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"corrugation" Definitions
  1. the act of corrugating
  2. a ridge or groove of a surface that has been corrugated
"corrugation" Antonyms

62 Sentences With "corrugation"

How to use corrugation in a sentence? Find typical usage patterns (collocations)/phrases/context for "corrugation" and check conjugation/comparative form for "corrugation". Mastering all the usages of "corrugation" from sentence examples published by news publications.

Lines are not going to be crisp and even, every corrugation catches any drip, so it's almost a bit more forgiving.
The roads up the stunning forested mountains that once thundered with the extraction of coal now lie quiet, cracked to the point of corrugation.
" Gibson's future seemed already to have aged: the counterfeit young are "marked by a certain telltale corrugation at the knuckles, something the surgeons were unable to erase.
As clever as any classic modernist's manipulation of found materials, here Kornegay used the vertical stripes created by the corrugation to suggest the folds in a long robe, literally giving them tangible form.
Preventive rail grinding is done before any signs of rail corrugation development. Rail corrugation will develop exponentially if the first signs of rail corrugation are not ground or serviced. Preventive grinding removes the deformation from friction and the chemical breakdown of the tracks. Regular rail grinding is the primary maintenance operation used to combat roaring rail or short-pitched rail corrugation.
The loud and uncomfortable vibration caused by rail corrugation on transit systems affects both transit system passengers and local communities where the railroads intersect. Short-pitch corrugation creates significantly more noise than normal railroad track friction, with a tone of about 500 to 800 hertz. Short-pitch corrugation is most commonly seen on railroads that do not experience regular rail grinding maintenance or that are rarely used. Rail support stiffness directly correlates with short-pitch corrugation.
Rail corrugation is represented in wavelength. Typically, heavily corrugated rails experience a concave deformation on the top of the railroad track in 20 mm to 200 mm intervals. Significant rail corrugation can decrease the service life of tracks and make the replacement of the affected track necessary. Rail corrugation is caused by the friction between the rail and the train wheels tangentially, vertically, and axially.
Today the corrugation process is carried out using the process of roll forming. This modern process is highly automated to achieve high productivity and low costs associated with labour. In the corrugation process sheet metal is pulled off huge rolls and through rolling dies that form the corrugation. After the sheet metal passes through the rollers it is automatically sheared off at a desired length.
Rail corrugation is frequently the subject of community noise complaints. Often, vibrations of the corrugated track will become progressively worse, generating more friction and metal on metal contact. Roaring rail corrugation is a common reason for noise complaints in urban and suburban communities and is most prevalent when trains travel at moderate speed. It is often called short-pitch corrugation and is responsible for the majority of community reaction.
The dynamic properties of different lines of the track can lead to varied degrees of rail corrugation through the use of high-speed wheel sets. In a study of high-speed railroad tracks, four types of tracks were studied for their tendency to develop corrugation (RHEDA 200, AFTRAV, STEDEF, and high performance ballasted track) and of the four considered the ballasted track was the one least prone to rail corrugation with the AFTRAV track being the second most reliable as well.
Wear corrugation is a result of friction on the lower rail, which comes in contact with the train wheel. Excessive corrugation can be identified by the wavelength found on the higher, or outer, rail. Rail corrugation may be limited or lessened with the use of heat treated or alloyed rails, as opposed to the traditional carbon composite rail. The estimated tendency for wear is calculated by taking into account fluctuations in track and wheel set contact which causes the amount of wear to vary.
Rail grinding operations occur periodically in order to prevent rail corrugation from occurring. Rail grinding cars can be taken down freight lines that traverse long distances in the same direction if the freight railway is used continually Rail corrugation, the carbon growth of the rail which is increased by friction, grows exponentially.
Rail corrugation or roaring rails is a type of track wear that develops from track and train wheel set contact over time. Once this process has started, it will begin to grow exponentially worse as time progresses. The wear that develops due to the wheel set contact between railways takes its form in the many troughs and crests it leaves behind over time, which may or may not develop into rail corrugation, depending on the circumstances. Rails that are heavily used and put under continual and constant wear will develop rail corrugation.
Repetitive corrugation and straightening (RCS) is a severe plastic deformation technique used to process sheet metals. In RCS, a sheet is pressed between two corrugated dies followed by pressing between two flat dies. RCS has gained wide popularity to produce fine grained sheet metals. Endeavors to improve this technique lead to introduce Repetitive Corrugation and Straightening by Rolling (RCSR), a novel SPD method.
As a result, the wheels must slip along the rails. # This slippage causes the wheel and track to wear and become uneven (corrugated). # This corrugation causes more noise and corrugation, not only in the original location but elsewhere in the system. In 2015, after replacing and grinding down (smoothing) of rail in the tube, BART reported a reduction of noise there and positive feedback from riders.
The design is still used to this day by some bottlers. Most modern-day two- liter bottles are one piece of PET (polyethylene terephthalate) with a base that is molded with a radial corrugation to provide strength for the bottom and the ability to stand upright. Most early two-liters had a separate opaque base glued to the hemispherical bottom of the clear PET flask. This base had a coaxial corrugation and drain holes.
The absence of calcium in blood causes muscle corrugation, which results in kinks. The patients were treated with calcium and this treatment gave positive results (as was the case with some poisoned students in Podujevo).
It is generally accepted that a few distinct causes lie behind different wavelengths of railroad corrugation. Stuart Grassie, John Edwards, James Shepherd. July 2007. Roaring rails an enigma largely explained, International Railway JournalAmerican Railway Engineering Association.
Much of BART is under ground and curvy, even in the Transbay Tube, and has much higher peak operating speeds than many other systems in the country. Train noise on curves is caused by the wheels slipping along the rails. This slippage also causes noise and surface damage called corrugation. The process by which the noise and corrugation occur is: # Pairs of wheels are attached to one another with an axle such that they must have the same rotational speed, but on a curve the distances the outer and inner wheels travel are different.
Drama from the Rim: Asian Pacific Drama Book. Drama Victoria. Melbourne. 2009. (p9). Corrugation Road concerns mental health, abuse, sexuality and religion, treated with humor and optimism. Both musicals played a significant role in the development and direction of Indigenous performance.
The Arago spot is very sensitive to small-scale deviations from the ideal circular cross-section. This means that a small amount of surface roughness of the circular object can completely cancel out the bright spot. This is shown in the following three diagrams which are simulations of the Arago spot from a 4 mm diameter disc (g = b = 1 m): 200px 200px 200px The simulation includes a regular sinusoidal corrugation of the circular shape of amplitude 10 μm, 50 μm and 100 μm, respectively. Note, that the 100 μm edge corrugation almost completely removes the central bright spot.
Corrugated stainless steel tubing (CSST) is tubing made of stainless steel with corrugation on the inside or outside. CSST is not FAC (Flexible Appliance Connector) tubing. Presently, CSST and FAC tubing both use corrugated stainless steel tubing. In the past, FAC used corrugated brass tubing.
Corrugation Road is an Australian musical set in a mental hospital, about an Aboriginal schizophrenic patient. It was written by Jimmy Chi, his band Kuckles and friends, the creators of Bran Nue Dae. It is based on Chi's own experiences at Perth's Graylands Hospital.
Vessels are generally wheel-thrown, and show cordons (strips of clay added around the pot), 'corrugation', and zones of combed or 'furrowed' decoration. Shapes may be angular or rounded, often with pedestal or foot-ring bases. The use of grog temper was extensive, though not universal.
The length of the crystal edges are given as follows: a = 0.547 nm, b = 0.724 nm, and c = 1.55 nm. The monoclinic angle, α, is equal to 113.5°. The bands formed by PEA have been said to resemble corrugation, much like a butterfly wing or Pollia fruit skin.
He added rum and vanilla to his dough. It is likely that its current shape comes from the similarity (in French) of the word wave with the word "cannelure" (fluting, corrugation, striations). The modern name "canelé" is of recent origin. The Guide Gourmand de la France does not mention it.
They disbanded late in 1982. The band co-created Chi's musicals, Bran Nue Dae and Corrugation Road. Along with Alan and Philip, Pigram was a founding member of Scrap Metal, a rock, country and reggae band in 1983. Together they toured nationally and released four albums before breaking up in 1995.
Eucalyptus rugulata was first formally described in 2002 by Dean Nicolle in the journal Nuytsia from material collected east of Verley in 2000. The specific epithet (rugulata) is from the Latin word rugula meaning "wrinkle" or "corrugation", referring to the distinctly wrinkled dried fruit, but also the rugged habitat where this species grows.
This method, while less frequently utilized, is critical to the theoretical understanding of the effect of surface roughness. Moreover, simple isolated surface defects such as a groove, a slit or a corrugation on an otherwise planar surface provides a mechanism by which free- space radiation and SPs can exchange energy and hence couple.
They returned to Broome later that year and disbanded. Kuckles songs later appeared in Chi's musicals Bran Nue Dae and Corrugation Road with Kuckles appearing as part of the music. Chi and Manolis later played were part of a new band called Bingurr which is moonlight in Bardi. Pigram played with Scrap Metal and The Pigram Brothers.
Washboarding or corrugation is the formation of periodic, transverse ripples in the surface of gravel and dirt roads. Washboarding occurs in dry, granular road material with repeated traffic, traveling at speeds above . Washboarding creates an uncomfortable ride for the occupants of traversing vehicles and hazardous driving conditions for vehicles that travel too fast to maintain traction and control.
Another innovation that Hudson introduced was the use of hydraulic machinery to form pressed steel components. The use of corrugation as part of the pressing process also helped to provide a strong body with thinner gauge steel. This combination provided a competitive advantage that contributed to Hudson's success. Types of wagon produced by Robert Hudson Ltd were many and varied.
It brought acclaim for many Aboriginal artists including Ernie Dingo, Josie Ningali Lawford and Leah Purcell. The musical's success was also instrumental in the formation of the Black Swan Theatre Company. Chi also wrote the musical Corrugation Road, which was first performed by the Black Swan Theatre at the Fairfax Studio in Melbourne in 1996 before an Australian national tour.Eckersley. M.(ed.) 2009.
In some areas of the head and thorax preservation is detailed enough to show the surfaces had a patterning of shallow densely spaced pits. Placement of the genus into Siricidae was based on the modified abdomen tip which forms a cornus. The basal area of the wings shows distinct corrugation running from the leading edge to the rear edge, which is not seen in any other hymenopterans.
The wobbly web effectively "folds" a coned disc wheel into pleats, making it narrower again, but retaining the axial stiffness. This pleated disc is also stiffer against nutating forces. In architecture, similarly, a 'serpentine wall', is strengthened against sideways forces by corrugation, allowing a thinner, lighter, cheaper structure. A wobbly web wheel is a disc wheel with additional shaping, rather than a spoked wheel with merged spokes.
Stephen "Baamba" Albert (1950 – 13 November 2019) was an Indigenous Australian actor and singer. He starred in the musicals Bran Nue Dae and Corrugation Road.ABC TV, George Negus Tonight Interview With Stephen ‘Baamba’ Albert, 11/08/2003 Albert was born in the Western Australian town of Broome. He grew up with his mother, a Bardi woman, and his stepfather, a Japanese man who had worked in Broome's pearling industry.
There are also small, scattered bodies of gabbro and ultramafitite. These are about the same age as the granite and volcanics. It has been found that the construction of the basement was largely created during the final phase of the Trans-Amazonian Orogeny Cycle, about 1.9 billion years ago. This cycle has had a significant influence on the geology of Suriname, characterized by sedimentation, metamorphosis, corrugation and magmatism.
Interior packaging for a tap Molded pulp, also named moulded pulp or molded fibre, is a packaging material, that is typically made from recycled paperboard and/or newsprint. It is used for protective packaging or for food service trays and beverage carriers. Other typical uses are end caps, trays, plates, bowls and clamshell containers. For many applications, molded pulp is less expensive than expanded polystyrene (EPS), vacuumed formed PET and PVC, corrugation, and foams.
Since roughly the beginning of the 1990s, rail network operators have experienced increasing problems with rail surface defects. Head checks, squats, corrugation and slip waves all contribute to higher maintenance costs, intensified noise pollution, traffic obstructions, and ultimately a shortened rail lifespan. These increasingly common flaws are exacerbated by the growing density and speed of both freight and passenger traffic. The direct consequence of these problems is a growing need for rail maintenance.
These lasers were mounted so that the top of the epitaxial structure (rather than the substrate) was in contact with the copper heat sink (typically referred to as an epitaxial side down configuration) in order to achieve optimal heat dissipation. In addition, they were fabricated with corrugated sidewalls. The sidewall corrugation lowers optical losses by ensuring fewer photons are generated in the higher-order optical modes that are more susceptible to optical scattering losses.
The company exhibited its welding expertise at the World's Columbian Exposition in 1893 and again at the St. Louis World's Fair in 1904. By the 1890s, the company had become the nation's sole producer of welded, corrugated boiler furnaces, which were used in both marine and stationary boilers. The advantage of corrugation was that it could provide the same strength as a conventional furnace but with thinner walls, increasing the transfer of heat and thus efficiency.Howell 1896. p. 38.
The two subfamilies are distinguished from each other on the condition of the wing apex. Longitudinal corrugation of the wing apex is seen in Pamphiliinae, while Cephalciinae genera have an irregularly coriaceous wing apex. The described fossil of Ulteramus is missing the majority of the wing apex area, but the small portion that is preserved seems to be smooth. However the placement of the junction between the Subcostal2 and Radius vein distinguishes Ulteramus from all other pamphiliid genera.
1998 Manual for Railway Engineering, AREA, Washington DC. One study indicates that the specific short-wave railroad deformity is mainly caused by pinned-pinned resonance, in which the rail vibrates as a fixed beam, as if pinned between periodically placed sleepers. The dynamic train-track interaction that causes fixed frequency vibrations at high speeds, commonly observed in light load metro operations, and the anti-resonance caused by the pinning of the rails on sleepers, causes deformation and the "roaring" corrugation of the rails.
The second layer thus has much weaker interaction with the substrate and has very similar electronic properties as free-standing graphene. Due to the strong bonding of graphene on the ruthenium surface, only R0 orientation is observed for graphene layer. Although, different studies have shown different lengths for the moiré repeat distance, varying around Graphene(11 x 11) and Ru(10 x 10). The moiré pattern also causes strong corrugation for the graphene layer, peak height being as much as 1.5 Å.
The canonical feature of atom probe data, is its high spatial resolution in the direction through the material, which has been attributed to an ordered evaporation sequence. This data can therefore image near atomically sharp buried interfaces with the associated chemical information. The data obtained from the evaporative process is however not without artefacts that form the physical evaporation or ionisation process. A key feature of the evaporation or field ion images is that the data density is highly inhomogeneous, due to the corrugation of the specimen surface at the atomic scale.
Rail corrugation is a common issue with transit systems due to the high number of light-axle, wheel passages which result in grinding of the wheel/rail interface. Since maintenance may overlap with operations, maintenance windows (nighttime hours, off-peak hours, altering train schedules or routes) must be closely followed. In addition, passenger safety during maintenance work (inter-track fencing, proper storage of materials, track work notices, hazards of equipment near states) must be regarded at all times. At times, maintenance access problems can emerge due to tunnels, elevated structures, and congested cityscapes.
Drying defects are the most common form of degrade in timber, next to natural problems such as knots (Desch and Dinwoodie, 1996). There are two types of drying defects, although some defects involve both causes: # Defects from shrinkage anisotropy, resulting in warping: cupping, bowing, twisting, crooking, spring and diamonding. # Defects from uneven drying, resulting in the rupture of the wood tissue, such as checks (surface, end and internal), end splits, honey-combing and case hardening. Collapse, often shown as corrugation, or so-called washboarding of the wood surface, may also occur (Innes, 1996).
British troops erecting Nissen huts near Bazentin, November 1916 A Nissen hut is made from a sheet of metal bent into half a cylinder and planted in the ground with its axis horizontal. The cross-section is not precisely semi-circular, because the bottom of the hut curves out slightly. The exterior is formed from curved corrugated steel sheets 10 feet 6 inches by 2 feet 2 inches (3.2 × 0.7 m), laid with a two-corrugation lap at the side and a 6-inch (15 cm) overlap at the ends. Three sheets cover the arc of the hut.
Partially dismantled exchanger, with visible plates and gaskets All plate heat exchangers look similar on the outside. The difference lies on the inside, in the details of the plate design and the sealing technologies used. Hence, when evaluating a plate heat exchanger, it is very important not only to explore the details of the product being supplied but also to analyze the level of research and development carried out by the manufacturer and the post-commissioning service and spare parts availability. An important aspect to take into account when evaluating a heat exchanger are the forms of corrugation within the heat exchanger.
Corrugation Road was produced by Perth's Black Swan Theatre and had two successful theatre runs in 1996–1997 and 1998.By Sam Cook (29 April 2006), BLAKistory 101 ArtsHub The musical previewed at the Canberra Theatre from 10 October 1996 during the National Festival of Australian Theatre. It subsequently had its official premiere in Melbourne at the Fairfax Studio, Victorian Arts Centre from 17 October 1996 as part of the Melbourne International Festival of the Arts. The tour then played Perth (Subiaco Theatre Centre) and Adelaide (Playhouse, Adelaide Festival Centre) through late 1996 and early 1997.
The musical won The Age's award for creative excellence at the 1996 Melbourne International Festival of the Arts (shared with the performance art work Urban Dream Capsule). It also won the Deadly for Excellence in Film or Theatrical Score in 1998 for Jimmy Chi, Kuckles and The Pigram Brothers.1998 winners at The Deadlys For the Melbourne season of Corrugation Road, Andrew Ross (Director), Steve Dolan (Set and Costumes), Iain Grandage (Musical Director and Arranger) and Anna Mercer (Choreographer) all received nominations in the music theatre Staging and Musical Direction category of the 1996 Green Room Awards.
The crystal structure for chrisstanleyite has two different polyhedra structures that intersect and support each other, which is the same as jagueite. An AgSe4 (or CuSe4) tetrahedral creates a grooved (100) layer that are grouped in dimers of Ag2Se6, which share four vertices with adjacent dimers. Oriented alternatively above and below the layer are the two remaining vertices for each tetrahedron, resulting in the corrugation of the silver-based layer as well the sharing of Se atoms with Pd polyhedra (Topa et al. 2006). The second framework consists of single coordination squares of Pd1 and paired Pd2 polyhedra, which create a zig-zag composition.
These peaks occur due to parametric excitation of vibrational modes in the walls of the tubes due to the sliding of the inner tube. With the exception of small peaks, that correspond to the speed plateaus, the frictional force remains almost negligible for all sliding velocities until a special sliding velocity. These velocity plateaus correspond to the peaks in the frictional force. The sudden rise in sliding velocity is due to a resonance condition between a frequency that is dependent on the inter-tube corrugation period and particular phonon frequencies of the outer tube which happen to possess a group velocity approximately equal to the sliding velocity.
The induced motion of the shorter nanotube is explained as the reverse of the heat dissipation that occurs in friction wherein the sliding of two objects in contact results in the dissipation of some of the kinetic energy as phononic excitations caused by the interface corrugation. The presence of a thermal gradient in a nanotube causes a net current of phononic excitations traveling from the hotter region to the cooler region. The interaction of these phononic excitations with mobile elements (the carbon atoms in the shorter nanotube) causes the motion of the shorter nanotube. This explains why the shorter nanotube moves towards the cooler electrode.
The formed graphene layer is weakly bounded to the iridium substrate and is located about 3.3 Å above the surface. The graphene layer and the Ir(111) substrate also forms a moiré pattern with period around 25 Å, depending on the orientation of the graphene on Ir(111). There are many different possibilities for the graphene layer orientation, the most common ones being R0 and R30. The graphene layer has also corrugation due to the moiré pattern, with height varying from 0.04 Å to 0.3 Å. Due to the long-range order of these ripples, minigaps in the electronic band-structure (Dirac cone) become visible.
The di mo is applied to the membrane hole (or Mo kong) of the dizi using a special, traditional glue called Ejiao. One of the advantages of ar jiao is that the glue is water-soluble, so that it can be wetted again to re-adjust the di mo. After applying the glue around the mo kong, the di mo is applied, and then adjusted while the glue is still wet so that many creases form in a sequence along the length of the hole. Each crease should be parallel to the one before, crossing the hole horizontally, so that together they form a sort of pleat or corrugation.
Hussain is the Fellow of IEEE, American Physical Society (APS), Institute of Physics (IOP), UK and Institute of Nanotechnology, UK. He serves as an editor in notable journals such as Applied Nanoscience (Springer-Nature) and IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices. He has been awarded the IEEE Electron Devices Society Distinguished Lecturer award for his teaching skills. His research on saliva based power generation, self-destructible electronics, paper skin, smart thermal patch, paper watch, multidimensional IC (MD-IC), corrugation enabled solar cells and decal electronics have garnered widespread international media attention. He has been a leading authority in the field of flexible inorganic electronics, in particular, through the flexible silicon process.
This effect can be best understood using the Fresnel zone concept. The field transmitted by a radial segment that stems from a point on the obstacle edge provides a contribution whose phase is tight to the position of the edge point relative to Fresnel zones. If the variance in the radius of the obstacle are much smaller than the width of Fresnel zone near the edge, the contributions form radial segments are approximately in phase and interfere constructively. However, if random edge corrugation have amplitude comparable to or greater than the width of that adjacent Fresnel zone, the contributions from radial segments are no longer in phase and cancel each other reducing the Arago spot intensity.
This corrugation gives rise to strong electric field gradients in the near-tip zone (on the order of an atomic radii or less from the tip), which during ionisation deflects ions away from the electric field normal. The resultant deflection means that in these regions of high curvature, atomic terraces are belied by a strong anisotropy in the detection density. Where this occurs due to a few atoms on a surface is usually referred to as a "pole", as these are coincident with the crystallographic axes of the specimen (FCC, BCC, HCP) etc. Where the edges of an atomic terrace causes deflection, a low density line is formed and is termed a "zone line".
All stabilizer surfaces were corrugated. Junkers Ju 52 The Ju 52 featured an unusual corrugated duralumin metal skin, which had been pioneered by Junkers during the First World War; the corrugation served to strengthen the whole structure over a smoother approach. The fuselage was of rectangular section with a domed decking, comprising a tubular steel structure that was entirely covered by the corrugated metal skin. A port-side passenger door was placed just aft of the wings; this entrance also acted as a loading hatch for freight, the lower half functioning as a platform to ease cargo movements. The cabin had a dimensional capacity of 590 cubic feet, and was lined with numerous windows stretching forward to the pilots' cockpit.
He was influenced by members of his extended family who had learnt orchestral instruments at the leprosarium near Derby. Initially taking up training as an apprentice diesel mechanic, his professional musical career began in 1968 with the band Broome Beats, which fused Indigenous, Asian, and European musical influences.2009 WA Citizen of the Year Award Finalists His performance career included working for Jimmy Chi in Bran Nue Dae and Corrugation Road, as the sidekick for Mary G,Sydney Morning Herald Snap, cackle and pop by Katrina Lobley, May 28, 2005 appeared in the SBS drama series The CircuitWA Today Broome and the Kimberley become the latest movie set and presented the Bobtales TV series. Albert was also the first chairman of the National Aboriginal Education Committee and was the director of Goolarri Media.
Fairbairn began a series of practical experiments on various tube shapes and enlisted the help of Eaton Hodgkinson "distinguished as the first scientific authority on the strength of iron beams" It became apparent from Fairbairn's experiments that- without special precautions - the failure mode for the tube under load would be buckling of the top plate in compression, the theoretical analysis of which gave Hodgkinson some difficulty. When Stephenson reported to the directors of the railway in February 1846, he attached reports by both Hodgkinson and Fairbairn. From his analysis of the resistance to buckling of tubes with single top plates, Hodgkinson believed that it would require an impracticably thick (and therefore heavy) top plate to make the tubes stiff enough to support their own weight, and advised auxiliary suspension from link chains. However, Fairbairn's experiments had moved on from those covered by Hodgkinson's theory to include designs in which the top plate was stiffened by 'corrugation' (the incorporation of cylindrical tubes).

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