingdom of Westphalia annexed the Duchy, before France annexed it in 1810. In 1813 the Duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which—after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814—incorporated the Duchy in a real union and the Ducal territory, including Hemmoor, became part of the new Stade Region, established in 1823.
In 1813 the Duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which - after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 - incorporated the Duchy in a real union and the Ducal territory, including Groß Meckelsen, became part of the new Stade Region, established in 1823.
In 1813 the Duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which – after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 – incorporated the Duchy in a real union and the Ducal territory, including Klein Meckelsen, became part of the new Stade Region, established in 1823.
Vytenis assumed power in 1295, and during the next 20 years laid solid foundations for the Duchy to expand and grow under the leadership of Gediminas and his son Algirdas. While the Grand Duchy was established between 1219 and 1295, the years after 1295 marked its expansion.
No ISBN. In 1813 the Duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which \- after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 \- incorporated the Duchy in a real union and the Ducal territory, including Mittelstenahe, became part of the new Stade Region, established in 1823.
21, Gerhard Krause, Siegfried M Schwertner, Horst Balz, Gerhard Müller, Theologische Realenzyklopadie: Studienausgabe Teil II, 2nd edition, Walter de Gruyter, 1999, p.40, the members of the House of Pomerania inherited the duchy in common. The duchy thus continued to exist as a whole despite its division.
The 258th Reserve Infantry Regiment was from the Prussian Rhine Province, the 259th Reserve Infantry Regiment was from the Grand Duchy of Oldenburg, and the 260th Reserve Infantry Regiment was mainly from the Prussian Province of Hanover, with troops from the Duchy of Brunswick as well.
The Duchy of Livonia (; ; ; ; ; also referred to as Polish Livonia or Inflanty) was a territory of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania—and later the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth—that existed from 1561 to 1621. It corresponds to the present-day areas of northern Latvia and southern Estonia.
Bogislaw V received most of the Farther Pomeranian parts. Excepted was the land of Neustettin, which was to be ruled by his brother Wartislaw V, and was integrated into Bogislaw's part-duchy only after his death in 1390. This eastern part duchy became known as Pomerania-Stolp.
On 1 July 1569, the Union of Lublin was signed between the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Kingdom of Poland forming the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. One of the terms of the treaty transferred the Podlaskie Voivodeship from the Grand Duchy of Lithuania to the Polish Crown.
Today the Salzlandmuseum is located in the town hall. In 1680 the town of Groß Salze went to the Brandenburg-Prussian Duchy of Magdeburg. Groß Salze as a so-called Immediatstadt was directly subordinated to the government of the duchy and lay in the wood circle.
Administrative division of the Duchy of Warsaw, 1810–1815. Poznań Department is light blue in the west. Poznań Department (Polish: Departament Poznański) was a unit of administrative division and local government in Polish Duchy of Warsaw in years 1806-1815. Capital city: Poznań Administrative division: 10 counties.
Administrative division of the Duchy of Warsaw, 1810–1815. Lublin Department is light blue in the south-east. The Lublin Department (Polish: Departament Lubelski) was a unit of administrative division and local government in Polish Duchy of Warsaw in years 1810-1815. Its capital was Lublin.
In 2002 the Deeside Water Company began to produce some of its bottled mineral water for the Duchy Originals brand. In 2010 Waitrose rebranded the product as Duchy Originals from Waitrose and in 2016 the supermarket repackaged it as part of its Waitrose One premium range.
The village was first mentioned in 1444 as Bujakuov. Politically it belonged then to the Duchy of Oświęcim, a fee of the Kingdom of Bohemia. In 1457 Jan IV of Oświęcim agreed to sell the duchy to the Polish Crown, and in the accompanying document issued on 21 February the village was mentioned as Buyakow. The territory of the Duchy of Oświęcim was eventually incorporated into Poland in 1564 and formed Silesian County of Kraków Voivodeship.
Upon the splitting of the Frankish Kingdom under Charlemagne, the area belonged first to the Kingdom of Louis the German and later to the Duchy of Lorraine. Under the Ottonian Dyanasty, the area belonged to the Duchy of Lower Lorraine in the Holy Roman Empire. Under Emperor Maximilian I, the Rhine-Sieg district belonged to the Lower Rhine District, which spread from the Maas to Bremen. The Duchy of Berg later arose in this same area.
The duchy remained under the Crown of Bohemia until in 1742 it was conquered by the Kingdom of Prussia in the course of the Silesian Wars. The Württemberg dukes remained landowners until in 1792 the duchy was inherited by Frederick Augustus of Brunswick-Lüneburg, son of Charles I, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel. From 1815 Oleśnica was ruled in personal union with the Duchy of Brunswick until its dissolution after Duke William had died without issue in 1884.
In 953, the German king Otto I had appointed his brother Bruno the Great Duke of Lotharingia. In 959, Bruno divided the duchy into Upper and Lower Lorraine; this division became permanent following his death in 965. The Upper Duchy was further "up" the river system, that is, it was inland and to the south. Upper Lorraine was first denominated as the Duchy of the Moselle, both in charters and narrative sources, and its duke was the dux Mosellanorum.
The history of the Bailiwick of Guernsey goes back to 933, when the islands came under the control of William Longsword, having been annexed from the Duchy of Brittany by the Duchy of Normandy. The island of Guernsey and the other Channel Islands formed part of the lands of William the Conqueror. In 1204 France conquered mainland Normandy – but not the offshore islands of the bailiwick. The islands represent the last remnants of the medieval Duchy of Normandy.
The Sapiehas were defeated in the Battle of Olkieniki (near Valkininkai in modern Lithuania) on 18 November, and have lost their dominant position in the Duchy, never to regain it in the future. In the aftermath of the civil war, the unrest in the Grand Duchy continued, as the lesser magnates vied for control of the offices and lands of the defeated Sapieha family. This left the Grand Duchy in weak position during the Great Northern War.
Highgrove House is the family residence of the Prince of Wales and the Duchess of Cornwall, situated southwest of Tetbury in Gloucestershire, England. Built in the late 18th century, Highgrove and its estate were owned by various families until it was purchased in 1980 by the Duchy of Cornwall from Maurice Macmillan. The Prince of Wales remodelled the Georgian house with neo- classical additions in 1987. The duchy manages the estate and the nearby Duchy Home Farm.
In coming under the rule of the Dukes of Burgundy, Auxonne became a bridgehead of the duchy on the eastern bank of the Saône, on Holy Roman Empire soil, and escaped the Germanic influence. The attachment of Auxonne to the Duchy of Burgundy gave it the status as of a border town between the Duchy of Burgundy and the County of Burgundy, between French and Germanic influence that would determine the fate of the town in the following centuries.
Jawor Castle The original Duchy stretched from Jawor on the Nysa Szalona River westwards along the northern slopes of the Western Sudetes to the Jizera Mountains and the Kwisa River, which formed the Silesian border with the former Milceni lands of Upper Lusatia. In the north it bordered the remaining Duchy of Legnica and in the east the Duchy of Silesia-Wrocław. It included the towns of Bolków, Kamienna Góra, Lubawka, Lwówek, Świerzawa and (from 1277) Strzegom.
Some subjects are entitled to have an attorney general: these include a queen consort and the Prince of Wales, who has an Attorney General for the Duchy of Cornwall. There is also an Attorney General for the Duchy of Lancaster, which is a mostly landed inheritance that is held by the Crown (in trust for the monarch) and administered independently of the monarch under the supervision of a government minister, the Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster.
Scholars often use term Lithuania proper to refer to lands inhabited by ethnic Lithuanians as opposed to lands controlled by the Grand Duchy of Lithuania inhabited by Ruthenians (ancestors of modern Belarusians and Ukrainians), Russians, Poles, Lithuanian Jews or many other nationalities. Already during the Grand Duchy times, Lithuania Proper was a term designated to land where Lithuanians live. Administratively it consisted of Vilnius Voivodeship, Trakai Voivodeship and the Duchy of Samogitia. Viduramžių Lietuva Viduramžių Lietuvos provincijos .
Thus it was a duchy in name but operated as an independent kingdom. In 870, Lorraine allied with East Francia while remaining an autonomous duchy. In 962, when Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor, restored the Empire (restauratio imperii), Lorraine was designated as the autonomous Duchy of Lorraine within the Holy Roman Empire. It maintained this status until 1766, after which it was annexed under succession law by the Kingdom of France, via derivative aristocratic house alliances.
From 1621 to 1695 the present-day district was occupied by the small duchy of Mecklenburg-Güstrow. Afterwards large parts belonged to the duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, a small portion to the duchy of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (see Mecklenburg). Güstrow District was established in 1994 by merging the former districts of Güstrow, Teterow and Bützow. This district was merged with the district of Bad Doberan at the district reform of 4 September 2011, forming the new district of Rostock.
An 1843 map of Belgium, with Eupen and Malmedy shown as part of the Kingdom of Prussia Historically, the territories have little in common. The northern part around Eupen was originally part of the Duchy of Limburg, a dependency of the Duchy of Brabant which was latterly part of the Austrian Netherlands. The Southern part, around Sankt Vith, belonged to the Duchy of Luxembourg. The small village of Manderfeld-Schönberg belonged to the Archbishopric of Trier.
5th Infantry Regiment of the Duchy of Warsaw Army of the Duchy of Warsaw refers to the military forces of the Duchy of Warsaw. The Army was significantly based on the Polish Legions; it numbered about 30,000 and was expanded during wartime to almost 100,000. It was composed of infantry with a strong cavalry force supported by artillery. The Napoleonic customs and traditions resulted in some social tensions, but are generally credited with helpful modernization and useful reforms.
Single rule in the Duchy of Austria finally returned when his son, Rudolph IV succeeded him in 1358. In the 14th century the Habsburgs began to accumulate other provinces in the vicinity of the Duchy of Austria, which had remained a small territory along the Danube, and Styria, which they had acquired with Austria from Ottokar. In 1335 Albert II inherited the Duchy of Carinthia and the March of Carniola from the then rulers, the House of Gorizia.
In 1633, Henry II, Prince of Condé, grandson of Louis I de Bourbon, inherited the duchy of Montmorency, near Paris, after the execution of Henri II de Montmorency, brother of his wife Charlotte-Marguerite de Montmorency. In 1689, King Louis XIV allowed Henry III, Prince of Condé, grandson of Henry II, Prince of Condé, to rename the duchy of Montmorency as "duchy of Enghien", in memory of the duchy of Enghien which the Princes of Condé had lost in 1569 at the death of Louis I de Bourbon. The city of Montmorency, at the heart of the duchy, continued to be known as "Montmorency", despite the official name change, but the name "Enghien" stuck to the nearby lake and marshland that developed later as a spa resort and was incorporated as the commune of Enghien-les-Bains in the 19th century.
In the 13th century both banks of the river belonged to the Silesian Duchy of Opole and Racibórz but the valley of the river was yet sparsely populated defining a natural border between castellanies of Cieszyn and Oświęcim and ecclesiastical border between dioceses of Wrocław and Kraków. In 1290, in the process of feudal fragmentation of Poland the Duchy of Cieszyn, encompassing both Cieszyn and Oświęcim and so also both banks of the river, was split from it. Roughly at that time several new settlements were established alongside the river, including foundation of the town of Bielsko. Mieszko I, Duke of Cieszyn, the first ruler of the duchy, died in 1315 and afterwards his sons divided its land into two parts alongside Biała River: diminished Duchy of Teschen to west and Duchy of Oświęcim to east.
The requirement for the Prince of Wales to give consent to draft bills that could affect the interests of the Duchy of Cornwall is not a new power granted to Prince Charles, but a centuries-old parliamentary practice that involved the same requirement for consent being conferred on previous dukes of Cornwall (see Prince's Consent). For some Cornish activists, Cornwall itself is described, de jure, as a duchy as opposed to an ordinary county, and the duchy estates are distinguished from the duchy itself, having themselves been annexed and united to "the aforesaid duchy".The reports of Sir Edward Coke, knt: in thirteen parts, Volume 1; By Sir Edward Coke, John Henry Thomas, John Farquhar Fraser, Stephen (INT) Sheppard The Royal Commission on the Constitution in 1973 recommended that Cornwall be officially referred to as "the duchy" on what it described as "appropriate occasions" given the nature of the county's "special relationship" with the Crown.Kilbrandon Report, The Times, 1 November 1973Kilbrandon Report paragraph 329 – 1969–73 the Royal Commission on the Constitution (Kilbrandon Report) had this to say about Cornwall—under "National feeling".
Within the German Empire (1871-1918), Mihla was part of the Grand Duchy of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach.
From this time the Electors of Brandenburg, the rulers of Brandenburg-Prussia, governed the Duchy of Prussia.
Within the German Empire (1871-1918), Seebach was part of the Grand Duchy of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach.
During his reign the Grand Duchy became a major military and political power in the Eastern Europe.
Organized liberalism has since 1904 been one of the three major political forces in the Grand-Duchy.
Delabole United AFC (nicknamed the Slaters) is an association football team and play in the Duchy League.
Within the German Empire (1871-1918), Obermehler was part of the Duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.
He announced in 1837 that he was moving to Heidelberg, then in Grand Duchy of Baden, Germany.
Ennemond Alexandre Petitot (1727-1801) was a French-born architect, mainly active in the Duchy of Parma.
Duchy of Racibórz (, ) was one of the duchies of Silesia. Its capital was Racibórz in Upper Silesia.
Within the German Empire (1871-1918), Auma was part of the Grand Duchy of Saxe-Weimar- Eisenach.
Tokhtamysh's Invasion of Grand Duchy of Moscow, 1382. At this time, cannon and throwing-machines co-existed.
Since Louis VIII had died already two years before, the duchy of Bavaria- Ingolstadt passed to Henry.
The Tresillian River includes many scenic paths leading to a walkway owned by the Duchy of Cornwall.
He died at Annecy in 1595, leaving the Duchy of Nemour to his brother Henri de Savoie.
The 1911 World Greco-Roman Wrestling Championship were held in Helsinki, Grand Duchy of Finland, Russian Empire.
Within the German Empire (1871-1918), Buttelstedt was part of the Grand Duchy of Saxe- Weimar-Eisenach.
Within the German Empire (1871-1918), Buttstädt was part of the Grand Duchy of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach.
Within the German Empire (1871-1918), Bürgel was part of the Grand Duchy of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach.
105 ff. The position of Landesoberschultheiß existed in Nassau before the establishment of the Duchy of Nassau.
The Talhouët family is a noble family from the Duchy of Brittany, originating in the 15th century.
Within the German Empire (1871-1918), Teichwolframsdorf was part of the Grand Duchy of Saxe-Weimar- Eisenach.
Within the German Empire (1871-1918), Hellingen was part of the Duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.
On assuming the crown he passed the Duchy of Burgundy to his younger brother Hugh the Black.
Within the German Empire (1871-1918), Oldisleben was part of the Grand Duchy of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach.
Within the German Empire (1871–1918), Vacha was part of the Grand Duchy of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach.
This area accounted for approximately one-tenth of area of the Duchy of Luxembourg at the time.
The duchy located to the south of Buck. Ruled by Duke Kelvar. The main city is Neatbay.
Within the German Empire (1870-1918), Menteroda was part of the Duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.
He had authority over the neighbouring seaports of Gaeta, Amalfi, and Sorrento, though each of these was largely autonomous, especially during the later years of the Neapolitan duchy. In this era, the duchy coined monies with the effigy of the emperor and Greek inscriptions. Greek was the official language.
There was an independent principality called Anhalt-Bernburg following the subdivision of the principality of Anhalt in 1603. This mini state was elevated to the rank of a duchy in 1806, and merged once more with the other parts to form a united duchy of Anhalt again in 1863.
Arnold, against the will of the towns and the law of the land, pledged his duchy to Charles for 300,000 Rhenish florins (1471). Upon Arnold's death two years later at Grave, Charles took possession of the duchy, starting a series of wars that would last more than 70 years.
Austria also did relatively well.Whaley, vol. II, p. 621. In addition, the two Habsburg archdukes who had been dispossessed of their Italian realms (the Grand Duchy of Tuscany and the Duchy of Modena) were also compensated even though their realms were not part of the Holy Roman Empire.
It is not known exactly what the duchy of Leuthari consisted of, since there was an Alamannic duke named Gunzo from the same time. Perhaps they co-ruled the same territory, or perhaps there were two Alamannic duchies. The duchy of Alsace under Gundoin was also partly Alamannic.
The Reformation peaked in Samogitia in 1580s and 1590s. During Giedraitis' tenure, twelve new churches were built in the diocese. They were funded by the King, nobles, or Giedraitis himself. Some of them were built near the borders with the Protestant Duchy of Prussia and Duchy of Livonia.
64–5 after the Southern Netherlands had been annexed by France on 1 October.Kreins (2003), p.64 Before the occupation of the French, the territory was part of the Duchy of Luxemburg and the Duchy of Bouillon. Luxembourg lost a small amount of its territory to Prussia in 1813.
Duchy of Lanc. Inq. p.m. xi, no. 65. Adam's great-grandson Ralph Byrom, died in 1599 without issue, leaving his fourteen-year-old brother Adam as heir to twelve messuages, half a water-mill and fulling-mill in Little Lever (or possibly Darcy Lever).Duchy of Lanc. Inq. p.m.
In the tenth century,Sources dispute whether before or after 955. a so-called Carantanian march (called the "march of Carinthia" because it was the march [i.e. frontier district] of the new Carinthian duchy) broke off from Carinthia. The Carantanian march was later to become the Duchy of Styria.
Duchy of Brabant and Prince-Bishopric of Liège in 1477. The Duchy of Brabant (adjective: Brabantian or Brabantine) was historically divided into four parts, each with its own capital. The four capitals were Leuven, Brussels, Antwerp and 's-Hertogenbosch. Before 's-Hertogenbosch was founded, Tienen was the fourth capital.
Loco # 3 of Main-Neckar-Bahn by Maschinenfabrik Esslingen (1846) The Main- Neckar Railway was built and operated as a joint state railway company, known as a condominium railway (Kondominalbahn), by the Free City of Frankfurt, The Grand Duchy of Hesse-Darmstadt and the Grand Duchy of Baden.
The Duchy of Montbazon is the area around Montbazon, near Tours, in France. During the Ancien Régime, Montbazon became a seigneurie held by the House of Rohan in the fifteenth century; was elevated to a comté in 1557, and raised to the level of a duchy in 1588.
The village could have existed in the 13th century. Later it belonged to the Duchy of Oświęcim, formed in 1315 in the process of feudal fragmentation of Poland and was ruled by a local branch of Piast dynasty. In 1327 the duchy became a fee of the Kingdom of Bohemia. In 1457 Jan IV of Oświęcim agreed to sell the duchy to the Polish Crown, and in the accompanying document issued on 21 February the village was mentioned as Czanyecz.
According to the constitution of the grand duchy, upon Dalberg's death, the state would be inherited by Napoleon's stepson, Eugène de Beauharnais. Dalberg abdicated in favour of Eugene on 26 October 1813, following Napoleon's defeat at the Battle of Leipzig. The grand duchy ceased to exist after December 1813, when the city was occupied by allied troops. While Frankfurt itself once again became a free city, most of the territory of the grand duchy was ultimately annexed by the Kingdom of Bavaria.
Maria Alexandrovna lamented that, after working hard for the Duchy of Saxe-Coburg, and clearing its finances, the duchy passed to Charles Edward who took control of the Duchy at his majority in July 1905. Relations with the new Duke were initially tense, but improved when Charles Edward provided his full support to the marriage of Maria Alexandrovna's youngest daughter, Princess Beatrice to Alfonso de Orleans y Borbón, Infante of Spain on 15 July 1909.Miller & Beéche, Royal Gatherings Volume II, p.
During the Middle Ages, the Kings of France considered that the Duchy of Brittany was feudally a part of their Kingdom of France (i.e. it was within the traditional borders of the realm, and the King of France was deemed to be overlord of the Duchy). In effect, however, the Duchy of Brittany was a largely independent sovereign state. It was recognized as independently sovereign and lying outside the Kingdom of France by Louis IV, an ally of Alan II, Duke of Brittany.
Banner of the Duke of Cornwall The Duchy of Cornwall was created in 1337 from the former earldom of Cornwall. The first Duke was Edward, the Black Prince (1330-1376) who first used the badge of Three ostrich feathers. Fox-Davies states that the badge associated with the Duchy is that of the Black Bull, often termed "of Clarence".Fox-Davies, A Complete Guide to Heraldry Nevertheless, the Duchy is closely associated with the badge of the plume of feathers.
A sports field at Przecieszyn, 2017 In years 1441-1445 it was owned by Gothardus. Politically the village belonged then to the Duchy of Oświęcim, a fee of the Kingdom of Bohemia. In 1457 Jan IV of Oświęcim agreed to sell the duchy to the Polish Crown, and in the accompanying document issued on 21 February the village was mentioned as Przeceszyn. The territory of the Duchy of Oświęcim was eventually incorporated into Poland in 1564 and formed Silesian County of Kraków Voivodeship.
The village was first mentioned in 1404. It belonged then to the Duchy of Oświęcim, a fee of the Kingdom of Bohemia. In the document of Jan IV of Oświęcim issued on 21 January 1457 in which the duke agreed to sell the Duchy of Oświęcim to the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland the village was mentioned as Lanky. The territory of the Duchy of Oświęcim was eventually incorporated into Poland in 1564 and formed Silesian County of Kraków Voivodeship.
The village existed already in the early 13th century. Politically it belonged then to the Duchy of Oświęcim, formed in 1315 in the process of feudal fragmentation of Poland and was ruled by a local branch of Piast dynasty. In 1327 the duchy became a fee of the Kingdom of Bohemia. In 1457 Jan IV of Oświęcim agreed to sell the duchy to the Polish Crown, and in the accompanying document issued on 21 February the village was mentioned as Malyecz.
The village was first mentioned in 1368. Politically the village belonged then to the Duchy of Oświęcim, formed in 1315 in the process of feudal fragmentation of Poland and was ruled by a local branch of Piast dynasty. In 1327 the duchy became a fee of the Kingdom of Bohemia. In 1457 Jan IV of Oświęcim agreed to sell the duchy to the Polish Crown, and in the accompanying document issued on 21 February the village was mentioned as Charmaszy.
In 1327 the duchy became a fee of the Kingdom of Bohemia. In 1457 Jan IV of Oświęcim agreed to sell the duchy to the Polish Crown, and in the accompanying document issued on 21 February the village was mentioned as Włoszenycza. The territory of the Duchy of Oświęcim was eventually incorporated into Poland in 1564 and formed Silesian County of Kraków Voivodeship. Upon the First Partition of Poland in 1772 it became part of the Austrian Kingdom of Galicia.
Duke Hermann Billung did not agree to that and laid claim to his brother's estates, although he was probably excommunicated by the church as a result. In 1106 the duchy was transferred to Lothair of Supplinburg. Thanks to Lothair's status and wealth, underpinned by power, the duchy went in 1137 to the House of Welf and reached its heyday under Henry the Lion, but then came to an end. In 1235 the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg was given to the Welf, Otto.
His mother was Cordula Buchenröder, the daughter of a Church Superintendent Michael Buchenröder.The parish of Heldburg is not covered by Licht am Abend because, at the time of the Reformation, it was not a part of the Duchy of Coburg. It belonged to the Duchy of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg. Since Licht am Abend covers only the Duchy of Coburg, the biography of Michael Buchenröder ( 1610 – 1682 ) is not included. But it is in Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie, Volume 3, page 476.
The detached Marcha Orientalis was the Babenbergs as the new Duchy of special privileges to the nucleus of the later Austria (Ostarrichi). Henry the Lion founded numerous cities, including Munich in 1158. Through his strong position as ruler of the two duchies of Saxony and Bavaria he came into conflict with Frederick I Barbarossa. With the banishment of Henry the Lion and the separation of Styria as a private duchy in 1180 the younger tribal duchy came to an end.
Svislach Castle () was a castle that lay in the lands of present-day Belarus on the right bank of the Byarezina River in the place where it meets the Svislach River. Initially the castle was established as the center of the Duchy of Svislach; it later belonged to the Duchy of Minsk, and from the 14th century to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. The castle came into the possession of the Radziwill family and one of its prominent owners was Bogusław Radziwiłł.
The duke appoints a number of officials in the county and acts as the port authority for the main harbour of the Isles of Scilly. The government considers the duchy to be a crown body and therefore exempt from paying corporation tax. The tax exempt status of the duchy has been challenged; and, since 1993, the Duke of Cornwall, the Prince of Wales, has voluntarily paid income tax on the duchy income, less amounts that he considers to be official expenditure.
Tyzenhaus palace in Vilnius Tyzenhaus (, , , ) was a noble family of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth of German extraction. It was active in the Duchy of Livonia, Duchy of Courland and the northern Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Among the best-known members of the family were Gothard Jan Tyzenhaus, the Voivode of Dorpat (1634–1640), Constantine Tyzenhaus (1786–1853), ornitologist, and Antoni Tyzenhaus (1733–1785), the manager of royal property during the reign of Stanisław August Poniatowski. Antoni built Tyzenhaus Palace in Vilnius, Lithuania.
Coat-of-arms of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania The Provisional Government Commission of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania; also, the Lithuanian Provisional Governing Commission (French: le Gouvernement provisoire de Lituanie; also Gouvernement générale de la Lithuanie, Lithuanian Lietuvos laikinosios vyriausybės komisija, Polish: Komisja Rządu Tymczasowego Wielkiego Księstwa Litewskiego; also Komisja Rządząca Tymczasowa Litewska) was a provisional administrative body for the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, which had been overtaken by Napoleon's Grand Army during the 1812 French invasion of Russia.
The territorial possessions of the Dukes of Arenberg varied through the ages. Around 1789, the duchy was located in the Eifel region on the west side of the Rhine and contained, amongst others, Aremberg, Schleiden and Kerpen. However, although the duchy itself was in Germany, from the 15th century onward, the principal lands of the Dukes of Arenberg have been in what is now Belgium. The pre-Napoleonic duchy had an area of 413 km² and a population of 14,800.
Their daughter Claude married the next French king preserving the union of the Duchy in the crown. Their son was the first to unite the Kingdom of France and the Duchy of Brittany into a single person; he attempted to preserve Brittany as a separately ruled sovereignty in a manner similar to the relationship between the crown of England and the Duchy of Cornwall, but his plans did not achieve fruition. This marked the complete union of Brittany to France.
The emperor Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor held the duchy from 1535, eventually investing it on his son Philip II, King of Spain from 1556. The possession of the duchy by Habsburg Spain was finally recognized by the French in the Treaty of Cateau-Cambrésis in 1559. The Duchy of Milan remained in Habsburg Spain hands until the War of the Spanish Succession (1701-1714), when the Austrians invaded it (1701) and obtained it with the Convention of Milan in 1707.
Its demands for the whole Duchy of Warsaw were denied by other European powers. Prussia regained some of the territory it had lost to the Duchy of Warsaw in 1807: the territory it had annexed in the First Partition and some of what it had conquered in the Second Partition. The Kulmerland became part of the Province of West Prussia; the remaining territories (i.e., Greater Poland/Poznań), which covered an area of approximately , were reconstituted into the Grand Duchy of Posen.
In 1235 Canelli became an equal partner in the Republic of Asti and Canelli. It became an outpost in the republic's frequent wars against its great rival, the Duchy of Monferrato. In 1613 Canelli broke the siege laid by Carlo I, later the Duke of Mantua, as part of a war of succession with the Duchy of Monferrato. The town's defenses were manned by soldiers from the Duchy of Savoy, actively supported by the citizens: Carlo's troops were unable to break through them.
Bavaria in the 19th century and beyond When Napoleon abolished the Holy Roman Empire, Bavaria became a kingdom in 1806 due, in part, to the Confederation of the Rhine. Its area doubled after the Duchy of Jülich was ceded to France, as the Electoral Palatinate was divided between France and the Grand Duchy of Baden. The Duchy of Berg was given to Jerome Bonaparte. Tyrol and Salzburg were temporarily reunited with Bavaria but finally ceded to Austria by the Congress of Vienna.
Their candidate was Henri Jules, Prince of Condé. In order to strengthen his position, the Duchy of Opole-Racibórz was passed to him as a dowry for his wife - Anne Henriette of Bavaria - the queen's niece. This was contested by emperor Leopold I who repurchased the Duchy on 21 May 1666 for 120 000 guldens. After the Habsburgs regained Upper Silesia, tolerance for the Protestant population ended and a program of counterreformation for the northern parts of the Duchy was introduced.
It had 31 members, and formed separate offices to manage the military forces, the administration and the treasury. Jakub Jasinski was named commandant of rebel forces in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. On April 25, Great Hetman of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania Szymon Marcin Kossakowski was hanged as a traitor of the Commonwealth. On June 4 Tadeusz Kosciuszko dissolved the Council, as he regarded it too radical, and replaced it with Central Office of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
24 The marriage ensured the right of succession in the Prussian duchy as well as in Cleves. Upon George Frederick's death in 1603, the regency of the Prussian duchy passed to Joachim Frederick. Also in 1603, the Treaty of Gera was concluded by the members of the House of Hohenzollern, ruling that their territories were not to be internally divided in the future. The Electors of Brandenburg inherited the Duchy of Prussia upon Albert Frederick's death in 1618,Gotthard (2006), p.
Theodoric I (10th century; German: Dietrich, also known as Thierry) was a nobleman in the Duchy of Saxony.
Saxe-Coburg () was a duchy held by the Ernestine branch of the Wettin dynasty in today's Bavaria, Germany.
Demery as a surname originates from the Duchy of Normandy, in France, where the Demery family was established.
A map of Russia's Grand Duchy of Finland from 1825. The map texts are in Russian and Swedish.
5 She was also bitter towards the French, who had deprived her father of the Duchy of Modena.
Derlingowe in Saxony, about 1000 The Derlingau was an early medieval county (Gau) of the Duchy of Saxony.
In 1434, the duchy was transformed into the Podolian Voivodeship of the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland.
Charles de Blois was killed at Auray, enabling Jean de Montfort to claim the Duchy without further conflict.
According to Vlad Georgescu, more than 40 excavated Transylvanian sites can be identified as settlements in Gelou's duchy.
Bartolommeo Gavanto () (Monza, Duchy of Milan 1569--Milan, 14 August 1638) was an Italian Barnabite priest and liturgist.
Within the German Empire (1871-1918), Bad Sulza was part of the Grand Duchy of Saxe-Weimar- Eisenach.
The manuscript is written in Ancient Greek, which was still a language spoken in the Duchy of Naples.
Within the German Empire (1871–1918), Berga/Elster was part of the Grand Duchy of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach.
Within the German Empire (1871-1918), Berka/Werra was part of the Grand Duchy of Saxe-Weimar- Eisenach.
Karl Harald Wiik was born 13 April 1883 in Helsinki, the capital of the Grand Duchy of Finland.
The County of Guastalla was raised to ducal status in 1621, when it became the Duchy of Guastalla.
"Whodunits set in 'duchy of Westmount' will appeal to tweed-curtain aficionados". Victoria Times-Colonist, August 1, 2004.
Initially neglected, in 1807 the town became part of the Duchy of Warsaw and a major administrative centre.
Thomas Fell (1598–1658), was a lawyer, member of parliament and vice- chancellor of the duchy of Lancaster.
Thomas Pemberton Leigh, Baron Kingsdown (during the course of the debate elevated to the peerage) represented the duchy.
The Rovere family ruled the duchy until its extinction in 1631, when it returned to the Papal States.
Vaasa would now become a part of the newly formed Grand Duchy of Finland within the Russian Empire.
Bavaria-Ingolstadt ( or ') was a duchy which was part of the Holy Roman Empire from 1392 to 1447.
Merczyng and Jan Jakubowski mathematically analyzed and described prince Radziwiłł's 17th-century map of Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
He was Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster in 1886, and secretary to the Admiralty in 1892–1895.
During the Leaguist occupation under Tilly (1628–1630), they suffered from attempts of re-Catholicisation. In 1648 the prince-archbishopric was transformed into the Duchy of Bremen, which was first ruled in personal union by the Swedish – interrupted by a Danish occupation (1712–1715) – and from 1715 on by the Hanoverian Crown. In 1807 the ephemeric Kingdom of Westphalia annexed the duchy, before France annexed it in 1810. In 1813 the duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which – after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 – incorporated the duchy in a real union and the ducal territory, including Mittelnkirchen, became part of the Stade Region, established in 1823.
He would represent the county again in 1406, 1413, and 1414. He was made Controller of the Household of Henry IV in 1404 and Steward of the household of Henry, Prince of Wales from 1407 to 1413. Over the next decade he acquired a large number of positions in the royal household administration. He was Keeper of the city of York for the Crown (1405-1406), Steward of the Duchy of Lancaster, Lordship of the High Peak, Derbyshire (1405-death), Steward of the duchy lordship of Tutbury, Staffordshire (by 1407-death), Bailiff of the High Peak (by 1413-death), Chief Steward of the Duchy of Lancaster north parts (1413-death) and Chamberlain of the Duchy of Lancaster (1416-death).
The first monarchy ever officially titled a "grand duchy" was the Medici sovereignty over Tuscany under suzerainty of the Holy Roman Emperors, the first rulers receiving the title in 1569. Tuscany remained a grand duchy until 1860, when it was annexed by the Kingdom of Sardinia which succeeded in establishing a united Kingdom of Italy. The Grand Duchy of Lithuania had an elective monarch since 1569 and came under the prolonged dominance of the Polish crown, until both monarchies were eradicated in 1795 by the combined intervention of Russia, Prussia and Austria. In the early nineteenth century, Napoléon I occasionally used the title "grand duchy" for several French satellite states given to his relatives or generals.
Claude's death in 1524 separated the Duchy from the crown once more, and (it would transpire) for the final time. Because Claude, like her mother, was sovereign Duchess, the title of 'Duke' did not remain with her husband, but instead passed to her son, Francis III of Brittany, who was also Dauphin of France. Legally, the Crown and Duchy were again separate, but the Duke was a child, and the Duchy had been governed as an integral part of France for years; the King had little trouble in maintaining royal control over the Duchy. Breton independence was effectively ended when in 1532 the Estates of Brittany proclaimed the perpetual union of Brittany with the French crown.
In May 2007 Republic persuaded Brian Iddon MP to table an early day motion about the lack of transparency in the Duchy of Cornwall's accounts. Following a legal ruling in 2011 that the Duchy of Cornwall was separate from Prince Charles for the purposes of regulation, Republic asked HM Revenue and Customs to investigate if the Duchy should still be exempt from tax. The tax exemption is based on the assumption that the Duchy estate is inseparable from the tax exempt person of Prince Charles, which is now open to question. In 2013, lobbying by Republic resulted in William Nye, Prince Charles's private secretary, appearing before the Public Accounts Committee to explain the Duchy's tax arrangements.
Duchy of Podolia (, ) was a historical state that previously was a part of Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia. Following the 14th century partition of the Kingdom between the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania during the Galicia–Volhynia Wars, in 1366 Yuriy Koriatovich of Gediminids along with his brother succeeded in unknown way over the duchy as vassal of the Polish crown. In 1377 the duchy became a fiefdom after the King of Hungary Louis I of Hungary conducted a military raid on Ruthenian lands. After the death of King Louis, the Koriatovich brothers took active participation in electing Jogaila as King of Poland, yet kept their fief loyalty to the King of Hungary.
The elder Henry and Otto II disputed each other's claims to authority over the Duchy of Swabia: Henry claimed the duchy as his birthright while Otto II maintained his right to name a duke of his choosing. After an initial failed revolt, Otto II imprisoned the elder Henry in Ingelheim. After escaping, Henry again revolted against Otto II. When this second revolt failed, Otto II deposed Henry as Duke of Bavaria and sent him into exile under the custody of the Bishop of Utrecht in April 978. As a consequence of his revolt, the Emperor stripped the Duchy of Bavaria of its southeastern territories bordering Italy and formed the Duchy of Carinthia.
The part of the villages on the left bank of the Biała continued to be a part of the Duchy of Teschen, which like the Duchy of Oświęcim in 1327 also became a fee of the Kingdom of Bohemia. However, when the Duchy of Oświęcim became a part of Poland in the 1450s, the Duchy of Teschen continued to be a part of the Kingdom of Bohemia, which itself became a part of the Habsburg Monarchy in 1526. The name Muthindorf from 1305 evolved through Mickendorff (1566), Mukendorf P. Komorowice (1736), Mückendorf (1900) into Komorowice Czechowskie (1921) and as such were absorbed earlier by a nearby Czechowice. Bertoltowitz was mentioned as Biertoltowicze in 1563 and as Betzdorf in 1566.
Rather, they argue that Cornwall has been not only in English possession, but part of England itself, either since Athelstan conquered it in 936, since the administrative centralisation of the Tudor dynasty, or since the creation of Cornwall County Council in 1888. Finally, they agree with representatives of the Duchy itself that the Duchy is, in essence, a real estate company that serves to raise income for the Prince of Wales. They compare the situation of the Duchy of Cornwall with that of the Duchy of Lancaster, which has similar rights in Lancashire, which is indisputably part of England.for example, the Act of Parliament against false returns by escheators, 1 Henry VIII c.
The eastern and larger portion of the duchy was enclosed by the Prussian government district of Potsdam (in the Prussian province of Brandenburg) and by Magdeburg and Merseburg, belonging to the Prussian province of Saxony. The western or smaller portion, the so-called Upper Duchy or Ballenstedt, was also enclosed by the two latter districts as well as by the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg. When a united state, the capital of Anhalt was Dessau. Along with the fall of all German monarchies, the Duchy of Anhalt came to an end in 1918–19 during the revolution that followed the end of World War I. It was replaced by the Free State of Anhalt within the Weimar Republic.
The administration of the duchy is regulated by the Duchies of Lancaster and Cornwall (Accounts) Act 1838, which requires Treasury's supervision and for the accounts to be presented to both Houses of Parliament. The duchy has special legal rights, such as the rules on bona vacantia. This right to ownerless property operates in favour of the duchy rather than the Crown, such that the property of anyone who dies in the county of Cornwall without a will or identifiable heirs, and assets belonging to dissolved companies whose registered office was in Cornwall, pass to the duchy. In 2007, £130,000 was realised from the right of bona vacantia, and given to a charitable fund.
Incorporation into the Grand Duchy of Lithuania resulted in an economic, political and ethno-cultural unification of Belarusian lands. Of the principalities held by the Duchy, nine of them were settled by a population that would eventually become Belarusian people. During this time, the Duchy was involved in several military campaigns, including fighting on the side of Poland against the Teutonic Knights at the Battle of Grunwald in 1410; the joint victory allowed the Duchy to control the northwestern borderlands of Eastern Europe. The Muscovites, led by Ivan III of Moscow, began military campaigns in 1486 in an attempt to incorporate the lands of Kievan Rus', specifically the territories of modern Belarus, Russia and Ukraine.
A duchy is the territory or geopolitical entity ruled by a duke, whereas his title or area is often called a dukedom. The Grand Duchy of Luxembourg is a fully independent state and its head, the Grand Duke, is a sovereign monarch reigning over his Luxembourgish subjects. The Duke of Cornwall holds both the dukedom (title) and duchy (estate holdings), the latter being the source of his personal income; those living on the ducal estates are subjects of the British sovereign and owe neither fealty nor services to the duke per se. In Scotland the male heir apparent to the British crown is always the Duke of Rothesay as well, but this is a dukedom (title) without a duchy.
Slavs came to the territory of the former Roman province Pannonia in the late 6th and early 7th century, as evidenced by many archeological finds. According to De administrando imperio, at the time of the rule of Emperor Herakleios (610–640), Croats arrived in Dalmatia, founded a duchy there and, shortly afterward, a part of them went to the north to Pannonia and founded another duchy there (Pannonian Croatia). In the late 7th century or in the 8th century, the Duchy became vassalaged to the Avar Empire, as archaeological finds suggest. After the defeat of the Avar Empire by Frankish troops, Duke Vojnomir was assigned the Duchy as a vassal of the Frankish margrave of Friuli.
According to Widukind of Corvey, before the Frankish conquest, the tribal Duchy of Saxony had already existed from parts of Westphalia, Engers and Eastphalia. During the government of Gelnhausen, after the imperial ban of Henry the Lion by Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa on the grounds of a refusal of the army, the Duchy of Saxony was divided in 1180. The part which lay in the area of the archdiocese of Cologne and the bishopric of Paderborn, were combined into the new Duchy of Westpahlia and Engers, which at first belonged to the Archbishop of Cologne, Philipp von Heinsberg. The eastern part went to the Ascanian Bernhard as a "younger" Duchy of Saxony.
At the end of the First Silesian War, the peace of Wroclaw and the Treaty of Berlin from 1742 stood. In accordance with the treaty, the Duchy of Lower Silesia and the County of Kladsko passed "from the crown of Bohemia" to Frederick in full sovereignty and independence. He received Silesia, with the exception of the Duchy of Teschen, the city of Troppau, and the part beyond the Oppa and the high mountains, the Hennersdorf domination, and the Moravian enclaves in Silesia as well as the southern part of the Duchy of Nysa near Austria and the Duchy of Krnov. The Moravian Enclave Kietrz and the former Bohemian County of Kladsko went to Prussia.
In the election of Lothar II in 1125, a small number of eminent nobles chose the monarch and then submitted him to the remaining magnates for their approbation. Soon, the right to choose the monarch was settled on an exclusive group of princes, and the procedure of seeking the approval of the remaining nobles was abandoned. The college of electors was mentioned in 1152 and again in 1198. The composition of electors at that time is unclear, but appears to have included representatives of the church and the dukes of the four nations of Germany: the Franks (Duchy of Franconia), Swabians (Duchy of Swabia), Saxons (Duchy of Saxony) and Bavarians (Duchy of Bavaria).
After the death of Mieszko's grandson Duke Władysław Opolski in 1281, his sons again divided the Duchy of Opole and Racibórz and the Duchy of Opole was recreated for Casimir and his brother Bolko I, contemporaneously with the establishment of the duchies of Cziesyn and Bytom on former Racibórz territory. In 1327 King John the Blind of Bohemia reasserted his influence over the Duchy of Opole in an attempt to stabilise the situation. The Duchy underwent various future territorial changes, becoming increasingly small until the mid-15th century, when it would start to expand again, resulting in the recreation of the Duchy of Opole and Racibórz under Duke Jan II the Good in 1521. Jan however died without issue in 1532 and the Opole line of the Piasts became extinct, whereafter Opole and Racibórz as feudal fiefdoms reverted to the sovereignty of the Bohemian Crown.
Named Cruceburg, it received Magdeburg rights on February 26, 1253, the official date for founding of the town. The Knights adjudicated in the town until 1274, when it started to be administered by a vogt of local Silesian dukes and juries were introduced. As a result of the fragmentation of Poland, Kluczbork was part of various Polish duchies ruled by the Piast dynasty: Duchy of Silesia until 1293, Duchy of Głogów until 1312, Duchy of Oleśnica until 1323 and Duchy of Legnica until 1341, when it came under direct rule of the King of Poland, Casimir III the Great. In 1356 it passed to the Czech Crown Lands, and it soon returned under the rule of local Polish dukes of the Piast dynasty, as part of various duchies. From 1536 it was part of the Piast-ruled Duchy of Brzeg until its dissolution in 1675.
Oświęcim Castle The duchy was created in 1315 in the aftermath of the ongoing 12th century fragmentation of Poland on these southeastern estates of the original Duchy of Silesia, which the Polish High Duke Casimir II the Just had split off the Seniorate Province and granted to the Silesian duke Mieszko IV Tanglefoot in 1177. From 1281 onwards, the area had been part of the Silesian Duchy of Teschen (Cieszyn) until after the death of Duke Miezsko I in 1315, the lands of Oświęcim east of the Biała were split off from it as a separate duchy for Mieszko's son Władysław. In 1327 his heir Duke Jan I the Scholastic paid homage to King John of Bohemia and likewise many other Silesian duchies, Oświęcim became a vassal of the Bohemian Crown. In 1445 the duchies of Zator and Toszek were created from some the lands of the duchy.
Louis XI therefore agreed with his brother to exchange Normandy for the Duchy of Guyenne (Aquitaine). Finally, to signify that Normandy would not be ceded again, on 9 November 1469 the ducal ring was placed on an anvil and smashed. This was the definitive end of the duchy on the continent.
In the aftermath of World War I, popular protests against the electoral law discriminating against Poles led to new elections in 1918, in which 521 deputies were elected in the Grand Duchy; that Sejm would support the integration of the Grand Duchy territories to the newly formed Second Polish Republic.
The Grand Duchy of Finland, as the country was named until 1917. In 1809, the Russian Empire took Finland from Sweden in the Finnish War. Finland entered a personal union with the Russian Empire as a grand duchy with extensive autonomy. During the period of Russian rule the country generally prospered.
The Duchy of Sandomierz was thus created (...) During the reign of Wladyslaw Lokietek, the duchy was turned into a large voivodeship. In ca. 1471, the Land of Lublin was separated from it (...) The area of Sandomierz Voivodeship was 467 square miles, with 374 Roman Catholic parishes, 100 towns, and 2,586 villages.
The Grand Duke of Tuscany Ferdinand II de Medici called him back to Florence and named him commander of the army of the Grand Duchy. On 29 July 1643, for services rendered to the Grand Duchy, he gave him the marquisate of Borro. He returned to the service of the Venetians.
Saint Sofia, princess of Slutsk The Olelkovich (, , , ) family was a 15th–16th-century princely family from the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Their main possession was the Duchy of Slutsk–Kapyl. They are sometimes known as Slutsky. They were descended from the Lithuanian Gediminids (male line) and Ruthenian Rurikids (female line).
Elisabeth Farnese's ambitions were realized at the conclusion of the War of the Austrian Succession in 1748 when the Duchy of Parma and Piacenza, already occupied by Spanish troops, were ceded by Austria to her second son, Philip, and combined with the former Gonzaga duchy of Guastalla. Elisabeth died in 1766.
Carrara and Massa formed the Duchy of Massa and Carrara from the 15th to the 19th century. Under the last Malaspina, Maria Teresa, who had married Ercole III d'Este, it became part of the Duchy of Modena. After the short Napoleonic rule of Elisa Bonaparte, it was given back to Modena.
A document from 1792 lists only 47 sejmiks. Although the independent existence of the Commonwealth ended with the partitions of Poland in 1795, the institution of the sejmik continued, albeit in a somewhat restricted fashion. In the Duchy of Warsaw, sejmiks elected deputies to the Sejm of the Duchy of Warsaw.
However, in 1876, the ducal government and the Ritter- und Landschaft decided to dissolve the Duchy with effect on 1 July 1876. Its territory was then integrated into the Prussian Province of Schleswig-Holstein as the district Herzogtum Lauenburg, meaning the Duchy of Lauenburg. For the further history see Herzogtum Lauenburg.
In 1672 he bought the principate of Bardi and Compiano from Gianandrea Doria Landi, giving the Duchy its final shape. In the last days of his reign, the Duchy suffered heavily from the presence of Imperial troops, who were fighting in the dispute between Victor Amadeus II of Savoy and France.
The Duchy of Münsterberg () or Duchy of Ziębice (, ) was one of the Duchies of Silesia, with a capital in Münsterberg (Ziębice). Existing from 1321/1322 to 1742, it was located in what came to be referred to as Lower Silesia. Its territory is similar to modern Ząbkowice Śląskie County in Poland.
Settlements in the parish include the hamlet of Landulph and the bigger village of Cargreen which is on the bank of the River Tamar. The manor of Landulph belongs to the Duchy of Cornwall.C. E. Welch "A survey of some Duchy manors" Devon & Cornwall Notes & Queries, 1964 Vol. 29, pp.
From 1807-15 it belonged to the Duchy of Warsaw. It was assigned to the Duchy of Poznan in 1815, and in 1817 it was included in West Prussia. In 1871 it was included in Imperial Germany and was subject to Germanisation. In January 1920 it became part of Poland.
Piskorski (1999), p.97 Bogislaw V received most of the Farther Pomeranian parts. Excepted was the land of Neustettin, which was to be ruled by his brother Wartislaw V, and was integrated into Bogislaw's part- duchy only after his death in 1390. This eastern part duchy became known as Pomerania-Stolp.
The Polish–Bohemian War or Polish–Czech War () was a conflict in Europe in 990 between the Polish duke Mieszko I of the Duchy of Poland and the Bohemian duke Boleslaus II of the Duchy of Bohemia. It ended with the Bohemians' defeat and with Poland acquiring the territory of Silesia.
The two parties were called "principisti" (supporters of the Princes) and "madamisti" (supporters of Madama Reale). After four years of fighting, Christine was victorious, thanks to French military support. Not only did she keep the Duchy for her son, she also prevented France getting too much power in the Duchy.
The duchy from which the Six Duchies are ruled. The capital of all the Six Duchies is situated there. Buckkeep, the ancient fortress built from black stone, seat to the King and Queen, oversees Buck River and Buckkeep Town. Blue is the color of this duchy and the buck its sigil.
Bavaria-Munich () was a duchy that was a constituent state of the Holy Roman Empire from 1392 to 1505.
Asti became part of the French kingdom until it was handed over to the Duchy of Savoy in 1575.
In compensation to Władysław II, he forced Bolesław to promise the restitution of the Silesian duchy to Władysław's sons.
While there, centralising his kingdom, Roger declared a new standard coinage, named after the duchy of Apulia: the ducat.
The Brabançons or Brabanters () were routiers (mercenary troops) originally from the Duchy of Brabant active between 1166 and 1214.
The village belonged to the Bishopric of Speyer and was assigned to the Grand Duchy of Baden in 1803.
From 1138 to 1228, part of the Duchy of Kraków and Sandomierz, belonging to the high-dukes of Poland.
The Duchy ceased to exist when the Kingdom of Prussia annexed it in 1866 after the Austro-Prussian War.
Lorenzo Allegri (died 1527) was an Italian painter, working in the city of Correggio in the Duchy of Modena.
In 1871, he wrote the book Návuk od szvétogá potrdjenyá szvesztva, which was published in Graz, Duchy of Styria.
130, 132, 306. She functioned as the de facto ruler of the Duchy of Parma between 1748 and 1759.
The Duchy of Głubczyce fell to King Matthias as a completed fief. Matthias gave it to his son John.
By the Carinthian Plebiscite in October 1920, the main area of the duchy formed the Austrian state of Carinthia.
Five years after the death of Zacharias in 1809, Finland became an autonomous Grand Duchy of Russia (1809–1917).
Events, monuments and institutions like "Battle/Siege/Council/Church/Duchy/etc. of NNN" are listed by the location/name.
In 1814 the principality became the Duchy of Brunswick, ruled by the senior branch of the House of Welf.
Guelders or Gueldres (, ) is a historical county, later duchy of the Holy Roman Empire, located in the Low Countries.
The VI Games of the Small States of Europe were held in 1995 by the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
This is a list of people who are descended from the Old Belarusians of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
The southernmost duchy. Ruled by Duke Shemshy. Notable for its nearly constant border disputes and derivative hate of Chalced.
But did not you yourself come all the way from France to endue him with the duchy of Touraine?
Jonas Radvanas (; , died after 1592) was a Renaissance poet and protestant reformer from the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Very little is known about his life and he is best remembered as the author of an epic poem Radivilias dedicated to the military achievements of Mikołaj "the Red" Radziwiłł. However, the poem goes beyond a simple panegyric and paints a broader patriotic image of the Grand Duchy. In total, he wrote 18 poems that were published in various publications by the Calvinists in the Grand Duchy.
In 1327 the duchy became a fee of the Kingdom of Bohemia. In 1457 Jan IV of Oświęcim agreed to sell the duchy to the Polish Crown, and in the accompanying document issued on 21 February the villages were mentioned as Polanka Antiqua and Nowa Polanka. The territory of the Duchy of Oświęcim was eventually incorporated into Poland in 1564 and formed Silesian County of Kraków Voivodeship. Upon the First Partition of Poland in 1772 it became part of the Austrian Kingdom of Galicia.
The village was first mentioned in 1314. Since 1315 it belonged to the Duchy of Oświęcim, which in 1327 became a fee of the Kingdom of Bohemia. In the document of Jan IV of Oświęcim issued on 21 January 1457 in which the duke agreed to sell the Duchy of Oświęcim to the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland the village was mentioned as Babicze. The territory of the Duchy of Oświęcim was eventually incorporated into Poland in 1564 and formed Silesian County of Kraków Voivodeship.
Paul, who was originally from the duchy of Friuli also recounts in detail the betrayal of Romilda, Gisulf's wife, who handed the city of Cividale over to the Avars. They sacked the duchy and then withdrew to Pannonia. Gisulf II's sons, Tasso and Kakko had narrowly managed to escape the battle in which their father lost his life and assumed control of Friuli. They undertook a campaign against the Slavs and temporarily extended the eastern borders of the duchy up to Matrei in present East Tyrol.
The Slavs arrived in southeastern Europe in the early 7th century and established several states, including the Duchy of Croatia. The Christianization of the Croats began soon after their arrival and was completed by the beginning of the 9th century. The rule over the duchy alternated between the rival Domagojević and Trpimirović dynasties. The duchy was rivaled by the neighbouring Republic of Venice, fought and allied with the First Bulgarian Empire, and went through periods of vassalage to the Carolingian Empire and the Byzantine Empire.
The Italian population was mostly wary of Habsburg Austria, as they feared the increasing Austrian influence in Italy. Under the terms settled by the Congress of Vienna, direct Austrian rule was restored in the Duchy of Milan 19 years after Napoleon's invasion. Habsburg princes had also been reinstated in the Grand Duchy of Tuscany and the Duchy of Modena. Murat was hoping that an Austrian army in Naples would prove too much, and that the Italian population would rise up in support of his cause.
He was appointed Regent of the Duchy of Oldenburg for his incapacitated cousin Peter Frederick William in 1785. From 1785 until 1803, he also served as the last Lutheran Prince-Bishop of Lübeck, until that Prince-Bishopric was secularized as the Principality of Lübeck and joined to Oldenburg. Following the death of Wilhelm in 1823, he himself became reigning Duke of Oldenburg. Although the Duchy of Oldenburg had been elevated to a Grand Duchy in 1815, he refrained from using the title of Grand Duke.
The first information was local, followed by news from Rome. Then came news from other Italian states: Kingdom of Naples, Grand Duchy of Tuscany, Duchy of Milan, Republic of Genoa, Duchy of Savoy (always in the same order). The news from abroad came from: Madrid, Lisbon, Paris (occasionally from other French cities), Lucerne (and other Swiss cities, such as Bern and Geneva), Cologne (also Frankfurt, Argentorati and Hamburg), The Hague, Brussels, London, Vienna and Poland. Finally, news was published from Venice or from Mantua.
The village was first mentioned in 1316 as Kytsitz. Politically the village belonged then to the Duchy of Teschen, formed in 1290 in the process of feudal fragmentation of Poland and was ruled by a local branch of Piast dynasty. In 1327 the duchy became a fee of Kingdom of Bohemia, which after 1526 became part of the Habsburg Monarchy. In years 1573/1577–1594 it belonged to Skoczów-Strumień state country that was split from the Duchy of Teschen but was later purchased back.
After the assassination of Pier Luigi Farnese, Duke of Parma, son of Pope Paul III, the papal states wished to regain the duchy he had set up. Pier Luigi's son Ottavio Farnese was Charles V's son-in-law and took possession of the duchy despite Paul III and Julius III's opposition. Ottavio approached Henry II of France, who had his own reasons to oppose the papal claim to the duchy. Shortly after negotiations opened, Julius III and Charles V began a war against Parma.
In 1579 Pope Gregory XIII acquired the duchy for 100,000 scudi, assigning it to his son Giacomo Boncompagni. The duchy was also at this time enlarged by the acquisition of Aquino and Arpino, becoming a truly autonomous seigniory only nominally dependent on the Kingdom of Naples. The creation of an independent state in southern Lazio had been managed by cardinal Francesco Maria Del Monte to counterbalance the expansion of the House of Farnese. Giacomo married Costanza Sforza, who embellished the duchy with buildings, gardens and schools.
Bar-le-Duc was at one time the seat of the county, from 1354 the Duchy of Bar. Though probably of ancient origin, the town was unimportant until the 10th century when it was fortified by Frederick I of Upper Lorraine. Bar was an independent duchy from 1354 to 1480, when it was acquired by Duchy of Lorraine. The Ville Haute, which is reached by staircases and steep narrow thoroughfares, is intersected by a long, quiet street, bordered by houses of the 15th, 16th and 17th centuries.
In 1106, Henry V granted the Margraviate to Godfrey I of Leuven. His descendants would from 1235 onwards become the Dukes of Brabant and the region itself was the northern part of the Duchy of Brabant. In 1430 the Duchy became part of the Duchy of Burgundy until 1477 when it fell to the House of Habsburg. In 1713, at the end of the Spanish Succession War the region became part of the Austrian Netherlands until 1794, with in 1790 the short lived United States of Belgium.
The Duchy of Mantua was a duchy in Lombardy, Northern Italy. Its first duke was Federico II Gonzaga, member of the House of Gonzaga that ruled Mantua since 1328. The following year, the Duchy also acquired the March of Montferrat, thanks to the marriage between Gonzaga and Margaret Paleologa, Marchioness of Montferrat. The Duchy's historic power and influence under the Gonzaga family has made it one of the main artistic, cultural, and especially musical hubs of Northern Italy and the country as a whole.
Duchy of Cornwall office The Duchy of Cornwall purchased the Newton Park Estate, which included much property in the village, following the death of 5th Earl Temple in 1941. Together with the adjacent Manor of Inglescombe (Englishcombe) that the Duchy already owned, this created the Duchy's largest estate outside Dartmoor. The Duchy's largest rural portfolio office is in the village. This is the headquarters of the eastern district, covering Somerset, Dorset, Wiltshire, Gloucestershire and Herefordshire, the centralised finance and property services office, and the Estate Surveyor office.
Hallam and Everard, pp. 65–66. Henry claimed to be the overlord of Brittany, on the basis that the duchy had owed loyalty to Henry I, and saw controlling the duchy both as a way of securing his other French territories and as a potential inheritance for one of his sons.Everard (2000), p. 35. Initially Henry's strategy was to rule indirectly through proxies, and accordingly Henry supported Conan IV's claims over most of the duchy, partly because Conan had strong English ties and could be easily influenced.
Hohenzollerns were eventually deprived of the Duchy of Karniów in 1620, during the Thirty Years' War.Christian-Frederik Felskau [in:] J. Bahlacke, D. Gawrecki, R. Kaczmarek (red.) Historia Górnego Śląska, Gliwice 2011, p. 140, , , After the death of the last Piast duke of Opole-Racibórz in 1532, his duchy was pawned to Margrave George for 183 333 guldens and remained in his possession till 1549. Between 1645 and 1666 duchy of Opole and Racibórz was in possession of the Polish monarchs from the House of Vasa.
In the consistory of 22 March 1634, the pope communicated this to the College of Cardinals. Immediately following Nicholas's accession to the dukedom, the French invaded the duchy and forced the new duke to sign a treaty recognizing their right to occupy it. In April 1634, Nicholas himself fled into exile, and soon after abdicated himself, returning the claim to the duchy to his older brother, Charles. With one brief exception, Charles would not, however, be able to return to his duchy until 1661.
The Přemyslid king Ottokar II of Bohemia acquired the Duchy of Austria in 1251, the Duchy of Styria in 1261, the Egerland in 1266, the Duchy of Carinthia with the March of Carniola and the Windic March in 1269 as well as the March of Friuli in 1272. His plans to turn Bohemia into the leading Imperial State were aborted by his Habsburg rival King Rudolph I of Germany, who seized his acquisitions and finally defeated him in the 1278 Battle on the Marchfeld.
Administrative division of the Duchy of Warsaw, 1810–1815. Kraków Department is light pink in the south. Kraków Department (Polish: Departament krakowski) was a unit of administrative division and local government in Polish Duchy of Warsaw in years 1809–1815.The Duchy of Warsaw, 1807-1815: A Napoleonic Outpost in Central Europe 1472524144 Jaroslaw Czubaty - 2016 According to Baczkowski, civil servants of the Kraków Department sometimes blocked initiatives from the municipal ... Its capital city was Kraków and the area was further subdivided onto 10 powiats.
Seal of the Minister of War of the Duchy of WarsawIn addition to the Army of the Duchy of Warsaw, Poles also served in other formations allied to France; most notably, the Vistula Legion. In addition to the standing army, a national guard could be called into action, as happened in 1809 and 1811. Notable Polish commanders of the Army of the Duchy of Warsaw included Prince Józef Poniatowski (who was the army chief commander throughout most of its history) and Jan Henryk Dąbrowski.
The Grand Duchy of Tuscany was an independent Italian state from 1569 to 1859, but was occupied by France from 1808 to 1814. The Duchy comprised most of the present area of Tuscany, and its capital was Florence. In December 1859, the Grand Duchy officially ceased to exist, being joined to the Duchies of Modena and Parma to form the United Provinces of Central Italy, which was annexed by the Kingdom of Sardinia a few months later in March 1860. In 1862 it became part of Italy.
The circumstances surrounding the creation of the duchy are disputed. According to some scholars, Lombards were present in southern Italy well before the complete conquest of the Po Valley: the duchy by these accounts would have been founded in 571.Hodgkin, VI, 71&n1;, 73. The Lombards may have entered later, around 590.
It belonged to the Prince- Archbishopric of Bremen. In 1648 the Prince-Archbishopric was transformed into the Duchy of Bremen, which was first ruled in personal union by the Swedish and from 1715 on by the Hanoverian Crown. In 1823 the Duchy was abolished and its territory became part of the Stade Region.
It belonged to the Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen. In 1648 the Prince-Archbishopric was transformed into the Duchy of Bremen, which was first ruled in personal union by the Swedish and from 1715 on by the Hanoverian Crown. In 1823 the Duchy was abolished and its territory became part of the Stade Region.
Eudes II of Porhoët, also known as Odo II, is a notable figure in the history of the Duchy of Brittany. Odo II married into the ruling duchy of Brittany though his first marriage to Bertha (b.1114-?). This was Bertha's second marriage. She was the daughter of Conan III, Duke of Brittany.
To further complicate the matter, half of the duchy was held by Margareta of Celje, widow of Władysław of Głogów. Immediately after the death of Duke Henry XI, Barbara's father, Elector Albrecht Achilles, had the Duchy of Głogów occupied by Brandenburg troops under the command of his son John Cicero of Brandenburg.
In 1525, Grand Master Albert of Brandenburg secularized the Prussian branch of the Teutonic Order and established himself as the sovereign of the Duchy of Prussia. The duchy was nominally a fief of the Polish crown. It later merged with the Margraviate of Brandenburg. Königsberg was the duchy's capital from 1525 until 1701.
The monks of Bodmin held Treknow themselves: there was land for eight ploughs and of pasture.Thorn, C. et al. (eds.) (1979) Cornwall. Chichester: Phillimore; entry 4,13 Tintagel was one of the 17 Antiqua maneria of the Duchy of Cornwall.Hatcher, John (1970) Rural Economy and Society in the Duchy of Cornwall 1300–1500.
The Duchy of Pomerania was fragmented into Pomerania-Stettin (Farther Pomerania) and Pomerania-Wolgast (Western Pomerania) in 1532,Buchholz (1999), pp.205-220 underwent Protestant Reformation in 1534,Buchholz (1999), pp.205-212 and was even further fragmented in 1569.Buchholz (1999), pp.207 In 1627, the Thirty Years' War reached the duchy.
In 1155, the duchy was partitioned in Pomerania-Demmin and Pomerania-Stettin.Jan M Piskorski, Pommern im Wandel der Zeiten, 1999, p.41, With short interruptions, this division lasted until 1264.Jan M Piskorski, Pommern im Wandel der Zeiten, 1999, p.61, In 1295, the duchy was partitioned in Pomerania-Wolgast and Pomerania-Stettin.
Langer (2003), p.401 Bogislaw XIV concluded an alliance with the Swedish king in the Treaty of Stettin in July.Sturdy (2002), p.59 Wallenstein's forces were subsequently driven out of the Duchy of Pomerania, and Swedish forces had taken complete control of the duchy when Wallenstein's forces in Greifswald surrendered in June 1631.
In a will written in 1447 he left the Duchy to his three sons as co-rulers. In the testament was an entry who expressed the wish that the Duchy was not divided for 20 years. His heirs weren't allowed to consult foreign advisers. This was to ensure the unify of Głogów.
After a long stay in Prague, he returned to his duchy a year later. The Duke then went on a pilgrimage to Palestine between 1357 and 1358. Nicholas died in Hungary on 23 April 1358 during his return trip. His body was brought to the duchy and buried in the monastery in Heinrichau.
In 1807, the Duchy of Warsaw was created, and Drohiczyn was once again divided between the duchy and Russian Empire. In 1808, Russian authorities created Drohiczyn County, part of Grodno Governorate. In 1861, the population of both parts of Drohiczyn was 1700, with 1400 living in Polish district, and 300 inhabiting Ruthenian district.
In 2012, work began on "Surfbury" in Newquay. In 2013, the Duchy's office in Cornwall moved from Liskeard to Restormel Manor's old farm buildings. In 2014, the Duchy purchased the southern half of the Port Eliot estate from Lord St Germans. By 2015, Prince William had started attending the twice-yearly Duchy Council.
The family hoped that all their descendants would become emperors and that the duchy would become more powerful. Unfortunately, Frederick died soon after the wedding and this dream was crushed. Empress Anna never married again. After Fredrick died, his uncle inherited the duchy, and when he died childless, his line became extinct.
Through an Austrian-Bavarian treaty of 3 June 1814, Ferdinand lost his possessions to the Kingdom of Bavaria and the Grand Duchy was dissolved. Ferdinand was restored to a reconstituted Grand Duchy of Tuscany by the Congress of Vienna. The Roman Catholic Diocese of Würzburg was reestablished in 1821 without temporal power.
CD. (2003). Elektroninės leidybos namai: Vilnius. Algirdas's son Jogaila signed the Union of Krewo in 1386, bringing two major changes in the history of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania: conversion to Christianity and establishment of a dynastic union between the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland.
Napoleon's victories ended the short existence of South Prussia. The French Emperor incorporated that and other territories into the Duchy of Warsaw. After Napoleon's defeat in 1815, however, the Duchy was divided. Prussia annexed the western Posen region, and what is now central Poland became the Russian client-state known as Congress Poland.
Administrative division of the Duchy of Warsaw, 1810–1815. Płock Department is green in the north. Płock Department (Polish: Departament płocki) was a unit of administrative division and local government in the Polish Duchy of Warsaw from 1806 to 1815. Its capital city was Płock, and it was further divided onto 10 powiats.
Administrative division of the Duchy of Warsaw, 1810–1815. Siedlce Department is red in the center-east. Siedlce Department (Polish: Departament siedlecki) was a unit of administrative division and local government in Polish Duchy of Warsaw in years 1809–1815. Its capital city was Siedlce, and it was further divided onto 9 powiats.
Administrative division of the Duchy of Warsaw, 1810–1815. Radom Department is yellow in the center-south. Radom Department (Polish: Departament radomski) was a unit of administrative division and local government in Polish Duchy of Warsaw in years 1809–1815. Its capital city was Radom, and it was further divided onto 10 powiats.
The duchy of Antin was a French duchy created in 1711 by the promotion of the marquisate of Antin (held by the Pardaillan de Gondrin family) into a "duché- pairie". It merged the Marquisate of Antin and the baronies, lands and lordships of Bellisle, Mieslan, Tuilerie de Pis, Certias and their dependencies.
The legal implications of the accession of John the Good are frequently misunderstood. It is not uncommon to read that, upon the death of Philip of Rouvres, "the Duchy of Burgundy, lying within France, therefore escheated to the French crown." This claim is simply untrue; the duchy had been granted to the heirs of Robert I, and were it not for the manner in which the descendants of Duke Robert II married and the circumstances under which Philip of Rouvres died, John II, who made his claim to the duchy as the son of Joan of Burgundy and the grandson of Robert II, rather than as the feudal overlord of all France, would never have inherited it. The claim, however, that upon his inheritance of the duchy it was merged with the crown is more difficult to refute: for while this in itself certainly was not the case, he immediately attempted to merge the duchy into the crown by means of letters patent.
The monarch of the grand duchy, with title of Grand Duke of Posen, was the Hohenzollern king of Prussia and his representative was the Duke-Governor (Statthalter): the first was Prince Antoni Radziwiłł (1815–1831), who was married to Princess Louise of Prussia, the king's cousin. The governor was assigned to give advice in matters of Polish nationality, and had the right to veto the administration decisions; in reality, however, all administrative power was in the hands of the Prussian upper-president of the province. The Prussian administrative unit that covered the territory of the Grand Duchy was called the Province of the Grand Duchy of Posen in the years 1815–1849, and later to simplify just the Province of Posen (, ). The territory of the grand duchy was divided into two regions (), that of Bromberg and of Posen, whose borders reflected those of the Bydgoszcz and the Poznań Department of the previous Duchy of Warsaw.
Heinrich Adamy, Die Schlesischen Ortsnamen ihre entstechung und bedeutung, Verlag von Priebotsch`s Buchhandlung, Breslau 1888, p. 9 According to another theory, the name of the city comes from the old Polish name Namysł. In medieval manuscripts and documents such as the Liber fundationis episcopatus Vratislaviensis it appeared under the Latinized name Namislavia. Located within the fragmented Kingdom of Poland, until 1294 it was part of the Duchy of Wrocław, then the Duchy of Głogów, in years 1312-23 it was briefly the seat of the Duchy of Namysłów, then it was part of the Duchy of Brzeg until 1338, then the revamped Duchy of Namysłów again until 1341, and afterwards it came directly under the rule of King Casimir III of Poland until 1348. A castle, first documented in 1312, was a residence of Casimir III in 1341. The Treaty of Namysłów, in which Casimir renounced his claims to Silesia to King Charles IV of Bohemia, was signed in the town in 1348.
On his death, the duchy was probably seized by Aistulf and then granted to one Unnolf for a brief spell.
"Le Luxembourg décroche la lune", 'Official Portal of the Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg', Government of Luxembourg. Retrieved 16 April 2017.
It was decided that the historic connection to the duchy of Limburg was to be restored, albeit only in name.
The Duchy of Saxe-Eisenberg was one of the Saxon Duchies held by the Ernestine line of the Wettin Dynasty.
When the last male Montfort duke, Francis II of Brittany, died, the duchy passed to his daughter, Anne of Brittany.
King Ladislaus of Naples granted the Duchy of Athens to Nerio and his legitimate male heirs on 11 January 1394.
In 1327 the duchy became a fee of Kingdom of Bohemia, which after 1526 became part of the Habsburg Monarchy.
The junior king's duchy of Transylvania ceased to exist in 1235 when Béla inherited his father's throne.Kristó 2003, p. 155.
In 976 Henry the Younger received the severed Duchy of Carinthia in compensation. Duke Berthold is buried at Niederaltaich Abbey.
Krueger was born on July 21, 1823 in the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. He was a miller by trade.
In 1327 the duchy became a fee of Kingdom of Bohemia, which after 1526 became part of the Habsburg Monarchy.
Judith also had two biological sons: Daniel (1690 in Fellheim, Duchy of Bavaria – after 1720) and Leopold (1700 – after 1719).
Memorial of Vršovci in Vraclav, Czech Republic The Vršovci (Vrshovici) were a Czech noble family in the Duchy of Bohemia.
He was married to a widow Anna Maria Struck (1777-1830). He died in the Duchy of Schleswig in 1847.
87 The majority of the Crewe estate was sold by Robert Crewe-Milnes to the Duchy of Lancaster in 1936.
Even after the end of the Kingdom of Westphalia in 1813 the Duchy of Brunswick did not restore the abbey.
The 8th Lithuanian Cavalry Regiment () was a military unit of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, raised during the Kościuszko Uprising.
This title was added to reflect the annexation of the Kingdom of Hanover which contained the historic Duchy of Lüneburg.
He specializes in the history of Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Author of 11 books and more than 100 other publications.
In 1444 or earlier, Duvno became a possession of Stjepan Vukčić Kosača, the duke of the Duchy of Saint Sava.
Joachim Ernst, Duke of Anhalt (11 January 1901 - 18 February 1947) was the last ruler of the Duchy of Anhalt.
Following the fall of the Republic in 1555, much of the land was annexed by the Grand Duchy of Tuscany.
Thus he brought that realm, which had been lost in 910, back into the kingdom as the fifth stem duchy.
The Duchy of Lancaster was created in 1351 but became merged with the Crown when, in 1399, Henry Bolingbroke, Duke of Lancaster, ascended the throne of England as Henry IV. Nowadays the Duchy of Lancaster always belongs to the sovereign and its revenue is the Privy Purse. The Duchy of Cornwall was created in 1337 and held successively by the Dukes of Cornwall, who were also heirs to the throne. Nowadays, the Duchy of Cornwall belongs to the sovereign's heir apparent, if there is one: it reverts to the Crown in the absence of an heir apparent, and is automatically conferred to the heir apparent upon birth. These duchies today have mostly lost any non-ceremonial political role, but generate their holders' private income.
Austrian map from the late 18th century of "Upper Carniola or District of Ljubljana" Its origins as a separate political entity can be traced back to the 17th century, when the Habsburg duchy of Carniola was divided into three administrative districts. This division was thoroughly described by the scholar Johann Weikhard von Valvasor in his 1689 work The Glory of the Duchy of Carniola. The districts were known in German as Kreise (kresija in old Slovene). They were: Upper Carniola with its centre in Ljubljana, comprising the northern areas of the duchy; Lower Carniola, comprising the east and south-east, with its centre in Novo Mesto; and Inner Carniola comprising the west and south-west of the duchy, with its centre in Postojna.
609-637 Map showing the two contemporary provinces called "Limburg" as well as the medieval Duchy they are both named after. (The small overlap is Teuven and Remersdaal, two villages in the eastern part of Voeren, a municipality in Belgian Limburg since 1977). Ironically the area under the direct lordship of the old Duchy did not overlap at all with the modern Belgian and Dutch provinces named after it today, though the medieval Duchy was a high status title in the region. On the other hand, while the Duchy's effective power was limited, the Duchy and what is now South Limburg (referred to as Overmaas) did have a long history of connection under the lordship of the Dukes of Brabant.
Six other major states had one vote each in the Federal Assembly: the Kingdom of Bavaria, the Kingdom of Saxony, the Kingdom of , the Electorate of Hesse, the Grand Duchy of Baden, and the Grand Duchy of Hesse. Three member states were ruled by foreign monarchs: the King of Denmark as Duke of the Duchy of Holstein and Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg; the King of the Netherlands as Grand Duke of Luxembourg and Duke of the Duchy of Limburg; and the King of Great Britain (until 1837) as King of Hanover were members of the German Confederation. Each of them had a vote in the Federal Assembly. The four free cities of , , , and shared one vote in the Federal Assembly.
Finally incorporated into Brandenburg-Prussia by the Great Elector Frederick William I of Brandenburg in 1666 and part of the Kingdom of Prussia after 1701, Cleves was occupied by French forces in the Seven Years' War (1757–1762). In 1795 the Duchy of Cleves west of the Rhine and Wesel was occupied by France, and became part of the French département of the Roer. The rest of the duchy was occupied between 1803 and 1805, and became part of the département of Yssel-Supérieur and the puppet-state Grand Duchy of Berg (after 1811, the département of Lippe). In 1815, after the defeat of Napoleon, the duchy became part of the Prussian Province of Jülich-Cleves-Berg, which merged in the Prussian Rhine Province in 1822.
Zator Castle The Duchy of Zator was one of many Duchies of Silesia. It was split off the Duchy of Oświęcim, when after eleven years of joint rule the sons of Duke Casimir I in 1445 finally divided the lands among themselves, whereby his eldest son Wenceslaus received the territory around the town of Zator. The fragmentation of the duchy continued after Wenceslaus' death in 1468, when in 1474 his sons Casimir II and Wenceslaus II as well as Jan V and Władysław again divided the Zator territory in two along the Skawa river. After the death of Casimir II in 1490 however both parts of the duchy were reunited, and in 1494 Jan V as the last surviving brother became its sole ruler.
The Ruthenians composed most of the population of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania: this is the reason that the late GDL is often called a Slavic country, alongside Poland, Russia etc. In time, the adjective "Lithuanian" came to denote a Slav of the Grand Duchy. Eventually the Lithuanian speakers came to be known as Samogitians (see also Samogitian nobility), after the province in which they were the dominant majority. Another estimate for the combined population at the beginning of the 16th century gives 7.5 million, roughly split evenly, due to much larger territory of the Grand Duchy (with about 10-15 people per square km in Poland and 3-5 people per square km in the Grand Duchy, and even less in the south-east Cossack borderlands).
With the fall of the Napoleonic regime, the Congress of Vienna reassigned to Mary Beatrice all the territories that had been subtracted. At that time the Duchy of Massa and Carrara included the territories of Massa and Carrara, Aulla, Casola in Lunigiana, Comano, Filattiera, Fivizzano, Fosdinovo, Licciana, Montignoso, Mulazzo, Podenzana and Tresana. In 1829, at the death of Mary Beatrice, the Duchy of Massa and Carrara was annexed to the Duchy of Modena and Reggio by her son Francesco IV d'Este. In 1859, with the deposition of Francesco V d'Este, the Duchy of Modena and Reggio (which also includes the territories of Massa and Carrara) was permanently attached to the Kingdom of Sardinia, with the formation of province of Massa-Carrara in December 1859.
Ferdinando di Borbone The Duchy of Parma was created in 1545 from that part of the Duchy of Milan south of the Po River, which was conquered by the Papal States in 1512. These territories, centered on the city of Parma, were given as a fief for Pope Paul III's illegitimate son, Pier Luigi Farnese. In 1556, the second Duke, Ottavio Farnese, was given the city of Piacenza, becoming thus also Duke of Piacenza, and so the state was thereafter properly known as the Duchy of Parma and Piacenza (). The Farnese family continued to rule until their extinction in 1731, when the duchy was inherited by the young son of the King of Spain, Don Charles, whose mother Elizabeth Farnese was the Farnese heiress.
The Duchy of Pomerania (, , 12th century – 1637) was a duchy in Pomerania on the southern coast of the Baltic Sea, ruled by dukes of the House of Pomerania (Griffins). The duchy originated from the realm of Wartislaw I, a Slavic Pomeranian duke, and was extended by the Lands of Schlawe and Stolp in 1317, the Principality of Rügen in 1325, and the Lauenburg and Bütow Land in 1455. During the High Middle Ages, it also comprised the northern Neumark and Uckermark areas as well as Circipania and Mecklenburg-Strelitz. The Duchy of Pomerania was established as a vassal state of Poland in 1121, which it remained until the fragmentation of Poland after the death of Polish ruler Bolesław III Wrymouth in 1138.
The duchy was created by the Division of Erfurt in 1572 which implemented a decision of the Diet of Speyer in 1570 to separate Coburg and Eisenach from the Duchy of Saxe-Weimar and give them to John Casimir and John Ernest, the two sons of John Frederick II. However, because the two princes were still minors at the time, the country was at first ruled by Elector August of Saxony. In 1586 the guardianship and regency ended, and John Casimir and John Ernest began to jointly to rule the duchy. John Ernest soon withdrew and returned to his hunting lodge in Marksuhl. In 1590 he formally renounced all of his participation in the government of the duchy for five years.
Gell's next public appointment was shared with his brother, Thomas, who was a well- connected barrister in London. This was the office of Receiver and Supervisor of the Honour of Tutbury, granted in 1632 successively, for life, to Thomas, and to John and his son, John Gell the younger.Derbyshire Record Office D258/58/11 The Honour of Tutbury was the name given to the Derbyshire and Staffordshire estates of the Duchy of Lancaster, a royal possession, and Thomas was responsible for collecting Duchy rents and dues, including fees payable whenever a Duchy tenancy was transferred by sale or inheritance. Armed with a schedule of property on which inheritance fees were outstanding, Thomas Gell ordered that defaulters' property should be seized in lieu of unpaid Duchy rents.
In Belgium, Grand-Duché (French for "grand duchy") is often used as a metonym to refer to the neighbouring country, the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. This practice helps to avoid confusion with the adjacent Belgian Province of Luxembourg, i.e. the Walloon-speaking part of the portion of Luxembourg which was annexed by Belgium in 1839.
The Treaty of Tübingen was a treaty signed in the Duchy of Württemberg between its Duke, Ulrich, and the Estates of Württemberg. The treaty concluded the Poor Conrad revolt against Ulrich and annulled his recent taxes on the populace of the Duchy, while the Estates of his realm agreed to liquidate his substantial debts.
In 1805, Chodzież's weavers imported a weaving machine from Berlin. Shortly after, Napoleon defeated Prussia (1807) and out of the Treaty of Tilsit, this part of Poland became part of the Duchy of Warsaw. In 1815, Prussia and its allies defeated Napoleon, and this area became Prussian again as the Grand Duchy of Posen.
However, Frederick William died from a fall on the stairs at Schloss Weilburg on January 9, 1816, and it was his son William who later became duke of a unified Nassau. The sovereigns of this house afterwards governed the Duchy of Nassau until 1866. Since 1890, they have reigned the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
In the agreement of July 11, 1959, between the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg and the penitent Federal Republic of Germany, Luxembourg conclusively renounced its claim to the area of the Kammerwald and returned the territory to the Federal Republic of Germany, which in return paid 58.3 million DM to the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
After the Finnish War, the Treaty of Fredrikshamn converted all of Finland from Swedish territory to a Russian possession, the Grand Duchy of Finland. The Finnish–Russian border was moved back to the pre-1721 location, so that the Grand Duchy gained the so-called "Old Finland", territories previously held by Sweden, in 1812.
In 1826, the newly created Duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha was initially a double duchy, ruled by Duke Ernest I in a personal union. In 1852, the duchies were bound in a political and real union. They were then a quasi-federal unitary state, even though later attempts to merge the duchies failed.
His surname is somewhat confusing, as Mödling was not a separate duchy, but a subordinate- duchy ruled by the Babenbergs in Vienna. His territory, under his reign, experienced a marginal prosperity. During his government, he built Mödling castle in the 12th century. The most prominent guest was the minstrel Walther von der Vogelweide in 1219.
The war was ended by the Ostrów Agreement on August 4, 1392. The agreement transferred the Duchy from Skirgaila to Vytautas. On October 2, 1413, Vilnius and Trakai Voivodeships were created by the Union of Horodło from the Duchy of Trakai. The voivodeships were ruled by an appointed official and not by the dukes.
Gertrude of Flanders (c. 1070–1117), was a Countess of Louvain and Landgravine of Brabant by marriage to Henry III, Count of Leuven, and a Duchess of Lorraine by marriage to Theodoric II, Duke of Lorraine. At the time the duchy was the upper Lorraine, since 959 separated from the duchy of Lower Lorraine.
Politically, since the end of the 13th century, it comprised the Duchy of Vilnius/Lithuania and Duchy of Trakai, and perhaps was employed to refer to them both taken together. Since the 15th century, corresponding Trakai Voivodeship and Vilnius Voivodeship made up Aukštaitija, as a political and ethnically based unit, also known as Lithuania Propria.
The Duchy of Tridentum (Trent) was an autonomous Lombard duchy, established by Euin during the Lombard interregnum of 574-584Paul the Deacon, Historia Langobardorum, ii.32 (on-line text ); Henry Wace, A Dictionary of Christian Biography, Literature, Sects and Doctrines, vol. II (1880) s.v. "Euin". that followed the assassination of the Lombard leader Alboin.
Due to conflicts with the local nobility, he lost control of the duchy in 1617 and emigrated. Thereafter, his brother Friedrich became the sole ruler of the duchy. He died in the Kucklow abbey in Pomerania on 7 April 1640. His son, Jacob Kettler, succeeded Friedrich as Duke of Courland and Semigallia in 1642.
The rest of the Duchy was restored to Prussia. Although several isolated fortresses held out for more than a year, the existence of the Varsovian state in anything but name came to an end. Alexander I of Russia created a Provisional Highest Council of the Duchy of Warsaw to govern the area through his generals.
The Constitution of the Duchy of Warsaw could be considered liberal for its time. It provided for a bicameral Sejm consisting of a Senate and a Chamber of Deputies. A Council of Ministers functioned as the executive body of the Duchy. Serfdom was abolished and all classes were to be equal before the law.
The House of Izmaylov is a prominent family of Russian high nobility, descended from the boyars of the Grand Duchy of Ryazan. The Izmaylov family was one of the most powerful in the Duchy of Ryazan. The family was listed in the parts 6 ('ancient nobility') of the genealogical books of Moscow, Ryazan and Tambov.
The Treaty of Blois of 22 September 1504 concerned the proposed marriage between Charles of the House of Habsburg, the future Charles V, and Claude of France, daughter of Louis XII and Anne of Brittany. If the King Louis XII were to die without producing a male heir, Charles of the House of Habsburg would receive as dowry the Duchy of Milan, Genoa and its dependencies, the Duchy of Brittany, the counties of Asti and Blois, the Duchy of Burgundy, the Viceroyalty of Auxonne, Auxerrois, Mâconnais and Bar-sur- Seine.
In the Duchy of Courland and Semigallia, a stable political system was established on the basis of the 1561 treaty, and only in 1617 this was modified by the Formula regiminis and Statuta Curlandiæ, which granted the indigenous nobles additional rights at the duke's expense.Dybaś (2006), p. 110 The situation north of the Daugava was quite different. On 25 December 1566, the Union of Grodno established a real union between the Duchy of Livonia the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Livonia's administrative division was re-organized with its castellans becoming members of the Lithuanian senate.
It was a progenitor of the future Trakai Voivodeship. The last Duke of Lithuania () was Vytautas the Great, who, as a result of the 1392 Astrava Treaty, received the Duchy from Jogaila, who, in turn, had inherited it from his father Algirdas. Since 1397, the Duchy had had the status of an Eldership, comparable to that of the Eldership of Samogitia. After the administrative reform of 1413 by Vytautas, based on the Union of Horodło, the Duchy ceased to exist, becoming a part of the newly established Vilnius Voivodeship.
The village was first mentioned in 1273. It became a seat of a Catholic parish as it was mentioned in the register of Peter's Pence payment among Catholic parishes of Oświęcim deaconry of the Diocese of Kraków as Bestwina. Politically it belonged initially to the Duchy of Opole and Racibórz and the Castellany of Oświęcim, which was in 1315 formed in the process of feudal fragmentation of Poland into the Duchy of Oświęcim, ruled by a local branch of Silesian Piast dynasty. In 1327 the duchy became a fee of the Kingdom of Bohemia.
From the 9th century there was a Duchy of Hamaland, the rulers of which owned large parts of the middle, east and north of what is now the Netherlands. The same family also owned a large part of German Münsterland and more southerly estates, probably around Nassau. When the ruling Counts died out Hamaland became one of the core areas of the Dukes of Guelders, and thus became part of the Duchy of Guelders. Other lineages of the Hama-family became prominent in the Duchy of Cleve and the Bishoprics of Utrecht and Münster.
Minsk Voivodeship (, , ) was a unit of administrative division and local government in Grand Duchy of Lithuania since 1566Stanisław Kutrzeba: Historia ustroju Polski w zarysie, Tom drugi: Litwa. Lwów i Warszawa: 1921, s. 88. and later in Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, until the partitions of the Commonwealth in 1793. Centred on the city of Minsk and subordinate to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, the region continued the traditions – and shared the borders – of several previously existing units of administrative division, notably a separate Duchy of Minsk, annexed by Lithuania in the 13th century.
The first settlement in the area arose in 12th century and was destroyed around the year 1400. In parallel evolved a village Bielsko, that later was a ground for the foundation of town Bielsko by the first prince of the Duchy of Teschen, Mieszko. The village was later first mentioned in a written document as Alte Belicz (pl. Stare Bielsko) in 1452. In 1572 it was sold together with Bielsko and dozen surrounding villages by dukes of Cieszyn and split from their duchy to form Bielsko state country (since 1754 Duchy of Bielsko).
In this way, Otto reacquired the status of a prince of the Holy Roman Empire that Henry the Lion had lost. However, the Duchy of Saxony, which Henry had held, had since then passed on to Ascanian dukes, so that the emperor had to create a new duchy for Otto. This was the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg, named after the two central cities around which Otto's former properties were located. Otto could substantially increase his territory by supporting King William, who married his daughter Elisabeth in January 1252.
In 1807 the ephemeric Kingdom of Westphalia annexed the duchy, before France annexed it in 1810. In 1813 the duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which – after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 – incorporated the duchy in a real union and the ducal territory, including Lamstedt, became part of the Stade Region, established in 1823. Claus Spreckels (1828–1908), a major industrialist in Hawai'i and in California (Spreckels Sugar Company bears his name) is born in Lamstedt. The Claus-Spreckels-Straße (street) in Lamstedt (Germany) named for Claus Spreckels.
Subsequent Kings of France sought to control Brittany in part because of the attempts of the King of England and the King of Spain to control the Duchy. The independent sovereign nature of the Duchy began to come to an end upon the death of Francis II of Brittany. The Duchy was inherited by his daughter, Anne, but King Charles VIII of France, determined to bring the territory under royal control. Charles VIII had her marriage annulled and then forced her to marry him in a series of actions that were acknowledged by the Pope.
Four years later, Bogusław had to submit to King Canute VI of Denmark. The term Duchy of Slavinia was sometimes used to denote the Griffin Duchy of Pomerania, located at the mouth of the Oder and ruled by the descendants of Duke Wartislaw I from the early 12th century, from the Pomerelian lands in the east under the rule of the Samborides initially as Polish vassals and also called "Duchy of Pomerania" at that time."...A distinction was made between Slavinia, or modern [i.e., 1911] Pomerania, and Pomerellen" .
During the entire period of his reign, Wenceslaus was confronted with the financial difficulties of his Duchy. The lands and property that he had inherited from his father, Duke Bolesław III, came with enormous debts attached. In an effort to manage this debt, Wenceslaus was forced to rent out large portions of his Duchy to neighboring Princes and Bishops, and even ordinary Knights and townspeople. Despite the disastrous financial situation of Legnica, Wenceslaus embarked upon several costly ventures, in an effort to raise the prestige of the Duchy, and himself.
By the Treaty of Kiel, Norway had been ceded by the king of Denmark- Norway to the king of Sweden. This sparked the nationalist movement which led to the establishment of the Kingdom of Norway on May 17, 1814 and the subsequent personal Union with Sweden. Austria gained Lombardy-Venetia in Northern Italy, while much of the rest of North-Central Italy went to Habsburg dynasties (the Grand Duchy of Tuscany, the Duchy of Modena, and the Duchy of Parma). The Papal States were restored to the Pope.
His parents were Duke Nicholas II of Opava and his third wife, Jutta (died: ), daughter of Duke Boleslaw II of Opole-Falkenberg. Nicholas died shortly after Přemek was born, and so Přemek stood under the regency and guardianship of his oldest half-brother John, who was the sole heir of the Duchy of Racibórz. After disputes over their inheritance, the four brothers decided in 1367 to divide the Duchy of Opava. In 1377, a new division was performed, in which John kept the Duchy of Racibórz, and also received the duchies of Krnov and Freudenthal.
Archducal palace in Cieszyn Ferdinand IV ruled Teschen until his death in 1654, whereafter the duchy fell back to Emperor Ferdinand III. His Habsburg successors continued the re- Catholicization policies. In 1722 Emperor Charles VI separated Teschen from the Bohemian Crown and granted the duchy to Duke Leopold of Lorraine, whose son Francis I was to marry Charles's daughter Maria Theresa. Leopold had unsuccessfully claimed his maternal grandmother's rights to the north Italian Duchy of Montferrat, which Charles had taken and given to the Dukes of Savoy in 1708 as part of their alliance pact.
While Louis was staying in Spain, the Duchy of Parma had been occupied by French troops in 1796. Napoleon Bonaparte, who had conquered most of Italy and wanted to gain Spain as an ally against England, proposed to compensate the House of Bourbon for their loss of the Duchy of Parma with the Kingdom of Etruria, a new state that he created from the Grand Duchy of Tuscany. This was agreed upon in the Treaty of Aranjuez. Louis had to receive his investiture from Napoleon in Paris, before taking possession of Etruria.
The village was first mentioned in 1377 in the document which listed its noble owner, Rachnowski z Bulyvycz. Politically the village belonged then to the Duchy of Oświęcim, formed in 1315 in the process of feudal fragmentation of Poland and was ruled by a local branch of Piast dynasty. In 1327 the duchy became a fee of the Kingdom of Bohemia. In 1457 Jan IV of Oświęcim agreed to sell the duchy to the Polish Crown, and in the accompanying document issued on 21 February the village was mentioned as Bulowicze.
The village was first mentioned in 1272 as Raysko in a Latin document when the village was bestowed by Władysław of Opole on Herman Surnagel in order to bring the settlement under German law. It belonged at that time to the Duchy of Opole and Racibórz and the Castellany of Oświęcim. Subsequently during the process of the feudal fragmentation of Poland it was absorbed in 1315 into the Duchy of Oświęcim, ruled by a branch of the Silesian Piast dynasty. In 1327 the duchy became a fee of the Kingdom of Bohemia.
The village was first mentioned in 1313 when a local parish church has been erected. Politically the village belonged then to the Duchy of Oświęcim, formed in 1315 in the process of feudal fragmentation of Poland and was ruled by a local branch of Piast dynasty. In 1327, the duchy became a fee of the Kingdom of Bohemia. In 1457, Jan IV of Oświęcim agreed to sell the duchy to the Polish Crown, and in the accompanying document issued on 21 February the village was mentioned as Nydek.
516 (in Polish) The town developed wealth from development of mining, and, attracting settlers from the west, became a German-speaking town. After Konrad's death in 1274, his heirs again divided the duchy and the castle of Żagań became the residence of his youngest son Przemko of Ścinawa, Duke of Żagań from 1278, who established a monastery of the Augustinian Canons here. Thus the Duchy of Żagań came into the existence. In 1284, he swapped his estates for the Duchy of Ścinawa and was succeeded by his elder brother Konrad II the Hunchback.
From the 13th century, it had a coin mint. In the 13th century Oleśnica was part of the Duchy of Silesia, in 1294 it became part of the Duchy of Głogów and in 1313 it became capital of the Duchy of Oleśnica, just partitioned from Głogów. By that time a hospital already existed in Oleśnica, mentioned in a document from 1307. From 1320/21 the former castellany served as the residence of the Piast duke Konrad I of Oleśnica; his son Duke Konrad II the Gray also inherited Koźle.
Later in the area a village Staremiesto was first mentioned in 1434. Politically the village belonged initially to the Duchy of Teschen, formed in 1290 in the process of feudal fragmentation of Poland and was ruled by a local branch of Piast dynasty. In 1327 the duchy became a fee of Kingdom of Bohemia, which after 1526 became part of the Habsburg Monarchy. In 1573 it was sold as one of 16 villages and the town of Friedeck and formed a state country split from the Duchy of Teschen.
Under Balthasar, the business connections to the Habsburg imperial court also developed. Emperor Frederick III, for the most part residing in Graz, appointed Balthasar the mint master of Graz in the Duchy of Styria, Laibach (today Ljubljana) in the Duchy of Carniola and Sankt Veit an der Glan in the Duchy of Carinthia. This narrow connection with the imperial house and Balthasar's distinctive economic talent led naturally to a substantial increase of the Eggenberger wealth and fortunes. The 15th century was marked by warmongering discussions and threats by Hungarian and Ottoman Turk aspirations.
She died on 17 December 1847. He was faced with the dilemma of whether to accept or refuse the Duchy of Parma. Initially he was tempted to evade the new responsibilities that fell upon his shoulders, but ended up accepting it, so as not to compromise the rights of his son. On 31 December 1847, Charles Louis arrived in Parma and took possession of the throne of his ancestors with the name of Charles (Carlo) II. The Duchy of Lucca was incorporated into the Grand Duchy of Tuscany, while Parma lost Guastalla but acquired Lunigiana.
The village was first mentioned in 1404. Politically the village belonged then to the Duchy of Oświęcim, a fee of the Kingdom of Bohemia. In 1457 Jan IV of Oświęcim agreed to sell the duchy to the Polish Crown, and in the accompanying document issued on 21 February the village was mentioned as Halcznow. The territory of the Duchy of Oświęcim was eventually incorporated into Poland in 1564 and formed Silesian County of Kraków Voivodeship. Upon the First Partition of Poland in 1772 it became part of the Austrian Kingdom of Galicia.
The Napoleon Bonaparte Monument was erected to honor the French emperor Napoleon Bonaparte on the 190th anniversary of his death. Napoleon established the Duchy of Warsaw in 1807 from the Polish lands ceded by the Kingdom of Prussia under the terms of the Treaties of Tilsit. The duchy was held in personal union by one of Napoleon's allies, King Frederick Augustus I of Saxony. Following Napoleon's failed invasion of Russia, the duchy was occupied by Prussian and Russian troops until 1815, when it was formally partitioned between the two countries at the Congress of Vienna.
The Duchy of Silesia (, ) with its capital at Wrocław was a medieval duchy located in the historic Silesian region of Poland. Soon after it was formed under the Piast dynasty in 1138, it fragmented into various Duchies of Silesia. In 1327 the remaining Duchy of Wrocław as well as most other duchies ruled by the Silesian Piasts passed to the Kingdom of Bohemia as Duchies of Silesia. The acquisition was completed, when King Casimir III the Great of Poland renounced his rights to Silesia in the 1335 Treaty of Trentschin.
The Duchy of Württemberg was reinstated after long negotiations resulting in the Peace of Westphalia of 1648, despite or maybe because of the effects of war, poverty, hunger and the Bubonic plague all of which reduced the population from 350,000 in 1618 to 120,000 in 1648. Eberhard III entered into an inheritance agreement with his younger brother Frederick thereby handing over ownership of the Duchy of Württemberg-Neuenstadt and thus establishing a new branch line of the duchy. In 1651, Eberhard came to a similar agreement with another brother, Ulrich affecting the Castle of Neuenbürg.
The Duchy of Pomerania before its incorporation into Sweden in 1637 Stettin was the capital of Pomerania, and one of the reasons that it was selected as the capital was because it was centrally located in the duchy. The duchy itself was divided roughly in two by the Oder. It had been under siege by the Imperialists for some time but the Imperialists – as was common for sieges at the time – had not made significant progress in taking the city. Generals of the time deemed sieges to be difficult and ill- advised.
The Duchy of Carinthia (; ) was a duchy located in southern Austria and parts of northern Slovenia. It was separated from the Duchy of Bavaria in 976, and was the first newly created Imperial State after the original German stem duchies. Carinthia remained a State of the Holy Roman Empire until its dissolution in 1806, though from 1335 it was ruled within the Austrian dominions of the Habsburg dynasty. A constituent part of the Habsburg Monarchy and of the Austrian Empire, it remained a Cisleithanian crown land of Austria- Hungary until 1918.
In 1814, the Imperial Austrian Army occupied Lucca, ending French control with the fall of Napoleon. Under the Congress of Vienna Piombino was given to the Grand Duchy of Tuscany, and Elba to the exiled Napoleon. Lucca was restored to separate state status as the Duchy of Lucca (1815–1847). The Congress of Vienna (1814–1815) gave the Duchy to exiled Spanish Borbón Maria Louisa (1782-1824), who became the Duchess of Lucca and disregarded the constitution imposed on her by the Congress and governed in an absolutist fashion.
Approximate limits of the Duchy of Cantabria Peña Amaya, where the ancient Cantabrian town of Amaya was located. Situated on the southern end of the Duchy, looks like a forward watchtower on the Castilian countryside. The Duchy of Cantabria () was a march created by the Visigoths in northern Spain to watch their border with the Cantabrians and Basques. Its precise extension is unclear in the different periods, but seems likely that it included Cantabria, parts of Northern Castile, La Rioja, and probably western areas of Biscay and Álava.
Such high level of French influence had not yet developed in the Dutch-speaking areas of the Duchy of Brabant, including Brussels. After the death of Joanna, Duchess of Brabant, in 1406, the Duchy of Brabant became a part of the Duchy of Burgundy and the use of the French language slowly increased in the region. In 1477, Burgundian duke Charles the Bold perished in the Battle of Nancy. Through the marriage of his daughter Mary of Burgundy to Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian I, the Low Countries fell under Habsburg sovereignty.
Both duke's wives also supported Protestantism in the duchy. Part of the goods obtained from the Catholic religious orders were transferred to the city hospital in Cieszyn, where he treated the poor. As a young prince Wenceslaus III Adam was educated in the medical science, dealing with the care of patients, which gained special significance during the epidemic of 1570. On 24 June 1573 Wenceslas III Adam issued the called "Land Ordinance of the Duchy of Cieszyn" (Zřízení zemské Knížecství Těšínského) which represented a set of regulations over all the inhabitants of the Duchy.
The Duchy of Kopanica (Principality of Kopanica; ; ) was a Slavonic principality in Central Europe in present-day central and eastern Brandenburg. Its capital was Kopnik (, today part of Berlin). Coat of arms of the Polish branch of the Order of the Holy Sepulchre (Canons Regular of the Holy Sepulchre) established 1163 by Iakša de Kopnik in Kingdom of Poland The Duchy was established as a Christian Duchy in the early 12th century and submitted to the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Gniezno. It was a fief of the Kingdom of Poland in the mid-12th century.
The Duchy of Cornwall () is one of two royal duchies in England, the other being the Duchy of Lancaster. The eldest son of the reigning British monarch inherits possession of the duchy and title of Duke of Cornwall at birth or when his parent succeeds to the throne, but may not sell assets for personal benefit and has limited rights and income as a minor. The current duke is Charles, Prince of Wales. If, and when, the current Prince of Wales accedes to the throne, Prince William will become Duke of Cornwall.
The village was first mentioned in 1388. Politically the village belonged initially to the Duchy of Teschen, formed in 1290 in the process of feudal fragmentation of Poland and was ruled by a local branch of Piast dynasty. In 1327 the duchy became a fee of Kingdom of Bohemia, which after 1526 became part of the Habsburg Monarchy. In 1561 the village (Zbytkow) was bought by a town of Strumień. In years 1573/1577–1594 it belonged to Skoczów- Strumień state country that was split from the Duchy of Teschen but was later purchased back.
It was first mentioned in a written document in 1566 as Braune. Politically the village belonged then to the Duchy of Teschen, a fee of the Kingdom of Bohemia, which after 1526 became part of the Habsburg Monarchy. In 1572 it was sold together with Bielsko and dozen surrounding villages by dukes of Cieszyn and split from their duchy to form Bielsko state country (since 1754 Duchy of Bielsko). After Revolutions of 1848 in the Austrian Empire a modern municipal division was introduced in the re-established Austrian Silesia.
In 1337, the earldom of Cornwall was made into a royal duchy to support the heir to the throne. Centralisation in the reign of Henry VIII meant that Cornwall's distinct status was no longer recognised in royal documents; though unlike the situation for Wales, no legislation was enacted to formalise this. The rights of the Duke of Cornwall still rely on medieval legislation. When no one is duke of Cornwall, the lands and rights of the Duchy are exercised by the Crown since the heir apparent may not always inherit the Duchy.
As noted above, the title knyaz or kniaz became a hereditary noble title in the Grand Duchy of Moscow and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Following the union of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, kniaź became a recognised title in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. By the 1630s – apart from the title pan, which indicated membership of the large szlachta noble class – kniaź was the only hereditary title that was officially recognised and officially used in the Polish- Lithuanian Commonwealth. Notable holders of the title kniaź include Jeremi Wiśniowiecki.
Part I. Page 234, read with pages viii and x. The Duchy of Lancaster Act 1812 was repealed, excepting so far as any powers, provisions, matters or things related to or affected the Duchy of Lancaster or any of the hereditaments, possessions or property within the ordering and survey of the Duchy of Lancaster, by section 1 of the Crown Lands Act 1829 (10 Geo 4 c 50).The Statutes of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, 10 George IV. 1829. Printed by His Majesty's Statute and Law Printers. London. 1829.
At the time of is birth, Przemysł II was the nominal ruler of the Duchy of Poznań. The guardianship of the Duchy, probably alongside with his mother Elisabeth,However, it did not encompass the proper Governorship of the Duchy of Poznań, contenting herself with the direct rule over only her dower land, the village of Modrze. T. Jurek: Elżbieta [in:] Piastowie Leksykon Biograficzny, edited by S. Szczura and K. Ożóga, Kraków 1999, p. 414. was taken by his uncle Duke Bolesław the Pious and his wife, the Hungarian princess Jolenta (Helena).
In 1823, his father succeeded as Duke of Oldenburg after the death of his cousin William, Duke of Oldenburg and Augustus became Heir apparent. Although Oldenburg, like many other German duchies, had been elevated from a mere duchy to a grand duchy in 1815 at the Congress of Vienna, his father chose to continue the use of the lesser title of Duke, making Augustus the Hereditary Prince rather than the Hereditary Grand Duke of Oldenburg.Oakes, p. 57. As Hereditary Prince, he participated extensively in the government of the duchy.
In 1648 the Prince-Archbishopric was transformed into the Duchy of Bremen, which was first ruled in personal union by the Swedish Crown. In November 1654, after the Second Bremian War, Bremen had to cede Bederkesa and Lehe (a part of today's Bremerhaven) to the Duchy of Bremen. After the Danish occupation (1712–1715) the Duchy of Bremen became a fief to the House of Hanover. In the 18th century the seigniory was abolished in favour of freehold land property, thus the family von der Lieth and the peasants turned into independent farmers.
In 1807 the ephemeric Kingdom of Westphalia annexed the Duchy, before France annexed it in 1810. In 1813 the Duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which – after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 – incorporated the Duchy in a real union and the Ducal territory, including Elmlohe, became part of the new Stade Region, established in 1823. On the occasion of the 700th anniversary of Elmlohe's foundation the municipality published a book on its history: "Elmlohe – ein Dorf im Wandel des Zeit 1308–2008".
Before it was a march, it had been a principality or duchy ruled by native-born Slavic (or semi-Slavic) princes at first independently and then under Bavarian and subsequently Frankish suzerainty. The realm was divided into counties which, after the succession of the Carinthian duke to the East Frankish throne, were united in the hands of a single authority. When the march of Carinthia was raised into a Duchy in 976, a new Carinthian march (that is, a march defending the Carinthian duchy) was created. It became the later March of Styria.
The location of Luxembourg An enlargeable map of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Luxembourg: Luxembourg - small sovereign country located in Western Europe, bordered by Belgium, France, and Germany. Luxembourg has a population of half a million people in an area of approximately 2,586 square kilometres (999 sq mi).The Grand Duchy of Luxembourg Luxembourg is a parliamentary representative democracy with a constitutional monarchy, ruled by a Grand Duke. It is the world's only remaining sovereign Grand Duchy.
13 The barony (La Calandri -in Catalan sources- or Talantum in Western sources) was a part of the Aragonese Duchy of Athens and one of the four major ports of the Duchy, that was based in Talanti (La Calandri). In 1311, the Duchy of Athens had fallen into the hands of Catalan mercenaries of the Catalan Company after the victorious Battle of Halmyros. In 1380, the Navarrese Company made raids against the Catalans of Atalanti. In 1385, the area of Phthiotis fell into the hands of the Serbs, except for Atalanti.
The creation of the village was a part of a larger settlement campaign taking place in the late 13th century on the territory of what will be later known as Upper Silesia. Politically the village belonged initially to the Duchy of Teschen, formed in 1290 in the process of feudal fragmentation of Poland and was ruled by a local branch of Piast dynasty. In 1327 the duchy became a fee of Kingdom of Bohemia, which after 1526 became part of the Habsburg Monarchy. After the 1540s Protestant Reformation prevailed in the Duchy of Teschen.
Sigismund Augustus King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania incorporates fiefdoms, Duchies of Courland and Semigalia into the Crown in 1569 The Duchy of Courland and Semigallia (; ; ; ; ) was a duchy in the Baltic region, in what was then known as Livonia, that existed from 1561 to 1569 as a nominally vassal state of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and subsequently made part of the Crown of the Polish Kingdom from 1569 to 1726Volumina Legum, t. II, Petersburg 1859, p. 106 and incorporated into the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth in 1726.Volumina Legum, t.
It also gave the duchy some protection during the turmoil of the Napoleonic Wars. Though at first an ally of Prussia in the Napoleonic War of the Fourth Coalition, Duke Charles Augustus escaped his deposition by joining the Confederation of the Rhine on 15 December 1806. After the official merger in 1809, the Duchy of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach consisted of the separate districts around the capital Weimar in the north and Eisenach in the west. Thanks to their Russian connection, the duchy gained substantially from the Congress of Vienna in 1815.
108; via Google Books; retrieved May 21, 2017"The Calm Before the Storm" Yanks: The Epic Story of the American Army in World War I by John Eisenhower; The Free Press (2001), p. 98; via Google Books; retrieved May 21, 2017 Until 1766, Domrémy was part of the Duchy of Bar (within a section of the duchy which owed fealty to the Crown of France although the other half of the duchy was part of the Holy Roman Empire)."Chapter II" Joan of Arc by Francis Cabot Lowell; Houghton Mifflin Company (1896), p.
The Grand Duke of Lithuania also held the title of Duke of Samogitia, although the actual ruler of the province, responsible to the Duke, was known as the General Elder (Seniūnas) of Samogitia. The Duchy was located in the western part of the present Republic of Lithuania. Historically, in the west it had access to the Baltic Sea; in the north, it bordered the Duchy of Courland and Ducal Prussia in the south. During the Middle Ages and until the last partition in 1795, Samogitia had clearly defined borders as the Duchy of Samogitia.
From his father-in-law's estate, Albert received the territory of Teschen in Austrian Silesia and was accordingly given the title of Duke of Teschen. Since he became a member of the Habsburg-Lorraine family, the title of Archduke was also given to him. The Silesian Duchy of Teschen had been inherited by Emperor Francis through his father's Gonzaga ancestry, as compensation for the lost Duchy of Montferrat, taken from them in favor of the dukes of Savoy. Archduchess Maria Christina, the daughter of Francis of Lorraine, received the duchy among her dowry.
The Duchy of Limburg or Limbourg was an imperial estate of the Holy Roman Empire. Its chief town was Limbourg-sur-Vesdre, is today located within the Belgian province of Liège, with a small part in the neighbouring province of Belgian Limburg, within the east of Voeren. The Duchy evolved from a county which was first assembled under the lordship of a junior member of the House of Ardenne-Luxembourg, Frederick. He and his successors built and apparently named the fortified town which the county, and later the Duchy, were named after.
During the Livonian War, Livonia was invaded by the Russian army of Tsar Ivan IV. After the defeat in the Battle of Ergeme in 1560, the weakened Livonian Order was dissolved and the Duchy of Livonia and Duchy of Courland and Semigallia were ceded to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania according to the Treaty of Vilnius (1561). Russia then launched a campaign against Lithuania, capturing Polotsk in February 1563 and threatening further invasion against Vilnius, the capital city. The Lithuanians attempted to negotiate a truce, but the talks failed in November 1563.
It is at this point that she took the opportunity to tour the Duchy, visiting many places she had never been able to see as a child. Officially it was a pilgrimage to the Breton shrines, but in reality it was a political journey and an act of independence that sought to assert her sovereignty over the Duchy. From June to September 1505, she made triumphal entries into the cities of the Duchy, where her vassals received her sumptuously. In addition, she ensured the proper collection of taxes.
Politically the village belonged initially to the Duchy of Teschen, formed in 1290 in the process of feudal fragmentation of Poland and was ruled by a local branch of Piast dynasty. In 1327 the duchy became a fee of Kingdom of Bohemia, which after 1526 became part of the Habsburg Monarchy. In 1573 it was sold as one of 16 villages and the town of Friedeck and formed a state country split from the Duchy of Teschen. After World War I and fall of Austria-Hungary it became a part of Czechoslovakia.
However, as Louis Thomas died only thirteen days later, the couple never met and the marriage was annulled on the grounds of it never having been consummated. In 1741, she married Ercole Rinaldo d'Este, heir to the duchy of Modena and Reggio. The duchy of Massa and the principality of Carrara were then annexed to the Duchy of Modena and Reggio. The Holy Roman Empress Maria Theresa arranged for Maria Beatrice, Duchess Maria Theresa's daughter and only surviving child, to marry the empress' fourth son Archduke Ferdinand of Austria in Milan on 15 October 1771.
Napoleon issuing the Constitution of the Duchy of Warsaw by thumb Constitution of the Duchy of Warsaw was promulgated by Napoleon on 22 July 1807 in Dresden. Together with the Napoleonic Code it was a significant reform of the Polish law and government in the new Duchy of Warsaw. The constitution provided for a bicameral Sejm and for a Council of Ministers. The new laws abolished serfdom and legal distinction by social classes (nobility, peasantry, townsfolk) by introducing a principle that all people are equal before the law.
These territories had formed the southern part of the Duchy of Silesia-Wrocław, which Henry V had acquired upon the death of his cousin Duke Henry IV Probus the year before. Henry V, though backed by King Wenceslaus II of Bohemia, was in need for support to retain his Wrocław acquisitions against the claims of rivalling Duke Henry III of Głogów. From 1288 Bolko I had a new residence erected at Książ Castle in the Świdnica lands. For a brief period, his duchy is sometimes known as the Duchy of Jawor- Świdnica.
The statement in the book is sourced to "Kenneth Clarke, Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster in Hansard, Standing Committee G, col 11, 17 November 1987" Lancashire County Palatine shown within England The Duchy exercises some powers and ceremonial duties of the Crown in the historic county of Lancashire, which includes the current Lancashire ceremonial county, Greater Manchester and Merseyside as well as the Furness area of Cumbria. Since the Local Government Act 1972, The Queen in Right of the Duchy appoints the High Sheriffs and Lords Lieutenant in Greater Manchester, Merseyside and Lancashire.
The chief officer is the Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, a position sometimes held by a cabinet minister but always a ministerial post. For at least the last two centuries the estate has been run by a deputy; its chancellor has rarely had any significant duties pertaining to its management but is available as a minister without portfolio. The monarch derives the privy purse from the revenues of the Duchy. The surplus for the year ended 31 March 2015 was £16 million and the Duchy was valued at just over £472 million.
The Estates (Landschaft), the largest political body in the Duchy, were an entity that had existed even before the founding of the Duchy. The prelates were the abbots of the fourteen monasteries of the Duchy, who were generally present at the diets as Ducal appointees after the Reformation. Roughly 30 noblemen, usually Ducal councillors or some other senior officials, also regularly attended. Since the Estates were intended to be the representatives of the Duchy's inhabitants, about 75% of the participants of a Diet were townsfolk, and the peasantry had almost no input.
Francis Stephen, the duke of Lorraine, was given the Grand Duchy of Tuscany in compensation for the loss of Lorraine. The Duchy of Parma went to Austria whereas Charles of Parma took the crowns of Naples and Sicily, resulting in territorial gains for the Bourbons. Poland also surrendered claims to Livonia and direct control over the Duchy of Courland and Semigallia, which, although remaining a Polish fief, was not integrated into Poland proper and came under strong Russian influence which ended with the fall of the Russian Empire in 1917.
The Duchy of the Archipelago (, ), also known as Duchy of Naxos or Duchy of the Aegean, was a maritime state created by Venetian interests in the Cyclades archipelago in the Aegean Sea, in the aftermath of the Fourth Crusade, centered on the islands of Naxos and Paros. It included all the Cyclades (except Mykonos and Tinos). In 1537 it became a tributary of the Ottoman Empire, and was annexed by the Ottomans in 1579; however, Christian rule survived in islands such as Siphnos (conquered by the Ottomans in 1617) and Tinos (conquered in 1715).
A few months later, on 6 January 1810, the Russian government mediated the Treaty of Paris between Sweden and France. Russia would create the Grand Duchy of Finland from the territory obtained from Sweden, and would attach the areas gained from Sweden in the 18th century (including so-called Old Finland) to the new Grand Duchy. The Grand Duchy of Finland was to retain the Gustavian constitution of 1772 with only slight modifications until 1919. Almost all Finnish soldiers in Sweden (most of them in the Umeå area) were repatriated after the war.
428 Politically it belonged then to the Duchy of Opole and Racibórz and the Castellany of Cieszyn, which was in 1290 formed in the process of feudal fragmentation of Poland into the Duchy of Teschen, ruled by a local branch of Silesian Piast dynasty. In 1327 the duchy became a fee of the Kingdom of Bohemia, which after 1526 became a part of the Habsburg Monarchy. During the Middle Ages it was a settlement of agricultural character. Major change came in the 19th century with the coal mining boom.
In 1386 the city of Bremen made the noble family, holding the estates of Altluneburg (a part of today's Schiffdorf), its vassal. In 1648 the Prince-Archbishopric was transformed into the Duchy of Bremen, which was first ruled in personal union by the Swedish Crown. In November 1654, after the Second Bremian War, Bremen had to cede the bailiwicks of Bederkesa and Lehe (a part of today's Bremerhaven), including Schiffdorf, to the Duchy of Bremen. After the Danish occupation (1712–1715) the Duchy became a fief to the House of Hanover.
However, he died in 1602 and the full duchy was inherited by Johann, because his nephews (the sons of his deceased brother) were under age. Johann was more interested in natural sciences and art than politics, and therefore only against his will took over the regency of the duchy on behalf of his nephews. But when they demanded their own inheritance in 1603, he resisted their demands. Finally, Johann and his nephews made a treaty dividing the duchy: Altenburg was taken by the sons of Frederick William I, and Weimar-Jena was retained by Johann.
In 2008 Duchy Originals partnered with the alternative medicine company Nelsons to produce a line of herbal remedies. This led to controversy, in which leading UK scientists said that Duchy Originals promoted its herbal remedies with scientifically unsound claims. Edzard Ernst, the UK's first professor of complementary medicine, said Duchy Originals detox products were "outright quackery".Prince Charles detox 'quackery', BBC News, 10 March 2009 Subsequently, the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency ruled that healing claims were misleading and required the company to amend an advertising campaign promoting two herbal medicines.
The Duchy of Prussia, where Frederick William I was full sovereign by the Brandenburg-Swedish Treaty of Labiau, was accepted by the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth to be the sovereign possession of the House of Hohenzollern.Jähnig (2006), p. 68 archbishop of Ermland (Warmia) Hereditary Hohenzollern sovereignty was only agreed on for the Duchy of Prussia, while Ermland (Ermeland, Warmia) was to be returned to Poland. In case of the extinction of the Brandenburgian Hohenzollern dynasty in the male line, it was agreed that the Prussian duchy should pass on to the Polish crown.
Helena's father lost his Duchy of Oświęcim in 1456 and the rest of his lands in 1482. In 1491 her parents were invested with the Duchy of Karniów by the Bohemian King, because Helena's mother was the last representative of the Ducal line, extinct after the death of Duke Jan IV the Elder in 1483. In 1492 Helena married with Baron George of Schellenberg. One year later (in 1493), Helena's parents were dispossessed from Karniów when the King Władysław II Jagiellon bestowed the Duchy to Baron Johann II, Helena's father-in-law.
In 1421, Bremen acquired also the remaining half in the say of the Bederkesa Knights including their remaining share in the Bederkesa Castle. Bederkesa Castle, since 1381 stronghold of the City of Bremen's possessions within the Duchy of Bremen, in 1654 ceded to the latter. In 1648 the Prince-Archbishopric was transformed into the Duchy of Bremen, which was first ruled in personal union by the Swedish Crown. In November 1654, after the Second Bremian War, Bremen had to cede Bederkesa and Lehe to the Duchy of Bremen ().
Having married Gertrude, the widow of Henry the Proud, he was invested in 1143 with the Duchy of Bavaria, and resigned his office as count palatine. In 1147 he participated in the Second Crusade, and after his return, renounced Bavaria at the instance of the new king Frederick Barbarossa who gave the duchy of Bavaria to Henry the Proud's son, Duke Henry the Lion of Saxony. As compensation for this, Austria, the capital of which had been transferred to Vienna about 1155, was elevated into a duchy according to the Privilegium Minus.
He did not retain that estate as part of his duchy, however, re-selling it in 1662 to Frederick von Ahlefeld.
In 1248, the duchy fell vacant with the extinction of the Andechs- Meranier and was broken up, mostly going to Istria.
Remy's 1697 edition in Latin reads: capitalibus DCCCC plus minus. See also, William Monter, A Bewitched Duchy (2007) p. 70-1.
The Counts of Nevers (later dukes) were the rulers of the County of Nevers, which became a French duchy in 1539.
Although the duchy eventually fell, even today the King of Spain still holds the title of 'Duke of Athens and Neopatria'.
Below is an incomplete list of diplomats from the United Kingdom to the Grand Duchy of Tuscany, specifically Heads of Missions.
81-91, here p. 83. Full sovereignty was a necessary prerequisite for upgrading the Duchy to Kingdom of Prussia in 1701.
Crusino I Sommaripa (died 1462) was lord of the islands of Paros and later Andros in the Duchy of the Archipelago.
The Grand Duchy of Ryazan existed from 1078 when it was separated from the Chernigov Principality as the provincial Murom Principality.
78Mindaugas, the King of Lithuania later the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.Гайба М. Новагародак // Вялікае княства Літоўскае: Энцыклапедыя. У 2 т. / рэд.
There were several castles guarding the lands of the duchy. The most important were those located in Wlen, Gryfow and Lwowek.
81-91, here p. 83. Full sovereignty was a necessary prerequisite for upgrading the Duchy to Kingdom of Prussia in 1701.
After almost 150 years of separation, all the Duchy of Glogów was reunited in 1480 by Duke Jan II the Mad.
Mauro Oddi (1639–c. 1702) was an Italian painter and architect of the Baroque period, active in the Duchy of Parma.
Eventually, Volok Reform, begun in 1557, established full-scale serfdom in the Grand Duchy. Differences between šeimynykštis, kaimynas, and veldamas disappeared.
When the area became incorporated into the Pomerelian duchy, the Swenzones dynasty gained control and gradually evolved to autonomously acting counts.
In 2008 he was promoted to the rank of Chevalier in the Order of Merit of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
The duchy of Bavaria-Straubing was divided between the dukes of Bavaria, the major portion went to Bavaria-Munich in 1429.
After the Restoration of the Monarchy Seymour was re-appointed Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, serving from 1660 until 1664.
Of all the Savoyard towns west of the Alps only Montmélian, in the Duchy of Savoy, remained in the Duke's hands.
William IV of Jülich-Berg (9 January 1455 - 6 September 1511) was the last ruler of the Duchy of Jülich-Berg.
Of the revolt of the mid-year 1266 little is known, but it certainly failed, as the Duchy was not divided.
The edict did not apply to Brittany, and the family was unable to persuade the Duchy of Brittany to enforce it.
Chelcu & Chelcu, p. 153 As a diplomat, Arbore carried out several diplomatic missions in Poland and the Grand Duchy of Moscow.
After the defeat of Prussia by Napoleonic France, the Duchy of Warsaw was created by the Treaty of Tilsit in 1807.
Marie was the link between the House of Montfort of the duchy of Brittany and the ducal House of Valois-Alençon.
Boniface served as regent for the duchy until the arrival of the new Duke, Walter of Brienne, in August/September 1309.
Grand Duchy is an American alternative/electronic/art rock band formed in 2008 by Black Francis and his wife Violet Clark.
Drawing of the original Act I set The Grand Duke is set in the Grand Duchy of Pfennig- Halbpfennig in 1750.
Gardening tools were produced under the Duchy Originals brand by the Lancashire company Caldwells until it went into administration in 2009.
His youngest surviving sons, Hermann and Magnus, were ordained priests. The House of Ascania ruled the Duchy of Anhalt until 1918.
In 2008 he was promoted to the rank of Chevalier in the Order of Merit of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
From 1540 to 1544 he obtained the Duchy of Głogów as a pledge. In 1542 his nephews Joachim, Henry II, John and George of Poděbrady pledged to him their Duchy of Ziębice (Münsterberg), which after Frederick II's death was taken by Ferdinand I of Habsburg. He is one of the figures on the Prussian Homage painting by Jan Matejko.
The town has a primary school. The local secondary school is Gillingham School, Dorset, about away. The present school was opened in 1965 at a new site, on Duchy land, as Duchy Manor Secondary School. Accommodation for younger children was added on the same site in 1992 and in 2004 the whole premises became the primary school.
In 1278 King David VI Narin abolished the duchy during his war against the Mongols. In the mid-14th century, the duchy was restored under the rule of the Charelidze family. The next dynasty of Chkhetidze governed Racha from 1465 to 1769. Vassals of the King of Imereti, they revolted several times against the royal power.
In 1813 the Duchy was restored to the Electorate of Hanover, which - after its upgrade to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814 - incorporated the duchy in a real union and the ducal territory, including Hollern and Twielenfleth, became part of the Stade Region, established in 1823. Since 1976 the township Twielenfleth exists, which advocates to keep the town's name.
During this time, he was responsible for implementing the Counter-reformation in the Liechtenstein dominions. During the ongoing Thirty Years' War, the Protestant side took control of the Duchy of Opava. After Wallenstein had reconquered Opava for the Catholic side, Maximilian was tasked with enforcing Catholicism in the duchy. Maximilian and his wife gave numerous donaties to various monasteries.
His parents were Duke Wenceslaus II of Opava and Głubczyce and Elisabeth of Kravař. After his father's death (between 1445 and 1447) John I and his younger brother John II "the Pious" jointly inherited the Duchy of Głubczyce and one third of the Duchy of Opava. John I died unmarried and childless in 1454. His brother inherited his possessions.
Isabel de Madariaga, Russia in the Age of Catherine the Great, Sterling Publishing Company, Inc., 2002, , Google Print, p.446. In 1807, the victorious Napoleon formed the Duchy of Warsaw after his War of the Fourth Coalition against Prussia and Russia. The new Duchy was held in personal union by King Frederick Augustus I of Saxony.
The duchies of Franconia and Swabia, on the other hand, disintegrated and correspond only vaguely to the contemporary regions of Swabia and Franconia. The Merovingian duchy of Thuringia did not become a stem duchy of the Holy Roman Empire but was demoted to landgraviate within Saxony in 908, and the modern state of Thuringia was established in 1920.
It is important that the crowned eagle meant priority over the eagle (e.g. Upper Silesia, Lower Silesia), which could not be crowned. In European heraldry, the crowned eagle is a state eagle and means sovereignty. The eagle on the contemporary flag of the Duchy of Teschen (also Duchy of Cieszyn) is a direct representation of the 16th century versionI.
The village of Strelitz was first mentioned in 1278. It grew to a small town in the following centuries. In the 17th century Strelitz was a part of the duchy of Mecklenburg-Güstrow, which ceased to exist after the death of the last duke in 1695. Afterwards the new duchy of Mecklenburg-Strelitz was established (1701).
This branch inherited the Duchy of Mantua from the senior Gonzaga line (when it became extinct in 1627) and ruled Mantua until 1708, when the branch died out in the male line. Charles IV Gonzaga sold the duchies of Nevers and Rethel in 1659 to Cardinal Mazarin. His family held the duchy of Nevers until the French Revolution.
United States Board on Geographic Names – Lithuania – Deltuva. Accessed January 26, 2014. In the 12–13th centuries Deltuva was a center of a tribal duchy, which embraced the modern lands of Deltuva, Ukmergė, Kavarskas, Anykščiai, Kurkliai, Utena, Molėtai, Dubingiai, Giedraičiai, Videniškės, Balninkai and Šešuoliai. The Duchy of Deltuva was first mentioned in 1219 in Lithuania's treaty with Halych-Volhynia.
Two-thirds of the District of Römhild went to Saxe- Meiningen. Saxe-Hildburghausen got the rest – the winery of Behrungen, the estate of Milz and the Echter properties. With the rearrangement of the Ernestine duchies in 1826, all the territories of the former Duchy of Saxe- Römhild were solely concentrated in the Duchy of Saxe-Meiningen.
He attempted to gain admittance to the King's council in 1774, but failed. Louis Stanislas was left in a political limbo that he called "a gap of 12 years in my political life".Mansel, 16 Louis XVI granted Louis Stanislas revenues from the Duchy of Alençon in December 1774. The duchy was given to enhance Louis Stanislas' prestige.
BBC, dated 23 June 2009. and tax breaks. During 2015 Republic launched a campaign and petition Take Back the Duchy to abolish the Duchy of Cornwall and transfer its land and assets to the Crown Estate. In December 2015 a freedom of information request by Republic revealed that Prince Charles had routine access to confidential government papers.
From the year's 843 signing of the Treaty of Verdun, the location of the present commune fell within the territory of Middle Francia. Between 925–1542, it was part of the Duchy of Lorraine, within the Holy Roman Empire. From 1542-1766 it was in the independent Duchy of Lorraine. Between 1766-1871 it was incorporated into France.
Their attacks in Gascony may have helped the political disintegration of the Duchy until their defeat against William II Sánchez of Gascony in 982. In turn, the weakened ethnic polity known as Duchy of Wasconia/Wascones, unable to get round the general spread of feudalization, gave way to a myriad of counties founded by Gascon lords.
281 – 282. Believing the treaty would not remain in force, Elizabeth obtained in 1729 France's permission to install 6,000 Spanish troops in Parma. France further agreed to repudiate the Holy Roman Emperor Charles VI's claim of suzerainty over the duchy. An incensed Charles VI responded by stationing 40,000 soldiers in his Duchy of Milan, north of Parma.
When George succeeded his father on 6 November 1816, he found the grand duchy in a bad state. He set about raising the standard of education of his subjects by building schools. By the end of his reign, the majority of his subjects could read and write. He also improved agriculture in the grand duchy and abolished serfdom.
Weilburg thus became one of the most fully preserved examples of a small German residence town from the time of absolutism. From 1806, the town was the governmental seat of the newly created Duchy of Nassau. Only in 1816 did William, Duke of Nassau move his residence to Biebrich. In 1866, the Duchy of Nassau was annexed by Prussia.
The House of Marcoartu was started by Guillermo de Marcoartu (b. ? - d. 1040). He was the son of the Duchy of Gascony (Duchy of Gascony) who was granted the castle and lands of Marcoartu in the Basque Country, Spain. Guillermo I took the name Guillermo de Marcoartu in accordance with proper naming traditions upon being granted a landed title.
Norwich, J. J., A History of Venice, pp. 42-43Bertolini, Margherita Giuliana, Candiano, Pietro, Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani - Volume 17 (1974) Pepin's attempt to invade the duchy of Venetia led the Carolingian and the Byzantine empires to agree the Peace of Aachen in 812, which was ratified in 814. In this the duchy of Venetia remained under the Byzantines.
The 12th Podolian Uhlan Regiment is rooted in the Duchy of Warsaw. On June 8, 1809, the 5th Galician-French Cavalry Regiment was formed by Colonel Gabriel Rzyszczewski. Soon afterwards, it was renamed the 12th Uhlan Regiment. During the November Uprising of 1830-31, the regiment was re-formed by the rebels in former Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
John II, Duke of Troppau (also known as John "the Pious" of Leobschütz, John of Głubczyce, or ; – ) was a Duke of Silesia from the Opava branch of the Přemyslid dynasty. He was co-ruler of the Duchy of Opava from 1445/1457 to 1464 and of the Duchy of Głubczyce from 1445/1457 until his death.
Princess Louise of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg, (born 9 March 1756 in Roda, Duchy of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg; died 1 January 1808 at Schloss Ludwigslust in Ludwigslust, Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin) was Duchess consort of Mecklenburg-Schwerin through her marriage to Frederick Francis I, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg, Louise was also a member of the House of Mecklenburg.
The Frankish kings divided their empire into Gaue (roughly “shires”), and each Gau was headed by a Gaugraf, or Gau count. Several Gaue would be united into a province or a duchy. The village of Reichweiler lay right at the borders of two duchies and four Gaue. It belonged to the Nahegau in the Duchy of Franconia.
Researches count 374 books published in Grand Duchy of Lithuania, or written by citizens of GDL and published abroad in 15th-16th centuries. Although the first printing press was established in Grand Duchy of Lithuania in 1522, in Vilnius, the first who established a printing press in a City of London in 1480 was Lithuanian John Lettou.
Philipp Knipschildt was born in Treisbach (Waldeck), the son of Melchior Knipschildt and Catharina née Lefart. From c. 1604 he attended school at Medebach in the Duchy of Westphalia; as a Protestant, he moved to Sachsenhausen in the Duchy of Waldeck in 1606. He spent several years in Wildungen and Korbach before enrolling at the Soest Archigymnasium.
After the Mongols took Chernigov, the Principality of Bryansk was formed. In 1356 Bryansk territory was under the authority of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. The Great Duchy of Moscow conquered Bryansk following the Battle of Vedrosha in 1503. The town was turned into a fortress which played a major role during the Time of Troubles of 1598–1613.
Mark Ormrod, Edward III, (Yale University Press, 2011), 417 Margaret was widowed and had no issue by him. King John II of France then claimed the Duchy of Burgundy for the kingdom of France. In 1364, Philip the Bold, King John's youngest son, was granted the duchy,Richard Vaughan, Philip the Bold: The Formation of the Burgundian State, Vol.
Carl Ewald was born October 15, 1856 in Bredelykke by Gram in the Duchy of Schleswig (present-day Denmark). He was named after and he had twelve siblings. His father, was an author. He was educated at the University of Copenhagen, where his family had moved to after the Duchy of Schleswig fell to the German Confederation in 1864.
Alfonso IV, called the Kind (also the Gentle or the Nice, ) (2 November 1299 – 24 January 1336) was the King of Aragon and Count of Barcelona (as Alfonso III) from 1327 to his death. His reign saw the incorporation of the County of Urgell, Duchy of Athens, and Duchy of Neopatria into the Crown of Aragon.
Mother and son both claimed on several occasions the throne of France, and later the Duchy of Burgundy. Of the daughters of Philip V and Joan II of Burgundy, the elder two had surviving issue. Joan III, Countess of Burgundy (1308–1349), married Odo IV, Duke of Burgundy (1295–1350), uniting the Duchy and County of Burgundy.
After the Russian victory in the Finnish War in 1809, Sweden ceded all its territory in Finland to Russia by the Treaty of Fredrikshamn. As part of Russian Empire Finland became to constitute a separate grand duchy. In 1812 Russia made the territories of Vyborg Governorate part of the new Grand Duchy of Finland as Viipuri Province.
The Commonwealth retained the eastern part of the Duchy of Livonia, thereafter called Inflanty Voivodeship in Polish. Courland was also involved in this war, but did not suffer severe damage. Under the next duke, Jacob Kettler, the Duchy reached the peak of its prosperity. During his travels in Western Europe, Jacob became the eager proponent of mercantilist ideas.
Because the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg could only be inherited through the male Nassau line under the terms of the house-treaty of the House of Nassau, it went to William's 17th cousin once removed (and incidentally Emma's uncle on her mother's side), Adolphe, Duke of Nassau. His branch of the House of Nassau still governs the Grand Duchy.
The major transport centers were Weimar and Eisenach. Many banks opened branch offices here. In 1895, there were 23 branch offices of savings banks in the Grand Duchy, and they were managing deposits totalling approximately 40 million Reichsmark. The Grand Duchy was part of the Thuringian Toll Union, except for the exclaves Ostheim, Oldisleben, and Allstedt.
He briefly represented Ilchester in 1624, before handing the seat over to his brother-in-law, Edmund Waller and sitting again for Christchurch. Tomkins was appointed clerk to the duchy of Cornwall Council in 1625. But when he returned to the duchy borough of St. Mawes he preferred to sit for Christchurch on 11 July 1625.
Philip Bertie (Auditor of the Duchy of Cornwall, who married Lady Elizabeth Brabazon, eldest daughter of William Brabazon, 3rd Earl of Meath), Hon. Norris Bertie (a Lt. of the Royal Navy), and Hon. Albemarle Bertie (MP who also served as Auditor of the Duchy of Cornwall. Among his sisters were Lady Jane Bertie (wife of Maj.-Gen.
The Duchy of Parma is a noble estate and title created in Italy in 1545. Originally a title of the Farnese family, in 1731, the Duchy passed to the Habsburgs and in 1748 to the Bourbons. The title is now held by the Bourbon- Parma branch of the Bourbon family, related to both the Spanish and Dutch monarchs.
The Grand Duchy of Tuscany (; ) was a central Italian monarchy that existed, with interruptions, from 1569 to 1859, replacing the Republic of Florence.Strathern, Paul: The Medici: Godfathers of the Renaissance, Vintage books, London, 2003, , pp. 315–321 The grand duchy's capital was Florence. In the 19th century the population of the Grand Duchy was about 1,815,000 inhabitants.
Adalbert was eventually forced to flee to Burgundy, where he died at Autun. His widow remarried to Otto-Henry, Duke of Burgundy and her son by Adalbert, Otto William, inherited the duchy of Burgundy. Henry I of France confiscated the duchy, leaving only a small portion around Dole to Otto. This was the kernel of the later Free County.
The ensuing warfare devastated the duchy. By the end of the year, Banér was appointed general governor of the whole duchy. Though Brandenburg prepared a military re-capture throughout 1639–1641, she made no actual progress.Heitz (1995), pp.227-228 Neither did attempts of Sweden and the Pomeranian nobility to re- establish a civilian government succeed.
Map of Jahołdajewszczyzna Jagoldai (Tatar Turkic: Cağolday, Cağalday, , ) (pronounce: yah-gohl-DAI or jah-ghahl-DAY) - little Tatar Turkic tyumen (duchy) in today Kursk Oblast and Belgorod Oblast of Russia as well as the Sloboda Ukraine, vassal of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in 15th-16th century. It was founded in 1438 by Tatars of Golden Horde.
The Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, who is the equivalent of the chairman of the trustees, has for the past several centuries always been a Government minister, although this is not a requirement.House of Commons Disqualification Act 1975 c. 24, Schedule 2Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster - Glossary page - UK Parliament . Parliament.uk (21 April 2010).
Bateson, p.44 With such episcopal approval, his promotion was swift. From 1566 to 1580 he was Attorney-General of the Duchy of Lancaster 1566–80, a post of great power and patronage, especially in the north-west of England, although the duchy had land and employees all over the country. He became an ecclesiastical commissioner in 1572.
With the death of Francis I, the antipathy of Diane de Poitiers compelled Jean to retreat to Brittany, where he had been appointed governor in 1543; she also obtained his duchy of Étampes. After the death of Henry II of France and the fall of Diane, he was able to regain the duchy, but died not long thereafter.
From 1480, it was united to the imperial Duchy of Lorraine. Both imperial Bar and Lorraine came under the influence of France in 1735, with Bar ceded to the deposed king of Poland, Stanisław Leszczyński. According to the Treaty of Vienna (1738), the duchy would pass to the French crown upon Stanisław's death, which occurred in 1766.
After the death of the emperor in 1106, his son and successor, Henry V, who had been in rebellion, decided to avenge himself on his father's partisans. Duke Henry of Lower Lorraine was imprisoned and his duchy confiscated and given to Godfrey. After Henry escaped from prison, he tried to retake his duchy and captured Aachen, but ultimately failed.
Henry III had been at war with Denmark since 1408 over the Duchy of Schleswig. Henry III claimed it as a hereditary fief; the Danish Margaret I and later Eric VII, wanted the duchy for themselves. In 1413, the regency ended. Henry IV, together with his younger brothers Adolf VIII and Gerhard VII, continued the war with Denmark.
Grand Chancellor Mikołaj Radziwiłł, written in Ruthenian. Grand Chancellor of Lithuania Lew Sapieha. Under his supervision the Lithuanian Metrica was reorganized. The Lithuanian Metrica or the Metrica of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (, , , or Metryka Wielkiego Księstwa Litewskiego; , ) is a collection of the 14–18th century legal documents of the Chancellery of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (GDL).
Administrative division of the Duchy of Warsaw, 1810–1815. Kalisz Department is light green in the south-west. Dziennik Departamentu Kaliskiego, 1813 Kalisz Department () was a unit of administrative division and local government in Polish Duchy of Warsaw in years 1807–1815. Its capital city was Kalisz, and the area was further subdivided onto 13 powiats.
The government also had the intention of creating a monetary union with Luxembourg's new economic partner. This partner's currency would be legal tender in the Grand Duchy. The question of currency occupied a central place in the negotiations which led to the Belgium–Luxembourg Economic Union. In 1921, the Grand Duchy borrowed 175 million Belgian francs.
In 1803, church rule ended and Löningen belonged to the Duchy of Oldenburg. From 1810 to 1813 Löningen belonged to the Arrondissement Quakenbrück. After the battle of Leipzig, Löningen returned to Oldenburg.Jansen: Löningen in Vergangenheit und Gegenwart, 1998, S. 35 ff In 1814 the Duchy of Oldenburg was divided into 25 offices, one of which became Löningen.

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