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464 Sentences With "body of knowledge"

How to use body of knowledge in a sentence? Find typical usage patterns (collocations)/phrases/context for "body of knowledge" and check conjugation/comparative form for "body of knowledge". Mastering all the usages of "body of knowledge" from sentence examples published by news publications.

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Science is a body of knowledge that's constantly growing and changing.
There's more to Aboriginal science than an established body of knowledge, according to Walker.
His photos are now part of the collected body of knowledge about black history.
Additionally, they conserve and pass down the body of knowledge upon which civilization rests.
It needs to be built and customized, but it's literally just a vast body of knowledge.
In a separate, 303-page monograph, Libbrecht describes the full body of knowledge about snow crystals.
For something like travel bookings via a chatbot, the body of knowledge you need is not immense.
Like any worker, over the years, I've built up a body of knowledge relevant to my work.
"This is just one little step in what hopefully be some broader body of knowledge," she said.
There's a limited body of knowledge about how traffic noise and pollution affect people who live nearby.
How do you ... but you can't get there unless you have that kind of foundational body of knowledge. Right.
And so they're both the same body of knowledge about you, and both the same machine-learning intelligence about you.
I found, however, it's not a very intuitive way to interact with a body of knowledge, at least for me.
This latest research adds to that body of knowledge, using very valuable data from even before the oil spill occurred.
Instead, we are making a living body of knowledge about service providers by and for people who are building companies.
In the end, Cohen did little on Wednesday to add to the body of knowledge affecting the president's legal jeopardy.
That body of knowledge was enough to attract Y Combinator, which accepted H1 Insight into its latest cohort of companies.
But the results seem promising, and add to the body of knowledge on what could be the next big cancer therapy.
To leave behavioral finance out altogether ignores a substantiated, significant body of knowledge around the very subjects we serve — human beings.
I think with sports, and I would say the same goes with news and world affairs, it takes a body of knowledge.
"I don't really see what this adds to this field or adds to the body of knowledge around kratom," he tells Tonic.
It might be esoteric but it's only esoteric until you do it, because then it's a body of knowledge that's known to you.
Today's philosophy of science is less accessible than Aristotle's natural philosophy chiefly because it systematizes a larger, more technically sophisticated body of knowledge.
Such experiences, in which feelings of confusion and betrayal are resolved through immersion in a once-anathema body of knowledge, are extraordinarily powerful.
"The body of knowledge, the amount of information necessary to win today is just exponentially greater than it was back then," he said.
Reading, understanding, and explaining the Quran would have to rely on the body of knowledge accumulated up until then—the Mu'tazilah period was over.
The dig uncovered an "enormous body of knowledge" about ancient Indian tribes who flourished here three millenniums ago, according to Beth Sutton, a Peabody spokeswoman.
These efforts will, by necessity, include contributions from the private sector for continued advances in expanding the body of knowledge in emerging infectious disease and biotechnology.
But before we can evaluate the real impact of PNAS study on that body of knowledge, we first must understand exactly what the study was saying.
"Rio is not a regular stop on the international sailing circuit, so there's no existing body of knowledge about the winds and the currents," Adams said.
I have literally been doing this for 10 weeks a year for almost 20 years, so I have a body of knowledge on which to draw.
They should air the legislation, longer we should have hearings, we should develop a fact based body of knowledge to understand exactly how it's going to work.
Every company needs to understand their customers better, and it's difficult to get a grip without a body of knowledge, especially when the customer is new to you.
Partnerships with major academic institutions are one way the military could bolster its ability to build a body of knowledge and tap into research capabilities previously not available.
The state adopted the standards six years ago as its version of the Common Core, a body of knowledge that was supposed to unify and improve American education.
Usually, the initiatives had, at their core, one question: Could the growing body of knowledge about the quirks of the human brain be used to improve public policy?
But for anything in financial services, which is the world in which I operate, the barriers and the time it takes to compile this body of knowledge is immense.
Baez said he hoped the study of Hernandez's brain would help add to the body of knowledge about C.T.E. and shed new light on what exactly happened to him.
Similarly, his memory may have also aided his other career as a doctoral researcher in design and technology, he thinks, by helping him to absorb a vast body of knowledge.
Climate scientists and others who oppose the debate idea note that the studies that make up the body of knowledge on climate change already are subject to rigorous peer review.
With time (and a fair amount of money put toward the proper charting software), an astrologer accumulates a vast body of knowledge that's a unique blend of research and personal experience.
In the introduction to his 1987 Cultural Literacy, E.D. Hirsch Jr. laments the loss of a shared American culture — a body of knowledge, from Shakespeare to the Bible, that united Americans.
This last part, the public policy implications, vexes me the most in that it pits conflicting issues within my own historical and legal body of knowledge--- and my core value system.
Multispectral imaging is one of the many tools our Conservation Science team use to non-invasively and non-destructively increase the body of knowledge on collection items for scholars, curators and conservators.
The findings added to the growing body of knowledge about Neanderthals, the closest extinct relative of our species, Homo Sapiens, and further debunked the outdated notion of them as humankind's dimwitted cousins.
" "By following the trail of your curiosity wherever it takes you, you are continually adding to this body of knowledge that helps make us a more secure, more prosperous, and more hopeful society.
Like any responsible parent, I saw Cora's first visit to these parts as a real educational opportunity, and before we left sought a shallow body of knowledge with which to project pretend wisdom.
But cultivating historical consciousness is more than that: It means helping students immerse themselves in a body of knowledge, question assumptions about memory and orient themselves toward current events in a new way.
But school shootings weren't seen as a national crisis in 19703; the dean and the administration hadn't been trained in active-shooter response because that body of knowledge didn't really exist back then.
While Yan challenges the reproduction of colonial order in the arts, Qiu Zhijie and Ai Weiwei resist the West's Orientalizing gaze, which views the East as a body of knowledge to decipher and control.
He hasn't assembled panels of experts to advise him, developed detailed policy programs, shown off a growing body of knowledge about world affairs, consulted with respected former officials, or impressed other Republican Party officeholders.
He served in the House of Representatives as a Republican and conservative and has a body of knowledge and experience that far surpasses any understanding of policy and issues that Trump will ever possess.
Dr. Broecker pioneered techniques using carbon isotopes and other trace elements to map the world's ocean currents; those techniques made their way into an expanding body of knowledge in many other fields, even archaeology.
"This is the first documented case of sexual transmission of Zika from a woman to her sex partner and adds to the growing body of knowledge about the sexual transmission of Zika," the agency said.
"The Project Baseline study has the opportunity to significantly influence our current body of knowledge by better understanding the indicators of wellness," Nancy Brown, chief executive officer of the American Heart Association, said in a statement.
The experiment shown in this video has the robot system demonstrating how this could work in a situation where the robot must accomplish a high-level task using this limited but surprisingly complex body of knowledge.
The schools in our network aren't passively adopting a single model; rather, each of them is contributing to a collective body of knowledge and insight that individual schools can draw upon to more effectively serve their students.
Further attacks, including the ransomware attacks of 2017 and attacks on Ukraine's infrastructure from Russia, among others, have all contributed to a young but growing body of knowledge of how to handle major cyber conflicts in realtime.
Dr. Thurston emphasized the importance of reporting these kinds of symptoms to your midwives or doctors, not just to rule out serious problems, but also to add to the body of knowledge that exists on women's health.
Mr. Obama took the action on national security grounds, after an intelligence review concluded that the technology could be used for "military applications" and help provide an "overall technical body of knowledge and experience" to the Chinese.
The conceit of Orientalism — that the pejorative tropes regurgitated in the art, literature, and history produced by Europeans somehow constitute an unassailably objective body of knowledge — makes the use of "inspired" in the exhibition title rather difficult to accept.
The research, which builds on a body of knowledge from smaller studies, looked at how true acupuncture compared with sham acupuncture in reducing migraine attacks and symptoms in those who have been battling the condition for at least a year.
Libraries are crucially important institutions in a democracy, not merely as repositories for society's accumulated body of knowledge, but more importantly as vital community hubs—at once both symbolic and practical—where the citizenry has open access to that knowledge.
It requires passing along body of knowledge that will allow a human being to exist among other human beings and, while the details change, the story is still the same: we want to ensure our are kids happy, healthy, and smart.
The one officer may have interviewed three or four witnesses and they have the perspective of those three or four witnesses, and then they're trying to contribute what they've heard or what they know into a larger body of knowledge.
But with just seven members it clearly does not have the breadth and depth of expertise to fully and accurately distill the growing body of knowledge about increasingly complex and changing processes that lead to the effects of air pollutants.
The first to win was the Mediterranean diet, in 2010, ("It has given rise to a considerable body of knowledge, songs, maxims, tales and legends"), followed in 2014 by the practice of cultivating Zibibbo wine on the Sicilian island of Pantelleria.
"The national security risk posed by the transaction relates, among other things, to the military applications of the overall technical body of knowledge and experience of Aixtron, a producer and innovator of semiconductor manufacturing equipment and technology," the department said.
Formal education, whether it be engineering or the liberal arts, is supposed to teach you how to think critically, how to analyze systematically and strategically and how to educate yourself efficiently, more than it's supposed to import any particular body of knowledge.
Looking to build up a body of knowledge about the microbiome through consumer microbiome analysis kits that will give customers a snapshot of the microbes living in their gut ,and offer basic recommendations on how changes in diet could improve their overall health.
A box of parts that fit together like Lego and animated with a few lines of code should be enough for any kid to get a body of knowledge so deep that we won't be plunged into a dark pit of ignorance come 2040.
While the research, which published Wednesday in the journal Neurology: Clinical Practice, doesn't conclude whether smartphones cause headaches, it does add to a body of knowledge that questions the health effects of smartphones as we become increasingly more reliant on them to fulfill daily tasks.
This has to do with pervasive sexual incompetence on the basics of female sexual anatomy, the lie that women enjoy sex less than men and the fact that women have been so effectively colonized that they believe a false body of knowledge more than their own bodies.
By looking at objects and archival material, and by interviewing a wide range of indigenous and non-indigenous experts—from makers and artists to hunters and ranchers—Rastatter is developing a novel body of knowledge about a distinctive American craft economy whose story is still unfolding.
"By 5003, Defendants had amassed a compelling body of knowledge, unavailable to the general public and the broader scientific community, about the role of anthropogenic greenhouse gases and specifically those emitted from the normal use of Defendants' fossil fuel product, in causing global warming," according to Rhode Island's complaint.
Programs like ASU's and others at places like Columbia University and New York University have the ability to not only build a body of knowledge, an "urban science," that is needed by the U.S. national security enterprise, but also to continue to grow the urban experts that will inform all of government.
"We were friends online first, sharing our thoughts and feelings through the retweets and reposts of this vast body of knowledge not available anywhere else in our lives, at least not to that level of criticality, and from the range of perspectives that you find in certain communities on Tumblr and Twitter," says Parker of how the collective started.
"If we were able to do more research, towards day 30 or so, we'd have a richer body of knowledge to go on," Matthews told Axios, adding that this topic presents difficult questions that need a national discussion, since a longer research period would need to be balanced by respect and care for the life created in the dish.
Photo: Brandon BartonCarolyn Shores, a wildlife biologist at British Columbia's Ministry of Forests, Lands, and Natural Resource Operations who was not involved with this study, said the finding is a welcome addition to the growing body of knowledge on wolf diets, but she wonders if the scat is conclusively a wolf's, since the poop of big coyotes can be mistaken for wolf feces.
" (This is a characterization I disagree with — child care requires labor, yes, but also skill and a body of knowledge, whether earned by experience, passed down from family members or found in books.) Stack is overwhelmed by her domestic responsibilities; she is exhausted and anxious: "Just thinking about getting any more tired was like sliding slowly and nauseously down the walls of a carnival Gravitron that has just stopped spinning.
The Project Management Body of Knowledge is a set of standard terminology and guidelines (a body of knowledge) for project management. The body of knowledge evolves over time and is presented in A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (the Guide to the PMBOK or the Guide), a book whose sixth edition was released in 2017. The Guide is a document resulting from work overseen by the Project Management Institute (PMI), which offers the CAPM and PMP certifications. Much of the PMBOK Guide is unique to project management such as critical path method and work breakdown structure (WBS).
ETS (École de technologie supérieure) University and UQAM (Université du Québec à Montréal) were mandated by IEEE to develop the Software Engineering Body of Knowledge (SWEBOK), which has become an ISO standard describing the body of knowledge covered by a software engineer.
Professional technical analysis societies have worked on creating a body of knowledge that describes the field of Technical Analysis. A body of knowledge is central to the field as a way of defining how and why technical analysis may work. It can then be used by academia, as well as regulatory bodies, in developing proper research and standards for the field. The CMT Association has published a body of knowledge, which is the structure for the Chartered Market Technician (CMT) exam.
Ron Sullivan. 2007. "Enduring Success, Using the APICS body of knowledge to achieve greater sustainability." APICS magazine. vol.
The Systems Engineering Body of Knowledge (SEBoK), formally known as Guide to the Systems Engineering Body of Knowledge, is a wiki-based collection of key knowledge sources and references for systems engineering.. The Guide is created by the Body of Knowledge and Curriculum to Advance Systems Engineering (BKCASE) that is overseen by a Governing Board composed of three associations (i.e. International Council on Systems Engineering, Systems Engineering Research Center and the IEEE Computer Society). Its most recent version (v.1.9.1) was released on October 16, 2018.
A Guide to the Business Analysis Body of Knowledge (BABOK Guide) is a standard for the practice of business analysis.
"The English word "philosophy" is first attested to c. 1300, meaning "knowledge, body of knowledge." Harper, Douglas. 2020. "philosophy (n.).
The Civil Engineering Body of Knowledge is a body of knowledge, set forth in a proposal by the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) entitled Civil Engineering Body of Knowledge for the 21st century. This proposal seeks to identify and implement improvements to the education and licensure process for civil engineers in the United States of America. The proposal is intended to increase occupational closure by increasing the requirements to become a licensed engineer. Some have identified this joint effort with the Raising the Bar as not necessary.
The foundation formulates and issues opinions, supports education, conducts research and compiles its contributions into the AHIMA BoK (body of knowledge).
The body of knowledge defines twenty-four outcomes that make up the knowledge, skills and attitudes necessary to practice civil engineering. The outcomes are divided into three categories: foundational, technical, and professional, foundation, technical and professional. The body of knowledge uses Bloom's Taxonomy to outline the necessary level of achievement for each of the twenty-four outcomes.
A large body of knowledge has been amassed on how to prevent car crashes, and reduce the severity of those that do occur.
There are two basic operations for making inferences in expert systems using linear belief functions: combination and marginalization. Combination corresponds to the integration of knowledge whereas marginalization corresponds to the coarsening of knowledge. Making an inference involves combining relevant knowledge into a full body of knowledge and then projecting the full body of knowledge to a partial domain, in which an inference question is to be answered.
Julian Talbot (born 1961) is an Australian writer, speaker and consultant on risk management. He is co-author of the book Security Risk Management Body of Knowledge.
The business architecture body of knowledge has been developed and is updated multiple times each year, and the interest from the academic world and from top management is growing.
We are all file clerks. But what a file it is! It contains the world’s body of knowledge.” Encouraged by the Librarian, he entered Columbia University the following fall.
The objective of the Danish Society of Actuaries is to advance the body of knowledge of the actuarial science and to enhance the interest of the Danish actuary profession.
The APM Body of Knowledge defines the breadth of the project, programme and portfolio management profession. It makes up one of the FIVE Dimensions of Professionalism. APM has created a unique online resource that allows its users to contribute to the organic growth of the APM Body of Knowledge. This is a growing resource from the Association for Project Management featuring definitions, discussions, case studies and articles on all areas of projects, programmes and portfolios.
Wideman has been active in the US based Project Management Institute (PMI) since 1974. In the mid-1980s, he led a team of 80 PMI volunteers across North America to document the institute’s project management body of knowledge, known as "The PMBoK" (The Project Management Body of Knowledge). It was approved and published by PMI in 1987. This document has since been upgraded seven times by the distribution of "A Guide to the PMBoK".
Scientific theories are distinguished from hypotheses, which are individual empirically testable conjectures, and from scientific laws, which are descriptive accounts of the way nature behaves under certain conditions. Theories guide the enterprise of finding facts rather than of reaching goals, and are neutral concerning alternatives among values. A theory can be a body of knowledge, which may or may not be associated with particular explanatory models. To theorize is to develop this body of knowledge.
361 Therefore, Orientalism was the ideological justification of early Western imperialism—a body of knowledge and ideas that rationalized social, cultural, political, and economic control of other, non-white peoples.
Articles and books by twenty-first century historians combined with the digitization of primary sources like handwritten letters continue to contribute to an encyclopedic body of knowledge about the Founding Fathers.
A compendium (plural: compendia) is a concise collection of information pertaining to a body of knowledge. A compendium may summarize a larger work. In most cases the body of knowledge will concern a specific field of human interest or endeavour (for example: hydrogeology, logology, ichthyology, phytosociology or myrmecology), while a general encyclopedia can be referred to as a compendium of all human knowledge. The word compendium arrives from the Latin word "compenso", meaning "to weigh together or balance".
With disputes about the nature of mathematics, come questions about the nature of ethnomathematics, and the question of whether ethnomathematics is part of mathematics or not. Barton, who has offered the core of research about ethnomathematics and philosophy, asks whether "ethnomathematics is a precursor, parallel body of knowledge or precolonized body of knowledge" to mathematics and if it is even possible for us to identify all types of mathematics based on a Western-epistemological foundation.(Barton, 1996).
Types of legal evidence include testimony, documentary evidence, and physical evidence.American College of Forensic Examiners Institute. (2016). The Certified Criminal Investigator Body of Knowledge. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. pp. 112–113.
Later, it was adopted by the ASL-BiSL Foundation, founded in 2002.Dutch Article in Computable magazine about the ASL-BiSL Foundation The body of knowledge on BiSL is currently public domain.
AIIM set out to create a certification for information professionals as a means of standardizing on the body of knowledge necessary to be successful in this profession. AIIM worked with industry experts and focus groups to define this body of knowledge and launched a certification and test based on it in 2011. In July 2016, the Certified Information Professional exam was updated to reflect changes in information management technology and behavior. By 2017, more than 1,500 information professionals had earned the CIP.
Impressive breadth of knowledge. Outstanding use of references and fluency of use. Comprehensive. Master’s level work in that it adds to the body of knowledge on the topic. Very strong critical analysis of U2.com.
Moreover, these results add to the body of knowledge suggesting that as perceptual load increases, less resources remain to process items not explicitly focused on, and in turn episodes of inattentional blindness become more frequent.
In 2009 Talbot co- authored the Security Risk Management Body of Knowledge, a large and comprehensive repository of knowledge, including the best practices, recent innovations and evolving research, in the area of security risk management.
The CITP credential holder possesses a breadth of business and technology experience. The CITP Body of Knowledge represents the qualifying areas of technology knowledge for both business experience and lifelong learning. The Body of Knowledge essentially contains the seven areas of services as follows: # Technology Strategic Planning # IT Architecture # Business Process Enablement # System Development, Acquisition, Implementation and Project Management # Information Systems Management # Systems Security, Reliability, Audit and Control # IT Governance and Regulation All CITP professionals should possess a mastery of the following knowledge and skills.
Training on the comprehensive CM body of knowledge comprises 75–90 hours and can be completed in groups, as classroom training, or individually, as self-directed study. A job task analysis performed periodically confirms the knowledge, skills and abilities and forms the basis of the CM body of knowledge. Applicants control the pace of program completion within 15 months. The CM certification is obtained by meeting eligibility requirements and passing three CM exams. Certificants can use the “CM” professional credential after their name, e.g.
To earn the CCBA designation, a business analyst will need to be knowledgeable in all six knowledge area of A Guide to The Business Analysis Body of Knowledge (BABOK Guide) with proficiency in at least two.
This is committee was also charged in 2003 with implementing another ASCE initiative, "Raise the bar". In 2004, the committee recommended changing the policy to reflect the society's belief that the body of knowledge necessary to practice of civil engineering at the professional level includes the "...knowledge, skills, and attitudes necessary to be a licensed professional civil engineer." ASCE accepted those recommendations and in 2004 and modified its policy to state that "the attainment of a body of knowledge for entry into the practice of civil engineering at the professional level" .
Global firms that employ business development professionals in multiple locations who share exactly the same body of knowledge, ethics, practices, and standards benefit from a shared body of knowledge and ethics. These companies are well positioned for growth, as are the societies in which they operate. Professionals who work in international business development (as distinct from domestic, or intra-national efforts) must acquire specific skills relating to the countries where they operate. This includes understanding the economy, history, culture, laws, business practices and trade patterns of the target country.
The generally accepted concepts of Software Engineering as an engineering discipline have been specified in the Guide to the Software Engineering Body of Knowledge (SWEBOK). The SWEBOK has become an internationally accepted standard ISO/IEC TR 19759:2015.
This Chapter serves as a hub to define and improve the body of knowledge for this specialist field, while providing education and collegial support. All Division of Rural Hospital Medicine New Zealand members automatically belong to this Chapter.
He travelled all over Ireland, developing an encyclopedic knowledge of fiddle tunes. He was one of the last of the travelling fiddlers. He had a large body of knowledge of Scottish (especially marches and highlands) music as well.
Engineering Management is a broad field and can cover a wide range of technical and managerial topics. An important resource is the Engineering Management Body of Knowledge (EMBoK). The topics below are representative of typical topics in the field.
It is a body of knowledge that assists in providing culturally appropriate nursing care.Murphy, Sharon C. Mapping the literature of transcultural nursing, TRANSCULTURAL NURSING, Medical Library Association, Health Sciences Library State University of New York, New York, April 2006.
Naudé would add other subject heading in later years but these categories best represented the known body of knowledge in the world. Each section should be divided into subheadings and begin with the principal authors followed by the commentaries.
The Engineer of 2020: Visions of Engineering in the New Century, National Academies of Sciences, Washington, D.C. This vision also recognized an increasing requirement for the application of project management in civil engineering project due to increasing complexity and stakeholder expectations with respect to project delivery. In discussing these future aspirations, the report also acknowledged the past efforts to reform engineering education noting that there had been "...broad changes to the academic prerequisites to professional practice..." where future civil engineers must provide evidence of competency with "...the appropriate body of knowledge through education and experience." The Summit report in conclusion observed that ASCE's civil engineering body of knowledge was now widely accepted and more importantly, would form the basis for establishing the requirements for formal education and pre-licensure experience for civil engineers. The National Society of Professional Engineers (NSPE) issued its Engineering Body of Knowledge (EBOK) in 2013.
As the purpose of the Disaster Medicine Core Competencies was to define the core body of knowledge required to demonstrate proficiency in Disaster Medicine towards physician board certification in the specialty, the Disaster Medicine Core Competency document reflects that bias.
Intraspect applications help professional people collaborate in large distributed communities, continuously contributing to a collective body of knowledge. Gruber has been a member of journal editorial boards of the "Knowledge Acquisition", "IEEE Expert" and "International Journal of Human- Computer Studies".
Intellectual synthesis is a broad term describing scholarly endeavors meant to unify and fuse a large amount of information into a single integrated body of knowledge. Commonly, intellectual synthesis occurs as an interdisciplinary or multidisciplinary academic effort by one or more scholars.
The Minnesota State Knowledge Bowl Meet is an annual, two-day academic quiz competition sponsored by the Minnesota Service Cooperatives, which is Minnesota's governing body of Knowledge Bowl.McCormack, Diane. Knowledge Bowl students must be smart, and quick . Lake Country Echo, January 18, 2007.
A mathematical theory is a mathematical model that is based on axioms. It can also simultaneously be a body of knowledge (e.g., based on known axioms and definitions), and so in this sense can refer to an area of mathematical research within the established framework.
The debate involved many individuals from the health industry, such as physicians and psychologists, as well as legal workers and economists. The socialist government and their policies on the matter were built with a strong influence from a strong body of knowledge on these areas.
Today, the illegal parrot trade continues because it is a low risk, high reward criminal activity. Intervention is problematic because there is a limited body of knowledge regarding the topic, and records kept by government agencies are sparse. A 2006 report by Cantu. et al.
Research on social stress has accumulated a useful body of knowledge, providing perspective on the effects of detrimental social and environmental interaction on the brain. Research and experimentation suffer from many methodological difficulties: usually a lack of ecological validity (similarity with natural conditions and stressors) or are not amenable to scientific investigation (difficult to test and verify). Social psychology approaches to human aggression have developed a multitude of perspectives, based on observations of human phenomena like bullying, mobbing, physical and verbal abuse, relational and indirect aggression, etc. Despite the richness of theories developed, the body of knowledge generated has not satisfied scientific requirements of testability and verifiability.
Becoming a citizen of this society is the process of learning to see race – that is, to ascribe social meanings and qualities to otherwise meaningless biological features. And in turn, race consciousness figures centrally in the building of a collective body of knowledge without which we could not make sense of the world around us – a body of knowledge that Omi and Winant call "racial common sense". That describes the associations we make between individual characteristics, preferences, behaviors, and attitudes and a particular physical appearance or perceived group membership. Race is attributed the assumptions people make in concert with what they value about the person in regards to their appearance.
ASEM is responsible for a number of technical publications associated with the field of Engineering Management. This includes an academic journal (Engineering Management Journal) and practitioner focused publication (Practice Periodical) as well as the Guide to the Engineering Management Body of Knowledge (EMBoK) and Engineering Management Handbook.
In February 2003, prior to formation of the AADM and ABODM, the American Association of Physician Specialists (AAPS) commissioned an expert panel to undertake a scholarly review of the literature and survey the recognized experts in disaster management, emergency management, medical contingency planning, emergency medicine, public health, disaster behavioral health and military medicine to determine if such a unique body of knowledge and skills existed. By February 2004 it was determined that the majority of experts, supported by the available literature, agreed that there is a unique body of core knowledge and skills to define the specialty of Disaster Medicine and a broader body of knowledge needed by all healthcare practitioners responding to a disaster event. From February 2004 through October, 2005 further research was compiled into a body of unique knowledge known as a Core competencies document. By January 2005, it was evident that the National Disaster Life Support Educational Consortium (NDLSEC) and the American Medical Association (AMA) were similarly compiling the body of knowledge needed by all healthcare professionals responding to a disaster.
Project Management Professional (PMP) is an internationally recognized professional designation offered by the Project Management Institute (PMI). As of August 2019, there are 932,720 active PMP certified individuals and 300 chartered chapters across 218 countries and territories worldwide. The exam is based on the PMI Project Management Body of Knowledge.
Park, Robert Ezra. 1950. The Early Sociology of Race and Ethnicity. The Free Press. However, some key currents can be gleaned from this body of knowledge: in the context of the United States, there is a tendency for minorities to be punished in times of economic, political and/or geopolitical crises.
Platinum status is the highest level of quality recognition provided by the ACCA. CamEd is an official CFA University Affiliate partner, incorporating at least 70% of the CFA candidate body of knowledge in the Bachelor of Accounting and Finance (Honours).“University Affiliation Program” [Cambodia] CFA Institute. Retrieved May 13, 2019.
Boston: Pearson Education. to develop a body of knowledge about social order and social change. Sociology can also be defined as the general science of society. While some sociologists conduct research that may be applied directly to social policy and welfare, others focus primarily on refining the theoretical understanding of social processes.
Employers administer job-knowledge tests when applicants must already possess a body of knowledge before being hired.U.S. Office of Personnel Management "Assessment Decision Guide". Retrieved on 2008-08-14. Job-knowledge tests are particularly useful when applicants must have specialized or technical knowledge that can only be acquired through extensive experience or training.
Enterprise systems engineering (ESE) is the discipline that applies systems engineering to the design of an enterprise.R.E. Giachetti (2010). Design of Enterprise Systems: Theory, Architecture, and Methods, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, p. 3 As a discipline, it includes a body of knowledge, principles, and processes tailored to the design of enterprise systems.
With the 5th headmaster, Iso Mataemon dying without designating a successor, the 4th headmaster passed the entire body of knowledge required for full mastery to three Shihans (menkyo kaiden's with impeccable moral character) that were identified and designated as such by the 3rd headmaster (the grandfather of the 5th headmaster), and a fourth as selected by the 4th headmaster to fulfill the "divine scheme" of transferring the school outside of the family lineage. One of these Shihans, Torijiro Yagi, was able to complete and learn the additional teachings provided to them by the 4th headmaster, and as such is the one and only true and complete lineage of Tenjin Shinyo ryu today. Although there exist a number of individuals who received Menkyo Kaiden awards in the art from legitimate headmasters of the past, none of them have the final "keys" to be considered as having received the full transmission. Torajiro Yagi passed the full transmission of the body of knowledge to Fusataro Sakamoto, who in turn passed the full transmission of the body of knowledge to the one and only master of the ryu today, Kubota Toshihiro.
Summarized from the translation of the "Flag Book", the original body of knowledge passed to the three Shihan of the 3rd headmaster and written by Iso Mataemon Masanobu (4th Generation Headmaster). Confirmation of this information was provided by Mr. Kubota in response to a 2nd printing of the "Flag Book", authored by Chiharu Yoshida, the fourth Shihan to receive this body of knowledge and the first to validate its purpose. Moreover, Mr. Kubota speaks of this and other pertinent matters regarding the ryu in Nippon Jujutsu – Japan Book of Formal Military Ways, chapter 5. As the leading active teacher is Toshihiro Kubota whose legitimacy in preserving the teachings of his teacher Sakamoto Fusataro is supported by senior exponents of other ko-ryū.
Aesthetics and Design. The Geographic Information Science & Technology Body of Knowledge (1st Quarter 2019 Edition), John P. Wilson (Ed.). DOI: 10.22224/gistbok/2019.4.14 Consequently, products such as Google Maps have undergone multiple major revisions to their design to make them not only more accurate and more useful, but more attractive, and thus more competitive.
The Knowledge Base is the CMT Association's repository of key Technical Analysis information. Primarily designed around the CMT Association Body of Knowledge, it consists of major 'domains,' which break down Technical Analysis content into easy-to-navigate sections. The Knowledge Base is also home to various Technical Analysis blogs, updated weekly with new content.
This body of knowledge was fully articulated only in the 14th century, at which point it was concerned with reconciling Sunnah (traditions) with the foundations of the Galenic humoral theory that was prevalent at the time in the medical institutions of the Islamicate world. It is nonetheless a tradition with continued modern-day currency.
Project Management Research: Asia-Pacific Perspectives, 2016. p. 226 From 1998 to 1992 Stetton chaired the Standards Committee of the Project Management Institute (PMI),The PM Net Work, Volume 9. 1995. p. 59 which developed the Project Management Body of Knowledge, first published by the PMI in 1996. Stretto co-authored parts of it.
The origin of stakeholder engagement can be traced back to the 1930s. But it's only in 1963 that the Stanford Research Institute defined the concept of stakeholder. In 1984, Edward Freeman’s book Strategic Management: A Stakeholder Approach was published. It brought to existence a complete body of knowledge surrounding the ethical management of stakeholders.
TSP has been adapted to work with other types of knowledge work, including systems engineering and services. Mapping TSP to CMMI practices was documented in 2010, and piloted as an alternative path to implement CMMI process improvement. A body of knowledge (BOK) was issued in 2010. The coach mentor program guidebook was released in 2010.
In a project network, a dependency is a link amongst a project's terminal elements. The A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide) does not define the term dependency, but refers for this term to a logical relationship, which in turn is defined as dependency between two activities, or between an activity and a milestone.
A project post-mortem is a process, usually performed at the conclusion of a project, to determine and analyze elements of the project that were successful or unsuccessful. The Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK) refers to the process as lessons learned.Lessons Learned on the website of the Center for Disease Control, read 3. September 2015.
Strathclyde Business School offers several postgraduate programmes recognised by the CFA Institute for including a significant portion of the CFA Program Candidate Body of Knowledge (CBOK) and the Code of Ethics and Standards of Professional Conduct. The programmes recognised are the MSc Finance, MSc International Accounting and Finance, MSc Investment and Finance and the MSc International Banking and Finance.
Collective memory has been conceptualized in several ways and proposed to have certain attributes. For instance, collective memory can refer to a shared body of knowledge (e.g., memory of a nation's past leaders or presidents); the image, narrative, values and ideas of a social group; or the continuous process by which collective memories of events change.
With Rogers's leadership, NYU became one of the first universities to treat nursing as a science with a distinct body of knowledge developed through research. Rogers's groundbreaking model for the Science of Unitary Human Beings provided a theoretical basis for nursing practice, education, and research. One 4 3/4 in. disc, 24 minutes; sound, color with black and white.
The word mycology comes from the Greek: μύκης (mukēs), meaning "fungus" and the suffix (-logia), meaning "study". The Middle Ages saw little advancement in the body of knowledge about fungi. However, the invention of the printing press allowed authors to dispel superstitions and misconceptions about the fungi that had been perpetuated by the classical authors.Ainsworth, p. 13.
The Information Management Body of Knowledge (IMBOK) is a management framework that organizes the concept of Information Management in the full context of business and organizational strategy, management and operations. It is specifically intended to provide researchers and practicing managers with a tool that makes clear the conjunction of the worlds of information technology and the world at large.
This includes overall event design, brand building, marketing and communication strategy, audio-visual production, script writing, logistics, budgeting, negotiation, and client service. Due to the complexities involved, the extensive body of knowledge required, and the rapidly changing environment, event management is frequently cited as one of the most stressful career paths, in line next to emergency responders and surgeons.
The Marketing Research Institute International (MRII) is a non-profit institute affiliated with the University of Georgia and devoted to fulfilling the continuing educational needs of people worldwide in the marketing research profession. It begins this via Principles of Market Research for the core body of knowledge, from which it forms the basis of marketing research.
For Frye, this kind of coherent, critical integrity involves claiming a body of knowledge for criticism that, while independent of literature, is yet constrained by it: "If criticism exists," he declares, "it must be an examination of literature in terms of a conceptual framework derivable from an inductive survey of the literary field" itself (Anatomy 7).
A guide to a project management body of knowledge (4th. ed.). The Project Management Institute. Newton Square, PA: PMI Publications. p.140 An example would be scheduling the start of a 2-week activity dependent with the finish of the successor activity with a lead of 2 weeks so they will finish at the same time.
The Institute has created a "body of knowledge for mergers and acquisitions" designed as a foundation for educational programs and curricula. Its International Mergers & Acquisitions (IM&A;) designation is conferred upon members after completion of an education program designed for M&A; professionals. IMAA is an active contributor to provide information on mergers and acquisitions in various industries and countries.
TOC was initiated by Goldratt, who until his recent death was still the main driving force behind the development and practice of TOC. There is a network of individuals and small companies loosely coupled as practitioners around the world. TOC is sometimes referred to as "constraint management". TOC is a large body of knowledge with a strong guiding philosophy of growth.
In project management, scope is the defined features and functions of a product, or the scope of work needed to finish a project. Scope involves getting information required to start a project, and the features the product would have that would meet its stakeholders requirements.A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide) - Fourth Edition. Project Management Institute, 2008.
Macroscope is an integrated set of methods aimed at enterprise IT activities.Macroscope Overview, Fujitsu. Macroscope was developed and is maintained by Fujitsu in Canada. It is primarily used as their core body of knowledge to support the consulting services that they provide to their clients and is also licensed as a commercial product to a number of their clients Macroscope presentation, Fujitsu.
Banking education follows the transmission model of education. This model views education as a specific body of knowledge that is transmitted from the teacher to the student. It emphasizes teacher-centric learning where students are passive absorbers of information and that the purpose of learning is memorization of facts. The transmission model is most often used in university settings as lectures.
Healthcare is a culturally diverse environment and nurses have to expect that they will care for patients from many different cultures and ethniv backgrounds. Cultural backgrounds affect people's perceptions of life and health. The goal of the nurse is to develop a body of knowledge that allows them to provide culturally specific care. This begins with an open mind and accepting attitude.
She was the recipient of the H. H. Bloomer medal in 2012. The award from the Linnean Society of London acknowledged her contribution to natural history, in particular, the body of knowledge of whitebeams in Britain, and the flora of Avon Gorge in Bristol, England. In 2018, she was recipient of the Marsh Botany Award, in recognition of lifetime achievement in the field.
The Modeling and Simulation Body of Knowledge (M&S; BoK) is the domain of knowledge (information) and capability (competency) that identifies the modeling and simulation community of practice and the M&S; profession, industry, and market. The M&S; BoK Index is a set of pointers providing handles so that subject information content can be denoted, identified, accessed, and manipulated.
PMHUB is a free (not for profit) virtual community of professional project managers who recognise the Project Management Institute's Project Management Body of Knowledge (or briefly PMBOK) project management standard. Whilst a number of the members have already earned their PMP (Project Management Professional) certification the majority of the community consists of those who aspire to become PMP or CAPM-certified.
Management Development Research Foundation (MDRF) is a public trust that promotes research on issues revolving around inter-disciplinary interface of management, social sciences and public policy. MDRF aims to foster opportunities for young scholars for public discourse, create a body of knowledge, and disseminate research. MDRF organizes conferences and publishes journals. MDRF has organized three national conferences on Human Resource Management since 2010.
PMI did not deal with the US Federal Government directly; a number of members were federal employees in agencies involved with project management. In the 1980s, efforts were made to standardize project management procedures and approaches. The PMI produced the first Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK) in 1996. In the late 1990s Virgil R. Carter became president of the PMI.
Death education is education about death that focuses on the human and emotional aspects of death. Though it may include teaching on the biological aspects of death, teaching about coping with grief is a primary focus. Death education is formally known as thanatology. Thanatology stems from the Greek word thanatos, meaning death, and ology meaning a science or organized body of knowledge.
Ethnographic research in preschools has also contributed to the body of knowledge related to gender policing. This research has suggested that teachers give their students gendered instructions about what to do with their bodies. Across several schools, teachers gave boys explicit bodily instructions more frequently than girls, indicating that boys' bodies are policed more often than girls'.Martin, K. 1998.
The orbiters continued imaging and performing other scientific operations from orbit while the landers deployed instruments on the surface. The project cost roughly US$1 billion in 1970s dollars, equivalent to about billion USD in dollars. The mission was considered successful and is credited with helping to form most of the body of knowledge about Mars through the late 1990s and early 2000s.
Prologue to Book XI, Introductory Volume, page 46. He compared its body of knowledge to that needed by a physician to cure the "patient" suffering from idolatry. He had three overarching goals for his research: #To describe and explain ancient Indigenous religion, beliefs, practices, deities. This was to help friars and others understand this "idolatrous" religion in order to evangelize the Aztecs.
A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (4th Edition) ANSI/PMI 99-001-2008 With slight rewording it became the definition in ISO Guide 73. :“Uncertainty of outcome”. This definition was adopted by the UK Cabinet Office (2002) to encourage innovation to improve public services. It allowed “risk” to describe either “positive opportunity or negative threat of actions and events”. :“Human interaction with uncertainty”.
There has been a number of reasons for that. The body of knowledge has been in a state of development since 1990. Nonetheless, a definition is needed to be able to operationalize the concepts and principles contained in the philosophy. It is insightful to study the change of definition over time as that represents the evolution and advancement in the state of knowledge about Lean Construction.
The scope of the VG is centered on producer price indices (PPIs) for services, turnover by products, and classifications. The Voorburg Group has contributed over the years to building up and sharing a considerable and growing body of knowledge of Service Sector Statistics. It has prompted international cooperation in the development of standards and has assisted in resolving statistical and measurement challenges in the Service Sector.
Date's most recent reflections can be found on the Web at Date (1999), The Database Relational Model (2001) and Date on RM/T (2003). RM/T contributed to the body of knowledge called semantic data modeling and semantic object modeling and continues to influence new data modellers. See the paper by Hammer and McLeod (1981), the book by Knoenke (2001) and implementation by Grabczewski et alia (2004).
The submerged town was long one of the biggest targets for underwater archaeology. Scientists were divided in their opinions about the exact location of Helike. Numerous archaeologists, historians, professors and explorers wrote, studied and actively searched, trying to discover any trace of the ancient town, with little success. But their work, essays, observations and studies contributed to an important and growing body of knowledge.
Kleiner, 1996. NTL began publishing The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science in 1965 and it remains a renowned publication contributing a body of knowledge to the field that increases understanding of change processes and outcomes. The NTL Institute continues to work in the field of organization development. The original center in Bethel, Maine continues to operate, but the organization has moved its headquarters to Silver Spring, Maryland.
CamEd bases its curriculum on the educational requirements of the International Federation of Accountants (IFAC) and the CFA institute candidate body of knowledge. Courses are taught in English language and teach International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), International Financial Reporting Standards for Small and Medium Sized Entities (IFRS for SMEs), and International Standards of Auditing (ISAs).“BA+CAT Program”.CamEd Business School,Retrieved May 13, 2019.
Modal expressions come in different categories called flavors. Flavors differ in how the possibilities they discuss relate to reality. For instance, an expression like "might" is said to have epistemic flavor, since it discusses possibilities compatible with some body of knowledge. An expression like "obligatory" is said to have deontic flavor, since it discusses possibilities which are required given the laws or norms obeyed in reality.
Enterprise engineering is defined as the body of knowledge, principles, and practices to design all or part of an enterprise.R.E. Giachetti (2010). Design of Enterprise Systems: Theory, Methods, and Architecture. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL. An enterprise is a complex, socio-technical system that comprises interdependent resources of people, information, and technology that must interact with each other and their environment in support of a common mission.
Key dates: 1520-1600 Artists of the Early Renaissance and the High Renaissance developed their characteristic styles from the observation of nature and the formulation of a pictorial science. When Mannerism matured after 1520(The year Raphael died), all the representational problems had been solved. A body of knowledge was there to be learned. Instead of nature as their teacher, Mannerist artists took art.
E-language encompasses all other notions of what a language is, such as a body of knowledge or behavioural habits shared by a community. Thus E-language is not a coherent concept by itself,Chomsky, Noam (2001). "Derivation by Phase." In other words, in algebraic terms, and the I-language is the actual function, whereas the E-language is the extension of this function.
The wall is believed to have been constructed in the late 19th century and has characteristic British origins, with its approximate width consistent with English walls. There is the possibility that the drystone wall may be associated with John Melton Black's private residence on Melton Hill c. 1867; it has the potential to extend the current body of knowledge about this early civic leader.
Count Ignazio Alessandro Cozio di Salabue (1755–1840) was an Italian count known as the first great connoisseur and collector of violins. A trove of correspondence and memoirs on the history of violinmaking known as the Carteggio forms the basis of his biography.Rosengard, p. 108 Cozio's meticulous notes on nearly every instrument that passed through his hands contributed enormously to the body of knowledge surrounding Italian violinmaking.
A certification covering PSP is offered by the SEI at Carnegie Mellon University. The steps to becoming an SEI-Certified PSP Developer are: learn the PSP; take the certification exam; maintain credentials. The PSP Developer examination is based on concepts found in the PSP Body of Knowledge. Freely downloadable Special Report CMU/SEI-2009-SR-018, 2009 The SEI maintains an FAQ on certification.
The profession is trying to define its boundary and content. The Software Engineering Body of Knowledge SWEBOK has been tabled as an ISO standard during 2006 (ISO/IEC TR 19759). In 2006, Money Magazine and Salary.com rated software engineering as the best job in America in terms of growth, pay, stress levels, flexibility in hours and working environment, creativity, and how easy it is to enter and advance in the field.
Two funds were created to honor and remember Scott White. These two funds, The Scott R. White Aerospace Engineering Professorship and The Scott R. White Aerospace Engineering Visionary Scholarship are respectively dedicated to advancing the body of knowledge and research in the field of autonomous materials and supporting undergraduate research. More information on these funds can be obtained via the University of Illinois Department of Aerospace Engineering - Giving.
The Brights movement is a social movement whose members since 2003 refer to themselves as Brights and have a worldview of philosophical naturalism. Most Brights believe that public policies should be based on science (a body of knowledge obtained and tested by use of the scientific method). Brights are likely to oppose the practice of basing public policies on supernatural doctrines. Brights may therefore be described as secularists.
The inclusion of sections on "Conceptual Framework" and "Evaluation" in the 1992 volume is evidence of emphasis on standards and a set body of knowledge. The absence of similar sections in the 2002 volume is evidence of a shift toward a pragmatic philosophical and a constructivist teaching theory. The inclusion of a section on "related arts" in the 2002 volume recalls the research of the late 1960s and 1970s.
Yoruba culture consists of the folk/cultural philosophy, the autochthonous religion and folktales. They are embodied in Ifa-Ife Divination, known as the tripartite Book of Enlightenment or the Body of Knowledge in Yorubaland and in Diaspora. Other components of the Book of Knowledge or the Book of Enlightenment are psychology, sociology, mathematics, cosmogony, cosmology, and other areas of human interests. Yoruba cultural thought is a witness of two epochs.
The simulation starts – i.e., the computer calculates the results of those conditions on the mathematical model – and outputs results in a format that is either machine- or human-readable, depending upon the implementation. The use of M&S; within engineering is well recognized. Simulation technology belongs to the tool set of engineers of all application domains and has been included in the body of knowledge of engineering management.
Access is a magazine that focuses on health and practice news, professional issues, and legislative developments. The Journal of Dental Hygiene is the refereed, scientific publication of the American Dental Hygienists’ Association. It promotes the publication of original research related to the practice and education of dental hygiene. It supports the development and dissemination of a dental hygiene body of knowledge through scientific inquiry in basic, applied, and clinical research.
An increasing body of knowledge has been collected concerning the corresponding mechanisms in the brain.Tiitinen, H., May, P., Reinikainen K. & Näätänen, R. (1994). Attentive novelty detection in humans is governed by pre-attentive sensory memory, Nature, 372, pp. 90–92.Duncan, K., Ketz, N., Inati, S.J., Davachi, L. (2012). Evidence for area CA1 as a match/mismatch detector: A high-resolution fMRI study of the human hippocampus, Hippocampus, 22(3), pp.
This visualization via DSM allows the Lean Body of Knowledge to be applied to office and information intensive flows. The DSM method was applied as a framework for analyzing the propagation of rework in product development processes, and the related problem of convergence (or divergence) using the theory of linear dynamical systems.Smith R, Eppinger S (1997) “Identifying controlling features of engineering design iteration.” Management Science 43(3):276–293.
Anderson wrote that the book "continues to expand our notions of black intellectualism" and "adds to the body of knowledge on black internationalism by extending its reach."Anderson, p. 2. Chris Dixon of University of Queensland concluded that the book "is a fine study of international reformism and radicalism." He added that while the author has strong political opinions, the book remains high quality and is not affected by the beliefs.
Rhetoric was not so much a body of knowledge (though it required a command of references to the literary canonPeachin, pp. 104–105.) as it was a mode of expression and decorum that distinguished those who held social power.Peachin, pp. 103, 106. The ancient model of rhetorical training—"restraint, coolness under pressure, modesty, and good humour"Peachin, p. 110.—endured into the 18th century as a Western educational ideal.Peachin, p. 107.
Mainstream theories (sometimes referred to as central theories) are the body of knowledge of both factual and scientific views and possess a usual scientific quality of the tests of repeatability, consistency with existing well-established science and experimentation. There do exist mainstream theories that are generally accepted theories based solely upon their effects explaining a wide variety of data, although the detection, explanation, and possible composition are subjects of debate.
This area of medical research is studied by gender-based medicine. The study of female reproduction and reproductive organs is called gynaecology. The issue of women's health has been taken up by many feminists, especially where reproductive health is concerned. Women's health is positioned within a wider body of knowledge cited by, amongst others, the World Health Organization, which places importance on gender as a social determinant of health.
The test specifications are based on the PHR/SPHR Body of Knowledge, which is composed of five functional areas. The examinations for the SHRM-CP and SHRM-SCP are also computer-based. Candidates are given four hours to answer 160 multiple-choice questions (95 knowledge items/65 situational judgment items). The examinations are offered two times per year: December 1 through February 15, and May 1 through July 15.
In 1785, Coulomb discovered the electrical conductivity of air. His discovery was contrary to the prevailing thought at the time, that the atmospheric gases were insulators (which they are to some extent, or at least not very good conductors when not ionized). Erman (1804) theorized that the Earth was negatively charged, and Peltier (1842) tested and confirmed Erman's idea. Several researchers contributed to the growing body of knowledge about atmospheric electrical phenomena.
Additionally, LDS hospital in Salt Lake City (HELP System...) has contributed much to this standard as well as body of knowledge. Indiana University's section of Children's Health Services Research within the School of Medicine extensively uses Arden Syntax MLMs to control clinical decision support within the CHICA (Child Health Improvement through Computer Automation) pediatric clinical decision support system, an ambulatory CDS that has been running within Indianapolis area health systems for 11 years.
Organization Studies, vol. 29: 351-371. A key idea put forward by Romme (2003) and Romme & Endenburg (2006) is that design principles are instrumental in connecting description and explanation (by researchers) to design and construction (by practitioners). As such his work established the idea that social science-based research serves to advance the body of knowledge on management and organization, but needs to be complemented by pragmatic design knowledge for practitioners (e.g.
Profoundly influenced by Euclid, Descartes was a rationalist who invented the foundationalist system of philosophy. He used the method of doubt, now called Cartesian doubt, to systematically doubt everything he could possibly doubt, until he was left with what he saw as purely indubitable truths. Using these self-evident propositions as his axioms, or foundations, he went on to deduce his entire body of knowledge from them. The foundations are also called a priori truths.
It cannot account for the way learners could access to such knowledge. WMCF is also criticized for its monist approach. First, it ignores the fact that the sensori-motor experience upon which our linguistic structure — thus, mathematics — is assumed to be based may vary across cultures and situations. Second, the mathematics WMCF is concerned with is "almost entirely... standard utterances in textbooks and curricula", which is the most-well established body of knowledge.
AT YOUR OWN RISK Popular labelling Security is freedom from, or resilience against, potential harm caused by others. A security risk is "any event that could result in the compromise of organizational assets i.e. the unauthorized use, loss, damage, disclosure or modification of organizational assets for the profit, personal interest or political interests of individuals, groups or other entities."Julian Talbot and Miles Jakeman Security Risk Management Body of Knowledge, John Wiley & Sons, 2009.
ASCE recognized in the 1999 Committee's work that a body of specialized knowledge was required for the practice of civil engineering. This body of professional knowledge had four components: a technical and non- technical core knowledge elements, technical knowledge electives, and technical and non-technical learning to support an individual's career objectives. Creating a body of knowledge for the civil engineering profession was as complicated as any mega-project a civil engineer might attempt.
In project management, project cost management is a major functional division. Cost estimating is one of three activities performed in project cost management.A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide) Third Edition, An American National Standard, ANSI/PMI 99-001-2004, Project Management Institute, Inc, 2004, In cost engineering, cost estimation is a basic activity. A cost engineering reference book has chapters on capital investment cost estimation and operating cost estimation.
BrainRush is a company that uses video game technology in educational software where he is Founder, CEO and Chairman. The company was venture capital funded in 2012. It is based on the idea that many curriculum lessons can be turned into mini-games. Developers can take any body of knowledge from English language arts to foreign language, geography, multiplication table or chemistry tables, to parts of the human body and gamify the experience.
Effective communication depends on a shared body of knowledge between the persons communicating. In using words, sounds, and gestures, the speaker has deliberately thrown away a huge body of information, though it remains implied. This shared context is called exformation. Exformation is everything we do not actually say but have in our heads when, or before, we say anything at all - whereas information is the measurable, demonstrable utterance we actually come out with.
The program covers the modern topics and approaches in corporate finance including modern financial instruments, financial modelling, capital markets and financial security valuation. The University of Nottingham is participating in the CFA Institute University Affiliation Program. MSc Finance and Investment is recognised by the Chartered Financial Analysts (CFA) Institute as the curriculum covers significant portion of the CFA Program Candidate Body of Knowledge (CBOK)—including the Code of Ethics and Standards of Professional Conduct.
As the population of the town waned following the end of the mining boom in 1907 many areas of the town were abandoned. Over time, the street levels have been raised. There is the possibility that sub-strata kerbing and channeling exist with the potential to extend the current body of knowledge about this early civic work of the Charters Towers Municipal Council. The place is important because of its aesthetic significance.
This is no longer in print, but the series was re-released as a two- CD-ROM set in 1999 () by publisher Artech House. More recently, it has become available online. Postwar declassification of the work at the MIT Rad Lab made available, via the Series, a quite-large body of knowledge about advanced electronics. A reference (identity long forgotten) credited the Series with the development of the post-World War II electronics industry.
This book reveals how gender relations in Europe and its West Indian colonies influenced what European bioprospectors collected—and failed to collect—as they entered the rich knowledge traditions of the Caribbean. As Schiebinger tells, abortifacients were a body of knowledge that did not circulate freely between the West Indies and Europe. Trade winds of prevailing opinion impeded shiploads of New World abortifacients and knowledge of their use from ever reaching Europe.
In: European Journal of Information Systems (2006) 15, pp.91–102. The SEQUAL framework is a so-called "top-down quality framework", which is based on semiotic theory, such as the works of Charles W. Morris. Building on these theory it "defines several quality aspects based on relationships between a model, a body of knowledge, a domain, a modeling language, and the activities of learning, taking action, and modeling".Jan Mendling et al.
The Center established a research program in Okayama, Japan, in 1950. The program was partly made possible when Hall met directly with Douglas MacArthur, head of the American Occupation of Japan. He later received a telegram from the General saying that the project "appears to be boldly planned and soundly conceived" and should "result in a body of knowledge which will prove of inestimable value..." Hall stayed in Japan as representative of the Asia Foundation until 1960.
This sets Foucauldian problematization apart from many other approaches in that it invites researchers to view opposing scientific theories or political views, and indeed contradictory enunciations in general as responses to the same problematization rather than as the manifestations of mutually excluding discourses. It is this level of problematizations and discourses that Foucault refers to when establishing that Foucault's “history of thought” seeks to answer the question of "how [...] a particular body of knowledge [is] able to be constituted?".
There is a growing body of knowledge about how mechanoreceptors in plant cells receive information about a mechanical stimulation, but there are many gaps in the current understanding. While a complete model cannot yet be formed, we do know much of what is happening at the plasma membrane. Mechanoreceptors changing shape in response to mechanical stimuli (red arrows) The plasma membrane is full of membrane proteins and ion channels. One type of ion channel are Mechanosensitive (MS) ion channels.
What is the books setting, who is the primary character, is there an implied reader and what is her/his implied body of knowledge? Moreover, Ewick and Silbey suggest that children's narratives can ‘support challenges to the status quo by illuminating a set of tactics for future use.' Children's narratives can inspire change and can provide the exposure of power as a means to reverse that power. When children read books, they look for role models with leadership qualities.
As time goes on, psychodynamic psychiatry as a body of knowledge will change as more is learned about the relationships between neuroscience, psychopathology, and individual feelings and behavior. All psychodynamic treatments are organized around a therapeutic alliance forged by both participants. They include psychoanalysis, briefer therapies and combinations of therapies including, for example, individual and group psychotherapy, family therapy and/or pharmacotherapy. Psychodynamically oriented treatments may be of any duration from a single meeting to weeks to years.
"Professional studies" is a term used to classify academic programs which are applied or interdisciplinary in focus. The term can also be used for non- academic training for a specific profession. Professional studies usually combine theory and practice-based professional learning, focusing on a body of knowledge that is more strictly delineated and canonical than non-professional studies. Students are trained to ensure expected standards and adequate service delivery in the best practice of a profession.
Etruscan liver of Piacenza The collective body of knowledge pertaining to the doctrine, ritual practices, laws, and science of Etruscan religion and cosmology was known as the disciplina Etrusca.The phrase is used for instance by Servius, note to Aeneid 4.166. Divination was a particular feature of the disciplina. The Etruscan texts on the disciplina that were known to the Romans are of three kinds: the libri haruspicini (on haruspicy), the libri fulgurales (lightning), and the libri rituales (ritual).
Varanus reisingeri can very well be described as looking like V. prasinus without blue pigmentation. While there are very few reports — and no specific field studies — relating to the natural history of any of the tree monitors, there is a considerable body of knowledge available for the green tree monitor (V. prasinus) and the black tree monitor (V. beccarii), two of the species that have been very successfully maintained and bred in captivity for more than two decades.
The Enterprise Architecture Body of Knowledge (EABOK) is a guide to Enterprise Architecture produced by MITRE's Center for Innovative Computing and Informatics, and is substantially funded by US government agencies. It provides a critical review of enterprise architecture issues in the context of the needs of an organization. Because it provides a "big picture" view of needs and methods, some enterprise architecture practitioners recommend it as starting point for a business establishing an enterprise architecture unit.
Indiana University Press, 1. Collingwood categorized history as a science, defining a science as "any organized body of knowledge." However, he distinguished history from natural sciences because the concerns of these two branches are different: natural sciences are concerned with the physical world while history, in its most common usage, is concerned with social sciences and human affairs. Collingwood pointed out a fundamental difference between knowing things in the present (or in the natural sciences) and knowing history.
Organization theory cannot be described as an orderly progression of ideas, or a unified body of knowledge in which each development builds carefully on and extends the one before it. Rather, developments in theory and prescriptions for practice show disagreement about the purposes and uses of a theory of organization, the issues to which it should address itself (such as supervisory style and organizational culture), and the concepts and variables that should enter into such a theory.
In this he said that the sacred and profane sciences, for a long time considered part of a single body of knowledge, could be reunited. Medicine was a natural area in which this synthesis could occur. He was one of the closest in the French medical community to the philosopher René Guénon, and in 1938 created the Groupe d'études métaphysiques, inspired by Guénon. After the war, he founded the Groupe d'études des techniques mystiques et du yoga in 1946.
He gently berates the rhapsode for being Protean, which after all, is exactly what a rhapsode is: a man who is convincingly capable of being different people on stage. Through his character Socrates, Plato argues that “Ion’s talent as an interpreter cannot be an art, a definable body of knowledge or an ordered system of skills,” but instead must come from the divine inspiration of the Muses.Barrish, J., The Antitheatrical Prejudice, p. 12. University of California Press, 1981.
The Service Automation Framework (SAF) is a set of best practices for the automated delivery of services. The concept builds further on the self-service practices of ITIL and IT Service Management. In its current form, the SAF is published as in a series of volumes, covering different processes of service automation. The Service Automation Framework is maintained and updated by the Service Automation Framework Alliance, an independent body of knowledge for the advancement of service automation.
In the master's program "Information Systems" the institute's goal is the training of IT managers rather than informing the IT - knowledgeable economist. These executives, who will also be responsible for the implementation of new information systems, shall be educated to promote sustainable system development. In the master's common body of knowledge, the institute offers a training in user-centered system design. Building on these foundations, the competence field "Sustainable IT" carries the institute's research activities into the classroom.
The School of Accounting and Finance offers four undergraduate programs, two graduate programs and one doctoral program. Additionally, the School jointly administers one undergraduate program and one graduate program with the Faculty of Mathematics and one undergraduate program with the Faculty of Science. The BAFM and BCFM degrees are both CFA Institute's University Affiliated Programs, which recognize academic institutions that embed a significant portion of the CFA Program Candidate Body of Knowledge (CBOK) into their curriculum.
There is a large body of knowledge that designers call upon and use during the design process to match the ever-increasing complexity of design problems.X.F. Zha, H. Du, Knowledge intensive collaborative design modeling and support, part I: Review, distributed models and framework, Computers in Industry 57 (2006) 39–55 Design knowledge can be classified into two categories:M. Stokes, Managing Engineering Knowledge: MOKA Methodology for Knowledge Based Engineering Applications, MOKA Consortium, London,2001. product knowledge and design process knowledge.
The second edition was published in 2000, to add new material reflecting the growth of practices.A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge, copyright page, edition 2 , and edition 3 2004 , and edition 4 2008 In 2004, the PMBOK Guide — Third Edition was published with major changes from the previous editions, and changing the criteria for inclusion from "generally accepted" practice to "generally recognized as good practice". The Fourth edition was published in 2008. The Fifth Edition was released in 2013.
The Geographic Information Science & Technology Body of Knowledge (2nd Quarter 2018 Edition), John P. Wilson (ed.). DOI: 10.22224/gistbok/2018.2.4 The Law of Similarity is employed by selecting similar map symbols for similar kinds of features or features with similar properties; the Law of Proximity is crucial to identifying geographic patterns and regions; and the Laws of Closure and Continuity allow users to recognize features that may be obscured by other features (such as when a road goes over a river).
Map of Alexander's empire. Nearchus' journey, described in Indica, is shown as the dotted line through Indian Ocean from the Indus Delta to the Persian Gulf Indica is useful as a historical source in establishing the influence of Alexander's campaign. For the first time, a large body of knowledge about the Near East, Central Asia, and India was reaching Greece. Information was exchanged in all directions: the whole of Alexander's empire experienced somewhat of a cultural shift in one way or another.
William Safran (born 1930) is Professor Emeritus of Political Science at the University of Colorado Boulder. It has been argued that Safran "has contributed substantially to the body of knowledge regarding ethnic politics, nationalism, and related subjects, such as institutional and cultural pluralism, citizenship, immigration, diaspora, national identity, and the politics of language and religion". He is a specialist on France, and much of his research concerns French ethnic politics. Safran was born in Dresden, Germany, to Romanian and Polish immigrant parents.
The mosaic communicates a rich Greek and Roman historical background, especially through its commemoration of a Greek decisive win over the Persians. There are many specific and intricate details in the Alexander Mosaic. These details can be used as clues to contextualize the scene and to learn more about this historical event. The limitations with this body of knowledge are that these details do not provide full contextualization for the significance of this battle scene inside an ancient Italian home.
The following outline is provided as a topical overview of science: Science is both the systematic effort of acquiring knowledge through observation, experimentation and reasoning, and the body of knowledge thus acquired. The word "science" comes from the Latin word "scientia" meaning knowledge. A practitioner of science is called a "scientist". Modern science respects objective logical reasoning, and follows a set of core procedures or rules in order to determine the nature and underlying natural laws of the universe and everything in it.
Administrative – Requires the exercise of analytical ability, judgment, discretion, and personal responsibility, and the application of a substantial body of knowledge of principles, concepts, and practices applicable to one or more fields of administration or management. These positions do not require specialized education, but do require skills usually gained while attaining a college level education. Examples can be budget analysts and general supply specialists. These positions will most likely be filed by career employees that act in a managerial function.
Researchers have developed a large body of knowledge of parallel algorithms for the PRAM model. These parallel algorithms are also known for being simple, by standards of other approaches to parallel algorithms. This large body of parallel algorithms knowledge for the PRAM model and their relative simplicity motivated building computers whose programming can be guided by these parallel algorithms. Since productivity of parallel programmers has long been considered crucial for the success a parallel computer, simplicity of algorithms is important.
Even more broadly, "cultural rights" may refer to a larger category of economic, social and cultural rights, which may be understood to refer to the right to science and culture as well as the right to education and other rights, such as the protection of authorship. The "right to science" includes both a right to participate in science (the activity) and a right to access to the body of knowledge ("benefits" or "progress" or "advances") that is a result of science.
In the United States, the body of knowledge necessary to obtain a license to practice engineering is defined by the laws or regulations of each state or territory. Most states have a standard that is a four-step process. First, an individual must obtain a Bachelor's degree from a university program that is accredited by the Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology. A two-step examination process administered by the National Council of Examiners for Engineering and Surveying must be completed.
The University of Delaware Ice Skating Science Development Center (ISSDC) is one of the world's leading training and research sites for the sport of figure skating. It uses the Fred Rust Ice Arena and the Gold Ice Arena, as well as strength and aerobic training rooms and dance studio. UD faculty have collaborated with the World and Olympic coaches to advance the body of knowledge in figure skating, and encompasses research areas of: sports medicine, exercise physiology, biomechanics and sports psychology.
It is, of course, possible for Austrians of all age groups to take the Matura. Adults from their twenties on are usually tutored at private institutions of adult education before taking their final tests, held separately before a regional examination board. Criticism of the Austrian Matura has been persistent. In particular, it has been argued that the current system encourages rote learning (see also education reform), hinders students’ creativity and obscures the fact that the body of knowledge is constantly changing.
Nadwi counts more than 8000 based on the biographical dictionaries of the classical and medieval period.Mohammad Akram Nadwi, Al-Muhaddithat: The Women Scholars in Islam, (Oxford/London: Interface Publications, 2007). Many of these women belonged to the most outstanding scholars and traditionists of their time and men were proud to receive narration from them. One must also note that muhaddithat transmitted the same body of knowledge as their male counterparts – there were and are no restrictions on what could be transmitted by women.
During the 1940s and 1950s, the body of knowledge for doing scientific management evolved into operations management, operations research, and management cybernetics. In the 1980s total quality management became widely popular, growing from quality control techniques. In the 1990s "re-engineering" went from a simple word to a mystique. Today's Six Sigma and lean manufacturing could be seen as new kinds of scientific management, although their evolutionary distance from the original is so great that the comparison might be misleading.
Advancements were also made in phylogenetic systematics, mapping the transition of traits into a comparative and testable framework through the publication and use of evolutionary trees. In 1973, evolutionary biologist Theodosius Dobzhansky penned that "nothing in biology makes sense except in the light of evolution," because it has brought to light the relations of what first seemed disjointed facts in natural history into a coherent explanatory body of knowledge that describes and predicts many observable facts about life on this planet.
In 1610 Henry Hudson made his ill-fated voyage in search of the Passage. William Baffin and Robert Bylot sailed the Arctic sea in the area around what became known as Baffin Island in 1616. While these voyages not successful, in that they did not discover the Northwest Passage, they provided valuable information on the nature of the Arctic Ocean. Voyages by William Edward Parry in 1819 and John Ross in 1829 added to the growing body of knowledge relating to the north.
The case is further detailed with a textual description or with additional graphical models that explains the general sequence of activities and events, as well as variants such as special conditions, exceptions or error situations. According to the Software Engineering Body of Knowledge (SWEBOK), use cases belong to the scenario-based requirement elicitation techniques, as well as the model- based analysis techniques. But the use cases also supports narrative-based requirement gathering, incremental requirement acquisition, system documentation, and acceptance testing.
Carnap was convinced that there was a logical as well as an empirical dimension in science. He believed that one had to isolate the experiential elements from the logical elements of a given body of knowledge. Hence, the empirical concept of frequency used in statistics to describe the general features of certain phenomena can be distinguished from the analytical concepts of probability logic that merely describe logical relations between sentences. For Carnap, the statistical and the logical concepts must be investigated separately.
This lies at the very heart of what we are doing at Assystem. It's all about switching from a document based approach to a data-based approach which, in addition to building up a technical body of knowledge, fully factors in the business dimension of projects. It does this by drawing on systems engineering – with modelling and data mining – and automating business processes in order to clearly identify project needs and their impact on the design, build, operational and decommissioning phases.
Some stayed for a time and many others just passed through. Over the years the group existed, the core of what has become known today as "the Michael Teachings" was revealed. Alice Hannah, "secretary" for the original Michael study group in the early 1970s, kept the group's records and created transcripts of their sessions. The information they brought forth provides the foundation of the body of knowledge, which has now expanded as more teachers are trained and students develop more advanced skills.
IIMN has faculty members in the Areas of Strategy & Entrepreneurship, Finance & Accounting, Economics & Social Sciences, Decision Science & Information Systems, Marketing, Organizational Behaviour & Human Resources Management, and Production & Operations Management. The faculty members are devoted to contributing to the body of knowledge in various facets of management through their research. IIMN places immense emphasis on top- quality research which is evident in the stringent standards set for journals and other academic fora wherein the papers by IIMN faculty members are published.
Marine life resources provide food (especially food fish), medicines, and raw materials. It is also becoming understood that the well-being of marine organisms and other organisms are linked in very fundamental ways. The human body of knowledge regarding the relationship between life in the sea and important cycles is rapidly growing, with new discoveries being made nearly every day. These cycles include those of matter (such as the carbon cycle) and of air (such as Earth's respiration, and movement of energy through ecosystems including the ocean).
Sagan explains that science is not just a body of knowledge but is a way of thinking. Sagan shows how scientific thinking is both imaginative and disciplined, bringing humans to an understanding of how the universe is, rather than how they wish to perceive it. He says that science works much better than any other system because it has a "built-in error-correcting machine". Superstition and pseudoscience get in the way of many laypersons' ability to appreciate the beauty and benefits of science.
In the mid-1980s, a need arose for a standardized, vendor-neutral certification program that provided structure and demonstrated competence. In November 1988, the Special Interest Group for Computer Security (SIG-CS), a member of the Data Processing Management Association (DPMA), brought together several organizations interested in this goal. The International Information Systems Security Certification Consortium or "(ISC)²" formed in mid-1989 as a non-profit organization. By 1990, the first working committee to establish a Common Body of Knowledge (CBK) had been formed.
In the forward to a book on the Power of peer learning by Jean-H. Guilmette, Maureen O'Neil, then president of Canada's International Development Research Centre, states that : Our experience has proven that [peer learning] is an efficient way to transmit knowledge across a wide range of groups or regions. Peer learning, based on jointly generated evidence, is also an effective means to build capacity and foster scientific excellence. The body of knowledge it generates is a powerful tool for the development of evidence-based policy.
It allows for room to consider more alternatives and develop a body of knowledge based on experiences. In the social work setting this attempt to community education can prove to be most effective as our environments and populations are constantly changing. Reflecting and monitoring the educational process can help to stabilize more creative and innovative ways to educate individuals, families, and communities. As social and economic justice issues become more prominent and delicate, social workers need to consider these tools for the benefit of help seekers.
Figure-ground contrast, in the context of map design, is a property of a map in which the map image can be partitioned into a single feature or type of feature that is considered as an object of attention (the figure), with the remainder of the map being relegated to the background, outside the current focus of attention.Tait, Alex (2018) Visual Hierarchy and Layout. The Geographic Information Science & Technology Body of Knowledge (2nd Quarter 2018 Edition), John P. Wilson (ed.). DOI: 10.22224/gistbok/2018.2.
The course offers an expanding education for the coach, introducing many Sports Science elements. Instructors will provide candidates with a body of knowledge and practical expertise so that they can develop their lifters from Club standard to National standard and beyond. More emphasis is on programming of training and preparing athletes to compete on the international platform. A more comprehensive biomechanics chapter is included and a number of new topics are introduced such as anatomy, physiology, kinesiology, nutrition, strength and power principles and general physical preparation.
In project management, the resource breakdown structure (RBS) is a hierarchical list of resources related by function and resource type that is used to facilitate planning and controlling of project work.Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide) – Fourth Edition, page 145. Project Management Institute, 2008. The Resource Breakdown Structure includes, at a minimum, the personnel resources needed for successful completion of a project, and preferably contains all resources on which project funds will be spent, including personnel, tools, machinery, materials, equipment and fees and licenses.
It is also becoming understood that the well-being of marine organisms and other organisms are linked in fundamental ways. The human body of knowledge regarding the relationship between life in the sea and important cycles is rapidly growing, with new discoveries being made nearly every day. These cycles include those of matter (such as the carbon cycle) and of air (such as Earth's respiration, and movement of energy through ecosystems including the ocean). Large areas beneath the ocean surface still remain effectively unexplored.
The Division of Boating and Waterways (DBW) was established in 1957 upon enactment of legislation supported by the boating community. That legislation established a state boating agency dedicated to all aspects of recreational boating and a special fund (Harbors and Watercraft Revolving Fund) to fund the division’s activities. The division receives no General Fund support. The division brings together a body of knowledge as the state’s expert in recreational boating-related matters, including public access, safety and education, marine law enforcement, and consumer and environmental protection.
These provide a visual stimulus for the skill-practice planned by the teacher. Even though the teacher is planning a sequence of activities through the designing of key questions, he or she does not know the details of the content, because these are created by the students. The traditional role of the teacher, who had power because of superior knowledge, is changed. It is no longer her job to pass on information to the students - a body of knowledge to be learned and assimilated.
Some writers also discussed the use of various mnemonic devices to assist speakers. But rhetoricians also viewed memoria as requiring more than just rote memorization. Rather, the orator also had to have at his command a wide body of knowledge to permit improvisation, to respond to questions, and to refute opposing arguments. Where today's speech-making tends to be a staged, one-way affair, in former times, much oration occurred as part of debates, dialogues, and other settings, in which orators had to react to others.
Dillard and Burgoon (1985) later investigated the Cody-McLaughlin typologies. They concluded that situational variables, as described by Cody and McLaughlin, did very little to predict compliance gaining strategy selection. As early as 1982, there was already strong criticism about the strength of the relationships between situational variables and compliance gaining message selection. By the 1990s, many research efforts attempting to link compliance gaining strategy selection and features of a situation or features of the individual "failed to coalesce into a coherent body of knowledge".
The Chinese characters (kanji) for "Rangaku". The first character "ran" is an abbreviation of the ateji for . The second character "gaku" means "study" and "learning". Rangaku (Kyūjitai: /Shinjitai: , literally "Dutch learning", and by extension "Western learning") is a body of knowledge developed by Japan through its contacts with the Dutch enclave of Dejima, which allowed Japan to keep abreast of Western technology and medicine in the period when the country was closed to foreigners, 1641–1853, because of the Tokugawa shogunate's policy of national isolation (sakoku).
In project management, resource levelling is defined by A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide) as "A technique in which start and finish dates are adjusted based on resource limitation with the goal of balancing demand for resources with the available supply." Resource leveling problem could be formulated as an optimization problem. The problem could be solved by different optimization algorithms such as exact algorithms or meta- heuristic methods. When performing project planning activities, the manager will attempt to schedule certain tasks simultaneously.
Men's mobility allowed them to acquire a body of knowledge about distant places and people which women lacked. As men began to trade with other communities, women's work was further devalued: men were able to supply their produce to other villages and gain otherwise unavailable goods in return. Trading led to urbanization: men moved to jobs in cities, while women stayed at home with the family. This created a differentiation between women's and men's spaces: women's space was private (dedans), men's was public (dehors).
In the belief revision framework, counterfactuals are treated using a formal implementation of the Ramsey test. In these systems, a counterfactual A > B holds if and only if the addition of A to the current body of knowledge has B as a consequence. This condition relates counterfactual conditionals to belief revision, as the evaluation of A > B can be done by first revising the current knowledge with A and then checking whether B is true in what results. Revising is easy when A is consistent with the current beliefs, but can be hard otherwise.
Mujerismo represents the body of knowledge while Mujerista refers to the individual who identifies with these believes. The origins of these terms began with Gloria Anzaldúa's This Bridge We Call Home (1987), Ana Castillo's Massacre of the Dreamer: Essays in Xicanisma (1994), and Gloria Anzaldúa and Cherrie Moraga's This Bridge Called My Back (1984). Mujerista is a Latina-oriented “womanist” approach to everyday life and relationships. It emphasizes the need to connect the formal, public life of work and education with the private life of culture and the home by privileging cultural experiences.
During these visits, he would apply his researched methods of deaf education. Goldstein would instruct “each of the 16 students ranging in age from 6 to 18 years for 15 minutes each” and would also spend time with the teachers to educate them on the details of the acoustic stimulation method. In 1896, the same year as the birth of his only daughter, he would found one of his lifelong works; a medical journal dubbed The Laryngoscope, “in an effort to speed the dissemination of the rapidly expanding body of knowledge in otolaryngology”.
Before version 5.0, this was known as ManagementSuite, formed of two words: Management, as in project management and Suite, following the same metaphor about name of places. The intent of Project is to provide project managers with the tools, methods and processes to help them deliver projects on time, within budget and with the expected level of quality. The processes and procedures are coherent with the principles and framework proposed in the Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK®) published by the Project Management Institute (PMI).
According to the Data Management Body of Knowledge, the data architect “provides a standard common business vocabulary, expresses strategic data requirements, outlines high level integrated designs to meet these requirements, and aligns with enterprise strategy and related business architecture.” According to the Open Group Architecture Framework (TOGAF), a data architect is expected to set data architecture principles, create models of data that enable the implementation of the intended business architecture, create diagrams showing key data entities, and create an inventory of the data needed to implement the architecture vision.
In this change, the focus had shifted from the bulk properties of matter (such as hardness, colour, reactivity, etc.) to studies of atomic weights and quantitative studies of reactions. He suggested that it was impossible to make the comparison needed to judge which body of knowledge was better or more advanced. However, this change in research style (and paradigm) eventually (after more than a century) led to a theory of atomic structure that accounts well for the bulk properties of matter; see, for example, Brady's General Chemistry.Brady, J E (1990).
Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) describes indigenous and other traditional knowledge of local resources. As a field of study in anthropology, TEK refers to "a cumulative body of knowledge, belief, and practice, evolving by accumulation of TEK and handed down through generations through traditional songs, stories and beliefs. It is concerned with the relationship of living beings (including human) with their traditional groups and with their environment." Such knowledge is used in natural resource management as a substitute for baseline environmental data in cases where there is little recorded scientific data Freeman, M.M.R. 1992.
In the U.S. the training of safety professionals is supported by National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health through their NIOSH Education and Research Centers. In Australia, training in OSH is available at the vocational education and training level, and at university undergraduate and postgraduate level. Such university courses may be accredited by an Accreditation Board of the Safety Institute of Australia. The Institute has produced a Body of Knowledge which it considers is required by a generalist safety and health professional, and offers a professional qualification based on a four-step assessment.
The Strozzi Institute methodology, known as Strozzi Somatics, is used one-on-one and in groups of varying size. The Strozzi Somatics methodology makes a distinction between soma - the living body in its entirety, and the mechanistic view of the physical body as an assemblage of anatomical parts. Using this first definition the body is regarded as the primary domain of feeling, action, language, and meaning.Strean, W.B., Strozzi-Heckler, R., "(The) Body (of) Knowledge: Somatic Contributions to the Practice of Sport Psychology" Journal of Sports Psychology, September 2009 p.
However, under some circumstances it may also be applied to informal education or free-choice learning settings. For instance, a science museum may have a "curriculum" of what topics or exhibits it wishes to cover. Many after-school programs in the US have tried to apply the concept; this typically has more success when not rigidly clinging to the definition of curriculum as a product or as a body of knowledge to be transferred. Rather, informal education and free-choice learning settings are more suited to the model of curriculum as practice or praxis.
Robert Max Wideman (born 19 January 1927 in Penarth, UK), widely referred to as simply Max Wideman, is known for his contributions to the profession of project management. He is the creator of the first edition of A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge, the Project Management Institute's foundational book on the process of project management. Wideman is also well known for his free comprehensive project management knowledge web site. that contains over 12,500 pages, 550 Issacons (issues and considerations), and 280,000 links (as of September 2010).
Mises presents the book in four parts. Introduction and Part One – Value: The first part sets the overall theme of the book with Mises introducing the concept of methodological dualism. He then expounds a theory of value that is central throughout. Regarding his view on science – as systematic body of knowledge, of both natural and social phenomena – as a means to successful action in the world, Mises argues that in order to properly understand human behavior we must attribute – as a methodological resort – volition and purpose to human behaviour.
Webster Vienna Private University is accredited in the United States by the Higher Learning Commission at both the undergraduate and graduate levels. Since 2001, the university has also held accreditation with the Austrian Accreditation Council as an Austrian private university. Furthermore, all Business and Management programs at Webster Vienna are accredited by the Accreditation Council for Business Schools and Programs (ACBSP). Additional recognitions given to Webster Vienna include the following: • CFA (Chartered Financial Analyst) Institute has recognized Webster Vienna's MSc in Finance for incorporating at least 70% of the CFA Program Candidate Body of Knowledge.
Mainstream economics is the body of knowledge, theories, and models of economics, as taught by universities worldwide, that are generally accepted by economists as a basis for discussion. Also known as orthodox economics, it can be contrasted to heterodox economics, which encompasses various schools or approaches that are only accepted by a minority of economists. The economics profession has traditionally been associated with neoclassical economicsDavid C. Colander (2000). Complexity and History of Economic Thought, 35.. This association has however been challenged by prominent historians of economic thought like David Collander.
For example, during the 1970s, children with behavior that was not considered appropriate for their gender was diagnosed with GID. The treatment then consisted of trying to make the child adapt to the prevailing gender norms. Feder argues that this is an example of power/knowledge since psychiatry, from the "common sense" premise "the world consists of women and men" (a premise which is upheld in this status by power), created a new diagnosis, a new type of subject and a whole body of knowledge surrounding this new subject.Fader, E. K. (2011) Power/knowledge.
A number of basic principles are accepted by scientists as standards for determining whether a body of knowledge, method, or practice is scientific. Experimental results should be reproducible and verified by other researchers.e.g. These principles are intended to ensure experiments can be reproduced measurably given the same conditions, allowing further investigation to determine whether a hypothesis or theory related to given phenomena is valid and reliable. Standards require the scientific method to be applied throughout, and bias to be controlled for or eliminated through randomization, fair sampling procedures, blinding of studies, and other methods.
Bob studied at NYU, where he earned his BA in Communication, and then his MA in Education. While studying at NYU, Bob also worked for an antiques dealer, so in addition to his formal education, he also received a body of knowledge in the area of art and antiques. Bob then began a career in public relations, and in time launched his own firm, Richter Media. In addition to running his PR firm, Bob continued to keep his passion for design at the forefront of his life, frequenting auctions, flea markets and thrift shops.
No-action letters are letters by the SEC staff indicating that the staff will not recommend to the Commission that the SEC undertake enforcement action against a person or company if that entity engages in a particular action. These letters are sent in response to requests made when the legal status of an activity is not clear. These letters are publicly released and increase the body of knowledge on what exactly is and is not allowed. They represent the staff's interpretations of the securities laws and, while persuasive, are not binding on the courts.
This pessimistic view, described by some theorists as unashamedly technologically deterministic, contrasts with the more optimistic view of HRO proponents, who argued that high-risk, high-hazard organizations can function safely despite the hazards of complex systems. Despite their differences, NAT and high reliability organization theory share a focus on the social and organizational underpinnings of system safety and accident causation/prevention.As research continued, a body of knowledge emerged based on the studying a variety of organizations. For example, fire incident command system,Bigley, G. A., & Roberts, K. H. (2001).
A tiny Dutch delegation in Dejima, Nagasaki was the only allowed contact with the West, from which the Japanese were kept partly informed of western scientific and technological advances, establishing a body of knowledge known as Rangaku. Extensive contacts with Korea and China were maintained through the Tsushima Domain, the Ryūkyū Kingdom under Satsuma's dominion, and the trading posts at Nagasaki. The Matsumae Domain on Hokkaidō managed contacts with the native Ainu peoples, and with Imperial Russia. Many isolated attempts to end Japan's seclusion were made by expanding Western powers during the 19th century.
The 'Certified Public Accountant' designation will be conferred only on completion of MPA (Master in Professional Accounting) post graduate program offered by the ICFAI University. The CPA program offered by the ICFAI University, Tripura is a unique program covering the areas of accounting, auditing, taxation, laws & regulations, and allied areas. The CPA program has been developed in the context of the present and future needs. The core body of knowledge of the CPA Program includes current and evolving concepts, techniques and applications, and also providing the flavor of the frontiers of knowledge.
Body of Knowledge on Infrastructure Regulation "General Concepts : Introduction." Alternatives to a state-owned response to natural-monopolies include both open source licensed technology and co-operatives management where a monopoly's users or workers own the monopoly. For instance, the web's open source architecture has both stimulated massive growth and avoided a single company controlling the entire market. The Depository Trust and Clearing Corporation is an American co-op which provides the majority of clearing and financial settlement across the securities industry ensuring they cannot abuse their market position to raise costs.
The touch of death (or death-point striking) refers to any martial arts technique reputed to kill using seemingly less than lethal force targeted at specific areas of the body. The concept known as dim mak (), alternatively ' () traces its history to traditional Chinese medicine acupuncture. Tales of its use are often found in the Wuxia genre of Chinese martial arts fiction. Dim mak is depicted as a secret body of knowledge with techniques that attack pressure points and meridians, said to incapacitate or sometimes cause immediate or even delayed death to an opponent.
Originally published in the Spanish language periodical, Revista Municipal y de Intereses Economicos in 1921. Her portrait in this article is captioned: "Bibliotecaria de la Universidad de Harvard. Notable escritora de asuntos municipales," which translates as Librarian at Harvard University, and noted writer on the subject of city planning. Theodora Kimball Hubbard (1887-1935) was the first librarian of the Harvard School of Landscape Architecture, and a contemporary of and collaborator with many significant figures in landscape architecture in expanding the body of knowledge in that subject area.
Macau was thus the training ground for missions in Asia. From 1597 until 1762, Jesuit priests entering into China would always come first to Macau where, at St. Paul’s College, they would learn to speak Chinese together with other areas of Chinese knowledge, including philosophy and comparative religion, gathering a body of knowledge that would lead to the Jesuit position in defense of the adoption of local practices in the Chinese Rites controversy. It was the largest seminary in East Asia at the time, and the first western- style university in the region.
The Ayurvedic physicians of the Nelliakattu Mana in the later generations became professionally qualified doctors with academic achievements which was further enhanced by extensive clinical experience and research. They brought in the goodness of scientific advancements in diagnostic technology to the traditional body of knowledge in Ayurveda to create indigenous treatments and remedies. It no longer relies on the brilliance of doctors to diagnose the ailment, instead it uses all possible diagnostic technologies which the science has put forward and then brings in the remedial measures from the treasured knowledge of Ayurveda.
Certified Professional Organizers (CPOs) have proven industry proficiency by demonstrating they possess the body of knowledge and experience essential to professional organizing and productivity consulting. The CPO® credential identifies professional organizers who've documented a specific number of paid hours that include transferring organizing skills to the client, and passed the Board of Certification for Professional Organizers (BCPO®) examination. The credential provides the organizing and productivity industry a way to elevate its professional standards. The National Association of Productivity and Organizing Professionals' education arm is known as NAPO University.
In 1994, the Marketing Research Association (MRA) Board of Directors appointed a task force to determine the feasibility of creating a separate non-profit organization to create educational and training materials for the marketing and opinion research industry. This was fueled by a desire to create an independent study program based on the Marketing Research Core Body of Knowledge (MRCBOK©) developed by William Neal of SDR Consulting, Inc. and Dr. Malcolm McNiven of the University of Georgia. Approval was given and funds allocated in 1995 to establish the Marketing Research Association Institute (MRAI).
The term requirement has been in use in the software engineering community since at least the 1960s. According to the Guide to the Business Analysis Body of Knowledge® version 2 from IIBA (BABOK), a requirement is: # A condition or capability needed by a stakeholder to solve a problem or achieve an objective. # A condition or capability that must be met or possessed by a solution or solution component to satisfy a contract, standard, specification, or other formally imposed documents. # A documented representation of a condition or capability as in (1) or (2).
Instead, it visited a select group of predetermined UMA's each year, and performed inspections of UMA's where illegal activity had been reported. In 2005 only 54 out of the 6,446 UMA's in Mexico received visits from wildlife regulatory agencies. An absence of a concrete body of knowledge regarding Psitaccine populations and the activity of trappers within these areas meant that quotas were often exceeded and authorizations were bypassed. Consequently, it has been demonstrated that as much as 75% of the parrot trade, even in authorized species, was being perpetrated illegally.
In 1986, Li was awarded the APICS-Fraser Medal for Outstanding Achievement in Science and Engineering, Atlantic Provinces Council on the Sciences. The citation for this award noted that "Li's work has created an important new body of knowledge on growth measurement and the effects of temperature changes on plankton". In 2014, Li and co-authors were awarded the John Martin Award for recognition of a paper in aquatic sciences that is judged to have had a high impact on subsequent research in the field. Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography.
Ferguson is the author of seven chemistry textbooks and more than 50 research papers. His research ranged widely through his career but largely centered around organic chemistry and chemoreceptors. Beginning with Ferguson's 1958 paper in the Journal of Chemical Education, he developed a large body of knowledge around taste as it relates to the structure of organic compounds. This research eventually led to several papers on the structure-taste relationship of sweetness which put forth that compounds must have both a hydrogen bond donor and a large hydrophobic core for sweetness to be detected biochemically.
This approach, however, was seen by some detractors as heresy. By the 12th century, Western European scholars and philosophers came into contact with a body of knowledge of which they had previously been ignorant: a large corpus of works in Greek and Arabic that were preserved by Islamic scholars. Through translation into Latin, Western Europe was introduced to Aristotle and his natural philosophy. These works were taught at new universities in Paris and Oxford by the early 13th century, although the practice was frowned upon by the Catholic church.
In the words of a modern neuro-ophthalmologist, "Dr. Walsh developed a body of knowledge, recorded that knowledge, and shared it in an organized and systematic fashion which has not been improved upon, even to this day." In 2005, the sixth edition of Clinical Neuro-Ophthalmology was published as Walsh and Hoyt's Clinical Neuro-Ophthalmology in 3 volumes edited by Neil R. Miller and Nancy J. Newman.Nancy J. Newman, MD - Emory Eye Center - Emory University After his death in 1978, the Wilmer Eye Institute established the Frank B. Walsh Chair of Neuro-ophthalmology, the first such chair in the world.
Each exam item (a question with its possible answers) has at least two references to standard books or other sources of project management. Most of the questions reference the PMI A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (aka the PMBOK Guide). The PMBOK Guide is currently (2018) in its sixth edition, and the PMP exam changed in March 2018 to align with the updated guide. The Project Management Framework embodies a project life cycle and five major project management Process Groups: # Initiating # Planning # Executing # Monitoring and Controlling # Closing encompassing a total of 49 processes.
The PMBOK Guide is intended to be a "subset of the project management body of knowledge that is generally recognized as a good practice. 'Generally recognized' means the knowledge and practices described are applicable to most projects most of the time and there is a consensus about their value and usefulness. 'Good practice' means there is a general agreement that the application of the knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques can enhance the chance of success over many projects." This means that sometimes the "latest" project management trends, often promoted by consultants, may not be part of the latest version of The PMBOK Guide.
M-PHY is a high speed data communications physical layer protocol standard developed by the MIPI Alliance, PHY Working group, and targeted at the needs of mobile multimedia devices. The specification's details are proprietary to MIPI member organizations, but a substantial body of knowledge can be assembled from open sources. A number of industry standard settings bodies have incorporated M-PHY into their specifications including Mobile PCI Express, Universal Flash Storage, and as the physical layer for SuperSpeed Inter-Chip USB. To support high speed, M-PHY is generally transmitted using differential signaling over impedance controlled traces between components.
Process management in civil engineering and project management is the management of "systematic series of activities directed towards causing an end result such that one or more inputs will be acted upon to create one or more outputs."PMI (2012), "Process" definition, in: A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge, 5th Ed. Process management offers project organizations a means of applying the same quality improvement and defect reduction techniques used in business and manufacturing processes by taking a process view of project activity; modeling discrete activities and high-level processes. Manufacturers are accustomed to Cooper et al. (2008).Mitchell (2016).
Urban planning designs settlements, from the smallest towns to the largest cities. Shown here is Hong Kong from Western District overlooking Kowloon, across Victoria Harbour. Planning theory is the body of scientific concepts, definitions, behavioral relationships, and assumptions that define the body of knowledge of urban planning. There are nine procedural theories of planning that remain the principal theories of planning procedure today: the Rational- Comprehensive approach, the Incremental approach, the Transformative Incremental (TI) approach, the Transactive approach, the Communicative approach, the Advocacy approach, the Equity approach, the Radical approach, and the Humanist or Phenomenological approach.
Medieval scholars in the thirteenth century — for example at the relatively new universities in Oxford and Paris — drew on ancient mathematicians (Euclid and Archimedes) and philosophers (Aristotle) to develop a new body of knowledge, now called physics. At Oxford, Merton College sheltered a group of scholars devoted to natural science, mainly physics, astronomy and mathematics, who were of similar stature to the intellectuals at the University of Paris. Thomas Bradwardine extended Aristotelian quantities such as distance and velocity, and assigned intensity and extension to them. Bradwardine suggested an exponential law involving force, resistance, distance, velocity and time.
A typical fee for a fee-only planner might range from CDN$80 to CDN$180 per hour. The body of knowledge underlying personal financial planning is becoming increasingly well codified. A typical program might include a best practices approach, establishing the engagement, data gathering, clarifying financial status, financial management, risk management, tax planning, education planning, retirement planning, estate planning, asset management, planning for the closely held business, developing and presenting the financial plan, implementation and monitoring, modular planning and special planning goals, and regulatory, ethical, and legal issues, as well as marketing and practice management.
In the 2000s the study and concept development of business architecture accelerated. By the end of the 2000s the first handbooks on business architecture were published, separate frameworks for business architecture were being developed, separate views and models for business architecture were further under construction, the business architect as a profession evolved, and an increasing number of business added business architecture to their agenda. By 2015 business architecture has evolved into a common practice. The business architecture body of knowledge has been developed and is updated multiple times each year, and the interest from the academic world and from top management is growing.
Historical Dictionary of the Republic of Korea, p. 241 The VOC trade post on Dejima, an artificial island off the coast of Nagasaki, was for more than two hundred years the only place where Europeans were permitted to trade with Japan. Rangaku (literally 'Dutch Learning', and by extension 'Western Learning') is a body of knowledge developed by Japan through its contacts with the Dutch enclave of Dejima, which allowed Japan to keep abreast of Western technology and medicine in the period when the country was closed to foreigners, 1641–1853, because of the Tokugawa shogunate's policy of national isolation (sakoku).
Megatext is a term used by scholars of speculative fiction that describes the elaborate fictional background, tropes, images, and conventions that science fiction or fantasy narratives share. This collective body of knowledge, utilized by writers and recognized by readers, was first described by Christine Brooke-Rose in her 1981 work, A Rhetoric of the Unreal: Studies in Narrative and Structure, Especially of the Fantastic. Brooke-Rose builds on the culture or referential code first described by Roland Barthes in his work S/Z. Brooke-Rose describes a subconsciously familiar set of images, attributes and ideas that are shared within a particular genre.
The term enterprise can be defined as describing an organizational unit, organization, or collection of organizations that share a set of common goals and collaborate to provide specific products or services to customers.Business Analysis Body of Knowledge, from the International Institute of Business Analysis In that sense, the term enterprise covers various types of organizations, regardless of their size, ownership model, operational model, or geographical distribution. It includes those organizations' complete socio- technical systems,Giachetti, R.E., Design of Enterprise Systems, Theory, Architecture, and Methods, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 2010. including people, information, processes, and technologies.
Alexander's work has demonstrated that the lack knowledge and experience with the domain during this phase co occurs with limited individual interest—or, preexisting interest—in the domain; rather, situational interest, or, interest sparked by the environment, may be particularly influential. As a result of this dearth of knowledge and interest, acclimating learners lack the strategic processing skills needed to master the content. Alexander characterizes the second stage, competence, as including an increase in both domain and topic knowledge. Because of this broader and deeper body of knowledge, learners are able to apply a mixture of surface-level and deep processing strategies.
Becoming a Zionist means more than the acquisition of a body of knowledge of Jewish history, of Hebrew, of developments in Israel. Becoming a Zionist means adopting an action-oriented ideology a way of perceiving the Jewish people and its problems, A change from a non-Zionist to a Zionist position involves a change in perception, values and valences, and action. Such total change is generally achieved by a person's acceptance of a group with the appropriate ideology as his source of reference. In 1942 when news of the Holocaust reached America, he was involved in bringing the news to the public.
International Telematic University Uninettuno introduced Master of Science in Health Management program to be able to deliver the essential knowledge and skills to people who are interested in health sector. The focus is on health management in a global and local environment and the program attracts on a growing body of knowledge and proof to enable evaluations throughout various countries. In 2015 International Telematic University Uninettuno signed the agreement with James Lind Institute. This agreement is part of global collaboration supporting the Master in Health Management and an option of Advanced PG Diplomas, alongside the progression of shared academic paths.
Because of the strict time limit, it is impossible and unnecessary to cram an entire body of knowledge into 10 minutes; the 10-minute lesson can be excerpted from the beginning, middle or end of one lesson. This is designed to provide a snapshot of the teaching method or style of a participant in order to get a fresh perspectives on it from peers. Originally, a micro lesson was video-taped so that the presenter could review it and reflect on it after the presentation. Other participants also would review the tape and provide their feedback on the presentation.
Huang is a respected speaker in the field of human potentiality, on cultural diversity and creative dynamism in global business and education. Huang’s unique style of teaching individuals to fulfill their human potential has garnered accolades and nurtured students of life around the world. This enlivened body of knowledge/wisdom, accumulated and crystallized into gems of structured guiding forces for nearly four decades, are transmitted to those who truly wish to gain this knowledge, wisdom, and expertise in order to become Living Tao Practitioners – perpetual students of lifelong learning who have been, and will become mentors to others.
The PMI serves more than 2.9 million professionals including over 600,000 members in 214 countries and territories around the world, with 300 chapters and 10,000 volunteers serving local members in over 80 countries. Its services include the development of standards, research, education, publication, networking-opportunities in local chapters, hosting conferences and training seminars, and providing accreditation in project management. PMI has recruited volunteers to create industry standards, such as "A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge", which has been recognized by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI). In 2012 ISO adapted the project management processes from the PMBOK Guide 4th edition.
In 1985, Gal founded and subsequently headed the Israeli Institute for Military Studies. In 1993, it was renamed the Carmel Institute for Social Studies. As a non-profit research and policy-making center, the Carmel Institute, situated in the town Zikhron Ya'akov on the slopes of Mount Carmel, conducted research programs and promoted social and psychological projects, both in Israel and internationally. While its main focus was studying and researching a multitude of aspects of the Israeli society from sociological and psychological perspectives, under Gal's personal supervision the Carmel Institute also initiated many international projects based on its body of knowledge.
In The Language War, Lakoff introduced the idea that frames create meanings. She quotes that language (either verbal or nonverbal) and experiences is a “body of knowledge that is evoked in order to provide an inferential base for the understanding of an utterance.” (Levinson, 1983) Frames are ideas that shape expectations and create focuses that are to be seen as truth and common sense. When someone decides to adopt a frame, that person will believe everything within the frame is genuine, and that what she or he learns within the frame becomes what she or he believes is common sense.
Private or community laboratories receive samples from general practitioners, insurance companies, and other health clinics for analysis. A biomedical research facility is where basic research or applied research is conducted to aid the body of knowledge in the field of medicine. Medical research can be divided into two general categories: the evaluation of new treatments for both safety and efficacy in what are termed clinical trials, and all other research that contributes to the development of new treatments. The latter is termed preclinical research if its goal is specifically to elaborate knowledge for the development of new therapeutic strategies.
However, many competency models which have been created are usable in many companies. The most important of these are introduced: 1-Project Manager Competence Development Framework (PMCDF) PMCDF framework, studied since 1997, is the first standard of the Project Management Institute (PMI) addressing the issue of "improving performance of project staff". This standard is an important step in continuing the mission of this association for definition of the body of knowledge supporting project management profession and provision of standards for its application. PMCDF framework aims to help project managers and those interested in project management to manage their profession development.
The premise of PMI is that the tools and techniques of project management are common even among the widespread application of projects from the software industry to the construction industry. In 1981, the PMI Board of Directors authorized the development of what has become A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK), standards and guidelines of practice that are widely used throughout the profession. The International Project Management Association (IPMA), founded in Europe in 1967, has undergone a similar development and instituted the IPMA Project Baseline. Both organizations are now participating in the development of a global project management standard.
F.P. Ramsey (1926) "Truth and Probability", in Ramsey, 1931, The Foundations of Mathematics and other Logical Essays, Ch. VII, p.156-198, edited by R.B. Braithwaite, London: Kegan, Paul, Trench, Trubner & Co., New York: Harcourt, Brace and Company 1999 electronic edition For Ramsey, probability is not related to a disembodied body of knowledge but is related to the knowledge that each individual possesses alone. Thus personal beliefs that are formulated by this individual knowledge govern probabilities, leading to the notions of subjective probability and Bayesian probability. Consequently, subjective probabilities can be inferred by observing actions that reflect individuals' personal beliefs.
Musikinstrumenten-Museum in Leipzig The invention of the piano is credited to Bartolomeo Cristofori (1655–1731) of Padua, Italy, who was employed by Ferdinando de' Medici, Grand Prince of Tuscany, as the Keeper of the Instruments. Cristofori was an expert harpsichord maker, and was well acquainted with the body of knowledge on stringed keyboard instruments; this knowledge of keyboard mechanisms and actions helped him to develop the first pianos. It is not known exactly when Cristofori first built a piano. An inventory made by his employers, the Medici family, indicates the existence of a piano by the year 1700.
In 1988 Paolo Della Grazia, collector of works of the verbo-visual movements since the 1960s, founded the Archivio di Nuova Scrittura (Archive of New Writing, ANS) with the help of Carrega. The ANS continues the experience of the Mercato del Sale, being hosted in the same venue in via Orti 16. The ANS documentation center and library were subsequently expanded and currently constitute an exceptional body of knowledge about the national and international verbo-visual movements. The documentary heritage of the ANS is now part of the Archivio del '900 at the Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art of Trento and Rovereto.
In Australia, under the Australian College of Theology standards, the DMin degree is academically equivalent to a PhD or ThD within the same Australian Qualifications Framework (AQF level 10) research doctoral award which is to "qualify individuals who apply a substantial body of knowledge to research, investigate and develop new knowledge, in one or more fields of investigation, scholarship or professional practice." As such, the admission requirements, length of study, and the overall academic requirements of the three degrees are the same: candidates must submit a final thesis of 80,000-100,000 words in order to complete the degree.
Linsley is BRI's Director of Systems Immunology, and his research on T cell activation in the early 1990s significantly contributed to the body of knowledge that later helped Allison and Honjo pioneer this breakthrough approach. In March 2019, Margaret McCormick, PhD, became BRI’s Executive Director after their previous director, Homer Lane, retired. In June 2019, BRI and Type 1 Diabetes TrialNet showed that an immunotherapy drug called teplizumab delayed T1D for a median of two years for those at high risk for the disease.This is the first time scientists have been able to use a therapy to delay type 1 diabetes.
The Centre for Commercial Law Studies (CCLS) is part of the School of Law of Queen Mary University of London. Established in 1980 by Sir Roy Goode, its mission is to develop a body of knowledge and skills in the areas of commercial law —- arbitration, intellectual property, taxation, financial law, banking law, information technology law and European law —- that can be placed at the service of government, public bodies, overseas institutions, the legal profession, industry and commerce. It includes the Queen Mary Intellectual Property Research Institute (QMIPRI), a centre for research and teaching in the field of intellectual property law, policy and practice.
The body of knowledge of physical therapy is large, and therefore physical therapists may specialize in a specific clinical area. While there are many different types of physical therapy, the American Board of Physical Therapy Specialties lists nine current specialist certifications, the ninth, Oncology, pending for its first examination in 2019. Most Physical Therapists practicing in a specialty will have undergone further training, such as an accredited residency program, although individuals are currently able to sit for their specialist examination after 2,000 hours of focused practice in their respective specialty population, in addition to requirements set by each respective specialty board.
Consequently, the training of clergy in the use of a sacred language becomes an important cultural investment, and their use of the tongue is perceived to give them access to a body of knowledge that untrained lay people cannot (or should not) access. Because sacred languages are ascribed with virtues that the vernacular is not perceived to have, the sacred languages typically preserve characteristics that would have been lost in the course of language development. In some cases, the sacred language is a dead language. In other cases, it may simply reflect archaic forms of a living language.
Modern project management has evolved into a broad variety of knowledge areas described in the Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK). Operations management (related to the fields of production management, operations research and industrial engineering) is a field of science that emerged from the modern manufacturing industry and focuses on modeling and controlling actual work processes. The practice is based upon defining and controlling production systems, which typically consist of a series of inputs, transformational activities, inventory and outputs. Over the last 50 years, project management and operations management have been considered separate fields of study and practice.
The Certified Human Resources Professional (CHRP) designation is a nationally recognized level of achievement within the field of human resources in Canada. The designation represents a commitment to a national standard of excellence, sets a benchmark for the practice of effective human resources, and emphasizes the strategic role of human resource management in business. By achieving the CHRP designation HR professionals indicate they have a thorough understanding of the profession's body of knowledge in Canada, which is encompassed in the eight Required Professional Capabilities (RPCs). The RPCs are based on HR policies and practices in Canada.
The definition of perseverative cognition is: "the repeated or chronic activation of the cognitive representation of one or more psychological stressors". Worry, rumination and all other forms of thought (cognition) involving stressful events, in the past or in the future, fall under the definition of perseverative cognition. 'Just thinking about your problems, without calling it worrying or rumination', is also perseverative cognition, as is mind wandering when it concerns negative topics. Importantly, there is a large body of knowledge about the typical constituents of perseverative cognition, such as worry, rumination, repetitive thinking and (negative) mind wandering (reviewed in Watkins, 2008).
The Universal Service Management Body of Knowledge (USMBOK) — is a single book published by Service Management 101 and endorsed by numerous professional trade associations as the definitive reference for service management. The USMBOK contains a detailed specification of a service system and organization and leverages the rich history of service management as defined within product management and marketing professions. The service organization specification describes seven key knowledge domains, equivalent to roles, and forty knowledge areas, representing areas of practice and skills. Amongst these, within the Service Value Management knowledge domain, are a number of Lean relevant skills, including Lean Thinking and Value Mapping.
Writing in the Journal of Radiological Protection, Jim T. Smith, mentioned negatively in the work, criticized many aspects of Brown's Manual for Survival. He describes Brown's book as "deeply flawed and clearly biased history of the health and environmental impacts of Chernobyl" He criticized Brown for cherry picking writing "One of the major failings of this book is that the vast body of knowledge in the international scientific literature is almost completely ignored - except where it coincides with Brown’s thesis." Jim T. Smith admits in the conflict of interest section of his review, that he is funded by the nuclear industry.
The exploration of the Americas revealed large numbers of new plants and animals that needed descriptions and classification. In the latter part of the 16th century and the beginning of the 17th, careful study of animals commenced and was gradually extended until it formed a sufficient body of knowledge to serve as an anatomical basis for classification. In the late 1740s, Carl Linnaeus introduced his system of binomial nomenclature for the classification of species. Linnaeus attempted to improve the composition and reduce the length of the previously used many-worded names by abolishing unnecessary rhetoric, introducing new descriptive terms and precisely defining their meaning.
The dinnshenchas is the storehouse of this knowledge, but the mentality which it expresses is to be found throughout all phases of Irish literature. It was part of the body of knowledge medieval Irish poets were expected to master, and the importance attached to the material is reflected in its presence in many of the major manuscripts. They are not to be taken literally. For example Dublin, a name derived from the Irish name Dubh Linn, literally the “black pool” where the Dodder meets the Liffey, is re-imagined through the guise of an elaborate legend about a princess who died at the spot where Dublin was built.
The dinnshenchas is the storehouse of this knowledge, but the mentality which it expresses is to be found throughout all phases of Irish literature. It was part of the body of knowledge medieval Irish poets were expected to master, and the importance attached to the material is reflected in its presence in many of the major manuscripts. They are not to be taken literally. For example, Dublin, a name derived from the Irish name Dubh Linn, literally the "black pool" where the Dodder meets the Liffey, is re-imagined through the guise of an elaborate legend about a princess who died at the spot where Dublin was built.
Members of the ACMPE may obtain recognition for their knowledge and experience by becoming Certified Medical Practice Executives (CMPE) or a Fellow of the American College of Medical Practice Executives (FACMPE). Certification (CMPE) requires candidates who have the requisite two years of relevant experience to demonstrate their proficiency through objective and essay examinations and presentations that include content from the Body of Knowledge for Medical Practice Management. Fellowship (FACMPE) requires the submission of a professional paper or series of case studies by members who have already earned the CMPE designation. Both the CMPE and FACMPE status require the maintenance of continuing education credit hours.
In time management, gold plating is the phenomenon of working on a project or task past the point of diminishing returns. For example: after having met the requirements, the project manager or the developer works on further enhancing the product, thinking the customer will be delighted to see additional or more polished features, rather than what was asked for or expected. The customer might be disappointed in the results, and the extra effort by the developer might be futile. Gold plating is also considered a bad project management practice for different project management best practices and methodologies such as Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK) and PRINCE2.
Acoustic emission uses much lower frequencies than traditional ultrasonic testing, and the sensor is typically expected to detect active flaws at distances up to several meters. A large fraction of the structures customarily testing with acoustic emission are fabricated from steel plate - tanks, pressure vessels, pipes and so on. Lamb wave theory is, therefore, the prime theory for explaining the signal forms and propagation velocities that are observed when conducting acoustic emission testing. Substantial improvements in the accuracy of AE source location (a major technique of AE testing) can be achieved through good understanding and skillful utilization of the Lamb wave body of knowledge.
Breyfogle was awarded the ASQ Crosby Medal in 2004 in recognition of his book, Implementing Six Sigma, 2nd edition, in which he used a "cutting- edge approach to traditional Six Sigma methodologies." Implementing Six Sigma, 2nd edition (along with Integrated Enterprise Excellence: Improvement Project Execution: A Management and Black Belt Guide for Going Beyond Lean Six Sigma and the Balanced Scorecard) is referenced in the Lean Six Sigma Body of Knowledge, and is noted as a source for further information for the Six Sigma Black Belt Certification. Lean & Six Sigma World Organization includes Breyfogle on its list of the top twenty authorities on Lean & Six Sigma.
Flags of the World describes itself as "...an Internet group, the sole purpose of which is the advancement of the pursuit of vexillology, that is the creation and development of a body of knowledge about flags and flag usage of all types".Flags of the World mailing list rules, Part 4, Article 1. Both the website and the mailing list operate in the English language, though there are members from around the world and as such information from many languages is translated and included. The mailing list is monitored by the FOTW Listmaster, while work on the website is coordinated by the FOTW Editorial Director.
Davis had studied geology under Nathaniel S. Shaler at Harvard in the 1870s, and was offered a teaching position there in 1878. In 1894 he published Elementary Meteorology, a textbook that was the first to unite and organize a previously uncoordinated body of knowledge in that field. Davis' most profound contribution to scientific knowledge came in his publication in 1912 of a treatise entitled A Reasoned Description of Landforms, in which he provided a template for outlining the genesis, development, and classification of landforms on a global scale. In later publications he described the erosion cycle and other important concepts in understanding the development and lifecycle of landforms.
Education consists of formal institutional instructions. Generally, international instruments use the term in this sense and the right to education, as protected by international human rights instruments, refers primarily to education in a narrow sense. The 1960 UNESCO Convention against Discrimination in Education defines education in Article 1(2) as: "all types and levels of education, (including such) access to education, the standard and quality of education, and the conditions under which it is given." In a wider sense education may describe "all activities by which a human group transmits to its descendants a body of knowledge and skills and a moral code which enable the group to subsist".
The field of global change biology includes investigation of evidence relating to global warming and ocean acidification. Many of the measurable changes in global climate occur in the sea. Coral bleaching is an example of an indicator of change, and scuba diving has provided a large amount of low-impact observational data contributing significantly to the large body of knowledge on the subject over several decades. The field of ocean acidification and the impact of anthropogenic carbon dioxide emission has seen similar growth and most of the cited articles in this field have relied to a significant extent on data collected during scuba diving operations.
Retrieved 2009-11-13 The hospital also was ranked No. 1 in Colorado (and in the top 10 percent nationally) for overall cardiac care, cardiology services and coronary interventional procedures by HealthGrades, Retrieved 2009-12-08 the leading national independent healthcare ratings organization. Porter employs 1,450 people and has a medical staff of more than 1,000 physicians and allied health professionals. The hospital runs a range of community outreach programs including the Kidney Early Evaluation Program, Body of Knowledge Community Seminars, and supports Doctors Care, a program that provides health care to low-income, uninsured Coloradans. They also donate medications, supplies and staff time to overseas medical missions.
These elements are so minutely intermingled as each to lie in very intimate relationship to one another. Their opposite powers alternately conquer and become conquered until a quality is reached which is uniform throughout the whole: this is the complexion.”Edward Grant, A Source Book in Medieval Science (Harvard University Press, 1974), 717. As Matthew Simon writes, “Since it served as a fundamental concept, not only in physiology but also in pathology and therapy, complexion theory provided important support for the idea that medicine constituted a unified and rational body of knowledge.” By observation and judgment, medieval physicians determined the proper complexion of the individual when healthy.
A project plan, according to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK), is: "...a formal, approved document used to guide both project execution and project control. The primary uses of the project plan are to document planning assumptions and decisions, facilitate communication among project stakeholders, and document approved scope, cost, and schedule baselines. A project plan may be summarized or detailed."PMBOK, 2000 Edition The latest edition of the PMBOK (v6) uses the term project charter to refer to the contract that the project sponsor and project manager use to agree on the initial vision of the project (scope, baseline, resources, objectives, etc.) at a high level.
Value engineering is sometimes taught within the project management, industrial engineering or architecture body of knowledge as a technique in which the value of a system’s outputs is optimized by crafting a mix of performance (function) and costs. It is based on an analysis investigating systems, equipment, facilities, services, and supplies for providing necessary functions at the lowest life cycle cost while meeting the required targets in performance, reliability, quality, and safety. In most cases this practice identifies and removes unnecessary expenditures, thereby increasing the value for the manufacturer and/or their customers. VE follows a structured thought process that is based exclusively on "function", i.e.
Nearly two thousand years ago, an Eastern emperor charged a small group with safeguarding a body of knowledge and secrets powerful enough to change the history of mankind. They went down in legend as the Nine Unknown Men--and now two rival factions of the descendants are fighting a mighty battle. Both sides think they are saving the world, but one of them is willing to use horrifying means to accomplish its goals. Now is up to Cabrillo and his team of expert operatives to stop both of them from the destructive path they're on, and save the earth from a dynasty of terror.
And has also described his views on non-Muslims in his paper, Non-Muslims in a Contemporary Islamic State – "It is no addition to the body of knowledge to assert that the Islamic State guarantees non-muslim citizens (Ahl-al-Dhimmah) civil rights in exchange for the protection tax (Jizya)". He has argued that although the collection of zakat is a state responsibility, it may be the responsibility of the Federal government rather than the Emirs of Northern Nigeria. Sanusi has adopted the mainstream position that zakat is an instrument for redistributing income, arguing in favour of giving the role of redistribution to the government.
Several diagnosis classification systems have been implemented to various degrees of success across the world. The various classifications have a focus towards a particular patient encounter type such as emergency, inpatient, outpatient, mental health as well as surgical care. The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD) is one of the most widely used classification systems for diagnosis coding as it allows comparability and use of mortality and morbidity data. As the knowledge of health and medical advances arise, the diagnostic codes are generally revised and updated to match the most up to date current body of knowledge in the field of health.
"With the publication of Black Feminist Thought, black feminism has moved to a new level. Her work sets a standard for the discussion of black women's lives, experiences, and thought that demands rigorous attention to the complexity of these experiences and an exploration of a multiplicity of responses." Black Feminist Thought provides a synthesis of a body of knowledge that is crucial to putting in perspective the situation of Black Women and their place in the overall struggle to reduce and eliminate gender, race, and class inequalities. The book provides an analysis of the ideas of Black Women, particularly those ideas that reflect a consciousness in opposition to oppression.
"Evolutionary epistemology" can also refer to a theory that applies the concepts of biological evolution to the growth of human knowledge and argues that units of knowledge themselves, particularly scientific theories, evolve according to selection. In that case, a theory, like the germ theory of disease, becomes more or less credible according to changes in the body of knowledge surrounding it. Evolutionary epistemology is a naturalistic approach to epistemology, which emphasizes the importance of natural selection in two primary roles. In the first role, selection is the generator and maintainer of the reliability of our senses and cognitive mechanisms, as well as the "fit" between those mechanisms and the world.
The Certification of Capability in Business Analysis (CCBA) designation is a professional certification from International Institute of Business Analysis (IIBA) for business analysis practitioners who want to be recognized for their expertise and skills by earning formal recognition. CCBA recipients are recognized for the investment they have already made in their business analysis careers and allows business analysts to demonstrate their ability to take on greater responsibility. The CCBA exam is based on A Guide to the Business Analysis Body of Knowledge (BABOK Guide) and is available in English and Japanese. The exam is a computer based test with locations all over the world.
The Apprentice Perspective is a holistic field of learning because it involves the education of both the student and the teacher. As the learner develops a schema that begins to incorporate the intricacies of the environment, they will be more capable of performing similarly to their peers. Once this is recognized by the trainer, the student will become accepted as a peer; at this point, as the new worker tackles problems through their new and previously existing schema, their individual talents may start to be applied within the group practices. In this way, apprenticeship retains fresh information and ideas within a common body of knowledge.
Requirements are typically classified into types produced at different stages in a development progression, with the taxonomy depending on the overall model being used. For example, the following scheme was devised by the International Institute of Business Analysis in their Business Analysis Body of Knowledge (see also FURPS and Types of requirements). ; Architectural requirements : Architectural requirements explain what has to be done by identifying the necessary integration of systems structure and systems behavior, i.e., systems architecture of a system. : In software engineering, they are called architecturally significant requirements, which is defined as those requirements that have a measurable impact on a software system’s architecture.
Drawing accompanying text in Book XII of the 16th-century Florentine Codex (compiled 1540–1585), showing Nahua of conquest-era central Mexico suffering from smallpox. Aztec medicine concerns the body of knowledge, belief and ritual surrounding human health and sickness, as observed among the Nahuatl- speaking people in the Aztec realm of central Mexico. The Aztecs knew of and used an extensive inventory consisting of hundreds of different medicinal herbs and plants. A variety of indigenous Nahua and Novohispanic written works survived from the conquest and later colonial periods that describe aspects of the Aztec system and practice of medicine and its remedies, incantations, practical administration, and cultural underpinnings.
In the late 1990s, observations of supernovae determined that not only is the universe expanding, it is expanding at an increasing rate. A better understanding of the acceleration of the universe, or dark energy, has become one of the most important questions in cosmology today. In order to understand the nature of the dark energy, it is important to have a variety of ways of measuring the acceleration. BAO can add to the body of knowledge about this acceleration by comparing observations of the sound horizon today (using clustering of galaxies) to that of the sound horizon at the time of recombination (using the CMB).
Job, Ecclesiastes and the Book of Proverbs belong to the genre of wisdom literature, sharing a perspective that they themselves call the "way of wisdom". Wisdom means both a way of thinking and a body of knowledge gained through such thinking, as well as the ability to apply it to life. It is attainable in part through human effort and in part as a gift from God, but never in its entirety – except by God. The three books share attitudes and assumptions but differ in their conclusions: Proverbs makes confident statements about the world and its workings that are flatly contradicted by Job and Ecclesiastes.
Foundationalism concerns philosophical theories of knowledge resting upon justified belief, or some secure foundation of certainty such as a conclusion inferred from a basis of sound premises.Simon Blackburn, The Oxford Dictionary of Philosophy, 2nd (New York: Oxford University Press, 2005), p 139. The main rival of the foundationalist theory of justification is the coherence theory of justification, whereby a body of knowledge, not requiring a secure foundation, can be established by the interlocking strength of its components, like a puzzle solved without prior certainty that each small region was solved correctly. Identifying the alternatives as either circular reasoning or infinite regress, and thus exhibiting the regress problem, Aristotle made foundationalism his own clear choice, positing basic beliefs underpinning others.
The report put the figure significantly lower—81 percent—for The Wall Street Journal. The misleading statements identified in the report included "dismissals of human-caused climate change, disparaging comments about individual scientists, rejections of climate science as a body of knowledge, and cherry picking of data." A similar 2013 report, also conducted by Union of Concerned Scientists, found that 28% of global warming coverage by Fox News was accurate, a nine-fold increase from the aforementioned report but still significantly behind CNN and MSNBC respectively (70% and 92%). Croft concluded that Fox News coverage glorified the Iraq War and its reporting framed the discussion in such a way as to drown out critics.
Marine Medium Tiltrotor Squadron 263 was activated initially as Marine Helicopter Transport Squadron (HMR-263) on June 16, 1952 and was outfitted with Sikorsky HRS helicopters. For its first two years of operations the squadron was based at Marine Corps Air Station Cherry Point, North Carolina. During these early months the squadron was occupied in proficiency training, which contributed to the growing body of knowledge of rotary wing aircraft and their employment and ultimately became the basis for the doctrine of vertical envelopment then being developed by the Marine Corps. On July 7, 1954, HMR-263 relocated to Marine Corps Air Facility New River, North Carolina, where it remained home based for the next eleven years.
An unschooled child may utilize texts or classroom instruction, but these are not considered central to education. Holt asserted that there is no specific body of knowledge that is, or should be, required of a child. Both unschooling and natural learning advocates believe that children learn best by doing; a child may learn reading to further an interest about history or other cultures, or math skills by operating a small business or sharing in family finances. They may learn animal husbandry keeping dairy goats or meat rabbits, botany tending a kitchen garden, chemistry to understand the operation of firearms or the internal combustion engine, or politics and local history by following a zoning or historical-status dispute.
It was unsuccessful in explaining the nature of matter and its transformations, but, by performing experiments and recording the results, alchemists set the stage for modern chemistry. Chemistry as a body of knowledge distinct from alchemy began to emerge when a clear differentiation was made between them by Robert Boyle in his work The Sceptical Chymist (1661). While both alchemy and chemistry are concerned with matter and its transformations, the crucial difference was given by the scientific method that chemists employed in their work. Chemistry is considered to have become an established science with the work of Antoine Lavoisier, who developed a law of conservation of mass that demanded careful measurement and quantitative observations of chemical phenomena.
The primary purpose of the Business Architecture GuildBusiness Architecture Guild is "to promote best practices and expand the knowledge-base of the business architecture discipline." The Guild is a non-profit, international membership organization for practitioners and others interested in the developing the field of business architecture. With members on six continents, a strong Advisory Board and a growing number of business partners, the Guild positions itself as a focal point for the evolving practices and disciplines of business architecture. Founded in late 2010, the Guild opened up membership in the fall of 2011 based on the initial release of A Guide to the Business Architecture Body of Knowledge(R) (BIZBOK(R) Guide).
Furthermore, Neunkirchen am Potzberg must also be distinguished from Neunkirchen an der Nahe, which like Medard was held by the Bishops of Verdun. Any reference to this relationship that crops up in a document about “Neunkirchen” must always have to do with Neunkirchen an der Nahe. In view of all these revisions to the body of knowledge about “Neunkirchen”, Neunkirchen am Potzberg's first documentary mention must be considered to be a 1329 document kept at the Munich Main State Archive (Hauptstaatsarchiv München), which contains the wording “zu Nunkyrchen”. According to this document, Count Georg I of Veldenz delivered to Dietrich Schwinde von Rittersdorf 100 pounds in Heller to be paid out of a comital estate near Neunkirchen am Potzberg.
Kali for Women, India's first exclusively feminist publishing house, which Butalia co-founded with and Ritu Menon, was set up in 1984 as a trust to increase the body of knowledge on women in the Third World, to give voice to such knowledge as already exists, and to provide a forum for women writers, creative and academics.Puri, Jyoti, Woman, Body, Desire in Postcolonial India: Narratives of Gender and Sexuality (London: Routledge, 1999). In 2003, co-founders Urvashi Butalia and Ritu Menon parted ways due to unresolvable differences. Both went on to set up their own imprints under the banner of Kali for Women, with Menon establishing Women Unlimited and Butalia founding Zubaan Books.
National Registry requires 70 + hours to maintain its certification or one may re-certify through completing the written computer based adaptive testing again (between 90-120 questions) every two years. Paramedicine continues to grow and evolve into a formal profession in its own right, complete with its own standards and body of knowledge, and in many locations paramedics have formed their own professional bodies. The early technicians with limited training, performing a small and specific set of procedures, has become a role beginning to require a foundation degree in countries such as Australia, South Africa, the UK, and increasingly in Canada and parts of the U.S. such as Oregon, where a degree is required for entry level practice.
From its beginning, the university has resisted a focus on "trades and job training" and pursued the traditional ideas of a liberal education according to the model described by John Henry Newman in The Idea of a University. The university's "Core Curriculum" is a collection of approximately twenty courses (two years) of common study covering philosophy, theology, history, literature, politics, economics, mathematics, science, art, and a foreign language. The curriculum not only includes a slate of required courses, but includes specific standardized texts, which permit professors to assume a common body of knowledge and speak across disciplines. Classes in these core subjects typically have an average class size of 16 students to permit frequent discussion.
Dr Rajagopalan has continuously kept himself abreast with the body of knowledge in vector biology. He has received extensive training on arboviruses from 406th SEATO research Centre, Bangkok, at the National Institutes of Health, Tokyo, at theTrinidad Regional Virus Laboratory, Port- of-Spain and at the East African Virus Laboratory in Entebbe in Uganda. He sharpened his knowledge of Malaria vector control at the Malaria Research Institute, Amani in Tanzania and on mosquito taxonomy from P.F.Mattingly at British Museum (Natural History), London. He had the privilege of learning Ecology under Charles Elton at Bureau of Animal Populations, Oxford; and Acarology under Dr Hoogstraal, US Naval Medical Research Unit in Cairo during his career.
The insurance industry also helped promote advancements in the fire engineering profession and the development of fire protection systems and equipment. In 1903 the first degree program in fire protection engineering was initiated as the Armour Institute of Technology (later becoming part of the Illinois Institute of Technology). As the 20th century emerged, several catastrophic fires resulted in changes to buildings codes to better protect people and property from fire. It was only in the latter half of the 20th Century that fire protection engineering emerged as a unique engineering profession. The primary reason for this emergence was the development of the “body of knowledge,” specific to the profession that occurred after 1950.
Although biographer Amir Aczel stressed Bourbaki's influence on other disciplines during the mid-20th century, Maurice Mashaal moderated the claims of Bourbaki's influence in the following terms: The impact of "structuralism" on mathematics itself was also criticized. The mathematical historian Leo Corry argued that Bourbaki's use of mathematical structures was unimportant within the Éléments, having been established in Theory of Sets and cited infrequently afterwards. Corry described the "structural" view of mathematics promoted by Bourbaki as an "image of knowledge"—a conception about a scientific discipline—as opposed to an item in the discipline's "body of knowledge", which refers to the actual scientific results in the discipline itself. Bourbaki also had some influence in the arts.
The First Meditation, subtitled "What can be called into doubt", opens with the Meditator reflecting on the number of falsehoods he has believed during his life and on the subsequent faultiness of the body of knowledge he has built up from these falsehoods. He has resolved to sweep away all he thinks he knows and to start again from the foundations, building up his knowledge once more on more certain grounds. He has seated himself alone, by the fire, free of all worries so that he can demolish his former opinions with care. The Meditator reasons that he need only find some reason to doubt his present opinions in order to prompt him to seek sturdier foundations for knowledge.
The core body of knowledge that defines an area of medical specialization is referred to as the core competencies for that specialty. Core competencies are developed through detailed review of the medical literature combined with review by recognized experts from established medical specialties, experts within the new area of specialization and experts from outside the medical profession. This list of core knowledge and skills is then compiled into a draft core competency document. Once the core competency document is drafted, the certifying organization and its associated professional academy, college or society review the document against the existing literature and again solicit expert opinion regarding the domains of competence and areas of competency contained in the document.
He has consulted for the Rhode Island Office of Innovation, Apple Computer and has served on the board of the American Institute of Architects, the Association for Strategic Planning, and Habitats for Music. Frank was elevated to Fellowship in both the Strategic Planning Society and the American Institute of Architects. He has been a frequent lecturer on the topics of strategy and innovation. He co-authored two of the world's largest and most influential standards for Strategic Management and Strategic Planning, the Association for Strategic Planning's Strategic Planning and Strategic Management Body of Knowledge and its Certification Exam Study Guide and the Institute for Management Accounting's Certified in Strategy and Competitive Analysis program.
Budgeted cost for work performed (BCWP) also called earned value (EV), is the budgeted cost of work that has actually been performed in carrying out a scheduled task during a specific time period.Project Management Institute (1998) A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge - Third Edition 2004. The BCWP is the sum of the budgets for completed work packages and completed portions of open work packages, plus the applicable portion of the budgets for level of effort and apportioned effort.EVM Glossary (The items identified in the Work breakdown structure plus overhead costs, plus costs related in proportion to the planning and performance.) BCWP is a term in Earned value management approach to Project management.
In classical logic Aristotle's three laws, namely, the excluded middle (p or ¬p), non-contradiction ¬ (p ∧ ¬p) and identity (p iff p), are regarded as the same, due to the inter-definition of the connectives. Moreover, traditionally contradictoriness (the presence of contradictions in a theory or in a body of knowledge) and triviality (the fact that such a theory entails all possible consequences) are assumed inseparable, granted that negation is available. These views may be philosophically challenged, precisely on the grounds that they fail to distinguish between contradictoriness and other forms of inconsistency. On the other hand, it is possible to derive triviality from the 'conflict' between consistency and contradictions, once these notions have been properly distinguished.
DS publishes not only manuscripts of firm attribution but also ones that need the attention of further scholarship that traditionally would have been unlikely candidates for reproduction. Because it is web-based, it also allows for updates and corrections, and as a matter of form individual records in DS acknowledge contributions from outside scholars. Because the DS consortium consists of academic, public, and rare book libraries, it encourages a broad audience that benefits from a reciprocally beneficial body of knowledge. While attending to the needs of community of specialists: medievalists, classicists, musicologists, paleographers, diplomatists, literary scholars and art historians, DS also recognizes a public user community that values rare and unique works of historical, literary and artistic significance.
TAKE 2: housing design in Indigenous Australia, Red Hill, The Royal Australian Institute of Architects. The cultural design model attempts to incorporate understandings of differences in Aboriginal cultural norms into housing design. There a large body of knowledge on Indigenous housing in Australia that promotes the provision and design of housing that supports Indigenous residents’ socio-spatial needs, domiciliary behaviours, cultural values and aspirations. The culturally specific needs for Indigenous housing have been identified as major factors in the success of housing and failing to recognise the varying and diverse cultural housing needs of Indigenous peoples have been cited as the reasons for Aboriginal housing failures by academics for a number of decades.
From its creation in 1998, the then-College of Public Affairs (CPAf) has made its mark in the field of development and governance studies. Through the years, CPAf has produced a significant number of graduates and a body of knowledge along institutional, policy and governance issues in the rural sector, in general, and in the agriculture and natural resources sectors, in particular. Under a new name and a strong, dynamic “one-college-one-faculty” structure that helps strengthen and sustain its established innovations, the College of Public Affairs and Development now aims to offer more relevant academic courses and research and extension programs on development and governance studies. CPAf is composed of an institute and two centers.
Cozio's meticulous notes on nearly every instrument that passed through his hands contributed enormously to the body of knowledge surrounding Italian violinmaking. In 1920, a huge collection of original Stradivari family tools, such as wooden models, documents and artisanal equipment for the creation of stringed instruments were purchased from the count's descendants by the violin maker named Giuseppe Fiorini of Bologna in order to create an Italian school of lutherie. However, after failing to do so after ten years, he decided to donate the whole collection to the Town Hall of Cremona in 1930. The municipal administration of Cremona later created the "Stradivarian Room" () inside the Palazzo Affaitati, where all the objects of the Salabue-Fiorini collection were exhibited.
Observatio was the interpretation of signs according to the tradition of the "Etruscan discipline", or as preserved in books such as the libri augurales. A haruspex interpreted fulgura (thunder and lightning) and exta (entrails) by observatio. The word has three closely related meanings in augury: the observing of signs by an augur or other diviner; the process of observing, recording, and establishing the meaning of signs over time; and the codified body of knowledge accumulated by systematic observation, that is, "unbending rules" regarded as objective, or external to an individual's observation on a given occasion. Impetrative signs, or those sought by standard augural procedure, were interpreted according to observatio; the observer had little or no latitude in how they might be interpreted.
In an extension of the second experiment, he measured the rate of triple coincidences as a function of the amount of the lead above the counters. A plot of this rate against thickness, which came to be known as the Rossi curve, showed a rapid rise as the lead layer was increased, followed by a slow decline. These experiments showed that ground- level cosmic rays consist of two components: a "soft" component which is capable of prolific generation of multiple particle events, and a "hard" component which is capable of traversing great thicknesses of lead. At the time, the physical nature of both was a mystery, for they did not yet fit into the growing body of knowledge about nuclear and particle physics.
They are currently working on a science curriculum for K-12 students encompassing multiple aspects of the soil remineralization topic, such as botany, sustainable agriculture, nutrition, and geology. The curriculum draws from information compiled on the organization's website, which happens to contain the only research database entirely dedicated to soil remineralization and related projects around the world. The projects and research papers on the website include information and case studies on "reversing global desertification through agroforestry and reforestation, sequestering carbon, and stabilizing the climate." Working from that body of knowledge, RTE has recently partnered with the University of Brasilia on an agricultural remineralization project, and the University of Massachusetts Amherst on researching combinations of biochar and rock dust, again for agriculture.
Aubrey de Grey, a leading researcher in the field, defines aging as "a collection of cumulative changes to the molecular and cellular structure of an adult organism, which result in essential metabolic processes, but which also, once they progress far enough, increasingly disrupt metabolism, resulting in pathology and death." The current causes of aging in humans are cell loss (without replacement), DNA damage, oncogenic nuclear mutations and epimutations, cell senescence, mitochondrial mutations, lysosomal aggregates, extracellular aggregates, random extracellular cross-linking, immune system decline, and endocrine changes. Eliminating aging would require finding a solution to each of these causes, a program de Grey calls engineered negligible senescence. There is also a huge body of knowledge indicating that change is characterized by the loss of molecular fidelity.
Al-Bustani's intention in these works was to form a common body of knowledge which, though was very French, was considered universal. It was at this time that he came to be known famously as the Master and Father of the Arabic Renaissance. The greater part of his life's work was reviving and creating a love for the Arabic language, bringing Arabic into a place of affluence and utility as a tool for Arabs to express their thoughts and ideas in the modernising world of the 19th century. In 1868, al-Bustani helped found the Syrian Scientific Society al-Ja’miyya al-Ilmiyya al-Suriyya, a group of intellectuals who would be a part of promoting the study of science in educational institutions in Syria.
His national/secular educational agenda in the midst of religious education was paramount to Syria's development. Al-Bustani's contributions to Arab language and literature and his creating a medium and structure to spread his ideas and the ideas of other intellectuals in Syria led to great reforms of literature and moreover created a common body of knowledge for the Arab, a body that was a pre-requisite to modernity and Arab and also, some state, Syrian nationalism. Butrus al-Bustani stands among the reformers that helped push the Middle East into modernity without seeing the reform as primarily Islamic. For he took a non-sectarian approach and worked to bring together both Christians and Muslims into the greater agenda of the revolution of Arab identity and culture.
The Latin word "'", translated in the title as "institutes", may also be translated "instruction", as it was in titles of German translations of the work, and was commonly used in the titles of legal works as well as other summary works covering a large body of knowledge. The title of Desiderius Erasmus's Institutio principis Christiani (1516), which Calvin would have been familiar with, is usually translated The Education of a Christian Prince. The form of the short title of the first edition of Calvin's work, published in 1536 is Christianae religionis institutio. The full title of this edition may be translated The Institute of the Christian Religion, Containing almost the Whole Sum of Piety and Whatever It is Necessary to Know in the Doctrine of Salvation.
The author owns the ideas and data gathered during the research and writing of the reports. After the terms of the fellowship grant were fulfilled, and the resulting reports published, the author was free to produce new and different content (articles, books, films, etc.) from that research, and to sell that content to whomever he or she wishes and keep all rights and proceeds. The Tyee Investigative Fellowship funded investigative research and reporting focused on British Columbia, while The Tyee Solutions Fellowship funded research and reporting on promising attempts at solving problems facing British Columbia (BC). This may include an emerging body of knowledge, small scale experiments or broader initiatives with evident, positive results, and may include reporting outside the province if the findings are applicable here.
Gregory Smith Prince Jr. (born 1939) became Hampshire College's fourth president in 1989 and retired in 2005. In his 15 years at the helm of Hampshire, Prince worked to broaden the public's awareness of the value and role of liberal arts education, reinforcing the understanding that the liberal arts are about developing an attitude of mind, not simply conveying a body of knowledge. Prince built partnerships with organizations outside of education and with K-12 education, stressing the importance of strong relationships between higher education institutions and their surrounding communities and the responsibility of higher education to society as a whole. As president, he envisioned a "Cultural Village," a cluster of independent organizations with complementary missions located around the campus.
VA Geriatric Neurology fellowship The subspecialty of Geriatric neurology is defined by its expertise in the diagnosis, treatment, and care of neurological conditions that affect elderly and by its unique body of knowledge regarding the aging nervous system, its vulnerability to specific neurological disorders, and its influence on the prevalence and expression of neurological disease. Neurologists are called with increasing frequency to provide care for older adults. As the number of elderly in the population increases, there will be a concomitant increase in the prevalence of acute and chronic neurological disorders associated with advancing age. Through training fellowships, the neurological community will endeavor to master, codify and transfer the knowledge and skills to effectively care for the elderly with neurological disorders.
His pioneering work on the role of migratory birds in spreading disease vectors as part of the investigation into KFD, conducted under the supervision of the eminent ornithologist the late Dr Salim Ali, led to his doctoral degree from Pune University. He was then assigned as a Senior Scientist to the World Health Organisation Project on Genetic Control of Mosquitoes in New Delhi, during which time he expanded the body of knowledge on mosquito population behaviour. In 1975 he was posted to Pondicherry where he founded the Vector Control Research Centre - a research centre set up to study ecological control of vector borne diseases. The VCRC, under his leadership, contributed significantly to the control of Japanese Encephalitis in Burdwan District.
The 'Chartered Financial Analyst' designation will be conferred only on completion of MFA (Master in Financial Analysis) or Groups Alpha, Beta, Gamma and Delta of MS Finance post graduate programs offered by the ICFAI University under Flexible Mode. The CFA Program offered by the ICFAI University, Tripura is a unique program covering the areas of financial markets, financial analysis, valuation of assets, portfolio management, mutual and other funds and professional ethics. The CFA Program has been developed in the context of the present and future needs of the investment industry and the CFA profession. The core body of knowledge of the CFA Program includes current and evolving concepts, techniques and applications, and also providing the flavor of the frontiers of knowledge.
Physicians who hold board certification in disaster medicine have demonstrated by written and simulator-based examination that through training and field experience, they have mastered the spectrum of knowledge and skills which defines the specialty of disaster medicine. As with all medical specialties, this body of knowledge and skills is contained in the core competencies document created and maintained by the American Board of Disaster Medicine and the American Academy of Disaster Medicine. As with all core competencies documents, the specific knowledge and skills required for certification are subject to constant refinement and evolution. This statement cannot be more true than for a specialty like disaster medicine where the nature of the threats faced, the responses undertaken, and the lessons learned become more complex with each event.
Her celebratedTrésors de monnaies phéniciennes et circulation monétaire (Ve-IVe siècles avant J.-C.) [Treasures of Phoenician coins and monetary circulation (5th-4th centuries B.C.)] showcases 75 Phoenician coin treasure troves among which 20 that were unpublished. The work highlights aspects of the economic and political history of Phoenician and ancient Near-Eastern cities in the 4th and 5th centuries BC; it delves into and adds new chronological data to the political and economic context of the first bronze coins production, circulation, control and production workshops. This research was followed up by her 2016 Phoenician Coinages, a body of knowledge completely dedicated to mainland Phoenicia numismatics under the Persian hegemony.Mainland Phoenicia is the area located around coastal modern Lebanon and parts of the Syrian littoral.
The Diamond Approach is described as a "response to an important need that is being felt in many quarters, a need for a spiritually informed psychology, or conversely, for a psychologically grounded spirituality. This perspective does not separate psychological and spiritual experience, and hence sees no dichotomy between depth psychology and spiritual work... This body of knowledge is not an integration or synthesis of modern depth psychology and traditional spiritual understanding. The inclination to think in terms of integration of the two is due to the prevailing belief in the dichotomy between the fields of psychology and spirituality, a dichotomy in which the Diamond Mind understanding does not participate." (Almaas)Almaas, A. H. The Void: Inner Spaciousness and Ego Structure, Shambhala Publications, Boston MA, 1986.
Though the most mission critical business process for CMG was always selling consulting services, the company also had a large internal IT department to service the company's infrastructure and manage services for large customer applications. One of the most popular applications which it developed and sold for decades, was PAYFACT, a payroll and HR reporting system that gained widespread use in the Netherlands in the 1990s. Another popular service was short message service centers for mobile telephone operators, using the proprietary EMI protocol. Such large-scale service offerings were managed thanks to strict adherence to Commander, and when Commander did not have the answer, the Commander body of knowledge was extended with the contribution of the company with the specific demand.
Vargas also served as a reviser to the project management manual A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK) published by PMI and chaired the Translation Verification Committee for the Guide's Brazilian Portuguese translation in 2000 and 2004. From 2012 to 2016, Vargas worked as Director of infrastructure and project management at the United Nations Office for Project Services (UNOPS) where he was responsible for an annual budget of 1 billion dollars and headed a team of 300 project managers. One of his responsibilities was to create adequate infrastructure and adequate conditions in war refugee camps to receive migrants who found themselves obligated to leave their country of origin. In 2017, he became the Executive Director of Brightline Initiative.
He states that each has its own science and the former is desirable in its own right "even though it does not attain the result given by its combination with the second". This is taken to demonstrate Ptolemy's view that astronomy and astrology are complementary studies, so that whilst astrology is less self-sufficient and factual, its employment makes the practice of astronomy more useful.Lehoux (2006) footnote 28: "Older versions of the history of astronomy tended to make great hay of Ptolemy's separating his astronomy and astrology into two books (the Almagest and the Tetrabiblos), as though that pointed to doubts Ptolemy had about astrology as a body of knowledge. But Ptolemy is clear that even if it is less certain, astrology is more useful than astronomy".
In project management, resource smoothing is defined by A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide) as a "resource optimization technique in which free and total float are used without affecting the critical path" of a project. Resource smoothing as a resource optimization technique has only been introduced in the Sixth Edition of the PMBOK Guide (since 2017) and did not exist in its previous revisions. It is posed as an alternative and a distinct resource optimization technique beside resource leveling. The main difference between resource leveling and resource smoothing is that while resource leveling uses the available float, thus may affect a critical path, resource smoothing uses free and total float without affecting any of the critical paths.
The National Education Trust organizes a range of activities based around three main aims: to provide a national resource for sharing best practice; to provide high quality school improvement and continuing professional development training; and to contribute to national policy discussions. To promote the sharing of best practice, NET has built a network of advocacy schools that demonstrate aspirational nature and form a body of knowledge that other schools can benefit from. The trust holds ‘Invitation Seminars’, where leaders from other schools can visit advocacy schools and gain knowledge of best practice. Another important project has been that run in conjunction with the Inner Temple, aiming at raising the awareness of children to the opportunities inherent in a legal career.
The place demonstrates rare, uncommon or endangered aspects of Queensland's cultural heritage. Such extensive and early use of granite kerbing and channelling, illustrating the confidence and optimism of local business and civic leaders in the future of Cooktown in the late 19th century, is unknown in any other town of far North Queensland, and therefore is significant for its rarity value. The place has potential to yield information that will contribute to an understanding of Queensland's history. As some Cooktown street levels have been raised, there is the possibility that sub-strata kerbing and channelling exist with the potential to extend the current body of knowledge about this early civic work and the work of the Cooktown Municipal Council in general.
The Certified Professional Organizer (CPO) designation is an experience and exam-based certification for professionals who have met specific minimum standards, and proven through examination and client interaction that they possess the requisite body of knowledge and experience. Prior to sitting for the examination, a CPO candidate must be prepared to verify employment as a professional organizer preceding the exam date. The CPO designation indicates that an individual has the knowledge, experience and skills necessary to teach, transfer or demonstrate organizing skills to facilitate and support a client’s overall personal and/or business goals. The Board of Certification for Professional Organizers (BCPO) examination presumes that candidates possess and maintain the level of education and experience required for certification as outlined in the eligibility requirements section of the BCPO web site.
Although endogenous regeneration methods are showing some promising evidence in treating brain ischemia, the current body of knowledge regarding promoting and inhibiting endogenous regeneration is not sufficient to treat Parkinson's disease. Both extrinsic and intrinsic modulation of pathological and physiological stimulation prevent the progenitor cell from differentiating into dopamine cells. Further research must be done to understand factors that affect progenitor cell differentiation in order to treat Parkinson's disease. Despite the difficulties in replacing compromised dopamine neurons through endogenous sources, recent work suggests that pharmacological activation of endogenous neural stem cells or neural precursor cells results in powerful neuronal rescue and motor skill improvements through a signal transduction pathway that involves the phosphorylation of STAT3 on the serine residue and subsequent Hes3 expression increase (STAT3-Ser/Hes3 Signaling Axis).
At present the only holder of the rank Provost is former ARMA Deputy Director Aaron Pynynberg (now no longer part of ARMA). The ARMA considers it highly inappropriate at this juncture to consider naming any ARMA practitioner a "Master" of these extinct arts, as the ARMA believes that the restoration of Medieval and Renaissance martial arts is still in its infancy and no modern practitioner has contributed to the art enough to claim the title of "Master". Modern "Masters" "It is a historical fact that there are not now, nor have there been for several centuries, any "Masters" of Medieval or Renaissance fighting arts." Outside of this system, there is a purely academic distinction called "Senior Researcher" that is granted to ARMA scholars who contribute significantly to the general body of knowledge on historical fencing.
It is a discipline because a body of knowledge is used to inform practitioners as to the most effective way to design the system within a set of constraints. A hardware architecture is primarily concerned with the internal electrical (and, more rarely, the mechanical) interfaces among the system's components or subsystems, and the interface between the system and its external environment, especially the devices operated by or the electronic displays viewed by a user. (This latter, special interface, is known as the computer human interface, AKA human computer interface, or HCI; formerly called the man-machine interface.) Integrated circuit (IC) designers are driving current technologies into innovative approaches for new products. Hence, multiple layers of active devices are being proposed as single chip, opening up opportunities for disruptive microelectronic, optoelectronic, and new microelectromechanical hardware implementation.
Once the body of knowledge was established, IIBA created the Certified Business Analysis Professional (CBAP) designation to recognise senior business analysts who could demonstrate in-depth long-term experience in these knowledge areas (5–10 years in a dedicated business analyst role). IIBA also offers the Certification of Competency on Business Analysis (CCBA) designation that recognizes Business Analysts with 3750 hours business analysis experience, including 900 hours experience in two knowledge areas or 500 hours experience in four knowledge areas, and 21 professional development hours. For both certifications above the applicant must have a minimum high school education (or equivalent), two references from a career manager, client or Certified Business Analyst Professional and sign the IIBA Code of Conduct. IIBA also offers the Entry Certificate in Business Analysis (ECBA) that does not require a reference.
Interview reprinted in The H Persuasion, Sheldon Kranz, editor,(New York: Definition Press, 1971), "Aesthetic Realism is the first body of knowledge which presents a way of seeing the world that incidentally affects one in terms of the way one sees women…so that one can be permanently heterosexual."Elmhurst Press (Elmhurst, Illinois), "Aesthetic Realism Ends Homosexuality," August 17, 1983, "Five formerly homosexual men…appeared with David [Susskind] and told how they had changed from homosexuality to heterosexuality with the help of a program of Aesthetic Realism developed by Eli Siegel…It is not just for homosexuals but everyone who may feel he or she would like to make some changes." A fundamental principle of the philosophy is that every person is in a fight between contempt for the world and respect for it.
In 1957, the UK government formed the Technical Support Unit (TSU) of HM Treasury to evaluate and advise on computers, initially based around engineers from the telecommunications service. As this unit evolved, it morphed into the Central Computer and Telecommunications Agency, which also had responsibilities as a central procurement body for government technological equipment. CCTA's work during the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s was primarily to (a) develop central government IT professionalism, (b) create a body of knowledge and experience in the successful development and implementation of IS/IT within UK central government (c) to brief Government Ministers on the opportunities for use of IS/IT to support policy initiatives (e.g. "Citizen's Charter" / "e-government") and (d) to encourage and assist UK private sector companies to develop and offer products and services aligned to government needs.
The terms "real good" and "right desire" cannot be defined apart from each other, and thus their definitions would contain some degree of circularity, but the stated self-evident truth indicates a meaning particular to the ideas sought to be understood, and it is (the moral cognitivist might claim) impossible to think the opposite without a contradiction. Thus combined with other descriptive truths of what is good (goods in particular considered in terms of whether they suit a particular end and the limits to the possession of such particular goods being compatible with the general end of the possession of the total of all real goods throughout a whole life), a valid body of knowledge of right desire is generated.See for example Ruggiero, Thinking Critically about Ethical Issues, 5th ed., Ch. 6.
"Truth or Consequences: 10 Myths that Cripple Competitive Intelligence", Competitive Intelligence Magazine, 3(1), 37–40. CI draws on a wider variety (primary and secondary) of sources from a wider range of stakeholders (suppliers, competitors, distributors, substitutes and media) to answer existing questions, raise new ones and guide action. Ben Gilad and Jan Herring lay down a set of prerequisites defining CI, distinguishing it from other information-rich disciplines such as market research or business development. They show that a common body of knowledge and a unique set of tools (key intelligence topics, business war games and blindspots analysis) distinguish CI; while other sensory activities in a commercial firm focus on one segment of the market (customers, suppliers or acquisition targets), CI synthesizes data from all high-impact players (HIP).
Business–IT alignment (B/I alignment) is a process in which a business organization uses information technology (IT) to achieve business objectives, typically improved financial performance or marketplace competitiveness. Some definitions focus more on outcomes (the ability of IT to produce business value) than means (the harmony between IT and business decision-makers within the organizations); for example, > alignment is the capacity to demonstrate a positive relationship between > information technologies and the accepted financial measures of > performance.What is Alignment? Alignment is The Delivery Of The Required > Results This alignment is in contrast to what is often experienced in organizations: IT and business professionals unable to bridge the gap between themselves because of differences in objectives, culture, and incentives and a mutual ignorance for the other group's body of knowledge.
Logo of alt=Logo combining the male and female symbols and an equal sign in the centre to denote gender equality, as used in the fifth Sustainable Development Goal which addresses Gender Equality Women's health is positioned within a wider body of knowledge cited by, amongst others, the World Health Organization, which places importance on gender as a social determinant of health. While women's health is affected by their biology, it is also affected by their social conditions, such as poverty, employment, and family responsibilities, and these aspects should not be overshadowed. Women have traditionally been disadvantaged in terms of economic and social status and power, which in turn reduces their access to the necessities of life including health care. Despite recent improvements in western nations, women remain disadvantaged with respect to men.
Shingo, Shigeo (1986) Zero Quality Control Productivity Press It was the synthesis of all these factors and influences that lead Dr. Galsworth to develop and codify the many threads of visuality into a coherent methodology of the visual workplace. The visual workplace, then, is an overall operational strategy and philosophy, geared to help organizations continually achieve their goals through visual devices and systems. Galsworth continues to be the main driving force behind the practice and articulation of workplace visuality, along with a network of individuals and companies loosely coupled as visual workplace practitioners around the world. The visual workplace is a large body of knowledge and know- how, with a strong guiding philosophy of continuous improvement with an emphasis on the centrality of the individual in the prosperity of the enterprise.
Furthermore, he has contributed significantly in understanding the bluff body flows. His work on large-eddy simulation of flow past bluff bodies and heat transfer in impinging jets have been deeply admired by the scientific community. Contributions of Prof. Biswas pertaining to handling free surface flows and some of his investigations related to prediction of bubble growth in film boilingJournal: Physics of Fluids, Volume: 28, Pages: 052102-1- 052102-18, Year: 2016 are considered to be path breaking. Prof. Biswas and co-researchers analyzed impact of falling drops on a liquid surfaceJournal: Journal of Fluid Mechanics, Volume: 655, Pages: 72-104, Year: 2010 Journal: Journal of Fluid Mechanics, Volume: 768, Pages: 492-523, Year: 2015 and made fundamental contributions to the body of knowledge related to partial coalescence and the transition between coalescence and splashing.
Berger has managerial knowledge in financial institutions managing $700 million for high-net-worth individuals with Bank Leumi, Israel's second largest bank, owned an investment house named Sphere Portfolio Management (1995), managing around 700 million NIS that was sold in 2010 to Sigma Investment house, part of the And Bank Group, and represented CAIB, the investment arm of Bank Austria in Israel through Gaon Holdings. Before that, he was the marketing manager of Carmel Wines in the UK for 6 years. From 2010 he is an advisor for small companies through the Ministry of Industry and Trade (MAOF). For two years he was a member of the Body Of Knowledge Working Group, Financial Standards Board, US, and was the chairman of the Ethics Committee of the Chartered Planning Board in Israel.
Part of the argument was that rhetoric remained the last element of irrationality, driven by religious arguments, in what was perceived as inimical to Republican education. The move, initiated in 1789, found its resolution in 1902 when rhetoric was expunged from all curricula. At the same time, Aristotelian rhetoric, owing to a revival of Thomistic philosophy initiated by Rome, regained ground in what was left of Catholic education in France, in particular at the prestigious Faculty of Theology of Paris, now a private entity. Yet, rhetoric vanished substantially from the French scene, educational or intellectual, for some 60 years. In the early 1960s a change began to take place, as the word rhetoric and the body of knowledge it covers began to be used again, in a modest and almost secret manner.
The recurring primitive formulas Frye noticed in his survey of the "greatest classics" provide literature with an order of words, a "skeleton" which allows the reader "to respond imaginatively to any literary work by seeing it in the larger perspective provided by its literary and social contexts" (Hamilton 20). Frye identifies these formulas as the "conventional myths and metaphors" which he calls "archetypes" (Spiritus Mundi 118). The archetypes of literature exist, Frye argues, as an order of words, providing criticism with a conceptual framework and a body of knowledge derived not from an ideological system but rooted in the imagination itself. Thus, rather than interpreting literary works from some ideological 'position' — what Frye calls the "superimposed critical attitude" (Anatomy 7) — criticism instead finds integrity within the literary field itself.
The Master of Science in Cyber-Physical and Embedded Systems offers exclusive challenging opportunities to application designers and system developers, by integrating different areas such as microelectronics, physical modeling, computer science, machine learning, telecommunication and control, and focusing on the most advanced applications. Meeting the real need for an interdisciplinary approach, the teaching plan equips talented students with a unique body of knowledge in the area of cyber- physical and embedded systems. The educational model focuses on a system-level methodological perspective as well as on the development of interpersonal skills proven to be indispensable in today's industry, such as teamwork, marketing and management strategies. ALaRI research activities focus on topics of great scientific interest and industrial applicability, based on real-life design methodologies taking into account system properties such as performance, dependability, intelligence, security and energy efficiency.
He developed a method for determining earthquake epicenters and constructed curves giving the travel times of seismic waves over distances of up to 10,000 miles from the source. He also proposed the construction of a new type of seismograph for recording the ground horizontal movement, but due to lack of funds the project was never realized. As early as 1909 Mohorovičić started giving lectures that both architects and building contractors should follow, ahead of his time setting some of the basic principles of earthquake-resistant design. Mohorovičić's theories were visionary and were only truly understood many years later from detailed observations of the effects of earthquakes on buildings, deep focus earthquakes, locating earthquake epicenters, Earth models, seismographs, harnessing the energy of the wind, hail defence and other related elements of the geological body of knowledge known as geoscience.
Communication studies or communication sciences is an academic discipline that deals with processes of human communication and behavior, patterns of communication in interpersonal relationships, social interactions and communication in different cultures. Communication is commonly defined as giving, receiving or exchanging ideas, information, signals or messages through appropriate media, enabling individuals or groups to persuade, to seek information, to give information or to express emotions effectively. Communication studies is a social science that uses various methods of empirical investigation and critical analysis to develop a body of knowledge that encompasses a range of topics, from face-to-face conversation at a level of individual agency and interaction to social and cultural communication systems at a macro level. Scholarly communication theorists focus primarily on refining the theoretical understanding of communication, examining statistics in order to help substantiate claims.
The aim of PeaceworkersResearch is to establish a body of knowledge about what has or has not "worked" in different situations of violent conflict. Research activities include field-based personnel assessments and surveys as well as in-house data analysis, tapping into a comprehensive network of individuals and organisations in the field. Why best placed: Peaceworkers UK is best placed to do this work because it has been developing this integrated programme of recruitment, training and assessment for the past five years and has built up an unparalleled understanding of the personal qualities, skills and knowledge needed to work effectively across a range of work categories in this field. It has already begun developing and obtaining wide agreement on a set of appropriate occupational standards together with a tried and tested methodology for training and assessing people against those standards.
In the early 19th century a dentist was culturally understood as a tradesman, as opposed to a professional in the medical sense. Most dentists had either learned their trade through apprenticeships or simply offered their services to the public as self-proclaimed experts. Harvard School of Dental Medicine Even physicians and surgeons had once been tradesmen; for example, in the Middle Ages, many barbers were also surgeons by trade. The advent of science was a principal factor in the professionalization of medicine and surgery, because as scientific knowledge of biology, chemistry, and physiology advanced, it became necessary to be educated academically in order to master the full body of knowledge in medicine; as medicine changed from an art to a mixture of applied science and art, it became something qualitatively different from the folk medicine or traditional medicine that it had earlier been.
In particular, his opponents were keen to develop a body of knowledge in this area to allow them to counteract a masterful individual with a highly competent group of officers, a General Staff. The two most significant students of his work were Carl von Clausewitz, a Prussian with a background in philosophy, and Antoine-Henri Jomini, who had been one of Napoleon's staff officers. One notable exception to Napoleon's strategy of annihilation and a precursor to trench warfare were the Lines of Torres Vedras during the Peninsular War. French Armies lived off the land and when they were confronted by a line of fortifications which they could not out flank, they were unable to continue the advance and were forced to retreat once they had consumed all the provisions of the region in front of the lines.
An important hallmark of the association's mission and activities includes assuring professional excellence in the services rendered by members. In its Code of Ethics, ADEC declares "The Association envisions a world in which dying, death, and bereavement are recognized as fundamental and significant aspects of the human experience. Therefore, the Association, ever committed to being on the forefront of thanatology, provides a home for professionals from diverse backgrounds to advance the body of knowledge and to promote practical applications of research and theory." The association publishes an encyclopedia containing state-of-the science perspectives on the field of thanatology, hosts regular web seminars and conferences for the education of professionals in death education and counseling, creates partnerships with universities and other organizations, and has created a credentialing program to provide a type of board certification for practitioners in the field.
The National Housing Endowment, the philanthropic arm of NAHB, is a 501(c)3 non-profit organization dedicated to helping the housing industry develop more effective approaches to home building, enhancing education and training for future generations of leaders in residential construction and increasing the body of knowledge on housing issues. The Home Builders Institute, formerly NAHB Manpower, is a non-profit organization with a mission to provide education, career development, training, and placement of men and women serving the building industry. HBI runs training and career development programs at schools, military bases and veterans centers, correctional facilities, and in facilities in cooperation with state and local jobs programs. Home Innovation Research Labs is an independent subsidiary of NAHB with a mission to perfect the home by helping clients improve the quality, durability, affordability, and environmental performance of homes and home building products.
Since its inception, the Academy of Neuroscience for Architecture, and the body of knowledge connecting neuroscience and architecture, has grown substantially. The work of ANFA has been noted in numerous publications and broadcasts including: AIArchitect, A & E Perspectives, Architectural Record, BrainWork, Cerebrum, Engineering News Record, Inside Knowledge, the International Interior Design Association's Perspective, Interiors & Sources, The National Institute of Building Sciences' Whole Building Design Guide, National Public Radio's Science Friday, Scientific American, and the Washington Business Journal among others. Currently, ANFA’s Board of Directors is composed of 17 renowned neuroscientists and architects from all around the United States of America. ANFA strives to foster collaboration among neuroscientists and architects to explore, through scientific methods, the range of human experiences with elements of architecture, to organize and validate the information that results from this collaboration and to disseminate it to emerging professionals, and students.
It can thus be said that complex system theory is a more important 'intellectual parent' of SES. However, due to the social context in which SES research has been placed, and the possibility of SES research translating into recommendations that will affect real people, SES research has been considerable more ‘self-conscious’ and more ‘pluralistic’ in its perspectives than complexity theory has ever acknowledged. Studying SESs from a complex system perspective is a fast- growing interdisciplinary field which can be viewed as an attempt to link different disciplines into a new body of knowledge that can be applied to solve some of the most serious environmental problems today. Management processes in the complex systems can be improved by making them adaptive and flexible, able to deal with uncertainty and surprise, and by building capacity to adapt to change.
As shown by Mundy and McLean (1998), contingent valuation is now widely accepted as a real estate appraisal technique, particularly in contaminated property or other situations where revealed preference models (i.e. transaction pricing) fail due to disequilibrium in the market.See, for example, Bill Mundy and Dave McLean, The Addition of Contingent Valuation and Conjoint Analysis to the Required Body of Knowledge for the Estimation of Environmental Damage to Real Estate, The Journal of Real Estate Practice and Education, 1998, McLean, Mundy, and Kilpatrick (1999) demonstrate the acceptability of contingent valuation in real estate expert testimony,Dave McLean, Bill Mundy, and John A. Kilpatrick, Summation of Evidentiary Rules for Real Estate Experts Mandated by Daubert v. Merrill Dow Pharmaceuticals, Real Estate Issues,1999, and the current standards for use of contingent valuation in litigation situations is described by Diamond (2000).
The place is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a particular class of cultural places The house in its garden setting remains comparatively intact and a good example of a well- designed 19th century middle-class villa. It is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of its class, including planning, use of materials, decorative detailing, riverside location and the retention and layout of the grounds, including the early carriageway, tennis court and plantings. The building is a fine example of the mature domestic work of F.D.G. Stanley and contributes to the body of knowledge about the work of this prolific and influential Queensland architect. The place is important because of its aesthetic significance The building has aesthetic value as a well-composed, picturesque residence influenced by Gothic revival architecture popular during the second half of the 19th century.
In China, psychological understanding grew from the philosophical works of Laozi and Confucius, and later from the doctrines of Buddhism. This body of knowledge involves insights drawn from introspection and observation, as well as techniques for focused thinking and acting. It frames the universe as a division of, and interaction between, physical reality and mental reality, with an emphasis on purifying the mind in order to increase virtue and power. An ancient text known as The Yellow Emperor's Classic of Internal Medicine identifies the brain as the nexus of wisdom and sensation, includes theories of personality based on yin–yang balance, and analyzes mental disorder in terms of physiological and social disequilibria. Chinese scholarship focused on the brain advanced in the Qing Dynasty with the work of Western-educated Fang Yizhi (1611–1671), Liu Zhi (1660–1730), and Wang Qingren (1768–1831).
In particular, his opponents were keen to develop a body of knowledge in this area to allow them to counteract a masterful individual with a highly competent group of officers, a General Staff. The two most significant students of his work were Carl von Clausewitz, a Prussian with a background in philosophy, and Antoine-Henri Jomini, who had been one of Napoleon's staff officers. One notable exception to Napoleon's strategy of annihilation and a precursor to trench warfare were the Lines of Torres Vedras during the Peninsular War. French Armies lived off the land and when they were confronted by a line of fortifications which they could not out flank, they were unable to continue the advance and were forced to retreat once they had consumed all the provisions of the region in front of the lines.
In 1886 Threlfall was appointed to the chair of physics at the University of Sydney. He was exactly the right person to bring its somewhat moribund teaching into line with the best modern practice, for his training had instilled in him the latest vision of the subject: a body of knowledge expressed in the language of mathematics, but grounded upon laboratory practice characterized by ever-increasing precision of measurement. Despite having lost several fingers while experimenting with explosives, Threlfall was an outstanding manipulator of apparatus whom Thomson regarded as "one of the best experimenters I ever met". Fired with a passion for research and a determination to create in Sydney a major centre of physical inquiry, immediately upon his arrival Threlfall launched an extensive series of projects using equipment he had bought, without authorization, in Europe.
One of the main problems when generating hypotheses on the formation and evolution of objects in the Solar System is the lack of samples that can be analysed in the laboratory, where a large suite of tools are available and the full body of knowledge derived from terrestrial geology can be brought to bear. Direct samples from the Moon, asteroids and Mars are present on Earth, removed from their parent bodies and delivered as meteorites. Some of these have suffered contamination from the oxidising effect of Earth's atmosphere and the infiltration of the biosphere, but those meteorites collected in the last few decades from Antarctica are almost entirely pristine. The different types of meteorites that originate from the asteroid belt cover almost all parts of the structure of differentiated bodies: meteorites even exist that come from the core-mantle boundary (pallasites).
Some of the notable people who carried forward the aims and objectives of the society at that time were Eric Wigglesworth, Samuel Barclay, Sol Freedman, Frank Kuffer, Roger Smith, Cip Corva, Hilton Ludekens and Fred Catlin. In 1977, the SIA joined with the (then) South Melbourne Technical School in establishing a specialist resource collection in the field of industrial safety and health. This library became the most comprehensive research resource available for safety professionals and was maintained by Institute Members for many years. This commitment to providing high quality resources to the profession is reflected today in the Institute's role of maintaining the OHS Body of Knowledge. In 1981, the SIA played a major role in launching the Ballarat College of Advanced Education’s Occupational Hazard Management course, the first tertiary level (Graduate Diploma) course of its kind.
GARANT is a comprehensive, fully cross- referenced legal information resource, with the following elements: The GARANT System – a legal information database, updated daily, providing for quick and precise searches, complex analysis of a legal situation, and keeping abreast of changes in legislation in an online format. PRIME – a daily individualised information feed that contains legal news and hundreds of thousands of commentaries on legal acts and court practice, and that enables creating overviews of changes in the legislation. Legal Consulting – access to a unique body of knowledge of experts in legal consulting: to solutions of tens of thousands of real practical situations, with the option of receiving individual written consultations. All-Russia Satellite Online-Seminars – interactive participation in seminars given by authoritative specialists in Moscow broadcast to other towns and cities throughout Russia, incorporating the possibility of getting answers to questions asked through the system.
Nietzsche believes that this transcendence also had a parallel growth in Christianity, which prioritized life-denying moral qualities such as humility and obedience through the church. (See Beyond Good and Evil, On the Genealogy of Morals, The Twilight of the Idols, The Antichrist, etc.) Anthropologists such as Ruth Benedict (1887–1948) have cautioned observers against ethnocentricism—using the standards of their own culture to evaluate their subjects of study. Benedict said that transcendent morals do not exist—only socially constructed customs do (see cultural relativism); and that in comparing customs, the anthropologist "insofar as he remains an anthropologist ... is bound to avoid any weighting of one in favor of the other". To some extent, the increasing body of knowledge of great differences in belief among societies caused both social scientists and philosophers to question whether any objective, absolute standards pertaining to values could exist.
Certified Software Development Professional (CSDP) is a vendor-neutral professional certification in software engineering developed by the IEEE Computer Society for experienced software engineering professionals. This certification was offered globally since 2001 through Dec. 2014. The certification program constituted an element of the Computer Society's major efforts in the area of Software engineering professionalism, along with the IEEE-CS and ACM Software Engineering 2004 (SE2004) Undergraduate Curricula Recommendations, and The Guide to the Software Engineering Body of Knowledge (SWEBOK Guide 2004), completed two years later. As a further development of these elements, to facilitate the global portability of the software engineering certification, since 2005 through 2008 the International Standard ISO/IEC 24773:2008 "Software engineering -- Certification of software engineering professionals -- Comparison framework" ISO/IEC 24773:2008 "Software engineering -- Certification of software engineering professionals -- Comparison framework", 2008-09-01, ISO/IEC, 2008, vi+7 pp.
Basic RDF triple comprising (subject, predicate, object). The body of knowledge modeled by a collection of statements may be subjected to reification, in which each statement (that is each triple subject-predicate-object altogether) is assigned a URI and treated as a resource about which additional statements can be made, as in "Jane says that John is the author of document X". Reification is sometimes important in order to deduce a level of confidence or degree of usefulness for each statement. In a reified RDF database, each original statement, being a resource, itself, most likely has at least three additional statements made about it: one to assert that its subject is some resource, one to assert that its predicate is some resource, and one to assert that its object is some resource or literal. More statements about the original statement may also exist, depending on the application's needs.
Using a term such as "transformation" may give the impression that theories of transformational generative grammar are intended as a model of the processes by which the human mind constructs and understands sentences, but Chomsky clearly stated that a generative grammar models only the knowledge that underlies the human ability to speak and understand, arguing that because most of that knowledge is innate, a baby can have a large body of knowledge about the structure of language in general and so need to learn only the idiosyncratic features of the language(s) to which it is exposed. Chomsky is not the first person to suggest that all languages have certain fundamental things in common. He quoted philosophers who posited the same basic idea several centuries ago. But Chomsky helped make the innateness theory respectable after a period dominated by more behaviorist attitudes towards language.
The Royal Award for Islamic Finance (RAIF) is an international award that is held every 2 years to recognise one exceptional individual who has excelled in advancing Islamic finance globally through outstanding performance and contribution. The Royal Award provides further impetus to deepen the body of knowledge and cross-border application of Islamic finance. Inspired by ethical principles that drive the industry, this recognition is unique and meant to highlight the individual’s outstanding contribution and its impact towards the advancement of Islamic finance globally, beyond commercial achievements. MIFC–Award: About Established in 2010 under the Malaysia International Islamic Financial Centre (MIFC) initiative and supported by Bank Negara Malaysia and Securities Commission Malaysia, the first winner for The Royal Award is expected to be announced at The Royal Award Gala Dinner and Award Presentation ceremony to be held in Kuala Lumpur on 25 October 2010.
A 2019 paper argues that the term "computational thinking" (CT) should be used mainly as a shorthand to convey the educational value of computer science, hence the need of teaching it in school. The strategic goal is to have computer science recognized in school as an autonomous scientific subject more than trying to identify "body of knowledge" or "assessment methods" for CT. Particularly important is to stress the fact that the scientific novelty associated with CT is the shift from the "problem solving" of mathematics to the "having problem solved" of computer science. Without the "effective agent", who automatically executes the instructions received to solve the problem, there would be no computer science, but just mathematics. Another criticism in the same paper is that focusing on "problem solving" is too narrow, since "solving a problem is just an instance of a situation where one wants to reach a specified goal".
The tradition of peer reviews being done for free has however brought many pitfalls which are also indicative of why most peer reviewers decline many invitations to review. It was observed that publications from periphery countries rarely rise to the same elite status as those of North America and Europe, because limitations on the availability of resources including high- quality paper and sophisticated image-rendering software and printing tools render these publications less able to satisfy standards currently carrying formal or informal authority in the publishing industry. These limitations in turn result in the under-representation of scholars from periphery nations among the set of publications holding prestige status relative to the quantity and quality of those scholars' research efforts, and this under-representation in turn results in disproportionately reduced acceptance of the results of their efforts as contributions to the body of knowledge available worldwide.
The Africa Progress Panel is a unique policy and research organization, with high level access and global reach, influencing policy through a multitude of approaches such as discrete interventions, public advocacy, political mentoring, leveraging and convening, partnering and networking, and policy analysis. Kende-Robb led the publication of the Africa Progress Panel’s flagship reports. The reports constitute a significant body of knowledge and have effectively influenced policy: Jobs, Justice and Equity: Seizing opportunities in times of global change] (2012); Equity in Extractives: Stewarding Africa's natural resources for all (2013); Grain, Fish, Money: Financing Africa's Green and Blue Revolutions (2014); and Power People Planet (2015). Kende-Robb is a Non- Executive Director for Mara Social Media and an Ambassador for the Wildlife Justice Commission. She is also a member of the World Economic Forum’s Global Future Councils, and previously was on the WEF’s councils on Justice and Africa.
It also illustrates that practitioners of cameralism were a heterogeneous group that not only served the interest of the state but also that of the growing cadres of academics, scientists and technological experts striving for the favour of the state in order to further their own interests as well as being oeconomic patriots. There are some similarities between cameralism as an economic theory and the French mercantilist school of Jean-Baptiste Colbert, which has sometimes caused cameralism to be viewed as a German version of mercantilism, as both emphasised import substitution and a strong state-directed economic life. However, cameralism was developed with regards to the landlocked nature of many of the German states of the 18th century and attempted to substitute the whole production process, whereas mercantilism relied on access to raw materials and goods from the colonial periphery. Furthermore, defining cameralism as an early modern school of economy does not accurately portray the scope of the body of knowledge included in cameralism.
The seven tools are: #Cause-and-effect diagram (also known as the "fishbone diagram" or Ishikawa diagram) #Check sheet #Control chart #Histogram #Pareto chart #Scatter diagram #Stratification (alternatively, flow chart or run chart) The designation arose in postwar Japan, inspired by the seven famous weapons of Benkei. It was possibly introduced by Kaoru Ishikawa who in turn was influenced by a series of lectures W. Edwards Deming had given to Japanese engineers and scientists in 1950. At that time, companies that had set about training their workforces in statistical quality control found that the complexity of the subject intimidated most of their workers and scaled back training to focus primarily on simpler methods which suffice for most quality- related issues. The Project Management Institute references the seven basic tools in A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge as an example of a set of general tools useful for planning or controlling project quality.
In 1838 he was taking classes in French. It was his good fortune to be subsequently concerned in various cases requiring antiquarian and, in particular, genealogical research, and he was thus early introduced to those studies in which he became such an expert, and steadily built up a remarkable body of knowledge which made possible his great series of fifty or so volumes on the histories of between twenty and thirty of the leading noble and landed families of Scotland. Fraser was frequently summoned to London to give evidence before the Committee for Privileges of the House of Lords. In 1882 the University of Edinburgh conferred on him the honorary degree of LL.D. In 1885 he was created a Companion of the Order of the Bath and in 1887 he was made a Civil Knight Commander of the Bath, being invested by Queen Victoria at Osborne House on 2 August that year.
The Chicago conference brought together team science investigators and practitioners from a broad range of disciplines, including translational research; organizational behavior; social, cognitive, and health psychology; communications; complex systems; evaluation science; technology; and management. As a nascent field of inquiry, the terminology, methodologies, and outcomes of SciTS are still being debated and defined, and new hypotheses regarding the most effective strategies for implementing and sustaining team science are beginning to be tested and the results published. While the SciTS literature base is currently limited, the field is founded on a substantial body of knowledge of team research conducted by scholars in diverse fields such as organizational science, community health promotion, and social psychology, as well as from groups outside academia, including business and the military. SciTS research findings are starting to be translated into evidence-based tools and support structures that aim to improve the efficiency and success of team science initiatives.
Registered Practical Nurses (RPNs), is a title applied to practical nurses in Ontario and Quebec, which is not to be confused with Registered Psychiatric Nurses, are equivalent to Licensed Practical Nurses (LPNs) in the other provinces and territories of Canada which favour this title. Practical nurses are educated at the college level after two to three years of study and are granted a diploma upon successful completion. Practical nursing training is quite similar to the registered nurses education with much of the same subjects, and with the same nursing skills to RN, however given the reduced period of study, students receive a more focused foundational body of knowledge; this results in the inability of RPNs to provide autonomous care to highly acute and unstable patients, unless caring for the patient in collaboration with a Registered Nurse. RN's are also encouraged to collaborate with other RN's on highly acute and unstable patients, however may do so independently.
Charles Bennett was a historical scholar who researched and wrote nine books about the history of north Florida, including General MacGregor: Hero or Rogue, Laudonniere & Fort Caroline, Three Voyages and Twelve on the River St. Johns. The Fort Caroline National Memorial and the Timucuan Ecological and Historic Preserve were both created through his efforts. University of Florida Scholarships & Fellowships, Charles E. and Dorothy J. Bennett Fund He is the only person to receive the Jacksonville Historical Society's Lifetime Achievement Award, and the society stated, "His contributions of original research and his additions to the body of knowledge on the area's history are staggering."Lisska, Emily: Jax Historical Society website, Journal-Charles E. Bennett, "Charles E. Bennett's special reverence for Florida leaves a treasure trove of written history and historic landmarks" The Charles E. and Dorothy J. Bennett Fund was established in 2008 at the University of Florida to encourage research and publication of Florida history.
The CAPM exam is based on the A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge, colloquially known as "The PMBOK Guide". The Certified Associate in Project Management (CAPM) Credential Handbook, notes the distribution of questions from the PMBOK: #Chapter 1 Introduction to Project Management (6%) #Chapter 2 Project Environment (6%) #Chapter 3 Role of the Project Manager (7%) #Chapter 4 Project Integration Management (9%) #Chapter 5 Project Scope Management (9%) #Chapter 6 Project Schedule Management (9%) #Chapter 7 Project Cost Management (8%) #Chapter 8 Project Quality Management (7%) #Chapter 9 Project Resource Management (8%) #Chapter 10 Project Communication Management (10%) #Chapter 11 Project Risk Management (8%) #Chapter 12 Project Procurement Management (4%) # Chapter 13 Project Stakeholder Management (9%) The exam consists of 150 multiple-choice questions with four answers per choice. Candidates have 3.0 hours to complete the exam. To be able to apply, one needs a secondary diploma (high school diploma/global equivalent) as well as a minimum of 1,500 hours of project experience OR 25 hours of project management education.
In 2018 Samudzi and William Anderson published their book, As Black as Resistance, which called for a new type of politics for Black Americans. Her work with Anderson on Black anti-fascism notes that “Black radical formations are themselves fundamentally anti-fascist despite functioning outside of ‘conventional’ antifa spaces.”. She has a critique of white anti-fascism stating that it fails to account for the fact that "American fascism is an evolution of state carceral forms that were founded on the settler genocide of indigenous communities and the enslavement of black people." Until white anti-fascists do more than repeat Black Lives Matter slogans and "fully assimilate nonwhite thinkers into the body of knowledge that we rely on to counter fascism" they will not be able to fully address the complexity of the US anti-fascist movement. Samudzi is an intersectional feminist, believing that “ ‘woman’ is not a catchall category that alone defines all our relationships to power”. Samudzi described the COVID-19 pandemic as a “pandemic of western movement”.
Among his honors, Lewis is a fellow of the New York Academy of Sciences,American Psychological Association, and American Association of the Advancement of Science, as well as the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science. In 1995 he was ranked by a University of Notre Dame Study as number 1 in terms of the impact of scientists who are most referenced and productive in the field of developmental sciences, in the top 1.5% of scientists referenced in the Social Science Index. In addition, Dr. Lewis received the 2009 Urie Bronfenbrenner Award for Lifetime Contribution to Developmental Psychology in the Service of Science and Society from the American Psychological Association, as well as the 2012 Hedi Levenback Pioneer Award from The New York Zero-to-Three for his pioneering research in child development. The Society of Research in Child Development, the leading academic child development organization, announced the 2013 award for the Distinguished Scientific Contributions to Child Development, in recognition of Lewis's lifetime contribution to the scientific body of knowledge and understanding of children's development.
The result would be either weakening of the metal over time or too quick a buildup in steam pressure, either one causing failure of the boiler jacket, that is, an explosion. Hunter, in his thorough survey on the subject, cautions however that low boiler water, while often a cause of an explosion, was not always a good enough explanation, and that it had been shown by experiments as early as 1836 that a well-filled boiler could still explode, and that overheating caused by low water in the boiler frequently but not always led to an explosion. Low boiler water did however have the advantage of shifting the blame off from the captain for demanding immediate speed following the landing, or the owners, for pushing the schedule so hard that the engineer felt compelled to keep steam up while the engines were off line. Hunter makes the point that in 1838, when the spectacular explosion of the Moselle on the Ohio River near Cincinnati, caused a congressional investigation, that there was no existing body of knowledge or professional tradition for steamboat engineers.
Beyond the emphasis on public ministry, the Odyssean tradition is characterized by the following: it is an Eclectic tradition in its origins that has a strong British Traditional Wicca style to its forms of organization and initiation; although it emulates British Traditional the tradition's approach to ritual is more flexible and may often be less structured than many British Traditional Wiccans would be comfortable with; the tradition rejects the concepts of Neopagan monism and Neopagan monotheism; the tradition does accept the base- line Wiccan concept of Neopagan duotheism but does encourage students and seekers alike to choose to affiliate with a particular Pagan pantheon and encourages the devotion to a deity (or group of deities) . The Odyssean training system is remarked upon as being notably rigorous, which can be observed in the Wiccan Church of Canada weekly classes. These classes comprise the basic body of knowledge considered necessary by Odysseans, and can span upwards of 150 hours of class time or more. Completion of these classes (which includes the student completing the homework exercises assigned) is often considered a minimum requirement by Initiates before they accept a person as a new student.
He died of cancer on July 6, 2003. Under Webster's leadership, ASCP produced scores of reference materials, policies, award- winning publications, educational programs, internet resources, and other products and services that allow ASCP members to provide the highest levels of professional pharmacy services to seniors living in a wide variety of settings. He championed the cause of taking the expertise ASCP members honed in more than thirty years of experience in nursing facilities to the larger senior population. He was also the founder of ASCP's monthly peer-reviewed journal, The Consultant Pharmacist, which continues to add to the immense body of knowledge used by consultant pharmacists to provide pharmaceutical care to seniors. Recognition for his contributions to the advancement of the pharmacy profession include the American Pharmaceutical Association’s Hugo Schaefer Award in 2003, an honorary Doctor of Science degree from the Philadelphia College of Pharmacy in 1998, the ASCP George F. Archambault Award for specialty practice in consultant pharmacy in 1990, Ohio State University (OSU) College of Pharmacy's 1991 Distinguished Alumni Award and 1996 Vision Award and the R. Timothy Webster Scholarship in Long Term Care Pharmacy at OSU.
The body of knowledge concerning compounds with penta-substituted cyclopentadienyl ligands is extensive, with organometallic complexes of the pentamethylcyclopentadienyl and pentaphenylcyclopentadienyl ligands being well-known. Substitutions on the cyclopentadienyl rings of rhodocenes and rhodocenium salts produce compounds of higher stability as they allow for the increased delocalisation of positive charge or electron density and also provide steric hindrance against other species approaching the metal centre. Various mono- and di-substituted rhodocenium species are known, but substantial stabilisation is not achieved without greater substitutions. Known highly substituted rhodocenium salts include decamethylrhodocenium hexafluorophosphate [(η5-C5Me5)2Rh]PF6, decaisopropylrhodocenium hexafluorophosphate [(η5-C5iPr5)2Rh]PF6, and octaphenylrhodocenium hexafluorophosphate [(η5-C5Ph4H)2Rh]PF6. Decamethylrhodocenium tetrafluoroborate can be synthesised from the tris(acetone) complex [(η5-C5Me5)Rh(Me2CO)3](BF4)2 by reaction with pentamethylcyclopentadiene, and the analogous iridium synthesis is also known. Decaisopropylrhodicnium hexafluorophosphate was synthesised in 1,2-dimethoxyethane (solvent) in an unusual one-pot synthesis that involves the formation of 20 carbon–carbon bonds: :One-pot synthesis of decaisopropylrhodocenium hexafluorophosphate from decamethylrhodocenium hexafluorophosphate In a similar reaction, pentaisopropylrhodocenium hexafluorophosphate [(η5-C5iPr5)Rh(η5-C5H5)]PF6 can be synthesised from pentamethylrhodocenium hexafluorophosphate [(η5-C5Me5)Rh(η5-C5H5)]PF6 in 80% yield.
A natural history collection in a French public secondary school Modern definitions of natural history come from a variety of fields and sources, and many of the modern definitions emphasize a particular aspect of the field, creating a plurality of definitions with a number of common themes among them. For example, while natural history is most often defined as a type of observation and a subject of study, it can also be defined as a body of knowledge, and as a craft or a practice, in which the emphasis is placed more on the observer than on the observed.Thomas Lowe Fleischner, The Way of Natural History, Trinity University Press, 2011. Definitions from biologists often focus on the scientific study of individual organisms in their environment, as seen in this definition by Marston Bates: "Natural history is the study of animals and Plants—of organisms. ... I like to think, then, of natural history as the study of life at the level of the individual—of what plants and animals do, how they react to each other and their environment, how they are organized into larger groupings like populations and communities"Marston Bates, The nature of natural history, Scribners, 1954.
Although Shabestari has made a modest contribution to the introduction and application of modern hermeneutics to traditional Shiite theology and jurisprudence, and thus to the proposition of variability of religious knowledge, his most significant contribution seems to be his authoritative commentary on the essentially limited nature of religious knowledge and rules, and thus the necessity of complementing it with extra-religious sources. Shabestari argues that distinguishing the eternal (values), from the changeable (instances and applications) in religion needs a kind of knowledge that is not, itself, contained in the rules developed in Islamic jurisprudence (Fiqh). He laments the lack of such a body of knowledge in Islamic society: In the same vein, he underscores the limited nature of religious knowledge in general, and religious jurisprudence, in particular.(10) In Shabestari's view, what is essential and eternal is the general values of Islam not particular forms of their realization in any particular historic time, (including the time of the prophet): > The meaning of perfection of religion (Ekmal e Din) is not that it contains > everything under the sun, so that if we were unable to find a specific item > in it, we could go off calling it imperfect.

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